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Netherway T, Bengtsson J, Buegger F, Fritscher J, Oja J, Pritsch K, Hildebrand F, Krab EJ, Bahram M. Pervasive associations between dark septate endophytic fungi with tree root and soil microbiomes across Europe. Nat Commun 2024; 15:159. [PMID: 38167673 PMCID: PMC10761831 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44172-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Trees interact with a multitude of microbes through their roots and root symbionts such as mycorrhizal fungi and root endophytes. Here, we explore the role of fungal root symbionts as predictors of the soil and root-associated microbiomes of widespread broad-leaved trees across a European latitudinal gradient. Our results suggest that, alongside factors such as climate, soil, and vegetation properties, root colonization by ectomycorrhizal, arbuscular mycorrhizal, and dark septate endophytic fungi also shapes tree-associated microbiomes. Notably, the structure of root and soil microbiomes across our sites is more strongly and consistently associated with dark septate endophyte colonization than with mycorrhizal colonization and many abiotic factors. Root colonization by dark septate endophytes also has a consistent negative association with the relative abundance and diversity of nutrient cycling genes. Our study not only indicates that root-symbiotic interactions are an important factor structuring soil communities and functions in forest ecosystems, but also that the hitherto less studied dark septate endophytes are likely to be central players in these interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarquin Netherway
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ulls väg 16, 756 51, Uppsala, Sweden.
| | - Jan Bengtsson
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ulls väg 16, 756 51, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Franz Buegger
- Research Unit for Environmental Simulation (EUS), German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Joachim Fritscher
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7UQ, UK
- Digital Biology, Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Jane Oja
- Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 40 Lai St, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karin Pritsch
- Research Unit for Environmental Simulation (EUS), German Research Center for Environmental Health, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstaedter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Falk Hildebrand
- Quadram Institute Bioscience, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7UQ, UK
- Digital Biology, Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, Norfolk, NR4 7UQ, UK
| | - Eveline J Krab
- Department of Soil and Environment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Lennart Hjelms väg 9, 750 07, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mohammad Bahram
- Department of Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Ulls väg 16, 756 51, Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, 40 Lai St, Tartu, Estonia
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2
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Durodola B, Blumenstein K, Akinbobola A, Kolehmainen A, Chano V, Gailing O, Terhonen E. Beyond the surface: exploring the mycobiome of Norway spruce under drought stress and with Heterobasidion parviporum. BMC Microbiol 2023; 23:350. [PMID: 37978432 PMCID: PMC10655427 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-023-03099-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The mycobiome, comprising fungi inhabiting plants, potentially plays a crucial role in tree health and survival amidst environmental stressors like climate change and pathogenic fungi. Understanding the intricate relationships between trees and their microbial communities is essential for developing effective strategies to bolster the resilience and well-being of forest ecosystems as we adopt more sustainable forest management practices. The mycobiome can be considered an integral aspect of a tree's biology, closely linked to its genotype. To explore the influence of host genetics and environmental factors on fungal composition, we examined the mycobiome associated with phloem and roots of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) cuttings under varying watering conditions. To test the "mycobiome-associated-fitness" hypothesis, we compared seedlings artificially inoculated with Heterobasidion parviporum and control plants to evaluate mycobiome interaction on necrosis development. We aimed to 1) identify specific mycobiome species for the Norway spruce genotypes/families within the phloem and root tissues and their interactions with H. parviporum and 2) assess stability in the mycobiome species composition under abiotic disturbances (reduced water availability). The mycobiome was analyzed by sequencing the ribosomal ITS2 region. Our results revealed significant variations in the diversity and prevalence of the phloem mycobiome among different Norway spruce genotypes, highlighting the considerable impact of genetic variation on the composition and diversity of the phloem mycobiome. Additionally, specific mycobiome genera in the phloem showed variations in response to water availability, indicating the influence of environmental conditions on the relative proportion of certain fungal genera in Norway spruce trees. In the root mycobiome, key fungi such as Phialocephala fortinii and Paraphaeosphaeria neglecta were identified as conferring inhibitory effects against H. parviporum growth in Norway spruce genotypes. Furthermore, certain endophytes demonstrated greater stability in root ecosystems under low water conditions than ectomycorrhizal fungi. This knowledge can contribute to developing sustainable forest management practices that enhance the well-being of trees and their ecosystems, ultimately bolstering forest resilience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blessing Durodola
- Forest Pathology Research Group, Büsgen-Institute, Department of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
- Department of Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, Büsgen-Institute, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Kathrin Blumenstein
- Forest Pathology Research Group, Büsgen-Institute, Department of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Chair of Pathology of Trees, Institute of Forestry, Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, University of Freiburg, Bertoldstr. 17, 79098, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Adedolapo Akinbobola
- Forest Pathology Research Group, Büsgen-Institute, Department of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Anna Kolehmainen
- Forest Pathology Research Group, Büsgen-Institute, Department of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Victor Chano
- Department of Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, Büsgen-Institute, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Gailing
- Department of Forest Genetics and Forest Tree Breeding, Büsgen-Institute, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Eeva Terhonen
- Forest Pathology Research Group, Büsgen-Institute, Department of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Faculty of Forest Sciences and Forest Ecology, University of Göttingen, Büsgenweg 2, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Forest Health and Biodiversity, Latokartanonkaari 9, 00790, Helsinki, Finland
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Tan H, Bi Y, Zhang S, Wang S. Growth of alfalfa in the presence of metabolites from a dark septate endophyte strain Alternaria sp. 17463 cultured with a nonionic surfactant and emulsifier. J Appl Microbiol 2023; 134:lxad226. [PMID: 37793812 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
AIM Dark septate endophytes (DSE) were widely used in the agriculture and ecological restoration. The objective of this work was to assess the effect of culture media nonionic surfactant and emulsifier on the biomass and metabolites of DSE strain Alternaria sp. 17463. METHODS AND RESULTS Changes in the composition of DSE metabolites following the addition of Tween 80 during liquid culture of a DSE fungus were analyzed and used in growth tests of alfalfa.Shaking flask fermentation was carried out and the surfactant was fed to the fungus during the fermentation. The residual sugar content and pH declined significantly in the medium and the biomass of DSE increased by 7.27% over controls with no surfactant. Metabolomic analysis showed that adding the surfactant significantly increased the content of 63 metabolites (P < 0.05). These include lipids and lipid-like molecules, organooxygen compounds, amino acids and organic acids, and flavonoids. Enrichment analysis of metabolic pathways indicates that surfactant addition promoted carbohydrate metabolism and amino acid synthesis. A plant hydroponic experiment indicated that these changes in metabolites altered the root structure of alfalfa seedlings. They also promoted significant increases in root length and root surface area, and increased alfalfa total biomass by 50.2%. CONCLUSIONS The addition of the surfactant promoted sugar utilization by the DSE fungus and increased the synthesis of lipids and amino acids, resulting in the ability of the fungal metabolites to change root structure and promote plant growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Tan
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Support for Coal Green Exploitation, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
- Institute of Ecological Environment Restoration in Mine Areas of West China, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Yinli Bi
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Support for Coal Green Exploitation, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
- College of Geology and Environment, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
- Institute of Ecological Environment Restoration in Mine Areas of West China, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Shishuang Zhang
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Geological Support for Coal Green Exploitation, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
- Institute of Ecological Environment Restoration in Mine Areas of West China, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
| | - Shuhui Wang
- Institute of Ecological Environment Restoration in Mine Areas of West China, Xi'an University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710054, China
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Sun X, Zhao Y, Ding G. Morphogenesis and metabolomics reveal the compatible relationship among Suillus bovinus, Phialocephala fortinii, and their co-host, Pinus massoniana. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0145323. [PMID: 37676026 PMCID: PMC10580909 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01453-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungi and dark septate endophytes (DSEs) can both form a symbiotic relationship with the same host plant. However, the interactions that occur among these two types of fungi and their co-hosts are largely unknown. Here, we investigated interactions that occur among the ECM fungus Suillus bovinus, the DSE Phialocephala fortinii, and their co-host Pinus massoniana. We used both scanning electron microscopy and optical microscopy to characterize the morphogenesis of the two symbionts and employed the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technique to assess the effects of fungal inoculation on the root metabolome. Under pure culture conditions, no synergistic or antagonistic effects were observed between Phi. fortinii and S. bovinus. Generally, S. bovinus and Phi. fortinii can simultaneously colonize P. massoniana roots without affecting each other's symbiotic processes. S. bovinus can colonize the root locus where Phi. fortinii has already invaded but not vice versa, which may be due to the physical barrier effect of the mantle. Both fungi can significantly promote the growth of P. massoniana, and they have a synergistic effect on host N and K uptake. Metabolite accumulation patterns in roots inoculated with Phi. fortinii and/or S. bovinus were greatly altered, especially with respect to organic acids, flavonoids, lipids, and phenolic acids. S. bovinus inoculation significantly enhanced root flavonoid biosynthesis, whereas Phi. fortinii and dual-inoculation treatments mainly induced phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. These findings reveal compatible relationships among P. massoniana, S. bovinus, and Phi. fortinii, and suggest a theoretical basis for ECM fungi and DSE co-application when cultivating seedlings. IMPORTANCE The prevalence of both ectomycorrhizal fungi and dark septate endophytes in the roots of a wide spectrum of tree species is well recognized. In this study, we investigated the interactions that occur among the ECM fungus S. bovinus, the DSE Phi. fortinii, and their co-host, P. massoniana. The two fungi can simultaneously colonize P. massoniana roots without affecting each other's symbiotic processes. S. bovinus appears to be superior to Phi. fortinii in microniche competition, which may be due to the physical barrier effect of the mantle. The two fungi have different effects on root metabolite accumulation patterns. S. bovinus inoculation significantly enhanced root flavonoid biosynthesis, whereas Phi. fortinii and dual-inoculation treatments mainly induced phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. This is the first study revealing the morphological and metabolic mechanisms that contribute to the compatible relationship among ECM fungi, DSEs, and their co-host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueguang Sun
- Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yanzhen Zhao
- Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guijie Ding
- Institute for Forest Resources & Environment of Guizhou, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Forest Cultivation in Plateau Mountain of Guizhou Province, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
- College of Forestry, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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5
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Orumaa A, Agan A, Anslan S, Drenkhan T, Drenkhan R, Kauer K, Köster K, Tedersoo L, Metslaid M. Long-term effects of forest fires on fungal community and soil properties along a hemiboreal Scots pine forest fire chronosequence. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158173. [PMID: 35988616 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We studied long-term effects of forest fires on the dynamics of soil fungal community along a post-fire chronosequence in hemiboreal Scots pine stands in north-western Estonia. Effects of fire on soil and fungi were studied on six sites that differed in time since fire (10, 21, 36, 67, 78 and 181 years ago), without further management interventions. Soil fungal communities along the chronosequence were dominated by soil saprotrophs and ectomycorrhizal (EcM) fungi. Across the chronosequence, the most dominant phylum was Ascomycota. The most abundant OTUs were identified as Umbelopsis sp., Hyaloscyphaceae sp. and Pezoloma ericae with relative abundances of 9.5, 8.9 and 6.8 %, respectively. Fungal species richness was similar among sample areas except in the area where fire occurred 36 years ago, where it was significantly lower. There were considerable differences in EcM fungal species composition along the chronosequence. The most recently burned site had Piloderma sphaerosporum, Pseudotomentella sp. and Clavulinaceae sp. as most abundant EcM OTUs while in three oldest burned areas Clavulinaceae sp. and Cortinarius sp. were abundant. Soil C and N stocks were lower in the most recently burned area but differences with other areas were not statistically significant. Soil pH had a significant effect on fungal species composition. Older areas had substantially lower pH compared to more recently burned areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argo Orumaa
- Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Ahto Agan
- Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sten Anslan
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tiia Drenkhan
- Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia; Forest Health and Biodiversity, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Latokartanonkaari 9, FI-00790 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rein Drenkhan
- Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Karin Kauer
- Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kajar Köster
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Yliopistokatu 7 (Natura), 80130 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Leho Tedersoo
- Institute of Ecology and Earth Sciences, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marek Metslaid
- Institute of Forestry and Engineering, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwaldi 5, 51006 Tartu, Estonia
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6
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Xu L, Niu X, Li X, Zheng Y, Feng H, Fu Q, Zhou Y. Effects of nitrogen addition and root fungal inoculation on the seedling growth and rhizosphere soil microbial community of Pinus tabulaeformis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1013023. [PMID: 36338078 PMCID: PMC9626767 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1013023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) availability is significant in different ecosystems, but the response of forest plant-microbial symbionts to global N deposition remains largely unexplored. In this study, the effects of different N concentration levels on four types of fungi, Suillus granulatus (Sg), Pisolithus tinctorius (Pt), Pleotrichocladium opacum (Po), and Pseudopyrenochaeta sp. (Ps), isolated from the roots of Pinus tabulaeformis were investigated in vitro. Then, the effects of the fungi on the growth performance, nutrient uptake, and rhizosphere soil microbial community structure of P. tabulaeformis under different N addition conditions (0, 40, and 80 kg hm−2 year−1) were examined. The biomass and phytohormone contents of the Sg, Pt and Po strains increased with increasing N concentration, while those of the Ps strain first increased and then decreased. All four fungal strains could effectively colonize the plant roots and form a strain-dependent symbiosis with P. tabulaeformis. Although the effects depended on the fungal species, the growth and root development of inoculated seedlings were higher than those of uninoculated seedlings under N deficiency and normal N supply conditions. However, these positive effects disappeared and even became negative under high N supply conditions. The inoculation of the four fungal strains also showed significant positive effects on the shoot and root nutrient contents of P. tabulaeformis. Fungal inoculation significantly increased different microbial groups and the total soil microorganisms but decreased the microbial diversity under N deficiency stress. In summary, exogenous symbiotic fungal inoculations could increase the growth performance of P. tabulaeformis under N deficiency and normal N supply conditions, but the effects were negative under excessive N addition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingjie Xu
- Country College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xiaoyun Niu
- Country College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Xia Li
- School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, China
| | - Yanyan Zheng
- Country College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Hualei Feng
- Country College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Country College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Country College of Landscape Architecture and Tourism, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- *Correspondence: Yong Zhou,
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7
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Eardly BD, Cloutier M, Chung TJ, Roitman S, Vieira FR, Bruns MA. Ectomycorrhizal diversity on the roots of Pitch pine (
Pinus rigida
Mill.) saplings as influenced by remediation and soil metal content. Restor Ecol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.13695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand D. Eardly
- Division of Science, Berks College The Pennsylvania State University Reading PA 19610 USA
| | - Mara Cloutier
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Tae Jung Chung
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Sofia Roitman
- Department of Biology, The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Fabricio Rocha Vieira
- Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology, The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Mary Ann Bruns
- Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
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Advances in the Role of Dark Septate Endophytes in the Plant Resistance to Abiotic and Biotic Stresses. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:jof7110939. [PMID: 34829226 PMCID: PMC8622582 DOI: 10.3390/jof7110939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Endophytic fungi have been studied in recent decades to understand how they interact with their hosts, the types of relationships they establish, and the potential effects of this interaction. Dark septate endophytes (DSE) are isolated from healthy plants and form melanised structures in the roots, including inter- and intracellular hyphae and microsclerotia, causing low host specificity and covering a wide geographic range. Many studies have revealed beneficial relationships between DSE and their hosts, such as enhanced plant growth, nutrient uptake, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. Furthermore, in recent decades, studies have revealed the ability of DSE to mitigate the negative effects of crop diseases, thereby highlighting DSE as potential biocontrol agents of plant diseases (BCAs). Given the importance of these fungi in nature, this article is a review of the role of DSE as BCAs. The findings of increasing numbers of studies on these fungi and their relationships with their plant hosts are also discussed to enable their use as a tool for the integrated management of crop diseases and pests.
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9
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Role of Useful Fungi in Agriculture Sustainability. Fungal Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-60659-6_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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Barberis L, Michalet S, Piola F, Binet P. Root fungal endophytes: identity, phylogeny and roles in plant tolerance to metal stress. Fungal Biol 2020; 125:326-345. [PMID: 33766311 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Metal trace elements accumulate in soils mainly because of anthropic activities, leading living organisms to develop strategies to handle metal toxicity. Plants often associate with root endophytic fungi, including nonmycorrhizal fungi, and some of these organisms are associated with metal tolerance. The lack of synthetic analyses of plant-endophyte-metal tripartite systems and the scant consideration for taxonomy led to this review aiming (1) to inventory non-mycorrhizal root fungal endophytes described with respect to their taxonomic diversity and (2) to determine the mutualistic roles of these plant-fungus associations under metal stress. More than 1500 species in 100 orders (mainly Hypocreales and Pleosporales) were reported from a wide variety of environments and hosts. Most reported endophytes had a positive effect on their host under metal stress, but with various effects on metal uptake or translocation and no clear taxonomic consistency. Future research considering the functional patterns and dynamics of these associations is thus encouraged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise Barberis
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR5023 LEHNA, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Serge Michalet
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5557 Écologie microbienne, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Florence Piola
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, ENTPE, UMR5023 LEHNA, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Philippe Binet
- Université de Bourgogne-Franche-Comté, CNRS-UFC, UMR6249 Chrono-environnement, Montbéliard, France.
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11
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He C, Wang W, Hou J. Plant performance of enhancing licorice with dual inoculating dark septate endophytes and Trichoderma viride mediated via effects on root development. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:325. [PMID: 32646473 PMCID: PMC7346674 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02535-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess whether licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) can benefit from dual inoculation by Trichoderma viride and dark septate endophytes (DSE) isolated from other medicinal plants. METHODS First, we isolated and identified three DSE (Paraboeremia putaminum, Scytalidium lignicola, and Phoma herbarum) and Trichoderma viride from medicinal plants growing in farmland of China. Second, we investigated the influences of these three DSE on the performance of licorice at different T. viride densities (1 × 106, 1 × 107, and 1 × 108 CFU/mL) under sterilised condition in a growth chamber. RESULTS Three DSE strains could colonize the roots of licorice, and they established a positive symbiosis with host plants depending on DSE species and T. viride densities. Inoculation of P. putaminum increased the root biomass, length, surface area, and root:shoot ratio. S. lignicola increased the root length, diameter and surface area and decreased the root:shoot ratio. P. herbarum increased the root biomass and surface area. T. viride increased the root biomass, length, and surface area. Structural equation model (SEM) analysis showed that DSE associated with T. viride augmented plant biomass and height, shoot branching, and root surface area. Variations in root morphology and biomass were attributed to differences in DSE species and T. viride density among treatments. P. putaminum or P. herbarum with low- or medium T. viride density and S. lignicola with low- or high T. viride density improved licorice root morphology and biomass. CONCLUSIONS DSE isolated from other medicinal plants enhanced the root growth of licorice plants under different densities T. viride conditions and may also be used to promote the cultivation of medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao He
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Wenquan Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100193, China.
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Junling Hou
- School of Chinese Pharmacy, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China
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