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Zhu W, Wu C, Liu Z, Zhao S, Cheng X, Huang J. SULF1 regulates malignant progression of colorectal cancer by modulating ARSH via FAK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:201. [PMID: 38844922 PMCID: PMC11157809 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03383-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) has the third highest incidence and second mortality rate of malignant tumors globally, highlighting the urgency to explore the mechanisms underlying CRC progression for refined treatment of this patient population. METHODS R Studio was used for data sorting and analysis. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle detection were performed by flow cytometry. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to explore mRNA expression levels. Western blotting was used to explore protein expression levels. CCK8, EdU, and colony formation assays were performed to explore the proliferation capacity of CRC cells. Transwell invasion and migration assays, along with the wound healing assay, were used to explore the invasive and migratory abilities of CRC cells. Subcutaneous Xenograft Assay was utilized to evaluate the tumorigenic capacity of CRC cells in vivo. RESULTS SULF1 was highly expressed in CRC samples and cell lines. The knockdown of SULF1 inhibited the proliferation, invasion, and migration of CRC and increased the rate of cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, we demonstrated that SULF1 could negatively regulate ARSH through the FAK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that SULF1 could promote CRC progression by regulating ARSH. The SULF1/ARSH/FAK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway represents a promising target for the treatment of this patient population. Colorectal cancer (CRC) has the third highest incidence and second mortality rate of malignant tumors globally. Sulfatase 1 (SULF1) belongs to the sulfatase family, The function of SULF1 in CRC remains elusive. Our study demonstrated that the knockdown of SULF1 could inhibit the proliferation, invasion, and migration of CRC. Meanwhile, our findings indicated that SULF1 could interact with Arylsulfatase Family Member H (ARSH) to regulate the proliferation, invasion, and migration of CRC via the FAK/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Taken together, our findings suggest that SULF1 might be a new therapeutic target in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Zhu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Changlei Wu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Zitao Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Shimin Zhao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Xiufeng Cheng
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.
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Martelli F, Lin J, Mele S, Imlach W, Kanca O, Barlow CK, Paril J, Schittenhelm RB, Christodoulou J, Bellen HJ, Piper MDW, Johnson TK. Identifying potential dietary treatments for inherited metabolic disorders using Drosophila nutrigenomics. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113861. [PMID: 38416643 PMCID: PMC11037929 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Inherited metabolic disorders are a group of genetic conditions that can cause severe neurological impairment and child mortality. Uniquely, these disorders respond to dietary treatment; however, this option remains largely unexplored because of low disorder prevalence and the lack of a suitable paradigm for testing diets. Here, we screened 35 Drosophila amino acid disorder models for disease-diet interactions and found 26 with diet-altered development and/or survival. Using a targeted multi-nutrient array, we examine the interaction in a model of isolated sulfite oxidase deficiency, an infant-lethal disorder. We show that dietary cysteine depletion normalizes their metabolic profile and rescues development, neurophysiology, behavior, and lifelong fly survival, thus providing a basis for further study into the pathogenic mechanisms involved in this disorder. Our work highlights the diet-sensitive nature of metabolic disorders and establishes Drosophila as a valuable tool for nutrigenomic studies for informing potential dietary therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Martelli
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jiayi Lin
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Sarah Mele
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Wendy Imlach
- Department of Physiology, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Oguz Kanca
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics and Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Christopher K Barlow
- Monash Proteomics & Metabolomics Facility, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute & Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Jefferson Paril
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Ralf B Schittenhelm
- Monash Proteomics & Metabolomics Facility, Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute & Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - John Christodoulou
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Hugo J Bellen
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics and Duncan Neurological Research Institute at Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Matthew D W Piper
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
| | - Travis K Johnson
- School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry and La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.
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Duffel MW, Lehmler HJ. Complex roles for sulfation in the toxicities of polychlorinated biphenyls. Crit Rev Toxicol 2024; 54:92-122. [PMID: 38363552 PMCID: PMC11067068 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2024.2311270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic toxicants derived from legacy pollution sources and their formation as inadvertent byproducts of some current manufacturing processes. Metabolism of PCBs is often a critical component in their toxicity, and relevant metabolic pathways usually include their initial oxidation to form hydroxylated polychlorinated biphenyls (OH-PCBs). Subsequent sulfation of OH-PCBs was originally thought to be primarily a means of detoxication; however, there is strong evidence that it may also contribute to toxicities associated with PCBs and OH-PCBs. These contributions include either the direct interaction of PCB sulfates with receptors or their serving as a localized precursor for OH-PCBs. The formation of PCB sulfates is catalyzed by cytosolic sulfotransferases, and, when transported into the serum, these metabolites may be retained, taken up by other tissues, and subjected to hydrolysis catalyzed by intracellular sulfatase(s) to regenerate OH-PCBs. Dynamic cycling between PCB sulfates and OH-PCBs may lead to further metabolic activation of the resulting OH-PCBs. Ultimate toxic endpoints of such processes may include endocrine disruption, neurotoxicities, and many others that are associated with exposures to PCBs and OH-PCBs. This review highlights the current understanding of the complex roles that PCB sulfates can have in the toxicities of PCBs and OH-PCBs and research on the varied mechanisms that control these roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W. Duffel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, United States
| | - Hans-Joachim Lehmler
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, College of Public Health, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, 52242, United States
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4
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Pinheiro I, Calo N, Paolini-Bertrand M, Hartley O. Arylsulfatases and neuraminidases modulate engagement of CCR5 by chemokines by removing key electrostatic interactions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:292. [PMID: 38167636 PMCID: PMC10762049 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50944-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The chemokine receptor CCR5 is known to exist in cell surface subpopulations that differ in their capacity to engage ligands. One proposed explanation for this phenomenon is the presence of CCR5 species with different levels of post-translational modifications (PTMs). Tyrosine sulfation and O-glycan sialylation are PTMs that add negative charges to the extracellular domain of CCR5 and make strong contributions to chemokine binding but it is not known whether cellular mechanisms to control their levels exist. In this study we used a combination of sulfation-sensitive and sulfation-insensitive CCR5 ligands to show that the rate of turnover of CCR5 tyrosine sulfation is more rapid than the rate of turnover of the receptor itself. This suggests that the steady state level of CCR5 sulfation is maintained through the combination of tyrosine protein sulfotransferase (TPST), the trans-Golgi network (TGN)-resident 'source enzyme, and a 'sink' activity that removes tyrosine sulfation from CCR5. By measuring the effects on ligand binding of knockdown and overexpression experiments, we provided evidence that non-lysosomal cellular arylsulfatases, particularly ARSG, ARSI and ARSJ, are CCR5 sulfation 'sink' enzymes. We also used targeted knockdown and sialylation-sensitive and insensitive chemokines to identify the sialidase NEU3 as a candidate 'sink' enzyme for CCR5 O-glycan sialylation. This study provides the first experimental evidence of activity of sulfatase and sialidase 'sink' enzymes on CCR5, providing a potential mechanism for cells to control steady-state levels of these PTMs and thereby exert dynamic control over receptor-ligand interactions at the cell surface and during receptor desensitization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Pinheiro
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Calo
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
- Orion Biotechnology, Campus Biotech Innovation Park, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Marianne Paolini-Bertrand
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Hartley
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
- Orion Biotechnology, Campus Biotech Innovation Park, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Thalén NB, Barzadd MM, Lundqvist M, Rodhe J, Andersson M, Bidkhori G, Possner D, Su C, Nilsson J, Eisenhut P, Malm M, Karlsson A, Vestin J, Forsberg J, Nordling E, Mardinoglu A, Volk AL, Sandegren A, Rockberg J. Tuning of CHO secretional machinery improve activity of secreted therapeutic sulfatase 150-fold. Metab Eng 2024; 81:157-166. [PMID: 38081506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Rare diseases are, despite their name, collectively common and millions of people are affected daily of conditions where treatment often is unavailable. Sulfatases are a large family of activating enzymes related to several of these diseases. Heritable genetic variations in sulfatases may lead to impaired activity and a reduced macromolecular breakdown within the lysosome, with several severe and lethal conditions as a consequence. While therapeutic options are scarce, treatment for some sulfatase deficiencies by recombinant enzyme replacement are available. The recombinant production of such sulfatases suffers greatly from both low product activity and yield, further limiting accessibility for patient groups. To mitigate the low product activity, we have investigated cellular properties through computational evaluation of cultures with varying media conditions and comparison of two CHO clones with different levels of one active sulfatase variant. Transcriptome analysis identified 18 genes in secretory pathways correlating with increased sulfatase production. Experimental validation by upregulation of a set of three key genes improved the specific enzymatic activity at varying degree up to 150-fold in another sulfatase variant, broadcasting general production benefits. We also identified a correlation between product mRNA levels and sulfatase activity that generated an increase in sulfatase activity when expressed with a weaker promoter. Furthermore, we suggest that our proposed workflow for resolving bottlenecks in cellular machineries, to be useful for improvements of cell factories for other biologics as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Berndt Thalén
- Dept. of Protein science, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Mona Moradi Barzadd
- Dept. of Protein science, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Magnus Lundqvist
- Dept. of Protein science, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | | | | | - Gholamreza Bidkhori
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, 171 65, Sweden; AIVIVO Ltd. Unit 25, Bio-innovation centre, Cambridge Science park, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Chao Su
- SOBI AB, Tomtebodavägen 23A, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Peter Eisenhut
- ACIB - Austrian Centre of Industrial Biotechnology, Krenngasse 37, 8010 Graz, Austria; BOKU - University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Department of Biotechnology, Vienna, 1190, Austria
| | - Magdalena Malm
- Dept. of Protein science, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | - Alice Karlsson
- Dept. of Protein science, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | | | | | | | - Adil Mardinoglu
- Science for Life Laboratory, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Solna, 171 65, Sweden
| | - Anna-Luisa Volk
- Dept. of Protein science, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden
| | | | - Johan Rockberg
- Dept. of Protein science, KTH - Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, SE-106 91, Sweden.
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Saberi-Karimian M, Houra M, Jamialahmadi T, Sarvghadi P, Nikbaf M, Akhlaghi S, Sahebkar A. The Effects of N-Acetyl-L-Leucine on the Improvement of Symptoms in a Patient with Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency. CEREBELLUM (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 22:1250-1256. [PMID: 36482027 PMCID: PMC9735006 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-022-01504-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency (MSD) is a rare autosomal recessive disease with specific clinical findings such as psychomotor retardation and neurological deterioration. No therapy is available for this genetic disorder. Previous studies have shown that N-acetyl-L-leucine (NALL) can improve the neurological inflammation in the cerebellum.In the current study, the effects of NALL on ataxia symptoms and quality of life were explored in a patient with MSD.This study was a crossover case study. The subject, a girl aged 12 years old, received NALL at a dose of 3 g/day (1 g in the morning, 1 g in the afternoon, and 1 g in the evening). A fasting blood sample was taken from the subject to evaluate side effects before the intervention and 4 weeks after taking supplement/placebo in every study stage. The ataxia moving symptoms were evaluated using the Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) score in every study stage. Dietary intake was measured using 24-h dietary recall before and after the intervention. The diet compositions were assessed by Nutritionist IV software. Serum IL-6 level was measured using an ELISA kit.There was no significant change in complete blood count (CBC) and serum biochemical factors in the patient with MSD after receiving NALL (3 g/day) over 4 weeks. The SARA score was reduced by 25%. The gait whose maximum score accounts for approximately one-fifth of the maximum total SARA score (8/40) was decreased. The heel-to-shin slide, the only SARA item performed without visual control, was also improved after therapy. Furthermore, there was a downward trend in the 8MWT (8.71 to 7.93 s). Regarding quality of life assessments, the parent and child reported improved quality of life index, physical health, and emotional function after taking NALL. Moreover, total energy intake was increased with NALL treatment through the study period.Supplementation with NALL at a dose of 3 g/day over 4 weeks was well tolerated and improved ataxia symptoms, quality of life measure, and serum IL-6 levels in the patient with MSD. Further proof-of-concept trials are warranted to confirm the present findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Saberi-Karimian
- International UNESCO Center for Health Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Endoscopic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahsa Houra
- Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tannaz Jamialahmadi
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Surgical Oncology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Mahlagha Nikbaf
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Akhlaghi
- Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Amirhosein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia.
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Nezamuldeen L, Jafri MS. Protein-Protein Interaction Network Extraction Using Text Mining Methods Adds Insight into Autism Spectrum Disorder. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1344. [PMID: 37887054 PMCID: PMC10604135 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Text mining methods are being developed to assimilate the volume of biomedical textual materials that are continually expanding. Understanding protein-protein interaction (PPI) deficits would assist in explaining the genesis of diseases. In this study, we designed an automated system to extract PPIs from the biomedical literature that uses a deep learning sentence classification model, a pretrained word embedding, and a BiLSTM recurrent neural network with additional layers, a conditional random field (CRF) named entity recognition (NER) model, and shortest-dependency path (SDP) model using the SpaCy library in Python. The automated system ensures that it targets sentences that contain PPIs and not just these proteins mentioned in the framework of disease discovery or other context. Our first model achieved 13% greater precision on the Aimed/BioInfr benchmark corpus than the previous state-of-the-art BiLSTM neural network models. The NER model presented in this study achieved 98% precision on the Aimed/BioInfr corpus over previous models. In order to facilitate the production of an accurate representation of the PPI network, the processes were developed to systematically map the protein interactions in the texts. Overall, evaluating our system through the use of 6027 abstracts pertaining to seven proteins associated with Autism Spectrum Disorder completed the manually curated PPI network for these proteins. When it comes to complicated diseases, these networks would assist in understanding how PPI deficits contribute to disease development while also emphasizing the influence of interactions on protein function and biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Nezamuldeen
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
- King Fahd Medical Research Centre, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohsin Saleet Jafri
- School of Systems Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
- Center for Biomedical Engineering and Technology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Hansen AW, Venkatachalam KV. Sulfur-Element containing metabolic pathways in human health and crosstalk with the microbiome. Biochem Biophys Rep 2023; 35:101529. [PMID: 37601447 PMCID: PMC10439400 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans, methionine derived from dietary proteins is necessary for cellular homeostasis and regeneration of sulfur containing pathways, which produce inorganic sulfur species (ISS) along with essential organic sulfur compounds (OSC). In recent years, inorganic sulfur species have gained attention as key players in the crosstalk of human health and the gut microbiome. Endogenously, ISS includes hydrogen sulfide (H2S), sulfite (SO32-), thiosulfate (S2O32-), and sulfate (SO42-), which are produced by enzymes in the transsulfuration and sulfur oxidation pathways. Additionally, sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in the gut lumen are notable H2S producers which can contribute to the ISS pools of the human host. In this review, we will focus on the systemic effects of sulfur in biological pathways, describe the contrasting mechanisms of sulfurylation versus phosphorylation on the hydroxyl of serine/threonine and tyrosine residues of proteins in post-translational modifications, and the role of the gut microbiome in human sulfur metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin W. Hansen
- College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL, 33328, USA
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Chen W, Amir MB, Liao Y, Yu H, He W, Lu Z. New Insights into the Plutella xylostella Detoxifying Enzymes: Sequence Evolution, Structural Similarity, Functional Diversity, and Application Prospects of Glucosinolate Sulfatases. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:10952-10969. [PMID: 37462091 PMCID: PMC10375594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Brassica plants have glucosinolate (GLs)-myrosinase defense mechanisms to deter herbivores. However, Plutella xylostella specifically feeds on Brassica vegetables. The larvae possess three glucosinolate sulfatases (PxGSS1-3) that compete with plant myrosinase for shared GLs substrates and produce nontoxic desulfo-GLs (deGLs). Although PxGSSs are considered potential targets for pest control, the lack of a comprehensive review has hindered the development of PxGSSs-targeted pest control methods. Recent advances in integrative multi-omics analysis, substrate-enzyme kinetics, and molecular biological techniques have elucidated the evolutionary origin and functional diversity of these three PxGSSs. This review summarizes research progress on PxGSSs over the past 20 years, covering sequence properties, evolution, protein modification, enzyme activity, structural variation, substrate specificity, and interaction scenarios based on functional diversity. Finally, we discussed the potential applications of PxGSSs-targeted pest control technologies driven by artificial intelligence, including CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene drive, transgenic plant-mediated RNAi, small-molecule inhibitors, and peptide inhibitors. These technologies have the potential to overcome current management challenges and promote the development and field application of PxGSSs-targeted pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal Amir
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yuan Liao
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Haizhong Yu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Weiyi He
- State Key Laboratory for Ecological Pest Control of Fujian and Taiwan Crops, International Joint Research Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zhanjun Lu
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Greenhouse Vegetable, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
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10
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Mashima R, Ohira M, Okuyama T, Onodera M, Takada S. A novel mucopolysaccharidosis type II mouse model with an iduronate-2-sulfatase-P88L mutation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7865. [PMID: 37188686 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34541-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type II (MPS II) is a lysosomal storage disorder characterized by an accumulation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), including heparan sulfate, in the body. Major manifestations involve the central nerve system (CNS), skeletal deformation, and visceral manifestations. About 30% of MPS II is linked with an attenuated type of disease subtype with visceral involvement. In contrast, 70% of MPS II is associated with a severe type of disease subtype with CNS manifestations that are caused by the human iduronate-2-sulfatase (IDS)-Pro86Leu (P86L) mutation, a common missense mutation in MPS II. In this study, we reported a novel Ids-P88L MPS II mouse model, an analogous mutation to human IDS-P86L. In this mouse model, a significant impairment of IDS enzyme activity in the blood with a short lifespan was observed. Consistently, the IDS enzyme activity of the body, as assessed in the liver, kidney, spleen, lung, and heart, was significantly impaired. Conversely, the level of GAG was elevated in the body. A putative biomarker with unestablished nature termed UA-HNAc(1S) (late retention time), one of two UA-HNAc(1S) species with late retention time on reversed-phase separation,is a recently reported MPS II-specific biomarker derived from heparan sulfate with uncharacterized mechanism. Thus, we asked whether this biomarker might be elevated in our mouse model. We found a significant accumulation of this biomarker in the liver, suggesting that hepatic formation could be predominant. Finally, to examine whether gene therapy could enhance IDS enzyme activity in this model, the efficacy of the nuclease-mediated genome correction system was tested. We found a marginal elevation of IDS enzyme activity in the treated group, raising the possibility that the effect of gene correction could be assessed in this mouse model. In conclusion, we established a novel Ids-P88L MPS II mouse model that consistently recapitulates the previously reported phenotype in several mouse models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuichi Mashima
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan.
| | - Mari Ohira
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Torayuki Okuyama
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
- Department of Pediatrics and Clinical Genomics, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama, Saitama, 350-0495, Japan
| | - Masafumi Onodera
- Department of Human Genetics, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
| | - Shuji Takada
- Department of Systems BioMedicine, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1, Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 157-8535, Japan
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11
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Salarvan F, Meydan H, Aksoy M. Transcription level and phylogeny analyses of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii arylsulfatases. J Eukaryot Microbiol 2023; 70:e12943. [PMID: 36018447 DOI: 10.1111/jeu.12943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur is a required macroelement for all organisms, and sulfate deficiency causes growth and developmental defects. Arylsulfatases (ARS) hydrolyze sulfate from sulfate esters and make sulfate bioavailable for plant uptake. These enzymes are found in microorganisms and animals; however, plant genomes do not encode any ARS gene. Our database searches found nineteen ARS genes in the genome of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Among these, ARS1 and ARS2 were studied in the literature; however, the remaining seventeen gene models were not studied. Our results show that putative polypeptide sequences of the ARS gene models all have the sulfatase domain and sulfatase motifs found in known ARSs. Phylogenetic analyses show that C. reinhardtii proteins are in close branches with Volvox carterii proteins while they were clustered in a separate group from Homo sapiens and bacterial species (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Rhodopirellula baltica SH1), except human Sulf1, Sulf2, and GNS are clustered with algal ARSs. RT-PCR analyses showed that transcription of ARS6, ARS7, ARS11, ARS12, ARS13, ARS17, and ARS19 increased under sulfate deficiency. However, this increase was not as high as the increase seen in ARS2. Since plant genomes do not encode any ARS gene, our results highlight the importance of microbial ARS genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Salarvan
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Hasan Meydan
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Münevver Aksoy
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
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12
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El Chekie MR, Nemer G, Khalil A, Macari AT, Ghafari JG. Novel genes linked to Class II Division 1 malocclusion with mandibular micrognathism. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2022; 163:667-676.e3. [PMID: 36581475 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2022.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Mandibular micrognathism (MM) is an underdeveloped mandible resulting from complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Prior research focused mainly on the genetic determinants of mandibular retrognathism, not necessarily reflecting micrognathism, thus supporting the need to study MM. This study aimed to explore the inheritance pattern and identify the candidate genes involved in the development and familial transmission of MM. METHODS Diagnosing probands with MM was based on clinical and lateral cephalometric data. The pedigrees were drawn for 11 identified families, 5 of whom accepted to undergo detailed data and biospecimen collection. These families included 15 MM and 13 non-MM subjects over 2-3 generations. The procedure involved the withdrawal of 5 mL of blood. Genomic DNA was isolated from blood cells to investigate protein-coding regions via whole exome sequencing. Standardized filtering steps were employed, and candidate genes were identified. RESULTS Most of the pedigrees suggested a Mendelian inheritance pattern and segregated in an autosomal-dominant manner. One of the families, which also underwent biospecimen, displayed an X-linked inheritance pattern of the trait. Genetic screening disclosed 8 potentially novel genes (GLUD2, ADGRG4, ARSH, TGIF1, FGFR3, ZNF181, INTS7, and WNT6). None of the recognized exonic regions were previously reported. CONCLUSIONS Eight novel genes were identified in association with MM in the largest number of families reported to date. The genes were X-linked in 1 family, a finding previously not observed in mandibular genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle R El Chekie
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Georges Nemer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Athar Khalil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Anthony T Macari
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
| | - Joseph G Ghafari
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Penn
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13
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Smith MM, Melrose J. Xylan Prebiotics and the Gut Microbiome Promote Health and Wellbeing: Potential Novel Roles for Pentosan Polysulfate. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091151. [PMID: 36145372 PMCID: PMC9503530 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This narrative review highlights the complexities of the gut microbiome and health-promoting properties of prebiotic xylans metabolized by the gut microbiome. In animal husbandry, prebiotic xylans aid in the maintenance of a healthy gut microbiome. This prevents the colonization of the gut by pathogenic organisms obviating the need for dietary antibiotic supplementation, a practice which has been used to maintain animal productivity but which has led to the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria that are passed up the food chain to humans. Seaweed xylan-based animal foodstuffs have been developed to eliminate ruminant green-house gas emissions by gut methanogens in ruminant animals, contributing to atmospheric pollution. Biotransformation of pentosan polysulfate by the gut microbiome converts this semi-synthetic sulfated disease-modifying anti-osteoarthritic heparinoid drug to a prebiotic metabolite that promotes gut health, further extending the therapeutic profile and utility of this therapeutic molecule. Xylans are prominent dietary cereal components of the human diet which travel through the gastrointestinal tract as non-digested dietary fibre since the human genome does not contain xylanolytic enzymes. The gut microbiota however digest xylans as a food source. Xylo-oligosaccharides generated in this digestive process have prebiotic health-promoting properties. Engineered commensal probiotic bacteria also have been developed which have been engineered to produce growth factors and other bioactive factors. A xylan protein induction system controls the secretion of these compounds by the commensal bacteria which can promote gut health or, if these prebiotic compounds are transported by the vagal nervous system, may also regulate the health of linked organ systems via the gut–brain, gut–lung and gut–stomach axes. Dietary xylans are thus emerging therapeutic compounds warranting further study in novel disease prevention protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret M. Smith
- Raymond Purves Laboratory of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - James Melrose
- Raymond Purves Laboratory of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute of Medical Research, Faculty of Health and Science, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
- Sydney Medical School, Northern Campus, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia
- Correspondence:
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14
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Shen Y, Wei Z, Zhou C, Song J, Wang J, Wang J, Wu L, Fang S, Shen Z. Arylsulfatase I
is a prognostic biomarker for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and Pan‐cancer. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24600. [PMID: 35870182 PMCID: PMC9459304 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sulfatase gene family members mediate various biological functions in tumor stroma and tumor cell environments. However, the expressions and prognostic value of Arylsulfatase I (ARSI), a sulfatase gene family member, in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC) have not been fully established. Methods Arylsulfatase I expressions in pan‐cancer were profiled using publicly available databases. Then, univariate Cox regression, Kaplan–Meier, and the Pearson's correlation analyses were performed to determine correlations between ARSI expressions and cancer prognosis, immune cell status, and drug sensitivity. Gene set variation analysis (GSVA) and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) were used to assess the potential mechanisms underlying ARSI functions in HNSC. Results Arylsulfatase I was highly expressed in 15 cancer types, with significant expressions in HNSC. Elevated ARSI levels were associated with worse prognostic outcomes in HNSC patients. In addition, GSVA and GSEA showed that ARSI was highly involved in tumor cell escape and inflammatory responses. Expressions of ARSI negatively correlated with tumor mutation burden or microsatellite instability and positively correlated with immune‐related genes. Elevated ARSI expressions conferred poor tolerance to daporinad and sinularin, but increased cell sensitivity to dasatinib and XAV939. Conclusion Arylsulfatase I is a promising prognostic and therapeutic target for HNSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital Ningbo University Ningbo China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital Ningbo China
- Medical School of Ningbo University Ningbo China
| | - Zhengyu Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital Ningbo University Ningbo China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital Ningbo China
- Medical School of Ningbo University Ningbo China
| | - Chongchang Zhou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital Ningbo University Ningbo China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital Ningbo China
| | - Jiangping Song
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital Ningbo University Ningbo China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital Ningbo China
- Medical School of Ningbo University Ningbo China
| | - Jianing Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital Ningbo University Ningbo China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital Ningbo China
- Medical School of Ningbo University Ningbo China
| | - Jiada Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital Ningbo University Ningbo China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital Ningbo China
- Medical School of Ningbo University Ningbo China
| | - Linrong Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital Ningbo University Ningbo China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital Ningbo China
| | - Shenzhe Fang
- Medical School of Ningbo University Ningbo China
| | - Zhisen Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital Ningbo University Ningbo China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital Ningbo China
- Medical School of Ningbo University Ningbo China
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15
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Fleming A, Xuan LZ, Sanchez-Elexpuru G, Williams SV, Windell D, Gelb MH, Herbst ZM, Schlotawa L, Rubinsztein DC. Unexpected Phenotype Reversion and Survival in a Zebrafish Model of Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:843079. [PMID: 35721514 PMCID: PMC9203071 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.843079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) is a rare recessively inherited Mendelian disorder that manifests with developmental delay, neurodegeneration, skeletal deformities, facial dysmorphism, congenital growth retardation, and other clinical signs. The disorder is caused by mutations in the SUMF1 gene, which encodes the formylglycine-generating enzyme (FGE), and responsible for the activation of sulfatases. Mutations in SUMF1 result in reduced or absent FGE function with consequent compromised activities of its client sulfatases. This leads to an accumulation of enzyme substrates, such as glycosaminoglycans and sulfolipids, within lysosomes and subsequently impaired lysosome function and cellular pathology. Currently, there are no disease modifying therapeutic options for MSD patients, hence the need for more suitable animal models to investigate the disorder. Here, we describe the characterisation of a sumf1 null zebrafish model, which has negligible sulfatase activity. Our sumf1 -/- zebrafish model successfully recapitulates the pathology of MSD such as cranial malformation, altered bone development, an enlarged population of microglia, and growth retardation during early development but lacks early lethality of mouse Sumf1 -/- models. Notably, we provide evidence of recovery in MSD pathology during later developmental stages, resulting in homozygous mutants that are viable. Hence, our data suggest the possibility of a unique compensatory mechanism that allows the sumf1 -/- null zebrafish to survive better than human MSD patients and mouse Sumf1 -/- models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeleen Fleming
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom,Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom,UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Angeleen Fleming, ; David C. Rubinsztein,
| | - Low Zhe Xuan
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Gentzane Sanchez-Elexpuru
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom,Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom,UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sarah V. Williams
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom,Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom,UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Dylan Windell
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom,Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom,UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Michael H. Gelb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Zackary M. Herbst
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Lars Schlotawa
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - David C. Rubinsztein
- Department of Medical Genetics, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom,UK Dementia Research Institute, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Angeleen Fleming, ; David C. Rubinsztein,
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16
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Yang WY, Jiang SS, Pu JL, Jin CY, Gao T, Zheng R, Tian J, Zhang BR. Association Between Dystonia-Related Genetic Loci and Parkinson's Disease in Eastern China. Front Neurol 2022; 12:711050. [PMID: 35273550 PMCID: PMC8901603 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.711050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) and dystonia are closely related in terms of pathophysiology and clinical manifestations, but their common genetic characteristics remain unclear. Some genome-wide association studies (GWASs) and replication studies have revealed correlations between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the ARSG, BDNF, NALCN, OR4X2, KIAA1715, and OR4B1 genes and dystonia. This study was conducted to assess the association between these genetic loci and PD in a population from Eastern China. Methods We genotyped the SNPs (rs11655081 of ARSG; rs6265 of BDNF; rs61973742, rs1338051, rs9518384, and rs9518385 of NALCN; rs67863238 of OR4X2; rs10930717 of KIAA1715; and rs35875350 of OR4B1) in a cohort of 474 patients with PD and 439 healthy controls from East China. To determine the genotypes of these SNPs, we used an Agena MassARRAY Typer 4.0. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs were computed to evaluate the correlations between these SNPs and the risk of PD. Results There were significant differences in the genotype distribution (OR = 0.649, 95% CI = 0.478–0.880) and minor allele frequency (MAF) (OR = 0.703, 95% CI = 0.533–0.929) of SNP rs61973742 (NALCN) between patients with PD and healthy controls. A significant difference was detected in the genotype distribution of rs11655081 (ARSG) (OR = 1.486, 95% CI = 1.080–2.045). Conclusion Single nucleotide polymorphisms rs11655081 (ARSG) and rs61973742 (NALCN) may be associated with PD. The C allele of rs11655081 may increase the risk of PD, whereas the G allele of rs61973742 may be a protective factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yi Yang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Si-Si Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Li Pu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chong-Yao Jin
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Gao
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ran Zheng
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Tian
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bao-Rong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Ren J, Peng ZK, Yang ZZ, Tian LX, Liu SN, Wang SL, Wu QJ, Xie W, Zhang YJ. Genome-wide identification and analysis of sulfatase and sulfatase modifying factor genes in Bemisia tabaci (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae). INSECT SCIENCE 2021; 28:1541-1552. [PMID: 33399267 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The invasive pest whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is a complex species, of which Middle East-Minor Asia 1 (MEAM1) and Mediterranean (MED) are the two most damaging members. Previous research showed that cabbage is frequently infested with MEAM1 but seldomly with MED, and this difference in performance is associated with glucosinolate (GS) content. Some insects can modify GS using glucosinolate sulfatase (SULF), the activity of which is regulated by sulfatase modifying factor 1 (SUMF1); therefore, to increase our understanding of different performances of MEAM1 and MED on cabbage plants, we identified and compared nine putative SULFs and one SUMF in MEAM1 and MED. We found that the lengths of two genes, BtSulf2 and BtSulf4, differed between MEAM1 and MED. The messenger RNA levels of BtSulf4 increased more than 20-fold after MEAM1 and MED adults were exposed to GS, but BtSulf2 expression was only induced by GS in MEAM1. Knockdown of BtSulf2 and BtSulf4 in MEAM1 resulted in a substantial increase in the mortality of GS-treated adults but not in MED. These results indicate that differences in BtSulf2 and BtSulf4 sequences and/or expression may explain why MEAM1 performs better than MED on cabbage. Our results provide a basis for future functional research on SULF and SUMF in B. tabaci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ren
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zheng-Ke Peng
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ze-Zhong Yang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Li-Xia Tian
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shao-Nan Liu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shao-Li Wang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Qing-Jun Wu
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - You-Jun Zhang
- Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
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18
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Kim HS, Kim HY. Hypertensive effects of transforming growth factor-β1 in vascular smooth muscles cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats are mediated by sulfatase 2. Cytokine 2021; 150:155754. [PMID: 34808537 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular sulfatases (sulfatase 1 and sulfatase 2) mediate up- or down-regulatory effects of cytokines on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced expression of hypertensive mediators in hypertensive cells. The overproduction of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) is associated with chronic hypertension. In this study, we examined the role of extracellular sulfatases on TGF-β1-induced effects associated with the expression of mediators related to hypertension in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). First, TGF-β1 increased the expression of 12-lipoxygenase (12-LO) and endothelin-1 (ET-1), inhibited dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH-1) expression and showed additive effects on Ang II-induced 12-LO and ET-1 expression as well as Ang II-induced inhibition of DDAH-1 expression in SHR VSMCs. However, it had no effect on the expression of 12-LO, ET-1, and DDAH-1 in VSMCs from normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats. Downregulation of sulfatase 2 (Sulf2) inhibited all of these hypertensive effects caused by TGF-β1, while sulfatase 1 (Sulf1) had no effect on these events in SHR VSMCs. All these hypertensive effects of TGF-β1 were dependent on the Ang II subtype 1 receptor (AT1 R) pathway, and not on Ang II subtype 2 receptor (AT2 R). In addition, downregulation of Sulf2 inhibited the expression of TGF-β1-induced AT1 R and the additive effect of TGF-β1 on Ang II-induced AT1 R expression. Additionally, downregulation of Sulf2, but not Sulf1, abrogated TGF-β1-induced inhibition of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation and the additive effect of TGF-β1 on Ang II-induced inhibition of AMPK activation via the AT1 R pathway. Moreover, TGF-β1-induced VSMCs proliferation and the additive effect of TGF-β1 on Ang II-induced VSMCs proliferation were abrogated in Sulf2 siRNA-transfected SHR VSMCs, while these effects were maintained in Sulf1 siRNA-transfected SHR VSMCs. The hypertensive effects of TGF-β1 through the AT1 R pathway were mainly dependent on Sulf2 activity in SHR VSMCs. Taken together, these results suggest that Sulf2, but not Sulf1, plays a major role in mediating the increased effects of TGF-β1 in hypertensive VSMCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Sun Kim
- Department of Microbiology College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hye Young Kim
- Department of Microbiology College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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19
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Sulfatase-2 Regulates Liver Fibrosis through the TGF-β Signaling Pathway. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13215279. [PMID: 34771445 PMCID: PMC8582359 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13215279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) activates hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), which drive liver fibrosis via the production and deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM). We aimed to elucidate the mechanistic role of sulfatase-2 (SULF2) in liver fibrosis. To this end, we induced liver fibrosis in wild-type (WT) and SULF2 knockout (Sulf2-KO) mice (6-8 weeks-old) via bile duct ligation (BDL), intraperitoneal injection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) or thioacetamide (TAA). The levels of fibrosis in the liver sections were assessed via Sirius red and Masson's trichrome staining, immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting for α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and hydroxyproline. To evaluate the interaction between TGF-β and SULF2, we transfected human HSCs with scrambled control shRNA and shRNA constructs targeting SULF2 and measured α-SMA expression following treatment with TGF-β1 ligand. We show here that knockout of SULF2 significantly decreases collagen content, as well as bands of bridging fibrosis, as demonstrated by Sirius red, Masson's trichrome and α-SMA staining after BDL, CCl4 and TAA injection in Sulf2-KO versus WT mice. In all three models of liver fibrosis, we observed significantly lower levels of hydroxyproline in the Sulf2-KO mice compared to the WT mice. HSCs with reduced levels of SULF2 failed to significantly express α-SMA and collagen type I following treatment with TGF-β1. Furthermore, SULF2 co-localizes with TGFBR3 and the in vitro knockdown of SULF2 in HSCs decreases the release of TGF-β1 from TGFBR3. Together, these data suggest that SULF2 regulates liver fibrosis via the TGF-β signaling pathway. Pharmacologic inhibition of SULF2 may represent a novel therapeutic approach to improve liver fibrosis.
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20
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Zhang L, Hu H, Liang D, Li Z, Wu L. Prenatal Diagnosis in a Fetus With X-Linked Recessive Chondrodysplasia Punctata: Identification and Functional Study of a Novel Missense Mutation in ARSE. Front Genet 2021; 12:722694. [PMID: 34630518 PMCID: PMC8498588 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.722694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
X-Linked recessive chondrodysplasia punctata (CDPX1) is a rare skeletal dysplasia characterized by stippled epiphyses, brachytelephalangy, and nasomaxillary hypoplasia. CDPX1 is caused by function loss of arylsulfatase E (ARSE, also known as ARSL). Pathogenic mutations in ARSE are responsible for CDPX1 in newborns or adults; however, studies have not fully explored prenatal cases. In the current study, a novel missense mutation (c.265A > G) in ARSE was identified in a fetus with short limbs using whole-exome sequencing (WES). Bioinformatic analysis showed that the variant was pathogenic, and RT-qPCR, Western blot, and enzymatic assays were performed to further explore pathogenicity of the variant. The findings showed that the variant decreased transcription and protein expression levels and led to loss of enzymatic activity of the protein. The novel mutation c.265A > G in ARSE was thus the genetic cause for the phenotype presented by the fetus. The current study presents a prenatal case in Chinese population using functional analysis of ARSE, which helps the family to predict recurrence risks for future pregnancies and provides more information for understanding this rare condition. The findings show that WES is a feasible method for prenatal diagnosis of fetuses with CDPX1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Haoran Hu
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Desheng Liang
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Jiahui Genetics Hospital, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lingqian Wu
- Center for Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Hunan Key Laboratory of Animal Models for Human Diseases, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Hunan Jiahui Genetics Hospital, Changsha, China
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Evaluation of HIV-1 derived lentiviral vectors as transductors of Mucopolysaccharidosis type IV a fibroblasts. Gene 2021; 780:145527. [PMID: 33636292 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidosis type IVA (MPS IVA) is a lysosomal storage disease produced by the deficiency of the N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS) enzyme, leading to glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) accumulation. Since currently available treatments remain limited and unspecific, novel therapeutic approaches are essential for the disease treatment. In an attempt to reduce treatment limitations, gene therapy rises as a more effective and specific alternative. We present in this study the delivery assessment of GALNS and sulfatase-modifying factor 1 (SUMF1) genes via HIV-1 derived lentiviral vectors into fibroblasts from MPS IVA patients. After transduction, we determined GALNS enzymatic activity, lysosomal mass change, and autophagy pathway impairment. Additionally, we computationally assessed the effect of mutations over the enzyme-substrate interaction and phenotypic effects. The results showed that the co-transduction of MPS IVA fibroblasts with GALNS and SUMF1 cDNAs led to a significant increase in GALNS enzyme activity and a reduction of lysosomal mass. We show that patient-specific differences in cellular response are directly associated with the set of mutations on each patient. Lastly, we present new evidence supporting autophagy impairment in MPS IVA due to the presence and changes in autophagy proteins in treated MPS IVA fibroblasts. Our results offer new evidence that demonstrate the potential of lentiviral vectors as a strategy to correct GALNS deficiency.
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Arylsulfatase K inactivation causes mucopolysaccharidosis due to deficient glucuronate desulfation of heparan and chondroitin sulfate. Biochem J 2021; 477:3433-3451. [PMID: 32856704 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Mucopolysaccharidoses comprise a group of rare metabolic diseases, in which the lysosomal degradation of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) is impaired due to genetically inherited defects of lysosomal enzymes involved in GAG catabolism. The resulting intralysosomal accumulation of GAG-derived metabolites consequently manifests in neurological symptoms and also peripheral abnormalities in various tissues like liver, kidney, spleen and bone. As each GAG consists of differently sulfated disaccharide units, it needs a specific, but also partly overlapping set of lysosomal enzymes to accomplish their complete degradation. Recently, we identified and characterized the lysosomal enzyme arylsulfatase K (Arsk) exhibiting glucuronate-2-sulfatase activity as needed for the degradation of heparan sulfate (HS), chondroitin sulfate (CS) and dermatan sulfate (DS). In the present study, we investigated the physiological relevance of Arsk by means of a constitutive Arsk knockout mouse model. A complete lack of glucuronate desulfation was demonstrated by a specific enzyme activity assay. Arsk-deficient mice show, in an organ-specific manner, a moderate accumulation of HS and CS metabolites characterized by 2-O-sulfated glucuronate moieties at their non-reducing ends. Pathophysiological studies reflect a rather mild phenotype including behavioral changes. Interestingly, no prominent lysosomal storage pathology like bone abnormalities were detected. Our results from the Arsk mouse model suggest a new although mild form of mucopolysacharidose (MPS), which we designate MPS type IIB.
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Agrawal S, Ransom RF, Saraswathi S, Garcia-Gonzalo E, Webb A, Fernandez-Martinez JL, Popovic M, Guess AJ, Kloczkowski A, Benndorf R, Sadee W, Smoyer WE. Sulfatase 2 Is Associated with Steroid Resistance in Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome. J Clin Med 2021; 10:523. [PMID: 33540508 PMCID: PMC7867139 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10030523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucocorticoid (GC) resistance complicates the treatment of ~10-20% of children with nephrotic syndrome (NS), yet the molecular basis for resistance remains unclear. We used RNAseq analysis and in silico algorithm-based approaches on peripheral blood leukocytes from 12 children both at initial NS presentation and after ~7 weeks of GC therapy to identify a 12-gene panel able to differentiate steroid resistant NS (SRNS) from steroid-sensitive NS (SSNS). Among this panel, subsequent validation and analyses of one biologically relevant candidate, sulfatase 2 (SULF2), in up to a total of 66 children, revealed that both SULF2 leukocyte expression and plasma arylsulfatase activity Post/Pre therapy ratios were greater in SSNS vs. SRNS. However, neither plasma SULF2 endosulfatase activity (measured by VEGF binding activity) nor plasma VEGF levels, distinguished SSNS from SRNS, despite VEGF's reported role as a downstream mediator of SULF2's effects in glomeruli. Experimental studies of NS-related injury in both rat glomeruli and cultured podocytes also revealed decreased SULF2 expression, which were partially reversible by GC treatment of podocytes. These findings together suggest that SULF2 levels and activity are associated with GC resistance in NS, and that SULF2 may play a protective role in NS via the modulation of downstream mediators distinct from VEGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shipra Agrawal
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; (R.F.R.); (M.P.); (A.J.G.); (R.B.)
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Richard F. Ransom
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; (R.F.R.); (M.P.); (A.J.G.); (R.B.)
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Saras Saraswathi
- Battelle Center for Mathematical Medicine at Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA;
| | | | - Amy Webb
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | | | - Milan Popovic
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; (R.F.R.); (M.P.); (A.J.G.); (R.B.)
| | - Adam J. Guess
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; (R.F.R.); (M.P.); (A.J.G.); (R.B.)
| | - Andrzej Kloczkowski
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
- Battelle Center for Mathematical Medicine at Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA;
| | - Rainer Benndorf
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; (R.F.R.); (M.P.); (A.J.G.); (R.B.)
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Wolfgang Sadee
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Center for Pharmacogenomics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - William E. Smoyer
- Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA; (R.F.R.); (M.P.); (A.J.G.); (R.B.)
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
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Steroid hormones sulfatase inactivation extends lifespan and ameliorates age-related diseases. Nat Commun 2021; 12:49. [PMID: 33397961 PMCID: PMC7782729 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20269-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging and fertility are two interconnected processes. From invertebrates to mammals, absence of the germline increases longevity. Here we show that loss of function of sul-2, the Caenorhabditis elegans steroid sulfatase (STS), raises the pool of sulfated steroid hormones, increases longevity and ameliorates protein aggregation diseases. This increased longevity requires factors involved in germline-mediated longevity (daf-16, daf-12, kri-1, tcer-1 and daf-36 genes) although sul-2 mutations do not affect fertility. Interestingly, sul-2 is only expressed in sensory neurons, suggesting a regulation of sulfated hormones state by environmental cues. Treatment with the specific STS inhibitor STX64, as well as with testosterone-derived sulfated hormones reproduces the longevity phenotype of sul-2 mutants. Remarkably, those treatments ameliorate protein aggregation diseases in C. elegans, and STX64 also Alzheimer’s disease in a mammalian model. These results open the possibility of reallocating steroid sulfatase inhibitors or derivates for the treatment of aging and aging related diseases. Sul-2 is a steroid sulfatase in c.elegans. Here the authors show that, in the absence of sul-2 enzymatic activity, worm lifespan is increased, and that chemical inhibition ameliorates symptoms of neurodegenerative disorders in worms and mice.
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Kim HY, Kim HS. Sulfatase 1 mediates IL-10-induced dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 expression and antiproliferative effects in vascular smooth muscle cells of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cytokine 2021; 137:155344. [PMID: 33128921 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular sulfatases (exSulfs) sulfatase 1 (Sulf1) and sulfatase 2 (Sulf2) are well-known regulators of cell signaling and metabolism. In addition, exSulfs mediate the up- or downregulatory effects of cytokines on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced expression of hypertensive mediators in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Previously, we demonstrated that interleukin-10 (IL-10)-induced dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1 (DDAH-1) expression was mediated by Ang II subtype 2 receptor (AT2 R) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, and that IL-10-mediated inhibition of Ang II-induced proliferation of SHRs VSMC was partially associated with DDAH-1. In this study, we examined the effects of exSulfs on IL-10-induced DDAH-1 expression, abrogation of Ang II-induced DDAH-1 downregulation, and inhibition of Ang II-induced proliferation of SHRs VSMC. IL-10-induced DDAH-1 expression and abrogation of Ang II-induced DDAH-1 downregulation were attenuated in Sulf1 siRNA-transfected SHRs VSMC. However, Sulf2 did not affect IL-10-induced DDAH-1 expression and abrogation of Ang II-induced DDAH-1 downregulation. Downregulation of Sulf1 inhibited IL-10-induced AT2 R expression and the synergistic effects of IL-10 on Ang II-induced AT2 R expression. Additionally, Sulf1 downregulation inhibited IL-10-induced AMPK activity and abrogation of Ang II-induced decrease in AMPK activity. Moreover, the IL-10-mediated inhibition of Ang II-induced proliferation was not detected in Sulf1 siRNA-transfected SHRs VSMC; IL-10-mediated inhibition of Ang II-induced VSMC proliferation was mediated via the AT2 R pathway and AMPK activation. Specifically, IL-10-induced DDAH-1 expression, abrogation of Ang II-induced DDAH-1 downregulation, and inhibition of Ang II-induced proliferation, which is mediated by the AT2 R pathway and AMPK activation, are mainly mediated by Sulf1 activity in SHRs VSMC. These results suggest that Sulf1, and not Sulf2, mediates the IL-10-induced inhibition of Ang II-induced hypertensive effects in SHRs VSMC.
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MESH Headings
- Amidohydrolases/genetics
- Amidohydrolases/metabolism
- Angiotensin II/pharmacology
- Animals
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Cells, Cultured
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic/drug effects
- Interleukin-10/pharmacology
- Male
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/drug effects
- RNA Interference
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2/metabolism
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Sulfotransferases/genetics
- Sulfotransferases/metabolism
- Rats
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye Young Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Sun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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26
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Adang LA, Schlotawa L, Groeschel S, Kehrer C, Harzer K, Staretz‐Chacham O, Silva TO, Schwartz IVD, Gärtner J, De Castro M, Costin C, Montgomery EF, Dierks T, Radhakrishnan K, Ahrens‐Nicklas RC. Natural history of multiple sulfatase deficiency: Retrospective phenotyping and functional variant analysis to characterize an ultra-rare disease. J Inherit Metab Dis 2020; 43:1298-1309. [PMID: 32749716 PMCID: PMC7693296 DOI: 10.1002/jimd.12298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) is an ultra-rare neurodegenerative disorder caused by pathogenic variants in SUMF1. This gene encodes formylglycine-generating enzyme (FGE), a protein required for sulfatase activation. The clinical course of MSD results from additive effect of each sulfatase deficiency, including metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), several mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS II, IIIA, IIID, IIIE, IVA, VI), chondrodysplasia punctata, and X-linked ichthyosis. While it is known that affected individuals demonstrate a complex and severe phenotype, the genotype-phenotype relationship and detailed clinical course is unknown. We report on 35 cases enrolled in our retrospective natural history study, n = 32 with detailed histories. Neurologic function was longitudinally assessed with retrospective scales. Biochemical and computational modeling of novel SUMF1 variants was performed. Genotypes were classified based on predicted functional change, and each individual was assigned a genotype severity score. The median age at symptom onset was 0.25 years; median age at diagnosis was 2.7 years; and median age at death was 13 years. All individuals demonstrated developmental delay, and only a subset of individuals attained ambulation and verbal communication. All subjects experienced an accumulating systemic symptom burden. Earlier age at symptom onset and severe variant pathogenicity correlated with poor neurologic outcomes. Using retrospective deep phenotyping and detailed variant analysis, we defined the natural history of MSD. We found that attenuated cases can be distinguished from severe cases by age of onset, attainment of ambulation, and genotype. Results from this study can help inform prognosis and facilitate future study design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura A. Adang
- Division of NeurologyThe Children's Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Lars Schlotawa
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Medical Centre GöttingenGermany
| | | | | | | | | | - Thiago Oliveira Silva
- Nuclimed‐Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre‐RSPorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Ida Vanessa D. Schwartz
- Nuclimed‐Clinical Research Center, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre‐RSPorto AlegreBrazil
| | - Jutta Gärtner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Medical Centre GöttingenGermany
| | | | | | | | - Thomas Dierks
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry IBielefeld UniversityBielefeldGermany
| | | | - Rebecca C. Ahrens‐Nicklas
- Division of Human Genetics and Metabolism, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Department of PediatricsPerelman School of Medicine at the University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaPennsylvaniaUSA
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Lysosomal sulfatases: a growing family. Biochem J 2020; 477:3963-3983. [PMID: 33120425 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Sulfatases constitute a family of enzymes that specifically act in the hydrolytic degradation of sulfated metabolites by removing sulfate monoesters from various substrates, particularly glycolipids and glycosaminoglycans. A common essential feature of all known eukaryotic sulfatases is the posttranslational modification of a critical cysteine residue in their active site by oxidation to formylglycine (FGly), which is mediated by the FGly-generating enzyme in the endoplasmic reticulum and is indispensable for catalytic activity. The majority of the so far described sulfatases localize intracellularly to lysosomes, where they act in different catabolic pathways. Mutations in genes coding for lysosomal sulfatases lead to an accumulation of the sulfated substrates in lysosomes, resulting in impaired cellular function and multisystemic disorders presenting as lysosomal storage diseases, which also cover the mucopolysaccharidoses and metachromatic leukodystrophy. Bioinformatics analysis of the eukaryotic genomes revealed, besides the well described and long known disease-associated sulfatases, additional genes coding for putative enzymes with sulfatases activity, including arylsulfatase G as well as the arylsulfatases H, I, J and K, respectively. In this article, we review current knowledge about lysosomal sulfatases with a special focus on the just recently characterized family members arylsulfatase G and arylsulfatase K.
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Cappuccio G, Alagia M, Brunetti-Pierri N. A systematic cross-sectional survey of multiple sulfatase deficiency. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 130:283-288. [PMID: 32620537 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2020.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency (MSD) is an inborn error of metabolism caused by pathogenic variants in the SUMF1 gene encoding the formylglycine-generating enzyme (FGE) that activates all known sulfatases. FGE deficiency results in widespread tissue accumulation of multiple sulphated substrates. Through a systematic analysis of published cases, we retrieved 80 MSD cases and reviewed the disease clinical, biochemical, and genetic findings. Leukodystrophy, neurosensorial hearing loss, and ichthyosis were the most frequent findings at diagnosis. Of 51 reported pathogenic variants, 20 were likely gene disruptive and the remaining were missense variants. No correlations between class of variants and clinical severity or degree of enzyme deficiency were detected. However, cases harboring variants located at N-terminal always had severe neonatal presentations. Moreover, cases with neonatal onset showed the lowest overall survival rate compared to late-infantile and juvenile onsets. Using GnomAD, carrier frequency for pathogenic SUMF1 variants was estimated to be ~1/700 and the disease prevalence was approximately 1/2,000,000. In summary, MSD is an ultra-rare multisystem disorder with mainly neurologic, hearing and skin involvements. Although the collected data were retrospective and heterogenous, the quantitative data inform the disease natural history and are important for both counseling and design of future interventional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerarda Cappuccio
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy; Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Marianna Alagia
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University, Naples, Italy; Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy.
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Ma W, Mao J, Wang X, Duan L, Song Y, Lian X, Zheng J, Liu Z, Nie M, Wu X. Novel Microdeletion in the X Chromosome Leads to Kallmann Syndrome, Ichthyosis, Obesity, and Strabismus. Front Genet 2020; 11:596. [PMID: 32670353 PMCID: PMC7327112 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.00596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A large deletion in Xp22.3 can result in contiguous gene syndromes, including X-linked ichthyosis (XLI) and Kallmann syndrome (KS), presenting with short stature, chondrodysplasia punctata, intellectual disability, and strabismus. XLI and KS are caused by the deletion of STS and ANOS1, respectively. Method Two KS patients with XLI were screened to identify possible pathogenic mutations using whole exome sequencing. The clinical characteristics, molecular genetics, treatment outcomes, and genotype–phenotype association for each patient were analyzed. Results We identified a novel 3,923 kb deletion within the Xp22.31 region (chrX: 5810838–9733877) containing STS, ANOS1, GPR143, NLGN4X, VCX-A, PUDP, and PNPLA4 in patient 1, who presented with KS, XLI, obesity, hyperlipidemia, and strabismus. We identified a novel 5,807 kb deletion within the Xp22.31-p22.33 regions (chrX: 2700083–8507807) containing STS, ANOS1, and other 24 genes in patient 2, who presented with KS, XLI, obesity, and strabismus. No developmental delay, abnormal speech development, or autistic behavior were noticed in either patient. Conclusion We identified two novel microdeletions in the X chromosome leading to KS and XLI. These findings contribute to the understanding of the molecular mechanisms that drive contiguous gene syndromes. Our research confirmed that the Kallmann-Ichthyosis phenotype is caused by microdeletions at the chromosome level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanlu Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangfeng Mao
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xi Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lian Duan
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuwen Song
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolan Lian
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Zheng
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaoxiang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Nie
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xueyan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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30
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Siokas V, Kardaras D, Aloizou AM, Liampas I, Papageorgiou E, Drakoulis N, Tsatsakis A, Mitsias PD, Hadjigeorgiou GM, Tsironi EE, Dardiotis E. CYP1A2 rs762551 and ADORA2A rs5760423 Polymorphisms in Patients with Blepharospasm. J Mol Neurosci 2020; 70:1370-1375. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-020-01553-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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31
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GABAergic system's Injuries Induced by Sodium Sulfite in Caenorhabditis elegans Were Prevented by the Anti-Oxidative Properties of Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate. Neurotox Res 2020; 38:447-460. [PMID: 32410195 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-020-00207-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Several pathophysiological processes involve Hypoxia conditions, where the nervous system is affected as well. We postulate that the GABAergic system is especially sensitive. Furthermore, drugs improving the resistance to hypoxia have been investigated, such as the neurosteroid dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS) which has shown beneficial effects in hypoxic processes in mammals; however, at the cellular level, its exact mechanism of action has yet to be fully elucidated. Here, we used a chemical hypoxia model through sodium sulfite (SS) exposure in Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), a nematode whose response to hypoxia involves pathways and cellular processes conserved in mammals, and that allows study the direct effect of DHEAS without its conversion to sex hormones. This work aimed to determine the effect of DHEAS on damage to the GABAergic system associated with SS exposure in C. elegans. Worms were subjected to nose touch response (Not Assay) and observed in epifluorescence microscopy. DHEAS decreased the shrinkage response of Not Assay and the level of damage in GABAergic neurons on SS-exposed worms. Also, the enhanced nuclear localization of DAF-16 and consequently the overexpression of chaperone HSP-16.2 by hypoxia were significantly reduced in SS + DHEAS exposed worms. As well, DHEAS increased the survival rate of worms exposed to hydrogen peroxide. These results suggest that hypoxia-caused damage over the GABAergic system was prevented at least partially by DHEAS, probably through non-genomic mechanisms that involve its antioxidant properties related to its chemical structure.
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32
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Schlotawa L, Adang LA, Radhakrishnan K, Ahrens-Nicklas RC. Multiple Sulfatase Deficiency: A Disease Comprising Mucopolysaccharidosis, Sphingolipidosis, and More Caused by a Defect in Posttranslational Modification. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3448. [PMID: 32414121 PMCID: PMC7279497 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD, MIM #272200) is an ultra-rare disease comprising pathophysiology and clinical features of mucopolysaccharidosis, sphingolipidosis and other sulfatase deficiencies. MSD is caused by impaired posttranslational activation of sulfatases through the formylglycine generating enzyme (FGE) encoded by the sulfatase modifying factor 1 (SUMF1) gene, which is mutated in MSD. FGE is a highly conserved, non-redundant ER protein that activates all cellular sulfatases by oxidizing a conserved cysteine in the active site of sulfatases that is necessary for full catalytic activity. SUMF1 mutations result in unstable, degradation-prone FGE that demonstrates reduced or absent catalytic activity, leading to decreased activity of all sulfatases. As the majority of sulfatases are localized to the lysosome, loss of sulfatase activity induces lysosomal storage of glycosaminoglycans and sulfatides and subsequent cellular pathology. MSD patients combine clinical features of all single sulfatase deficiencies in a systemic disease. Disease severity classifications distinguish cases based on age of onset and disease progression. A genotype- phenotype correlation has been proposed, biomarkers like excreted storage material and residual sulfatase activities do not correlate well with disease severity. The diagnosis of MSD is based on reduced sulfatase activities and detection of mutations in SUMF1. No therapy exists for MSD yet. This review summarizes the unique FGE/ sulfatase physiology, pathophysiology and clinical aspects in patients and their care and outlines future perspectives in MSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars Schlotawa
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Centre Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Laura A. Adang
- Division of Child Neurology, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | | | - Rebecca C. Ahrens-Nicklas
- Division of Human Genetics and Metabolism, The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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Trivedi PC, Bartlett JJ, Pulinilkunnil T. Lysosomal Biology and Function: Modern View of Cellular Debris Bin. Cells 2020; 9:cells9051131. [PMID: 32375321 PMCID: PMC7290337 DOI: 10.3390/cells9051131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomes are the main proteolytic compartments of mammalian cells comprising of a battery of hydrolases. Lysosomes dispose and recycle extracellular or intracellular macromolecules by fusing with endosomes or autophagosomes through specific waste clearance processes such as chaperone-mediated autophagy or microautophagy. The proteolytic end product is transported out of lysosomes via transporters or vesicular membrane trafficking. Recent studies have demonstrated lysosomes as a signaling node which sense, adapt and respond to changes in substrate metabolism to maintain cellular function. Lysosomal dysfunction not only influence pathways mediating membrane trafficking that culminate in the lysosome but also govern metabolic and signaling processes regulating protein sorting and targeting. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of lysosome in influencing sorting and nutrient signaling. We further present a mechanistic overview of intra-lysosomal processes, along with extra-lysosomal processes, governing lysosomal fusion and fission, exocytosis, positioning and membrane contact site formation. This review compiles existing knowledge in the field of lysosomal biology by describing various lysosomal events necessary to maintain cellular homeostasis facilitating development of therapies maintaining lysosomal function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Purvi C. Trivedi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada; (P.C.T.); (J.J.B.)
- Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, NB E2L 4L5, Canada
| | - Jordan J. Bartlett
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada; (P.C.T.); (J.J.B.)
- Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, NB E2L 4L5, Canada
| | - Thomas Pulinilkunnil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4H7, Canada; (P.C.T.); (J.J.B.)
- Dalhousie Medicine New Brunswick, Saint John, NB E2L 4L5, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(506)-636-6973
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Systems Biology Analysis Reveals Eight SLC22 Transporter Subgroups, Including OATs, OCTs, and OCTNs. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051791. [PMID: 32150922 PMCID: PMC7084758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The SLC22 family of OATs, OCTs, and OCTNs is emerging as a central hub of endogenous physiology. Despite often being referred to as “drug” transporters, they facilitate the movement of metabolites and key signaling molecules. An in-depth reanalysis supports a reassignment of these proteins into eight functional subgroups, with four new subgroups arising from the previously defined OAT subclade: OATS1 (SLC22A6, SLC22A8, and SLC22A20), OATS2 (SLC22A7), OATS3 (SLC22A11, SLC22A12, and Slc22a22), and OATS4 (SLC22A9, SLC22A10, SLC22A24, and SLC22A25). We propose merging the OCTN (SLC22A4, SLC22A5, and Slc22a21) and OCT-related (SLC22A15 and SLC22A16) subclades into the OCTN/OCTN-related subgroup. Using data from GWAS, in vivo models, and in vitro assays, we developed an SLC22 transporter-metabolite network and similar subgroup networks, which suggest how multiple SLC22 transporters with mono-, oligo-, and multi-specific substrate specificity interact to regulate metabolites. Subgroup associations include: OATS1 with signaling molecules, uremic toxins, and odorants, OATS2 with cyclic nucleotides, OATS3 with uric acid, OATS4 with conjugated sex hormones, particularly etiocholanolone glucuronide, OCT with neurotransmitters, and OCTN/OCTN-related with ergothioneine and carnitine derivatives. Our data suggest that the SLC22 family can work among itself, as well as with other ADME genes, to optimize levels of numerous metabolites and signaling molecules, involved in organ crosstalk and inter-organismal communication, as proposed by the remote sensing and signaling theory.
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Identification of Novel ARSB Genes Necessary for p-Benzoquinone Biosynthesis in the Larval Oral Secretion Participating in External Immune Defense in the Red Palm Weevil. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051610. [PMID: 32111099 PMCID: PMC7084252 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
External secretions, composed of a variety of chemical components, are among the most important traits that endow insects with the ability to defend themselves against predators, parasites, or other adversities, especially pathogens. Thus, these exudates play a crucial role in external immunity. Red palm weevil larvae are prolific in this regard, producing large quantities of p-benzoquinone, which is present in their oral secretion. Benzoquinone with antimicrobial activity has been proven to be an active ingredient and key factor for external immunity in a previous study. To obtain a better understanding of the genetic and molecular basis of external immune secretions, we identify genes necessary for p-benzoquinone synthesis. Three novel ARSB genes, namely, RfARSB-0311, RfARSB-11581, and RfARSB-14322, are screened, isolated, and molecularly characterized on the basis of transcriptome data. To determine whether these genes are highly and specifically expressed in the secretory gland, we perform tissue/organ-specific expression profile analysis. The functions of these genes are further determined by examining the antimicrobial activity of the secretions and quantification of p-benzoquinone after RNAi. All the results reveal that the ARSB gene family can regulate the secretory volume of p-benzoquinone by participating in the biosynthesis of quinones, thus altering the host’s external immune inhibitory efficiency.
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Amadi IM, Agrawal V, Christianson T, Bardliving C, Shamlou P, LeBowitz JH. Inhibition of endogenous miR-23a/miR-377 in CHO cells enhances difficult-to-express recombinant lysosomal sulfatase activity. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 36:e2974. [PMID: 31990124 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2019] [Revised: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Difficult-to-express (DTE) recombinant proteins such as multi-specific proteins, DTE monoclonal antibodies, and lysosomal enzymes have seen difficulties in manufacturability using Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells or other mammalian cells as production platforms. CHO cells are preferably used for recombinant protein production for their ability to secrete human-like recombinant proteins with posttranslational modification, resistance to viral infection, and familiarity with drug regulators. However, despite huge progress made in engineering CHO cells for high volumetric productivity, DTE proteins like recombinant lysosomal sulfatase represent one of the poorly understood proteins. Furthermore, there is growing interest in the use of microRNA (miRNA) to engineer CHO cells expressing DTE proteins to improve cell performance of relevant bioprocess phenotypes. To our knowledge, no research has been done to improve CHO cell production of DTE recombinant lysosomal sulfatase using miRNA. We identified miR-23a and miR-377 as miRNAs predicted to target SUMF1, an activator of sulfatases, using in silico prediction tools. Transient inhibition of CHO endogenous miR-23a/miR-377 significantly enhanced recombinant sulfatase enzyme-specific activity by ~15-21% compared to scramble without affecting cell growth. Though inhibition of miR-23a/miR-377 had no significant effect on the mRNA and protein levels of SUMF1, overexpression of miR-23a/377 caused ~30% and ~27-29% significant reduction in endogenous SUMF1 protein and mRNA expression levels, respectively. In summary, our data demonstrate the importance of using miRNA to optimize the CHO cell line secreting DTE recombinant lysosomal sulfatase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeanyi Michael Amadi
- BioMarin Pharmaceutical Inc., Novato, California.,Keck Graduate Institute, Claremont, California
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MacMillan JL, Vicaretti SD, Noyovitz B, Xing X, Low KE, Inglis GD, Zaytsoff SJ, Boraston AB, Smith SP, Uwiera RR, Selinger LB, Zandberg WF, Abbott DW. Structural analysis of broiler chicken small intestinal mucin O-glycan modification by Clostridium perfringens. Poult Sci 2019; 98:5074-5088. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pez297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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Kovacs Z, Jung I, Gurzu S. Arylsulfatases A and B: From normal tissues to malignant tumors. Pathol Res Pract 2019; 215:152516. [PMID: 31262576 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2019.152516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Arylsulfatases are lysosomal enzymes with important roles in the cell metabolism. Several subtypes of arylsulfatase are known, from A to K. Congenital deficiencies of arylsulfatases, especially A (ARSA) and B (ARSB), can induce metabolic disorders such as metachromatic leucodystrophy (ARSA deficiency) and Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome (ARSB deficiency). ARSA and ARSB pseudodeficiencies were recently described but their exact roles are far to be known. The aim of this review was to synthesize the literature data, combined with personal results, regarding the roles of ARSA and ARSB in non-tumor disorders but also carcinogenesis. Few than 50 published papers regard ARSA and ARSB expression in cancer. They suggest decreased activity of these arylsulfatases in most of carcinomas, compared with normal tissues. However, the clinical impact is still unknown. Further complex studies are necessary to be done, to understand the role of ARSA and ARSB expression in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Kovacs
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Tirgu-Mures, Romania; Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Tirgu-Mures, Romania
| | - Ioan Jung
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Tirgu-Mures, Romania
| | - Simona Gurzu
- Department of Pathology, University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology, Tirgu-Mures, Romania; Department of Pathology, Research Center (CCAMF), Tirgu-Mures, Romania.
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Ma XL, He WY, Wang P, You MS. Cell lines from diamondback moth exhibiting differential susceptibility to baculovirus infection and expressing midgut genes. INSECT SCIENCE 2019; 26:251-262. [PMID: 28857510 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Six new cell lines were established from embryonic tissues of the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.). The cell lines showed differential characteristics, including growth in attachment or in suspension, susceptibility to a baculovirus infection and expression of genes involved in the glucosinolate detoxification pathway in P. xylostella larvae. Five of the cell lines grew attached to the culture flask and one cell line grew unattached as a suspension cell line. The cell lines had population doubling times ranging from 18 to 23 h. Among five of the P. xylostella cell lines examined for infection of a nucleopolyhedrovirus from Autographa californica, AcMNPV, four cell lines were highly susceptible to AcMNPV infection, but one was only semi-permissive to AcMNPV infection. The production of two recombinant proteins, a β-galactosidase of bacterial origin and a secreted alkaline phosphatase of eukaryotic origin, in the P. xylostella cell lines was examined in comparison with that in the cell line Sf9 which is commonly used for recombinant protein production. In the P. xylostella cell lines, expression of three important midgut genes involved in the glucosinolate detoxification pathway, including the glucosinolate sulfatase genes GSS1 and GSS2 and the sulfatase modifying factor gene SUMF1, was detected. The P. xylostella cell lines developed in this study could be useful in in vitro research systems for studying insec-virus interactions and complex molecular mechanisms in glucosinolate detoxification and insect-plant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, USA
| | - Wei-Yi He
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Geneva, NY, USA
| | - Min-Sheng You
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Kumari K, Das B, Adhya AK, Rath AK, Mishra SK. Genome-wide expression analysis reveals six contravened targets of EZH2 associated with breast cancer patient survival. Sci Rep 2019; 9:1974. [PMID: 30760814 PMCID: PMC6374476 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39122-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Several pioneering work have established that apart from genetic alterations, epigenetic modifications contribute significantly in tumor progression. Remarkable role of EZH2 in cancer highlights the importance of identifying its targets. Although much emphasis has been placed in recent years in designing drugs and inhibitors targeting EZH2, less effort has been given in exploring its existing targets that will help in understanding the oncogenic role of EZH2 in turn which may provide a more stringent method of targeting EZH2. In the present study, we validated six direct targets of EZH2 that are GPNMB, PMEPA1, CoL5A1, VGLL4, POMT2 and SUMF1 associated with cancer related pathways. Upon EZH2 knockdown, more than two fold increase in the target gene expression was evident. CHIP-qPCR performed in both MCF-7 and MDA-MDA-231 confirmed the in-vivo binding of EZH2 on its identified target. Thirty invasive breast carcinoma cases with their adjacent normal tissues were included in the study. Immunohistochemistry in primary breast tumor tissue array showed tumor dependent expression of EZH2. Array of MERAV expression database revealed the strength of association of EZH2 with its target genes. Real time PCR performed with RNA extracted from breast tumor tissues further authenticated the existing negative correlation between EZH2 and its target genes. Pearson correlation coefficient & statistical significance computed using the matrix provided in the database strengthened the negative correlation between identified target genes and EZH2. KM plotter analysis showed improved relapse-free survival with increased expression of PMEPA1, POMT2, VGLL4 and SUMF1 in breast cancer patients indicating their therapeutic potential. While investigating the relevance of these target genes, different mutations of them were found in breast cancer patients. Seeking the clinical relevance of our study, following our recent publication that reports the role of EZH2 in nicotine-mediated breast cancer development and progression, we observed significant reduced expression of SUMF1 in breast cancer patient samples with smoking history in comparison to never-smoked patient samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanchan Kumari
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.,Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Biswajit Das
- Tumor Microenvironment and Animal Models Laboratory, Department of Translational Research, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.,Manipal University, Manipal, Karnataka, India
| | - Amit K Adhya
- Department of Pathology, AIIMS, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Arabinda K Rath
- Hemalata Hospitals and Research Centre, Chandrashekharpur, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Sandip K Mishra
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Cancer Biology, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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Kim HY, Jeong DW, Kim HS. Sulfatase 2 mediates, partially, the expression of endothelin-1 and the additive effect of Ang II-induced endothelin-1 expression by CXCL8 in vascular smooth muscle cells from spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cytokine 2019; 114:98-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Siokas V, Kardaras D, Aloizou AM, Asproudis I, Boboridis KG, Papageorgiou E, Spandidos DA, Tsatsakis A, Tsironi EE, Dardiotis E. Lack of Association of the rs11655081 ARSG Gene with Blepharospasm. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 67:472-476. [PMID: 30656493 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1255-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Blepharospasm (BSP) is a sub-phenotype of focal dystonia. A few genetic risk factors are considered to be implicated in the risk of developing BSP. There is recent evidence, based on results from GWAS and meta-analyses, to suggest that arylsulfatase G (ARSG), and more specifically rs11655081, is implicated in focal dystonia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of rs11655081 ARSG on BSP. A Greek cohort, which consisted of 206 BSP patients and an equal number of healthy controls, was genotyped for rs11655081. Only a marginal trend for the association between rs11655081 and the risk of BSP was found in the over-dominant model of inheritance [odds ratio, OR (95% confidence interval, CI): 0.64 (0.38-1.07), p = 0.088]. It is rather unlikely that rs11655081 across ARSG is a major genetic risk contributor for BSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Kardaras
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Athina-Maria Aloizou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece
| | - Ioannis Asproudis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Konstadinos G Boboridis
- 3rd University Department of Ophthalmology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleni Papageorgiou
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Demetrios A Spandidos
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Medical School, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Aristidis Tsatsakis
- Laboratory of Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, 71003, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Evangelia E Tsironi
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Larissa, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis, Mezourlo Hill, 41100, Larissa, Greece.
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Siokas V, Aloizou AM, Tsouris Z, Michalopoulou A, Mentis AFA, Dardiotis E. Risk Factor Genes in Patients with Dystonia: A Comprehensive Review. TREMOR AND OTHER HYPERKINETIC MOVEMENTS (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 8:559. [PMID: 30643666 PMCID: PMC6329780 DOI: 10.7916/d8h438gs] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Dystonia is a movement disorder with high heterogeneity regarding phenotypic appearance and etiology that occurs in both sporadic and familial forms. The etiology of the disease remains unknown. However, there is increasing evidence suggesting that a small number of gene alterations may lead to dystonia. Although pathogenic variants to the familial type of dystonia have been extensively reviewed and discussed, relatively little is known about the contribution of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to dystonia. This review focuses on the potential role of SNPs and other variants in dystonia susceptibility. Methods We searched the PubMed database for peer-reviewed articles published in English, from its inception through January 2018, that concerned human studies of dystonia and genetic variants. The following search terms were included: “dystonia” in combination with the following terms: 1) “polymorphisms” and 2) “SNPs” as free words. Results A total of 43 published studies regarding TOR1A, BDNF, DRD5, APOE, ARSG, NALC, OR4X2, COL4A1, TH, DDC, DBH, MAO, COMT, DAT, GCH1, PRKRA, MR-1, SGCE, ATP1A3, TAF1, THAP1, GNAL, DRD2, HLA-DRB, CBS, MTHFR, and MS genes, were included in the current review. Discussion To date, a few variants, which are possibly involved in several molecular pathways, have been related to dystonia. Large cohort studies are needed to determine robust associations between variants and dystonia with adjustment for other potential cofounders, in order to elucidate the pathogenic mechanisms of dystonia and the net effect of the genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasileios Siokas
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, GR
| | - Athina-Maria Aloizou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, GR
| | - Zisis Tsouris
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, GR
| | - Amalia Michalopoulou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, GR
| | - Alexios-Fotios A Mentis
- Department of Microbiology, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, GR.,Public Health Laboratories, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, GR
| | - Efthimios Dardiotis
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, GR
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Kurogi K, Yoshihama M, Williams FE, Kenmochi N, Sakakibara Y, Suiko M, Liu MC. Identification of zebrafish steroid sulfatase and comparative analysis of the enzymatic properties with human steroid sulfatase. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 185:110-117. [PMID: 30118815 PMCID: PMC6289849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 07/11/2018] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Steroid sulfatase (STS) plays an important role in the regulation of steroid hormones. Metabolism of steroid hormones in zebrafish has been investigated, but the action of steroid sulfatase remains unknown. In this study, a zebrafish sts was cloned, expressed, purified, and characterized in comparison with the orthologous human enzyme. Enzymatic assays demonstrated that similar to human STS, zebrafish Sts was most active in catalyzing the hydrolysis of estrone-sulfate and estradiol-sulfate, among five steroid sulfates tested as substrates. Kinetic analyses revealed that the Km values of zebrafish Sts and human STS differed with respective substrates, but the catalytic efficiency as reflected by the Vmax/Km appeared comparable, except for DHEA-sulfate with which zebrafish Sts appeared less efficient. While zebrafish Sts was catalytically active at 28 °C, the enzyme appeared more active at 37 °C and with similar Km values to those determined at 28 °C. Assays performed in the presence of different divalent cations showed that the activities of both zebrafish and human STSs were stimulated by Ca2+, Mg2+, and Mn2+, and inhibited by Zn+2 and Fe2+. EMATE and STX64, two known mammalian steroid sulafatase inhibitors, were shown to be capable of inhibiting the activity of zebrafish Sts. Collectively, the results obtained indicated that zebrafish Sts exhibited enzymatic characteristics comparable to the human STS, suggesting that the physiological function of STS may be conserved between zebrafish and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhisa Kurogi
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Maki Yoshihama
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA; Frontier Research Center, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Frederick E Williams
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA
| | - Naoya Kenmochi
- Frontier Research Center, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Yoichi Sakakibara
- Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Masahito Suiko
- Biochemistry and Applied Biosciences, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan
| | - Ming-Cheh Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Toledo Health Science Campus, Toledo, OH 43614, USA.
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Ma XL, He WY, Chen W, Xu XJ, Qi WP, Zou MM, You YC, Baxter SW, Wang P, You MS. Structure and expression of sulfatase and sulfatase modifying factor genes in the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella. INSECT SCIENCE 2018; 25:946-958. [PMID: 28569426 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.12487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.), uses sulfatases (SULF) to counteract the glucosinolate-myrosinase defensive system that cruciferous plants have evolved to deter insect feeding. Sulfatase activity is regulated by post-translational modification of a cysteine residue by sulfatase modifying factor 1 (SUMF1). We identified 12 SULF genes (PxylSulfs) and two SUMF1 genes (PxylSumf1s) in the P. xylostella genome. Phylogenetic analysis of SULFs and SUMFs from P. xylostella, Bombyx mori, Manduca sexta, Heliconius melpomene, Danaus plexippus, Drosophila melanogaster, Tetranychus urticae and Homo sapiens showed that the SULFs were clustered into five groups, and the SUMFs could be divided into two groups. Profiling of the expression of PxylSulfs and PxylSumfs by RNA-seq and by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction showed that two glucosinolate sulfatase genes (GSS), PxylSulf2 and PxylSulf3, were primarily expressed in the midgut of 3rd- and 4th-instar larvae. Moreover, expression of sulfatases PxylSulf2, PxylSulf3 and PxylSulf4 were correlated with expression of the sulfatases modifying factor PxylSumf1a. The findings from this study provide new insights into the structure and expression of SUMF1 and PxylSulf genes that are considered to be key factors for the evolutionary success of P. xylostella as a specialist herbivore of cruciferous plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei-Yi He
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xue-Jiao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
| | - Wei-Ping Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ming-Min Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan-Chun You
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
| | - Simon W Baxter
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Ping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY, USA
| | - Min-Sheng You
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian-Taiwan Joint Centre for Ecological Control of Crop Pests, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management for Fujian-Taiwan Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Fuzhou, China
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Abstract
Multiple sulfatase deficiency is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder due to a deficiency in formylglycine-generating enzyme, which is encoded by the Sulfatase Modifying Factor 1 ( SUMF1) gene. Clinically, the disorder is variable. The most common characteristics are developmental regression, intellectual disability, ichthyosis, and periventricular white matter disease. Herein, we report 6 Saudi patients with multiple sulfatase deficiency caused by a novel homozygous missense mutation in the SUMF1 gene (NM_182760.3; c.785A>G [p.Gln262Arg]). The patients are 2 females and 4 males between 5 and 13 years of age, with an age of onset of 1 to 3 years. All patients are consanguineous and suffer from developmental regression, intellectual disability, ichthyosis, and periventricular white matter disease. This cohort differs from previous cohorts because of the absence of organomegaly and skeletal abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leen Hijazi
- 1 King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amna Kashgari
- 1 King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,2 Department of Medical Imaging, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majid Alfadhel
- 1 King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,3 Division of Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah International Medical Research Centre, King Abdullah Specialized Children's Hospital, King Abdulaziz Medical City, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs (NGHA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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47
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Pimentel N, Rodríguez-Lopez A, Díaz S, Losada JC, Díaz-Rincón DJ, Cardona C, Espejo-Mojica ÁJ, Ramírez AM, Ruiz F, Landázuri P, Poutou-Piñales RA, Cordoba-Ruiz HA, Alméciga-Díaz CJ, Barrera-Avellaneda LA. Production and characterization of a human lysosomal recombinant iduronate-2-sulfatase produced in Pichia pastoris. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2018; 65:655-664. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pimentel
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Alexander Rodríguez-Lopez
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
- Chemical Department; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá D.C. Colombia
| | - Sergio Díaz
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Juan C. Losada
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Dennis J. Díaz-Rincón
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Carolina Cardona
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Ángela J. Espejo-Mojica
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Aura M. Ramírez
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Fredy Ruiz
- Control; Power Electronics and Management of Technological Innovation (CEPIT); Electronic Engineering Department; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá D.C. Colombia
| | - Patricia Landázuri
- Research Group on Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases (GECAVYME); Faculty of Health Sciences; University of Quindío; Armenia-Quindío Colombia
| | - Raúl A. Poutou-Piñales
- Grupo de Biotecnología Ambiental e Industrial (GBAI); Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá D.C. Colombia
| | - Henry A. Cordoba-Ruiz
- Chemical Department; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá D.C. Colombia
| | - Carlos J. Alméciga-Díaz
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
| | - Luis A. Barrera-Avellaneda
- Institute for the Study of Inborn Errors of Metabolism; Faculty of Science; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Bogotá Colombia
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48
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van Loo B, Schober M, Valkov E, Heberlein M, Bornberg-Bauer E, Faber K, Hyvönen M, Hollfelder F. Structural and Mechanistic Analysis of the Choline Sulfatase from Sinorhizobium melliloti: A Class I Sulfatase Specific for an Alkyl Sulfate Ester. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:1004-1023. [PMID: 29458126 PMCID: PMC5870055 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hydrolysis of organic sulfate esters proceeds by two distinct mechanisms, water attacking at either sulfur (S-O bond cleavage) or carbon (C-O bond cleavage). In primary and secondary alkyl sulfates, attack at carbon is favored, whereas in aromatic sulfates and sulfated sugars, attack at sulfur is preferred. This mechanistic distinction is mirrored in the classification of enzymes that catalyze sulfate ester hydrolysis: arylsulfatases (ASs) catalyze S-O cleavage in sulfate sugars and arylsulfates, and alkyl sulfatases break the C-O bond of alkyl sulfates. Sinorhizobium meliloti choline sulfatase (SmCS) efficiently catalyzes the hydrolysis of alkyl sulfate choline-O-sulfate (kcat/KM=4.8×103s-1M-1) as well as arylsulfate 4-nitrophenyl sulfate (kcat/KM=12s-1M-1). Its 2.8-Å resolution X-ray structure shows a buried, largely hydrophobic active site in which a conserved glutamate (Glu386) plays a role in recognition of the quaternary ammonium group of the choline substrate. SmCS structurally resembles members of the alkaline phosphatase superfamily, being most closely related to dimeric ASs and tetrameric phosphonate monoester hydrolases. Although >70% of the amino acids between protomers align structurally (RMSDs 1.79-1.99Å), the oligomeric structures show distinctly different packing and protomer-protomer interfaces. The latter also play an important role in active site formation. Mutagenesis of the conserved active site residues typical for ASs, H218O-labeling studies and the observation of catalytically promiscuous behavior toward phosphoesters confirm the close relation to alkaline phosphatase superfamily members and suggest that SmCS is an AS that catalyzes S-O cleavage in alkyl sulfate esters with extreme catalytic proficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert van Loo
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom; Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, Hüfferstrasse 1, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Markus Schober
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom; Department of Chemistry, Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Eugene Valkov
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom
| | - Magdalena Heberlein
- Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, Hüfferstrasse 1, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Erich Bornberg-Bauer
- Institute for Evolution and Biodiversity, University of Münster, Hüfferstrasse 1, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kurt Faber
- Department of Chemistry, Organic & Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Marko Hyvönen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom.
| | - Florian Hollfelder
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1GA, United Kingdom.
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49
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Ahrens-Nicklas R, Schlotawa L, Ballabio A, Brunetti-Pierri N, De Castro M, Dierks T, Eichler F, Ficicioglu C, Finglas A, Gaertner J, Kirmse B, Klepper J, Lee M, Olsen A, Parenti G, Vossough A, Vanderver A, Adang LA. Complex care of individuals with multiple sulfatase deficiency: Clinical cases and consensus statement. Mol Genet Metab 2018; 123:337-346. [PMID: 29397290 PMCID: PMC6856873 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2018.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sulfatase deficiency (MSD) is an ultra-rare neurodegenerative disorder that results in defective sulfatase post-translational modification. Sulfatases in the body are activated by a unique protein, formylglycine-generating enzyme (FGE) that is encoded by SUMF1. When FGE is absent or insufficient, all 17 known human sulfatases are affected, including the enzymes associated with metachromatic leukodystrophy (MLD), several mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS II, IIIA, IIID, IVA, VI), chondrodysplasia punctata, and X-linked ichthyosis. As such, individuals demonstrate a complex and severe clinical phenotype that has not been fully characterized to date. In this report, we describe two individuals with distinct clinical presentations of MSD. Also, we detail a comprehensive systems-based approach to the management of individuals with MSD, from the initial diagnostic evaluation to unique multisystem issues and potential management options. As there have been no natural history studies to date, the recommendations within this report are based on published studies and consensus opinion and underscore the need for future research on evidence-based outcomes to improve management of children with MSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Ahrens-Nicklas
- Division of Human Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Lars Schlotawa
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Andrea Ballabio
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Nicola Brunetti-Pierri
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
| | - Mauricio De Castro
- United States Air Force Medical Genetics Center, 81st Medical Group, Keesler AFB, MS, USA
| | - Thomas Dierks
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biochemistry I, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Florian Eichler
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Can Ficicioglu
- Division of Human Genetics and Metabolism, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Jutta Gaertner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Medical Center Göttingen, Germany
| | - Brian Kirmse
- Department of Pediatrics, Genetic and Metabolism, University of Mississippi Medical Center, USA
| | - Joerg Klepper
- Department of Pediatrics and Neuropediatrics, Children's Hospital, Klinikum Aschaffenburg-Alzenau, Germany
| | - Marcus Lee
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Children's of Mississippi, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Biloxi, MS, USA
| | | | - Giancarlo Parenti
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine, Pozzuoli, Italy; Department of Translational Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Italy
| | - Arastoo Vossough
- Division of Neuroradiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Adeline Vanderver
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Laura A Adang
- Division of Neurology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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50
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Chang KT, Guo J, di Ronza A, Sardiello M. Aminode: Identification of Evolutionary Constraints in the Human Proteome. Sci Rep 2018; 8:1357. [PMID: 29358731 PMCID: PMC5778061 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-19744-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Evolutionarily constrained regions (ECRs) are a hallmark for sites of critical importance for a protein's structure or function. ECRs can be inferred by comparing the amino acid sequences from multiple protein homologs in the context of the evolutionary relationships that link the analyzed proteins. The compilation and analysis of the datasets required to infer ECRs, however, are time consuming and require skills in coding and bioinformatics, which can limit the use of ECR analysis in the biomedical community. Here, we developed Aminode, a user-friendly webtool for the routine and rapid inference of ECRs. Aminode is pre-loaded with the results of the analysis of the whole human proteome compared with proteomes from 62 additional vertebrate species. Profiles of the relative rates of amino acid substitution and ECR maps of human proteins are available for immediate search and download on the Aminode website. Aminode can also be used for custom analyses of protein families of interest. Interestingly, mapping of known missense variants shows great enrichment of pathogenic variants and depletion of non-pathogenic variants in Aminode-generated ECRs, suggesting that ECR analysis may help evaluate the potential pathogenicity of variants of unknown significance. Aminode is freely available at http://www.aminode.org .
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin T Chang
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Junyan Guo
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- Microsoft Corporation, 1 Microsoft Way, Redmond, WA, 98052, USA
| | - Alberto di Ronza
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Marco Sardiello
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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