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Oyetola WD, Daou S, Bonfoh B, Bada Alambedji R. Impact of herd mobility on brucellosis seroprevalence and spread risk resulting from cross-border transhumance. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1446. [PMID: 38595033 PMCID: PMC11004542 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cross-border livestock mobility through transhumance is mainly practiced in West African countries for seasonal access to resources and market. Cross-border herds are involved in the dynamic of transboundary animal diseases among them brucellosis taken as model. Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease causing abortion. OBJECTIVES This study explores the seroprevalence of brucellosis according to mobility and infection spread between Mali and Côte d'Ivoire in the context of seasonal cross-border transhumance. METHODS From February to April 2021, a transversal serological survey of brucellosis was conducted on 521 cattle from 111 transhumant herds and 283 cattle from 59 sedentary herds, all from Mali. RESULTS The global individual seroprevalence for Brucella spp. in transhumant and sedentary cattle from Mali was 8.2% (95% CI = 6.0-10.5). At herd level, seroprevalence was 21.2% with a significant variation between transhumant (11.7%) and sedentary (39.0%) herds. For herds in transhumance, cattle seropositivity was associated with a previous infection suspected by herdsmen odds ratio (OR = 4.4; 95% CI = 1.1-18.1) and unknown abortion aetiology (OR = 4.3; 95% CI = 1.0-17.3). The departure region (coming from Sikasso) and previous brucellosis infection or unexplained abortion could be used to predict Brucella infection in transhumant herds with a probability of around 60%. The risk of brucellosis introduction in host regions was high despite the individual animal seroprevalence of 3.6% and a low sale rate in transhumant cattle. CONCLUSIONS The findings suggest that testing transhumant during border control and survey of cattle markets and sales could improve risk control of the spread of disease at regional scale.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samba Daou
- Ecole Inter‐Etats des Sciences et Médecine VétérinairesDakarSenegal
| | - Bassirou Bonfoh
- Centre Suisse de Recherche Scientifique en Côte d'IvoireAbidjanIvory Coast
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2
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Vecellio DJ, Lagoa CM, Conroy DE. Physical Activity Dependence on Relative Temperature and Humidity Characteristics in a Young, Insufficiently Active Population: A Weather Typing Analysis. J Phys Act Health 2024; 21:357-364. [PMID: 38290496 DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2023-0438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) is an important contributor to one's physical and mental health both acutely and across the lifespan. Much research has done on the ambient environment's impact on PA; however, these studies have used absolute values of atmospheric measures such as temperature and humidity, which vary spatiotemporally and make comparisons between studies which differ in location or time of year difficult to square with one another. METHODS Here, we employ the Global Weather Type Classification, Version 2, to determine the combined impact of temperature and humidity on PA in a sample of insufficiently active young adults. We conducted secondary analyses of data from a single-group behavioral intervention trial that varied the number of digital messages sent daily. Young adults (n = 81) wore Fitbit Versa smartwatches for a 6-month period sometime between April 2019 and July 2020, and location was tracked using a custom smartphone application. RESULTS Mixed linear models indicated that, across 8179 person-days, PA was significantly lower on days with humid conditions and significantly higher on warm dry days, though the latter relationship was no longer significant when controlling for timing in relation to the COVID-19 pandemic declaration. Demographic factors did not affect the relationship between weather and PA. CONCLUSIONS Results are a first step in providing additional guidance for encouraging PA in insufficiently active individuals given forecasted daily weather conditions. Future work should examine seasonal variability in the weather type-PA relationship without the influence of a world-altering event influencing results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Vecellio
- Center for Healthy Aging, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Constantino M Lagoa
- School of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - David E Conroy
- Center for Healthy Aging, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
- Department of Kinesiology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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3
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Vähä-Ypyä H, Husu P, Sievänen H, Vasankari T. Measurement of Sedentary Behavior-The Outcomes of the Angle for Posture Estimation (APE) Method. Sensors (Basel) 2024; 24:2241. [PMID: 38610452 PMCID: PMC11014150 DOI: 10.3390/s24072241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Hip-worn accelerometers are commonly used to assess habitual physical activity, but their accuracy in precisely measuring sedentary behavior (SB) is generally considered low. The angle for postural estimation (APE) method has shown promising accuracy in SB measurement. This method relies on the constant nature of Earth's gravity and the assumption that walking posture is typically upright. This study investigated how cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and body mass index (BMI) are related to APE output. A total of 3475 participants with adequate accelerometer wear time were categorized into three groups according to CRF or BMI. Participants in low CRF and high BMI groups spent more time in reclining and lying postures (APE ≥ 30°) and less time in sitting and standing postures (APE < 30°) than the other groups. Furthermore, the strongest partial Spearman correlation with CRF (r = 0.284) and BMI (r = -0.320) was observed for APE values typical for standing. The findings underscore the utility of the APE method in studying associations between SB and health outcomes. Importantly, this study emphasizes the necessity of reserving the term "sedentary behavior" for studies wherein the classification of SB is based on both intensity and posture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri Vähä-Ypyä
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, 33500 Tampere, Finland; (P.H.); (H.S.); (T.V.)
| | - Pauliina Husu
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, 33500 Tampere, Finland; (P.H.); (H.S.); (T.V.)
| | - Harri Sievänen
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, 33500 Tampere, Finland; (P.H.); (H.S.); (T.V.)
| | - Tommi Vasankari
- The UKK Institute for Health Promotion Research, 33500 Tampere, Finland; (P.H.); (H.S.); (T.V.)
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, 33014 Tampere, Finland
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Lazarowitz Zanzuri C, Hadas D, Hutzler Y, Goral A, Tsuk S. Remote Pilates Training Is Effective in Improving Physical Fitness in Healthy Women: A Randomized Controlled Study. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:724. [PMID: 38610146 PMCID: PMC11011810 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12070724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite its positive impact on physical and mental well-being, adults may refrain from performing regular physical activity, due to inadequate time, accessibility, or funds. Yet remote platforms could overcome such obstacles and increase participation. This study evaluated the effectiveness of remote-synchronous group-Pilates classes compared to in-studio classes in healthy sedentary women. In a randomized controlled design, 40 women, aged 20-45, were assigned to a Zoom or studio group-Pilates training. The intervention included twice-weekly 45 min sessions over an eight-week period. Attendance (adherence) was recorded, and the participants completed physical motor tests (plank, curl-up, stork, push-up, and V-sit and reach), Profile of Mood State Surveys, and Nordic Musculoskeletal Pain Questionnaires. Evaluations were performed at baseline, mid-intervention (4 weeks), and post intervention (8 weeks). Adherence to training was high in the Zoom and studio groups (80% and 74%, respectively). Improvements in physical motor tests were seen in both groups following the Pilates interventions, thereby indicating the effectiveness of group-Pilates Zoom training. In conclusion, remote online physical activity such as Pilates offers a good alternative to in-studio trainings, as a means for improving physical fitness and promoting a healthy lifestyle in adults, by offering a more accessible and less timely alternative to in-studio physical activity programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dan Hadas
- Paediatric Cardiology, Shamir (Assaf Harofeh) Medical Center, Zerifin 70300, Israel;
| | - Yeshayahu Hutzler
- Levinsky-Wingate Academic College, Netanya 4290200, Israel; (Y.H.); (A.G.); (S.T.)
- Israel Sport Center for the Disabled, Ramat-Gan 5253529, Israel
| | - Aviva Goral
- Levinsky-Wingate Academic College, Netanya 4290200, Israel; (Y.H.); (A.G.); (S.T.)
| | - Sharon Tsuk
- Levinsky-Wingate Academic College, Netanya 4290200, Israel; (Y.H.); (A.G.); (S.T.)
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Coyle EF. Physical inactivity causes exercise resistance of fat metabolism: harbinger or culprit of disease? J Physiol 2024. [PMID: 38477868 DOI: 10.1113/jp284169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity is the fourth leading cause of death in the world. It is associated with myriad diseases and premature death. Two possible contributing factors are postprandial lipidaemia (PPL), which accelerates atherosclerosis, and impaired whole-body fat oxidation, which contributes to obesity. Acute exercise in physically active people is effective for increasing whole body fat oxidation and lowering PPL the next morning. However, in people who have low physical activity (<8000 steps/day), an acute bout of exercise (1 h at 62% maximal oxygen consumption) has no effect on increasing fat oxidation or reducing PPL ('exercise resistance'). The acute harms of inactivity are not due to the lack of exercise and are more powerful than the benefits of exercise, at least regarding fat metabolism. The increase in mortality with reduced daily steps is remarkably steep. Low background steps/day also impair the metabolic adaptations to short-term endurance training, suggesting that the ills of inactivity extend beyond fat metabolism. 'Exercise resistance' with inactivity could be a culprit, causing atherosclerosis, or maybe also a harbinger (impaired fat oxidation) of more widespread diseases. Recommendations regarding the amount of moderate to vigorous exercise needed for health should factor in the amount of background activity (i.e. ∼8000 steps/day) necessary to avoid 'exercise resistance'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward F Coyle
- Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
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Howie EK, Nelson A, McVeigh JA, Andres A. Relationships between physical behaviour phenotypes of mothers in pregnancy and their offspring with child body composition. Acta Paediatr 2024; 113:486-494. [PMID: 38174743 DOI: 10.1111/apa.17089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to identify physical behaviour phenotypes in mothers in the first trimester and in their offspring at 24 months of age. The secondary aim was to examine relationships between mother and child behaviours with child body composition at age 24 months. METHODS Longitudinal secondary analysis of the Glowing cohort collected between 1 February 2011 and 22 August 2017 in Little Rock, Arkansas. Behaviours were measured using ankle-worn accelerometers in mothers during the first trimester and offspring at 24 months of age, including total activity, sleep, sedentary time and a novel variable of daily variation, patternicity. Child body fat was measured using quantitative nuclear magnetic resonance. RESULTS Three phenotypes were identified for mothers and children (n = 159 complete dyads). There were no relationships between mother and child phenotypes, but higher maternal patternicity was associated with higher child patternicity (0.2, 95% CI 0.1, 0.3, p = 0.001). There were no associations between mother or child phenotypes with child body composition, however higher child activity was associated with lower body fat (-0.01, 95% CI: -0.02, -0.001, p = 0.031). CONCLUSION Limited associations were found between mothers' pregnancy physical behaviours with child behaviours or child body composition at 24 months of age. Factors such as child diet or current parental physical activity may be better predictors of early childhood outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin K Howie
- Department of Health, Human Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Alexander Nelson
- Department of Computer Science and Computer Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas, USA
| | - Joanne A McVeigh
- Curtin School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
- Movement Physiology Laboratory, School of Physiology, University of Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Aline Andres
- Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center & Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas, USA
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Gentiluomo M, Dixon-Suen SC, Farinella R, Peduzzi G, Canzian F, Milne RL, Lynch BM, Campa D. Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Pancreatic Cancer Risk: A Mendelian Randomization Study. J Endocr Soc 2024; 8:bvae017. [PMID: 38425433 PMCID: PMC10904288 DOI: 10.1210/jendso/bvae017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is currently the seventh leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Understanding whether modifiable factors increase or decrease the risk of this disease is central to facilitating primary prevention. Several epidemiological studies have described the benefits of physical activity, and the risks associated with sedentary behavior, in relation to cancer. This study aimed to assess evidence of causal effects of physical activity and sedentary behavior on pancreatic cancer risk. We conducted a two-sample Mendelian randomization study using publicly available data for genetic variants associated with physical activity and sedentary behavior traits and genetic data from the Pancreatic Cancer Cohort Consortium (PanScan), the Pancreatic Cancer Case-Control Consortium (PanC4), and the FinnGen study for a total of 10 018 pancreatic cancer cases and 266 638 controls. We also investigated the role of body mass index (BMI) as a possible mediator between physical activity and sedentary traits and risk of developing pancreatic cancer. We found evidence of a causal association between genetically determined hours spent watching television (hours per day) and increased risk of pancreatic cancer for each hour increment (PanScan-PanC4 odds ratio = 1.52, 95% confidence interval 1.17-1.98, P = .002). Additionally, mediation analysis showed that genetically determined television-watching time was strongly associated with BMI, and the estimated proportion of the effect of television-watching time on pancreatic cancer risk mediated by BMI was 54%. This study reports the first Mendelian randomization-based evidence of a causal association between a measure of sedentary behavior (television-watching time) and risk of pancreatic cancer and that this is strongly mediated by BMI. Summary: Pancreatic cancer is a deadly disease that is predicted to become the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths by 2030. Physical activity and sedentary behaviors have been linked to cancer risk and survival. However, there is limited research on their correlation with pancreatic cancer. To investigate this, we used a Mendelian randomization approach to examine the genetic predisposition to physical activity and sedentariness and their relation to pancreatic cancer risk, while excluding external confounders. Our findings revealed a causal link between the time spent watching television and an increased risk of pancreatic cancer. Additionally, we determined that over half of the effect of watching television on pancreatic risk is mediated by the individual's BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Gentiluomo
- Unit of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 56126
| | - Suzanne C Dixon-Suen
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
| | - Riccardo Farinella
- Unit of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 56126
| | - Giulia Peduzzi
- Unit of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 56126
| | - Federico Canzian
- Genomic Epidemiology Group, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany 69120
| | - Roger L Milne
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Precision Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia 3168
| | - Brigid M Lynch
- Cancer Epidemiology Division, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia
- Centre for Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Physical Activity Laboratory, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia 3004
| | - Daniele Campa
- Unit of Genetics, Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy 56126
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Acevedo-Gómez MB, Rodríguez-López ES, Oliva-Pascual-Vaca Á, Fernández-Rodríguez T, Basas-García Á, Ojedo-Martín C. Is the Elite Female Athlete's Pelvic Floor Stronger? J Clin Med 2024; 13:908. [PMID: 38337602 PMCID: PMC10856500 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13030908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Exercise can stress the pelvic floor muscles (PFMs). This study sought to assess the strength of the PFMs according to the level of physical exercise. Methods: An analytical observational study was carried out using digital palpation and dynamometry measurements to assess PF strength. Healthy nulliparous women were stratified according to physical exercise (physically active and sedentary) and level of physical exercise (elite, amateur, and sedentary). Results: Fifty-four women were analyzed, with a mean age of 25.64 (5.33) years and a BMI of 21.41 (2.96) kg/m2. Differences in the passive force and strength were observed between both groups of women (p < 0.05), and the strength was around two times higher in physically active women (p < 0.05). The strength was similar between elite female athletes and sedentary women (p > 0.05), but statistical differences were found with amateurs (p < 0.05). The PFM strength (p = 0.019) of elite female athletes (0.34 N) was almost half that of amateurs (0.63 N) and twice as strong as that of sedentary women (0.20 N). However, these differences were not significant using digital palpation (p = 0.398). Conclusions: Women who exercise generally have greater PFM strength than women who do not exercise. Physical exercise could strengthen the PFM; however, the high intensity demanded by high-level sports does not seem to proportionally increase the strength of the PFMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Barbaño Acevedo-Gómez
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences—HM Hospitals, University Camilo José Cela, 28014 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.A.-G.); (T.F.-R.); (C.O.-M.)
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - Elena Sonsoles Rodríguez-López
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences—HM Hospitals, University Camilo José Cela, 28014 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.A.-G.); (T.F.-R.); (C.O.-M.)
| | - Ángel Oliva-Pascual-Vaca
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Department of Physiotherapy, Universidad de Sevilla, 41013 Seville, Spain;
| | - Tomás Fernández-Rodríguez
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences—HM Hospitals, University Camilo José Cela, 28014 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.A.-G.); (T.F.-R.); (C.O.-M.)
| | - Ángel Basas-García
- Department of Physiotherapy, Royal Spanish Athletics Federation, 28008 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Cristina Ojedo-Martín
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences—HM Hospitals, University Camilo José Cela, 28014 Madrid, Spain; (M.B.A.-G.); (T.F.-R.); (C.O.-M.)
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Laxton P, Healy S, Brewer B, Patterson F. Prevalence of current smoking and association with meeting 24-h movement guidelines: Results from a national convenience sample of autistic adults. Autism 2024; 28:474-483. [PMID: 37291870 DOI: 10.1177/13623613231178571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
LAY ABSTRACT Cigarette smoking is a leading risk behavior for cardiovascular disease; yet its prevalence and determinants are not clear in autistic adults. We examined the prevalence of current smoking and its association between meeting 24-h movement (i.e. sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behavior) guidelines in a self-selecting convenience sample of 259 autistic adults in the United States. We found that current smokers met fewer 24-h movement guidelines. Most significant, those who had insufficient sleep and those with high levels of sedentary behavior were more likely to be current smokers. Therefore, targeting these movement behaviors may be potential intervention targets for smoking cessation.
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R A, Srivastava K, Nair GR, Vajjala SM, Verma P, Palal D, Ray S. A Cross-Sectional Study on Sedentary Lifestyle Among Budding Doctors: Silent Killer? Cureus 2024; 16:e53684. [PMID: 38455790 PMCID: PMC10918438 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.53684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Internship is the time period when young doctors learn to balance between professional and personal lives. If they have good awareness and practice of any kind of physical activity during this period, it will help them to continue it forward. This enables them to educate and inspire people and patients around them. The main objectives of this study were to assess patterns of physical activity among medical interns and to understand the factors preventing physical activity among them. Methodology This cross-sectional survey was carried out among interns of a tertiary care hospital in western Maharashtra from July 2022 to September 2022. Ethical clearance was obtained before starting data collection. The survey was administered to those who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The questionnaire was adopted from the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. The data collected were entered into Microsoft Excel (Microsoft Corporation, Redmond, WA) and analysis was done using MedCalc v.18.2.1 (MedCalc Software Ltd, Ostend, Belgium). Results A total of 220 interns were enrolled in the survey, of which 13 were removed due to incomplete data and 28 interns did not participate in the study. Finally, 179 interns were included for analysis in the study. The response rate was 87.27%. The mean age of participants was 23.12 years. The study population consisted of 72 (40.22%) males and 107 (59.78%) females. Among participants, 33 interns (18.44%) were involved in vigorous activity during work, and 108 interns (60.34%) were involved in moderate physical activity during work. The median time of a sedentary lifestyle was 300 minutes per day and was more common among males. Cumulatively busy working schedules and exam preparation were the important reasons for reduced physical activity. Conclusion There is a gap in the practice of physical activity among interns. A sedentary lifestyle was more prevalent among male interns than in female interns. The main constraints were demanding working hours and the pressure of competitive exams. Medical students will become doctors in the future who can advise their patients on healthy lifestyle habits. We recommend that it is necessary to promote physical activity in medical schools and to reinforce the importance of physical exercise in the medical curriculum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhil R
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, IND
| | - Kajal Srivastava
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, IND
| | - Gayatri R Nair
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, IND
| | - Sai Mahesh Vajjala
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, IND
| | - Prerna Verma
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, IND
| | - Deepu Palal
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, IND
| | - Suman Ray
- Department of Community Medicine, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Dr. D. Y. Patil Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, IND
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Armada C, Sánchez-Alcaraz BJ, Courel-Ibáñez J, Segarra-Vicens E. Differences in the Levels of Physical Activity and Sport Habits between Men and Women in Cartagena (Spain). Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:28. [PMID: 38251302 PMCID: PMC10819185 DOI: 10.3390/sports12010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Scientific evidence proves the importance of physical activity and sports in decreasing morbidity and mortality rates and health-related costs. Public and stakeholder involvement is vital in the sustainable promotion of physical activity and sports practice in local settings. The aim of this study was to identify the levels of physical activity and sports habits of the population of the city Cartagena (Spain). The short version of the International Questionnaire of Physical Activity was used (IQPA) and a virtual questionnaire on sports habits was sent to 1450 citizens. Responses from 248 people (162 men and 86 women), with ages ranging from 18 to 77 years old (average age = 41 ± 17 years old), were collected. The results showed low to moderate levels of physical activity with no considerable differences between men and women for the population of Cartagena. Women were shown to engage in higher intensity practice of physical activity, whereas men were shown to be more consistent and have a significantly higher participation rate in sports events, both those with free entry and those that require the acquisition of a ticket. Men were also shown to have a higher rate of media sport use. This information may assist in the development of effective political actions to promote physical activity and sports in local settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celia Armada
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, 30720 Murcia, Spain; (B.J.S.-A.); (E.S.-V.)
| | | | | | - Eduardo Segarra-Vicens
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Murcia, 30720 Murcia, Spain; (B.J.S.-A.); (E.S.-V.)
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Manning KM, Hall KS, Sloane R, Magistro D, Rabaglietti E, Lee CC, Castle S, Kopp T, Giffuni J, Katzel L, McDonald M, Miyamoto M, Pearson M, Jennings SC, Bettger JP, Morey MC. Longitudinal analysis of physical function in older adults: The effects of physical inactivity and exercise training. Aging Cell 2024; 23:e13987. [PMID: 37681737 PMCID: PMC10776115 DOI: 10.1111/acel.13987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lack of exercise contributes to systemic inflammation and is a major cause of chronic disease. The long-term impact of initiating and sustaining exercise in late life, as opposed to sustaining a sedentary lifestyle, on whole-body health measures such as physical performance is not well known. This is an exploratory study to compare changes in physical performance among older adults initiating exercise late in life versus inactive older adults. Data from two observational cohorts were included in this analysis, representing two activity groups. The Active group cohort comprises older adults (n = 318; age 72.5 ± 7.2 years) enrolled in a supervised exercise program, "Gerofit." The inactive group comprises older adults (n = 146; age 74.5 ± 5.5 years) from the Italian study "Act on Ageing" (AOA) who self-reported being inactive. Participants in both groups completed physical performance battery at baseline and 1-year including: 6-min walk test, 30-s chair stand, and timed up-and-go. Two-sample t-tests measured differences between Gerofit and AOA at baseline and 1-year across all measures. Significant between-group effects were seen for all performance measures (ps = 0.001). The AOA group declined across all measures from baseline to 1 year (range -18% to -24% change). The Gerofit group experienced significant gains in function for all measures (range +10% to +31% change). Older adults who initiated routine, sustained exercise were protected from age-related declines in physical performance, while those who remained sedentary suffered cumulative deficits across strength, aerobic endurance, and mobility. Interventions to reduce sedentary behaviors and increase physical activity are both important to promote multi-system, whole-body health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M. Manning
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterVA Health Care SystemDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Katherine S. Hall
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterVA Health Care SystemDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Medicine, Center for the Study of Aging/Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Richard Sloane
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterVA Health Care SystemDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Medicine, Center for the Study of Aging/Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | | | | | - Cathy C. Lee
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterVA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare SystemLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | - Steven Castle
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterVA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare SystemLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
- David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Jamie Giffuni
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical CenterVA Maryland Health Care SystemBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Leslie Katzel
- Geriatric Research, Education and Clinical CenterVA Maryland Health Care SystemBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- School of MedicineUniversity of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Michelle McDonald
- Geritaric Rehabilitation and Clinical CenterVA Pacific Health Care SystemHonoluluHawaiiUSA
| | - Miles Miyamoto
- Geritaric Rehabilitation and Clinical CenterVA Pacific Health Care SystemHonoluluHawaiiUSA
| | - Megan Pearson
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterVA Health Care SystemDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Stephen C. Jennings
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterVA Health Care SystemDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Janet Prvu Bettger
- Department of Orthopedic SurgeryDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Roybal CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Miriam C. Morey
- Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical CenterVA Health Care SystemDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
- Department of Medicine, Center for the Study of Aging/Claude D. Pepper Older Americans Independence CenterDuke University Medical CenterDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
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13
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Liyanage E, Chellapillai D, Liyanage I, Samarakoon C, Samarasekara H, Rikas M. Sinhala version of the Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire: Cross-cultural adaptation and validation. Work 2024; 77:547-559. [PMID: 37718826 DOI: 10.3233/wor-220295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) are highly prevalent among people who work in sedentary jobs. The Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaire (CMDQ) is a valid tool to assess WMSDs, but is not available in the local language of Sri Lanka (Sinhala). OBJECTIVE To cross-culturally adapt the original CMDQ from English to Sinhala and evaluate its psychometric properties. METHODS The linguistic and cultural adaptation of the CMDQ to the Sinhala (Si-CMDQ) language followed international guidelines. The adapted pre-version was tested for comprehensibility among 32 subjects from different educational and occupational backgrounds. The Content Validity Index (CVI) was computed with ratings from five experts. The questionnaire was validated further by 111 security guards employed at the university. The tool was validated with reference to the Numeric Rating Scale. Test-retest reliability was assessed at two time points one week apart and internal consistency was tested. RESULTS The Si-CMDQ showed adequate cross-cultural, content and construct validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. The Kappa coefficient showed excellent agreement between NRS and Si-CMDQ frequency scale. Spearman's correlation coefficients showed a moderate to a strong significant positive correlation between NRS and the severity scale of Si-CMDQ. The Kappa values for test-retest reliability were moderate to excellent for the three scales of CMDQ. The internal consistency was high. CONCLUSION The Si-CMDQ fulfilled the psychometric requirement for questionnaires. This tool will be beneficial to assess WMSDs among sedentary workers in different occupations in Sri Lanka.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Liyanage
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - Dhananjee Chellapillai
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, General Sir John Kotelawala Defence University, Colombo, Sri Lanka
| | - Indrajith Liyanage
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - Chamini Samarakoon
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - Heshani Samarasekara
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka
| | - Mohamed Rikas
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka
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14
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Wennman H, Partonen T. Impacts of temperature and solar radiation changes in northern Europe on key population health behaviors: a scoping review of reviews. Scand J Public Health 2023:14034948231216909. [PMID: 38142291 DOI: 10.1177/14034948231216909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
AIM Climate change threatens health directly as well as indirectly through impacts on health-related behaviors. Physical activity, nutrition and sleep are key health-related behaviors for population health. We aimed at elucidating the impacts of climate change which emerge gradually on these three key health-related behaviors, particularly focusing on scenarios and projections relevant to people living in the northern Europe. METHODS We conducted a systematic literature search in three different databases in January 2023 to identify English language review articles summarizing the effects of climate change on either physical activity, nutrition, sleep, or their combination. RESULTS We identified 15 review articles on the topic. Data on climate change impacts on nutrition and sleep were sparse, and those on physical activity were heterogeneous. The climate in northern Europe will become warmer and sunnier in summer as well as warmer and darker in winter, which will probably increase the level of physical activity, but decrease the consumption of fruits and vegetables, as well as increase the occurrence of sleep disturbances in a population. CONCLUSIONS The anticipated changes in physical activity, nutrition and sleep driven by climate change influence population health and call for grass-roots action plans for adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heini Wennman
- Equality Unit, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland
| | - Timo Partonen
- Equality Unit, Department of Public Health and Welfare, Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Finland
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15
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Rodríguez-García L, Ceylan HI, Silva RM, Silva AF, Guadalupe-Grau A, Liñán-González A. Effects of 10-Week Online Moderate- to High-Intensity Interval Training on Body Composition, and Aerobic and Anaerobic Performance during the COVID-19 Lockdown. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 12:37. [PMID: 38200944 PMCID: PMC10778575 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the effects of a 10-week online high-intensity interval training (HIIT) program on body composition and aerobic and aerobic performance in physically sedentary women. A parallel, two-group, longitudinal (pre, post) design was used with physical tests performed before (preintervention) and after (postintervention) the 10-week intervention period. A total of forty-eight healthy and physically sedentary women (defined as an individual who lacks regular exercise or a structured fitness routine) were recruited to participate in this study. The participants were distributed in two groups: the experimental group (EG) with 24 women (mean ± SD: age 21.21 ± 2.15 years; weight: 61.16 ± 8.94 kg; height: 163.96 ± 4.87 cm; body mass index (BMI): 22.69 ± 2.49 kg/m2) and the control group (CG) with another 24 women (mean ± SD: age 20.50 ± 1.29 years; weight: 62.0 ± 6.65 kg; height: 163.92 ± 4.89 cm; body mass index: 23.04 ± 1.74 kg/m2). The EG performed an online HIIT program for 10 weeks, while the CG continued with their daily life routines. The repeated measures ANCOVA indicated a significant effect in the within-group analysis for weight (p = 0.001; d = -0.96) and for BMI (p = 0.001; d = 0.24), with a significant decrease in the experimental group (EG). The control group (CG) did not show any significant decrease in either body weight or BMI. Regarding the maximal oxygen uptake (VO2 max) values, the EG exhibited a significant improvement (p = 0.001; d = -1.07), whereas the CG did not demonstrate a significant improvement (p = 0.08; d = -0.37). The EG's power output (W) (p = 0.001; d = -0.50) and power output standardized by body weight (W/kg) (p = 0.001; d = -0.96) were significantly improved. The CG did not show a significant improvement in either power output (W/kg) or power output. Lastly, the within-group analysis with load revealed that the EG significantly improved (p = 0.001; d = -0.50), while CG did not show a significant improvement in load (p = 0.10.; d = -0.10). The present study showed that 10 weeks of HIIT in an online environment during the COVID-19 lockdown significantly improved maximum oxygen consumption and caused weight loss and a significant decrease in body mass index in physically sedentary women. These results suggest that HIIT may be used as a time-efficient strategy to improve body composition and cardio-respiratory fitness in sedentary women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Rodríguez-García
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Pontifical University of Comillas, 07013 Palma, Spain;
- SER Research Group, Pontifical University of Comillas, 07013 Palma, Spain
| | - Halil Ibrahim Ceylan
- Physical Education and Sports Teaching Department, Kazim Karabekir Faculty of Education, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey;
| | - Rui Miguel Silva
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Delegação da Covilhã, Instituto de Telecomunicações, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Filipa Silva
- Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun’Álvares, 4900-347 Viana do Castelo, Portugal
- Delegação da Covilhã, Instituto de Telecomunicações, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Amelia Guadalupe-Grau
- GENUD Toledo Research Group, Universidad Castilla-La Mancha, 45002 Toledo, Spain;
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Liñán-González
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Melilla Campus, University of Granada, 52005 Melilla, Spain;
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Rodriguez Roca B, Tully MA, Sansano-Nadal O, Caserotti P, Coll-Planas L, Roqué M, Brønd J, Blackburn NE, Wilson JJ, Rothenbacher D, McIntosh E, Deidda M, Andrade-Gómez E, Giné-Garriga M. Is education level, as a proxy for socio-economic position, related to device-measured and self-reported sedentary behavior in European older adults? A cross-sectional study from the SITLESS project. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1296821. [PMID: 38169596 PMCID: PMC10758416 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1296821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sedentary behavior (SB) is a determinant of health in older adult people. Educational level is a primary driver of health disparities and is demonstrated to be a reliable measure of socioeconomic position. We aimed to examine the associations between educational level and self-reported along with device-measured SB in older adults living in Europe and the association of mentally active and passive SB domains with the educational level and gender in these associations. Methods The design is cross-sectional. One thousand three hundred and sixty participants aged 65 and over (75.3±6.3 years old, 61.8% women) participated. Inclusion criteria were scored with the Short Physical Performance Battery. Variables that describe the sample were assessed with an interview, and device-measured SB was assessed with an accelerometer. SB was assessed with the Sedentary Behavior Questionnaire and an accelerometer. Multiple linear regression models were used to study the association between the level of education and SB. Results Participants self-reported an average of 7.82 (SD: 3.02) daily waking hours of SB during weekend days, and the average of device-measured SB was 11.39 (1.23) h. Total mentally active SB (weekdays and weekends) was associated with the education level (p < 0.000). Participants were more sedentary during the week than during weekends, regardless of level of education (p < 0.000). Education level was significantly associated with self-reported mean hours per day in 46SB (p = 0.000; R=0.026; 95%CI). Conclusion Low education level in older adults is associated with self-reported SB but not with objective SB measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Rodriguez Roca
- Department of Physiatry and Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mark A. Tully
- Institute of Mental Health Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, United Kingdom
| | - Oriol Sansano-Nadal
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE) Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
- School of Health and Sport Sciences (EUSES), Rovira i Virgili University, Amposta, Spain
| | - Paolo Caserotti
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Center for Active and Healthy Ageing (CAHA), Syddansk Universitet, Odense, Denmark
| | - Laura Coll-Planas
- Fundació Salut I Envelliment (Foundation on Health and Ageing) – UAB, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Roqué
- Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre - Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau), CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jan Brønd
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, Center for Active and Healthy Ageing (CAHA), Syddansk Universitet, Odense, Denmark
| | - Nicole E. Blackburn
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, School of Health Sciences, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, United Kingdom
| | - Jason J. Wilson
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, School of Sport, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, United Kingdom
| | | | - Emma McIntosh
- Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment (HEHTA), Institute of Health and Wellbeing (IHW), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Manuela Deidda
- Health Economics and Health Technology Assessment (HEHTA), Institute of Health and Wellbeing (IHW), University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Elena Andrade-Gómez
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Maria Giné-Garriga
- Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Psychology, Education and Sport Sciences (FPCEE) Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Health Sciences (FCS) Blanquerna, Ramon Llull University, Barcelona, Spain
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17
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Wahlström V, Januario LB, Mathiassen SE, Heiden M, Hallman DM. Hybrid office work in women and men: do directly measured physical behaviors differ between days working from home and days working at the office? Ann Work Expo Health 2023; 67:1043-1055. [PMID: 37795673 PMCID: PMC10683849 DOI: 10.1093/annweh/wxad057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated and compared temporal sitting patterns among male and female hybrid office workers when working at the office (WAO), working from home (WFH), and for non-working days (NWD). METHODS We analyzed data collected in 2020 among 165 hybrid office workers, carrying thigh-worn accelerometers for 938 days in total. Day type (WAO, WFH, or NWD) and time in bed were identified using diaries. Time awake was exhaustively classified as non-sitting time and time sitting in short, moderate, and long bouts. Effects of day type and gender on the 24-h compositions of physical behaviors were analyzed using multilevel linear mixed models. RESULTS During workdays (both WAO and WFH), workers spent less time in bed and more time sitting, particularly in moderate and long bouts, than during NWD. Time in bed was longer when working from home than when working at the office, and more of the awake time was spent sitting. Differences between WAO and WFH in ratios between short, moderate, and long bouts of sitting were small and inconsistent. Men spent more time sitting than women, and more time in moderate and long sitting bouts relative to short bouts. CONCLUSIONS When working from home, hybrid office workers sat more during their hours awake compared to when working at the office. Sitting time was larger during working days than during non-working days and was higher in men than in women. These results may contribute to support organizational policies for hybrid work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viktoria Wahlström
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Section of Sustainable Health, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Leticia Bergamin Januario
- Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, SE-801 76 Gävle, Sweden
| | - Svend Erik Mathiassen
- Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, SE-801 76 Gävle, Sweden
| | - Marina Heiden
- Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, SE-801 76 Gävle, Sweden
| | - David M Hallman
- Department of Occupational Health Science and Psychology, Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Gävle, SE-801 76 Gävle, Sweden
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Crowley P, Kildedal R, Vindelev SO, Jacobsen SS, Larsen JR, Johansson PJ, Aadahl M, Straker L, Stamatakis E, Holtermann A, Mork PJ, Gupta N. A Novel System for the Device-Based Measurement of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Sleep (Motus): Usability Evaluation. JMIR Form Res 2023; 7:e48209. [PMID: 37976096 PMCID: PMC10692873 DOI: 10.2196/48209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Device-based measurements of physical behavior, using the current methods, place a large burden on participants. The Motus system could reduce this burden by removing the necessity for in-person meetings, replacing diaries written on paper with digital diaries, and increasing the automation of feedback generation. OBJECTIVE This study aims to describe the development of the Motus system and evaluate its potential to reduce participant burden in a two-phase usability evaluation. METHODS Motus was developed around (1) a thigh-worn accelerometer with Bluetooth data transfer; (2) a smartphone app containing an attachment guide, a digital diary, and facilitating automated data transfer; (3) a cloud infrastructure for data storage; (4) an analysis software to generate feedback for participants; and (5) a web-based app for administrators. We recruited 19 adults with a mean age of 45 (SD 11; range 27-63) years, of which 11 were female, to assist in the two-phase evaluation of Motus. A total of 7 participants evaluated the usability of mockups for a smartphone app in phase 1. Participants interacted with the app while thinking aloud, and any issues raised were classified as critical, serious, or minor by observers. This information was used to create an improved and functional smartphone app for evaluation in phase 2. A total of 12 participants completed a 7-day free-living measurement with Motus in phase 2. On day 1, participants attempted 20 system-related tasks under observation, including registration on the study web page, reading the information letter, downloading and navigating the smartphone app, attaching an accelerometer on the thigh, and completing a diary entry for both work and sleep hours. Task completion success and any issues encountered were noted by the observer. On completion of the 7-day measurement, participants provided a rating from 0 to 100 on the System Usability Scale and participated in a semistructured interview aimed at understanding their experience in more detail. RESULTS The task completion rate for the 20 tasks was 100% for 13 tasks, >80% for 4 tasks, and <50% for 3 tasks. The average rating of system usability was 86 on a 0-100 scale. Thematic analysis indicated that participants perceived the system as easy to use and remember, and subjectively pleasing overall. Participants with shift work reported difficulty with entering sleep hours, and 66% (8/12) of the participants experienced slow data transfer between the app and the cloud infrastructure. Finally, a few participants desired a greater degree of detail in the generated feedback. CONCLUSIONS Our two-phase usability evaluation indicated that the overall usability of the Motus system is high in free-living. Issues around the system's slow data transfer, participants with atypical work shifts, and the degree of automation and detail of generated feedback should be addressed in future iterations of the Motus system. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) RR2-10.2196/35697.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Crowley
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rasmus Kildedal
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | | | - Jon Roslyng Larsen
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter J Johansson
- Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mette Aadahl
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Leon Straker
- School of Allied Health, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Emmanuel Stamatakis
- Charles Perkins Centre, Mackenzie Wearables Research Hub, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andreas Holtermann
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Paul Jarle Mork
- Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- The National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
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19
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Torres L, Caciula MC, Tomoiaga AS, Gugu-Gramatopol C. Correlations between Mental Health, Physical Activity, and Body Composition in American College Students after the COVID-19 Pandemic Lockdown. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:7045. [PMID: 37998276 PMCID: PMC10670983 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20227045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Restrictions associated with the COVID-19 pandemic had forced American college students to significantly reduce their daily energy expenditure and increase their sedentary behaviors, thus presumably increasing mental health symptoms, decreasing physical activity levels, and enhancing the promotion of unhealthy eating habits. This study aimed to explore the correlations between mental health symptoms, physical activity levels, and body composition in college students in the years following the pandemic, focusing on the lingering effects of lockdown measures. American college students completed pre-existing, well-validated surveys for both mental health (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) and physical activity (International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Long Form). Body composition was assessed in person with the use of an Inbody 570 device. Of the 90 American college students (M age = 22.52 ± 4.54, 50 females) who participated in this study, depressive and anxious symptom scores consistent with heightened symptomatology were reported by 58% of the participants (N = 52), moderate borderline symptomatology by 17% (N = 15), and asymptomatology by 25% (N = 23). In regard to physical activity, 79% (N = 71) of the students were highly physically active, 18% (N = 16) were moderately active, and 3% (N = 3) reported low levels of physical activity. Additionally, 46% (N = 41) of the students maintained an unhealthy body fat percentage based on the World Health Organization recommendations. Strong, significant relationships were found between anxiety and depression symptomatology and body fat percentage (positive correlation, p = 0.003) and between anxiety and depression symptomatology and skeletal muscle mass (negative correlation, p = 0.015), with said symptomatology increasing with added body fat and decreasing with added skeletal muscle mass. The COVID-19 pandemic lockdown restrictions affected American college students through an increase in mental health symptomatology and a deterioration in overall body composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Torres
- Department of Exercise Science and Physical Education, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ 07043, USA
| | - Manuela C. Caciula
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, New Jersey City University, Jersey City, NJ 07305, USA;
| | - Alin S. Tomoiaga
- Department of Accounting, Business, Analytics, CIS, and Law, Manhattan College, Bronx, NY 10471, USA;
| | - Carmen Gugu-Gramatopol
- Department of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Brasov, 500036 Brasov, Romania;
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20
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Kuo HI, Hsieh MH, Lin YT, Nitsche MA. Acute Aerobic Exercise at Different Intensities Modulates Motor Learning Performance and Cortical Excitability in Sedentary Individuals. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0182-23.2023. [PMID: 37932044 PMCID: PMC10668209 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0182-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Converging evidence indicates the beneficial effects of aerobic exercise on motor learning performance. Underlying mechanisms might be an impact of aerobic exercise on neuroplasticity and cortical excitability. Evidence suggests that motor learning and cortical excitability alterations correlate with the intensity of aerobic exercise and the activity level of participants. Thus, this study aims to investigate the effects of different aerobic exercise intensities on motor learning and cortical excitability in sedentary individuals. The study was conducted in a crossover and double-blind design. Twenty-six healthy sedentary individuals (13 women and 13 men) performed a motor learning task and received a cortical excitability assessment before and after a single session of low-, moderate-, and high-intensity aerobic exercise or a control intervention. The study revealed that motor learning performance and cortical excitability were significantly enhanced in the moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, compared with the other conditions. These findings suggest aerobic exercise intensity-dependent effects on motor learning in sedentary adults. The underlying mechanism might be an exercised-induced alteration of cortical excitability, specifically a reduction of GABA activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiao-I Kuo
- School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
- Department of Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Hsien Hsieh
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Lin
- Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - Michael A Nitsche
- Department Psychology and Neurosciences, Leibniz Research Center for Working Environment and Human Factors, 44139 Dortmund, Germany
- Bielefeld University, University Hospital OWL, Protestant Hospital of Bethel Foundation, University Clinic of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and University Clinic of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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21
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Das C, Mishra B, Mondal S, Mondal H. Anticipatory Heart Rate Before Moderate- and Vigorous-Intensity Exercise Among Sedentary and Physically Active Young Adult Males. Cureus 2023; 15:e49707. [PMID: 38161957 PMCID: PMC10757437 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Anticipatory heart rate (HR) refers to an increase in HR that occurs in anticipation of a future event or activity. The anticipatory heart rate (HR) response before exercise is an important physiological indicator of exercise readiness. This study aimed to compare the anticipatory HR changes between sedentary and physically active young adult males during moderate- and vigorous-intensity exercise. Understanding these anticipatory heart rate patterns can provide insights into the physiological adaptations and cardiovascular health of individuals with varying physical activity levels. Materials and methods A total of 60 young adult males, comprising sedentary (n = 30) and physically active individuals (n = 30), participated in this study. A brisk walking for a distance of 50 m was considered moderate intensity and one minute of spot jogging at maximum effort with verbal encouragement was considered vigorous intensity exercise. The HR was recorded at baseline, just before the exercise, and on each minute up to 5 minutes after the exercise. Results The study involved 30 physically active young adult males (mean age 20.23 ± 1.43 years) and 30 sedentary adult males (mean age 20.07 ± 1.17 years). In physically active young adults, the resting HR was 76.4±10.89 bpm and just before starting moderate-intensity exercise, it was 78.83±12.98 bpm, paired t-test P = 0.22. The HR just before vigorous-intensity exercise was 80.83±11.18 bpm (paired t-test P = 0.03). In sedentary young adults, the resting HR was 82.23±12.69 bpm and just before starting moderate-intensity exercise, it was 90.13±18.69 bpm, paired t-test P = 0.0008. The HR just before vigorous-intensity exercise was 91.7±15.04 bpm (paired t-test P <0.0001). Conclusion Physically active young adults did not exhibit a significant increase in anticipatory HR before moderate-intensity exercise. However, sedentary individuals exhibit a significant anticipatory HR response. Before vigorous-intensity exercise, both exhibited significant increments in HR. The result highlights the importance of considering the anticipatory HR response as a potential marker of cardiovascular health and exercise readiness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chinmay Das
- Physiology, Saheed Laxman Nayak Medical College and Hospital, Koraput, IND
| | | | - Shaikat Mondal
- Physiology, Raiganj Government Medical College and Hospital, Raiganj, IND
| | - Himel Mondal
- Physiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Deoghar, Deoghar, IND
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Tallon CM, Nowak‐Flück D, Reiger MG, Green DJ, Tremblay MS, Ainslie PN, McManus AM. Exercise breaks prevent attenuation in cerebrovascular function following an acute bout of uninterrupted sitting in healthy children. Exp Physiol 2023; 108:1386-1399. [PMID: 37731204 PMCID: PMC10988444 DOI: 10.1113/ep091314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of an acute bout of prolonged sitting with and without exercise breaks on cerebrovascular function in 7- to 13-year-old children. Forty-two children and adolescents were recruited to a crossover trial, with 15 girls (mean age 10.1 ± 2.5 years) and 16 boys (mean age 10.5 ± 1.3 years) completing the two trial conditions: SIT, uninterrupted sitting for 3 h and CYCLE, 3 h of sitting interrupted hourly with a 10-min moderate intensity exercise break. Cerebrovascular function was measured Pre and Post SIT and CYCLE from blood flow (Q ̇ ${\dot{Q}}$ ), diameter, and shear rate of the internal carotid artery (ICA) at rest and in response to CO2 . Blood velocity in the middle (MCA) and posterior (PCA) cerebral arteries was assessed at rest, during a neurovascular coupling task (NVC) and in response to CO2 . We demonstrate that SIT but not CYCLE reduced ICA cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 (%Δ ICAQ ̇ ${\dot{Q}}$ /Δ end-tidal CO2 : SIT: Pre 5.0 ± 2.4%/mmHg to Post 3.3 ± 2.8%/mmHg vs. CYCLE: Pre 4.4 ± 2.3%/mmHg to Post 5.3 ± 3.4%/mmHg, P = 0.05) and slowed the MCA blood velocity onset response time to hypercapnia (SIT: Pre 57.2 ± 32.6 s to Post 76.6 ± 55.2 s, vs. CYCLE: Pre 64.1 ± 40.4 s to Post 52.3 ± 28.8 s, P = 0.05). There were no changes in NVC. Importantly, breaking up prolonged sitting with hourly exercise breaks prevented the reductions in cerebrovascular reactivity to CO2 and the slowed intracranial blood velocity onset response time to hypercapnia apparent with uninterrupted sitting in children. NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? What are the effects of interrupting prolonged sitting on cerebrovascular function in children? What is the main finding and its importance? Prolonged sitting results in declines in cerebrovascular reactivity, a valuable index of cerebrovascular health. Breaking up prolonged sitting with hourly 10 min exercise breaks prevented these changes. These initial findings suggest excessive sedentary behaviour does impact cerebrovascular function in childhood, but taking exercise breaks prevents declines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine M. Tallon
- Centre for Heart, Lung, and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaKelownaBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Daniela Nowak‐Flück
- Centre for Heart, Lung, and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaKelownaBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Mathew G. Reiger
- Centre for Heart, Lung, and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaKelownaBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Daniel J. Green
- School of Human Science (Sport and Exercise Sciences)The University of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - Mark S. Tremblay
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research InstituteOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Phil N. Ainslie
- Centre for Heart, Lung, and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaKelownaBritish ColumbiaCanada
| | - Ali M. McManus
- Centre for Heart, Lung, and Vascular Health, School of Health and Exercise SciencesUniversity of British ColumbiaKelownaBritish ColumbiaCanada
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23
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Vasile CM, Padovani P, Rujinski SD, Nicolosu D, Toma C, Turcu AA, Cioboata R. The Increase in Childhood Obesity and Its Association with Hypertension during Pandemics. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5909. [PMID: 37762850 PMCID: PMC10531996 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12185909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a major ongoing health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on children's lives, including lifestyle and overall health. Enforcement of prevention measures, such as school closures and social distancing, has significantly affected children's daily routines and activities. This perspective manuscript aims to explore the rise in childhood obesity and its association with hypertension during pandemics. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to significant disruptions in children's routines, including reduced physical activity, increased sedentary behavior, and changes in dietary patterns. These factors, coupled with the psychological impact of the pandemic, have contributed to an alarming increase in childhood obesity rates. This paper has highlighted the concerning increase in childhood obesity and hypertension during pandemics. The disruptions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, including reduced physical activity, increased sedentary behaviors, and changes in dietary patterns, have contributed to the rise in these health conditions. It is crucial to recognize the long-term consequences of childhood obesity and hypertension and the urgent need for a comprehensive approach to address them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corina Maria Vasile
- Department of Pediatric and Adult Congenital Cardiology, University Hospital of Bordeaux, F-33600 Bordeaux, France;
| | - Paul Padovani
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery, FHU PreciCare, F-44000 Nantes, France;
- Nantes Université, CHU Nantes, INSERM, CIC FEA 1413, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | | | - Dragos Nicolosu
- Pneumology Department, Victor Babes University Hospital Craiova, 200515 Craiova, Romania; (D.N.); (R.C.)
| | - Claudia Toma
- Pneumology Department, University of Medicine Carol Davila, 020021 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Adina Andreea Turcu
- Faculty of Dentistry, University of Pharmacy and Medicine Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ramona Cioboata
- Pneumology Department, Victor Babes University Hospital Craiova, 200515 Craiova, Romania; (D.N.); (R.C.)
- Pneumology Department, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 200349 Craiova, Romania
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24
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Vasudevan J, Chellamuthu L, Swarnalatha RS, Ramanathan M. Effectiveness of a multimodal intervention in promoting physical activity among sedentary elderly population in socially and economically constrained settings - A quasi-experimental study. J Family Med Prim Care 2023; 12:1991-1996. [PMID: 38024909 PMCID: PMC10657088 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_217_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Aging is becoming a major challenge for policymakers. Regular exercise helps keep elderly people mobile, enhances physical and mental abilities, and to some extent delays the effects of chronic illnesses. Objectives To evaluate the effectiveness of a multimodal intervention to increase physical activity levels among sedentary elderly living in socially and economically constrained settings. Materials and Methods A quasi-experimental study was conducted in selected old age homes in Puducherry, South India in 2022 for 3 months. Individuals aged ≥60 years, both genders residing in selected old-age homes were included through convenience sampling. The sample size was 36 subjects per arm [three arms namely E1, E2 (intervention arms), and C (control arm)]. Baseline data collection on physical activity was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire in all three arms. The intervention arms (E1 and E2) received a multimodal intervention to promote physical activity. In addition, E1 arms were instructed to perform exercises with an "exercise partner" and to maintain a daily log. At the end of 8 weeks, follow-up data collection was done using the same questionnaire in all three arms. Data entry was done by MS Excel 2010 and analysis using SPSS version 21. Results The mean (SD) of the days of physical activity per week and time of physical activity per day before and after the intervention among E1 and E2 were compared using paired t-tests. The difference between pre- and post-intervention was found to be statistically significant, that is, P value <0.05 in both the groups, thereby proving the effectiveness of the intervention. The difference between the three groups was found to be statistically significant, that is, P value <0.05. Conclusion This multimodal intervention is found to be effective in increasing the physical activity of the participants in the interventional arms. Furthermore, having an exercise partner was found to be beneficial in ensuring motivation and compliance to carry out physical activity among the elderly living in socially and economically constrained settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyothi Vasudevan
- Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Puducherry, India
| | - Lalithambigai Chellamuthu
- Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Puducherry, India
| | - RS Swarnalatha
- Department of Community Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Puducherry, India
| | - Meena Ramanathan
- Departement of Yoga Therapy, Institute of Salutogenesis and Complementary Medicine, Sri Balaji Vidyapeeth, Puducherry, India
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25
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Mielke GI, de Almeida Mendes M, Ekelund U, Rowlands AV, Reichert FF, Crochemore-Silva I. Absolute intensity thresholds for tri-axial wrist and waist accelerometer-measured movement behaviors in adults. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2023; 33:1752-1764. [PMID: 37306308 DOI: 10.1111/sms.14416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study was aimed to: (1) compare raw triaxial acceleration data from GENEActiv (GA) and ActiGraph GT3X+ (AG) placed on the non-dominant wrist; (2) compare AG placed on the non-dominant and dominant wrist, and waist; (3) derive brand- and placement-specific absolute intensity thresholds for inactive and sedentary time, and physical activity intensity in adults. METHODS Eighty-six adults (44 men; 34.6 ± 10.8 years) performed nine activities while simultaneously wearing GA and AG on wrist and waist. Acceleration (in gravitational equivalent units; mg) was compared with oxygen uptake (measured with indirect calorimetry). RESULTS Increases in acceleration mirrored increases in intensity of activities, regardless of device brand and placement. Differences in acceleration between GA and AG worn at the non-dominant wrist were small but tended to be high at lower intensity activities. Thresholds for differentiating inactivity (<1.5 MET) from activity (≥1.5 MET) ranged from 25 mg (AG non-dominant wrist; sensitivity 93%, specificity 95%) to 40 mg (AG waist; sensitivity 78%, specificity 100%). For moderate intensity (≥3 METs), thresholds ranged from 65 mg (AG waist; sensitivity 96%, specificity 94%) to 92 mg (GA non-dominant; sensitivity 93%, specificity 98%); vigorous intensity (≥6 METs) thresholds ranged from 190 mg (AG waist; sensitivity 82%, specificity 92%) to 283 mg (GA non-dominant; sensitivity 93%, specificity 98%). CONCLUSION Raw triaxial acceleration outputs from two widely used accelerometer brands may have limited comparability in low intensity activities. Thresholds derived in this study can be utilized in adults to reasonably classify movement behaviors into categories of intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregore Iven Mielke
- School of Public Health, The University of Queensland, Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Ulf Ekelund
- Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Chronic Diseases, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alex V Rowlands
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester General Hospital, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Inacio Crochemore-Silva
- Post-graduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
- Post-graduate Program in Physical Education, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil
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Hong HJ, Huang WH, Yen HY. Health comparisons between active and inactive transport modes in urban adults with chronic conditions: A cross-sectional study. Nurs Health Sci 2023; 25:323-331. [PMID: 37336553 DOI: 10.1111/nhs.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
An active transport mode provides an opportunity for integrating physical activity into one's daily life through walking, cycling, and the use of public transportation. The purpose of this study was to compare urban adults with chronic conditions who used active and inactive transport modes and to find differences in their health outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2019 to May 2020. Participants were urban adults who self-reported being overweight or obese, or having a diagnosis of chronic disease. Anonymous structured self-reported questionnaires were used for data collection, including the World Health Organization Quality-of-Life Scale, International Physical Activity Questionnaire Short-Form, and the frequency of eight modes of transportation. According to differences between the frequency score of weekly active and inactive transportation, participants were categorized into inactive, balanced, and active transport modes. In total, 617 valid responses were obtained. Participants who engaged in an active transport mode were found to have significantly less sedentary time, and better comprehensive, social, and environmental aspects of quality of life than those with an inactive transport mode. Engaging in active transportation and avoiding inactive transportation are recommended for urban adults with chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Jang Hong
- School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Hsin-Yen Yen
- School of Gerontology and Long-Term Care, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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Ushiki T, Mochizuki T, Suzuki K, Kamimura M, Ishiguro H, Suwabe T, Watanabe S, Omori G, Yamamoto N, Kawase T. Strategic analysis of body composition indices and resting platelet ATP levels in professional soccer players for better platelet-rich plasma therapy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1255860. [PMID: 37711445 PMCID: PMC10499317 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1255860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy is ambiguously thought to be more effective in elite athletes than in sedentary patients, although the possible importance of recipient responsiveness remains poorly understood. To address this issue, along with the well-known PRP quality, in this initial study, we evaluated two candidate biomarkers: body composition indices (BCIs), which reflect systemic physical conditions, and resting platelet ATP levels, which reflect platelet energy expenditure and the mass of energy generation units. Methods: In this cross-sectional cohort study, blood samples were collected from male professional soccer players (PSPs) on a local professional team during the off-season and platelet ATP levels were quantified using an ATP luminescence assay kit. BCIs were measured using the body mass impedance method. Age-matched male sedentary participants were used as the controls. Results: Among the BCIs, the body mass index, basal metabolic rate (BMR), and skeletal muscle weight levels were higher in the PSPs than in the controls. The platelet ATP levels in the PSPs group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The correlation between BMR and platelet ATP levels was moderately negative in the control group, but weakly positive in the PSPs group. Conclusion: Owing to regular physical exercise, PSPs had higher BMR levels and lower platelet ATP levels without a significant mutual correlation compared to sedentary controls. This study did not indicate the influence of these biomarkers on the success of PRP therapy but provided evidence for a better understanding of PRP therapy, particularly for elite athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ushiki
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
- Department of Hematology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Mochizuki
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Katsuya Suzuki
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masami Kamimura
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Niigata University Medical and Dental Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Hajime Ishiguro
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Suwabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
| | - Satoshi Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Medical Center, Niigata, Japan
| | - Go Omori
- Department of Health and Sports, Faculty of Health Sciences, Niigata University of Health and Welfare, Niigata, Japan
| | - Noriaki Yamamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Niigata Rehabilitation Hospital, Niigata, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Kawase
- Division of Oral Bioengineering, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan
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Zhang Y, Liu X, Ma Y, Li X. Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Fruit and Vegetable Consumption, and Sarcopenia in Older Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:3417. [PMID: 37571354 PMCID: PMC10420903 DOI: 10.3390/nu15153417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sedentary behavior, fruit and vegetable intake, and the risk of sarcopenia among older Chinese adults. METHODS This cross-sectional study enrolled 5418 older Chinese adults who participated in the Study on Global Aging and Adult Health (SAGE). Participants reported information about their physical activity, sedentary behavior, and dietary habits (fruit and vegetable intake). Sarcopenia was defined as the presence of low skeletal muscle mass and either a slow gait speed or weak handgrip strength. A multiple logistic regression model was employed to determine the relationship between MVPA, sedentary behavior, fruit and vegetable intake, and the risk of sarcopenia. RESULTS Only 32.63% of participants met all three recommendations (for MVPA, sedentary behavior, and fruit and vegetable intake). Compared with meeting none of the recommendations, meeting all three recommendations was associated with a lower risk of sarcopenia (OR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.41-0.98). Moreover, meeting the recommendation for sufficient fruit and vegetable intake (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.58-0.83), MVPA and fruit/vegetable intake (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.52-0.86), and sedentary behavior and fruit/vegetable intake (OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.48-0.98) was associated with a lower risk of sarcopenia. CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that in this large representative sample of older Chinese adults, meeting lifestyle recommendations for MVPA, sedentary behavior, and fruit and vegetable intake protected against sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Zhang
- Physical Education Unit, School of Humanities and Social Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518172, China;
| | - Xiaolei Liu
- Chinese Traditional Regimen Exercise Intervention Research Center, Beijing Sport University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Yongzhi Ma
- Martial Arts Culture Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;
| | - Xinxing Li
- Department of Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Hanifah L, Nasrulloh N, Sufyan DL. Sedentary Behavior and Lack of Physical Activity among Children in Indonesia. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:1283. [PMID: 37628282 PMCID: PMC10453900 DOI: 10.3390/children10081283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Sedentary behavior and lack of physical activity among children in Indonesia is an important issue that needs to be addressed. It is estimated that 57% of children in Indonesia have insufficient physical activity. Studies have shown that children who engage in sedentary behaviors are at an increased risk for various negative health outcomes, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and poor mental health, compared to physically active ones. This article aims to provide recommendations to increase physical activity and reduce passive behavior in children in Indonesia. This is a commentary article developed from observing the recent progress of sedentary behavior and lack of physical activity among children in Indonesia and the potential consequences. The level of inactive behavior in children in Indonesia is relatively high. Factors that contribute to sedentary behavior and lack of physical activity among children in Indonesia are the increasing use of electronic devices and screen time, the lack of safe and accessible places to be physically active, the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as cultural and social norms that prioritize academic achievement over physical activity. To address sedentary lifestyles among children, there is a need for a comprehensive approach that addresses both the individual and societal factors contributing to the problem. This might include increasing access to healthy food options, promoting physical activity, and implementing education programs to raise awareness about the importance of healthy eating and physical activity, as well as limiting screen time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laily Hanifah
- Faculty of Health Science, Universitas Pembangunan Nasional Veteran Jakarta, Jl. Raya Limo, Depok 16515, Indonesia
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Champion KE, Chapman C, Sunderland M, Slade T, Barrett E, Kelly E, Stapinski L, Gardner LA, Teesson M, Newton NC. Associations Between Personality Traits and Energy Balance Behaviors in Emerging Adulthood: Cross-Sectional Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e42244. [PMID: 37318870 DOI: 10.2196/42244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Internalizing and externalizing personality traits are robust risk factors for substance use and mental health, and personality-targeted interventions are effective in preventing substance use and mental health problems in youth. However, there is limited evidence for how personality relates to other lifestyle risk factors, such as energy balance-related behaviors, and how this might inform prevention efforts. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine concurrent cross-sectional associations between personality traits (ie, hopelessness, anxiety sensitivity, impulsivity, and sensation seeking) and sleep, diet, physical activity (PA), and sedentary behaviors (SB), 4 of the leading risk factors for chronic disease, among emerging adults. METHODS Data were drawn from a cohort of young Australians who completed a web-based, self-report survey in 2019 during early adulthood. A series of Poisson and logistic regressions were conducted to examine the concurrent associations between the risk behaviors (sleep, diet, PA, and sitting and screen time) and personality traits (hopelessness, anxiety sensitivity, impulsivity, and sensation seeking) among emerging adults in Australia. RESULTS A total of 978 participants (mean age 20.4, SD 0.5 years) completed the web-based survey. The results indicated that higher scores on hopelessness were associated with a greater daily screen (risk ratio [RR] 1.12, 95% CI 1.10-1.15) and sitting time (RR 1.05, 95% CI 1.0-1.08). Similarly, higher scores on anxiety sensitivity were associated with a greater screen (RR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.07) and sitting time (RR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.07). Higher impulsivity was associated with greater PA (RR 1.14, 95% CI 1.08-1.21) and screen time (RR 1.06, 95% CI 1.03-1.08). Finally, higher scores on sensation seeking were associated with greater PA (RR 1.08, 95% CI 1.02-1.14) and lower screen time (RR 0.96, 95% CI 0.94-0.99). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that personality should be considered when designing preventive interventions for lifestyle risk behaviors, particularly in relation to SB, such as sitting and screen time. TRIAL REGISTRATION Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12612000026820; https://tinyurl.com/ykwcxspr.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrina E Champion
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Cath Chapman
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Matthew Sunderland
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tim Slade
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Emma Barrett
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Erin Kelly
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lexine Stapinski
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lauren A Gardner
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Maree Teesson
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicola C Newton
- The Matilda Centre for Research in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Cholley-Gomez M, Laujac S, Delpierre C, Carayol M. Effectiveness of multilevel interventions based on socio-ecological model to decrease sedentary time in children: a systematic review of controlled studies. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1106206. [PMID: 37333527 PMCID: PMC10272417 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1106206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Preventive actions of sedentary behavior (SB) based on the socio-ecological model are needed among children and young adolescents. The aim of this systematic review is to ascertain the effectiveness of multilevel interventions (i.e., involving consideration of at least two interventional levels) in reducing sedentary time (ST) in children aged 5-12 years. Methods Adhering to PRISMA guidelines, a systematic literature search was conducted in three databases (PsyInfo, PubMed and ERIC) until July 2021. Results 30 trials met the eligibility criteria and were included. They showed acceptable (< 8, n = 18) and high (≥ 8, n = 12) methodological quality. Among studies targeting 2 (n = 2), 3 (n = 19) and 4 levels (n = 9), 1 (50%), 9 (47%) and 7 (78%) were effective and reported significant reduction of ST, respectively. Conclusion Interventions tend to be more effective when they involve 4 levels, using both agentic and structural strategies (targeting intrinsic determinants, in the organizational environment of the child). Findings underline the relevance of multilevel strategies to reduce ST in children, but also raise issues about operationalization of the socio-ecological perspective. Systematic review registration PROSPERO, identifier: CRD42020209653.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Cholley-Gomez
- IAPS Laboratory “Impact of Physical Activity on Health”, University of Toulon, Toulon, France
- ACTES Laboratory, University of Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe
| | - Steven Laujac
- IAPS Laboratory “Impact of Physical Activity on Health”, University of Toulon, Toulon, France
- Centre Hospitalier Intercommunal Toulon-La Seyne sur Mer, Hôpital Sainte Musse, Toulon, France
| | - Cyrille Delpierre
- EQUITY Team, CERPOP UMR 1295, Inserm-Université Toulouse III, Toulouse, France
| | - Marion Carayol
- IAPS Laboratory “Impact of Physical Activity on Health”, University of Toulon, Toulon, France
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Batista A, Forte P, Ribeiro J, Silva-Santos S, Neto ES, Rodrigues F, Teixeira JE, Ferraz R, Branquinho L. Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in Adults from Penafiel, Portugal: A Cross-Sectional Study. Behav Sci (Basel) 2023; 13:443. [PMID: 37366695 DOI: 10.3390/bs13060443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) levels of young and middle-aged adults living in and around the municipality of Penafiel and to determine whether they meet PA recommendations. The researchers used the "International Physical Activity Questionnaire" (IPAQ) to measure moderate to vigorous PA and time spent on sedentary behavior (high vs. low). A prospective observational cross-sectional sample of 1105 adults aged 18-63 years, living in the municipality of Penafiel and its surroundings (45% women, 55% men), was used. The results indicated that more than half of the population was inactive (53.8%) and sedentary (54.0%). Men were more likely to be sedentary (59.2%) and inactive (55.6%) than women (inactive: 51.7%, high SB: 47.7%). Regarding daily PA and SB levels, women had higher levels of walks (3.8 ± 2.3; p = 0.034) and vigorous PA (2.2 ± 1.8 min; p = 0.005) per days/week, as well as vigorous PA per minutes/week (75.4 ± 82.1 min; p = 0.034). The time spent on vigorous PA per day was also higher in women (26.2 ± 22.8 min; p = 0.030). However, men had higher values in walking minutes per day (26.3 ± 17.1 min; p = 0.030), SB for weekdays (429.2 ± 141.2 min; p = 0.001), SB for weekends (324.7 ± 163.7 min; p = 0.033) and time spent on SB per minutes/week (2795.6 ± 882.0 min; p = 0.001). The results also showed that the older the adults, the lower the frequency and total time of vigorous PA per week. Young adults (18-28 years) had higher levels of vigorous PA (p = 0.005) than the other age groups (29-39; 40-50 and 51-63 years). Finally, the study found no significant correlation between individual level factors, such as number of children, marital status and monthly income, and PA or SB. Conversely, a significant and negative correlation between SB and levels of PA was found, indicating that the higher the level of PA practice, the lower the SB level. The authors suggest that promoting new PA habits and healthy lifestyles is an important future challenge for sustainability and improving the quality of life in public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Batista
- Department of Sports, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- CI-ISCE/ISCE Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Pedro Forte
- Department of Sports, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- CI-ISCE/ISCE Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, 5001-801 Covilhã, Portugal
- Department of Sports Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Joana Ribeiro
- Department of Sports, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- CI-ISCE/ISCE Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Sandra Silva-Santos
- Department of Sports, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- CI-ISCE/ISCE Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
| | - Elmiro Silva Neto
- Department of Sports Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40210-630, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Filipe Rodrigues
- ESECS-Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Life Quality Research Center, 2040-413 Leiria, Portugal
| | - José Eduardo Teixeira
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, 5001-801 Covilhã, Portugal
- Department of Sports Sciences, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Polytechnic Institute of Guarda, 6300-559 Guarda, Portugal
| | - Ricardo Ferraz
- ESECS-Polytechnic of Leiria, 2411-901 Leiria, Portugal
- Department of Sport Sciences, University of Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Luís Branquinho
- Department of Sports, Higher Institute of Educational Sciences of the Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- CI-ISCE/ISCE Douro, 4560-708 Penafiel, Portugal
- Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, 5001-801 Covilhã, Portugal
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Campbell-Pierre D, Rhea DJ. The feasibility of using the Körperkoordinationstest fur Kinder (KTK) in a U.S. elementary physical education setting to assess gross motor skills specific to postural balance. Front Sports Act Living 2023; 5:1133379. [PMID: 37284229 PMCID: PMC10239845 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1133379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction For the past ten years, falls have been the leading cause of nonfatal injuries for all age groups less than 15 years old. A significant rise in childhood sedentary behavior in schools and limited opportunities to be outside has led to motor coordination deficits which have contributed to fall injuries. Method A German assessment tool, the Körperkoordinationstest fur Kinder (KTK), which has been used for decades in Western European countries, allows researchers and physical education teachers to evaluate typical and atypical children's motor coordination competencies related to dynamic postural balance successfully. No research has been published on the use of this assessment tool in the United States. If its use were found to be feasible in this country for identifying motor coordination deficits in typical and atypical children, it would close the gap in determining motor coordination. Therefore, this study sought in Phase 1 to determine the feasibility of using the KTK assessment in U.S. children and Phase 2 sought to determine the adaptability of the scoring protocol from use in other countries to the United States. Results The Phase 1 results revealed the KTK assessment was feasible to administer in U.S. physical education class by addressing three challenges for U.S. schools: 1) KTK implementation, 2) time to assess each skill, and 3) the equipment availability and cost to implement the test in a physical education setting. In Phase 2, the researchers were able to determine the raw scores and motor quotient scores in this population and then were able to show similar scoring trends between U.S. children and Flemish children from a previous study. Conclusion This assessment tool was deemed feasible and adaptable which is the first step to use the KTK in U.S. physical education elementary school settings.
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Vancampfort D, Van Damme T, Albanio Machado V, McGrath RL, Stubbs B, Schuch FB. Levels of sedentary behaviour in people with fibromyalgia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Disabil Rehabil 2023:1-7. [PMID: 37211677 DOI: 10.1080/09638288.2023.2214379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Sedentary behaviour is associated with pain, fatigue, and a more severe impact of the disease in fibromyalgia, independently of physical activity levels. Despite this knowledge, little attention has been attributed to estimate sedentary behaviour in this population. The aims of this meta-analysis were to: (a) establish the pooled mean time spent sedentary, (b) investigate moderators of sedentary levels, and (c) explore differences with age- and gender-matched general population controls in people with fibromyalgia (PwF). METHODS Two independent authors searched major databases until 1 December 2022. A random effects meta-analysis was performed. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed with the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-sectional Studies. RESULTS Across 7 cross-sectional studies of fair methodological quality, there were 1500 patients with fibromyalgia (age range = 43-53 years). PwF spent 545.6 min/day (95% CI = 523.7-567.5, p < 0.001, N = 3) engaging in sedentary behaviour. Self-reported questionnaires overestimate sedentary levels with 314.3 min/day (95% CI = 302.0-326.6, p = 0.001, N = 2). PwF spent 36.14 min/day (95% CI = 16.3-55.9, p < 0.001) more in sedentary behaviour than general population controls. CONCLUSIONS PwF are more sedentary than the general population. The limited available data should however be considered with caution due to substantial heterogeneity.IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONRehabilitation for fibromyalgia should emphasize reducing sedentary behaviour.Health professionals should measure sedentary levels objectively in fibromyalgia since self-report underestimates the actual levels severely.More research on risk factors for sedentary behaviour in fibromyalgia is needed before detailed recommendations can be formulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davy Vancampfort
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- University Psychiatric Centre KU Leuven, Kortenberg - Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tine Van Damme
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- University Psychiatric Centre KU Leuven, Kortenberg - Leuven, Belgium
| | - Vanessa Albanio Machado
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
| | - Ryan L McGrath
- Department of Rural Health, The University of Melbourne, Shepparton, Australia
- School of Allied Health, Exercise and Sports Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Albury, Australia
- Allied Health Education and Research Unit, Goulburn Valley Health, Shepparton, Australia
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Physiotherapy Department, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Health Service and Population Research Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King"s College London, London, UK
| | - Felipe B Schuch
- Department of Sports Methods and Techniques, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
- Institute of Psychiatry, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Providencia, Chile
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Kerr NR, Kelty TJ, Mao X, Childs TE, Kline DD, Rector RS, Booth FW. Selective breeding for physical inactivity produces cognitive deficits via altered hippocampal mitochondrial and synaptic function. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1147420. [PMID: 37077501 PMCID: PMC10106691 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1147420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical inactivity is the 4th leading cause of death globally and has been shown to significantly increase the risk for developing Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Recent work has demonstrated that exercise prior to breeding produces heritable benefits to the brains of offspring, suggesting that the physical activity status of previous generations could play an important role in one's brain health and their subsequent risk for neurodegenerative diseases. Thus, our study aimed to test the hypothesis that selective breeding for physical inactivity, or for high physical activity, preference produces heritable deficits and enhancements to brain health, respectively. To evaluate this hypothesis, male and female sedentary Low Voluntary Runners (LVR), wild type (WT), and High Voluntary Runner (HVR) rats underwent cognitive behavioral testing, analysis of hippocampal neurogenesis and mitochondrial respiration, and molecular analysis of the dentate gyrus. These analyses revealed that selecting for physical inactivity preference has produced major detriments to cognition, brain mitochondrial respiration, and neurogenesis in female LVR while female HVR display enhancements in brain glucose metabolism and hippocampal size. On the contrary, male LVR and HVR showed very few differences in these parameters relative to WT. Overall, we provide evidence that selective breeding for physical inactivity has a heritable and detrimental effect on brain health and that the female brain appears to be more susceptible to these effects. This emphasizes the importance of remaining physically active as chronic intergenerational physical inactivity likely increases susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases for both the inactive individual and their offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R. Kerr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Taylor J. Kelty
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Xuansong Mao
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Thomas E. Childs
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - David D. Kline
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - R. Scott Rector
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Research Service, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans Hospital, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
| | - Frank W. Booth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
- Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, United States
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Odusoga OB, Sholeye OO. Sedentary Behaviour Among Male Adolescents in Sagamu, Southwest Nigeria. Community Health Equity Res Policy 2023; 43:249-256. [PMID: 34034588 DOI: 10.1177/0272684x211016728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sedentary behaviour (SB) is a leading risk factor for development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and associated morbidity worldwide. Several studies have reported a high prevalence of sedentary behaviour among adolescents in developing countries with a male preponderance. The Nigerian male adolescent is similarly faced with lifestyle challenges as his counterparts in other countries. AIM This study determined the pattern, knowledge and factors associated with sedentary behaviour among male adolescents in Sagamu, Nigeria. METHOD A cross-sectional study was carried out among 330 in-school male adolescents in Sagamu, selected via multi-stage sampling technique. Data were collected using a semi-structured, self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 20. Relevant descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated, with p < .05. Participation was fully voluntary and strict confidentiality was ensured. RESULT The mean age of respondents was 15.9 ± 1.4 years; 86.9% of respondents were aged 15-19years. About 94.8% of sedentary respondents had poor knowledge. Over 90% of respondents were sedentary. Screen-based behaviour (79%) contributed more to respondents' pattern of SB while using a tablet or a smart phone (23.6%) singularly contributed the largest to sedentariness. SB was associated with motorized transport (p = .038), smoking (p ≤ .001) and central obesity status (p = .040) but not with socio-demographic characteristics and alcohol intake. CONCLUSION Knowledge of SB was poor among respondents. The prevalence of sedentary behaviour was high and associated with central obesity, smoking and motorized transport. School-based interventions including health education, should be initiated to reduce the risk of developing NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwatosin B Odusoga
- Community Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Ago Iwoye, Nigeria
| | - Oluwafolahan O Sholeye
- Community Medicine and Primary Care, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, Olabisi Onabanjo University, Sagamu Campus, Ago Iwoye, Nigeria
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Ng GF, Cheng SH. Weight gain, poor mental health and increased sedentary hours among Malaysian adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. Nutr Health 2023:2601060231164434. [PMID: 36938597 PMCID: PMC10028682 DOI: 10.1177/02601060231164434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Movement Control Orders (MCO) in Malaysia due to the COVID-19 pandemic had a profound impact on the lifestyle behaviours, weight changes, and mental health of the population. AIM To determine the changes in physical activity, sedentary behaviour, body weight status and mental health status among Malaysian adults before and during the pandemic. METHODS A total of 338 Malaysian adults participated in this cross-sectional online study. Sociodemographic and anthropometric data were self-reported. Physical activity and sedentary behaviour were assessed using International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) while the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7) were used to examine stress, depression and anxiety, respectively. All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 28.0. RESULTS The results showed an average weight gain of 0.6 kg among the participants with 45.5% of them experiencing weight gain. In addition, sedentary behaviour (p < 0.001), PSS-10 score (p < 0.001), PHQ-9 score (p = 0.002) and GAD-7 score (p = 0.001) were significantly increased during the COVID-19 pandemic whereas the level of physical activity was significantly decreased (p = 0.003) during the pandemic. Weight changes during the pandemic were found to be associated with age, sedentary hours, and PHQ-9 score. Through binary logistic regression, sedentary hours (AOR = 1.068, 95% CI = 1.002-1.139, p = 0.043) were identified to be a risk factor for weight gain during the pandemic. CONCLUSION The findings suggested that public health interventions to prevent weight gain should focus on strategies to increase physical activity for sedentary lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shi-Hui Cheng
- Shi-Hui Cheng, School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Malaysia, Semenyih, Jln Broga, 43500 Selangor, Malaysia.
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Stone J, Barker SF, Gasevic D, Freak-Poli R. Participation in the Global Corporate Challenge ®, a Four-Month Workplace Pedometer Program, Reduces Psychological Distress. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:4514. [PMID: 36901523 PMCID: PMC10002186 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychological distress (stress) has been linked to an increased risk of chronic diseases and is exacerbated by a range of workplace factors. Physical activity has been shown to alleviate psychological distress. Previous pedometer-based intervention evaluations have tended to focus on physical health outcomes. This study aimed to investigate the immediate and long-term changes in psychological distress in employees based in Melbourne, Australia after their participation in a four-month pedometer-based program in sedentary workplaces. METHODS At baseline, 716 adults (aged 40 ± 10 years, 40% male) employed in primarily sedentary occupations, voluntarily enrolled in the Global Corporate Challenge© (GCC©), recruited from 10 Australian workplaces to participate in the GCC® Evaluation Study, completed the Kessler 10 Psychological Distress Scale (K10). Of these, 422 completed the K10 at baseline, 4 months and 12 months. RESULTS Psychological distress reduced after participation in a four-month workplace pedometer-based program, which was sustained eight months after the program ended. Participants achieving the program goal of 10,000 steps per day or with higher baseline psychological distress had the greatest immediate and sustained reductions in psychological distress. Demographic predictors of immediate reduced psychological distress (n = 489) was having an associate professional occupation, younger age, and being 'widowed, separated or divorced'. CONCLUSIONS Participation in a workplace pedometer-based program is associated with a sustained reduction in psychological distress. Low-impact physical health programs conducted in groups or teams that integrate a social component may be an avenue to improve both physical and psychological health in the workplace.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Stone
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - S. Fiona Barker
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Danijela Gasevic
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK
| | - Rosanne Freak-Poli
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
- School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
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Markofski MM, Johnston CA. Virtual Programming for Physical Activity Interventions: Integration of Behavioral Components. Am J Lifestyle Med 2023; 17:198-201. [PMID: 36896040 PMCID: PMC9989496 DOI: 10.1177/15598276221142753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The SARS-Cov-2 pandemic changed many contemporary experiences, including how healthcare and exercise programming are delivered. As a result of the pandemic, there was an increase in virtual services and programming and there continues to be a demand for virtual options. The results from Desir et al support the use of virtual visits to successfully change lifestyle factors, specifically nutrition and physical activity. The use of individualized dietary and exercise goals were important to the success of the intervention, and should not be disregarded. As virtual healthcare and exercise continues to evolve, to maximize behavior change, we should also consider how to include the social and community aspects of exercise. Regardless, it is encouraging to see that significant advances are being made in virtual programming and that the needed engagement can occur in a virtual setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa M Markofski
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Craig A Johnston
- Department of Health and Human Performance, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
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Peyrusqué E, Buckinx F, Kergoat MJ, Aubertin-Leheudre M. Exercise Guidelines to Counteract Physical Deconditioning in Long-Term Care Facilities: What to Do and How to Do It? J Am Med Dir Assoc 2023; 24:583-598. [PMID: 36822232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
With age, older adults experience a decrease in muscle function and changes in body composition, which raise the risk of functional incapacity and loss of autonomy. These declines are more pronounced in older adults living in long-term care (LTC) facilities than those living in the community (ie, sarcopenia prevalence: ∼41% vs ∼10%; obesity prevalence: 30% vs17%). The main cause of these declines is chronic diseases, which are a driver of higher rates of sedentary behavior (85% of time in LTC). Exercise, however, is recognized to help counteract age-related decline, yet it is not integrated into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Peyrusqué
- Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Groupe de recherche en activité physique adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Fanny Buckinx
- Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Groupe de recherche en activité physique adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Jeanne Kergoat
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Faculté de Médecine, département de médecine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Mylène Aubertin-Leheudre
- Département des sciences de l'activité physique, Groupe de recherche en activité physique adaptée, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada; Centre de Recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Sanchez T, Mavragani A, Date H, Kitayama S, Nakayama Y, Kimura M, Fujita H, Miyachi M. Regional Difference in the Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Domain-Specific Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, Sleeping Time, and Step Count: Web-Based Cross-sectional Nationwide Survey and Accelerometer-Based Observational Study. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2023; 9:e39992. [PMID: 36634262 PMCID: PMC9953987 DOI: 10.2196/39992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) have been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic and its restrictive environments, such as social distancing and lockdown measures. However, regional differences in the changes in domain-specific PA and SB in response to the COVID-19 pandemic are not clearly understood. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to examine regional differences in domain-specific PA and SB, as well as sleeping time in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan. METHODS A web-based cross-sectional nationwide survey and an accelerometer-based longitudinal observation were conducted. In the web-based survey, we recruited 150 Japanese men and 150 Japanese women for each of the following age groups: 20s, 30s, 40s, 50s, 60s, and 70s (n=1800). A total of 1627 adults provided valid responses to web-based surveillance from June to July 2020. Participants were recruited from urban (Greater Tokyo Area, n=1028), urban-rural (regional core cities, n=459), or rural (regional small and medium cities, n=140) areas. They answered sociodemographic and health-related questions and retrospectively registered the PA data of their average day before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in a web-based PA record system. In the accelerometer-based observation, PA and step count data were obtained using a triaxial accelerometer on people living in urban (n=370) and rural (n=308) areas. RESULTS Before the COVID-19 pandemic, there were no significant differences between these 3 regions in the time spent sleeping, staying at home, working or studying, and exercising (P>.05). By contrast, people living in urban areas had a longer duration of SB and transportation and a shorter duration of moderate-to-vigorous PA and lying or napping time compared with people living in rural areas (P>.05). During the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant decrease was observed in transportation time in urban (-7.2 min/day, P<.001) and urban-rural (-2.0 min/day, P=.009) areas but not in rural (-0.4 min/day, P=.52) areas. The moderate-to-vigorous PA was decreased in urban (-31.3 min/day, P<.001) and urban-rural (-30.0 min/day, P<.001) areas but not in rural areas (-17.3 min/day, P=.08). A significant increase was observed in time spent sleeping in urban (+22.4 min/day, P<.001) and urban-rural (+24.2 min/day, P<.001) but not in rural areas (+3.9 min/day, P=.74). Lying or napping was increased in urban (+14.9 min/day, P<.001) but not in rural areas (-6.9 min/day, P=.68). PA and step count obtained using an accelerometer significantly decreased in urban (P<.05) but not in rural areas (P>.05). CONCLUSIONS The effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on PA and SB was significantly dependent on living area, even in a single country. The effects of PA and SB were greater in the Greater Tokyo Area and regional core cities but were not observed in regional small and medium cities in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Heiwa Date
- Faculty of Data Science, Shiga University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Shinobu Kitayama
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States
| | - Yui Nakayama
- Department of Physical Activity Research, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Osaka, Japan
| | - Misaka Kimura
- Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fujita
- Institute for Active Health, Kyoto University of Advanced Science, Kyoto, Japan
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Gerovska D, Araúzo-Bravo MJ. Skeletal Muscles of Sedentary and Physically Active Aged People Have Distinctive Genic Extrachromosomal Circular DNA Profiles. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032736. [PMID: 36769072 PMCID: PMC9917053 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
To bring new extrachromosomal circular DNA (eccDNA) enrichment technologies closer to the clinic, specifically for screening, early diagnosis, and monitoring of diseases or lifestyle conditions, it is paramount to identify the differential pattern of the genic eccDNA signal between two states. Current studies using short-read sequenced purified eccDNA data are based on absolute numbers of unique eccDNAs per sample or per gene, length distributions, or standard methods for RNA-seq differential analysis. Previous analyses of RNA-seq data found significant transcriptomics difference between sedentary and active life style skeletal muscle (SkM) in young people but very few in old. The first attempt using circulomics data from SkM and blood of aged lifelong sedentary and physically active males found no difference at eccDNA level. To improve the capability of finding differences between circulomics data groups, we designed a computational method to identify Differentially Produced per Gene Circles (DPpGCs) from short-read sequenced purified eccDNA data based on the circular junction, split-read signal, of the eccDNA, and implemented it into a software tool DifCir in Matlab. We employed DifCir to find to the distinctive features of the influence of the physical activity or inactivity in the aged SkM that would have remained undetected by transcriptomics methods. We mapped the data from tissue from SkM and blood from two groups of aged lifelong sedentary and physically active males using Circle_finder and subsequent merging and filtering, to find the number and length distribution of the unique eccDNA. Next, we used DifCir to find up-DPpGCs in the SkM of the sedentary and active groups. We assessed the functional enrichment of the DPpGCs using Disease Gene Network and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. To find genes that produce eccDNA in a group without comparison with another group, we introduced a method to find Common PpGCs (CPpGCs) and used it to find CPpGCs in the SkM of the sedentary and active group. Finally, we found the eccDNA that carries whole genes. We discovered that the eccDNA in the SkM of the sedentary group is not statistically different from that of physically active aged men in terms of number and length distribution of eccDNA. In contrast, with DifCir we found distinctive gene-associated eccDNA fingerprints. We identified statistically significant up-DPpGCs in the two groups, with the top up-DPpGCs shed by the genes AGBL4, RNF213, DNAH7, MED13, and WWTR1 in the sedentary group, and ZBTB7C, TBCD, ITPR2, and DDX11-AS1 in the active group. The up-DPpGCs in both groups carry mostly gene fragments rather than whole genes. Though the subtle transcriptomics difference, we found RYR1 to be both transcriptionally up-regulated and up-DPpGCs gene in sedentary SkM. DifCir emphasizes the high sensitivity of the circulome compared to the transcriptome to detect the molecular fingerprints of exercise in aged SkM. It allows efficient identification of gene hotspots that excise more eccDNA in a health state or disease compared to a control condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gerovska
- Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Calle Doctor Begiristain s/n, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (M.J.A.-B.)
| | - Marcos J. Araúzo-Bravo
- Computational Biology and Systems Biomedicine, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Calle Doctor Begiristain s/n, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
- Basque Foundation for Science, IKERBASQUE, Calle María Díaz Harokoa 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERfes), 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Röntgenstr. 20, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48940 Leioa, Spain
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (M.J.A.-B.)
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Zhang S, Roscoe C, Pringle A. Self-Compassion and Physical Activity: The Underpinning Role of Psychological Distress and Barrier Self-Efficacy. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1480. [PMID: 36674235 PMCID: PMC9859314 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Unlike other personality traits or dispositions, self-compassion can be nurtured and is likely a driving source for physical activity. Emerging research has started to examine self-compassion in physical activity contexts; however, most existing studies were underpowered and overlooked the psycho-behavioural factors underlying the link between self-compassion and physical activity. In a sample of 569 UK adults (mean age = 41.92 years, SD = 13.70; 47.8% female), we examined the hypothesis that self-compassion's positive influence on physical activity operates through reduced psychological distress and subsequently increased barrier self-efficacy. Results supported the prediction, with the positive influences of self-compassion being more prominent in more vigorous physical activity. The findings suggest that self-compassion is a good source of emotional resources (i.e., attenuated psychological distress) and confidence to overcome challenges and obstacles (i.e., increased barrier self-efficacy) in the context of physical activity. Future interventions and programs could consider incorporating self-compassion for physical activity adoption and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuge Zhang
- School of Human Sciences, University of Derby, Kedleston Road, Derby DE22 1GB, UK
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Lu Y, Wang XH, Li J, Wang W, Zhang S, Huang Y, Wang Y, Li CJ. Association Between Skeletal Muscle Mass and Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Occupational Sedentary Population: A Cross-sectional Study. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:e10-5. [PMID: 36253926 DOI: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000002731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to determine the association of skeletal muscle mass with three cardiovascular risk factors and explore a simple and clinically feasible indicator for identifying high-risk groups of cardiovascular diseases in occupational sedentary population. METHODS We recruited 7316 occupational sedentary participants older than 18 years from the Health Management Center of Tianjin Union Medical Center. Age-adjusted logistic regression was used to analyze the association between skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) and cardiovascular risk factors. RESULTS There were significant positive associations between SMI, especially arm SMI, and cardiovascular risk factors in both male and female subjects (odds ratio, 1.28 to 5.02; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that measurements of skeletal muscle mass, particularly in the arms, may help identify individuals at high risk for cardiovascular disease in an occupationally sedentary population.
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Li T, Zhang L. Effect of exercise on cardiovascular risk in sedentary postmenopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Palliat Med 2023; 12:150-162. [PMID: 36747389 DOI: 10.21037/apm-22-1395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exercise training has cardiovascular benefits, but its effects on cardiovascular disease risk factors in sedentary postmenopausal women are uncertain. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to explore the effects of exercise on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in sedentary postmenopausal women. METHODS A literature search was conducted on the Web of Science, Cochrane, PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and WanFang databases for studies published between January 2010 and January 2022. All publications relating to clinical randomized control trials on the effects of exercise on CVD risk factors in sedentary postmenopausal women were collected. A meta-analysis was performed using STATA 16.0. We assessed the quality of the included literature using the Cochrane risk bias assessment tool. RESULTS Of the 623 articles initially retrieved, 14 were included in the meta-analysis (250 and 223 individuals in the exercise and non-exercise groups, respectively). The meta-analysis showed that oxygen consumption [standardized mean difference (SMD) =1.21; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.38 to 2.05; P=0.004] and high-density lipoprotein (SMD =0.31; 95% CI: 0.08 to 0.54; P=0.008) were significantly higher in the exercise than non-exercise group; however, diastolic blood pressure (SMD =-0.81; 95% CI -1.38 to -0.24; P=0.005), systolic blood pressure (SMD =-0.98; 95% CI: -1.44 to -0.52; P=0.000), triglycerides (SMD =-0.48, 95% CI: -0.86 to -0.09; P=0.016), and body mass index (SMD =-0.94, 95% CI: -1.70 to -0.17; P=0.016) were markedly lower in the exercise group. There were no significant differences between the 2 groups in heart rate (SMD =-0.11; 95% CI: -0.92 to 0.70; P=0.796), cholesterol (SMD =-0.32; 95% CI: -0.79 to 0.15; P=0.186), or low-density lipoprotein (SMD =-0.23; 95% CI: -0.70 to 0.23; P=0.321). CONCLUSIONS Aerobic exercise not only increases oxygen consumption, but also reduces CVD-related factors, such as blood pressure, lipid profile, and body mass index, in sedentary menopausal women. Put simply, regular exercise is a beneficial lifestyle intervention that can reduce CVD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Li
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Limei Zhang
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
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Ljubojevic A, Jakovljevic V, Bijelic S, Sârbu I, Tohănean DI, Albină C, Alexe DI. The Effects of Zumba Fitness ® on Respiratory Function and Body Composition Parameters: An Eight-Week Intervention in Healthy Inactive Women. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 20:314. [PMID: 36612636 PMCID: PMC9819619 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women are considered less active than men, and a sedentary lifestyle particularly affects middle-aged women and affects their overall health. Recommending group fitness programs that have a positive effect on women's overall health is an important strategy of any health policy. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate how the Zumba Fitness® workout affects healthy inactive women's respiratory function and body composition. METHODS The research was conducted for eight weeks on a sample of 41 females aged 35 to 45 divided into two groups: experimental (21 subjects: age 38.52 ± 2.29) and control (20 subjects: age 39.45 ± 3.01). They were tested before, four weeks, and eight weeks after the intervention period. The respiratory functions were tested using spirometry and the body composition parameters by the Tanita body analyzer. The experimental group practiced Zumba Fitness® three times per week for 60 min (24 training sessions in total). The control group was not physically active during the intervention period. RESULTS After the Zumba Fitness® program, the experimental group showed a significant improvement in the following respiratory function parameters: forced expiratory volume in the first second (M = 4.02 ± 0.69; MD = 0.65, p = 0.01, ES = 0.14), vital capacity (M = 4.10 ± 0.65: MD = -0.63, p = 0.03, ES = 0.11) and lung age (M = 30.95 ± 10.30; MD = 8.52, p = 0.04, ES = 0.10). The body composition parameters were significantly decreased: body mass (M = 60.09 ± 7.57; MD = 6.32, p = 0.03, ES = 0.11), body mass index (M = 20.44 ± 2.63; MD = 2.61, p = 0.01, ES = 0.13) and fat mass (M = 16.07 ± 4.87; MD = 3.95, p = 0.03, ES = 0.11). CONCLUSIONS The results of the current study suggest that the Zumba Fitness® workout is a beneficial exercise method not only for reducing body parameters but also for improving respiratory function in inactive women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Ljubojevic
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Snezana Bijelic
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Banja Luka, 78000 Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Ioan Sârbu
- 2nd Department of Surgery—Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, “Grigore T. Popa” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
| | - Dragoș Ioan Tohănean
- Faculty of Physical Education and Mountain Sports, Transilvania University of Brașov, 500036 Brasov, Romania
| | - Constantin Albină
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sports, University of Craiova, 200585 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dan Iulian Alexe
- Faculty of Movement, Sports and Health, Sciences, “Vasile Alecsandri” University of Bacau, 600115 Bacau, Romania
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Lupo C, De Pasquale P, Boccia G, Ungureanu AN, Moisè P, Mulasso A, Brustio PR. The Most Active Child Is Not Always the Fittest: Physical Activity and Fitness Are Weakly Correlated. Sports (Basel) 2022; 11. [PMID: 36668707 DOI: 10.3390/sports11010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the impact of physical activity level (PA) on physical fitness by controlling for individual characteristics in Italian children. A total of 329 children (girls n = 155, 42.6%; from five primary schools, 17 classes) aged 8-10 filled out the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) to assess their PA level and performed anthropometric measurements (body mass, height, and BMI) and physical tests for measuring sprint (20 m sprint), cardiorespiratory fitness (shuttle-run test), balance (single-leg stance), handgrip strength (handgrip), lower-limb power (standing long-jump), peak force (countermovement jump), and low-back flexibility (sit-and-reach) skills. Linear mixed-effects models were applied to determine the relationship between physical fitness and PAQ-C score controlling for individual characteristics (i.e., gender, age, BMI). Results reported significant relationships between PAQ-C scores and sit-and-reach, shuttle-run, long-jump, and sprint tests. All considered physical tests were correlated with gender, age, and BMI, except for sit-and-reach from BMI. The variance in age, gender, BMI, and PAQ-C score accounted altogether for 30.0% of the variance in handgrip, 23.0% in single-leg stance, 26% in sit-and-reach, 36% in shuttle-run, 31% in long-jump, 34% in sprint, and 31% in countermovement jump. Therefore, the relationship between PA and fitness is not absolute and depends on the test and children's characteristics.
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Kerr NR, Booth FW. Contributions of physical inactivity and sedentary behavior to metabolic and endocrine diseases. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2022; 33:817-827. [PMID: 36283907 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Physical inactivity is the fourth leading global cause of death and is a major contributor to metabolic and endocrine diseases. In this review we provide a current update of the past 5 years in the field as it pertains to the most prevalent and deadly chronic diseases. Despite the prevalence of physical inactivity in modern society, it remains largely overlooked relative to other comparable risk factors such as obesity, and our molecular understanding of how physical inactivity impacts metabolism is still partially unknown. Therefore, we discuss current clinical inactivity models along with their most recent findings regarding health outcomes along with any discrepancies that are present in the field. Lastly, we discuss future directions and the need for translatable animal models of physical inactivity to discover novel molecular targets for the prevention of chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R Kerr
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - Frank W Booth
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA; Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
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Broadney MM, Belcher BR, Ghane N, Sheni R, Jayson MJ, Trenschel RW, Collins SM, Brychta RJ, Davis EK, Brady SM, Yang SB, Courville AB, Smith KP, Rosing DR, Chen KY, Yanovski JA. Effects of interrupting daily sedentary behavior on children's glucose metabolism: A 6-day randomized controlled trial. Pediatr Diabetes 2022; 23:1567-1578. [PMID: 36205036 PMCID: PMC9772039 DOI: 10.1111/pedi.13430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic disease risk in youth is influenced by sedentary behaviors. Acute in-lab studies show that, during a single day, interrupting a sedentary period with short bouts of physical activity improves glucometabolic outcomes. OBJECTIVE To determine if acutely improved glucose metabolism persists after multi-day interruptions of sitting with walking brief bouts. We hypothesized that children who underwent interrupting sitting on multiple days would demonstrate lower insulin area under the curve during an oral glucose tolerance test compared to uninterrupted sitting. METHODS Healthy, normoglycemic children (N = 109) ages 7-11 years were randomized to one of two conditions: Control (3 h of daily Uninterrupted Sitting) or Interrupted Sitting (3-min of moderate-intensity walking every 30 min for 3 h daily); with dietary intake controlled through provision of foodstuffs for the entire experiment. Participants attended six consecutive daily visits at a research ambulatory unit. The primary outcome was insulin area under the curve during the oral glucose tolerance test on day 6 during interrupted or uninterrupted sitting; secondary outcomes included glucose and c-peptide area under the curve, energy intake at a buffet meal on day 6, and free-living activity. RESULTS Among 93 children (42 uninterrupted sitting, 51 interrupted sitting), daily interrupted sitting resulted in 21% lower insulin (β = 0.102 CI:0.032-0.172, p = 0.005) and a 10% lower C-peptide (β = 0.043, CI:0.001-0.084, p = 0.045) area under the curve. Matsuda and Glucose Effectiveness Indices were also improved (p's < 0.05). There were no group differences in energy intake or expenditure. CONCLUSIONS Sustained behavioral change by interrupting sedentary behaviors is a promising intervention strategy for improving metabolic risk in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda M. Broadney
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA,Current address: Division of Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Britni R. Belcher
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Bethesda, MD, USA,Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nejla Ghane
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Risha Sheni
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael J. Jayson
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert W. Trenschel
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shavonne M. Collins
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert J. Brychta
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elisabeth K. Davis
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sheila M. Brady
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shanna B. Yang
- Nutrition Department, Hatfield Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amber B. Courville
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA,Nutrition Department, Hatfield Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin P. Smith
- Nursing Department, Hatfield Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD, USA,Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, USA
| | - Douglas R. Rosing
- Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, USA
| | - Kong Y. Chen
- Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Obesity Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jack A. Yanovski
- Section on Growth and Obesity, Division of Intramural Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA
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Galan-Lopez P, Gísladóttir T, Pihu M, Sánchez-Oliver AJ, Ries F, Domínguez R. Health-Related Physical Fitness in Adolescents from Spain, Estonia and Iceland: A Cross-Sectional, Quantitative Study. Sports (Basel) 2022; 10. [PMID: 36548485 DOI: 10.3390/sports10120188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The benefits of physical fitness (PF) for health are well-known. Low PF significantly contributes to the prevalence of obesity in adolescents, with an increased risk of developing chronic diseases. The objectives of the present study were to explore the health-related PF components and body composition levels in adolescents in three European cities, and their differences. The present study is a cross-sectional, descriptive, and quantitative research effort with 1717 participants aged between 13−16 years (48% girls), enrolled in public and private secondary schools in Seville (Spain), Reykjavik (Iceland) and Tartu (Estonia). The ALPHA fitness battery test was used with the following tests: handgrip strength, standing broad jump, 4 × 10 m speed-agility, 20 m shuttle run, and anthropometric variables. Regarding body composition, differences were detected for city and gender in height (p < 0.001), weight (p < 0.001), body fat percentage (p < 0.001), and waist circumference (p < 0.001); but no differences were reported for BMI for both city (p = 0.150) and gender (p = 0.738). Similarly, concerning PF, it was detected statistically significant differences between cities and gender in handgrip strength (p < 0.001), jump test (p < 0.001), speed-agility test (p < 0.001), and cardiovascular endurance in both variables (p < 0.001). In total, 26.8% of the boys and 27.3% of the girls were categorized as overweight; 18.1% of the boys and 31.2% of the girls had an excessive percentage of fat mass; and 22.7% of the boys and 22.2% of the girls showed an excessive waist circumference. The participants from Seville presented the lowest results in PF tests. In contrast, Reykjavik, with the highest results in the endurance and speed-agility tests, and Tartu, with higher results in the manual grip strength and long jump tests, shared the highest results.
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