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Decloquement M, Venuto MT, Cogez V, Steinmetz A, Schulz C, Lion C, Noel M, Rigolot V, Teppa RE, Biot C, Rebl A, Galuska SP, Harduin-Lepers A. Salmonid polysialyltransferases to generate a variety of sialic acid polymers. Sci Rep 2023; 13:15610. [PMID: 37730806 PMCID: PMC10511417 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-42095-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The human polysialyltransferases ST8Sia II and ST8Sia IV catalyze the transfer of several Neu5Ac residues onto glycoproteins forming homopolymers with essential roles during different physiological processes. In salmonids, heterogeneous set of sialic acids polymers have been described in ovary and on eggs cell surface and three genes st8sia4, st8sia2-r1 and st8sia2-r2 were identified that could be implicated in these heteropolymers. The three polysialyltransferases from the salmonid Coregonus maraena were cloned, recombinantly expressed in HEK293 cells and the ST8Sia IV was biochemically characterized. The MicroPlate Sialyltransferase Assay and the non-natural donor substrate CMP-SiaNAl were used to demonstrate enzyme activity and optimize polysialylation reactions. Polysialylation was also carried out with natural donor substrates CMP-Neu5Ac, CMP-Neu5Gc and CMP-Kdn in cell-free and cell-based assays and structural analyses of polysialylated products using the anti-polySia monoclonal antibody 735 and endoneuraminidase N and HPLC approaches. Our data highlighted distinct specificities of human and salmonid polysialyltransferases with notable differences in donor substrates use and the capacity of fish enzymes to generate heteropolymers. This study further suggested an evolution of the biological functions of polySia. C. maraena ST8Sia IV of particular interest to modify glycoproteins with a variety of polySia chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Decloquement
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Marzia Tindara Venuto
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Virginie Cogez
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Anna Steinmetz
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Céline Schulz
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Cédric Lion
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Maxence Noel
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Vincent Rigolot
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Roxana Elin Teppa
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Christophe Biot
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Alexander Rebl
- Institute of Genome Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology FBN, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany
| | - Sebastian Peter Galuska
- Institute of Reproductive Biology, Research Institute for Farm Animal Biology (FBN), Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196, Dummerstorf, Germany.
| | - Anne Harduin-Lepers
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, 59000, Lille, France.
- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR CNRS 8576, Faculté des sciences et Technologies, Univ. Lille, 59655, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France.
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Yarravarapu N, Konada RSR, Darabedian N, Pedowitz NJ, Krishnamurthy SN, Pratt MR, Kohler JJ. Exo-Enzymatic Addition of Diazirine-Modified Sialic Acid to Cell Surfaces Enables Photocrosslinking of Glycoproteins. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:781-787. [PMID: 35437982 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Glycan binding often mediates extracellular macromolecular recognition events. Accurate characterization of these binding interactions can be difficult because of dissociation and scrambling that occur during purification and analysis steps. Use of photocrosslinking methods has been pursued to covalently capture glycan-dependent interactions in situ; however, use of metabolic glycan engineering methods to incorporate photocrosslinking sugar analogs is limited to certain cell types. Here, we report an exo-enzymatic labeling method to add a diazirine-modified sialic acid (SiaDAz) to cell surface glycoconjugates. The method involves the chemoenzymatic synthesis of diazirine-modified CMP-sialic acid (CMP-SiaDAz), followed by sialyltransferase-catalyzed addition of SiaDAz to desialylated cell surfaces. Cell surface SiaDAzylation is compatible with multiple cell types and is facilitated by endogenous extracellular sialyltransferase activity present in Daudi B cells. This method for extracellular addition of α2-6-linked SiaDAz enables UV-induced crosslinking of CD22, demonstrating the utility for covalent capture of glycan-mediated binding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jennifer J Kohler
- Department of Biochemistry, UT Southwestern, Dallas, Texas 75390, United States
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3
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Mikkola S. Nucleotide Sugars in Chemistry and Biology. Molecules 2020; 25:E5755. [PMID: 33291296 PMCID: PMC7729866 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleotide sugars have essential roles in every living creature. They are the building blocks of the biosynthesis of carbohydrates and their conjugates. They are involved in processes that are targets for drug development, and their analogs are potential inhibitors of these processes. Drug development requires efficient methods for the synthesis of oligosaccharides and nucleotide sugar building blocks as well as of modified structures as potential inhibitors. It requires also understanding the details of biological and chemical processes as well as the reactivity and reactions under different conditions. This article addresses all these issues by giving a broad overview on nucleotide sugars in biological and chemical reactions. As the background for the topic, glycosylation reactions in mammalian and bacterial cells are briefly discussed. In the following sections, structures and biosynthetic routes for nucleotide sugars, as well as the mechanisms of action of nucleotide sugar-utilizing enzymes, are discussed. Chemical topics include the reactivity and chemical synthesis methods. Finally, the enzymatic in vitro synthesis of nucleotide sugars and the utilization of enzyme cascades in the synthesis of nucleotide sugars and oligosaccharides are briefly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satu Mikkola
- Department of Chemistry, University of Turku, 20014 Turku, Finland
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4
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Enzymatic Synthesis of Glycans and Glycoconjugates. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 175:231-280. [PMID: 33052414 DOI: 10.1007/10_2020_148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glycoconjugates have great potential to improve human health in a multitude of different ways and fields. Prominent examples are human milk oligosaccharides and glycosaminoglycans. The typical choice for the production of homogeneous glycoconjugates is enzymatic synthesis. Through the availability of expression and purification protocols, recombinant Leloir glycosyltransferases are widely applied as catalysts for the synthesis of a wide range of glycoconjugates. Extensive utilization of these enzymes also depends on the availability of activated sugars as building blocks. Multi-enzyme cascades have proven a versatile technique to synthesize and in situ regenerate nucleotide sugar.In this chapter, the functions and mechanisms of Leloir glycosyltransferases are revisited, and the advantage of prokaryotic sources and production systems is discussed. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro pathways for the synthesis of nucleotide sugar are reviewed. In the second part, recent and prominent examples of the application of Leloir glycosyltransferase are given, i.e., the synthesis of glycosaminoglycans, glycoconjugate vaccines, and human milk oligosaccharides as well as the re-glycosylation of biopharmaceuticals, and the status of automated glycan assembly is revisited.
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Chao Q, Ding Y, Chen ZH, Xiang MH, Wang N, Gao XD. Recent Progress in Chemo-Enzymatic Methods for the Synthesis of N-Glycans. Front Chem 2020; 8:513. [PMID: 32612979 PMCID: PMC7309569 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Asparagine (N)-linked glycosylation is one of the most common co- and post-translational modifications of both intra- and extracellularly distributing proteins, which directly affects their biological functions, such as protein folding, stability and intercellular traffic. Production of the structural well-defined homogeneous N-glycans contributes to comprehensive investigation of their biological roles and molecular basis. Among the various methods, chemo-enzymatic approach serves as an alternative to chemical synthesis, providing high stereoselectivity and economic efficiency. This review summarizes some recent advances in the chemo-enzymatic methods for the production of N-glycans, including the preparation of substrates and sugar donors, and the progress in the glycosyltransferases characterization which leads to the diversity of N-glycan synthesis. We discuss the bottle-neck and new opportunities in exploiting the chemo-enzymatic synthesis of N-glycans based on our research experiences. In addition, downstream applications of the constructed N-glycans, such as automation devices and homogeneous glycoproteins synthesis are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Zheng-Hui Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Meng-Hai Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ning Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Gao
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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Novel Zebrafish Mono-α2,8-sialyltransferase (ST8Sia VIII): An Evolutionary Perspective of α2,8-Sialylation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030622. [PMID: 30709055 PMCID: PMC6387029 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammalian mono-α2,8-sialyltransferase ST8Sia VI has been shown to catalyze the transfer of a unique sialic acid residues onto core 1 O-glycans leading to the formation of di-sialylated O-glycosylproteins and to a lesser extent to diSia motifs onto glycolipids like GD1a. Previous studies also reported the identification of an orthologue of the ST8SIA6 gene in the zebrafish genome. Trying to get insights into the biosynthesis and function of the oligo-sialylated glycoproteins during zebrafish development, we cloned and studied this fish α2,8-sialyltransferase homologue. In situ hybridization experiments demonstrate that expression of this gene is always detectable during zebrafish development both in the central nervous system and in non-neuronal tissues. Intriguingly, using biochemical approaches and the newly developed in vitro MicroPlate Sialyltransferase Assay (MPSA), we found that the zebrafish recombinant enzyme does not synthetize diSia motifs on glycoproteins or glycolipids as the human homologue does. Using comparative genomics and molecular phylogeny approaches, we show in this work that the human ST8Sia VI orthologue has disappeared in the ray-finned fish and that the homologue described in fish correspond to a new subfamily of α2,8-sialyltransferase named ST8Sia VIII that was not maintained in Chondrichtyes and Sarcopterygii.
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Noel M, Gilormini PA, Cogez V, Lion C, Biot C, Harduin-Lepers A, Guérardel Y. MicroPlate Sialyltransferase Assay: A Rapid and Sensitive Assay Based on an Unnatural Sialic Acid Donor and Bioorthogonal Chemistry. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:3377-3384. [PMID: 30192128 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian sialyltransferases transfer sialic acids onto glycoproteins and glycolipids within the Golgi apparatus. Despite their key role in glycosylation, the study of their enzymatic activities is limited by the lack of appropriate tools. Herein, we developed a quick and sensitive sialyltransferase microplate assay based on the use of the unnatural CMP-SiaNAl donor substrate. In this assay, an appropriate acceptor glycoprotein is coated on the bottom of 96-well plate and the sialyltransferase activity is assessed using CMP-SiaNAl. The alkyne tag of SiaNAl enables subsequent covalent ligation of an azido-biotin probe via CuAAC and an antibiotin-HRP conjugated antibody is then used to quantify the amount of transferred SiaNAl by a colorimetric titration. With this test, we evaluated the kinetic characteristics and substrate preferences of two human sialyltransferases, ST6Gal I and ST3Gal I toward a panel of asialoglycoprotein acceptors, and identified cations that display a sialyltransferase inhibitory effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxence Noel
- Universite Lille , CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F 59000 Lille , France
| | - Pierre-André Gilormini
- Universite Lille , CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F 59000 Lille , France
| | - Virginie Cogez
- Universite Lille , CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F 59000 Lille , France
| | - Cédric Lion
- Universite Lille , CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F 59000 Lille , France
| | - Christophe Biot
- Universite Lille , CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F 59000 Lille , France
| | - Anne Harduin-Lepers
- Universite Lille , CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F 59000 Lille , France
| | - Yann Guérardel
- Universite Lille , CNRS, UMR 8576 - UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, F 59000 Lille , France
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8
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Gilormini PA, Batt AR, Pratt MR, Biot C. Asking more from metabolic oligosaccharide engineering. Chem Sci 2018; 9:7585-7595. [PMID: 30393518 PMCID: PMC6187459 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc02241k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic Oligosaccharide Engineering (MOE) is a groundbreaking strategy which has been largely used in the last decades, as a powerful strategy for glycans understanding. The present review aims to highlight recent studies that are pushing the boundaries of MOE applications.
Glycans form one of the four classes of biomolecules, are found in every living system and present a huge structural and functional diversity. As an illustration of this diversity, it has been reported that more than 50% of the human proteome is glycosylated and that 2% of the human genome is dedicated to glycosylation processes. Glycans are involved in many biological processes such as signalization, cell–cell or host pathogen interactions, immunity, etc. However, fundamental processes associated with glycans are not yet fully understood and the development of glycobiology is relatively recent compared to the study of genes or proteins. Approximately 25 years ago, the studies of Bertozzi's and Reutter's groups paved the way for metabolic oligosaccharide engineering (MOE), a strategy which consists in the use of modified sugar analogs which are taken up into the cells, metabolized, incorporated into glycoconjugates, and finally detected in a specific manner. This groundbreaking strategy has been widely used during the last few decades and the concomitant development of new bioorthogonal ligation reactions has allowed many advances in the field. Typically, MOE has been used to either visualize glycans or identify different classes of glycoproteins. The present review aims to highlight recent studies that lie somewhat outside of these more traditional approaches and that are pushing the boundaries of MOE applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-André Gilormini
- University of Lille , CNRS UMR 8576 , UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle , F-59000 Lille , France .
| | - Anna R Batt
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , 840 Downey Way , LJS 250 Los Angeles , CA 90089 , USA
| | - Matthew R Pratt
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , 840 Downey Way , LJS 250 Los Angeles , CA 90089 , USA.,Department of Biological Sciences , University of Southern California , 840 Downey Way , LJS 250 Los Angeles , CA 90089 , USA
| | - Christophe Biot
- University of Lille , CNRS UMR 8576 , UGSF - Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle , F-59000 Lille , France .
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9
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Noel M, Gilormini P, Cogez V, Yamakawa N, Vicogne D, Lion C, Biot C, Guérardel Y, Harduin‐Lepers A. Probing the CMP-Sialic Acid Donor Specificity of Two Human β-d-Galactoside Sialyltransferases (ST3Gal I and ST6Gal I) Selectively Acting on O- and N-Glycosylproteins. Chembiochem 2017; 18:1251-1259. [PMID: 28395125 PMCID: PMC5499661 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Sialylation of glycoproteins and glycolipids is catalyzed by sialyltransferases in the Golgi of mammalian cells, whereby sialic acid residues are added at the nonreducing ends of oligosaccharides. Because sialylated glycans play critical roles in a number of human physio-pathological processes, the past two decades have witnessed the development of modified sialic acid derivatives for a better understanding of sialic acid biology and for the development of new therapeutic targets. However, nothing is known about how individual mammalian sialyltransferases tolerate and behave towards these unnatural CMP-sialic acid donors. In this study, we devised several approaches to investigate the donor specificity of the human β-d-galactoside sialyltransferases ST6Gal I and ST3Gal I by using two CMP-sialic acids: CMP-Neu5Ac, and CMP-Neu5N-(4pentynoyl)neuraminic acid (CMP-SiaNAl), an unnatural CMP-sialic acid donor with an extended and functionalized N-acyl moiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxence Noel
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Pierre‐André Gilormini
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Virginie Cogez
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Nao Yamakawa
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Dorothée Vicogne
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Cédric Lion
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Christophe Biot
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Yann Guérardel
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
| | - Anne Harduin‐Lepers
- Université de LilleCNRSUMR 8576UGSFUnité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle59000LilleFrance
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