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Mirian C, Thastrup M, Mathiasen R, Schmiegelow K, Olsen JV, Østergaard O. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics of cerebrospinal fluid in pediatric central nervous system malignancies: a systematic review with meta-analysis of individual patient data. Fluids Barriers CNS 2024; 21:14. [PMID: 38350915 PMCID: PMC10863112 DOI: 10.1186/s12987-024-00515-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) proteome could offer important insights into central nervous system (CNS) malignancies. To advance proteomic research in pediatric CNS cancer, the current study aims to (1) evaluate past mass spectrometry-based workflows and (2) synthesize previous CSF proteomic data, focusing on both qualitative summaries and quantitative re-analysis. MAIN: In our analysis of 11 studies investigating the CSF proteome in pediatric patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or primary brain tumors, we observed significant methodological variability. This variability negatively affects comparative analysis of the included studies, as per GRADE criteria for quality of evidence. The qualitative summaries covered 161 patients and 134 non-tumor controls, while the application of validation cohort varied among the studies. The quantitative re-analysis comprised 15 B-ALL vs 6 "healthy" controls and 15 medulloblastoma patients vs 22 non-tumor controls. Certain CSF proteins were identified as potential indicators of specific malignancies or stages of neurotoxicity during chemotherapy, yet definitive conclusions were impeded by inconsistent data. There were no proteins with statistically significant differences when comparing cases versus controls that were corroborated across studies where quantitative reanalysis was feasible. From a gene ontology enrichment, we observed that age disparities between unmatched case and controls may mislead to protein correlations more indicative of age-related CNS developmental stages rather than neuro-oncological disease. Despite efforts to batch correct (HarmonizR) and impute missing values, merging of dataset proved unfeasible and thereby limited meaningful data integration across different studies. CONCLUSION Infrequent publications on rare pediatric cancer entities, which often involve small sample sizes, are inherently prone to result in heterogeneous studies-particularly when conducted within a rapidly evolving field like proteomics. As a result, obtaining clear evidence, such as CSF proteome biomarkers for CNS dissemination or early-stage neurotoxicity, is currently impractical. Our general recommendations comprise the need for standardized methodologies, collaborative efforts, and improved data sharing in pediatric CNS malignancy research. We specifically emphasize the possible importance of considering natural age-related variations in CSF due to different CNS development stages when matching cases and controls in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mirian
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Maria Thastrup
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - René Mathiasen
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kjeld Schmiegelow
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Velgaard Olsen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Ole Østergaard
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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2
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Zhang X, Lee W, Bian JS. Recent Advances in the Study of Na +/K +-ATPase in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11244075. [PMID: 36552839 PMCID: PMC9777075 DOI: 10.3390/cells11244075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA), a large transmembrane protein, is expressed in the plasma membrane of most eukaryotic cells. It maintains resting membrane potential, cell volume and secondary transcellular transport of other ions and neurotransmitters. NKA consumes about half of the ATP molecules in the brain, which makes NKA highly sensitive to energy deficiency. Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are a group of diseases characterized by chronic, progressive and irreversible neuronal loss in specific brain areas. The pathogenesis of NDDs is sophisticated, involving protein misfolding and aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. The protective effect of NKA against NDDs has been emerging gradually in the past few decades. Hence, understanding the role of NKA in NDDs is critical for elucidating the underlying pathophysiology of NDDs and identifying new therapeutic targets. The present review focuses on the recent progress involving different aspects of NKA in cellular homeostasis to present in-depth understanding of this unique protein. Moreover, the essential roles of NKA in NDDs are discussed to provide a platform and bright future for the improvement of clinical research in NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Weithye Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore
| | - Jin-Song Bian
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Correspondence:
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Yu L, Peng G, Yuan Y, Tang M, Liu P, Liu X, Ni J, Li Y, Ji C, Fan Z, Zhu W, Luo B, Ke Q. ATP1A3 mutation in rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism: New data and genotype-phenotype correlation analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:933893. [PMID: 35978945 PMCID: PMC9376385 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.933893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism (RDP) is a rare disease caused by ATP1A3 mutation with considerable clinical heterogeneity. Increased knowledge of RDP could be beneficial in its early diagnosis and treatment. Objective This study aimed to summarize the gene mutation spectrum of ATP1A3 associated with RDP, and to explore the correlation of ATP1A3 variants with RDP clinical phenotypes. Methods In this study, we reported two RDP patients from a family with a novel inherited ATP1A3 variant. Then, we reviewed and analyzed the available literature in English focused on ATP1A3-causative RDP. A total of 35 articles covering 15 families (59 patients) and 36 sporadic RDP cases were included in our analysis. Results The variant A813V (2438C>T) in ATP1A3 found in our cases was a novel mutant. Delays in diagnosis were common, with a mean delay time of 14 years. ATP1A3 had distinct RDP-related mutation hotspots, which consisted of exon8, 14, 17, and 18, and the most frequently occurring variants were T613M and I578S. Approximately 74.5% of patients have specific triggers before disease onset, and 82.1% of RDPs have stable symptoms within 1 month. The incidence rates of dystonia and bradykinesia are 100 and 88.1%, respectively. The onset site varied and exhibited a rostrocaudal gradient distribution pattern in 45% of patients with RDP. Approximately 63.6% of patients had mild improvement after receiving comprehensive interventions, especially in gait disturbance amelioration. Conclusion In patients with acute and unexplained dystonia or bradykinesia, gene screening on ATP1A3 should be timely performed. When a diagnosis has been made, treatments that may be effective are to be attempted. Our study would be helpful for the early diagnosis and treatment of ATP1T3-related RDP.
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Chasapis CT, Kelaidonis K, Ridgway H, Apostolopoulos V, Matsoukas JM. The Human Myelin Proteome and Sub-Metalloproteome Interaction Map: Relevance to Myelin-Related Neurological Diseases. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12040434. [PMID: 35447967 PMCID: PMC9029312 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12040434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelin in humans is composed of about 80% lipids and 20% protein. Initially, myelin protein composition was considered low, but various recent proteome analyses have identified additional myelin proteins. Although, the myelin proteome is qualitatively and quantitatively identified through complementary proteomic approaches, the corresponding Protein–Protein Interaction (PPI) network of myelin is not yet available. In the present work, the PPI network was constructed based on available experimentally supported protein interactions of myelin in PPI databases. The network comprised 2017 PPIs between 567 myelin proteins. Interestingly, structure-based in silico analysis revealed that 20% of the myelin proteins that are interconnected in the proposed PPI network are metal-binding proteins/enzymes that construct the main sub-PPI network of myelin proteome. Finally, the PPI networks of the myelin proteome and sub-metalloproteome were analyzed ontologically to identify the biochemical processes of the myelin proteins and the interconnectivity of myelin-associated diseases in the interactomes. The presented PPI dataset could provide a useful resource to the scientific community to further our understanding of human myelin biology and serve as a basis for future studies of myelin-related neurological diseases and particular autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis where myelin epitopes are implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos T. Chasapis
- NMR Facility, Instrumental Analysis Laboratory, School of Natural Sciences, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
- Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences, Foundation for Research and Technology, Hellas (FORTH/ICE-HT), 26504 Patras, Greece
- Correspondence: (C.T.C.); (J.M.M.)
| | | | - Harry Ridgway
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia;
- AquaMem Scientific Consultants, Rodeo, NM 88056, USA
| | - Vasso Apostolopoulos
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia;
- Immunology Program, Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), Melbourne, VIC 3021, Australia
| | - John M. Matsoukas
- NewDrug PC, Patras Science Park, 26504 Patras, Greece;
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 3030, Australia;
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
- Correspondence: (C.T.C.); (J.M.M.)
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5
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Wang W, Li J, Lan L, Xie L, Xiong F, Guan J, Wang H, Wang Q. Auditory Neuropathy as the Initial Phenotype for Patients With ATP1A3 c.2452 G > A: Genotype-Phenotype Study and CI Management. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:749484. [PMID: 34692702 PMCID: PMC8531511 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.749484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the genotype–phenotype correlation of patients with auditory neuropathy (AN), which is a clinical condition featuring normal cochlear responses and abnormal neural responses, and ATP1A3 c.2452 G > A (p.E818K), which has been generally recognized as a genetic cause of cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, pes cavus, optic atrophy, and sensorineural hearing loss (CAPOS) syndrome. Methods: Four patients diagnosed as AN by clinical evaluation and otoacoustic emission and auditory brainstem responses were recruited and analyzed by next-generation sequencing to identify candidate disease-causing variants. Sanger sequencing was performed on the patients and their parents to verify the results, and short tandem repeat-based testing was conducted to confirm the biological relationship between the parents and the patients. Furthermore, cochlear implantation (CI) was performed in one AN patient to reconstruct hearing. Results: Four subjects with AN were identified to share a de novo variant, p.E818K in the ATP1A3 gene. Except for the AN phenotype, patients 1 and 2 exhibited varying degrees of neurological symptoms, implying that they can be diagnosed as CAPOS syndrome. During the 15 years follow-up of patient 1, we observed delayed neurological events and progressive bilateral sensorineural hearing loss in pure tone threshold (pure tone audiometry, PTA). Patient 2 underwent CI on his left ear, and the result was poor. The other two patients (patient 3 and patient 4, who were 8 and 6 years old, respectively) denied any neurological symptoms. Conclusion:ATP1A3 p.E818K has rarely been documented in the Chinese AN population. Our study confirms that p.E818K in the ATP1A3 gene is a multiethnic cause of AN in Chinese individuals. Our study further demonstrates the significance of genetic testing for this specific mutation for identifying the special subtype of AN with somewhat favorable CI outcome and offers a more accurate genetic counseling about the specific de novo mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjia Wang
- College of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jin Li
- College of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Lan Lan
- College of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Linyi Xie
- College of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Fen Xiong
- College of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Guan
- College of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyang Wang
- College of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Qiuju Wang
- College of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Otolaryngology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Otolaryngologic Diseases, Beijing, China
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6
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Ng HWY, Ogbeta JA, Clapcote SJ. Genetically altered animal models for ATP1A3-related disorders. Dis Model Mech 2021; 14:272403. [PMID: 34612482 PMCID: PMC8503543 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.048938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the past 20 years, particularly with the advent of exome sequencing technologies, autosomal dominant and de novo mutations in the gene encoding the neurone-specific α3 subunit of the Na+,K+-ATPase (NKA α3) pump, ATP1A3, have been identified as the cause of a phenotypic continuum of rare neurological disorders. These allelic disorders of ATP1A3 include (in approximate order of severity/disability and onset in childhood development): polymicrogyria; alternating hemiplegia of childhood; cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, pes cavus, optic atrophy and sensorineural hearing loss syndrome; relapsing encephalopathy with cerebellar ataxia; and rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism. Some patients present intermediate, atypical or combined phenotypes. As these disorders are currently difficult to treat, there is an unmet need for more effective therapies. The molecular mechanisms through which mutations in ATP1A3 result in a broad range of neurological symptoms are poorly understood. However, in vivo comparative studies using genetically altered model organisms can provide insight into the biological consequences of the disease-causing mutations in NKA α3. Herein, we review the existing mouse, zebrafish, Drosophila and Caenorhabditis elegans models used to study ATP1A3-related disorders, and discuss their potential contribution towards the understanding of disease mechanisms and development of novel therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah W Y Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Jennifer A Ogbeta
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Steven J Clapcote
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.,European Network for Research on Alternating Hemiplegia (ENRAH), 1120 Vienna, Austria
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7
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Lazarov E, Hillebrand M, Schröder S, Ternka K, Hofhuis J, Ohlenbusch A, Barrantes-Freer A, Pardo LA, Fruergaard MU, Nissen P, Brockmann K, Gärtner J, Rosewich H. Comparative analysis of alternating hemiplegia of childhood and rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism ATP1A3 mutations reveals functional deficits, which do not correlate with disease severity. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 143:105012. [PMID: 32653672 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.105012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Heterozygous mutations in the ATP1A3 gene, coding for an alpha subunit isoform (α3) of Na+/K+-ATPase, are the primary genetic cause for rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism (RDP) and alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC). Recently, cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, pes cavus, optic atrophy and sensorineural hearing loss (CAPOS), early infantile epileptic encephalopathy (EIEE), childhood rapid onset ataxia (CROA) and relapsing encephalopathy with rapid onset ataxia (RECA) extend the clinical spectrum of ATP1A3 related disorders. AHC and RDP demonstrate distinct clinical features, with AHC symptoms being generally more severe compared to RDP. Currently, it is largely unknown what determines the disease severity, and whether severity is linked to the degree of functional impairment of the α3 subunit. Here we compared the effect of twelve different RDP and AHC specific mutations on the expression and function of the α3 Na+/K+-ATPase in transfected HEK cells and oocytes. All studied mutations led to functional impairment of the pump, as reflected by lower survival rate and reduced pump current. No difference in the extent of impairment, nor in the expression level, was found between the two phenotypes, suggesting that these measures of pump dysfunction do not exclusively determine the disease severity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elinor Lazarov
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
| | - Merle Hillebrand
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
| | - Simone Schröder
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
| | - Katharina Ternka
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
| | - Julia Hofhuis
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
| | - Andreas Ohlenbusch
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
| | | | - Luis A Pardo
- Department of Molecular Biology of Neuronal Signals, Max Planck Institute of Experimental Medicine, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Marlene U Fruergaard
- DANDRITE - Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Dept. Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Poul Nissen
- DANDRITE - Nordic EMBL Partnership for Molecular Medicine, Dept. Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Knut Brockmann
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
| | - Jutta Gärtner
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
| | - Hendrik Rosewich
- University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg August University, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Division of Pediatric Neurology, Germany.
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Capuano A, Garone G, Tiralongo G, Graziola F. Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood: Understanding the Genotype-Phenotype Relationship of ATP1A3 Variations. APPLICATION OF CLINICAL GENETICS 2020; 13:71-81. [PMID: 32280259 PMCID: PMC7125306 DOI: 10.2147/tacg.s210325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) is a rare neurological disorder affecting children with an onset before 18 months. Diagnostic clues include transient episodes of hemiplegia alternating in the laterality or quadriparesis, nystagmus and other paroxysmal attacks as tonic and dystonic spells. Epilepsy is also a common feature. In the past, a great effort has been done to understand the genetic basis of the disease leading to the discovery of mutations in the ATP1A3 gene encoding for the alpha3 subunit of Na+/K+ATPase, a protein already related to another disease named Rapid Onset Dystonia Parkinsonism (RDP). ATP1A3 mutations account for more than 70% of cases of AHC. In particular, three hotspot mutations account for about 60% of all cases, and these data have been confirmed in large population studies. Specifically, the p.Asp801Asn variant has been found to cause 30–43% of all cases, p.Glu815Lys is responsible for 16–35% of cases and p.Gly947Arg accounts for 8–15%. These three mutations are associated with different clinical phenotype in terms of symptoms, severity and prognosis. In vitro and in vivo models reveal that a crucial role of Na+/K+ATPase pump activity emerges in maintaining a correct membrane potential, survival and homeostasis of neurons. Herein, we attempt to summarize all clinical, genetic and molecular aspects of AHC considering ATP1A3 as its primary disease-causing determinant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Capuano
- Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Garone
- Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.,University Hospital Pediatric Department, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tiralongo
- Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Graziola
- Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neuroscience and Neurorehabilitation, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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9
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Panagiotakaki E, Doummar D, Nogue E, Nagot N, Lesca G, Riant F, Nicole S, Delaygue C, Barthez MA, Nassogne MC, Dusser A, Vallée L, Billette T, Bourgeois M, Ioos C, Gitiaux C, Laroche C, Milh M, Portes VD, Arzimanoglou A, Roubertie A. Movement disorders in patients with alternating hemiplegia: "Soft" and "stiff" at the same time. Neurology 2020; 94:e1378-e1385. [PMID: 32123049 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000009175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess nonparoxysmal movement disorders in ATP1A3 mutation-positive patients with alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC). METHODS Twenty-eight patients underwent neurologic examination with particular focus on movement phenomenology by a specialist in movement disorders. Video recordings were reviewed by another movement disorders specialist and data were correlated with patients' characteristics. RESULTS Ten patients were diagnosed with chorea, 16 with dystonia (nonparoxysmal), 4 with myoclonus, and 2 with ataxia. Nine patients had more than one movement disorder and 8 patients had none. The degree of movement disorder was moderate to severe in 12/28 patients. At inclusion, dystonic patients (n = 16) were older (p = 0.007) than nondystonic patients. Moreover, patients (n = 18) with dystonia or chorea, or both, had earlier disease onset (p = 0.042) and more severe neurologic impairment (p = 0.012), but this did not correlate with genotype. All patients presented with hypotonia, which was characterized as moderate or severe in 16/28. Patients with dystonia or chorea (n = 18) had more pronounced hypotonia (p = 0.011). Bradykinesia (n = 16) was associated with an early age at assessment (p < 0.01). Significant dysarthria was diagnosed in 11/25 cases. A history of acute neurologic deterioration and further regression of motor function, typically after a stressful event, was reported in 7 patients. CONCLUSIONS Despite the relatively limited number of patients and the cross-sectional nature of the study, this detailed categorization of movement disorders in patients with AHC offers valuable insight into their precise characterization. Further longitudinal studies on this topic are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Panagiotakaki
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Diane Doummar
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Erika Nogue
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Nagot
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Gaetan Lesca
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Florence Riant
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Sophie Nicole
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Charlene Delaygue
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Anne Barthez
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Cécile Nassogne
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Anne Dusser
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Louis Vallée
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Thierry Billette
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Marie Bourgeois
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Christine Ioos
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Cyril Gitiaux
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Cécile Laroche
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Mathieu Milh
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Vincent Des Portes
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Alexis Arzimanoglou
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France
| | - Agathe Roubertie
- From Sleep Disorders and Functional Neurology (E.P., A.A.), Department of Paediatric Clinical Epileptology, University Hospitals of Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (D.D., T.B.), Hôpital Trousseau, APHP, Paris; Centre d'Investigation Clinique (E.N., N.N.), CHU Montpellier; Department of Medical Genetics (G.L.), Centre de Biologie Est, Lyon University Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon, member of the ERN EpiCARE; Laboratoire de Génétique (F.R.), Groupe Hospitalier Lariboisière-Fernand Widal AP-HP, Paris; IGF (S.N.), Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM; Département de Neuropédiatrie (C.D., A.R.), CHU Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier; Service de Neuropédiatrie et Handicaps (M.A.B.), Hôpital Gatien de Clocheville, CHU Tours, France; Pediatric Neurology Unit (M.C.N.), Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium; Service de Neuropédiatrie (A.D.), CHU de Bicêtre, Kremlin-Bicêtre; Service de Neuropédiatrie (L.V.), CHU Lille; Service de Neurochirurgie Pédiatrique (M.B.), Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, APHP, Paris; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (C.I.), Hôpital Raymond Poincarré, AP-HP, Garches; Service de Neurophysiologie (C.G.), Hôpital Necker, AP-HP, Paris; Département de Pédiatrie (C.L.), CHU Limoges; Service de Neurologie Pédiatrique (M.M.), CHU Timone Enfants, Marseille; Centre de Référence "Déficiences Intellectuelles de Causes Rares" (V.D.P.), Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Bron, Université de Lyon; and INSERM U 1051 (A.R.), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier, France.
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10
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Lang C, Campbell KR, Ryan BJ, Carling P, Attar M, Vowles J, Perestenko OV, Bowden R, Baig F, Kasten M, Hu MT, Cowley SA, Webber C, Wade-Martins R. Single-Cell Sequencing of iPSC-Dopamine Neurons Reconstructs Disease Progression and Identifies HDAC4 as a Regulator of Parkinson Cell Phenotypes. Cell Stem Cell 2019; 24:93-106.e6. [PMID: 30503143 PMCID: PMC6327112 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2018.10.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived dopamine neurons provide an opportunity to model Parkinson's disease (PD), but neuronal cultures are confounded by asynchronous and heterogeneous appearance of disease phenotypes in vitro. Using high-resolution, single-cell transcriptomic analyses of iPSC-derived dopamine neurons carrying the GBA-N370S PD risk variant, we identified a progressive axis of gene expression variation leading to endoplasmic reticulum stress. Pseudotime analysis of genes differentially expressed (DE) along this axis identified the transcriptional repressor histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) as an upstream regulator of disease progression. HDAC4 was mislocalized to the nucleus in PD iPSC-derived dopamine neurons and repressed genes early in the disease axis, leading to late deficits in protein homeostasis. Treatment of iPSC-derived dopamine neurons with HDAC4-modulating compounds upregulated genes early in the DE axis and corrected PD-related cellular phenotypes. Our study demonstrates how single-cell transcriptomics can exploit cellular heterogeneity to reveal disease mechanisms and identify therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charmaine Lang
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Kieran R Campbell
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK; The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Brent J Ryan
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Phillippa Carling
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK
| | - Moustafa Attar
- The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jane Vowles
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Olga V Perestenko
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Rory Bowden
- The Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Fahd Baig
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Meike Kasten
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy and Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Michele T Hu
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sally A Cowley
- Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK
| | - Caleb Webber
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK.
| | - Richard Wade-Martins
- Oxford Parkinson's Disease Centre, Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, UK.
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11
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Shrivastava AN, Triller A, Melki R. Cell biology and dynamics of Neuronal Na +/K +-ATPase in health and diseases. Neuropharmacology 2018; 169:107461. [PMID: 30550795 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal Na+/K+-ATPase is responsible for the maintenance of ionic gradient across plasma membrane. In doing so, in a healthy brain, Na+/K+-ATPase activity accounts for nearly half of total brain energy consumption. The α3-subunit containing Na+/K+-ATPase expression is restricted to neurons. Heterozygous mutations within α3-subunit leads to Rapid-onset Dystonia Parkinsonism, Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood and other neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. Additionally, proteins such as α-synuclein, amyloid-β, tau and SOD1 whose aggregation is associated to neurodegenerative diseases directly bind and impair α3-Na+/K+-ATPase activity. The review will provide a summary of neuronal α3-Na+/K+-ATPase functional properties, expression pattern, protein-protein interactions at the plasma membrane, biophysical properties (distribution and lateral diffusion). Lastly, the role of α3-Na+/K+-ATPase in neurological and neurodegenerative disorders will be discussed. This article is part of the special issue entitled 'Mobility and trafficking of neuronal membrane proteins'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amulya Nidhi Shrivastava
- CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases (U9199), 18 Route du Panorama, 92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France.
| | - Antoine Triller
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), École Normale Supérieure, INSERM, CNRS, PSL, Research University, 46 Rue d'Ulm, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Ronald Melki
- CEA, Institut François Jacob (MIRcen) and CNRS, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases (U9199), 18 Route du Panorama, 92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
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12
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Carecchio M, Zorzi G, Ragona F, Zibordi F, Nardocci N. ATP1A3-related disorders: An update. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2018; 22:257-263. [PMID: 29291920 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2017.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood (AHC), Rapid-onset Dystonia Parkinsonism (RDP) and CAPOS syndrome (cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, pes cavus, optic atrophy, and sensorineural hearing loss) are three distinct, yet partially overlapping clinical syndromes that have long been thought to be allelic disorders. From 2004 to 2012, both autosomal dominant and de novo mutations in ATP1A3 have been detected in patients affected by these three conditions. Growing evidence suggests that AHC, RDP and CAPOS syndrome are part of a large and continuously expanding clinical spectrum and share some recurrent clinical features, such as abrupt-onset, asymmetric anatomical distribution and the presence of triggering factors, which are highly suggestive of ATP1A3 mutations. In this review, we will highlight the main clinical and genetic features of ATP1A3-related disorders focussing on shared and distinct features that can be helpful in clinical practice to individuate mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miryam Carecchio
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Via Celoria 11, 20131 Milan, Italy; Molecular Neurogenetics Unit, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Via L. Temolo 4, 20126 Milan, Italy; Department of Medicine and Surgery, PhD Programme in Molecular and Translational Medicine, Milan Bicocca University, Via Cadore 48, 20900 Monza, Italy
| | - Giovanna Zorzi
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Via Celoria 11, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Ragona
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Via Celoria 11, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Zibordi
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Via Celoria 11, 20131 Milan, Italy
| | - Nardo Nardocci
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, IRCCS Foundation Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Via Celoria 11, 20131 Milan, Italy.
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13
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Kaur R, Sharma A, Sodhi M, Swami SK, Sharma VL, Kumari P, Verma P, Mukesh M. Sequence characterization of alpha 1 isoform (ATP1A1) of Na+/K+-ATPase gene and expression characteristics of its major isoforms across tissues of riverine buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). GENE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Rosewich H, Sweney MT, DeBrosse S, Ess K, Ozelius L, Andermann E, Andermann F, Andrasco G, Belgrade A, Brashear A, Ciccodicola S, Egan L, George AL, Lewelt A, Magelby J, Merida M, Newcomb T, Platt V, Poncelin D, Reyna S, Sasaki M, Sotero de Menezes M, Sweadner K, Viollet L, Zupanc M, Silver K, Swoboda K. Research conference summary from the 2014 International Task Force on ATP1A3-Related Disorders. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2017; 3:e139. [PMID: 28293679 PMCID: PMC5335249 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: ATP1A3-related neurologic disorders encompass a broad range of phenotypes that extend well beyond initial phenotypic criteria associated with alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) and rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism. Methods: In 2014, the Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation hosted a multidisciplinary workshop intended to address fundamental challenges surrounding the diagnosis and management of individuals with ATP1A3-related disorders. Results: Workshop attendees were charged with the following: (1) to achieve consensus on expanded diagnostic criteria to facilitate the identification of additional patients, intended to supplement existing syndrome-specific diagnostic paradigms; (2) to standardize definitions for the broad range of paroxysmal manifestations associated with AHC to disseminate to families; (3) to create clinical recommendations for common recurrent issues facing families and medical care providers; (4) to review data related to the death of individuals in the Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation database to guide future efforts in identifying at-risk subjects and potential preventative measures; and (5) to identify critical gaps where we most need to focus national and international research efforts. Conclusions: This report summarizes recommendations of the workshop committee, highlighting the key phenotypic features to facilitate the diagnosis of possible ATP1A3 mutations, providing recommendations for genetic testing, and outlining initial acute management for common recurrent clinical conditions, including epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Rosewich
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Matthew T Sweney
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Suzanne DeBrosse
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Kevin Ess
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Laurie Ozelius
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Eva Andermann
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Frederick Andermann
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Gene Andrasco
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Alice Belgrade
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Allison Brashear
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Sharon Ciccodicola
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Lynn Egan
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Alfred L George
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Aga Lewelt
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Joshua Magelby
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Mario Merida
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Tara Newcomb
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Vicky Platt
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Dominic Poncelin
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Sandra Reyna
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Masayuki Sasaki
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Marcio Sotero de Menezes
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Kathleen Sweadner
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Louis Viollet
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Mary Zupanc
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Kenneth Silver
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
| | - Kathryn Swoboda
- Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Neurology (H.R.), Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany; Division of Clinical Genetics (L.V.), Department of Pediatrics (T.N., M.T.S.) and Department of Neurology (M.T.S.), University of Utah, Salt Lake City; Center for Human Genetics (S.D.), University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Division of Pediatric Neurology (K.E.), Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN; Center for Human Genetics Research (L.O., M.M., K. Swoboda), Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston; Neurogenetics Unit (E.A.) and Epilepsy Research Group (E.A., F.A.), Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute; Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery (E.A., F.A.), Department of Human Genetics (E.A.), and Department of Pediatrics (F.A.), McGill University, Quebec, Canada; Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood Foundation (G.A., S.C., L.E., V.P.), Southfield, MI; BCBA (A. Belgrade), Belgrade Behavior Consulting, Chicago, IL; Department of Neurology (A. Brashear), Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC; Department of Pharmacology (A.L.G.), Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL; Department of Pediatrics (A.L.), University of Florida College of Medicine, Jacksonville; Integrative Neuropsychology (J.M.), Fairlawn, OH; Association Française de l'Hémiplégie Alternante (D.P.), Paris, France; Rare Disease Innovation Unit (S.R.), Clinical Development Program, Biogen, Cambridge, MA; Department of Child Neurology (M.S.), National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Kodaira, Japan; Swedish Neuroscience Institute (M.S.d.M.), Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA; Department of Neurosurgery (K. Sweadner), Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston; Neuroscience Institute (M.Z.), Children's Hospital of Orange County, CA; and Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology (K. Silver), University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL
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15
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Kanemasa H, Fukai R, Sakai Y, Torio M, Miyake N, Lee S, Ono H, Akamine S, Nishiyama K, Sanefuji M, Ishizaki Y, Torisu H, Saitsu H, Matsumoto N, Hara T. De novo p.Arg756Cys mutation of ATP1A3 causes an atypical form of alternating hemiplegia of childhood with prolonged paralysis and choreoathetosis. BMC Neurol 2016; 16:174. [PMID: 27634470 PMCID: PMC5025569 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-016-0680-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) is a rare neurological disorder that manifests recurrent attacks of hemiplegia, oculogyric, and choreoathetotic involuntary movements. De novo mutations in ATP1A3 cause three types of neurological diseases: AHC; rapid-onset dystonia-Parkinsonism (RDP); and cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, pes cavus, optic atrophy, and sensorineural hearing loss (CAPOS) syndromes. It remains to be determined whether or not a rare mutation in ATP1A3 may cause atypical phenotypes. Case presentation A 7-year-old boy presented with recurrent symptoms of generalized paralysis since 1 year and 5 months of age. Hypotonia, dystonia, and choreoathetosis persisted with exacerbation under febrile conditions, but no cerebellar ataxia had ever evolved in 6 years. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to determine his genetic background, and mutations were validated by the Sanger method. Crude protein extracts were prepared from the cultured cells, and expression of the wild-type or mutant ATP1A3 proteins were analyzed by Western blotting. WES identified a de novo pathogenic mutation in ATP1A3 (c.2266C > T:p.R756C) for this patient. A literature overview of two reported cases with p.R756C and p.R756H mutations showed both overlapping and distinct phenotypes when compared with those of the present case. The expression of the mutant form (R756C) of ATP1A3 did not differ markedly from that of the wild-type and D801N proteins. Conclusions This study confirmed that p.R756C mutation of ATP1A3 cause atypical forms of AHC-associated disorders. The wide spectra of neurological phenotypes in AHC are linked to as-yet-unknown deficits in the functions of mutant ATP1A3. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12883-016-0680-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hikaru Kanemasa
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ryoko Fukai
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yasunari Sakai
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Michiko Torio
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Noriko Miyake
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Sooyoung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Present address: Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ono
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Satoshi Akamine
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kei Nishiyama
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masafumi Sanefuji
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yoshito Ishizaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Torisu
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Present address: Section of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Fukuoka Dental College, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Saitsu
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.,Present address: Department of Biochemistry, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan
| | - Naomichi Matsumoto
- Department of Human Genetics, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Toshiro Hara
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.,Present address: Fukuoka Children's Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
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16
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Holm R, Toustrup-Jensen MS, Einholm AP, Schack VR, Andersen JP, Vilsen B. Neurological disease mutations of α3 Na +,K +-ATPase: Structural and functional perspectives and rescue of compromised function. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:1807-1828. [PMID: 27577505 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2016] [Revised: 08/19/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Na+,K+-ATPase creates transmembrane ion gradients crucial to the function of the central nervous system. The α-subunit of Na+,K+-ATPase exists as four isoforms (α1-α4). Several neurological phenotypes derive from α3 mutations. The effects of some of these mutations on Na+,K+-ATPase function have been studied in vitro. Here we discuss the α3 disease mutations as well as information derived from studies of corresponding mutations of α1 in the light of the high-resolution crystal structures of the Na+,K+-ATPase. A high proportion of the α3 disease mutations occur in the transmembrane sector and nearby regions essential to Na+ and K+ binding. In several cases the compromised function can be traced to disturbance of the Na+ specific binding site III. Recently, a secondary mutation was found to rescue the defective Na+ binding caused by a disease mutation. A perspective is that it may be possible to develop an efficient pharmaceutical mimicking the rescuing effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke Holm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | | | - Anja P Einholm
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Vivien R Schack
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Jens P Andersen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Bente Vilsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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17
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Kinoshita PF, Leite JA, Orellana AMM, Vasconcelos AR, Quintas LEM, Kawamoto EM, Scavone C. The Influence of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase on Glutamate Signaling in Neurodegenerative Diseases and Senescence. Front Physiol 2016; 7:195. [PMID: 27313535 PMCID: PMC4890531 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Decreased Na(+), K(+)-ATPase (NKA) activity causes energy deficiency, which is commonly observed in neurodegenerative diseases. The NKA is constituted of three subunits: α, β, and γ, with four distinct isoforms of the catalytic α subunit (α1-4). Genetic mutations in the ATP1A2 gene and ATP1A3 gene, encoding the α2 and α3 subunit isoforms, respectively can cause distinct neurological disorders, concurrent to impaired NKA activity. Within the central nervous system (CNS), the α2 isoform is expressed mostly in glial cells and the α3 isoform is neuron-specific. Mutations in ATP1A2 gene can result in familial hemiplegic migraine (FHM2), while mutations in the ATP1A3 gene can cause Rapid-onset dystonia-Parkinsonism (RDP) and alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC), as well as the cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, pescavus, optic atrophy and sensorineural hearing loss (CAPOS) syndrome. Data indicates that the central glutamatergic system is affected by mutations in the α2 isoform, however further investigations are required to establish a connection to mutations in the α3 isoform, especially given the diagnostic confusion and overlap with glutamate transporter disease. The age-related decline in brain α2∕3 activity may arise from changes in the cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) and cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) pathway. Glutamate, through nitric oxide synthase (NOS), cGMP and PKG, stimulates brain α2∕3 activity, with the glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor cascade able to drive an adaptive, neuroprotective response to inflammatory and challenging stimuli, including amyloid-β. Here we review the NKA, both as an ion pump as well as a receptor that interacts with NMDA, including the role of NKA subunits mutations. Failure of the NKA-associated adaptive response mechanisms may render neurons more susceptible to degeneration over the course of aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula F. Kinoshita
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jacqueline A. Leite
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria M. Orellana
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea R. Vasconcelos
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luis E. M. Quintas
- Laboratory of Biochemical and Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elisa M. Kawamoto
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cristoforo Scavone
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Science, University of São PauloSão Paulo, Brazil
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18
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Panagiotakaki E, De Grandis E, Stagnaro M, Heinzen EL, Fons C, Sisodiya S, de Vries B, Goubau C, Weckhuysen S, Kemlink D, Scheffer I, Lesca G, Rabilloud M, Klich A, Ramirez-Camacho A, Ulate-Campos A, Campistol J, Giannotta M, Moutard ML, Doummar D, Hubsch-Bonneaud C, Jaffer F, Cross H, Gurrieri F, Tiziano D, Nevsimalova S, Nicole S, Neville B, van den Maagdenberg AMJM, Mikati M, Goldstein DB, Vavassori R, Arzimanoglou A. Clinical profile of patients with ATP1A3 mutations in Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood-a study of 155 patients. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2015; 10:123. [PMID: 26410222 PMCID: PMC4583741 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-015-0335-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mutations in the gene ATP1A3 have recently been identified to be prevalent in patients with alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC2). Based on a large series of patients with AHC, we set out to identify the spectrum of different mutations within the ATP1A3 gene and further establish any correlation with phenotype. METHODS Clinical data from an international cohort of 155 AHC patients (84 females, 71 males; between 3 months and 52 years) were gathered using a specifically formulated questionnaire and analysed relative to the mutational ATP1A3 gene data for each patient. RESULTS In total, 34 different ATP1A3 mutations were detected in 85 % (132/155) patients, seven of which were novel. In general, mutations were found to cluster into five different regions. The most frequent mutations included: p.Asp801Asn (43 %; 57/132), p.Glu815Lys (16 %; 22/132), and p.Gly947Arg (11 %; 15/132). Of these, p.Glu815Lys was associated with a severe phenotype, with more severe intellectual and motor disability. p.Asp801Asn appeared to confer a milder phenotypic expression, and p.Gly947Arg appeared to correlate with the most favourable prognosis, compared to the other two frequent mutations. Overall, the comparison of the clinical profiles suggested a gradient of severity between the three major mutations with differences in intellectual (p = 0.029) and motor (p = 0.039) disabilities being statistically significant. For patients with epilepsy, age at onset of seizures was earlier for patients with either p.Glu815Lys or p.Gly947Arg mutation, compared to those with p.Asp801Asn mutation (p < 0.001). With regards to the five mutation clusters, some clusters appeared to correlate with certain clinical phenotypes. No statistically significant clinical correlations were found between patients with and without ATP1A3 mutations. CONCLUSIONS Our results, demonstrate a highly variable clinical phenotype in patients with AHC2 that correlates with certain mutations and possibly clusters within the ATP1A3 gene. Our description of the clinical profile of patients with the most frequent mutations and the clinical picture of those with less common mutations confirms the results from previous studies, and further expands the spectrum of genotype-phenotype correlations. Our results may be useful to confirm diagnosis and may influence decisions to ensure appropriate early medical intervention in patients with AHC. They provide a stronger basis for the constitution of more homogeneous groups to be included in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Panagiotakaki
- Epilepsy, Sleep and Pediatric Neurophysiology Department (ESEFNP), University Hospitals of Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France.
| | - Elisa De Grandis
- Department of Child Neuropsychiatry, G. Gaslini Hospital, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michela Stagnaro
- Department of Child Neuropsychiatry, G. Gaslini Hospital, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Erin L Heinzen
- Center for Human Genome Variation, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Carmen Fons
- Department of Child Neurology, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sanjay Sisodiya
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Boukje de Vries
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Christophe Goubau
- Department of Child Neurology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Sarah Weckhuysen
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Neurogenetics Group, VIB, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - David Kemlink
- Department of Neurology, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and Teaching Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ingrid Scheffer
- Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Austin Health, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Gaëtan Lesca
- Department of Genetics, University Hospitals of Lyon (HCL) and Claude Bernard Lyon I University, Lyon, France.,Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL), CNRS UMR 5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon, France
| | - Muriel Rabilloud
- Biostatistics Department, University Hospitals of Lyon and UMR 5558, Lyon, France
| | - Amna Klich
- Biostatistics Department, University Hospitals of Lyon and UMR 5558, Lyon, France
| | - Alia Ramirez-Camacho
- Epilepsy, Sleep and Pediatric Neurophysiology Department (ESEFNP), University Hospitals of Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France.,Department of Child Neurology, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Jaume Campistol
- Department of Child Neurology, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Marie-Laure Moutard
- Department of Child Neurology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | - Diane Doummar
- Department of Child Neurology, Armand Trousseau Hospital, APHP, Paris, France
| | | | - Fatima Jaffer
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK
| | - Helen Cross
- Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Fiorella Gurrieri
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Policlinics A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Danilo Tiziano
- Institute of Medical Genetics, University Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Policlinics A. Gemelli, Rome, Italy
| | - Sona Nevsimalova
- Department of Neurology, Charles University, First Faculty of Medicine and Teaching Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Sophie Nicole
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U975, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7225, Paris, France
| | - Brian Neville
- Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Arn M J M van den Maagdenberg
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Mohamad Mikati
- Division of Pediatric Neurology and Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - David B Goldstein
- Center for Human Genome Variation, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Rosaria Vavassori
- Associazione Italiana per la Sindrome di Emiplegia Alternante (A.I.S.EA Onlus), Lecco, Italy
| | - Alexis Arzimanoglou
- Epilepsy, Sleep and Pediatric Neurophysiology Department (ESEFNP), University Hospitals of Lyon (HCL), Lyon, France.,DYCOG team, Lyon Neuroscience Research Centre (CRNL), INSERM U1028; CNRS UMR 5292, Lyon, France
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19
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Viollet L, Glusman G, Murphy KJ, Newcomb TM, Reyna SP, Sweney M, Nelson B, Andermann F, Andermann E, Acsadi G, Barbano RL, Brown C, Brunkow ME, Chugani HT, Cheyette SR, Collins A, DeBrosse SD, Galas D, Friedman J, Hood L, Huff C, Jorde LB, King MD, LaSalle B, Leventer RJ, Lewelt AJ, Massart MB, Mérida MR, Ptáček LJ, Roach JC, Rust RS, Renault F, Sanger TD, Sotero de Menezes MA, Tennyson R, Uldall P, Zhang Y, Zupanc M, Xin W, Silver K, Swoboda KJ. Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood: Retrospective Genetic Study and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations in 187 Subjects from the US AHCF Registry. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127045. [PMID: 25996915 PMCID: PMC4440742 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in ATP1A3 cause Alternating Hemiplegia of Childhood (AHC) by disrupting function of the neuronal Na+/K+ ATPase. Published studies to date indicate 2 recurrent mutations, D801N and E815K, and a more severe phenotype in the E815K cohort. We performed mutation analysis and retrospective genotype-phenotype correlations in all eligible patients with AHC enrolled in the US AHC Foundation registry from 1997-2012. Clinical data were abstracted from standardized caregivers’ questionnaires and medical records and confirmed by expert clinicians. We identified ATP1A3 mutations by Sanger and whole genome sequencing, and compared phenotypes within and between 4 groups of subjects, those with D801N, E815K, other ATP1A3 or no ATP1A3 mutations. We identified heterozygous ATP1A3 mutations in 154 of 187 (82%) AHC patients. Of 34 unique mutations, 31 (91%) are missense, and 16 (47%) had not been previously reported. Concordant with prior studies, more than 2/3 of all mutations are clustered in exons 17 and 18. Of 143 simplex occurrences, 58 had D801N (40%), 38 had E815K (26%) and 11 had G937R (8%) mutations. Patients with an E815K mutation demonstrate an earlier age of onset, more severe motor impairment and a higher prevalence of status epilepticus. This study further expands the number and spectrum of ATP1A3 mutations associated with AHC and confirms a more deleterious effect of the E815K mutation on selected neurologic outcomes. However, the complexity of the disorder and the extensive phenotypic variability among subgroups merits caution and emphasizes the need for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Viollet
- Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Gustavo Glusman
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Kelley J. Murphy
- Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Tara M. Newcomb
- Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Sandra P. Reyna
- Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Matthew Sweney
- Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Benjamin Nelson
- Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Frederick Andermann
- Neurogenetics Unit, Montreal Neurologic Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal Quebec, Canada
| | - Eva Andermann
- Neurogenetics Unit, Montreal Neurologic Institute and Hospital, McGill University, Montreal Quebec, Canada
| | - Gyula Acsadi
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, Connecticut Children's Medical Center and University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Hartford, CT, United States of America
| | - Richard L. Barbano
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, New York, United States of America
| | - Candida Brown
- Diablo Valley Child Neurology, an affiliate of Stanford Health Alliance, Pleasant Hill, California, United States of America
| | - Mary E. Brunkow
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Harry T. Chugani
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Sarah R. Cheyette
- Department of Child Neurology, Palo Alto Medical Foundation Redwood City Clinic, Redwood City, California, United States of America
| | - Abigail Collins
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children’s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Suzanne D. DeBrosse
- Departments of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Pediatrics, and Neurology, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - David Galas
- Pacific Northwest Diabetes Research Institute, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jennifer Friedman
- Departments of Neuroscience and Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, United States of America
| | - Lee Hood
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Chad Huff
- Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Lynn B. Jorde
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Mary D. King
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, University College Dublin School of Medicine and Medical Science, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Bernie LaSalle
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Richard J. Leventer
- Children’s Neuroscience Centre, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, University of Melbourne Department of Paediatrics, The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne, Parkville Victoria, Australia
| | - Aga J. Lewelt
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine Jacksonville, University of Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Mylynda B. Massart
- Department of Family Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America
| | - Mario R. Mérida
- Stevens Henager College, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Louis J. Ptáček
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Jared C. Roach
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Robert S. Rust
- Center for Medical Ethics and Humanities in Medicine, University Of Virginia UVA health system, Charlottesville, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Francis Renault
- Departement de Neurophysiologie. Hopital Armand Trousseau APHP, Paris, France
| | - Terry D. Sanger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | | | - Rachel Tennyson
- Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Peter Uldall
- Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Juliane Marie Centre, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yue Zhang
- Study Design and Biostatistics Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
| | - Mary Zupanc
- Department of Neurology, Children’s Hospital Orange County, and Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Orange, California, United States of America
| | - Winnie Xin
- Center for Human Genetic Research, Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Kenneth Silver
- Departments of Pediatrics and Neurology, University of Chicago and Comer Children's Hospital, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Kathryn J. Swoboda
- Pediatric Motor Disorders Research Program, Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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20
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Sugimoto H, Ikeda K, Kawakami K. Heterozygous mice deficient in Atp1a3 exhibit motor deficits by chronic restraint stress. Behav Brain Res 2014; 272:100-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2014.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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21
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Oblak AL, Hagen MC, Sweadner KJ, Haq I, Whitlow CT, Maldjian JA, Epperson F, Cook JF, Stacy M, Murrell JR, Ozelius LJ, Brashear A, Ghetti B. Rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism associated with the I758S mutation of the ATP1A3 gene: a neuropathologic and neuroanatomical study of four siblings. Acta Neuropathol 2014; 128:81-98. [PMID: 24803225 PMCID: PMC4059967 DOI: 10.1007/s00401-014-1279-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism (RDP) is a movement disorder associated with mutations in the ATP1A3 gene. Signs and symptoms of RDP commonly occur in adolescence or early adulthood and can be triggered by physical or psychological stress. Mutations in ATP1A3 are also associated with alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC). The neuropathologic substrate of these conditions is unknown. The central nervous system of four siblings, three affected by RDP and one asymptomatic, all carrying the I758S mutation in the ATP1A3 gene, was analyzed. This neuropathologic study is the first carried out in ATP1A3 mutation carriers, whether affected by RDP or AHC. Symptoms began in the third decade of life for two subjects and in the fifth for another. The present investigation aimed at identifying, in mutation carriers, anatomical areas potentially affected and contributing to RDP pathogenesis. Comorbid conditions, including cerebrovascular disease and Alzheimer disease, were evident in all subjects. We evaluated areas that may be relevant to RDP separately from those affected by the comorbid conditions. Anatomical areas identified as potential targets of I758S mutation were globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, red nucleus, inferior olivary nucleus, cerebellar Purkinje and granule cell layers, and dentate nucleus. Involvement of subcortical white matter tracts was also evident. Furthermore, in the spinal cord, a loss of dorsal column fibers was noted. This study has identified RDP-associated pathology in neuronal populations, which are part of complex motor and sensory loops. Their involvement would cause an interruption of cerebral and cerebellar connections which are essential for maintenance of motor control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian L. Oblak
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Matthew C. Hagen
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH USA
| | - Kathleen J. Sweadner
- Department of Neurosurgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Ihtsham Haq
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Christopher T. Whitlow
- Department of Radiology (Neuroradiology), Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Joseph A. Maldjian
- Department of Radiology (Neuroradiology), Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Francine Epperson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Jared F. Cook
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Mark Stacy
- Department of Neurology, Duke University School of Medicine, Duke Health, Durham, NC USA
| | - Jill R. Murrell
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Laurie J. Ozelius
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY USA
| | - Allison Brashear
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Health, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Bernardino Ghetti
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
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22
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Heinzen EL, Arzimanoglou A, Brashear A, Clapcote SJ, Gurrieri F, Goldstein DB, Jóhannesson SH, Mikati MA, Neville B, Nicole S, Ozelius LJ, Poulsen H, Schyns T, Sweadner KJ, van den Maagdenberg A, Vilsen B. Distinct neurological disorders with ATP1A3 mutations. Lancet Neurol 2014; 13:503-14. [PMID: 24739246 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(14)70011-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Genetic research has shown that mutations that modify the protein-coding sequence of ATP1A3, the gene encoding the α3 subunit of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, cause both rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism and alternating hemiplegia of childhood. These discoveries link two clinically distinct neurological diseases to the same gene, however, ATP1A3 mutations are, with one exception, disease-specific. Although the exact mechanism of how these mutations lead to disease is still unknown, much knowledge has been gained about functional consequences of ATP1A3 mutations using a range of in-vitro and animal model systems, and the role of Na(+)/K(+)-ATPases in the brain. Researchers and clinicians are attempting to further characterise neurological manifestations associated with mutations in ATP1A3, and to build on the existing molecular knowledge to understand how specific mutations can lead to different diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin L Heinzen
- Center for Human Genome Variation, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Medicine, Section of Medical Genetics, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
| | - Alexis Arzimanoglou
- Epilepsy, Sleep and Pediatric Neurophysiology Department, HFME, University Hospitals of Lyon, France; Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 5292, INSERM U1028, Lyon, France
| | - Allison Brashear
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston Salem, NC, USA
| | | | - Fiorella Gurrieri
- Istituto di Genetica Medica, Università Cattolica S Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - David B Goldstein
- Center for Human Genome Variation, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Mohamad A Mikati
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Brian Neville
- Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Sophie Nicole
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U975, Centre de Recherche de l'Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle, Paris, France; Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7225, Paris, France; Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris VI, UMRS975, Paris, France
| | - Laurie J Ozelius
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences and Department of Neurology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hanne Poulsen
- Danish Research Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Nordic-EMBL Partnership of Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tsveta Schyns
- European Network for Research on Alternating Hemiplegia (ENRAH), Brussels, Belgium
| | | | - Arn van den Maagdenberg
- Department of Human Genetics and Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Bente Vilsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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van Veen S, Sørensen DM, Holemans T, Holen HW, Palmgren MG, Vangheluwe P. Cellular function and pathological role of ATP13A2 and related P-type transport ATPases in Parkinson's disease and other neurological disorders. Front Mol Neurosci 2014; 7:48. [PMID: 24904274 PMCID: PMC4033846 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2014.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in ATP13A2 lead to Kufor-Rakeb syndrome, a parkinsonism with dementia. ATP13A2 belongs to the P-type transport ATPases, a large family of primary active transporters that exert vital cellular functions. However, the cellular function and transported substrate of ATP13A2 remain unknown. To discuss the role of ATP13A2 in neurodegeneration, we first provide a short description of the architecture and transport mechanism of P-type transport ATPases. Then, we briefly highlight key P-type ATPases involved in neuronal disorders such as the copper transporters ATP7A (Menkes disease), ATP7B (Wilson disease), the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPases ATP1A2 (familial hemiplegic migraine) and ATP1A3 (rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism). Finally, we review the recent literature of ATP13A2 and discuss ATP13A2's putative cellular function in the light of what is known concerning the functions of other, better-studied P-type ATPases. We critically review the available data concerning the role of ATP13A2 in heavy metal transport and propose a possible alternative hypothesis that ATP13A2 might be a flippase. As a flippase, ATP13A2 may transport an organic molecule, such as a lipid or a peptide, from one membrane leaflet to the other. A flippase might control local lipid dynamics during vesicle formation and membrane fusion events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah van Veen
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven Leuven, Belgium
| | - Danny M Sørensen
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tine Holemans
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven Leuven, Belgium
| | - Henrik W Holen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease - PUMPkin, University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Michael G Palmgren
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease - PUMPkin, University of Copenhagen Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Peter Vangheluwe
- Laboratory of Cellular Transport Systems, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven Leuven, Belgium
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Spiller S, Friedrich T. Functional analysis of human Na +/K +-ATPase familial or sporadic hemiplegic migraine mutations expressed in Xenopus oocytes. World J Biol Chem 2014; 5:240-253. [PMID: 24921013 PMCID: PMC4050117 DOI: 10.4331/wjbc.v5.i2.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 03/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: Functional characterization of ATP1A2 mutations that are related to familial or sporadic hemiplegic migraine (FHM2, SHM).
METHODS: cRNA of human Na+/K+-ATPase α2- and β1-subunits were injected in Xenopus laevis oocytes. FHM2 or SHM mutations of residues located in putative α/β interaction sites or in the α2-subunit’s C-terminal region were investigated. Mutants were analyzed by the two-electrode voltage-clamp (TEVC) technique on Xenopus oocytes. Stationary K+-induced Na+/K+ pump currents were measured, and the voltage dependence of apparent K+ affinity was investigated. Transient currents were recorded as ouabain-sensitive currents in Na+ buffers to analyze kinetics and voltage-dependent pre-steady state charge translocations. The expression of constructs was verified by preparation of plasma membrane and total membrane fractions of cRNA-injected oocytes.
RESULTS: Compared to the wild-type enzyme, the mutants G900R and E902K showed no significant differences in the voltage dependence of K+-induced currents, and analysis of the transient currents indicated that the extracellular Na+ affinity was not affected. Mutant G855R showed no pump activity detectable by TEVC. Also for L994del and Y1009X, pump currents could not be recorded. Analysis of the plasma and total membrane fractions showed that the expressed proteins were not or only minimally targeted to the plasma membrane. Whereas the mutation K1003E had no impact on K+ interaction, D999H affected the voltage dependence of K+-induced currents. Furthermore, kinetics of the transient currents was altered compared to the wild-type enzyme, and the apparent affinity for extracellular Na+ was reduced.
CONCLUSION: The investigated FHM2/SHM mutations influence protein function differently depending on the structural impact of the mutated residue.
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Demos MK, van Karnebeek CD, Ross CJ, Adam S, Shen Y, Zhan SH, Shyr C, Horvath G, Suri M, Fryer A, Jones SJ, Friedman JM. A novel recurrent mutation in ATP1A3 causes CAPOS syndrome. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2014; 9:15. [PMID: 24468074 PMCID: PMC3937150 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1172-9-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background We undertook genetic analysis of three affected families to identify the cause of dominantly-inherited CAPOS (cerebellar ataxia, areflexia, pes cavus, optic atrophy and sensorineural hearing loss) syndrome. Methods We used whole-exome sequencing to analyze two families affected with CAPOS syndrome, including the original family reported in 1996, and Sanger sequencing to assess familial segregation of rare variants identified in the probands and in a third, apparently unrelated family with CAPOS syndrome. Results We found an identical heterozygous missense mutation, c.2452G > A (p.(Glu818Lys)), in the Na+/K+ ATPase α3(ATP1A3) gene in the proband and his affected sister and mother, but not in either unaffected maternal grandparent, in the first family. The same mutation was also identified in the proband and three other affected members of the second family and in all three affected members of the third family. This mutation was not found in more than 3600 chromosomes from unaffected individuals. Conclusion Other mutations in ATP1A3 have previously been demonstrated to cause rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism (also called dystonia-12) or alternating hemiplegia of childhood. This study shows that an allelic mutation in ATP1A3 produces CAPOS syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle K Demos
- Division of Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, University of British Columbia and BC Children's Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada.
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Alternating hemiplegia of childhood in Denmark: clinical manifestations and ATP1A3 mutation status. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2014; 18:50-4. [PMID: 24100174 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2013.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 08/19/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by early-onset recurrent distinctive hemiplegic episodes commonly accompanied by other paroxysmal features and developmental impairment. De novo mutations in ATP1A3 were recently identified as a genetic cause of AHC. To describe the entire Danish cohort of paediatric AHC patients we approached neuropaediatricians nationwide. All currently acknowledged Danish patients ≤16 years with AHC were genetically tested and seen by the same child neurologist (PU). Ten patients; seven girls and three boys were identified. Mean present age was 10.0 years (range 1-16). Mean age at presentation was 7.4 months (range 1-18 months). Sequencing of ATP1A3 in all ten patients revealed a pathogenic mutation in seven. Two females with moderate psychomotor impairment were heterozygous for the known p.G947R mutation, whereas one severely retarded boy was heterozygous for the common p.E815K mutation. The prevalent p.D801N mutation was identified in two moderate to severely retarded children. Interestingly, in a set of monochorionic male twins a novel p.D801E mutation was identified, underscoring that the asparagine at position 801 is a mutation hotspot. Three girls aged 5-13 years did not reveal any ATP1A3 mutations. They were rather mildly clinically affected and displayed a normal or near-normal psychomotor development. This is the first study of AHC in the Danish paediatric population. The patients harboured a wide range of psychomotor difficulties. Patients with no mutation detected tended to be less severely affected. Prevalence was approximately 1 per 100,000 children.
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Toustrup-Jensen MS, Einholm AP, Schack VR, Nielsen HN, Holm R, Sobrido MJ, Andersen JP, Clausen T, Vilsen B. Relationship between intracellular Na+ concentration and reduced Na+ affinity in Na+,K+-ATPase mutants causing neurological disease. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:3186-97. [PMID: 24356962 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.543272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurological disorders familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2), alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC), and rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism (RDP) are caused by mutations of Na(+),K(+)-ATPase α2 and α3 isoforms, expressed in glial and neuronal cells, respectively. Although these disorders are distinct, they overlap in phenotypical presentation. Two Na(+),K(+)-ATPase mutations, extending the C terminus by either 28 residues ("+28" mutation) or an extra tyrosine ("+Y"), are associated with FHM2 and RDP, respectively. We describe here functional consequences of these and other neurological disease mutations as well as an extension of the C terminus only by a single alanine. The dependence of the mutational effects on the specific α isoform in which the mutation is introduced was furthermore studied. At the cellular level we have characterized the C-terminal extension mutants and other mutants, addressing the question to what extent they cause a change of the intracellular Na(+) and K(+) concentrations ([Na(+)]i and [K(+)]i) in COS cells. C-terminal extension mutants generally showed dramatically reduced Na(+) affinity without disturbance of K(+) binding, as did other RDP mutants. No phosphorylation from ATP was observed for the +28 mutation of α2 despite a high expression level. A significant rise of [Na(+)]i and reduction of [K(+)]i was detected in cells expressing mutants with reduced Na(+) affinity and did not require a concomitant reduction of the maximal catalytic turnover rate or expression level. Moreover, two mutations that increase Na(+) affinity were found to reduce [Na(+)]i. It is concluded that the Na(+) affinity of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase is an important determinant of [Na(+)]i.
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Henriksen C, Kjaer-Sorensen K, Einholm AP, Madsen LB, Momeni J, Bendixen C, Oxvig C, Vilsen B, Larsen K. Molecular cloning and characterization of porcine Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase isoforms α1, α2, α3 and the ATP1A3 promoter. PLoS One 2013; 8:e79127. [PMID: 24236096 PMCID: PMC3827302 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0079127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase maintains electrochemical gradients of Na⁺ and K⁺ essential for a variety of cellular functions including neuronal activity. The α-subunit of the Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase exists in four different isoforms (α1-α4) encoded by different genes. With a view to future use of pig as an animal model in studies of human diseases caused by Na⁺/K⁺-ATPase mutations, we have determined the porcine coding sequences of the α1-α3 genes, ATP1A1, ATP1A2, and ATP1A3, their chromosomal localization, and expression patterns. Our ATP1A1 sequence accords with the sequences from several species at five positions where the amino acid residue of the previously published porcine ATP1A1 sequence differs. These corrections include replacement of glutamine 841 with arginine. Analysis of the functional consequences of substitution of the arginine revealed its importance for Na⁺ binding, which can be explained by interaction of the arginine with the C-terminus, stabilizing one of the Na⁺ sites. Quantitative real-time PCR expression analyses of porcine ATP1A1, ATP1A2, and ATP1A3 mRNA showed that all three transcripts are expressed in the embryonic brain as early as 60 days of gestation. Expression of α3 is confined to neuronal tissue. Generally, the expression patterns of ATP1A1, ATP1A2, and ATP1A3 transcripts were found similar to their human counterparts, except for lack of α3 expression in porcine heart. These expression patterns were confirmed at the protein level. We also report the sequence of the porcine ATP1A3 promoter, which was found to be closely homologous to its human counterpart. The function and specificity of the porcine ATP1A3 promoter was analyzed in transgenic zebrafish, demonstrating that it is active and drives expression in embryonic brain and spinal cord. The results of the present study provide a sound basis for employing the ATP1A3 promoter in attempts to generate transgenic porcine models of neurological diseases caused by ATP1A3 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Henriksen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | | | | | - Lone Bruhn Madsen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Jamal Momeni
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Christian Bendixen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
| | - Claus Oxvig
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Bente Vilsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Knud Larsen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Tjele, Denmark
- * E-mail:
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29
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Nyblom M, Poulsen H, Gourdon P, Reinhard L, Andersson M, Lindahl E, Fedosova N, Nissen P. Crystal structure of Na+, K(+)-ATPase in the Na(+)-bound state. Science 2013; 342:123-7. [PMID: 24051246 DOI: 10.1126/science.1243352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The Na(+), K(+)-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) maintains the electrochemical gradients of Na(+) and K(+) across the plasma membrane--a prerequisite for electrical excitability and secondary transport. Hitherto, structural information has been limited to K(+)-bound or ouabain-blocked forms. We present the crystal structure of a Na(+)-bound Na(+), K(+)-ATPase as determined at 4.3 Å resolution. Compared with the K(+)-bound form, large conformational changes are observed in the α subunit whereas the β and γ subunit structures are maintained. The locations of the three Na(+) sites are indicated with the unique site III at the recently suggested IIIb, as further supported by electrophysiological studies on leak currents. Extracellular release of the third Na(+) from IIIb through IIIa, followed by exchange of Na(+) for K(+) at sites I and II, is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Nyblom
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPkin, Danish National Research Foundation, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
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30
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Abstract
Dystonia is a common movement disorder seen by neurologists in clinic. Genetic forms of the disease are important to recognize clinically and also provide valuable information about possible pathogenic mechanisms within the wider disorder. In the past few years, with the advent of new sequencing technologies, there has been a step change in the pace of discovery in the field of dystonia genetics. In just over a year, four new genes have been shown to cause primary dystonia (CIZ1, ANO3, TUBB4A and GNAL), PRRT2 has been identified as the cause of paroxysmal kinesigenic dystonia and other genes, such as SLC30A10 and ATP1A3, have been linked to more complicated forms of dystonia or new phenotypes. In this review, we provide an overview of the current state of knowledge regarding genetic forms of dystonia—related to both new and well-known genes alike—and incorporating genetic, clinical and molecular information. We discuss the mechanistic insights provided by the study of the genetic causes of dystonia and provide a helpful clinical algorithm to aid clinicians in correctly predicting the genetic basis of various forms of dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin Charlesworth
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, UCL Institute of Neurology, Queen Square, London, WC1N 3BG, UK
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31
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Ikeda K, Satake S, Onaka T, Sugimoto H, Takeda N, Imoto K, Kawakami K. Enhanced inhibitory neurotransmission in the cerebellar cortex of Atp1a3-deficient heterozygous mice. J Physiol 2013; 591:3433-49. [PMID: 23652595 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2012.247817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Dystonia is characterized by excessive involuntary and prolonged simultaneous contractions of both agonist and antagonist muscles. Although the basal ganglia have long been proposed as the primary region, recent studies indicated that the cerebellum also plays a key role in the expression of dystonia. One hereditary form of dystonia, rapid-onset dystonia with parkinsonism (RDP), is caused by loss of function mutations of the gene for the Na pump α3 subunit (ATP1A3). Little information is available on the affected brain regions and mechanism for dystonia by the mutations in RDP. The Na pump is composed of α and β subunits and maintains ionic gradients of Na(+) and K(+) across the cell membrane. The gradients are utilized for neurotransmitter reuptake and their alteration modulates neural excitability. To provide insight into the molecular aetiology of RDP, we generated and analysed knockout heterozygous mice (Atp1a3(+/-)). Atp1a3(+/-) showed increased symptoms of dystonia that is induced by kainate injection into the cerebellar vermis. Atp1a3 mRNA was highly expressed in Purkinje cells and molecular-layer interneurons, and its product was concentrated at Purkinje cell soma, the site of abundant vesicular γ-aminobutyric acid transporter (VGAT) signal, suggesting the presynaptic localization of the α3 subunit in the inhibitory synapse. Electrophysiological studies showed that the inhibitory neurotransmission at molecular-layer interneuron-Purkinje cell synapses was enhanced in Atp1a3(+/-) cerebellar cortex, and that the enhancement originated via a presynaptic mechanism. Our results shed light on the role of Atp1a3 in the inhibitory synapse, and potential involvement of inhibitory synaptic dysfunction for the pathophysiology of dystonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Ikeda
- Division of Biology, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Yakushiji 3311-1, Shimotsuke, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
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Kirshenbaum GS, Dawson N, Mullins JGL, Johnston TH, Drinkhill MJ, Edwards IJ, Fox SH, Pratt JA, Brotchie JM, Roder JC, Clapcote SJ. Alternating hemiplegia of childhood-related neural and behavioural phenotypes in Na+,K+-ATPase α3 missense mutant mice. PLoS One 2013; 8:e60141. [PMID: 23527305 PMCID: PMC3603922 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0060141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Accepted: 02/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Missense mutations in ATP1A3 encoding Na+,K+-ATPase α3 have been identified as the primary cause of alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC), a motor disorder with onset typically before the age of 6 months. Affected children tend to be of short stature and can also have epilepsy, ataxia and learning disability. The Na+,K+-ATPase has a well-known role in maintaining electrochemical gradients across cell membranes, but our understanding of how the mutations cause AHC is limited. Myshkin mutant mice carry an amino acid change (I810N) that affects the same position in Na+,K+-ATPase α3 as I810S found in AHC. Using molecular modelling, we show that the Myshkin and AHC mutations display similarly severe structural impacts on Na+,K+-ATPase α3, including upon the K+ pore and predicted K+ binding sites. Behavioural analysis of Myshkin mice revealed phenotypic abnormalities similar to symptoms of AHC, including motor dysfunction and cognitive impairment. 2-DG imaging of Myshkin mice identified compromised thalamocortical functioning that includes a deficit in frontal cortex functioning (hypofrontality), directly mirroring that reported in AHC, along with reduced thalamocortical functional connectivity. Our results thus provide validation for missense mutations in Na+,K+-ATPase α3 as a cause of AHC, and highlight Myshkin mice as a starting point for the exploration of disease mechanisms and novel treatments in AHC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greer S. Kirshenbaum
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Neil Dawson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan G. L. Mullins
- Institute of Life Science, College of Medicine, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Tom H. Johnston
- Division of Brain, Imaging and Behaviour – Systems Neuroscience, Toronto Western Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark J. Drinkhill
- Division of Cardiovascular and Neuronal Remodelling, Leeds Institute for Genetics, Health and Therapeutics, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Ian J. Edwards
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Susan H. Fox
- Division of Brain, Imaging and Behaviour – Systems Neuroscience, Toronto Western Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Judith A. Pratt
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M. Brotchie
- Division of Brain, Imaging and Behaviour – Systems Neuroscience, Toronto Western Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John C. Roder
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Steven J. Clapcote
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Transporter Proteins. Mol Pharmacol 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118451908.ch5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Alexoudi A, Schneider SA. Alternating hemiplegia of childhood and rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism are allelic disorders due toATP1A3gene mutations. Mov Disord 2012; 27:1494. [DOI: 10.1002/mds.25222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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35
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Rosewich H, Thiele H, Ohlenbusch A, Maschke U, Altmüller J, Frommolt P, Zirn B, Ebinger F, Siemes H, Nürnberg P, Brockmann K, Gärtner J. Heterozygous de-novo mutations in ATP1A3 in patients with alternating hemiplegia of childhood: a whole-exome sequencing gene-identification study. Lancet Neurol 2012; 11:764-73. [PMID: 22850527 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(12)70182-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) is a rare neurological disorder characterised by early-onset episodes of hemiplegia, dystonia, various paroxysmal symptoms, and developmental impairment. Almost all cases of AHC are sporadic but AHC concordance in monozygotic twins and dominant transmission in a family with a milder phenotype have been reported. Thus, we aimed to identify de-novo mutations associated with this disease. METHODS We recruited patients with clinically characterised AHC from paediatric neurology departments in Germany and with the aid of a parental support group between Sept, 2004, and May 18, 2012. We used whole-exome sequencing of three proband-parent trios to identify a disease-associated gene and then tested whether mutations in the gene were also present in the remaining patients and their healthy parents. We analysed genotypes and characterised their associations with the phenotypic spectrum of the disease. FINDINGS We studied 15 female and nine male patients with AHC who were aged 8-35 years. ATP1A3 emerged as the disease-associated gene in AHC. Whole-exome sequencing showed three heterozygous de-novo missense mutations. Sequencing of the 21 remaining affected individuals identified disease-associated mutations in ATP1A3 in all patients, including six de-novo missense mutations and one de-novo splice-site mutation. Because ATP1A3 is also the gene associated with rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism (DYT12, OMIM 128235) we compared the genotypes and phenotypes of patients with AHC in our cohort with those of patients with rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism reported in the scientific literature. We noted overlapping clinical features, such as abrupt onset of dystonic episodes often triggered by emotional stress, a rostrocaudal (face to arm to leg) gradient of involvement, and signs of brainstem dysfunction, as well as clearly differentiating clinical characteristics, such as episodic hemiplegia and quadriplegia. INTERPRETATION Mutation analysis of the ATP1A3 gene in patients who met clinical criteria for AHC allows for definite genetic diagnosis and sound genetic counselling. AHC and rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism are allelic diseases related to mutations in ATP1A3 and form a phenotypical continuum of a dystonic movement disorder. FUNDING Eva Luise and Horst Köhler Foundation for Humans with Rare Diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Rosewich
- Department of Paediatrics and Paediatric Neurology, Georg August University Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
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36
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De novo mutations in ATP1A3 cause alternating hemiplegia of childhood. Nat Genet 2012; 44:1030-4. [PMID: 22842232 PMCID: PMC3442240 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 288] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC) is a rare, severe neurodevelopmental syndrome characterized by recurrent hemiplegic episodes and distinct neurologic manifestations. AHC is usually a sporadic disorder with unknown etiology. Using exome sequencing of seven patients with AHC, and their unaffected parents, we identified de novo nonsynonymous mutations in ATP1A3 in all seven AHC patients. Subsequent sequence analysis of ATP1A3 in 98 additional patients revealed that 78% of AHC cases have a likely causal ATP1A3 mutation, including one inherited mutation in a familial case of AHC. Remarkably, six ATP1A3 mutations explain the majority of patients, including one observed in 36 patients. Unlike ATP1A3 mutations that cause rapid-onset-dystonia-parkinsonism, AHC-causing mutations revealed consistent reductions in ATPase activity without effects on protein expression. This work identifies de novo ATP1A3 mutations as the primary cause of AHC, and offers insight into disease pathophysiology by expanding the spectrum of phenotypes associated with mutations in this gene.
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Peluffo RD, Berlin JR. Membrane potential-dependent inhibition of the Na+,K+-ATPase by para-nitrobenzyltriethylammonium bromide. Mol Pharmacol 2012; 82:1-8. [PMID: 22456853 DOI: 10.1124/mol.111.077008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane potential (V(M))-dependent inhibitors of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase are a new class of compounds that may have inherent advantages over currently available drugs targeting this enzyme. However, two questions remain unanswered regarding these inhibitors: (1) what is the mechanism of V(M)-dependent Na(+),K(+)-ATPase inhibition, and (2) is their binding affinity high enough to consider them as possible lead compounds? To address these questions, we investigated how a recently synthesized V(M)-dependent Na(+),K(+)-ATPase inhibitor, para-nitrobenzyltriethylamine (pNBTEA), binds to the enzyme by measuring the extracellular pNBTEA concentration and V(M) dependence of ouabain-sensitive transient charge movements in whole-cell patch-clamped rat cardiac ventricular myocytes. By analyzing the kinetics of charge movements and the steady-state distribution of charge, we show that the V(M)-dependent properties of pNBTEA binding differ from those for extracellular Na(+) and K(+) binding, even though inhibitor binding is competitive with extracellular K(+). The data were also fit to specific models for pNBTEA binding to show that pNBTEA binding is a rate-limiting V(M)-dependent reaction that, in light of homology models for the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase, we interpret as a transfer reaction of pNBTEA from a peripheral binding site in the enzyme to a site near the known K(+) coordination sites buried within the transmembrane helices of the enzyme. These models also suggest that binding occurs with an apparent affinity of 7 μM. This apparent binding affinity suggests that high-affinity V(M)-dependent Na(+),K(+)-ATPase inhibitors should be feasible to design and test as specific enzyme inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Daniel Peluffo
- Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, 185 S. Orange Ave., Newark, NJ 07101-1709, USA
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38
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Schack VR, Holm R, Vilsen B. Inhibition of phosphorylation of na+,k+-ATPase by mutations causing familial hemiplegic migraine. J Biol Chem 2011; 287:2191-202. [PMID: 22117059 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.323022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The neurological disorder familial hemiplegic migraine type II (FHM2) is caused by mutations in the α2-isoform of the Na(+),K(+)-ATPase. We have studied the partial reaction steps of the Na(+),K(+)-pump cycle in nine FHM2 mutants retaining overall activity at a level still compatible with cell growth. Although it is believed that the pathophysiology of FHM2 results from reduced extracellular K(+) clearance and/or changes in Na(+) gradient-dependent transport processes in neuroglia, a reduced affinity for K(+) or Na(+) is not a general finding with the FHM2 mutants. Six of the FHM2 mutations markedly affect the maximal rate of phosphorylation from ATP leading to inhibition by intracellular K(+), thereby likely compromising pump function under physiological conditions. In mutants R593W, V628M, and M731T, the defective phosphorylation is caused by local perturbations within the Rossmann fold, possibly interfering with the bending of the P-domain during phosphoryl transfer. In mutants V138A, T345A, and R834Q, long range effects reaching from as far away as the M2 transmembrane helix perturb the function of the catalytic site. Mutant E700K exhibits a reduced rate of E(2)P dephosphorylation without effect on phosphorylation from ATP. An extremely reduced vanadate affinity of this mutant indicates that the slow dephosphorylation reflects a destabilization of the phosphoryl transition state. This seems to be caused by insertion of the lysine between two other positively charged residues of the Rossmann fold. In mutants R202Q and T263M, effects on the A-domain structure are responsible for a reduced rate of the E(1)P to E(2)P transition.
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Bøttger P, Doğanlı C, Lykke-Hartmann K. Migraine- and dystonia-related disease-mutations of Na+/K+-ATPases: relevance of behavioral studies in mice to disease symptoms and neurological manifestations in humans. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2011; 36:855-71. [PMID: 22067897 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Revised: 10/20/2011] [Accepted: 10/26/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
The two autosomal dominantly inherited neurological diseases: familial hemiplegic migraine type 2 (FHM2) and familial rapid-onset of dystonia-parkinsonism (Familial RDP) are caused by in vivo mutations of specific alpha subunits of the sodium-potassium pump (Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase). Intriguingly, patients with classical FHM2 and RDP symptoms additionally suffer from other manifestations, such as epilepsy/seizures and developmental disabilities. Recent studies of FHM2 and RDP mouse models provide valuable tools for dissecting the vital roles of the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPases, and we discuss their relevance to the complex patient symptoms and manifestations. Thus, it is interesting that mouse models targeting a specific α-isoform cause different, although still comparable, phenotypes consistent with classical symptoms and other manifestations observed in FHM2 and RDP patients. This review highlights that use of mouse models have broad potentials for future research concerning migraine and dystonia-related diseases, which will contribute towards understanding the, yet unknown, pathophysiologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Bøttger
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, Denmark; Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worms Allé 3, Aarhus C, Denmark
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40
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Abstract
The last 25 years have seen remarkable advances in our understanding of the genetic etiologies of dystonia, new approaches into dissecting underlying pathophysiology, and independent progress in identifying effective treatments. In this review we highlight some of these advances, especially the genetic findings that have taken us from phenomenological to molecular-based diagnoses. Twenty DYT loci have been designated and 10 genes identified, all based on linkage analyses in families. Hand in hand with these genetic findings, neurophysiological and imaging techniques have been employed that have helped illuminate the similarities and differences among the various etiological dystonia subtypes. This knowledge is just beginning to yield new approaches to treatment including those based on DYT1 animal models. Despite the lag in identifying genetically based therapies, effective treatments, including impressive benefits from deep brain stimulation and botulinum toxin chemodenervation, have marked the last 25 years. The challenge ahead includes continued advancement into understanding dystonia's many underlying causes and associated pathology and using this knowledge to advance treatment including preventing genetic disease expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie J Ozelius
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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41
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Abstract
Rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism (RDP) is a rare condition with autosomal-dominant inheritance causing dystonia and parkinsonism which develop over a short period of time. It results from abnormalities in the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase pump due to mutations in the ATP1A3 gene. This chapter reviews the clinical features, genetics, and diagnosis of this disorder.
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Bøttger P, Tracz Z, Heuck A, Nissen P, Romero-Ramos M, Lykke-Hartmann K. Distribution of Na/K-ATPase alpha 3 isoform, a sodium-potassium P-type pump associated with rapid-onset of dystonia parkinsonism (RDP) in the adult mouse brain. J Comp Neurol 2011; 519:376-404. [PMID: 21165980 DOI: 10.1002/cne.22524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase1 alpha subunit 3 (ATP1α(3)) is one of many essential components that maintain the sodium and potassium gradients across the plasma membrane in animal cells. Mutations in the ATP1A3 gene cause rapid-onset of dystonia parkinsonism (RDP), a rare movement disorder characterized by sudden onset of dystonic spasms and slowness of movement. To achieve a better understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease, we used immunohistochemical approaches to describe the regional and cellular distribution of ATP1α(3) in the adult mouse brain. Our results show that localization of ATP1α(3) is restricted to neurons, and it is expressed mostly in projections (fibers and punctuates), but cell body expression is also observed. We found high expression of ATP1α(3) in GABAergic neurons in all nuclei of the basal ganglia (striatum, globus pallidus, subthalamic nucleus, and substantia nigra), which is a key circuitry in the fine movement control. Several thalamic nuclei structures harboring connections to and from the cortex expressed high levels of the ATP1α(3) isoform. Other structures with high expression of ATP1α(3) included cerebellum, red nucleus, and several areas of the pons (reticulotegmental nucleus of pons). We also found high expression of ATP1α(3) in projections and cell bodies in hippocampus; most of these ATP1α(3)-positive cell bodies showed colocalization to GABAergic neurons. ATP1α(3) expression was not significant in the dopaminergic cells of substantia nigra. In conclusion, and based on our data, ATP1α(3) is widely expressed in neuronal populations but mainly in GABAergic neurons in areas and nuclei related to movement control, in agreement with RDP symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pernille Bøttger
- Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation
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43
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Abstract
Dystonia-plus syndromes represent a heterogeneous group of diseases, where dystonia is accompanied by other neurological features and gene mutations can be detected frequently. Symptomatic dystonias and complex neurodegenerative diseases with dystonia as part of the clinical presentation are excluded from this category. At present, the following disorders are categorized as dystonia-plus syndromes: Dopa-responsive dystonia (DRD) is a mostly pediatric-onset, neurometabolic disorder with two different modes of inheritance: in its autosomal-dominant form, heterozygous mutations of GTP-cyclohydrolase I (GCH1, DYT5) cause DRD with reduced penetrance and excellent and lasting response to levodopa. Autosomal-recessive (AR) forms of DRD are caused by homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations of the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) or the sepiapterin reductase (SPR) gene. In AR-DRD, the phenotype is generally more severe including cognitive deficits and developmental delay. Diagnosis can be confirmed by analysis of CSF pterine metabolites. Alternatively, comprehensive genetic testing yields causative mutations in up to 80% of patients. Myoclonus-dystonia (M-D) is caused by heterozygous mutations of the epsilon-sarcoglycan gene (SGCE). Dystonia is generally only mild to moderate, and 'lightning-like' myoclonic jerks occur rarely at rest and can be triggered by complex motor tasks like writing and drawing. Both features together with an age at onset below 25 years strongly predict SGCE mutation in M-D and differentiate this genetic disease from other 'jerky' dystonias. The combination of dystonia and parkinsonism can only be rarely observed in non-degenerative syndromes. Besides DRD, two additional syndromes have been classified. Rapid-onset dystonia-parkinsonism (RPD, DYT12) is a rare disorder with an abrupt onset of symptoms over minutes to days, prominent bulbar involvement and parkinsonism with a lack of response to levodopa. Patients with this rare phenotype should be screened for mutation in the Na(+)/K(+) ATPase alpha3-subunit (ATP1A3) gene, even if family history is negative. Recently, a novel form of dystonia-parkinsonism (DYT16) has been found to be linked to mutations in the PRKRA gene, whose relation to basal ganglia disorders is yet unknown .
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Affiliation(s)
- F Asmus
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Hertie-Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.
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Einholm AP, Toustrup-Jensen MS, Holm R, Andersen JP, Vilsen B. The rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism mutation D923N of the Na+, K+-ATPase alpha3 isoform disrupts Na+ interaction at the third Na+ site. J Biol Chem 2010; 285:26245-54. [PMID: 20576601 PMCID: PMC2924038 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.123976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2010] [Revised: 05/31/2010] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid-onset dystonia parkinsonism (RDP), a rare neurological disorder, is caused by mutation of the neuron-specific alpha3-isoform of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase. Here, we present the functional consequences of RDP mutation D923N. Relative to the wild type, the mutant exhibits a remarkable approximately 200-fold reduction of Na(+) affinity for activation of phosphorylation from ATP, reflecting a defective interaction of the E(1) form with intracellular Na(+). This is the largest effect on Na(+) affinity reported so far for any Na(+), K(+)-ATPase mutant. D923N also affects the interaction with extracellular Na(+) normally driving the E(1)P to E(2)P conformational transition backward. However, no impairment of K(+) binding was observed for D923N, leading to the conclusion that Asp(923) is specifically associated with the third Na(+) site that is selective toward Na(+). The crystal structure of the Na(+), K(+)-ATPase in E(2) form shows that Asp(923) is located in the cytoplasmic half of transmembrane helix M8 inside a putative transport channel, which is lined by residues from the transmembrane helices M5, M7, M8, and M10 and capped by the C terminus, recently found involved in recognition of the third Na(+) ion. Structural modeling of the E(1) form of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase based on the Ca(2+)-ATPase crystal structure is consistent with the hypothesis that Asp(923) contributes to a site binding the third Na(+) ion. These results in conjunction with our previous findings with other RDP mutants suggest that a selective defect in the handling of Na(+) may be a general feature of the RDP disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Pernille Einholm
- From the Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mads S. Toustrup-Jensen
- From the Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Rikke Holm
- From the Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jens Peter Andersen
- From the Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Bente Vilsen
- From the Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease-PUMPKIN, Danish National Research Foundation, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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45
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Poulsen H, Khandelia H, Morth JP, Bublitz M, Mouritsen OG, Egebjerg J, Nissen P. Neurological disease mutations compromise a C-terminal ion pathway in the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase. Nature 2010; 467:99-102. [PMID: 20720542 DOI: 10.1038/nature09309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2010] [Accepted: 06/24/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase pumps three sodium ions out of and two potassium ions into the cell for each ATP molecule that is split, thereby generating the chemical and electrical gradients across the plasma membrane that are essential in, for example, signalling, secondary transport and volume regulation in animal cells. Crystal structures of the potassium-bound form of the pump revealed an intimate docking of the alpha-subunit carboxy terminus at the transmembrane domain. Here we show that this element is a key regulator of a previously unrecognized ion pathway. Current models of P-type ATPases operate with a single ion conduit through the pump, but our data suggest an additional pathway in the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase between the ion-binding sites and the cytoplasm. The C-terminal pathway allows a cytoplasmic proton to enter and stabilize site III when empty in the potassium-bound state, and when potassium is released the proton will also return to the cytoplasm, thus allowing an overall asymmetric stoichiometry of the transported ions. The C terminus controls the gate to the pathway. Its structure is crucial for pump function, as demonstrated by at least eight mutations in the region that cause severe neurological diseases. This novel model for ion transport by the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase is established by electrophysiological studies of C-terminal mutations in familial hemiplegic migraine 2 (FHM2) and is further substantiated by molecular dynamics simulations. A similar ion regulation is likely to apply to the H(+)/K(+)-ATPase and the Ca(2+)-ATPase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanne Poulsen
- PUMPKIN - Centre for Membrane Pumps in Cells and Disease, Danish National Research Foundation, Department of Molecular Biology, Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
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46
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Vedovato N, Gadsby DC. The two C-terminal tyrosines stabilize occluded Na/K pump conformations containing Na or K ions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 136:63-82. [PMID: 20548052 PMCID: PMC2894553 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201010407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interactions of the three transported Na ions with the Na/K pump remain incompletely understood. Na/K pump crystal structures show that the extended C terminus of the Na,K-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) alpha subunit directly contacts transmembrane helices. Deletion of the last five residues (KETYY in almost all Na/K pumps) markedly lowered the apparent affinity for Na activation of pump phosphorylation from ATP, a reflection of cytoplasmic Na affinity for forming the occluded E1P(Na3) conformation. ATPase assays further suggested that C-terminal truncations also interfere with low affinity Na interactions, which are attributable to extracellular effects. Because extracellular Na ions traverse part of the membrane's electric field to reach their binding sites in the Na/K pump, their movements generate currents that can be monitored with high resolution. We report here electrical measurements to examine how Na/K pump interactions with extracellular Na ions are influenced by C-terminal truncations. We deleted the last two (YY) or five (KESYY) residues in Xenopus laevis alpha1 Na/K pumps made ouabain resistant by either of two kinds of point mutations and measured their currents as 10-mM ouabain-sensitive currents in Xenopus oocytes after silencing endogenous Xenopus Na/K pumps with 1 microM ouabain. We found the low affinity inhibitory influence of extracellular Na on outward Na/K pump current at negative voltages to be impaired in all of the C-terminally truncated pumps. Correspondingly, voltage jump-induced transient charge movements that reflect pump interactions with extracellular Na ions were strongly shifted to more negative potentials; this signals a several-fold reduction of the apparent affinity for extracellular Na in the truncated pumps. Parallel lowering of Na affinity on both sides of the membrane argues that the C-terminal contacts provide important stabilization of the occluded E1P(Na3) conformation, regardless of the route of Na ion entry into the binding pocket. Gating measurements of palytoxin-opened Na/K pump channels additionally imply that the C-terminal contacts also help stabilize pump conformations with occluded K ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natascia Vedovato
- Laboratory of Cardiac/Membrane Physiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
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47
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Meier S, Tavraz NN, Dürr KL, Friedrich T. Hyperpolarization-activated inward leakage currents caused by deletion or mutation of carboxy-terminal tyrosines of the Na+/K+-ATPase {alpha} subunit. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010; 135:115-34. [PMID: 20100892 PMCID: PMC2812498 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.200910301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase mediates electrogenic transport by exporting three Na(+) ions in exchange for two K(+) ions across the cell membrane per adenosine triphosphate molecule. The location of two Rb(+) ions in the crystal structures of the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase has defined two "common" cation binding sites, I and II, which accommodate Na(+) or K(+) ions during transport. The configuration of site III is still unknown, but the crystal structure has suggested a critical role of the carboxy-terminal KETYY motif for the formation of this "unique" Na(+) binding site. Our two-electrode voltage clamp experiments on Xenopus oocytes show that deletion of two tyrosines at the carboxy terminus of the human Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase alpha(2) subunit decreases the affinity for extracellular and intracellular Na(+), in agreement with previous biochemical studies. Apparently, the DeltaYY deletion changes Na(+) affinity at site III but leaves the common sites unaffected, whereas the more extensive DeltaKETYY deletion affects the unique site and the common sites as well. In the absence of extracellular K(+), the DeltaYY construct mediated ouabain-sensitive, hyperpolarization-activated inward currents, which were Na(+) dependent and increased with acidification. Furthermore, the voltage dependence of rate constants from transient currents under Na(+)/Na(+) exchange conditions was reversed, and the amounts of charge transported upon voltage pulses from a certain holding potential to hyperpolarizing potentials and back were unequal. These findings are incompatible with a reversible and exclusively extracellular Na(+) release/binding mechanism. In analogy to the mechanism proposed for the H(+) leak currents of the wild-type Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase, we suggest that the DeltaYY deletion lowers the energy barrier for the intracellular Na(+) occlusion reaction, thus destabilizing the Na(+)-occluded state and enabling inward leak currents. The leakage currents are prevented by aromatic amino acids at the carboxy terminus. Thus, the carboxy terminus of the Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase alpha subunit represents a structural and functional relay between Na(+) binding site III and the intracellular cation occlusion gate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Meier
- Technical University of Berlin, Institute of Chemistry, D-10623 Berlin, Germany
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Gosso MF, de Rooij AM, Alsina-Sanchis E, Kamphorst JT, Marinus J, van Hilten JJ, van den Maagdenberg AMJM. Systematic mutation analysis of seven dystonia genes in complex regional pain syndrome with fixed dystonia. J Neurol 2010; 257:820-4. [DOI: 10.1007/s00415-009-5426-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2009] [Revised: 11/24/2009] [Accepted: 12/09/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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