1
|
Forman DE, Pignolo RJ. A Pragmatic Approach to Introducing Translational Geroscience Into the Clinic: A Paradigm Based on the Incremental Progression of Aging-Related Clinical Research. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2024; 79:glae062. [PMID: 39126296 PMCID: PMC11316203 DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glae062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Geroscience posits that molecular drivers underlie the aging process. Gerotherapeutics entail strategies to counter molecular drivers of aging to reduce the chronic diseases and geriatric syndromes they trigger. Although the concept of gerotherapeutics for prevention has generated much excitement, the implications of prescribing potentially harmful medications to older adults who are "healthy" have been associated with many delays. Concerns regarding safety and valid endpoints have contributed to holdups. In contrast, it has been relatively easier to implement trials of medications with gerotherapeutic properties as novel approaches to remedy disease. In these applications, the risks of the medications are easier to justify when therapeutic benefits are perceived as outweighing the harms of the disease. Likewise, metrics of effective disease treatments are often seen as more reliable and quantifiable than metrics of health prolongation. Overall, clarifying geroscience mechanisms in disease therapeutic applications provides key opportunities to advance translational geroscience, especially as preventive geroscience trials are often encumbered. In this review, gerotherapeutic benefits of canakinumab, cholchicine, and zoledronic acid as parts of disease management are considered. Longevity Clinics and other opportunities to advance translational geroscience as parts of contemporary care are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E Forman
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics and Cardiology, University of Pittsburgh and Pittsburgh Geriatrics, Research, and Clinical Center (GRECC), VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert J Pignolo
- Department of Medicine (Divisions of Hospital Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, and Section on Geriatric Medicine & Gerontology), Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lin L, Liao S, Yan Z, Liu C, Wang Q, Wang F. The Level of Expectations Regarding Aging Among Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc 2024; 25:410-416. [PMID: 37806319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically review the level of expectations regarding aging (ERA) among older adults. DESIGN Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Adults aged 60 years and older in any setting. METHODS We searched 11 databases for cross-sectional studies that reported ERA scores among older adults using the ERA survey from inception to May 1, 2022, without language restrictions. Two researchers independently selected studies, extracted data, and assessed quality. The mean scores and standard deviations of the ERA survey and its subscales were pooled using the Stata software (version 17.0). RESULTS Twelve studies with 3664 participants were included in this study. The pooled mean scores of overall ERA were 37.85 (95% CI, 33.54-42.16). Specifically, the pooled scores for expectations regarding physical health, mental health, and cognitive function were 31.67 (95% CI, 27.42-35.92), 43.69 (95% CI, 38.99-48.39), and 33.28 (95% CI, 29.56-37.00), respectively. No statistically significant differences between groups were observed in any subgroup analysis. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS The level of ERA among older adults is relatively low, particularly concerning cognitive function and physical health dimensions. These findings may provide a valuable reference for public health professionals and policymakers to intervene and manage the health problems of older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lunwei Lin
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shunqi Liao
- Intensive Care Unit, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhangrong Yan
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chaofan Liu
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Nursing, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Dean's Office, Guang'an Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guang'an, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jacobson RM, Pignolo RJ, Lazaridis KN. Clinical Trials for Special Populations: Children, Older Adults, and Rare Diseases. Mayo Clin Proc 2024; 99:318-335. [PMID: 38309939 PMCID: PMC10842263 DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
Research cannot maximize population health unless it improves health for all members of the public, including special populations such as children, older adults, and people living with rare diseases. Each of these categories require special considerations when planning and performing clinical trials, and common threads of ethical conduct of research in vulnerable populations appear throughout. In this review, definitions of each of the three categories of special population (children, older adults, and rare diseases) are discussed in terms of US research regulations, the unique challenges to conducting clinical trials for these special populations, critical ethical issues, and opportunities for innovative ways to design and operationalize clinical trials in special populations. Additional critical attention is focused on factors that influence the generalizability of study results to reduce health disparities, as well as the importance of community engagement and advocacy groups that can help to educate potential trial participants of the benefits of clinical trial participation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert M Jacobson
- Department of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine and Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - Robert J Pignolo
- Department of Medicine and Divisions of Hospital Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Home of Medical Excellence in Geriatric Medicine and Gerontology, Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, and Robert and Arlene Kogod Center on Aging, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Konstantinos N Lazaridis
- Center for Individualized Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bhattacharyya KK, Molinari V. Impact of Optimism on Cognitive Performance of People Living in Rural Area: Findings From a 20-Year Study in US Adults. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2024; 10:23337214241239147. [PMID: 38500788 PMCID: PMC10946068 DOI: 10.1177/23337214241239147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Mid- or early-late-life cognitive function is an indicator for developing late-life dementia. However, it is still unclear whether rural/urban living contexts provide cognitive benefits across adulthood. Further, higher optimism serves as a general protective factor for many health outcomes. The present study examines associations between rurality/urbanicity, optimism, and change in mid/late-life cognitive functions over time. Methods: Data were from waves 1 to 3 (1995-2015) of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study (N = 2,507). Structural equation models examine whether long-term rural living across both waves (1-2) or intermittent rural living at one wave is associated with better cognitive function over 20 years, compared to no rural living, while controlling for prior cognitive function and covariates (baseline socio-demographics, health, and functional status). Additionally, we assessed if optimism mediates the above associations. Results: After controlling for covariates, long-term rural living (waves 1-2) was indirectly (through less optimism) associated with significantly lower levels of cognitive executive function and episodic memory in wave 3. Conclusions: While long-term rural living and cognitive outcomes have no direct association for MIDUS middle-aged and older adults, mediating roles of optimism in these associations were evident. Future investigations could examine mechanisms that underlie these risk/protective factors on late-life cognition.
Collapse
|
5
|
Arbel I, Cameron JI, Trentham B, Dawson DR. A Narrative Inquiry Into the Lived Experiences of the Oldest-Old Caregivers and How These Are Shaped by Age and Aging. THE GERONTOLOGIST 2023; 63:1385-1394. [PMID: 36516466 DOI: 10.1093/geront/gnac185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Oldest-old (80+) spousal caregivers of people with dementia are a fast-growing, highly vulnerable, and poorly understood population. As oldest-old individuals, these caregivers have a high likelihood of experiencing aging-related changes (e.g., frailty and multimorbidity) that result in unique caregiving experiences and support needs. Specialized interventions, sensitive to caregivers' age- and aging-related experiences and needs, may be required to provide adequate support to this group. To date, this group has received limited attention in the literature. Thus, the purpose of this study was to elucidate how age and aging shape the experiences of oldest-old spousal caregivers of people with dementia. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We used a narrative gerontology approach, with 2-3 semistructured interviews with 11 caregivers ages 80-89 (25 interviews in total). We analyzed narrative data thematically. RESULTS We identified 4 main themes representing caregivers' perceptions of age or aging: aging as decline, aging as life experience, doings in older age, and older age as perceived by others. Our results illustrate a breadth of age- and aging-related caregiving experiences stemming from each perception. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS This study provides insight into the particular experiences of oldest-old spousal caregivers of people with dementia and provides a foundation for critical future research that will continue to explore the experiences of this unique and fast-growing caregiving group. A more nuanced understanding of this caregiving subgroup is needed to develop age-sensitive health and social care services to meet their needs and, ultimately, improve their well-being and that of their spouses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ifah Arbel
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jill I Cameron
- Rehabilitation Sciences Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Barry Trentham
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Deirdre R Dawson
- Rotman Research Institute, Baycrest Health Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Sharif Nia H, She L, Somasundram S, Khoshnavay Fomani F, Kaveh O, Hosseini L. Validity and Reliability of Persian Version of the 12-Item Expectations Regarding Aging Survey. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2023; 96:248-262. [PMID: 35266410 DOI: 10.1177/00914150221084650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective:The present study was designed to assess the construct validity and reliability of the Persian version of the 12-item Expectations Regarding Aging (ERA) survey among the older adult Iranian population. Methods: The Persian version of this scale was developed using translation and revision in the current study. The construct validity was assessed through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The reliability was assessed through internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha and McDonald's omega), composite reliability (CR), and maximal reliability (MaXR). The data compiled online was based on a sample of 400 older adults aged 65 years and older. Results: The Persian version includes 12 items loading onto three factors with 12 items explaining 46.633% of the total variance with excellent internal consistency and reliability. Conclusion: The Persian version of ERA is reliable and valid that can be used to assess the ERA concept among older adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Sharif Nia
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Addiction Institute, 92948Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Long She
- School of Business, Swinburne University of Technology, Sarawak, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Omolhoda Kaveh
- 92948Mazandaran University of Medical Science, Sari, Iran
| | - Lida Hosseini
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, 440827Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Allen JO, Elias LK, Greenwood JC. Differences and Disparities in Ageism Affecting Older US Adults: A Review. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2023; 10:17-32. [PMID: 37483335 PMCID: PMC10358738 DOI: 10.1007/s40471-022-00316-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review This review summarizes findings from quantitative research studies published between 2010 and 2022 providing insight on sociodemographic differences and disparities in ageism among US adults ages 50 and older. Findings Across 21 studies, disparities in ageism were more consistently found such that those who were older (57% of studies), with less education (64%), and of lower socioeconomic status (100%) reported more ageism than their counterparts. Amount of ageism did not differ by sex in the majority (71%) of studies. Findings regarding race/ethnicity were mixed. Other possible differences in ageism, assessed in a small number of studies, were patterned by employment characteristics, geographic residence, religiosity, and political affiliation but not by marital or employment status. Summary Given that ageism is both common and associated with poor health outcomes, identifying disproportionately affected segments of the older adult population is a necessary prerequisite for developing targeted interventions to reduce negative outcomes linked to ageism and associated health disparities. Evidence within this review suggests that the patterning of ageism may deviate from that typically documented for other social and structural disadvantages. Some groups traditionally considered to be socially marginalized were found to report more ageism while others did not.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Ober Allen
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA; Research Center for Group Dynamics, Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Lauren K Elias
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Josephine C Greenwood
- Department of Health and Exercise Science, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Annear M, Shimizu Y, Kidokoro T. Health-Related Expectations Regarding Aging among Middle-Aged and Older Japanese: Psychometric Performance and Novel Findings from the ERA-12-J. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13509. [PMID: 36294091 PMCID: PMC9603585 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Health-related expectations regarding aging is a gerontological construct that is potentially predictive of morbidity and mortality in later life. The Expectations Regarding Ageing scale (ERA-12) is a widely used measure of health-related expectations, although it has not previously been administered in Japanese. The present research aimed to elucidate the psychometric properties of the first Japanese translation of the ERA-12 and evaluate health-related expectations among middle-aged and older Japanese. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Repeated online surveys were conducted with representative quota samples of middle-aged and older adults in Tokyo during 2021 (N = 1600). Primary outcome measures included total and subscale scores on a Japanese translation of the ERA-12 (ERA-12-J) addressing perceptions of physical, mental, and cognitive health. Standard measures were also used to gather information regarding respondent demographic details, general health, and health-related behavior. RESULTS The ERA-12-J and associated subscales showed acceptable test-retest reliability (t(1598) = 0.60, p = 0.63), internal consistency (α > 0.80), inter-item correlation (r = 0.21-0.78) and item-total correlation (r = 0.53-0.73). Confirmatory Factor Analysis verified the hypothesized three-factor structure and construct validity on four common indices of fit (GFI = 0.968; CFI = 0.978; AGFI = 0.950; RMSEA = 0.059). ERA-12-J scores among Japanese respondents revealed prevailing negative sentiments concerning physical and cognitive health, with less negative sentiment regarding mental health. Significant and independent differences emerged concerning gender and age cohort, with middle-aged adults and females holding more negative expectations about their future health. DISCUSSION AND IMPLICATIONS The ERA-12-J provides a sound basis for the elucidation of health-related expectations about aging in Japan and a useful tool for international comparative studies. Education and workplace intervention may be required in Japan to address age and gender disparities in health-related expectations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Annear
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University, Nishitokyo 202-0021, Japan
| | - Yasuo Shimizu
- Division of Arts and Sciences, International Christian University, Mitaka 181-8585, Japan
| | - Tetsuhiro Kidokoro
- Research Institute of Physical Education, Nippon Sport Science University, Setagaya-ku 158-8508, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
How Cross-Discipline Understanding and Communication Can Improve Research on Multiracial Populations. SOCIAL SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/socsci11030090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
One of the strengths of Critical Mixed Race Studies is that it represents research methodologies and frameworks from multiple disciplines across the social sciences and humanities. However, if these disciplines are not in dialogue with each other, that benefit may be lost. Here, we use psychological and sociological research on Multiracial populations as examples to argue how strict disciplinarity and methodological trends may limit scientific production. We propose that reading and citing work across disciplines, expanding methodological training, and rejecting hegemonic “white logic” assumptions about what is “publishable” can enhance Multiracial research. First, the ability to cite effectively across disciplines will shorten the time it takes for new theories to be developed that focus on empirically underrepresented populations. Secondly, increasing understanding of both quantitative and qualitative methods will allow more effective reading between disciplines while also creating opportunities to engage with both causality and the richness of experiences that comprise being Multiracial. Finally, these changes would then situate scholars to be more effective reviewers, thereby enhancing the peer-reviewed publication process to one that routinely rejects color evasive racist practices that privilege work on majority populations.
Collapse
|
10
|
Hu Y, Xu Y, Mao L, Lei W, Xiang J, Gao L, Jiang J, Huang L, Luo OJ, Duan J, Chen G. Gene Expression Analysis Reveals Age and Ethnicity Signatures Between Young and Old Adults in Human PBMC. FRONTIERS IN AGING 2022; 2:797040. [PMID: 35822054 PMCID: PMC9261324 DOI: 10.3389/fragi.2021.797040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Human immune system functions over an entire lifetime, yet how and why the immune system becomes less effective with age are not well understood. Here, we characterize peripheral blood mononuclear cell transcriptome from 132 healthy adults with 21–90 years of age using the weighted gene correlation network analyses. In our study, 113 Caucasian from the 10KIP database and RNA-seq data of 19 Asian (Chinese) are used to explore the differential co-expression genes in PBMC aging. These two dataset reveal a set of insightful gene expression modules and representative gene biomarkers for human immune system aging from Asian and Caucasian ancestry, respectively. Among them, the aging-specific modules may show an age-related gene expression variation spike around early-seventies. In addition, we find the top hub genes including NUDT7, CLPB, OXNAD1, and MLLT3 are shared between Asian and Caucasian aging related modules and further validated in human PBMCs from different age groups. Overall, the impact of age and race on transcriptional variation elucidated from this study may provide insights into the transcriptional driver of immune aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- Institute of Geriatric Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Guangdong Provincial Reproductive Science Institute, Guangdong Provincial Fertility Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yudai Xu
- Institute of Geriatric Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lipeng Mao
- Institute of Geriatric Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen Lei
- Institute of Geriatric Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Xiang
- Institute of Geriatric Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lijuan Gao
- Institute of Geriatric Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junxing Jiang
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li`an Huang
- Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Oscar Junhong Luo
- Institute of Geriatric Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Systems Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Oscar Junhong Luo, ; Jinhai Duan, ; Guobing Chen,
| | - Jinhai Duan
- Eastern Department of Neurology of Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guandong, China
- *Correspondence: Oscar Junhong Luo, ; Jinhai Duan, ; Guobing Chen,
| | - Guobing Chen
- Institute of Geriatric Immunology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Oscar Junhong Luo, ; Jinhai Duan, ; Guobing Chen,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Hicks PM, Siedlecki A, Haaland B, Owen LA, Au E, Feehan M, Murtaugh MA, Sieminski S, Reynolds A, Lillvis J, DeAngelis MM. A global genetic epidemiological review of pseudoexfoliation syndrome. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.37349/emed.2021.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Pseudoexfoliation (PXF) syndrome is an important public health concern requiring individual population level analysis. Disease prevalence differs by geographic location and ethnicity, and has environmental, demographic, genetic, and molecular risk factors have been demonstrated. Epidemiological factors that have been associated with PXF include age, sex, environmental factors, and diet. Genetic and molecular components have also been identified that are associated with PXF. Underserved populations are often understudied within scientific research, including research about eye disease such as PXF, contributing to the persistence of health disparities within these populations. In each population, PXF needs may be different, and by having research that identifies individual population needs about PXF, the resources in that population can be more efficiently utilized. Otherwise, PXF intervention and care management based only on the broadest level of understanding may continue to exacerbate health disparities in populations disproportionally burdened by PXF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrice M. Hicks
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA;Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Adam Siedlecki
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, SUNY-University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14209, USA
| | - Benjamin Haaland
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Leah A. Owen
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA;Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA;Department of Ophthalmology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, SUNY-University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14209, USA
| | - Elizabeth Au
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, SUNY-University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14209, USA
| | - Michael Feehan
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA;Department of Ophthalmology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, SUNY-University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14209, USA;Cerner Enviza, Kansas City, MO 64117, USA
| | - Maureen A. Murtaugh
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA;Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
| | - Sandra Sieminski
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, SUNY-University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14209, USA
| | - Andrew Reynolds
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, SUNY-University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14209, USA
| | - John Lillvis
- Department of Ophthalmology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, SUNY-University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14209, USA;VA Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY 14215, USA
| | - Margaret M. DeAngelis
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA;Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA;Department of Ophthalmology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering, SUNY-University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14209, USA;VA Western New York Healthcare System, Buffalo, NY 14215, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Everett A, Wong A, Piper R, Cone B, Marrone N. Sensitivity and Specificity of Pure-Tone and Subjective Hearing Screenings Using Spanish-Language Questions. Am J Audiol 2020; 29:35-49. [PMID: 32073298 PMCID: PMC7229776 DOI: 10.1044/2019_aja-19-00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine the sensitivities and specificities of different audiometric hearing screening criteria and single-item and multi-item hearing disability questionnaires among a group of Spanish-speaking adults in a rural community. Method Participants were 131 predominantly older (77% 65+ years) Hispanic/Latinx adults (98%). A structured Spanish-language interview and pure-tone threshold test data were analyzed for each participant. The sensitivities and specificities of three single questions and the Hearing Handicap Index for the Elderly-Screening (HHIE-S; Ventry & Weinstein, 1983) in Spanish, as well as three audiometric screening criteria, were evaluated in relation to the pure-tone threshold test for detecting hearing loss. Results Sensitivity and specificity of audiometric screening criteria varied, but the highest sensitivity was found for the criterion of > 25 dB HL at 1-4 kHz in either ear. The single self-perception question, "¿Cree usted que tiene pérdida de audición? (Do you think you have a hearing loss?)," was shown to be the most sensitive self-report screening compared to other single-item questions and the HHIE-S. This single question was as sensitive as an audiometric screening to detect a moderate hearing loss (> 40 dB HL in either ear). Results from the Spanish HHIE-S indicated poor performance to detect hearing loss in this population, consistent with previous research. Conclusions Among older Spanish-speaking adults, self-reported hearing status had varying sensitivities depending on the question asked. However, of the tools evaluated, the self-perception question proved to be a more sensitive and specific tool than a multi-item screen. Objective audiometric testing (> 25 dB HL) resulted in the highest sensitivity to detect a mild hearing loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Everett
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson
| | - Aileen Wong
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson
| | - Rosie Piper
- Mariposa Community Health Center, Nogales, AZ
| | - Barbara Cone
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson
| | - Nicole Marrone
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, The University of Arizona, Tucson
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Choi EY, Jang Y. Subjective Age in Older Korean Americans: The Impact of Functional Disability Mediated by Attitudes Toward Aging. Int J Aging Hum Dev 2019; 91:563-580. [PMID: 31718235 DOI: 10.1177/0091415019887677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The present study aims to examine how subjective age of older Korean Americans would be affected by functional disability and attitudes toward aging. We hypothesized that (a) both functional disability and attitudes toward aging would have a direct effect on subjective age and (b) the effect of functional disability on subjective age would be mediated by attitudes toward aging. Our analyses of the survey data with 208 community-dwelling Korean Americans aged 60 and older (mean age = 69.6, SD = 7.51) showed that the indirect effect of functional disability on subjective age through attitudes toward aging [-.020 (.009)] was significant (bias-corrected 95% confidence interval [-.039, -.006]). The findings suggest that functional disability fosters negative attitudes toward aging, which in turn leads to the feelings of being older than actual age. Our study suggests ways to preserve and promote positive perceptions of age and aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Y Choi
- Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Yuri Jang
- Edward R. Roybal Institute on Aging, Suzanne Dworak-Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Nieves-Lugo K, Ware D, Friedman MR, Haberlen S, Egan J, Brown AL, Dakwar O, Plankey M. Self-perception of aging among HIV-positive and HIV-negative participants in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. AIDS Care 2019; 32:818-828. [PMID: 31547674 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2019.1668536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Self-perception of aging is an important predictor of quality of life. Therefore, we sought to examine self-perceptions of aging (age discrepancy and aging satisfaction) between HIV-positive and HIV-negative men in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). We included 835 HIV-negative and 784 HIV-positive men aged 50 years and older who had completed a survey about age discrepancy and aging satisfaction from the "Attitude toward own aging" subscale of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale scale. Multinomial generalized logit models were generated to assess self-perception of aging by HIV-status. Most of the participants self-identified as white, former smokers, and had completed high school. HIV-positive individuals reported higher prevalence of comorbidities than HIV-negative individuals. After adjusting for covariates, positive age discrepancy (older subjective age) was positively associated with being HIV-positive and having less than a high school education, depressive symptoms, diabetes, and medium and low aging satisfaction. Low aging satisfaction was associated with being a current and former smoker and having depressive symptoms, diabetes, and no age and positive age discrepancy. Being black had decreased odds of low aging satisfaction. These findings should inform health care professionals to promote positive views of aging in the assessment and management of HIV, depression, and diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Nieves-Lugo
- Department of Psychology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Deanna Ware
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - M Reuel Friedman
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Sabina Haberlen
- Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - James Egan
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Andre L Brown
- Department of Behavioral and Community Health Sciences, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Omar Dakwar
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael Plankey
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
|