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Kim DH, Yoo S. A Grounded Theory of Walking for Health Promotion in Older Urban Adults. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2024; 64:gnae091. [PMID: 39039921 PMCID: PMC11407852 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnae091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Walking enhances the health, quality of life, and independence of older adults. However, a global decline in urban walking necessitates a re-evaluation of segmented, quantitative approaches to policies and theoretical frameworks in geriatric medicine for promoting walking among older adults. This study conceptualized the perceptions, experiences, and behaviors regarding walking, from a health promotion perspective, among older urban adults. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Pedestrian-friendly communities were explored for older adults in Seoul, South Korea, using a grounded theory. Thirty-eight older adults actively engaged in walking were recruited between July and December 2020. A qualitative multimethod approach was used, and the collected data were analyzed using open, axial, and selective coding, with axial coding integrating textual and spatiobehavioral information. RESULTS The open-coding process yielded 92 concepts, 47 subcategories, and 19 categories. Using axial and selective coding principles, a conceptual framework was developed to explain how walking shaped the daily lives of older urban adults and provided multidimensional health benefits. Walking perception attributes were characterized by "embodied subjectivity as a healthy older adult," "autonomy of movement," and "walking as a way to enrich or sustain life." Active walking facilitated interactions between older adults and their neighborhood environment within the context of compact and accessible urban living. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS A healthy and age-friendly community encourages interactions between older adults and their neighborhood environment by providing opportunities for daily walking for several purposes, such as providing a sense of autonomy, increasing health-promoting behaviors, and creating a sense of community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ha Kim
- Department of Health Administration, Daejin University, Pocheon-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghyun Yoo
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Health and Environment, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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2
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Camp N, Vagnetti R, Penner S, Ramos C, Hunter K, Hough J, Magistro D. It Is Not Just a Matter of Motivation: The Role of Self-Control in Promoting Physical Activity in Older Adults-A Bayesian Mediation Model. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:1663. [PMID: 39201220 PMCID: PMC11353447 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12161663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2024] [Revised: 08/10/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/02/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to understand how psychological factors affect regular exercise in older adults, hypothesising that trait self-control mediates the relationship between motivation types (intrinsic, extrinsic, and amotivation) and exercise time. In this cross-sectional study, 430 older adults (mean age = 68.8 ± 6.72) completed questionnaires regarding their perceived trait self-control, motivation towards leisure activities, and level of physical activity. A Bayesian mediation analysis was performed, controlling for demographics. We documented positive direct (c' = 0.021, 95%CI [0.001, 0.043]) and indirect (ab = 0.028, 95%CI [0.014, 0.043]) effects of intrinsic motivation on exercise, a fully mediated indirect effect of extrinsic motivation on exercise (ab = 0.027, 95%CI [0.011, 0.046]), and negative direct (c' = -0.281, 95%CI [-0.368, -0.194]) and indirect (ab = -0.161, 95%CI [-0.221, -0.105]) effects of amotivation on exercise. There was no direct association between extrinsic motivation and exercise (c' = 0.013, 95% CI [-0.013, 0.037]). In conclusion, trait self-control mediates motivation to influence exercise behaviour in older adults. Intrinsically motivated individuals resist sedentary living and show higher self-control, while extrinsically motivated ones rely on self-control and are more susceptible to non-adherence during mental fatigue. High amotivation is linked to less exercise and reduced self-control, suggesting potential non-compliance with structured exercise interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Daniele Magistro
- Department of Sport Science, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (N.C.); (R.V.); (S.P.); (C.R.); (K.H.); (J.H.)
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3
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Manning KM, Hall KS, Sloane R, Magistro D, Rabaglietti E, Lee CC, Castle S, Kopp T, Giffuni J, Katzel L, McDonald M, Miyamoto M, Pearson M, Jennings SC, Bettger JP, Morey MC. Longitudinal analysis of physical function in older adults: The effects of physical inactivity and exercise training. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e13987. [PMID: 37681737 PMCID: PMC10776115 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lack of exercise contributes to systemic inflammation and is a major cause of chronic disease. The long-term impact of initiating and sustaining exercise in late life, as opposed to sustaining a sedentary lifestyle, on whole-body health measures such as physical performance is not well known. This is an exploratory study to compare changes in physical performance among older adults initiating exercise late in life versus inactive older adults. Data from two observational cohorts were included in this analysis, representing two activity groups. The Active group cohort comprises older adults (n = 318; age 72.5 ± 7.2 years) enrolled in a supervised exercise program, "Gerofit." The inactive group comprises older adults (n = 146; age 74.5 ± 5.5 years) from the Italian study "Act on Ageing" (AOA) who self-reported being inactive. Participants in both groups completed physical performance battery at baseline and 1-year including: 6-min walk test, 30-s chair stand, and timed up-and-go. Two-sample t-tests measured differences between Gerofit and AOA at baseline and 1-year across all measures. Significant between-group effects were seen for all performance measures (ps = 0.001). The AOA group declined across all measures from baseline to 1 year (range -18% to -24% change). The Gerofit group experienced significant gains in function for all measures (range +10% to +31% change). Older adults who initiated routine, sustained exercise were protected from age-related declines in physical performance, while those who remained sedentary suffered cumulative deficits across strength, aerobic endurance, and mobility. Interventions to reduce sedentary behaviors and increase physical activity are both important to promote multi-system, whole-body health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M. Manning
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterVA Health Care SystemDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Katherine S. Hall
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterVA Health Care SystemDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Medicine, Center for the Study of Aging/Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Richard Sloane
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterVA Health Care SystemDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Medicine, Center for the Study of Aging/Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | | | | | - Cathy C. Lee
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterVA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare SystemLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Steven Castle
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterVA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare SystemLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Jamie Giffuni
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical CenterVA Maryland Health Care SystemBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Leslie Katzel
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical CenterVA Maryland Health Care SystemBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- School of MedicineUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Michelle McDonald
- Geritaric Rehabilitation and Clinical CenterVA Pacific Health Care SystemHonoluluHawaiiUSA
| | - Miles Miyamoto
- Geritaric Rehabilitation and Clinical CenterVA Pacific Health Care SystemHonoluluHawaiiUSA
| | - Megan Pearson
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterVA Health Care SystemDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Stephen C. Jennings
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterVA Health Care SystemDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Janet Prvu Bettger
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Roybal CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Miriam C. Morey
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterVA Health Care SystemDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Medicine, Center for the Study of Aging/Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
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4
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Presta V, Gobbi G, Condello G, Carubbi C, Masselli E, Mirandola P, Vitale M. Evolution led humans to bipedalism, but we live in a sedentary society: Will "Sunday running" protect us from NCDs at no cost? Front Public Health 2023; 10:1031911. [PMID: 36684966 PMCID: PMC9853276 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1031911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Evolution led humans to bipedal stance and movement. However, we live in a sedentary society that strongly challenges our willingness to be physically active. We (mis)understand that being at least a Sunday runner could protect us from sedentary-related diseases, but what if this compromises the healthier life expectancy anyway? Citing Paul Gauguin, we know where we come from and what we are, the question arises about where we are going. And also, how.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Presta
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Curriculum of Sport Sciences & Human Health, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giuliana Gobbi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Curriculum of Sport Sciences & Human Health, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Condello
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Curriculum of Sport Sciences & Human Health, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Cecilia Carubbi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Masselli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Prisco Mirandola
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Vitale
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
- Movement Analysis Laboratory (LAM), Parma University Hospital, Parma, Italy
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Serial vs. Integrated Outdoor Combined Training Programs for Health Promotion in Middle-Aged Males. Sports (Basel) 2022; 10:sports10080122. [PMID: 36006087 PMCID: PMC9416765 DOI: 10.3390/sports10080122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the training and detraining effects of outdoor serial and integrated combined exercise programs on health, functional capacity, and physical fitness indices. Fifty-one untrained overweight/obese males (47 ± 4 years) were divided into a serial combined (SCG), an integrated combined (ICG), or a control (CG) group. The SCG and ICG implemented a 3-month training (3 sessions/week) consisting of walking and body weight exercises. The only difference between SCG and ICG was the sequence of aerobic and strength training. In SCG, the strength training was performed before aerobic training, while in ICG the aerobic and the strength training were alternated repeatedly in a predetermined order. Health, functional capacity, and physical fitness indices were measured before the training, following the termination of programs, and 1-month after training cessation. Following the training, both the SCG and ICG groups showed reduced blood pressure, heart rate, body fat, and waist-to-hip ratio (3−11%; p < 0.001), with improved respiratory function, muscle strength, aerobic capacity, flexibility, and balance (14−61%; p < 0.001). After 1-month of training cessation, significant reductions (p < 0.05) were observed in health indices and physical fitness without returning to baseline levels. However, there were no differences between SCG and ICG after training and training cessation (p > 0.05). In CG, all the above variables did not change. Furthermore, a great percentage of participants in both exercise groups (90%) reported high levels of enjoyment. In conclusion, both serial and integrated outdoor combined walking and body weight strength training programs are enjoyable and equally effective for improving health, functional capacity, and physical fitness indices in overweight/obese middle-aged males.
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Walking Promotes Physical Fitness of Community-Dwelling Older Adults. TOPICS IN GERIATRIC REHABILITATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1097/tgr.0000000000000351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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7
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Sclarsky H, Kumar P. Community-Based Primary Care Management for an Older Adult With COVID-19: A Case Report. Am J Occup Ther 2021; 75:7511210030p1-7511210030p7. [PMID: 34405796 DOI: 10.5014/ajot.2021.049220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
This case report describes occupational therapy services provided in consultation with a primary care practice for a community-dwelling older adult dyad with mild coronavirus disease 2019. The occupational therapy evaluation included administration of the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure through telehealth to identify priority areas for intervention; the clients selected participation during activities of daily living and mealtime, fall prevention, cooking together, and leisure participation. The intervention process focused on addressing the dyad's identified priorities as well as managing caregiver stress and preventing hospitalization. Positive outcomes were achieved while adhering to social distancing guidelines set forth by state and national agencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Sclarsky
- Hannah Sclarsky, OTD, OTR/L, is Occupational Therapist, Genesis Rehab Services, Meadowbrook, PA;
| | - Pari Kumar
- Pari Kumar, OTD, OTR/L, is Occupational Therapist, Cadia Healthcare Silverside, Wilmington, DE
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8
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Magistro D, Carlevaro F, Magno F, Simon M, Camp N, Kinrade N, Zecca M, Musella G. Effects of 1 Year of Lifestyle Intervention on Institutionalized Older Adults. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:7612. [PMID: 34300062 PMCID: PMC8303470 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18147612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The socio-economic and health consequences of our ageing population are well documented, with older adults living in long-term care facilities amongst the frailest possessing specific and significant healthcare and social care needs. These needs may be exacerbated through the sedentary behaviour which is prevalent within care home settings. Reducing sedentary time can reduce the risk of many diseases and improve functional health, implying that improvements in health may be gained by simply helping older adults substitute time spent sitting with time spent standing or in light-intensity ambulation. This study identified the impact of 1 year of lifestyle intervention in a group of older adults living in a long-term care setting in Italy. One hundred and eleven older adults (mean age, 82.37 years; SD = 10.55 years) participated in the study. Sixty-nine older adults were in the intervention group (35 without severe cognitive decline and 34 with dementia) and 42 older adults were in the control group. Data on physical functioning, basic activities of daily living (BADL) and mood were collected 4 times, before, during (every four months) and after the 1 year of intervention. The lifestyle intervention focused on improving the amount of time spent every week in active behaviour and physical activity (minimum 150 min of weekly activities). All participants completed the training program and no adverse events, related to the program, occurred. The intervention group showed steady and significant improvements in physical functioning and a stable situation in BADL and mood following the intervention in older adults with and without dementia, whilst the control group exhibited a significant decline over time. These results suggest that engagement in a physical activity intervention may benefit care home residents with and without dementia both physically and mentally, leading to improved social care and a reduced burden on healthcare services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Magistro
- Department of Sport Science, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (N.C.); (N.K.)
| | - Fabio Carlevaro
- Polo Universitario Asti Studi Superiori (Uni-Astiss), 14100 Asti, Italy; (F.C.); (F.M.); (M.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Francesca Magno
- Polo Universitario Asti Studi Superiori (Uni-Astiss), 14100 Asti, Italy; (F.C.); (F.M.); (M.S.); (G.M.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy
| | - Martina Simon
- Polo Universitario Asti Studi Superiori (Uni-Astiss), 14100 Asti, Italy; (F.C.); (F.M.); (M.S.); (G.M.)
| | - Nicola Camp
- Department of Sport Science, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (N.C.); (N.K.)
| | - Noel Kinrade
- Department of Sport Science, School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, UK; (N.C.); (N.K.)
| | - Massimiliano Zecca
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK;
| | - Giovanni Musella
- Polo Universitario Asti Studi Superiori (Uni-Astiss), 14100 Asti, Italy; (F.C.); (F.M.); (M.S.); (G.M.)
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy
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9
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Lemos ECWM, Guadagnin EC, Mota CB. Influence of strength training and multicomponent training on the functionality of older adults: systematic review and meta-analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/1980-0037.2020v22e6070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Physical exercise is an important option to maintain functional independence in older adults, however, it is not clear which type of exercise is the most benefic: strength or multicomponent. The objective was to verify the effectiveness of strength training and multicomponent training on functionality of healthy older patients through a systematic review with meta-analysis. Registration number: CRD42017071887. Two independent evaluators searched Pubmed, Web of Science, PEDro, Cochrane and Lilacs databases. Of the 1434 studies found, 32 clinical trials that investigated the effects of strength training only and/or combined with other modalities (multicomponent) in older adults and evaluated the Timed up and Go (TUG), sit-to-stand (STS) and/or Berg Balance Scale (BBS were included. The methodological quality was evaluated with the Downs & Black scale. Data analysis was performed with the Software Review Manager. It was verified improvement in all the investigated outcomes when performing multicomponent training in comparison to control groups. Strength training, compared to control groups, showed benefit only for sit to stand test. Studies comparing the two trainings found no difference between them. The not high average score in the methodological quality assessment of the included studies is a limitation of the present study. In conclusion, both types of training were effective to improve functionality and are good strategies of training for older individuals. However, as the comparison between the two types of training was performed in few studies, it is not possible to infer which is more effective for the functionality, suggesting the realization of new clinical trials.
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Long J, Cai T, Huang X, Zhou Y, Kuang J, Wu L. Reference value for the TUGT in healthy older people: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Geriatr Nurs 2019; 41:325-330. [PMID: 31810729 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2019.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The timed up and go test (TUGT) was recently proposed as a strong predictor of adverse outcomes. Few reviews have been conducted to identify a standard for the TUGT in healthy older people, and the aims of this study were to explore the source of heterogeneity and evaluate the range of reference values for the TUGT in healthy people over 60 years old stratified by age and sex. The VIP, EMBASE, Web of Science and PubMed databases were searched from January 1, 2000, to December 31, 2018. A subgroup analysis and meta-regression were used to assess heterogeneity. Thirty-four eligible studies were included. The mean TUGT results for the total population, males and females in the sample were 9.21 s [95% CI (9.11, 9.31)], 9.33 s [95% CI (7.82, 11.08)] and 8.87 s [95% CI (8.40, 9.38)], respectively. The mean TUGT results for older people in their 60 s, 70 s, and 80 s were 7.91 s [95% CI (6.62, 9.20)], 8.67 s [95% CI (7.23, 10.12)] and 11.68 s [95% CI (8.11, 15.26)], respectively. The meta-regression analysis results showed that the heterogeneity was related to age (P < 0.01). Age affects the results of the TUGT, and it is necessary to take age into consideration when conducting stratified physical evaluations for the evaluation of older people individuals' physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- JingWen Long
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 BaYi St, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - TianPan Cai
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 BaYi St, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - XiaoYing Huang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 BaYi St, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - YuePing Zhou
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 BaYi St, Nanchang 330006, PR China
| | - Jie Kuang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 BaYi St, Nanchang 330006, PR China.
| | - Lei Wu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, Nanchang University, 461 BaYi St, Nanchang 330006, PR China.
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Roldán A, Cordellat A, Monteagudo P, García-Lucerga C, Blasco-Lafarga NM, Gomez-Cabrera MC, Blasco-Lafarga C. Beneficial Effects of Inspiratory Muscle Training Combined With Multicomponent Training in Elderly Active Women. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2019; 90:547-554. [PMID: 31397649 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2019.1633009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: This study aims to analyze changes in Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP), lung function, cardiorespiratory fitness, and blood pressure, in 10 healthy active elderly women, following 7 weeks of inspiratory muscle training (IMT) combined with a multicomponent training program (MCTP). The association among these health parameters, their changes after training (deltas), and the influence of MIP at baseline (MIPpre) are also considered. Methods: IMT involved 30 inspirations at 50% of the MIP, twice daily, 7 days a week, while MCTP was 1 hr, twice a week. MIP, lung function (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, FEF25-75%, PEF), 6MWT, and blood pressure (SBP, DBP), jointly with body composition, were assessed before and after the intervention. Results: Seven weeks were enough to improved MIP (p = .019; d = 1.397), 6MWT (p = .012; d = .832), SBP (p = .003; d = 1.035) and DBP (p = .024; d = .848). Despite the high physical fitness (VO2 peak: M = 23.38, SD = 3.39 ml·min·Kg-1), MIPpre was low (M = 39.00, SD = 7.63 cmH2O) and displayed a significant negative correlation with ΔMIPpre-post (r = -.821; p < .004), showing that women who started the intervention with lower MIP achieved higher improvements in inspiratory muscle strength after training. Conclusions: No significant changes in spirometric parameters may signal that lung function is independent of early improvements in inspiratory muscles and cardiorespiratory fitness. Absence of correlation between physical fitness and respiratory outcomes suggests that being fit does not ensure cardiorespiratory health in active elderly women, so IMT might be beneficial and should supplement the MCTP in this population.
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Curl AL, Bibbo J, Johnson RA. Dog Walking, the Human-Animal Bond and Older Adults' Physical Health. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2018; 57:930-939. [PMID: 27002004 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnw051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose of the Study This study explored the associations between dog ownership and pet bonding with walking behavior and health outcomes in older adults. Design and Methods We used data from the 12th wave (2012) of the Health and Retirement Study which included an experimental human-animal interaction module. Ordinary least squares regression and binary logistic regression models controlling for demographic variables were used to answer the research questions. Results Dog walking was associated with lower body mass index, fewer activities of daily living limitations, fewer doctor visits, and more frequent moderate and vigorous exercise. People with higher degrees of pet bonding were more likely to walk their dog and to spend more time walking their dog each time, but they reported walking a shorter distance with their dog than those with weaker pet bonds. Dog ownership was not associated with better physical health or health behaviors. Implications This study provides evidence for the association between dog walking and physical health using a large, nationally representative sample. The relationship with one's dog may be a positive influence on physical activity for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela L Curl
- Department of Family Studies and Social Work, Miami University, Oxford, Ohio
| | - Jessica Bibbo
- Department of Human Development and Family Science
- Research Center for Human-Animal Interaction, College of Veterinary Medicine
| | - Rebecca A Johnson
- Research Center for Human-Animal Interaction, College of Veterinary Medicine
- Gerontological Nursing, Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia
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13
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Magistro D, Brustio PR, Ivaldi M, Esliger DW, Zecca M, Rainoldi A, Boccia G. Validation of the ADAMO Care Watch for step counting in older adults. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0190753. [PMID: 29425196 PMCID: PMC5806873 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Accurate measurement devices are required to objectively quantify physical activity. Wearable activity monitors, such as pedometers, may serve as affordable and feasible instruments for measuring physical activity levels in older adults during their normal activities of daily living. Currently few available accelerometer-based steps counting devices have been shown to be accurate at slow walking speeds, therefore there is still lacking appropriate devices tailored for slow speed ambulation, typical of older adults. This study aimed to assess the validity of step counting using the pedometer function of the ADAMO Care Watch, containing an embedded algorithm for measuring physical activity in older adults. Methods Twenty older adults aged ≥ 65 years (mean ± SD, 75±7 years; range, 68–91) and 20 young adults (25±5 years, range 20–40), wore a care watch on each wrist and performed a number of randomly ordered tasks: walking at slow, normal and fast self-paced speeds; a Timed Up and Go test (TUG); a step test and ascending/descending stairs. The criterion measure was the actual number of steps observed, counted with a manual tally counter. Absolute percentage error scores, Intraclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC), and Bland–Altman plots were used to assess validity. Results ADAMO Care Watch demonstrated high validity during slow and normal speeds (range 0.5–1.5 m/s) showing an absolute error from 1.3% to 1.9% in the older adult group and from 0.7% to 2.7% in the young adult group. The percentage error for the 30-metre walking tasks increased with faster pace in both young adult (17%) and older adult groups (6%). In the TUG test, there was less error in the steps recorded for older adults (1.3% to 2.2%) than the young adults (6.6% to 7.2%). For the total sample, the ICCs for the ADAMO Care Watch for the 30-metre walking tasks at each speed and for the TUG test were ranged between 0.931 to 0.985. Conclusion These findings provide evidence that the ADAMO Care Watch demonstrated highly accurate measurements of the steps count in all activities, particularly walking at normal and slow speeds. Therefore, these data support the inclusion of the ADAMO Care Watch in clinical applications for measuring the number of steps taken by older adults at normal, slow walking speeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Magistro
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), Loughborough, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
| | - Paolo Riccardo Brustio
- NeuroMuscularFunction | Research Group, School of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Ivaldi
- NeuroMuscularFunction | Research Group, School of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Dale Winfield Esliger
- School of Sport, Exercise, and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Massimiliano Zecca
- National Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine (NCSEM), Loughborough, United Kingdom
- Wolfson School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, United Kingdom
| | - Alberto Rainoldi
- NeuroMuscularFunction | Research Group, School of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Gennaro Boccia
- NeuroMuscularFunction | Research Group, School of Exercise and Sport Sciences, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
- CeRiSM Research Center ‘Sport, Mountain, and Health’, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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González PM, Cofré RM, Cabello ME. Functional reserve in functionally independent elderly persons: a calculation of gait speed and physiological cost. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GERIATRIA E GERONTOLOGIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-98232016019.150136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Aim: To analyze the behavior of functional reserve percentage (%FR) by gender in functional elderly persons, considering speed and the physiological cost of gait. Methods: A total of 53 self-reliant elderly persons, 40 of whom were women (age 69.4±4.7 years old; BMI 31.2±4.3 kg/m2) and 13 of whom were men (age 70.8±7.2 years old; BMI 28.7±3.5 kg/m2) participated in an observational and cross-sectional study. Participants were requested to walk at comfortable (CG) and maximum gait (MG). Both modalities were performed on a 70-meter elliptical circuit over three minutes. Distance and working heart rate were recorded for the corresponding calculation of average gait speed (AGS), physiological cost index (PCI) and used working heart rate percentage (% uWHR). With this information the FR% was determined by the percentage ratio with AGS, PCI and %uWHR under comfortable versus maximum demand walk conditions. Results: The association between %FR and AGS was significantly higher in males (p=0.017), reaching values of +-20% in most subjects. The physiological %FR for PCI was ≈30% in both men and women (p=0.156), while for % uWHR was ≈40% in females and ≈45% in males (p=0.131). Conclusion: AGS is a critical threshold functionality indicator to determine FR in functionally independent Chilean elderly persons.
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15
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González PM. Anthropometric, functional and foot trajectory determinants of stride length in self-reliant community-dwelling elderly persons in Talca, Chile. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GERIATRIA E GERONTOLOGIA 2016. [DOI: 10.1590/1809-98232016019.150049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Objective: To analyze anthropometric, muscle performance and foot trajectory determinants of stride length (SL) during walking at a comfortable pace among self-reliant community-dwelling elderly persons in Talca, Chile. Method: A total of 63 self-reliant elderly persons participated in this observational and cross-sectional study. They were characterized by the anthropometric measures of mass, height and body mass index. Dorsiflexor muscle strength performance (DF-MS) and rate of force development were quantified. Finally, the elderly persons were asked to walk comfortably around a 40 meter elliptical circuit, using determined SL and maximum foot clearance (MaxFC) and minimum foot clearance (MFC) trajectory parameters. The SL determinants were evaluated by calculating the coefficient of determination (r2) considering a level of significance of p≤0.05. Results: The anthropometric variables demonstrated significant correlations (r>0.41) with the explanation of SL remaining incipient (r2<0.20). Muscle performance, meanwhile, was significantly correlated (r>0.52), with DF-MS standing out (r2=0.342). MaxFC represented a significant explanation for the data (r2=0.396), while the low correlation of MFC was not significant (r=0.24, r2=0.058). Conclusion: MaxFC and DF-MS are determinants of SL in self-reliant elderly Chileans. It is proposed that gait parameters could be normalized in accordance with trajectory and muscular performance.
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16
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Brustio PR, Magistro D, Rabaglietti E, Liubicich ME. Age-related differences in dual task performance: A cross-sectional study on women. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2015; 17:315-321. [PMID: 26712164 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIM Simultaneous performances of motor and attention-demanding tasks are common in activities of everyday life. The present cross-sectional study examined the changes and age-related differences on mobility performance with an additional cognitive or motor task, and evaluated the relative dual-task cost (DTC) on the motor performance in young, middle-aged and older women. METHODS A total of 30 young (mean age 25.12 ± 3.00 years), 30 middle-aged (mean age 47.82 ± 5.06 years) and 30 older women (mean age 72.74 ± 5.95 years) were recruited. Participants carried out: (i) single task: Timed Up & Go Test; (ii) cognitive dual-task: Timed Up & Go Test while counting backwards by three; (iii) manual dual-task: Timed Up & Go Test while carrying a glass of water. A repeated measures anova with between-factor as age groups and within-factor as tasks was carried out to assess the effect of aging on the performance of mobility tasks. DTC was calculated as ([performance in single-task - performance in dual-task] / performance in single task) × 100%. One-way ancova were carried out to compare the DTC among the three age groups. RESULTS A significant interaction between age groups and task (F4,172 = 6.716, P < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.135) was observed. Specifically, older women showed a worse mobility performance under dual-task condition compared with young and middle-aged groups. Furthermore, DTC differences in cognitive task were observed in older women compared with younger and middle-aged women (F2,86 = 7.649, P < 0.001, partial η2 = 0.151), but not in manual task. CONCLUSION Dual-task conditions might affect mobility performance differently across the lifespan, and could be particularly challenging in older women. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2017; 17: 315-321.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo R Brustio
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniele Magistro
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,School of Electronic, Electrical and Systems Engineering, Loughborough University, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Emanuela Rabaglietti
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,SUISM, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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17
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Horn BJ, Cien A, Reeves NP, Pathak P, Taunt CJ. Femoral Nerve Block vs Periarticular Bupivacaine Liposome Injection After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: Effect on Patient Outcomes. J Osteopath Med 2015; 115:714-9. [DOI: 10.7556/jaoa.2015.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Context: Patients receiving femoral nerve blocks for total knee arthroplasty (TKA) have been shown to have a high incidence of postoperative falls, which has been attributed to weakening of the quadriceps muscles. Local injection of analgesic medication that allows for full motor function of the quadriceps and, therefore, better progress through inpatient physical therapy and decreased hospital stay, has been suggested as an option for postoperative pain relief.
Objective: To compare the number of inpatient physical therapy sessions and hospital days needed in patients receiving periarticular injection of extended-release bupivacaine liposome vs femoral nerve block after TKA.
Methods: Data were retrospectively reviewed from the records of patients who underwent bilateral primary TKA, in which femoral nerve block was administered at the first operation and periarticular injection of an extended-release bupivacaine liposome mixture at the second operation. An average of 2.3 years had passed between the 2 procedures. The number of inpatient physical therapy sessions and hospital days needed were compared between both procedures for each patient.
Results: Sixteen patients (14 women) were included in the study, with a mean (SD) age of 63.8 (6.7) years. Compared with femoral nerve block, periarticular injection of analgesic medication resulted in fewer inpatient physical therapy sessions (femoral nerve block: mean [SD], 3.5 [1.3] sessions; periarticular injection: mean [SD], 2.3 [1.0] sessions; P=.002) and fewer hospital days (femoral nerve block: mean [SD], 1.9 [0.6] days; periarticular injection: mean [SD], 1.5 [0.6] days; P<.032).
Conclusion: Compared with femoral nerve block, periarticular injection of analgesia was found to quicken postoperative recovery in patients hospitalized for TKA. The use of periarticular injections in patients undergoing TKA could yield substantial cost savings given the high frequency of this procedure.
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Hortobágyi T, Lesinski M, Gäbler M, VanSwearingen JM, Malatesta D, Granacher U. Effects of Three Types of Exercise Interventions on Healthy Old Adults' Gait Speed: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Med 2015; 45:1627-43. [PMID: 26286449 PMCID: PMC4656792 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-015-0371-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Habitual walking speed predicts many clinical conditions later in life, but it declines with age. However, which particular exercise intervention can minimize the age-related gait speed loss is unclear. PURPOSE Our objective was to determine the effects of strength, power, coordination, and multimodal exercise training on healthy old adults' habitual and fast gait speed. METHODS We performed a computerized systematic literature search in PubMed and Web of Knowledge from January 1984 up to December 2014. Search terms included 'Resistance training', 'power training', 'coordination training', 'multimodal training', and 'gait speed (outcome term). Inclusion criteria were articles available in full text, publication period over past 30 years, human species, journal articles, clinical trials, randomized controlled trials, English as publication language, and subject age ≥65 years. The methodological quality of all eligible intervention studies was assessed using the Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale. We computed weighted average standardized mean differences of the intervention-induced adaptations in gait speed using a random-effects model and tested for overall and individual intervention effects relative to no-exercise controls. RESULTS A total of 42 studies (mean PEDro score of 5.0 ± 1.2) were included in the analyses (2495 healthy old adults; age 74.2 years [64.4-82.7]; body mass 69.9 ± 4.9 kg, height 1.64 ± 0.05 m, body mass index 26.4 ± 1.9 kg/m2, and gait speed 1.22 ± 0.18 m/s). The search identified only one power training study, therefore the subsequent analyses focused only on the effects of resistance, coordination, and multimodal training on gait speed. The three types of intervention improved gait speed in the three experimental groups combined (n = 1297) by 0.10 m/s (±0.12) or 8.4% (±9.7), with a large effect size (ES) of 0.84. Resistance (24 studies; n = 613; 0.11 m/s; 9.3%; ES: 0.84), coordination (eight studies, n = 198; 0.09 m/s; 7.6%; ES: 0.76), and multimodal training (19 studies; n = 486; 0.09 m/s; 8.4%, ES: 0.86) increased gait speed statistically and similarly. CONCLUSIONS Commonly used exercise interventions can functionally and clinically increase habitual and fast gait speed and help slow the loss of gait speed or delay its onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Hortobágyi
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9700 AD, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Melanie Lesinski
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Martijn Gäbler
- Center for Human Movement Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, A. Deusinglaan 1, 9700 AD, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jessie M VanSwearingen
- Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Davide Malatesta
- Institute of Sport Sciences University of Lausanne (ISSUL), University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Urs Granacher
- Division of Training and Movement Sciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
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Bernard P, Ninot G, Bernard PL, Picot MC, Jaussent A, Tallon G, Blain H. Effects of a six-month walking intervention on depression in inactive post-menopausal women: a randomized controlled trial. Aging Ment Health 2015; 19:485-92. [PMID: 25133492 DOI: 10.1080/13607863.2014.948806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Physical inactivity and advanced age are associated with risk of depressive disorders. Physical activity can reduce depressive symptoms in older subjects with depressive disorders. We investigated whether a walking intervention program may decrease the occurrence of depressive symptoms in inactive post-menopausal women without depression. METHOD A total of 121 participants aged 57-75 years were randomly assigned to a six-month moderate intensity walking intervention (three times a week, 40 minutes per session, supervised and home-based) or to a control group (waiting list). Inactivity was assessed using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for the Elderly. Depression levels were measured pre- and post-intervention with the Beck depression inventory (BDI). Several baseline measures were considered as possible predictors of post-intervention BDI score. RESULTS Participants in the walking intervention showed a significant decrease in depression as compared with controls. Baseline cognitive-BDI subscore, subjective health status, body mass index and adherence were post-intervention BDI score predictors. CONCLUSION A six-month, three-session per week, moderate intensity walking intervention with a minimal 50% adherence rate reduces depression in post-menopausal women at risk for depression due to physical inactivity. This type of walking intervention could be considered as a widely accessible prevention strategy to prevent depressive symptoms in post-menopausal women at risk of depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bernard
- a Laboratory EA4556 Epsylon , Montpellier 1 University , Montpellier , France
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20
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Neuromotor training in older women living in long-term care setting: a pilot study. Geriatr Nurs 2015; 36:361-6. [PMID: 26166002 DOI: 10.1016/j.gerinurse.2015.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This pilot study identified the effect and the feasibility of neuromotor training in a group of ageing women living in a long-term care setting. Thirty-five older women (mean age, 84.18 years; SD = 5.92 years) participated in the study. Twenty women were in the intervention group, and 15 women were in the control group. Data on mobility, activities of daily living (ADL) and fear of falling were collected before and after the 16-week training period. The neuromotor training program was based on concepts from motor control and motor learning. All participants completed the training program, and no adverse events occurred. The intervention group showed steady and significant improvements in mobility, ADL and fear of falling after the intervention, but the control group did not exhibit significant changes. Moreover, mediation analysis demonstrated the role of mobility as a mediator between participation in physical training and fear of falling.
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Heseltine R, Skelton DA, Kendrick D, Morris RW, Griffin M, Haworth D, Masud T, Iliffe S. "Keeping Moving": factors associated with sedentary behaviour among older people recruited to an exercise promotion trial in general practice. BMC FAMILY PRACTICE 2015; 16:67. [PMID: 26018127 PMCID: PMC4446807 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-015-0284-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background Sedentary behaviour is detrimental to health, even in those who achieve recommended levels of physical activity. Efforts to increase physical activity in older people so that they reach beneficial levels have been disappointing. Reducing sedentary behaviour may improve health and be less demanding of older people, but it is not clear how to achieve this. We explored the characteristics of sedentary older people enrolled into an exercise promotion trial to gain insights about those who were sedentary but wanted to increase activity. Method Participants in the ProAct65+ trial (2009–2013) were categorised as sedentary or not using a self-report questionnaire. Demographic data, health status, self-rated function and physical test performance were examined for each group. 1104 participants aged 65 & over were included in the secondary analysis of trial data from older people recruited via general practice. Results were analysed using logistic regression with stepwise backward elimination. Results Three hundred eighty seven (35 %) of the study sample were characterised as sedentary. The likelihood of being categorised as sedentary increased with an abnormal BMI (<18.5 or >25 kg/m2) (Odds Ratio 1.740, CI 1.248–2.425), ever smoking (OR 1.420, CI 1.042–1.934) and with every additional medication prescribed (OR 1.069, CI 1.016–1.124). Participants reporting better self-rated physical health (SF-12) were less likely to be sedentary; (OR 0.961, 0.936–0.987). Participants’ sedentary behaviour was not associated with gender, age, income, education, falls, functional fitness, quality of life or number of co-morbidities. Conclusion Some sedentary older adults will respond positively to an invitation to join an exercise study. Those who did so in this study had poor self-rated health, abnormal BMI, a history of smoking, and multiple medication use, and are therefore likely to benefit from an exercise intervention. Trial registration ISRCTN reference: ISRCTN43453770
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Heseltine
- Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill St., London, NW3 2PF, UK.
| | - Dawn A Skelton
- School of Health & Life Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Rd, Glasgow, Lanarkshire, G4 0BA, UK.
| | - Denise Kendrick
- Division of Primary Care, University of Nottingham, Floor 13, Tower Building, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK.
| | - Richard W Morris
- School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Canynge Hall, 39 Whatley Road, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.
| | - Mark Griffin
- Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill St., London, NW3 2PF, UK.
| | - Deborah Haworth
- Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill St., London, NW3 2PF, UK.
| | - Tahir Masud
- Nottingham University Hospital NHS Trust, Derby Rd, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Steve Iliffe
- Department of Primary Care & Population Health, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill St., London, NW3 2PF, UK.
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Brustio PR, Magistro D, Liubicich ME. Changes in temporal parameters during performance of the Step Test in older adults. Gait Posture 2015; 41:217-21. [PMID: 25455210 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2014.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Revised: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to examine the changes in the temporal parameters measured during the performance of the Step Test, to evaluate the relationship between age and these measurements and to determine their relationships to aerobic endurance, muscular strength and mobility in a sample of older adults. Eighty-eight older adults (mean age = 73.0 years, SD = 5.4) participated in the study. During the Step Test, we collected measurements of the following temporal parameters using the Optojump system: step number, support time and executive time. We also evaluated the performance of the Six-Minute Walk Test, the 30-Second Chair Rise Test and the Timed Up and Go Test. We observed a significant decrease in the step number and an increase in the support time and executive time (p = .001) during each minute of the test. The results revealed that the relationship between age and Step Test performance was attenuated when we controlled for potential confounding variables. Controlling for age, gender and BMI, variance in support time during the Step Test was accounted for by variance in 30-Second Chair Rise Test performance (partial r = -.224). Moreover, variance in executive time was accounted for by variance in 30-Second Chair Rise Test (partial r = .234) and Timed Up and Go Test performance (partial r = -.259). Understanding the factors that are associated with the performance of the Step Test may provide new insights into the development of specific intervention programmes for older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo R Brustio
- SUISM, University of Torino, Italy; Department of Psychology, University of Torino, Italy.
| | - Daniele Magistro
- Department of Psychology, University of Torino, Italy; Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, IDAC, Tohoku University, Japan.
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Candela F, Zucchetti G, Magistro D, Ortega E, Rabaglietti E. Real and Perceived Physical Functioning in Italian Elderly Population: Associations with BADL and IADL. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/aar.2014.35045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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