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You MA, Choi J, Son YJ. Associations of dual use of tobacco cigarettes and e-cigarettes, sleep duration, physical activity and depressive symptoms among middle-aged and older Korean adults. Nurs Open 2023; 10:4071-4082. [PMID: 36929137 PMCID: PMC10170944 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.1667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM There is limited evidence of the association between dual tobacco-e-cigarette use and health-related variables in Korea. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the associations between types of cigarette smoking, sleep duration, physical activity and depressive symptoms among Korean adults. DESIGN A cross-sectional study design using the 2019 Korean Community Health Survey. METHODS The study subjects consisted of 179,004 adults older than 40 years from a total of 229,099 individuals. Self-reported general characteristics, smoking history, sleep duration, physical activity and depressive symptoms were analysed. RESULTS In multinomial logistic regression, dual users of tobacco cigarettes and e-cigarettes were more likely to have sleep duration of less than 7 h per day and to report both mild and moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms than non-smokers. Single use of either cigarettes or e-cigarettes increased the risk of short sleep duration and moderate-to-severe depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Ae You
- Research Institute of Nursing Science, College of Nursing, Ajou University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - JiYeon Choi
- Mo-Im Kim Nursing Research Institute, College of Nursing, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea
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Morris M, Halcomb E, Mansourian Y, Bernoth M. Understanding how general practice nurses support adult lifestyle risk reduction: An integrative review. J Adv Nurs 2022; 78:3517-3530. [PMID: 35775138 PMCID: PMC9796034 DOI: 10.1111/jan.15344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM To review the literature exploring how general practice nurses support lifestyle risk reduction. DESIGN Integrative literature review. SOURCES CINAHL, Emcare, MEDLINE, Proquest and Scopus were searched for peer-reviewed primary research published in English from 2010 to 2022. METHODS Sixteen papers met the inclusion criteria and were assessed for methodological quality using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. Findings were extracted and thematically analysed. RESULTS Four themes described general practice nurses: (1) Establishing relational connections; (2) Empowering active participation; (3) Engaging mutual motivation and (4) Enabling confident action. General practice nurses used complex interpersonal, risk communication and health coaching skills to build collaborative partnerships that supported patients' self-determination and self-efficacy. While mutual motivation and confidence were reciprocally enabling, gaps in skills, experience and knowledge plus time, resource and role constraints limited general practice nurses' ability to support lifestyle risk reduction. CONCLUSION General practice nurses play a key role in lifestyle risk reduction. Ongoing education, funding, organizational and professional support are needed to enhance their commitment, confidence and capacity. IMPACT What problem did the study address? While general practice nurses play a key role in health promotion and risk reduction, their potential is yet to be fully realized. Research examining methods by which nurses working in general practice support lifestyle risk reduction is limited. What were the main findings? Successful interactions depended on personal, professional, organisational and systemic factors which either enhanced or inhibited relational quality, shared decision-making, mutual commitment, and nurses' confidence and capacity to address lifestyle risks. Targeted professional development and peer mentoring are needed to build proficient practice. Where and on whom will the research have impact? Understanding how general practice nurses support risk reduction can inform policy and identify training and support needs to advance their skills and role. Research exploring synergies between themes may illuminate this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksi Morris
- School of Nursing, Paramedicine and Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of ScienceCharles Sturt UniversityWagga WaggaNSWAustralia
| | - Elizabeth Halcomb
- School of Nursing, Faculty of Science, Medicine & HealthUniversity of Wollongong, Illawarra Health & Medical Research InstituteWollongongNSWAustralia
| | - Yazdan Mansourian
- School of Information and Communication Studies, Faculty of Arts and EducationCharles Sturt UniversityWagga WaggaNSWAustralia
| | - Maree Bernoth
- School of Nursing, Paramedicine and Healthcare Sciences, Faculty of ScienceCharles Sturt UniversityWagga WaggaNSWAustralia
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Rørtveit K, Saetre Hansen B, Joa I, Lode K, Severinsson E. Qualitative evaluation in nursing interventions-A review of the literature. Nurs Open 2020; 7:1285-1298. [PMID: 32802349 PMCID: PMC7424442 DOI: 10.1002/nop2.519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim To identify and synthesize qualitative evaluation methods used in nursing interventions. Design A systematic qualitative review with a content analysis. Four databases were used: MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase and CINAHL using pre-defined terms. The included papers were published from 2014-2018. Methods We followed the guidelines of Dixon-Woods et al., Sandelowski and Barroso, the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme qualitative checklist and The Confidence in the Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative Research Approach. Results Of 103 papers, 15 were eligible for inclusion. The main theme Challenging complexity by evaluating qualitatively described processes and characteristics of qualitative evaluation. Two analytic themes emerged: Evaluating the implementation process and Evaluating improvements brought about by the programme. Conclusion Different qualitative evaluation methods in nursing are a way of documenting knowledge that is difficult to illuminate in natural settings and make an important contribution when determining the pros and cons of an intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristine Rørtveit
- Department of Research, Nursing and Healthcare Research GroupStavanger University HospitalStavangerNorway
| | - Britt Saetre Hansen
- Department of Research, Nursing and Healthcare Research GroupStavanger University HospitalStavangerNorway
| | - Inge Joa
- Department of Research, Nursing and Healthcare Research GroupStavanger University HospitalStavangerNorway
| | - Kirsten Lode
- Department of Research, Nursing and Healthcare Research GroupStavanger University HospitalStavangerNorway
| | - Elisabeth Severinsson
- Department of Research, Nursing and Healthcare Research GroupStavanger University HospitalStavangerNorway
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Telephone services can provide information and support for smokers. Counselling may be provided proactively or offered reactively to callers to smoking cessation helplines. OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of telephone support to help smokers quit, including proactive or reactive counselling, or the provision of other information to smokers calling a helpline. SEARCH METHODS We searched the Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group Specialised Register, clinicaltrials.gov, and the ICTRP for studies of telephone counselling, using search terms including 'hotlines' or 'quitline' or 'helpline'. Date of the most recent search: May 2018. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised or quasi-randomised controlled trials which offered proactive or reactive telephone counselling to smokers to assist smoking cessation. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard methodological procedures expected by Cochrane. We pooled studies using a random-effects model and assessed statistical heterogeneity amongst subgroups of clinically comparable studies using the I2 statistic. In trials including smokers who did not call a quitline, we used meta-regression to investigate moderation of the effect of telephone counselling by the planned number of calls in the intervention, trial selection of participants that were motivated to quit, and the baseline support provided together with telephone counselling (either self-help only, brief face-to-face intervention, pharmacotherapy, or financial incentives). MAIN RESULTS We identified 104 trials including 111,653 participants that met the inclusion criteria. Participants were mostly adult smokers from the general population, but some studies included teenagers, pregnant women, and people with long-term or mental health conditions. Most trials (58.7%) were at high risk of bias, while 30.8% were at unclear risk, and only 11.5% were at low risk of bias for all domains assessed. Most studies (100/104) assessed proactive telephone counselling, as opposed to reactive forms.Among trials including smokers who contacted helplines (32,484 participants), quit rates were higher for smokers receiving multiple sessions of proactive counselling (risk ratio (RR) 1.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.19 to 1.61; 14 trials, 32,484 participants; I2 = 72%) compared with a control condition providing self-help materials or brief counselling in a single call. Due to the substantial unexplained heterogeneity between studies, we downgraded the certainty of the evidence to moderate.In studies that recruited smokers who did not call a helpline, the provision of telephone counselling increased quit rates (RR 1.25, 95% CI 1.15 to 1.35; 65 trials, 41,233 participants; I2 = 52%). Due to the substantial unexplained heterogeneity between studies, we downgraded the certainty of the evidence to moderate. In subgroup analysis, we found no evidence that the effect of telephone counselling depended upon whether or not other interventions were provided (P = 0.21), no evidence that more intensive support was more effective than less intensive (P = 0.43), or that the effect of telephone support depended upon whether or not people were actively trying to quit smoking (P = 0.32). However, in meta-regression, telephone counselling was associated with greater effectiveness when provided as an adjunct to self-help written support (P < 0.01), or to a brief intervention from a health professional (P = 0.02); telephone counselling was less effective when provided as an adjunct to more intensive counselling. Further, telephone support was more effective for people who were motivated to try to quit smoking (P = 0.02). The findings from three additional trials of smokers who had not proactively called a helpline but were offered telephone counselling, found quit rates were higher in those offered three to five telephone calls compared to those offered just one call (RR 1.27, 95% CI 1.12 to 1.44; 2602 participants; I2 = 0%). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is moderate-certainty evidence that proactive telephone counselling aids smokers who seek help from quitlines, and moderate-certainty evidence that proactive telephone counselling increases quit rates in smokers in other settings. There is currently insufficient evidence to assess potential variations in effect from differences in the number of contacts, type or timing of telephone counselling, or when telephone counselling is provided as an adjunct to other smoking cessation therapies. Evidence was inconclusive on the effect of reactive telephone counselling, due to a limited number studies, which reflects the difficulty of studying this intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José M. Ordóñez‐Mena
- University of OxfordNuffield Department of Primary Care Health SciencesRadcliffe Observatory QuarterWoodstock RoadOxfordOxfordshireUKOX2 6GG
| | - Jamie Hartmann‐Boyce
- University of OxfordNuffield Department of Primary Care Health SciencesRadcliffe Observatory QuarterWoodstock RoadOxfordOxfordshireUKOX2 6GG
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van Uum RT, Venekamp RP, Schilder AGM, Damoiseaux RAMJ, Anthierens S. Pain management in acute otitis media: a qualitative study of parents' views and expectations. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2019; 20:18. [PMID: 30674279 PMCID: PMC6343236 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-019-0908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND For unclarified reasons, parents tend to be cautious about administering analgesics to their children, potentially leading to suboptimal management of AOM symptoms. We aim to understand parents' views and expectations of pain management in acute otitis media (AOM) in children. METHODS Qualitative study alongside a cluster-randomised controlled trial (PIM-POM study) aimed at optimising pain management in childhood AOM. We purposefully sampled 14 parents of children diagnosed with AOM by their GP, who were recruited to the trial between November 2017 and May 2018. Semi-structured interviews were held at home in the first two weeks after trial enrollment. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analyzed thematically. RESULTS Parents experienced difficulties in recognising earache and other symptoms of an ear infection. They consulted the GP for a diagnosis, for reassurance and for management advice. Parents shared that, prior to consultation, they had insufficient knowledge of the benefits of correctly dosed pain medication at regularly scheduled intervals. Parents valued the GP's advice on pain management, and were happy to accept pain medication as standalone therapy, provided that the GP explained why antibiotics would not be needed. Parents' views and expectations of pain management in AOM were shaped by previous experiences of AOM within their family; those with a positive experience of pain medication are more likely to use it in subsequent AOM episodes. CONCLUSIONS Parents of children with AOM consult the GP to help cope with uncertainties in recognising symptoms of AOM, and to receive management advice. It is important that GPs are aware of parents' lack of understanding of the role of pain medication in managing AOM, and that they address this during the consultation. TRIAL REGISTRATION Netherlands Trial Register, identifier NTR4920 (registration date: 19 December 2014).
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick T. van Uum
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Office number FAC 5.09, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roderick P. Venekamp
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Office number FAC 5.09, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anne G. M. Schilder
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Office number FAC 5.09, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
- evidENT, Ear Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Roger A. M. J. Damoiseaux
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, University Utrecht, Office number FAC 5.09, P.O. Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sibyl Anthierens
- Department of Primary Care and Interdisciplinary Care, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Wong G, Glover M, McPherson M, Garrett N, McLeod S. Boosting efficacy of nurse-led stop smoking interventions with a quit and win contest: pilot study results. Contemp Nurse 2018; 54:395-408. [PMID: 30382791 DOI: 10.1080/10376178.2018.1539337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grave disparities in smoking prevalence exist between indigenous Māori, Pacific Island peoples, and other New Zealanders. Primary care nurses routinely provide brief stop smoking interventions to achieve national targets but they are constrained by time. Innovations using new technologies offer opportunities to enhance brief interventions and improve uptake and outcomes. Objectives/Aims/Hypotheses: This study explored the feasibility of adding a novel scratch card and internet-based, quit and win contest with mobile phone support messages, to practice nurses' brief smoking cessation interventions. DESIGN Pragmatic exploratory mixed methods pilot study comprising a quantitative two-group comparison and qualitative interviews. METHODS In two intervention clinics, practice nurses added supportive mobile phone messages, novelty scratch cards to win online prizes and $1000 prize draw entry following 1 month smokefree, to routine brief stop smoking interventions. In three control clinics, patients who smoked received brief stop smoking interventions only. Practice nurses collected baseline and 1-month data describing patients' smoking status, quit attempts, and cessation support. Researchers conducted qualitative interviews with two nurses and ten patients and collected 3-month data. RESULTS Five primary care clinics recruited 67 smokers (37 intervention; 30 control). The contest was readily incorporated into nurses' practice. It appealed to nurses and Māori and Pacific Island patients, increased time to first cigarette, and attracted first time quitters. However, it had no extra effect on smoking cessation compared with usual care. Pacific Island patients' participation in the online elements was limited by low access to the internet. CONCLUSIONS While the exploratory study did not indicate the potential for triggering mass quitting, reduced dependency was suggested. The intervention attracted Māori and Pacific Island smokers and engaged first time quitters. Low cost, novelty activities could be used to refresh routine brief stop smoking interventions, and to motivate practice nurses to engage more smokers in quitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace Wong
- a School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences , Auckland University of Technology , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Marewa Glover
- b School of Health Sciences, College of Health , Massey University , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Mervyl McPherson
- a School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences , Auckland University of Technology , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Nick Garrett
- c Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences , Auckland University of Technology , Auckland , New Zealand
| | - Shona McLeod
- a School of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences , Auckland University of Technology , Auckland , New Zealand
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Pain management in acute otitis media: a qualitative study exploring GPs' views and expectations parallel to a trial of an educational intervention. BJGP Open 2018; 2:bjgpopen18X101620. [PMID: 30723805 PMCID: PMC6348326 DOI: 10.3399/bjgpopen18x101620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Optimal pain management is accepted as the cornerstone of acute otitis media (AOM) management, but analgesics are neither prescribed routinely nor explicitly recommended in day-to-day practice. Aim To explore GPs views on and expectations regarding pain management in children with AOM, and how a multifaceted educational intervention aimed at optimising pain management shapes these perceptions. Design & setting Qualitative study conducted alongside a cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT), the PIMPOM study, in the Netherlands. Method Twelve GPs were purposefully sampled from primary care centres allocated to the intervention group and were interviewed, using semi-structured, audio-recorded interviews. The intervention comprised a blended GP educational programme (internet-based and face-to-face training) aimed at discussing pain management proactively with parents using a parent information leaflet, and prescribing paracetamol and ibuprofen according to current guidelines. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically by a multidisciplinary team. Results GPs considered AOM a very painful condition. Initially, GPs felt unable to offer adequate treatment for AOM-related ear pain. The intervention provided tools, such as knowledge, communication skills, and an information leaflet, which reduced their feelings of helplessness and empowered them to manage childhood AOM more adequately. GPs indicated that the intervention led to a shift in focus from treating the infection with antibiotics to treating symptoms with analgesics. There was a general lack of knowledge about the possibility of prescribing ibuprofen to children. GPs expressed mixed views on prescribing this drug to children. Conclusion A primary-care based multifaceted educational intervention aimed at optimising pain management in childhood AOM offered GPs tools to optimise management of this condition and changed GPs perceptions, namely from treating the infection with antibiotics to treating symptoms.
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van Uum RT, Venekamp RP, Sjoukes A, van de Pol AC, de Wit GA, Schilder AGM, Damoiseaux RAMJ. Optimising pain management in children with acute otitis media through a primary care-based multifaceted educational intervention: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial. Trials 2018; 19:501. [PMID: 30223903 PMCID: PMC6142388 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-018-2880-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Whilst current guidelines highlight the importance of pain management for children with acute otitis media (AOM), there is evidence to suggest that this is not implemented in everyday practice. We have developed a primary care-based multifaceted educational intervention to optimise pain management in children with AOM, and we trial its clinical and cost effectiveness. Methods This cluster randomised controlled trial aims to recruit 250 children aged 6 months to 10 years presenting with AOM to general practitioners (GPs) in 30 primary care centres (PCCs) across the Netherlands. GPs in the PCCs allocated to the intervention group receive a blended GP educational programme (online and face-to-face training). The intervention asks GPs to proactively discuss pain management with parents using an information leaflet, and to prescribe paracetamol and ibuprofen according to current guidelines. GPs in both groups complete an online module illustrating various otoscopic images to standardise AOM diagnosis. GPs in the PCCs allocated to the control group do not receive any further training and provide ‘care as usual’. During the 4-week follow-up, parents complete a symptom diary. The primary outcome is the difference in parent-reported mean earache scores over the first 3 days. Secondary outcomes include both number of days with earache and fever, GP re-consultations for AOM, antibiotic prescriptions, and costs. Analysis will be by intention-to-treat. Discussion The optimal use of analgesics through the multifaceted intervention may provide symptom relief and thereby reduce re-consultations and antibiotic prescriptions in children with AOM. Trial registration Netherlands Trial Register, NTR4920. Registered on 19 December 2014. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13063-018-2880-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rick T van Uum
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Stratenum 5.143, PO Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Roderick P Venekamp
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Stratenum 5.143, PO Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alies Sjoukes
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Stratenum 5.143, PO Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Alma C van de Pol
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Stratenum 5.143, PO Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - G Ardine de Wit
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Stratenum 5.143, PO Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,Centre for Nutrition, Prevention and Healthcare, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Anne G M Schilder
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Stratenum 5.143, PO Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,evidENT, Ear Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Roger A M J Damoiseaux
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Stratenum 5.143, PO Box 85500, 3508, GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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