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Erzse A, Desmond C, Hofman K, Barker M, Christofides NJ. Identifying pregnant and postpartum women's priorities for enhancing nutrition support through social needs programmes in a resource-constrained urban community in South Africa. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:2231. [PMID: 39152404 PMCID: PMC11328437 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19591-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Malnutrition remains a pressing public health concern for mothers and children in South Africa. Despite the government's multisectoral response, unaddressed social needs prevent some mothers getting full benefit from interventions, spanning financial planning, income stability, housing, access to government services, social support, and provision of affordable, nutritious foods. Engaging with mothers and prioritising their concerns is important if we wish to overcome obstacles to women benefiting from government nutrition interventions. This study aimed to identify the programmes that women perceived as a priority in addressing the social needs of mothers of young infants and pregnant women to enhance nutrition in a resource-constrained urban township in South Africa. METHODS A cross-sectional study employed a quantitative preference elicitation survey, administered to 210 mothers and pregnant women from five primary healthcare facilities in Soweto. The survey tool was developed with the community to identify unmet social needs and potential solutions, which were synthesised with findings from the literature. The survey described 15 programmes, grouped into three delivery levels: clinics, community, and government. Participants were required to rank programme options in two stages. First, they selected their top two programmes within each delivery level. Subsequently, they allocated stickers to indicate the strength of their preference among the top programmes across the levels. Rankings were analysed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS The highest priority was given to five programmes. Two delivered at the community level: Women's economic empowerment groups and Job search assistance, two at the clinic level: Social needs assessment and referral, and Prescription-based food, and one at the government level: Free quality childcare. The lowest-ranked programmes were two clinic-based programmes, specifically Maternal nutrition groups and Couple antenatal education. CONCLUSION Women expressed strong views about which programmes should be prioritised to support mothers and pregnant women in addressing their social needs and improving nutrition. Key areas included providing support with job searching and entrepreneurship, accessing childcare and the healthy foods recommended at clinics, as well as finding information on available community and government services. Leveraging multisectoral collaboration, aligned policy objectives, efficient public financing, and strengthened implementation capacity will be pivotal in delivering these programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnes Erzse
- SAMRC/Wits Centre for Health Economics and Decision Science-PRICELESS SA, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Chris Desmond
- SAMRC/Wits Centre for Health Economics and Decision Science-PRICELESS SA, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
- School of Economics and Finance, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Karen Hofman
- SAMRC/Wits Centre for Health Economics and Decision Science-PRICELESS SA, School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mary Barker
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- MRC Lifecourse Epidemiology Centre, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Nicola Joan Christofides
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Lopes T, Zemlin AE, Hill J, Mchiza ZJ, Peer N, Erasmus RT, Kengne AP. Consumption of Plant Foods and Its Association with Cardiovascular Disease Risk Profile in South Africans at High-Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:13264. [PMID: 36293842 PMCID: PMC9603168 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192013264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We assessed the distribution and association of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors by plant foods consumption in individuals at high-risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus. This cross-sectional study utilized baseline data of 693 participants in the South African Diabetes Prevention Programme. Participants underwent a physical examination, biochemical analysis, and dietary assessment using a single non-quantified 24-h recall. Group comparisons were conducted to explore the distribution and associations of common CVD risk factors by plant foods consumption. The mean age of the participants was 51 years, with 81% being females. Consumers of yellow-coloured vitamin A-rich vegetables and tubers and maize had significantly lower systolic blood pressure, fasting insulin, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and fibrinogen levels. Cereals consumption increased the likelihood of obesity (OR = 1.72 95% CI [1.09, 2.70] p = 0.019) while the consumption of white roots and tubers decreased the likelihood of obesity (AOR = 0.64 95% CI [0.41, 1.00] p = 0.048). This study reported the consumption of some healthy plant foods with lower levels of, and decreased risk for, some CVD risk factors. A further in-depth investigation is needed to understand these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatum Lopes
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Annalise E. Zemlin
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- National Health Laboratory Service (NHLS), Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Jillian Hill
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Zandile J. Mchiza
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Nasheeta Peer
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
| | - Rajiv T. Erasmus
- Division of Chemical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
| | - Andre P. Kengne
- Non-Communicable Diseases Research Unit, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town 7505, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7925, South Africa
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Yiga P, Van Lippevelde W, Seghers J, Ogwok P, Tafiire H, Muluuta SN, Matthys C. The conceptual framework for a combined food literacy and physical activity intervention to optimize metabolic health among women of reproductive age in urban Uganda. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:351. [PMID: 35183134 PMCID: PMC8856934 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12740-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic health of urban Ugandans, mostly women, has increasingly become sub-optimal. As women are strategic for family behavioral change and do not meet WHO recommendations regarding dietary and physical activity (PA), there is an urgent need for science-based interventions to tackle unhealthy dietary and PA behaviors. OBJECTIVE To develop a food literacy and PA promotion intervention to optimise metabolic health among women of reproductive age in urban Uganda. METHODOLOGY Steps 1- 6 of the Intervention Mapping protocol were used to design the intervention. RESULTS Notable determinants from Step 1 were health/beauty paradox, nonfactual nutrition information, socio-cultural misconceptions around moderate PA, fruits, and vegetables. Others included gaps in food/PA knowledge, skills, and self-efficacy. We hypothesised that changing the overall existing behaviours in one intervention may meet strong resistance. Thus, we decided to go for gradual stepwise changes. Hence in step 2, three behavioural intervention objectives were formulated; (1) women evaluate the accuracy of nutrition and PA information., (2) engage in moderate intensity PA for at least 150 min a week, and (3) consume at least one portion of vegetables and one portion of fruit every day. Based on the food literacy model, intervention objectives were formulated into performance objectives and matrices of change objectives. In step 3 a combination of eleven behavioural change techniques were selected and translated into practical strategies to effect changes in determinants. In step 4, intervention components and materials were developed. The intervention consists of five interactive group sessions, 150 min each. Infographics on benefits/recommendations, vegetable recipes, and practical tips to eat more fruits, vegetables, and to engage more in PA are included. Personalised goals and action plans tailored to personal metabolic health and lifestyle needs, and environmental opportunities form the basis of the intervention. A randomized controlled trial is being conducted to evaluate the intervention ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04635332 ). CONCLUSIONS The intervention is novel, based on a holistic food literacy model. The intervention is built on determinants specific to urban Uganda, evidence based behavioural change theoretical models and techniques, detailing the hypothesised behavioural change mechanism. If effective, an evidence-based intervention will become available for reference in urban Uganda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Yiga
- Department of Food Technology, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda.
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Wendy Van Lippevelde
- Department of Marketing, Innovation and Organization, Ghent University, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jan Seghers
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Ogwok
- Department of Food Technology, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Henry Tafiire
- Department of Food Technology, Kyambogo University, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Christophe Matthys
- Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Blanco-Gutiérrez I, Varela-Ortega C, Manners R. Evaluating Animal-Based Foods and Plant-Based Alternatives Using Multi-Criteria and SWOT Analyses. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:E7969. [PMID: 33138318 PMCID: PMC7662315 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Global diets have transitioned in recent decades with animal and processed products increasing. Promoting a reversal in these trends towards plant-based diets could reduce the environmental impacts of food systems and reduce the prevalence of non-communicable diseases and malnutrition. In Spain, a reference point for the Mediterranean diet (predominantly plant-source based), plant-based alternatives to traditional animal-based products are receiving increased attention. However, limited focus has been given to the opinions of stakeholder groups on the potential of these novel products. We evaluate the opinions of stakeholders within the Spanish agri-food sector, using multicriteria and SWOT analyses, on traditional and novel food products. Stakeholders involved in the supply chain of food products (producers, processors, and distributors) were critical of novel plant-based foods, highlighting problems with their taste, processing technology, and high prices. These results contrast with the perspectives of policymakers, researchers, environmental NGOs, and consumers who see novel products more positively - healthier, more sustainable, and highly profitable. These results illustrate the more traditional mindset seen in Spanish production systems, contrasting with the rapidly shifting tastes and demands of consumers and the potential legislative orientation of policymakers. This study calls for improved understanding and collaboration between stakeholders to better manage complex choices that affect the future of food systems during their needed transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Blanco-Gutiérrez
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Statistics and Business Management, ETSIAAB, Campus Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Av. Puerta de Hierro 2-4, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- CEIGRAM, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Senda del Rey 13, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Consuelo Varela-Ortega
- Department of Agricultural Economics, Statistics and Business Management, ETSIAAB, Campus Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Av. Puerta de Hierro 2-4, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- CEIGRAM, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM), Senda del Rey 13, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rhys Manners
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), KG 563 Kigali, Rwanda;
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Determinants of dietary and physical activity behaviours among women of reproductive age in urban Uganda, a qualitative study. Public Health Nutr 2020; 24:3624-3636. [PMID: 33000718 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980020003432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore determinants of dietary and physical activity behaviours among women of reproductive age. DESIGN Data were collected through focus group discussions (FGD). The FGD guide was based on a modified theoretical framework; theory of planned behaviour was incorporated with constructs of health belief model, precaution adoption process model, social cognitive and social support theory. Discussions were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. SETTING Kampala, Uganda. PARTICIPANTS Women were categorised into young adults; 18-34 years and adults; 35-45 years. RESULTS Separate FGD with independent participants were conducted for dietary and physical activity behaviours until data saturation was achieved. Six FGD were conducted per behaviour. Determinants of dietary behaviours at intra-individual level included gaps in food skills, knowledge and self-efficacy, food safety concerns, convenience, finances and physiological satisfaction. The social-cultural norms were relationship between vegetable consumption and low social status, consideration of fruits as a snack for children and not food and habitual orientation towards carbohydrate foods. At environment level, social networks and increased availability of energy-dense, nutrient poor, street and processed foods influence dietary behaviour. For physical activity, intra-individual determinants were knowledge gaps and self-efficacy, while socio-cultural norms included gender stereotypes. Home (limited space and sedentary entertainment like social media and TV) and physical environment (cheap motorised transportation) influence physical activity. CONCLUSION The existing cultural beliefs promote dietary and physical activity behaviours which are divergent from healthy recommendations. Therefore, a comprehensive intervention is needed to address socio-cultural misconceptions, financial and time limitations in urban Uganda.
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Green MA, Pradeilles R, Laar A, Osei-Kwasi H, Bricas N, Coleman N, Klomegah S, Wanjohi MN, Tandoh A, Akparibo R, Aryeetey RNO, Griffiths P, Kimani-Murage EW, Mensah K, Muthuri S, Zotor F, Holdsworth M. Investigating foods and beverages sold and advertised in deprived urban neighbourhoods in Ghana and Kenya: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e035680. [PMID: 32595155 PMCID: PMC7322322 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-035680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to characterise the local foods and beverages sold and advertised in three deprived urban African neighbourhoods. DESIGN Cross-sectional observational study. We undertook an audit of all food outlets (outlet type and food sold) and food advertisements. Descriptive statistics were used to summarise exposures. Latent class analysis was used to explore the interactions between food advertisements, food outlet types and food type availability. SETTING Three deprived neighbourhoods in African cities: Jamestown in Accra, Ho Dome in Ho (both Ghana) and Makadara in Nairobi (Kenya). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Types of foods and beverages sold and/or advertised. RESULTS Jamestown (80.5%) and Makadara (70.9%) were dominated by informal vendors. There was a wide diversity of foods, with high availability of healthy (eg, staples, vegetables) and unhealthy foods (eg, processed/fried foods, sugar-sweetened beverages). Almost half of all advertisements were for sugar-sweetened beverages (48.3%), with higher exposure to alcohol adverts compared with other items as well (28.5%). We identified five latent classes which demonstrated the clustering of healthier foods in informal outlets, and unhealthy foods in formal outlets. CONCLUSION Our study presents one of the most detailed geospatial exploration of the urban food environment in Africa. The high exposure of sugar-sweetened beverages and alcohol both available and advertised represent changing urban food environments. The concentration of unhealthy foods and beverages in formal outlets and advertisements of unhealthy products may offer important policy opportunities for regulation and action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Alan Green
- Department of Geography & Planning, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Rebecca Pradeilles
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Amos Laar
- Department of Population, Family & Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | | | - Nathaniel Coleman
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Senam Klomegah
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | - Milka Njeri Wanjohi
- Maternal and Child Wellbeing Unit, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Akua Tandoh
- Department of Population, Family and Reproductive Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Robert Akparibo
- School of Health and Related Research (ScHARR), The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Paula Griffiths
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | | | - Kobby Mensah
- Business School, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | | | - Francis Zotor
- Department of Family and Community Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | - Michelle Holdsworth
- NUTRIPASS Unit, French Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD), Montpellier, France
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Abstract
The aim of the present research is to provide a comprehensive review about the current challenges related to food security and hidden hunger. Issues are presented according to major factors, such as growing population, changing dietary habits, water efficiency, climate change and volatile food prices. These factors were compiled from reports of major international organizations and from relevant scientific articles on the subject. Collecting the results and presenting them in an accessible manner may provide new insight for interested parties. Accessibility of data is extremely important, since food security and its drivers form a closely interconnected but extremely complex network, which requires coordinated problem solving to resolve issues. According to the results, the demand for growing agricultural products has been partly met by increasing cultivated land in recent decades. At the same time, there is serious competition for existing agricultural areas, which further limits the extension of agricultural land in addition to the natural constraints of land availability. Agricultural production needs to expand faster than population growth without further damage to the environment. The driving force behind development is sustainable intensive farming, which means the more effective utilization of agricultural land and water resources. Current global trends in food consumption are unsustainable, analyzed in terms of either public health, environmental impacts or socio-economic costs. The growing population should strive for sustainable food consumption, as social, environmental and health impacts are very important in this respect as well. To this end, the benefits of consuming foods that are less harmful to the environment during production are also to be emphasized in the scope of consumption policy and education related to nutrition as opposed to other food types, the production of which causes a major demand for raw materials.
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Abstract
Africa is currently experiencing rapid urbanisation impacting on people's food environments and dietary habits. Such changes are associated with higher prevalence of obesity coexisting with undernutrition. The present paper provides an overview of the healthiness of African urban food environments. We discuss the ways that food environments can be characterised and summarise the methods that can be used to investigate and intervene in the food environment. Data for Africa over a 50-year period (1961–2013) suggest an increasing availability of energy, animal products, fruit and vegetables, vegetable oils, sugar and sweeteners but a decrease in animal fats. There is a lack of evidence about how social, physical and macro-environments drive dietary habits in urban Africa, as most research has focused on the individual level. Examining how food consumption is embedded in everyday life, by investigating social environments is crucial to developing effective interventions. The informal food sector plays an important role in the retail food environment. Macro-level food price changes are an important factor influencing nutritional quality of African diets. The rapid expansion of food/beverages advertising in Africa threatens traditional food habits. Liberalisation of food trade is already impacting on the nutritional quality of food available. Improving African food environments represents a pressing public health concern and has the potential to prevent all forms of malnutrition. Hence, by conducting research into the role of urban social, physical and macro-environments, emerging interventions and policies are likely to positively impact on nutritional status, thereby enhancing social and economic development.
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Greffeuille V, Kameli Y, Chamnan C, Chea M, Daream S, Winichagoon P, Butryee C, Le BM, Lua TT, Muslimatum S, Roshita A, Kounnavong S, Wieringa FT, Berger J. Multi-criteria Mapping of Stakeholders’ Viewpoints in Five Southeast Asian Countries on Strategies to Reduce Micronutrient Deficiencies Among Children and Women of Reproductive Age: Findings from the SMILING Project. Matern Child Health J 2018; 23:67-78. [DOI: 10.1007/s10995-018-2636-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Masters WA, Rosettie KL, Kranz S, Danaei G, Webb P, Mozaffarian D. Designing programs to improve diets for maternal and child health: estimating costs and potential dietary impacts of nutrition-sensitive programs in Ethiopia, Nigeria, and India. Health Policy Plan 2018. [PMID: 29522103 PMCID: PMC5894071 DOI: 10.1093/heapol/czy013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Improving maternal and child nutrition in resource-poor settings requires effective use of limited resources, but priority-setting is constrained by limited information about program costs and impacts, especially for interventions designed to improve diet quality. This study utilized a mixed methods approach to identify, describe and estimate the potential costs and impacts on child dietary intake of 12 nutrition-sensitive programs in Ethiopia, Nigeria and India. These potential interventions included conditional livestock and cash transfers, media and education, complementary food processing and sales, household production and food pricing programs. Components and costs of each program were identified through a novel participatory process of expert regional consultation followed by validation and calibration from literature searches and comparison with actual budgets. Impacts on child diets were determined by estimating of the magnitude of economic mechanisms for dietary change, comprehensive reviews of evaluations and effectiveness for similar programs, and demographic data on each country. Across the 12 programs, total cost per child reached (net present value, purchasing power parity adjusted) ranged very widely: from 0.58 to 2650 USD/year among five programs in Ethiopia; 2.62 to 1919 USD/year among four programs in Nigeria; and 27 to 586 USD/year among three programs in India. When impacts were assessed, the largest dietary improvements were for iron and zinc intakes from a complementary food production program in Ethiopia (increases of 17.7 mg iron/child/day and 7.4 mg zinc/child/day), vitamin A intake from a household animal and horticulture production program in Nigeria (335 RAE/child/day), and animal protein intake from a complementary food processing program in Nigeria (20.0 g/child/day). These results add substantial value to the limited literature on the costs and dietary impacts of nutrition-sensitive interventions targeting children in resource-limited settings, informing policy discussions and serving as critical inputs to future cost-effectiveness analyses focusing on disease outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Masters
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Katherine L Rosettie
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Sarah Kranz
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Goodarz Danaei
- Department of Global Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, 677 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Patrick Webb
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, 150 Harrison Ave, Boston, MA 02111, USA
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Weißhuhn P, Helming K, Ferretti J. Research impact assessment in agriculture—A review of approaches and impact areas. RESEARCH EVALUATION 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/reseval/rvx034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Masters WA, Rosettie K, Kranz S, Pedersen SH, Webb P, Danaei G, Mozaffarian D. Priority interventions to improve maternal and child diets in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. MATERNAL AND CHILD NUTRITION 2017; 14:e12526. [PMID: 28971572 PMCID: PMC5901374 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.12526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Nutrition‐sensitive interventions to improve overall diet quality are increasingly needed to improve maternal and child health. This study demonstrates feasibility of a structured process to leverage local expertise in formulating programmes tailored for current circumstances in South Asia and Africa. We assembled 41 stakeholders in 2 regional workshops and followed a prespecified protocol to elicit programme designs listing the human and other resources required, the intervention's mechanism for impact on diets, target foods and nutrients, target populations, and contact information for partners needed to implement the desired programme. Via this protocol, participants described 48 distinct interventions, which we then compared against international recommendations and global goals. Local stakeholders' priorities focused on postharvest food systems to improve access to nutrient‐dense products (75% of the 48 programmes) and on production of animal sourced foods (58%), as well as education and social marketing (23%) and direct transfers to meet food needs (12.5%). Each programme included an average of 3.2 distinct elements aligned with those recommended by United Nations system agencies in the Framework for Action produced by the Second International Conference on Nutrition in 2014 and the Compendium of Actions for Nutrition developed for the Renewed Efforts Against Child Hunger initiative in 2016. Our results demonstrate that a participatory process can help local experts identify their own priorities for future investments, as a first step in a novel process of rigorous, transparent, and independent priority setting to improve diets among those at greatest risk of undernutrition.
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Affiliation(s)
- William A Masters
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Katherine Rosettie
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah Kranz
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah H Pedersen
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Patrick Webb
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Goodarz Danaei
- T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, USA
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Evaluation of a Nutritional Support Intervention in Malnourished HIV-Infected Children in Bamako, Mali. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2017. [PMID: 28639991 DOI: 10.1097/qai.0000000000001484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We assessed a nutritional support intervention in malnourished HIV-infected children in a HIV-care program of the University Hospital Gabriel Touré, Bamako, Mali. METHODS All HIV-infected children younger than 15 years were diagnosed for malnutrition between 07 and 12, 2014. Malnutrition was defined according to the WHO growth standards with Z-scores. Two types were studied: acute malnutrition (AM) and chronic malnutrition (CM). All participants were enrolled in a 6-month prospective interventional cohort, receiving Ready-To-Use Therapeutic Food, according to type of malnutrition. The nutritional intervention was offered until child growth reached -1.5 SD threshold. Six-month probability to catch up growth (>-2 SD) was assessed for AM using Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox model. RESULTS Among the 348 children screened, 198 (57%) were malnourished of whom 158 (80%) children were included: 97 (61%) for AM (35 with associated CM) and 61 (39%) with CM. Fifty-nine percent were boys, 97% were on antiretroviral therapy, median age was 9.5 years (Interquartile Range: 6.7-12.3). Among children with AM, 74% catch-up their growth at 6-month; probability to catch-up growth was greater for those without associated CM (adjusted Hazard Ratio = 1.97, CI 95%: 1.13 to 3.44). Anemia decreased significantly from 40% to 12% at the end of intervention (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS This macronutrient intervention showed 6-month benefits for weight gain and reduced anemia among these children mainly on antiretroviral therapy for years and aged greater than 5 years at inclusion. Associated CM slows down AM recovery and needs longer support. Integration of nutritional screening and care in the pediatric HIV-care package is needed to optimize growth and prevent metabolic disorders.
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Abstract
Although substantial amount of nutrition research is conducted in Africa, the research agenda is mainly donor-driven. There is a clear need for a revised research agenda in Africa which is both driven by and responding to local priorities. The present paper summarises proceedings of a symposium on how evidence can guide decision makers towards context-appropriate priorities and decisions in nutrition. The paper focuses on lessons learnt from case studies by the Evidence Informed Decision Making in Nutrition and Health Network implemented between 2015 and 2016 in Benin, Ghana and South Africa. Activities within these countries were organised around problem-oriented evidence-informed decision-making (EIDM), capacity strengthening and leadership and horizontal collaboration. Using a combination of desk-reviews, stakeholder influence-mapping, semi-structured interviews and convening platforms, these country-level studies demonstrated strong interest for partnership between researchers and decision makers, and use of research evidence for prioritisation and decision making in nutrition. Identified capacity gaps were addressed through training workshops on EIDM, systematic reviews, cost-benefit evaluations and evidence contextualisation. Investing in knowledge partnerships and development of capacity and leadership are key to drive appropriate use of evidence in nutrition policy and programming in Africa.
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Horton P, Banwart SA, Brockington D, Brown GW, Bruce R, Cameron D, Holdsworth M, Lenny Koh SC, Ton J, Jackson P. An agenda for integrated system-wide interdisciplinary agri-food research. Food Secur 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12571-017-0648-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Nhamposse CT, Favaron PO, Miglino MA, Liberti EA. Morphoquantitative effects on striated skeletal muscle of Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) subjected to a diet utilized in young children from rural Mozambique. TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH IN ANATOMY 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tria.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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17
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Lubogo D, Orach CG. Stakeholder perceptions of research options to improve nutritional status in Uganda. BMC Nutr 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s40795-016-0067-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Jesson J, Leroy V. Challenges of malnutrition care among HIV-infected children on antiretroviral treatment in Africa. Med Mal Infect 2015; 45:149-56. [PMID: 25861689 DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2015.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 01/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
More than 90% of the estimated 3.2 million children with HIV worldwide, at the end of 2013, were living in sub-Saharan Africa. The management of these children was still difficult in 2014 despite the progress in access to antiretroviral drugs. A great number of HIV-infected children are not diagnosed at 6 weeks and start antiretroviral treatment late, at an advanced stage of HIV disease complicated by other comorbidities such as malnutrition. Malnutrition is a major problem in the sub-Saharan Africa global population; it is an additional burden for HIV-infected children because they do not respond as well as non-infected children to the usual nutritional care. HIV infection and malnutrition interact, creating a vicious circle. It is important to understand the relationship between these 2 conditions and the effect of antiretroviral treatment on this circle to taking them into account for an optimal management of pediatric HIV. An improved monitoring of growth during follow-up and the introduction of a nutritional support among HIV-infected children, especially at antiretroviral treatment initiation, are important factors that could improve response to antiretroviral treatment and optimize the management of pediatric HIV in resource-limited countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jesson
- Inserm, centre de recherche U897, épidémiologie et biostatistiques, institut de santé publique, d'épidémiologie et de développement (ISPED), université de Bordeaux - CS61292, 146, rue Léo-Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France.
| | - V Leroy
- Inserm, centre de recherche U897, épidémiologie et biostatistiques, institut de santé publique, d'épidémiologie et de développement (ISPED), université de Bordeaux - CS61292, 146, rue Léo-Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux cedex, France
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