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Cheng W, Xu Y, Jiang H, Li J, Hou Z, Meng H, Wang W, Chai C, Jiang J. SARS-CoV-2 Infection, Hospitalization, and Associated Factors Among People Living With HIV in Southeastern China From December 2022 to February 2023: Cross-Sectional Survey. JMIR Public Health Surveill 2024; 10:e51449. [PMID: 38630534 PMCID: PMC11025603 DOI: 10.2196/51449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Limited studies have explored the impact of the Omicron variant on SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization, and associated factors among people living with HIV, particularly in China. The adjustment of preventive policies since December 2022 in China presents an opportunity to evaluate the real-world factors influencing SARS-CoV-2 infection and related hospitalization among people living with HIV. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate SARS-CoV-2 infection, hospitalization rates, and associated factors among people living with HIV following the adjustment of preventive policies from December 2022 to February 2023 in southeastern China. METHODS A cross-sectional telephone or web-based survey was conducted among people living with HIV in 5 cities in southeastern China from December 2022 to February 2023. Demographic information, SARS-CoV-2 infection and related hospitalization, and HIV-specific characteristics were collected from existing databases and special investigations. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to determine the associated factors for infection and hospitalization rates of SARS-CoV-2. Additionally, subgroup analyses were conducted for the association between vaccination and infection across different vaccination statuses and time since the last vaccination. RESULTS Among people living with HIV with a COVID-19 testing history, the SARS-CoV-2 infection rate was 67.13% (95% CI 65.81%-68.13%), whereas the hospitalization rate was 0.71% (95% CI 0.46%-0.97%). Factors such as age, latest CD4 cell count, latest HIV viral load, and transmission route were found to be associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, while age, cancer, latest CD4 cell count, and latest HIV viral load were associated with SARS-CoV-2 hospitalization. In terms of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, compared to unvaccinated people living with HIV, there was a lower infection rate among those who had been vaccinated for <3 months in the booster vaccination group (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.72, 95% CI 0.53-0.98; P=.04); and there was also a lower risk of hospitalization among people living with HIV who had received vaccination in the past 6-12 months (aOR 0.33, 95% CI 0.14-0.81; P=.02) and more than 12 months ago (aOR 0.22, 95% CI 0.07-0.72; P=.01). CONCLUSIONS After the ease of prevention and control measures in China, we observed a high SARS-CoV-2 infection rate but a low hospitalization rate. General risk factors, such as higher age and vaccination status, and HIV-related parameters, such as the latest CD4 cell count and HIV viral load, were associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalization. A booster vaccination campaign for booster doses should be considered among people living with HIV in confronting possible COVID-19 epidemic emergencies in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cheng
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haibo Jiang
- Ningbo Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China
| | - Jun Li
- Wenzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhigang Hou
- Jiaxing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jiaxing, China
| | - Haibin Meng
- Shaoxing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shaoxing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, China
| | - Chengliang Chai
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianmin Jiang
- Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, China
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de Jesus Salgado V, de Abreu Oliveira CMP, da Silva ÁMB, de Brito HIL, de Medeiros DS, Soares F, Magno L, Dourado I, Campos GB, Marques LM. Prevalence of Mollicutes among men who have sex with men and transgender women aged 15 to 19 years in Salvador, North-eastern Brazil. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:244. [PMID: 37072756 PMCID: PMC10114492 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08213-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Some species of Mollicutes have been associated with different pathologies of the urogenital tract in humans, with a high prevalence among adult men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW). However, few studies have been performed to investigate its prevalence among adolescents. In this study, we estimated the initial prevalence of Mycoplasma genitalium (MG), Mycoplasma hominis (MH), Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU), and Ureaplasma parvum (UP); the rate of misdiagnosis at different anatomical sites; and the associated factors with positive tests for Mollicutes among MSM and TGW aged 15 to 19 years enrolled in the PrEP1519 study. METHODS PrEP-1519 is the first study to investigate the effectiveness of pre-exposure prophylaxis for human immunodeficiency virus among adolescent MSM and TGW aged 15 to 19 in Latin America. Oral, anal, and urethral swabs were taken from 246 adolescents upon enrolment in the study to detect MG, MH, UU, and UP by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Bivariate and multivariate analyses were conducted by Poisson regression and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated. RESULTS The prevalence of Mollicutes was 32.1%. UU was the most prevalent species (20.7%), followed by MH (13.4%), MG (5.7%), and UP (3.2%); 67.3% of the positive samples would have been missed if only urethral samples had been taken. Receptive anal sex (prevalence ratio [PR] = 1.79; 95% CI = 1.07-3.01) and clinical suspicion of sexually transmitted infection (PR = 1.62; 95% CI = 1.01-2.61) were factors associated with the detection of Mollicutes in general. Group sex (PR = 1.98; 95% CI = 1.12-3.50) and receptive anal sex (PR = 2.36; 95% CI = 0.95-5.86) were associated with the detection of Mycoplasma spp. No sociodemographic, clinical, or behavioural variable was significantly associated with the detection of Ureaplasma spp. CONCLUSIONS A high prevalence of Mollicutes was observed among adolescent MSM and TGW, especially at extragenital sites. Further research is required to understand the epidemiological profile of high-risk adolescents in different regions and contexts, and to investigate the pathogenesis of Mollicutes in the oral and anal mucosa before routine screening can be recommended in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valdiele de Jesus Salgado
- State University of Santa Cruz, Rod. Jorge Amado, Km 16, Salobrinho, Ilhéus, Bahia, 45662-900, Brazil
| | | | - Ágatha Morgana Bertoti da Silva
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Hormindo Barros, 58, Candeias, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, 45029-094, Brazil
| | - Henrique Inácio Lima de Brito
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Hormindo Barros, 58, Candeias, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, 45029-094, Brazil
| | - Danielle Souto de Medeiros
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Hormindo Barros, 58, Candeias, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, 45029-094, Brazil
| | - Fabiane Soares
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, S/nº, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-110, Brazil
| | - Laio Magno
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, S/nº, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-110, Brazil
- Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia, Rua Silveira Martins, 2555, Salvador, Bahia, 41000-150, Brazil
| | - Inês Dourado
- Institute of Collective Health, Federal University of Bahia, Av. Adhemar de Barros, S/nº, Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, 40170-110, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Barreto Campos
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Hormindo Barros, 58, Candeias, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, 45029-094, Brazil
| | - Lucas Miranda Marques
- State University of Santa Cruz, Rod. Jorge Amado, Km 16, Salobrinho, Ilhéus, Bahia, 45662-900, Brazil.
- Multidisciplinary Health Institute, Federal University of Bahia, Rua Hormindo Barros, 58, Candeias, Vitória da Conquista, Bahia, 45029-094, Brazil.
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Chen S, Yang Q, He J, Fan X, Liu Z, Qiu J, Zheng Z, Gu J, Cheng W, Hao Y, Li J, Hao C. The effects of intimate relationship characteristics on unprotected anal intercourse among same-sex male couples in China: a dyadic analysis using the actor-partner interdependence model. BMC Infect Dis 2021; 21:593. [PMID: 34157968 PMCID: PMC8218385 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-021-06317-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) within the context of concurrent sexual relationship are prevalent among men who have sex with men (MSM) who have regular male sex partners and it aggravates the risk of HIV infection among this community. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of intimate relationship characteristics on UAI among MSM couples at the dyadic level. METHODS Two hundred four MSM couples were recruited from a HIV testing clinic from April 2017 to April 2018 in Guangzhou, China. The actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) was applied for dyadic analysis. Each MSM couple was divided into the insertive role and the receptive role according to their regular anal sex role. In this context, actor effect is the impact of an MSM's intimate relationship characteristics on his own UAI, and partner effect is the impact of his partner's intimate relationship characteristics on his UAI. RESULTS Of the 408 participants, 58.82% had UAI with regular male sex partner (UAI-RP) and 8.09% had concurrent UAI. Intimate relationship characteristics were associated with concurrent UAI, but not associated with UAI-RP. For the receptive role, his relationship investment exerted significant actor and partner effects on concurrent UAI (AOR actor = 1.31, P < 0.001; AOR partner = 1.17, P < 0.001). Meanwhile, receptive role's violence experience within relationship exerted significant actor effects on his own concurrent UAI (AOR actor = 6.43, P = 0.044). CONCLUSIONS Relationship investment and violence experience influenced concurrent UAI among MSM couples and it varied in different sex roles. Additional assistance on empowerment, relationship therapy and sexual agreement is urgently needed to reduce their high possibility on engagement of HIV-related risk behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Chen
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Qingling Yang
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Juan He
- Institution of Drug Clinical Trial, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiongzhi Fan
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhongqi Liu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jialing Qiu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Zhiwei Zheng
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jing Gu
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, School of Public Health & Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Health Information Research Center & Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Weibin Cheng
- Institute for Healthcare Artificial Intelligence Application, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, 510317, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuantao Hao
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, School of Public Health & Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
- Health Information Research Center & Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Jinghua Li
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, School of Public Health & Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Health Information Research Center & Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
| | - Chun Hao
- Department of Medical Statistics, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Sun Yat-sen Global Health Institute, School of Public Health & Institute of State Governance, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
- Health Information Research Center & Guangdong Key Laboratory of Medicine, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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Nguyen PT, Gilmour S, Le PM, Nguyen TT, Tanuma J, Nguyen HV. Factors associated with high-risk behaviors of people newly diagnosed with HIV/AIDS: results from a cross-sectional study in Vietnam. AIDS Care 2020; 33:607-615. [PMID: 32397740 DOI: 10.1080/09540121.2020.1761519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Towards the elimination of this global epidemic, understanding the high-risk behaviors of people newly diagnosed with HIV/AIDS (PNDWH) is essential. This study aimed to describe the general characteristics and high-risk behaviors of PNDWH and identify associated factors for adopting high-risk behaviors. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Vietnam to explore the high-risk behaviors of 506 PNDWH. Associated factors were identified using multivariable logistic regressions. 83.2% of participants had sex without using a condom, and 27.9% had more than two sex partners. Among injected drug users, 44% had shared needles with an average number of 2.1 shared partners. Male, Kinh ethnicity (Vietnamese), high income, and high educational level were risk factors for high-risk behaviors. Our findings revealed the first time a comprehensive picture of PNDWH and emphasized the high prevalence of STIs, including untreated STIs and the long delay since the early HIV diagnosis. Also, our model found much higher risk behaviors among participants who were non-adherent to ART and those currently enrolled in ART. By better managing newly-diagnosed cases, better integrating STI management services and prevention consultants, as well as improving ART adherence programs, Vietnam can make better progress towards the complete control of HIV for its most vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong The Nguyen
- Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Stuart Gilmour
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Phuong Mai Le
- Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Trung Tri Nguyen
- Monitoring and Evaluation Department, Center for Community Health Research and Development, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Junko Tanuma
- AIDS Clinical Center, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Huy Van Nguyen
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke's International University, Tokyo, Japan
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High Prevalence of Concurrent Male-Male Partnerships in the Context of Low Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Bamako, Mali. Sex Transm Dis 2018; 44:565-570. [PMID: 28809774 DOI: 10.1097/olq.0000000000000655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concurrent male-male sexual partnerships have been understudied in sub-Saharan Africa and are especially important because human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) prevalence and acquisition probability are higher among men who have sex with men (MSM) than among heterosexual men and women. METHODS We conducted a respondent-driven sampling survey of 552 men who have sex with men in Bamako, Mali from October 2014 to February 2015. Eligibility criteria included 18 years or older, history of oral or anal sex with another man in the last 6 months, residence in or around Bamako in the last 6 months, ability to communicate in French. RESULTS HIV prevalence was 13.7%, with 86.7% of MSM with HIV unaware of their infection. Concurrent male-male sexual partnerships were common, with 60.6% of MSM having a concurrent male sexual partnerships or believing their sex partner did in the last 6 months, and 27.3% having a concurrent male sexual partnerships and believing their sex partner did in the last 6 months. Over half (52.5%) of MSM had sex with women, and 30.8% had concurrent male partnerships and sex with a woman in the last 6 months. Concurrency was more likely among MSM with limited education, telling only MSM of same-sex behaviors, high social cohesion, and not knowing anyone with HIV. CONCLUSIONS The high proportion of HIV-infected MSM in Bamako who are unaware of their HIV infection and the high prevalence of concurrent partnerships could further the spread of HIV in Bamako. Increasing testing through peer educators conducting mobile testing could improve awareness of HIV status and limit the spread of HIV in concurrent partnerships.
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Vu NTT, Holt M, Phan HTT, La LT, Tran GM, Doan TT, de Wit J. The Prevalence and Correlates of HIV and Undiagnosed Infection among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Hanoi, Vietnam: Findings from a Cross-sectional, Biobehavioral Study. Front Public Health 2016; 4:275. [PMID: 28066754 PMCID: PMC5165257 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2016.00275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Men who have sex with men (MSM) are a key population for HIV infection in Vietnam, and the use of amphetamine type substances (ATS) is prevalent and possibly increasing in this population. The reported analysis examines the association between ATS use before or during sex and HIV infection among MSM in Hanoi, Vietnam. METHODS This cross-sectional study of 210 MSM was conducted in Hanoi, Vietnam, in late 2014. Men tested for HIV and answered questions about demographic characteristics, sexual sensation seeking, depression, belief in HIV prevention strategies, homosexuality-related stigma and discrimination, recent accessing of HIV prevention services, sexual behaviors and ATS, and other drug use behaviors. We performed logistic regression to assess correlates of HIV infection. RESULTS HIV prevalence was 6.7% (14/210), and 85.7% (12/14) of HIV-positive men were not aware of their HIV status. Of the 210 participants, 10.5, 2.9, and 3.8% of men had used methamphetamine, amphetamine, and ecstasy before or during sex in the last 3 months. In multivariable analysis, HIV infection was associated with recent sex-related methamphetamine use [adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 5.03, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.35-18.68], engaging in recent sex work (AOR: 3.55, 95% CI: 1.07-11.75), and homosexuality-related perceived stigma (AOR: 2.32, 95% CI: 0.98-5.47). CONCLUSION Findings underscore the importance of integrating methamphetamine use interventions into HIV prevention services and scaling-up of gay-friendly, non-stigmatizing HIV testing services for MSM in Hanoi. We recommend the routine assessment of ATS use and undiagnosed infection in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nga Thi Thu Vu
- Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Institute of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Martin Holt
- Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Australia , Sydney, NSW , Australia
| | - Huong Thi Thu Phan
- Vietnam Administration for HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control, Ministry of Health , Hanoi , Vietnam
| | - Lan Thi La
- Hanoi Centre of HIV/AIDS Prevention and Control , Hanoi , Vietnam
| | | | | | - John de Wit
- Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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