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López Hernández JF, Rubinstein BY, Unckless RL, Zanders SE. Modeling the evolution of Schizosaccharomyces pombe populations with multiple killer meiotic drivers. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2024; 14:jkae142. [PMID: 38938172 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkae142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Meiotic drivers are selfish genetic loci that can be transmitted to more than half of the viable gametes produced by a heterozygote. This biased transmission gives meiotic drivers an evolutionary advantage that can allow them to spread over generations until all members of a population carry the driver. This evolutionary power can also be exploited to modify natural populations using synthetic drivers known as "gene drives." Recently, it has become clear that natural drivers can spread within genomes to birth multicopy gene families. To understand intragenomic spread of drivers, we model the evolution of 2 or more distinct meiotic drivers in a population. We employ the wtf killer meiotic drivers from Schizosaccharomyces pombe, which are multicopy in all sequenced isolates, as models. We find that a duplicate wtf driver identical to the parent gene can spread in a population unless, or until, the original driver is fixed. When the duplicate driver diverges to be distinct from the parent gene, we find that both drivers spread to fixation under most conditions, but both drivers can be lost under some conditions. Finally, we show that stronger drivers make weaker drivers go extinct in most, but not all, polymorphic populations with absolutely linked drivers. These results reveal the strong potential for natural meiotic drive loci to duplicate and diverge within genomes. Our findings also highlight duplication potential as a factor to consider in the design of synthetic gene drives.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Boris Y Rubinstein
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 East 50th Street, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Robert L Unckless
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, 1200 Sunnyside Avenue, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA
| | - Sarah E Zanders
- Stowers Institute for Medical Research, 1000 East 50th Street, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA
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2
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Dehaene N, Boussardon C, Andrey P, Charif D, Brandt D, Gilouppe Taillefer C, Nietzel T, Ricou A, Simon M, Tran J, Vezon D, Camilleri C, Arimura SI, Schwarzländer M, Budar F. The mitochondrial orf117Sha gene desynchronizes pollen development and causes pollen abortion in Arabidopsis Sha cytoplasmic male sterility. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:4851-4872. [PMID: 38733289 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is of major agronomical relevance in hybrid breeding. In gametophytic CMS, abortion of pollen is determined by the grain genotype, while in sporophytic CMS, it is determined by the mother plant genotype. While several CMS mechanisms have been dissected at the molecular level, gametophytic CMS has not been straightforwardly accessible. We used the gametophytic Sha-CMS in Arabidopsis to characterize the cause and process of pollen abortion by implementing in vivo biosensing in single pollen and mitoTALEN mutagenesis. We obtained conclusive evidence that orf117Sha is the CMS-causing gene, despite distinct characteristics from other CMS genes. We measured the in vivo cytosolic ATP content in single pollen, followed pollen development, and analyzed pollen mitochondrial volume in two genotypes that differed only by the presence of the orf117Sha locus. Our results showed that the Sha-CMS is not triggered by ATP deficiency. Instead, we observed desynchronization of a pollen developmental program. Pollen death occurred independently in pollen grains at diverse stages and was preceded by mitochondrial swelling. We conclude that pollen death is grain-autonomous in Sha-CMS and propose that mitochondrial permeability transition, which was previously described as a hallmark of developmental and environmental-triggered cell death programs, precedes pollen death in Sha-CMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Dehaene
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Clément Boussardon
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Philippe Andrey
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Delphine Charif
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Dennis Brandt
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143 Münster, Germany
| | - Clémence Gilouppe Taillefer
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Thomas Nietzel
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143 Münster, Germany
| | - Anthony Ricou
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Matthieu Simon
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Joseph Tran
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Daniel Vezon
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Christine Camilleri
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Shin-Ichi Arimura
- Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, University of Münster, Schlossplatz 8, D-48143 Münster, Germany
| | - Françoise Budar
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), 78000, Versailles, France
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3
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Wang H, Planche L, Shchur V, Nielsen R. Selfing Promotes Spread and Introgression of Segregation Distorters in Hermaphroditic Plants. Mol Biol Evol 2024; 41:msae132. [PMID: 38935581 PMCID: PMC11226791 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msae132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Segregation distorters (SDs) are genetic elements that distort the Mendelian segregation ratio to favor their own transmission and are able to spread even when they incur fitness costs on organisms carrying them. Depending on the biology of the host organisms and the genetic architecture of the SDs, the population dynamics of SDs can be highly variable. Inbreeding is considered an effective mechanism for inhibiting the spread of SDs in populations, and can evolve as a defense mechanism against SDs in some systems. However, we show that inbreeding in the form of selfing in fact promotes the spread of SDs acting as pollen killers in a toxin-antidote system in hermaphroditic plants by two mechanisms: (i) By reducing the effective recombination rate between killer and antidote loci in the two-locus system and (ii) by increasing the proportion of SD alleles in individual flowers, rather than in the general gene-pool. We also show that in rice (Oryza sativa L.), a typical hermaphroditic plant, all molecularly characterized SDs associated with pollen killing were involved in population hybridization and have introgressed across different species. Paradoxically, these loci, which are associated with hybrid incompatibility and can be thought of as Bateson-Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibility loci are expected to reduce gene-flow between species, in fact cross species boundaries more frequently than random loci, and may act as important drivers of introgression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongru Wang
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
- State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System, Environment and Resources (TPESER), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- Department of Integrative Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Léo Planche
- Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Sciences du Numérique, Université Paris Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Vladimir Shchur
- International laboratory of statistical and computational genomics, HSE University, Moscow 109028, Russian Federation
| | - Rasmus Nielsen
- Department of Integrative Biology, UC Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
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Oberhofer G, Johnson ML, Ivy T, Antoshechkin I, Hay BA. Cleave and Rescue gamete killers create conditions for gene drive in plants. NATURE PLANTS 2024; 10:936-953. [PMID: 38886522 DOI: 10.1038/s41477-024-01701-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Gene drive elements promote the spread of linked traits and can be used to change the composition or fate of wild populations. Cleave and Rescue (ClvR) drive elements sit at a fixed chromosomal position and include a DNA sequence-modifying enzyme such as Cas9/gRNAs that disrupts endogenous versions of an essential gene and a recoded version of the essential gene resistant to cleavage. ClvR spreads by creating conditions in which those lacking ClvR die because they lack functional versions of the essential gene. Here we demonstrate the essential features of the ClvR gene drive in the plant Arabidopsis thaliana through killing of gametes that fail to inherit a ClvR that targets the essential gene YKT61. Resistant alleles, which can slow or prevent drive, were not observed. Modelling shows plant ClvRs are robust to certain failure modes and can be used to rapidly drive population modification or suppression. Possible applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georg Oberhofer
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Michelle L Johnson
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Tobin Ivy
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Igor Antoshechkin
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Bruce A Hay
- Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
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Myint ZM, Koide Y, Takanishi W, Ikegaya T, Kwan C, Hikichi K, Tokuyama Y, Okada S, Onishi K, Ishikawa R, Fujita D, Yamagata Y, Matsumura H, Kishima Y, Kanazawa A. OlCHR, encoding a chromatin remodeling factor, is a killer causing hybrid sterility between rice species Oryza sativa and O. longistaminata. iScience 2024; 27:109761. [PMID: 38706863 PMCID: PMC11067373 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The genetic mechanisms of reproductive isolation have been widely investigated within Asian cultivated rice (Oryza sativa); however, relevant genes between diverged species have been in sighted rather less. Herein, a gene showing selfish behavior was discovered in hybrids between the distantly related rice species Oryza longistaminata and O. sativa. The selfish allele S13l in the S13 locus impaired male fertility, discriminately eliminating pollens containing the allele S13s from O. sativa in heterozygotes (S13s/S13l). Genetic analysis revealed that a gene encoding a chromatin-remodeling factor (CHR) is involved in this phenomenon and a variety of O. sativa owns the truncated gene OsCHR745, whereas its homologue OlCHR has a complete structure in O. longistaminata. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated loss of function mutants restored fertility in hybrids. African cultivated rice, which naturally lacks the OlCHR homologue, is compatible with both S13s and S13l carriers. These results suggest that OlCHR is a Killer gene, which leads to reproductive isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zin Mar Myint
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yohei Koide
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Wakana Takanishi
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Tomohito Ikegaya
- National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Choi Kwan
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kiwamu Hikichi
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Tokuyama
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shuhei Okada
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Kazumitsu Onishi
- Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Ryo Ishikawa
- Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, Kobe, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Yuji Kishima
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Akira Kanazawa
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Lian Q, Huettel B, Walkemeier B, Mayjonade B, Lopez-Roques C, Gil L, Roux F, Schneeberger K, Mercier R. A pan-genome of 69 Arabidopsis thaliana accessions reveals a conserved genome structure throughout the global species range. Nat Genet 2024; 56:982-991. [PMID: 38605175 PMCID: PMC11096106 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-024-01715-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Although originally primarily a system for functional biology, Arabidopsis thaliana has, owing to its broad geographical distribution and adaptation to diverse environments, developed into a powerful model in population genomics. Here we present chromosome-level genome assemblies of 69 accessions from a global species range. We found that genomic colinearity is very conserved, even among geographically and genetically distant accessions. Along chromosome arms, megabase-scale rearrangements are rare and typically present only in a single accession. This indicates that the karyotype is quasi-fixed and that rearrangements in chromosome arms are counter-selected. Centromeric regions display higher structural dynamics, and divergences in core centromeres account for most of the genome size variations. Pan-genome analyses uncovered 32,986 distinct gene families, 60% being present in all accessions and 40% appearing to be dispensable, including 18% private to a single accession, indicating unexplored genic diversity. These 69 new Arabidopsis thaliana genome assemblies will empower future genetic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qichao Lian
- Department of Chromosome Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bruno Huettel
- Max Planck-Genome-centre Cologne, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Birgit Walkemeier
- Department of Chromosome Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Baptiste Mayjonade
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microbes-Environnement, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | | | - Lisa Gil
- INRAE, GeT-PlaGe, Genotoul, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Fabrice Roux
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microbes-Environnement, Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement, CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Korbinian Schneeberger
- Department of Chromosome Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany.
- Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
| | - Raphael Mercier
- Department of Chromosome Biology, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, Cologne, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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7
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Montazeaud G, Keller L. Greenbeards in plants? THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:870-877. [PMID: 38403933 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Greenbeards are selfish genetic elements that make their bearers behave either altruistically towards individuals bearing similar greenbeard copies or harmfully towards individuals bearing different copies. They were first proposed by W. D. Hamilton over 50 yr ago, to illustrate that kin selection may operate at the level of single genes. Examples of greenbeards have now been reported in a wide range of taxa, but they remain undocumented in plants. In this paper, we discuss the theoretical likelihood of greenbeard existence in plants. We then question why the greenbeard concept has never been applied to plants and speculate on how hypothetical greenbeards could affect plant-plant interactions. Finally, we point to different research directions to improve our knowledge of greenbeards in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germain Montazeaud
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
- AGAP, Univ Montpellier, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, 34000, France
| | - Laurent Keller
- Social Evolution Unit, Cornuit 8, BP 855, Chesières, Switzerland
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8
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Coughlan JM. The role of conflict in shaping plant biodiversity. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 240:2210-2217. [PMID: 37667567 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Although intrinsic postzygotic reproductive barriers can play a fundamental role in speciation, their underlying evolutionary causes are widely debated. One hypothesis is that incompatibilities result from genomic conflicts. Here, I synthesize the evidence that conflict generates incompatibilities in plants, thus playing a creative role in plant biodiversity. While much evidence supports a role for conflict in several classes of incompatibility, integrating knowledge of incompatibility alleles with natural history can provide further essential tests. Moreover, comparative work can shed light on the relative importance of conflict in causing incompatibilities, including the extent to which their evolution is repeatable. Together, these approaches can provide independent lines of evidence that conflict causes incompatibilities, cementing its role in plant speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenn M Coughlan
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
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9
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You S, Zhao Z, Yu X, Zhu S, Wang J, Lei D, Zhou J, Li J, Chen H, Xiao Y, Chen W, Wang Q, Lu J, Chen K, Zhou C, Zhang X, Cheng Z, Guo X, Ren Y, Zheng X, Liu S, Liu X, Tian Y, Jiang L, Tao D, Wu C, Wan J. A toxin-antidote system contributes to interspecific reproductive isolation in rice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7528. [PMID: 37980335 PMCID: PMC10657391 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43015-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Breakdown of reproductive isolation facilitates flow of useful trait genes into crop plants from their wild relatives. Hybrid sterility, a major form of reproductive isolation exists between cultivated rice (Oryza sativa) and wild rice (O. meridionalis, Mer). Here, we report the cloning of qHMS1, a quantitative trait locus controlling hybrid male sterility between these two species. Like qHMS7, another locus we cloned previously, qHMS1 encodes a toxin-antidote system, but differs in the encoded proteins, their evolutionary origin, and action time point during pollen development. In plants heterozygous at qHMS1, ~ 50% of pollens carrying qHMS1-D (an allele from cultivated rice) are selectively killed. In plants heterozygous at both qHMS1 and qHMS7, ~ 75% pollens without co-presence of qHMS1-Mer and qHMS7-D are selectively killed, indicating that the antidotes function in a toxin-dependent manner. Our results indicate that different toxin-antidote systems provide stacked reproductive isolation for maintaining species identity and shed light on breakdown of hybrid male sterility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shimin You
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhigang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xiaowen Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dekun Lei
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiawu Zhou
- Yunnan Seed Laboratory/Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (YAAS), Kunming, 650200, P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- Yunnan Seed Laboratory/Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (YAAS), Kunming, 650200, P. R. China
| | - Haiyuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yanjia Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Weiwei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qiming Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jiayu Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Keyi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Chunlei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhijun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiuping Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yulong Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xiaoming Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shijia Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Xi Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yunlu Tian
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ling Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Dayun Tao
- Yunnan Seed Laboratory/Yunnan Key Laboratory for Rice Genetic Improvement, Food Crops Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences (YAAS), Kunming, 650200, P. R. China.
| | - Chuanyin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Jianmin Wan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory, Nanjing, 210095, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Breeding, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100081, China.
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