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Li T, Sun M, Sun Q, Ren X, Xu Q, Sun Z, Duan J. PM 2.5-induced iron homeostasis imbalance triggers cardiac hypertrophy through ferroptosis in a selective autophagy crosstalk manner. Redox Biol 2024; 72:103158. [PMID: 38631121 PMCID: PMC11033202 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2024.103158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Exposure to PM2.5 is correlated with cardiac remodeling, of which cardiac hypertrophy is one of the main clinical manifestations. Ferroptosis plays an important role in cardiac hypertrophy. However, the potential mechanism of PM2.5-induced cardiac hypertrophy through ferroptosis remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the molecular mechanism of cardiac hypertrophy caused by PM2.5 and the intervention role of MitoQ involved in this process. The results showed that PM2.5 could induce cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in mice. Meanwhile, the characteristics of ferroptosis were observed, such as iron homeostasis imbalance, lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial damage and abnormal expression of key molecules. MitoQ treatment could effectively mitigate these alternations. After treating human cardiomyocyte AC16 with PM2.5, ferroptosis activator (Erastin) and inhibitor (Fer-1), it was found that PM2.5 could promote ferritinophagy and lead to lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial dysfunction as well as the accumulation of intracellular and mitochondrial labile iron. Subsequently, mitophagy was activated and provided an additional source of labile iron, enhancing the sensitivity of AC16 cells to ferroptosis. Furthermore, Fer-1 alleviated PM2.5-induced cytotoxicity and iron overload in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of AC16 cells. It was worth noting that during the process of PM2.5 caused ferroptosis, abnormal iron metabolism mediated the activation of ferritinophagy and mitophagy in a temporal order. In addition, NCOA4 knockdown reversed the iron homeostasis imbalance and lipid peroxidation caused by PM2.5, thereby alleviating ferroptosis. In summary, our study found that iron homeostasis imbalance-mediated the crosstalk of ferritinophagy and mitophagy played an important role in PM2.5-induced ferroptosis and cardiac hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Mengqi Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Qinglin Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Xiaoke Ren
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Qing Xu
- Core Facilities for Electrophysiology, Core Facilities Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, PR China.
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Sagheer U, Al-Kindi S, Abohashem S, Phillips CT, Rana JS, Bhatnagar A, Gulati M, Rajagopalan S, Kalra DK. Environmental Pollution and Cardiovascular Disease: Part 1 of 2: Air Pollution. JACC. ADVANCES 2024; 3:100805. [PMID: 38939391 PMCID: PMC11198409 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacadv.2023.100805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Over the past 50 years, there has been a substantial decline in the incidence of CVD and related mortality in high-income countries, largely due to the mitigation of modifiable risk factors such as smoking, hypertension, and diabetes. However, a significant burden of CVD remains in low- to middle-income countries, despite their lower prevalence of traditional risk factors; other environmental factors, particularly pollution, play a significant role in this attributable risk. Mounting evidence underscores a strong association between pollution and adverse health effects, including CVD. This article is part 1 of a 2-part state-of-the-art review and discusses air pollution and its adverse effects on CVD, highlighting pathophysiological mechanisms and methods to reduce air pollution and exposure to these pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Sagheer
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Sadeer Al-Kindi
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Shady Abohashem
- Divison of Cardiovascular Imaging, Radiology Department, Massachusetts General Hospital-Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Colin T. Phillips
- Department of Cardiology, Maine Medical Center, Portland, Maine, USA
| | - Jamal S. Rana
- The Permanente Medical Group, Department of Cardiology, Oakland Medical Center, Oakland, California, USA
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Martha Gulati
- Department of Cardiology, Barbra Streisand Women's Heart Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University Hospitals, Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Dinesh K. Kalra
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
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Vieira de Oliveira Salerno PR, Briones-Valdivieso C, Motairek I, Palma Dallan LA, Rajagopalan S, Deo SV, Petermann-Rocha F, Al-Kindi S. The cardiovascular disease burden attributable to particulate matter pollution in South America: analysis of the 1990-2019 global burden of disease. Public Health 2023; 224:169-177. [PMID: 37797563 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fine particulate matter <2.5 microns (PM2.5) is the most studied air pollutant. Both short- and long-term exposure to PM2.5 have been linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies evaluating air pollution in South America are scarce. Therefore, the impact of exposure to PM2.5, household air pollution (HAP), and ambient air pollution (AAP) on CVD mortality and CVD disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in South American countries from 1990 to 2019 was explored. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The Global Burden of Disease initiative exposure-response function was used to analyze the total PM2.5, ambient PM2.5, and household PM2.5-related CVD deaths and DALYs rates, per 100,000 individuals, in 12 South American countries between 1990 and 2019. The relative change in burden was also assessed by comparing the 1990-1994 to 2015-2019 periods. RESULTS In 2019, 70,668 deaths and 1,736,414 DALYs due to CVD were attributed to total PM2.5 exposure in South America. Substantial regional heterogeneity was observed concerning the absolute change in PM2.5 concentration levels comparing 1990 to 2019. All South American countries observed a relative decline in CVD deaths and DALYs comparing the 1990-1994 to 2015-2019 periods. No country was able to reach the current World Health Organization 5 μg/m3 recommended limit in 2019. Predominantly, AAP was the greatest contributor to the CVD burden. CONCLUSION Air pollution substantially impacted CVD in South America; however, this impact was heterogenous, and the relative reduction of HAP and AAP burden was also not uniform. Recognizing PM2.5 importance is key for developing target population and individual-level interventions, which could ultimately alleviate its burden.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - C Briones-Valdivieso
- Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile
| | - I Motairek
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - L A Palma Dallan
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - S Rajagopalan
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA; Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - S V Deo
- Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA; Surgical Services, Louis Stokes Cleveland VA Medical Center, Cleveland, USA
| | - F Petermann-Rocha
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile.
| | - S Al-Kindi
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA; Escuela de Medicina, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Diego Portales, Santiago, Chile.
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Mei F, Renzi M, Bonifazi M, Bonifazi F, Pepe N, D'Allura A, Brusasca G, Viegi G, Forastiere F. Long-term effects of air pollutants on respiratory and cardiovascular mortality in a port city along the Adriatic sea. BMC Pulm Med 2023; 23:395. [PMID: 37853365 PMCID: PMC10585890 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-023-02629-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shipping and port-related air pollution has a significant health impact on a global scale. The present study aimed to assess the mortality burden attributable to long-term exposure to ambient particulate matter (PM2.5, PM10) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) in the city of Ancona (Italy), with one of the leading national commercial harbours. METHODS Exposure to air pollutants was derived by dispersion models. The relationship between the long-term exposure of air pollution exposure and cause-specific mortality was evaluated by Poisson regression models, after adjustment for gender, age and socioeconomic status. Results are expressed as percent change of risk (and relative 95% confidence intervals) per 5 unit increases in the exposures. The health impact on the annual number of premature cause-specific deaths was also assessed. RESULTS PM2.5 and NO2 annual concentrations were higher in the area close to the harbour than in the rest of the city. Positive associations between each pollutant and most of the mortality outcomes were observed, with estimates of up to 7.6% (95%CI 0.1, 15.6%) for 10 µg/m3 increase in NO2 and cardiovascular mortality and 15.3% (95%CI-1.1, 37.2%) for 10 µg/m3 increase PM2.5 and lung cancer. In the subpopulation living close to the harbour, there were excess risks of up to 13.5%, 24.1% and 37.9% for natural, cardiovascular and respiratory mortality. The number of annual premature deaths due to the excess of PM2.5 and NO2 exposure (having as a reference the 2021 World Health Organization Air Quality Guidelines) was 82 and 25, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms the long-term health effects of PM and NO2 on mortality and reveals a higher mortality burden in areas close to shipping and port-related emissions. Estimating the source-specific health burdens is key to achieve a deeper understanding of the role of different emission sources, as well as to support effective and targeted mitigation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Mei
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy.
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Ospedali Riuniti", Ancona, Italy.
| | - Matteo Renzi
- Department of Epidemiology of Lazio Region, ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy.
| | - Martina Bonifazi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Marche Polytechnic University, Ancona, Italy
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria "Ospedali Riuniti", Ancona, Italy
| | - Floriano Bonifazi
- Honorary President Associazione Allergologi Immunologi Italiani Territoriali E Ospedalieri, , Firenze, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Giovanni Viegi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Forastiere
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council (CNR), Palermo, Italy
- Environmental Research Group, Imperial College, London, UK
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Motairek I, Makhlouf MHE, Rajagopalan S, Al-Kindi S. The Exposome and Cardiovascular Health. Can J Cardiol 2023; 39:1191-1203. [PMID: 37290538 PMCID: PMC10526979 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2023.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The study of the interplay between social factors, environmental hazards, and health has garnered much attention in recent years. The term "exposome" was coined to describe the total impact of environmental exposures on an individual's health and well-being, serving as a complementary concept to the genome. Studies have shown a strong correlation between the exposome and cardiovascular health, with various components of the exposome having been implicated in the development and progression of cardiovascular disease. These components include the natural and built environment, air pollution, diet, physical activity, and psychosocial stress, among others. This review provides an overview of the relationship between the exposome and cardiovascular health, highlighting the epidemiologic and mechanistic evidence of environmental exposures on cardiovascular disease. The interplay between various environmental components is discussed, and potential avenues for mitigation are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issam Motairek
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mohamed H E Makhlouf
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sanjay Rajagopalan
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sadeer Al-Kindi
- Harrington Heart and Vascular Institute, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
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Ma Y, Li D, Xie J, Hu Y, Su B, Tian Y. Exposure to various ambient air pollutants and 9 cardiovascular conditions among individuals with diabetes: A prospective analysis of the UK Biobank. Atherosclerosis 2023; 369:1-8. [PMID: 36822029 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2023.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS The adverse effects of air pollutants on the risk of most cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are well-established, but the risk of CVDs such as deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, or aortic valve stenosis have been underappreciated, especially in the diabetic population. This study aimed to evaluate associations between long-term air pollutants exposure and the risk of incident CVDs among participants with diabetes. METHODS This study included 27,827 participants with baseline diabetes from the UK Biobank. We then estimated hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for CVDs associated with chronic air pollutant exposure in the diabetic population by fitting the Cox proportional hazards model. Moreover, we investigated the cardiovascular effects of air pollutants at concentrations below WHO guideline limits. RESULTS After multivariable adjustment, long-term NO2 and NOx exposures were positively associated with the development of 8 and 6 types of CVDs in participants with diabetes, respectively. In term of particulate matters, the effect estimates ranged from 1.51 (1.13, 2.03) (coronary artery disease) to 4.65 (2.73, 7.92) (peripheral arterial disease) per 10 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5. Whereas, the effect estimates ranged from 1.15 (1.04, 1.27) (arterial hypertension) to 2.28 (1.40, 3.69) (pulmonary embolism) per 10 μg/m3 increase in PM10. In addition, our study discovered that for most of the cardiovascular events (8 of 9), the deleterious effects of air pollutants persisted even when participants were exposed to air pollutants concentrations below WHO guideline limits. CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to ambient NO2, NOx, PM2.5, and PM10, either at normal or low level, increased risk of various cardiovascular outcomes in the diabetic population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudiyang Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Dankang Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqing Xie
- Center for Statistics in Medicine, NDORMS, University of Oxford, The Botnar Research Centre, Oxford, UK
| | - Yonghua Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Binbin Su
- School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, No.31, Beijige-3, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yaohua Tian
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China; Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No.13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, 430030, People's Republic of China.
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Halasz G, Bandera F, Piepoli M. Editorial comments: focus on cardiovascular diseases. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:203-205. [PMID: 36729046 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Geza Halasz
- Azienda Ospedaliera San Camillo-Forlanini, Circonvallazione Gianicolense, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Bandera
- Clinical Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Massimo Piepoli
- Clinical Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, Via Morandi 30, 20097 San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
- Department of Biomedical Science for Health, University of Milan, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122 Milan, Italy
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Mannucci PM, Peyvandi F. Air pollution and cardiovascular health in Middle East and North Africa: many shadows but some light. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2023; 30:254-255. [PMID: 36515623 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwac292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pier Mannuccio Mannucci
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center and Fondazione Luigi Villa, via Pace 9, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Flora Peyvandi
- Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Angelo Bianchi Bonomi Hemophilia and Thrombosis Center and Fondazione Luigi Villa, via Pace 9, 20122 Milano, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Pace 9, 20122 Milano, Italy
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