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Murakoshi Y, Saso Y, Matsumoto M, Yamanaka K, Yotsui I, Sakata Y, Taji T. CAD1 contributes to osmotic tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana by suppressing immune responses under osmotic stress. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 717:150049. [PMID: 38714014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024]
Abstract
Acquired osmotolerance induced by initial exposure to mild salt stress is widespread across Arabidopsis thaliana ecotypes, but the mechanism underlying it remains poorly understood. To clarify it, we isolated acquired osmotolerance-deficient 1 (aod1), a mutant highly sensitive to osmotic stress, from ion-beam-irradiated seeds of Zu-0, an ecotype known for its remarkably high osmotolerance. Aod1 showed growth inhibition with spotted necrotic lesions on the rosette leaves under normal growth conditions on soil. However, its tolerance to salt and oxidative stresses was similar to that of the wild type (WT). Genetic and genome sequencing analyses suggested that the gene causing aod1 is identical to CONSTITUTIVELY ACTIVATED CELL DEATH 1 (CAD1). Complementation with the WT CAD1 gene restored the growth and osmotolerance of aod1, indicating that mutated CAD1 is responsible for the observed phenotypes in aod1. Although CAD1 is known to act as a negative regulator of immune response, transcript levels in the WT increased in response to osmotic stress. Aod1 displayed enhanced immune response and cell death under normal growth conditions, whereas the expression profiles of osmotic response genes were comparable to those of the WT. These findings suggest that autoimmunity in aod1 is detrimental to osmotolerance. Overall, our results suggest that CAD1 negatively regulates immune responses under osmotic stress, contributing to osmotolerance in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Murakoshi
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Saso
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Minamo Matsumoto
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuha Yamanaka
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Izumi Yotsui
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sakata
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Teruaki Taji
- Department of Bioscience, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan.
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Khojasteh M, Darzi Ramandi H, Taghavi SM, Taheri A, Rahmanzadeh A, Chen G, Foolad MR, Osdaghi E. Unraveling the genetic basis of quantitative resistance to diseases in tomato: a meta-QTL analysis and mining of transcript profiles. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2024; 43:184. [PMID: 38951262 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-024-03268-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Whole-genome QTL mining and meta-analysis in tomato for resistance to bacterial and fungal diseases identified 73 meta-QTL regions with significantly refined/reduced confidence intervals. Tomato production is affected by a range of biotic stressors, causing yield losses and quality reductions. While sources of genetic resistance to many tomato diseases have been identified and characterized, stability of the resistance genes or quantitative trait loci (QTLs) across the resources has not been determined. Here, we examined 491 QTLs previously reported for resistance to tomato diseases in 40 independent studies and 54 unique mapping populations. We identified 29 meta-QTLs (MQTLs) for resistance to bacterial pathogens and 44 MQTLs for resistance to fungal pathogens, and were able to reduce the average confidence interval (CI) of the QTLs by 4.1-fold and 6.7-fold, respectively, compared to the average CI of the original QTLs. The corresponding physical length of the CIs of MQTLs ranged from 56 kb to 6.37 Mb, with a median of 921 kb, of which 27% had a CI lower than 500 kb and 53% had a CI lower than 1 Mb. Comparison of defense responses between tomato and Arabidopsis highlighted 73 orthologous genes in the MQTL regions, which were putatively determined to be involved in defense against bacterial and fungal diseases. Intriguingly, multiple genes were identified in some MQTL regions that are implicated in plant defense responses, including PR-P2, NDR1, PDF1.2, Pip1, SNI1, PTI5, NSL1, DND1, CAD1, SlACO, DAD1, SlPAL, Ph-3, EDS5/SID1, CHI-B/PR-3, Ph-5, ETR1, WRKY29, and WRKY25. Further, we identified a number of candidate resistance genes in the MQTL regions that can be useful for both marker/gene-assisted breeding as well as cloning and genetic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Khojasteh
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71441-65186, Iran
- School of Agriculture and Biology/State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Department of Plant Protection, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran
| | - Hadi Darzi Ramandi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, P.O. Box 657833131, Hamedan, Iran
- Department of Molecular Physiology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran
| | - S Mohsen Taghavi
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71441-65186, Iran.
| | - Ayat Taheri
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Plant Biotechnology Research Center, Fudan-SJTU-Nottingham Plant Biotechnology R&D Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Asma Rahmanzadeh
- Department of Plant Protection, School of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, 71441-65186, Iran
- Department of Plant Protection, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran
| | - Gongyou Chen
- School of Agriculture and Biology/State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Majid R Foolad
- Department of Plant Science and the Intercollege Graduate Degree Program in Plant Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA.
| | - Ebrahim Osdaghi
- Department of Plant Protection, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-77871, Iran.
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Simmons CR, Herman RA. Non-seed plants are emerging gene sources for agriculture and insect control proteins. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 116:23-37. [PMID: 37309832 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The non-seed plants (e.g., charophyte algae, bryophytes, and ferns) have multiple human uses, but their contributions to agriculture and research have lagged behind seed plants. While sharing broadly conserved biology with seed plants and the major crops, non-seed plants sometimes possess alternative molecular and physiological adaptations. These adaptations may guide crop improvements. One such area is the presence of multiple classes of insecticidal proteins found in non-seed plant genomes which are either absent or widely diverged in seed plants. There are documented uses of non-seed plants, and ferns for example have been used in human diets. Among the occasional identifiable toxins or antinutritive components present in non-seed plants, none include these insecticidal proteins. Apart from these discrete risk factors which can be addressed in the safety assessment, there should be no general safety concern about sourcing genes from non-seed plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl R Simmons
- Corteva Agriscience, Trait Discovery, Johnston, Iowa, 50131, USA
| | - Rod A Herman
- Corteva Agriscience, Regulatory and Stewardship, Johnston, Iowa, 50131, USA
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Ma S, Guo Y, Liu D, Zhang X, Guo J, Zhang T, Lai L, Li Y, Chen Q, Yu L. Genome-Wide Analysis of the Membrane Attack Complex and Perforin Genes and Their Expression Pattern under Stress in the Solanaceae. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13193. [PMID: 37686000 PMCID: PMC10487776 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The Membrane Attack Complex and Perforin (MACPF) proteins play a crucial role in plant development and adaptation to environmental stresses. Heretofore, few MACPF genes have been functionally identified, leaving gaps in our understanding of MACPF genes in other plants, particularly in the Solanaceae family, which includes economically and culturally significant species, such as tomato, potato, and pepper. In this study, we have identified 26 MACPF genes in three Solanaceae species and in the water lily, which serves as the base group for angiosperms. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that angiosperm MACPF genes could be categorized into three distinct groups, with another moss and spikemoss lineage-specific group, which is further supported by the examination of gene structures and domain or motif organizations. Through inter-genome collinearity analysis, it is determined that there are 12 orthologous SolMACPF gene pairs. The expansion of SolMACPF genes is primarily attributed to dispersed duplications, with purifying selection identified as the principal driving force in their evolutionary process, as indicated by the ω values. Furthermore, the analysis of expression patterns revealed that Solanaceae genes are preferentially expressed in reproductive tissues and regulated by various environmental stimuli, particularly induced by submergence. Taken together, these findings offer valuable insights into and a fresh perspective on the evolution and function of SolMACPF genes, thereby establishing a foundation for further investigations into their phenotypic and functional characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Lujun Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China; (S.M.); (Y.G.); (D.L.); (X.Z.); (J.G.); (T.Z.); (L.L.); (Y.L.); (Q.C.)
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George J, Stegmann M, Monaghan J, Bailey-Serres J, Zipfel C. Arabidopsis translation initiation factor binding protein CBE1 negatively regulates accumulation of the NADPH oxidase respiratory burst oxidase homolog D. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105018. [PMID: 37423301 PMCID: PMC10432800 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell surface pattern recognition receptors sense invading pathogens by binding microbial or endogenous elicitors to activate plant immunity. These responses are under tight control to avoid excessive or untimely activation of cellular responses, which may otherwise be detrimental to host cells. How this fine-tuning is accomplished is an area of active study. We previously described a suppressor screen that identified Arabidopsis thaliana mutants with regained immune signaling in the immunodeficient genetic background bak1-5, which we named modifier of bak1-5 (mob) mutants. Here, we report that bak1-5 mob7 mutant restores elicitor-induced signaling. Using a combination of map-based cloning and whole-genome resequencing, we identified MOB7 as conserved binding of eIF4E1 (CBE1), a plant-specific protein that interacts with the highly conserved eukaryotic translation initiation factor eIF4E1. Our data demonstrate that CBE1 regulates the accumulation of respiratory burst oxidase homolog D, the NADPH oxidase responsible for elicitor-induced apoplastic reactive oxygen species production. Furthermore, several mRNA decapping and translation initiation factors colocalize with CBE1 and similarly regulate immune signaling. This study thus identifies a novel regulator of immune signaling and provides new insights into reactive oxygen species regulation, potentially through translational control, during plant stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeoffrey George
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom; Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Stegmann
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Jacqueline Monaghan
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom
| | - Julia Bailey-Serres
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California, USA
| | - Cyril Zipfel
- The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, United Kingdom; Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Overexpression of the Arabidopsis MACPF Protein AtMACP2 Promotes Pathogen Resistance by Activating SA Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158784. [PMID: 35955922 PMCID: PMC9369274 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune response in plants is tightly regulated by the coordination of the cell surface and intracellular receptors. In animals, the membrane attack complex/perforin-like (MACPF) protein superfamily creates oligomeric pore structures on the cell surface during pathogen infection. However, the function and molecular mechanism of MACPF proteins in plant pathogen responses remain largely unclear. In this study, we identified an Arabidopsis MACP2 and investigated the responsiveness of this protein during both bacterial and fungal pathogens. We suggest that MACP2 induces programmed cell death, bacterial pathogen resistance, and necrotrophic fungal pathogen sensitivity by activating the biosynthesis of tryptophan-derived indole glucosinolates and the salicylic acid signaling pathway dependent on the activity of enhanced disease susceptibility 1 (EDS1). Moreover, the response of MACP2 mRNA isoforms upon pathogen attack is differentially regulated by a posttranscriptional mechanism: alternative splicing. In comparison to previously reported MACPFs in Arabidopsis, MACP2 shares a redundant but nonoverlapping role in plant immunity. Thus, our findings provide novel insights and genetic tools for the MACPF family in maintaining SA accumulation in response to pathogens in Arabidopsis.
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Freh M, Gao J, Petersen M, Panstruga R. Plant autoimmunity-fresh insights into an old phenomenon. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 188:1419-1434. [PMID: 34958371 PMCID: PMC8896616 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The plant immune system is well equipped to ward off the attacks of different types of phytopathogens. It primarily relies on two types of immune sensors-plasma membrane-resident receptor-like kinases and intracellular nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLRs) receptors that engage preferentially in pattern- and effector-triggered immunity, respectively. Delicate fine-tuning, in particular of the NLR-governed branch of immunity, is key to prevent inappropriate and deleterious activation of plant immune responses. Inadequate NLR allele constellations, such as in the case of hybrid incompatibility, and the mis-activation of NLRs or the absence or modification of proteins guarded by these NLRs can result in the spontaneous initiation of plant defense responses and cell death-a phenomenon referred to as plant autoimmunity. Here, we review recent insights augmenting our mechanistic comprehension of plant autoimmunity. The recent findings broaden our understanding regarding hybrid incompatibility, unravel candidates for proteins likely guarded by NLRs and underline the necessity for the fine-tuning of NLR expression at various levels to avoid autoimmunity. We further present recently emerged tools to study plant autoimmunity and draw a cross-kingdom comparison to the role of NLRs in animal autoimmune conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Freh
- Institute for Biology I, Unit of Plant Molecular Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52056, Germany
| | - Jinlan Gao
- Institute of Biology, Functional Genomics, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Morten Petersen
- Institute of Biology, Functional Genomics, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen 2200, Denmark
| | - Ralph Panstruga
- Institute for Biology I, Unit of Plant Molecular Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen 52056, Germany
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