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Fila M, Pawlowska E, Szczepanska J, Blasiak J. Different Aspects of Aging in Migraine. Aging Dis 2023; 14:2028-2050. [PMID: 37199585 PMCID: PMC10676778 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a common neurological disease displaying an unusual dependence on age. For most patients, the peak intensity of migraine headaches occurs in 20s and lasts until 40s, but then headache attacks become less intense, occur less frequently and the disease is more responsive to therapy. This relationship is valid in both females and males, although the prevalence of migraine in the former is 2-4 times greater than the latter. Recent concepts present migraine not only as a pathological event, but rather as a part of evolutionary adaptive response to protect organism against consequences of stress-induced brain energy deficit. However, these concepts do not fully explain that unusual dependence of migraine prevalence on age. Many aspects of aging, both molecular/cellular and social/cognitive, are interwound in migraine pathogenesis, but they neither explain why only some persons are affected by migraine, nor suggest any causal relationship. In this narrative/hypothesis review we present information on associations of migraine with chronological aging, brain aging, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion as well as social, cognitive, epigenetic, and metabolic aging. We also underline the role of oxidative stress in these associations. We hypothesize that migraine affects only individuals who have inborn, genetic/epigenetic, or acquired (traumas, shocks or complexes) migraine predispositions. These predispositions weakly depend on age and affected individuals are more prone to migraine triggers than others. Although the triggers can be related to many aspects of aging, social aging may play a particularly important role as the prevalence of its associated stress has a similar age-dependence as the prevalence of migraine. Moreover, social aging was shown to be associated with oxidative stress, important in many aspects of aging. In perspective, molecular mechanisms underlying social aging should be further explored and related to migraine with a closer association with migraine predisposition and difference in prevalence by sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Fila
- Department of Developmental Neurology and Epileptology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Elzbieta Pawlowska
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Szczepanska
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Medical University of Lodz, 92-216 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Janusz Blasiak
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236, Lodz, Poland.
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Santiago J, Silva JV, Alves MG, Oliveira PF, Fardilha M. Testicular Aging: An Overview of Ultrastructural, Cellular, and Molecular Alterations. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2020; 74:860-871. [PMID: 29688289 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/gly082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The trend in parenthood at an older age is increasing for both men and women in developed countries, raising concerns about the reproductive ability, and the consequences for the offspring's health. While reproductive activity in women stops with menopause, a complete cessation of the reproductive potential does not occur in men. Although several studies have been published on the effects of aging on semen parameters and spermatozoa DNA integrity, literature on impact of aging on the testis, particularly cellular, and molecular alterations, has been, so far, limited and controversial. This work discusses the current knowledge on testicular aging in humans and other mammals, covering topics from tissue ultrastructure, to cellular and molecular alterations. Aging affects male reproductive function at multiple levels, from sperm production and quality, to the morphology and histology of the male reproductive system. The morphological and functional changes that occur in the testes result in variations in the levels of many hormones, changes in molecules involved in mitochondrial function, receptors, and signaling proteins. Despite knowing that these age-related alterations occur, their real impact on male fertility and reproductive health are still far from being fully understood, highlighting that research in the field is crucial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Santiago
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Joana V Silva
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Portugal.,Reproductive Genetics and Embryo-fetal Development Group, Institute for Innovation and Health Research (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal.,Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro F Oliveira
- Reproductive Genetics and Embryo-fetal Development Group, Institute for Innovation and Health Research (I3S), University of Porto, Portugal.,Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Portugal.,Department of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Portugal
| | - Margarida Fardilha
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine - iBiMED, University of Aveiro, Portugal
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Wong P, Cheung M, WS O, Tang F. Intermedin inhibits norepinephrine-induced contraction of rat seminal vesicle. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s2305-0500(14)60022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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Liao S, Cheung K, O W, Tang F. Adrenomedullin Increases the Short-Circuit Current in the Mouse Seminal Vesicle: Actions on Chloride Secretion1. Biol Reprod 2014; 91:31. [DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.113.116848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
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Liao SB, Cheung KH, Cheung MPL, Wong PF, O WS, Tang F. Adrenomedullin increases the short-circuit current in the rat prostate: Receptors, chloride channels, the effects of cAMP and calcium ions and implications on fluid secretion. Andrology 2014; 2:474-80. [PMID: 24711244 DOI: 10.1111/j.2047-2927.2014.00189.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Revised: 12/22/2013] [Accepted: 01/12/2014] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we have investigated the effects of adrenomedullin on chloride and fluid secretion in the rat prostate. The presence of adrenomedullin (ADM) in rat prostate was confirmed using immunostaining, and the molecular species was determined using gel filtration chromatography coupled with an enzyme-linked assay for ADM. The effects of ADM on fluid secretion were studied by short-circuit current technique in a whole mount preparation of the prostate in an Ussing chamber. The results indicated that the ADM level was higher in the ventral than the dorso-lateral prostate and the major molecular species was the active peptide. ADM increased the short-circuit current through both the cAMP- and calcium-activated chloride channels in the ventral lobe, but only through the calcium-activated channels in the dorso-lateral lobe. These stimulatory effects were blocked by the calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist, hCGRP8-37. We conclude that ADM may regulate prostatic fluid secretion through the chloride channels, which may affect the composition of the seminal plasma bathing the spermatozoa and hence fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Liao
- Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Physiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Wong CW, O WS, Tang F. Intermedin in rat uterus: changes in gene expression and peptide levels across the estrous cycle and its effects on uterine contraction. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2013; 11:13. [PMID: 23442365 PMCID: PMC3598482 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-11-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study demonstrates the expression of intermedin (IMD) and its receptor components in the uterus of the female rat during the estrous cycle and its effect on uterine contraction. METHODS The gene expression level of intermedin and its receptor components and the peptide level of intermedin were studied by real-time RT-PCR and enzyme immunoassay (EIA) respectively. The separation of precursor and mature IMD was studied by gel filtration chromatography and EIA. The localization of IMD in the uterus was investigated by immunohistochemistry. The effect of IMD on in vitro uterine contraction was studied by organ bath technique. RESULTS Uterine mRNAs of Imd and its receptor components and IMD levels displayed cyclic changes across the estrous cycle. Imd mRNA level was the highest at proestrus while the IMD level was the highest at diestrus. IMD was found in the luminal and glandular epithelia and IMD treatment significantly reduced the amplitude and frequency of uterine contraction but not the basal tone. Both calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) receptor antagonist hCGRP8-37 and adrenomedullin (ADM) receptor antagonist hADM22-52 partially abolished the inhibitory effect of IMD on uterine contraction while the specific IMD receptor antagonist hIMD17-47 completely blocked the actions. The enzyme inhibitors of NO (L-NAME) and PI3K (Wortmannin) pathways diminished the IMD effects on uterine contraction while the cAMP/PKA blocker, KT5720, had no effect, indicating an involvement of NO and PI3K/Akt but not PKA. CONCLUSIONS IMD and the gene expression of its receptor components are differentially regulated in the uterus during the estrous cycle and IMD inhibits uterine contraction by decreasing the amplitude and frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Wai Wong
- Departments of Physiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Pokfulam, China
| | - Wai-Sum O
- Department of Anatomy, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Pokfulam, China
- Center of Growth, Reproduction and Development, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Pokfulam, China
| | - Fai Tang
- Departments of Physiology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Pokfulam, China
- Center of Heart, Brain, Hormone and Healthy Aging, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, Pokfulam, China
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Liao SB, O WS, Tang F. Adrenomedullin Inhibits Norepinephrine-induced Contraction of Rat Seminal Vesicle. Urology 2012; 80:224.e1-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2012.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2011] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Liao SB, Kong LH, Tang F, Sum O W. Possible functions of adrenomedullin from the seminal fluid in the female reproductive tract of the rat. Syst Biol Reprod Med 2012; 58:306-12. [DOI: 10.3109/19396368.2012.695855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Li HWR, Liao SB, Chiu PCN, Tam WW, Ho JC, Ng EHY, Ho PC, Yeung WSB, Tang F, O WS. Expression of adrenomedullin in human oviduct, its regulation by the hormonal cycle and contact with spermatozoa, and its effect on ciliary beat frequency of the oviductal epithelium. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2010; 95:E18-25. [PMID: 20534761 DOI: 10.1210/jc.2010-0273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Adrenomedullin (ADM) has been found expressed in the mouse oviduct and might play a role in reproduction. OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was to demonstrate the expression of ADM in the human oviduct, investigate its regulation by steroidal hormones and spermatozoa contact, and study its effect on ciliary beat frequency (CBF) in the human oviduct. DESIGN, SETTING, PATIENTS, AND INTERVENTIONS: Oviducts from women undergoing hysterectomy for benign diseases in a university hospital were collected. The oviducts were treated with estradiol and/or progesterone to simulate different phases of the ovarian cycle. ADM expression was studied at the peptide and mRNA levels by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR, respectively. CBF was measured after treatment with graded concentrations of ADM and its antagonists. Cells from OE-E6/E7, an immortalized oviductal cell line, as well as oviductal tissue were cocultured with and without direct contact with capacitated human spermatozoa to compare oviductal cell ADM expression levels. CBF was also analyzed in oviductal tissue after spermatozoa-oviduct coincubation. RESULTS ADM expression was the highest in the isthmic region and in a hormonal environment simulating the early luteal phase. CBF was increased by ADM in a dose-dependent manner, which was blocked by ADM and calcitonin-gene-related peptide receptor antagonists. Direct contact with spermatozoa in coculture resulted in higher ADM expression in OE-E6/E7 cell line and oviductal tissue and higher CBF in oviductal epithelium. CONCLUSIONS ADM expression in the human oviduct is hormone dependent and is up-regulated by sperm contact. ADM stimulates ciliary motility of the human oviduct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Wu Raymond Li
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
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Lack of adrenomedullin in the mouse brain results in behavioral changes, anxiety, and lower survival under stress conditions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2008; 105:12581-6. [PMID: 18723674 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0803174105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The adrenomedullin (AM) gene, adm, is widely expressed in the central nervous system (CNS) and several functions have been suggested for brain AM. Until now, a formal confirmation of these actions using genetic models has been elusive since the systemic adm knockout results in embryo lethality. We have built a conditional knockout mouse model using the Cre/loxP approach. When crossed with transgenic mice expressing the Cre recombinase under the tubulin Talpha-1 promoter, we obtained animals with no AM expression in the CNS but normal levels in other organs. These animals lead normal lives and do not present any gross morphological defect. Specific areas of the brain of animals lacking CNS AM contain hyperpolymerized tubulin, a consequence of AM downregulation. Behavioral analysis shows that mice with no AM in their brain have impaired motor coordination and are hyperactive and overanxious when compared to their wild-type littermates. Treatment with methylphenidate, haloperidol, and diazepam did not show differences between genotypes. Circulating levels of adrenocorticotropic hormone and corticosterone were similar in knockout and wild-type mice. Animals with no brain AM were less resistant to hypobaric hypoxia than wild-type mice, demonstrating the neuroprotective function of AM in the CNS. In conclusion, AM exerts a beneficial action in the brain by maintaining homeostasis both under normal and stress conditions.
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