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Migale R, Neumann M, Mitter R, Rafiee MR, Wood S, Olsen J, Lovell-Badge R. FOXL2 interaction with different binding partners regulates the dynamics of ovarian development. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl0788. [PMID: 38517962 PMCID: PMC10959415 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl0788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
The transcription factor FOXL2 is required in ovarian somatic cells for female fertility. Differential timing of Foxl2 deletion, in embryonic versus adult mouse ovary, leads to distinctive outcomes, suggesting different roles across development. Here, we comprehensively investigated FOXL2's role through a multi-omics approach to characterize gene expression dynamics and chromatin accessibility changes, coupled with genome-wide identification of FOXL2 targets and on-chromatin interacting partners in somatic cells across ovarian development. We found that FOXL2 regulates more targets postnatally, through interaction with factors regulating primordial follicle formation and steroidogenesis. Deletion of one interactor, ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (Usp7), results in impairment of somatic cell differentiation, germ cell nest breakdown, and ovarian development, leading to sterility. Our datasets constitute a comprehensive resource for exploration of the molecular mechanisms of ovarian development and causes of female infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Migale
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Michelle Neumann
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Richard Mitter
- Bioinformatics core, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Mahmoud-Reza Rafiee
- RNA Networks Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Sophie Wood
- Genetic Modification Service, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Jessica Olsen
- Genetic Modification Service, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Robin Lovell-Badge
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology and Developmental Genetics, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
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2
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Dai M, Hong L, Yin T, Liu S. Disturbed Follicular Microenvironment in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Relationship to Oocyte Quality and Infertility. Endocrinology 2024; 165:bqae023. [PMID: 38375912 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqae023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder associated with infertility and poor reproductive outcomes. The follicular fluid (FF) microenvironment plays a crucial role in oocyte development. This review summarizes evidence elucidating the alterations in FF composition in PCOS. Various studies demonstrated a pronounced proinflammatory milieu in PCOS FF, characterized by increased levels of cytokines, including but not limited to interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor α, C-reactive protein, and IL-1β, concomitant with a reduction in anti-inflammatory IL-10. T lymphocytes and antigen-presenting cells are dysregulated in PCOS FF. PCOS FF exhibit heightened reactive oxygen species production and the accumulation of lipid peroxidation byproducts, and impaired antioxidant defenses. Multiple microRNAs are dysregulated in PCOS FF, disrupting signaling critical to granulosa cell function. Proteomic analysis reveals changes in pathways related to immune responses, metabolic perturbations, angiogenesis, and hormone regulation. Metabolomics identify disturbances in glucose metabolism, amino acids, lipid profiles, and steroid levels with PCOS FF. Collectively, these pathological alterations may adversely affect oocyte quality, embryo development, and fertility outcomes. Further research on larger cohorts is needed to validate these findings and to forge the development of prognostic biomarkers of oocyte developmental competence within FF. Characterizing the follicular environment in PCOS is key to elucidating the mechanisms underlying subfertility in this challenging disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Dai
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan 430061, China
| | - Ling Hong
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518000, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Tailang Yin
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University and Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan 430061, China
| | - Su Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen Zhongshan Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Genetics, Shenzhen Zhongshan Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital (formerly Shenzhen Zhongshan Urology Hospital), Shenzhen 518000, China
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center of Reproductive Immunology for Peri-implantation, Shenzhen 518000, China
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3
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Bafor EE, Martin T, Carrell J, Karwan M, Kimmel AE, Omogiade UG, Sanford M, Young HA, Valencia JC. Isolation of single cells from individual mouse ovaries for flow cytometry and functional analysis. STAR Protoc 2023; 4:102710. [PMID: 37963022 PMCID: PMC10679862 DOI: 10.1016/j.xpro.2023.102710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, we present a validated workflow to isolate sufficient viable single ovary cells from a single mouse without the need to pool from several mice. We provide steps essential for estrous staging, ovary harvesting and dissociation, ovary cell staining, data collection, and analysis. Our approach allows the use of these single-cell suspensions for flow sorting, flow cytometry analysis, or functional in vitro assays. Importantly, our protocol is designed to maximize the isolation of immune cells, including T cell subsets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enitome E Bafor
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
| | - Toni Martin
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jeffrey Carrell
- Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research sponsored by the National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Megan Karwan
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Adrienne E Kimmel
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Uyi G Omogiade
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Michael Sanford
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Howard A Young
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Julio C Valencia
- Cancer Innovation Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
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4
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Li X, He Y, Wu S, Zhang P, Gan M, Chen L, Zhao Y, Niu L, Zhang S, Jiang Y, Guo Z, Wang J, Shen L, Zhu L. Regulation of SIRT1 in Ovarian Function: PCOS Treatment. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:2073-2089. [PMID: 36975503 PMCID: PMC10047008 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45030133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The sirtuin family, a group of NAD+-dependent class 3 histone deacetylases (HDACs), was extensively studied initially as a group of longevity genes that are activated in caloric restriction and act in concert with nicotinamide adenine dinucleotides to extend the lifespan. Subsequent studies have found that sirtuins are involved in various physiological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle progression, and insulin signaling, and they have been extensively studied as cancer genes. In recent years, it has been found that caloric restriction increases ovarian reserves, suggesting that sirtuins may play a regulatory role in reproductive capacity, and interest in the sirtuin family has continued to increase. The purpose of this paper is to summarize the existing studies and analyze the role and mechanism of SIRT1, a member of the sirtuin family, in regulating ovarian function. Research and review on the positive regulation of SIRT1 in ovarian function and its therapeutic effect on PCOS syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinrong Li
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuxu He
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Peiwen Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Mailin Gan
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Lili Niu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Shunhua Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yanzhi Jiang
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zongyi Guo
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Jinyong Wang
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Science, Rongchang, Chongqing 402460, China
| | - Linyuan Shen
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (L.Z.)
| | - Li Zhu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Farm Animal Genetic Resource Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
- Correspondence: (L.S.); (L.Z.)
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Li J, Gao L, Wang A, Qian H, Zhu J, Ji S, Chen J, Liu Z, Ji C. Forkhead box L2 is a target of miR-133b and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:9826-9842. [PMID: 36846934 PMCID: PMC10166978 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Forkhead box L2 (FOXL2) has been recognized as a transcription factor in the progression of many malignancies, but its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. This research clarified on the role of FOXL2 and the specific molecular mechanism in NSCLC. METHODS RNA and protein levels were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting assays. Cell proliferation was examined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) and clonogenic assays. Transwell and wound healing assays were used to detect cell invasion and migration. Cell cycle alterations were assessed by flow cytometry. The relationship between FOXL2 and miR-133b was verified by dual-luciferase reporter assays. In vivo metastasis was monitored in the tail vein-injected mice. RESULTS FOXL2 was upregulated in NSCLC cells and tissues. Downregulation of FOXL2 restrained cell proliferation, migration, and invasion and arrested the cell cycle of NSCLC cells. Moreover, FOXL2 promoted the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of NSCLC cells by inducing the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/Smad signaling pathway. miR-133b directly targeted the 3'-UTR of FOXL2 and negatively regulated FOXL2 expression. Knockdown of FOXL2 blocked metastasis in vivo. CONCLUSIONS miR-133b downregulates FOXL2 by targeting the 3'-UTR of FOXL2, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation, EMT and metastasis induced by the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway in NSCLC. FOXL2 may be a potential molecular target for treating NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Respiratory Diseases, Suzhou, China.,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lirong Gao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Respiratory Diseases, Suzhou, China
| | - Anqi Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Respiratory Diseases, Suzhou, China
| | - Huiwen Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianjie Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Respiratory Diseases, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shundong Ji
- Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, MOH Key Laboratory of Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Collaborative Innovation Center of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zeyi Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.,Suzhou Key Laboratory for Respiratory Diseases, Suzhou, China.,Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cheng Ji
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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6
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Jingyun Z, Zhaoyan N, Xianglong K, Liqian, Na Z, Lvcuiting, Lina G, Haifeng W. Study on the relationship between SlRTl and oxidative stress in aged patients undergoing in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer cycles. J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2023; 52:102516. [PMID: 36442811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jogoh.2022.102516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oxidative stress (OS) has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of fertility reduction in aged patient. Silent Information Regulator 1 (SIRT1) is involved in antioxidant defense and also plays a role in regulation ovarian function. The purpose of this study was to evaluate SIRT1 and OS markers in follicular fluid (FF) and granulosa cells (GCs) for aged patient undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). METHODS This single-center prospective cohort study was performed from May 2020 to October 2021, including 92 patients undergoing IVF/ICSI at authors' institute. The patients were grouped by age, including group A (< 35 year, n = 28, age range 24-29), group B (35-40 year, n = 33, age range 35-40), and group C (> 40 year, n = 31, age range 41-47). The outcomes included in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) results, OS markers and SIRT1 levels. RESULTS Women in group B and group C had a significantly lower estradiol (E2) in the trigger day, retrieved oocytes, mature oocytes, two pronuclei (2PN) and Day3 available embryos than group A. Women in group C had a significantly lower implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate than group A. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities and SIRT1 levels were lower in FF of the group B and group C, whereas the malondialdehyde (MDA) level was higher than that in the group A. Moreover, the MDA levels were correlated negatively with SIRT1 (r = -0.422, P=0.001),while the SOD and GSH-Px was positively correlated with SIRT1 (r = 0.409, P = 0.001 and r = 0.526, P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The oxidative stress may be related to the decrease of SIRT1 in aged patients undergoing IVF-ET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Jingyun
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Postal code: 050011
| | - Nie Zhaoyan
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Postal code: 050011
| | - Kong Xianglong
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Hebei Chest Hospital, No. 372 Shengli North Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Postal code: 050010
| | - Liqian
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Hebei Chest Hospital, No. 372 Shengli North Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Postal code: 050010
| | - Zhang Na
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Postal code: 050011
| | - Lvcuiting
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Postal code: 050011
| | - Guo Lina
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12 Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Postal code: 050011
| | - Wu Haifeng
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Hebei Chest Hospital, No. 372 Shengli North Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China Postal code: 050010.
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Zhang T, He M, Zhang J, Tong Y, Chen T, Wang C, Pan W, Xiao Z. Mechanisms of primordial follicle activation and new pregnancy opportunity for premature ovarian failure patients. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1113684. [PMID: 36926197 PMCID: PMC10011087 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1113684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Primordial follicles are the starting point of follicular development and the basic functional unit of female reproduction. Primordial follicles are formed around birth, and most of the primordial follicles then enter a dormant state. Since primordial follicles are limited in number and can't be renewed, dormant primordial follicles cannot be reversed once they enter the growing state. Thus, the orderly occurrence of primordial follicles selective activation directly affects the rate of follicle consumption and thus determines the length of female reproductive lifespan. Studies have found that appropriately inhibiting the activation rate of primordial follicles can effectively slow down the rate of follicle consumption, maintain fertility and delay ovarian aging. Based on the known mechanisms of primordial follicle activation, primordial follicle in vitro activation (IVA) technique has been clinically developed. IVA can help patients with premature ovarian failure, middle-aged infertile women, or infertile women due to gynecological surgery treatment to solve infertility problems. The study of the mechanism of selective activation of primordial follicles can contribute to the development of more efficient and safe IVA techniques. In this paper, recent mechanisms of primordial follicle activation and its clinical application are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,Transformation Engineering Research Center of Chronic Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.,Prenatal Diagnosis Center in Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China.,College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.,Guizhou Institute of Precision Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Meina He
- College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.,Guizhou Institute of Precision Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Transformation Engineering Research Center of Chronic Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yuntong Tong
- Transformation Engineering Research Center of Chronic Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tengxiang Chen
- Transformation Engineering Research Center of Chronic Disease Diagnosis and Treatment, Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.,College of Basic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis and Drug Research on Common Chronic Diseases, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China.,Guizhou Institute of Precision Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Pan
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center in Guizhou Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ziwen Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Zhuang Y, Yang H. The Prognostic Significance of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in Adult Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumors: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Cancer Control 2023; 30:10732748231215165. [PMID: 37957122 PMCID: PMC10644757 DOI: 10.1177/10732748231215165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to evaluate the oncological and prognostic significance of adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) in patients with adult granulosa cell tumors of the ovary (AOGCT). METHODS We searched the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Clinical Trials, Wanfang Database, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and MEDLINE electronic databases for articles published up to May 2023. Reference lists of the enrolled studies, Google Scholar, and scientific meeting reports were also manually searched. RESULTS We enrolled 5641 patients with AOGCT from 33 eligible studies, including 1674 (29.7%) and 3967 (70.3%) patients in the CT and non-CT groups, respectively. Based on the cumulative results, adjuvant CT did not affect the risk of recurrence or progression (R/P) (odds ratio [OR]: 1.67, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-2.78, I2 = 63%, P = .05) and 5-year overall survival (OR: .86, 95% CI: .70-1.04, I2 = 0%, P = .12) of patients with AOGCT. However, adjuvant CT might reduce the 5-year disease-free survival (OR: 2.90, 95% CI: 1.19-7.08, I2 = 55%, P = .02). Sub-group analysis revealed that adjuvant CT did not affect the risk of R/P in patients with early-stage AOGCT (OR: .78, 95% CI: .43-1.43, I2 = 2%, P = .43) and advanced or recurrent AOGCT (OR: .78, 95% CI: .43-1.43, I2 = 2%, P = .43). CONCLUSION This meta-analysis suggests that patients with AOGCT might not benefit from adjuvant CT, even those with advanced or recurrent disease. The results should be interpreted with caution because of the inherent limitations of retrospective studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhuang
- Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Hua Yang
- Department of Gynecology, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Zhuhai, China
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9
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Therapeutic Effect of Melatonin in Premature Ovarian Insufficiency: Hippo Pathway Is Involved. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:3425877. [PMID: 36017238 PMCID: PMC9398856 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3425877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objective Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a female reproductive disorder of unknown etiology with no definite pathogenesis. Melatonin (MT) is an endogenous hormone synthesized mainly by pineal cells and has strong endogenous effects in regulating ovarian function. To systematically explore the pharmacological mechanism of MT on POI therapy, a literature review approach was conducted at the signaling pathways level. Methods Relevant literatures were searched and downloaded from databases, including PubMed and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, using the keywords “premature ovarian insufficiency,” “Hippo signaling pathways,” and “melatonin.” The search criteria were from 2010 to 2022. Text mining was also performed. Results MT is involved in the regulation of Hippo signaling pathway in a variety of modes and has been correlated with ovarian function. Conclusions The purpose of this review is to summarize the research progress of Hippo signaling pathways and significance of MT in POI, the potential crosstalk between MT and Hippo signaling pathways, and the prospective therapy.
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10
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Švajdler P, Vasovčák P, Švajdler M, Šedivcová M, Urbán V, Michal M, Mezencev R. CHEK2p.I157T Mutation Is Associated with Increased Risk of Adult-Type Ovarian Granulosa Cell Tumors. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14051208. [PMID: 35267514 PMCID: PMC8909001 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic germline mutations c.1100delC and p.I157T in the CHEK2 gene have been associated with increased risk of breast, colon, kidney, prostate, and thyroid cancers; however, no associations have yet been identified between these two most common European founder mutations of the CHEK2 gene and ovarian cancers of any type. Our review of 78 female heterozygous carriers of these mutations (age > 18 years) found strikingly higher proportion of adult-type granulosa cell tumors of the ovary (AGCTs) among ovarian cancers that developed in these women (~36%) compared to women from the general population (1.3%). Based on this finding, we performed a cross-sectional study that included 93 cases previously diagnosed with granulosa cell tumors, refined and validated their AGCT diagnosis through an IHC study, determined their status for the two CHEK2 mutations, and compared the prevalence of these mutations in the AGCT cases and reference populations. The prevalence ratios for the p.I157T mutation in the AGCT group relative to the global (PR = 26.52; CI95: 12.55−56.03) and European non-Finnish populations (PR = 24.55; CI95: 11.60−51.97) support an association between the CHEK2p.I157T mutation and AGCTs. These rare gynecologic tumors have not been previously associated with known risk factors and genetic predispositions. Furthermore, our results support the importance of the determination of the FOXL2p.C134W somatic mutation for accurate diagnosis of AGCTs and suggest a combination of IHC markers that can serve as a surrogate diagnostic marker to infer the mutational status of this FOXL2 allele.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peter Vasovčák
- Agel Nový Jíčín, a.s., 741 01 Nový Jíčín, Czech Republic;
| | - Marián Švajdler
- Šikl’s Department of Pathology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty Hospital in Pilsen, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic;
- Bioptická Laboratoř s. r. o., 326 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic;
- Correspondence: (M.Š.); (R.M.)
| | | | | | - Michal Michal
- Šikl’s Department of Pathology, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine and Faculty Hospital in Pilsen, 301 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic;
- Bioptická Laboratoř s. r. o., 326 00 Pilsen, Czech Republic;
| | - Roman Mezencev
- Georgia Institute of Technology, School of Biological Sciences, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA
- Correspondence: (M.Š.); (R.M.)
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11
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Alam F, Syed H, Amjad S, Baig M, Khan TA, Rehman R. Interplay between oxidative stress, SIRT1, reproductive and metabolic functions. Curr Res Physiol 2021; 4:119-124. [PMID: 34746831 PMCID: PMC8562188 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Silent information Regulators (SIRT1) gene stimulates antioxidants' expression, repairs cells damaged by oxidative stress (OS), and prevents the cells' dysfunction. In particular, the role of different Sirtuins, particularly SIRT1 in reproduction, has been widely studied over the past decade. Decreased SIRT 1 causes mitochondrial dysfunction by increasing Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and DNA damage in both male and female gametes (Sperms and Oocytes), leading to infertility. In the female reproductive system, SIRT1 regulates proliferation and apoptosis in granulosa cells (GCs), and its down-regulation is associated with a reduced ovarian reserve. SIRT1 also modulates the stress response to OS in GCs by targeting a transcription factor vital for ovarian functions and maintenance. ROS-mediated damage to spermatozoa's motility and morphology is responsible for 30-80% of men's infertility cases. High levels of ROS can cause damage to deoxyribo nucleic acid (DNA) in the nucleus and mitochondria, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis, inactivation of enzymes, and oxidation of proteins in spermatozoa. SIRT 1 is a cardioprotective molecule that prevents atherosclerosis by modulating various mechanisms such as endothelial injury due to impaired nitric oxide (NO) production, inflammation, OS, and regulation of autophagy. SIRT 1 is abundantly expressed in tubular cells and podocytes. It is also found to be highly expressed in aquaporin 2 positive cells in the distal nephron suggesting its involvement in sodium and water handling. SIRT1 improves insulin resistance by reducing OS and regulating mitochondrial biogenesis and function. It also decreases adiposity and lipogenesis and increases fatty acid oxidation. So, its involvement in the multiple pathways ensures its unique role in reproductive and metabolic derangement mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faiza Alam
- Department of Physiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.,PAPRSB Institute of Health Scienecs, Universiti Brunei Darussalam, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
| | - Hareem Syed
- Department of Cardiology, Tabba Heart Institute, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Sofia Amjad
- Department of Physiology, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mukhtiar Baig
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rabigh, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rehana Rehman
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
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12
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Tucker EJ. The Genetics and Biology of FOXL2. Sex Dev 2021; 16:184-193. [PMID: 34727551 DOI: 10.1159/000519836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
FOXL2 encodes a transcription factor that regulates a wide array of target genes including those involved in sex development, eyelid development, ovarian function and maintenance, genomic integrity as well as cellular pathways such as cell-cycle progression, proliferation, and apoptosis. The role of FOXL2 has been widely studied in humans and animals. Consistent with its role in ovarian and eyelid development, over 100 germline variants in FOXL2 are associated with blepharophimosis, ptosis, and epicanthus inversus syndrome in humans, an autosomal dominant condition characterised by ovarian dysgenesis/premature ovarian insufficiency, as well as defective eyelid development. Reflecting its role in apoptosis and proliferation, a somatic variant in FOXL2 causes adult granulosa cell tumours in humans. Despite being widely studied and having clear relevance to human disease, much remains unknown about the genes FOXL2 regulates and how it exerts its wide-reaching effect on multiple organs. This review focuses on FOXL2 and its varied roles as a transcription factor in sex determination, ovarian maintenance and function, eyelid development, genome integrity, and cell regulation, followed by discussion of the in vivo disruption of FOXL2 in humans and other species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena J Tucker
- Reproductive Development, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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13
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Emori C, Ito H, Fujii W, Naito K, Sugiura K. Oocytes suppress FOXL2 expression in cumulus cells in mice†. Biol Reprod 2021; 103:85-93. [PMID: 32307529 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cumulus cells and mural granulosa cells (MGCs) play distinct roles during follicular development, and normal development of these cell lineages is critical for the female fertility. Transcriptomic diversification between the two cell lineages is obviously a critical mechanism for their functional diversification; however, the transcriptional regulators responsible for this event have not been fully defined. In this study, we sought to identify key transcriptional regulators responsible for the differential gene expression between the two cell lineages. In silico analysis of transcriptomic comparison between cumulus cells and MGCs identified several candidate regulators responsible for the diversification of the two cell lineages. Among them, we herein focused on forkhead box L2 (FOXL2) and showed that expressions of FOXL2 as well as its target transcripts were differentially regulated between cumulus cells and MGCs. The lower expression of FOXL2 in cumulus cells seemed to be due to the suppression by oocyte-derived paracrine signals. These results suggest that FOXL2 is one of the critical transcription factors that determine cumulus cell and MGC lineages under the control of oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chihiro Emori
- Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruka Ito
- Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wataru Fujii
- Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kunihiko Naito
- Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Sugiura
- Department of Animal Resource Sciences, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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14
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Forkhead Transcription Factors in Health and Disease. Trends Genet 2021; 37:460-475. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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15
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Chen J, Chen H, Pan L. SIRT1 and gynecological malignancies (Review). Oncol Rep 2021; 45:43. [PMID: 33649834 PMCID: PMC7934219 DOI: 10.3892/or.2021.7994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), a member of the sirtuin protein family, is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent type III histone deacetylase and mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase. SIRT1 can deacetylate histones (H1, H3, and H4) and non-histone proteins, and it is widely involved in various physiological and pathological processes in the body, including metabolism, aging, transcription, DNA damage and repair, apoptosis, cell cycle regulation, inflammation and cancer. Research has shown that SIRT1 is involved in tumorigenesis, tumor metastasis and chemotherapy resistance, but it exerts opposing effects and plays different roles in different pathogenic processes. Recent studies have demonstrated that SIRT1 may be implicated in the pathogenesis, development, treatment and prognosis of tumors; however, its role in gynecological tumors remains elusive. The aim of the present review was to summarize the pathogenic roles of SIRT1 in cancer, and to provide what is, to the best of our knowledge, the first review of recent advances involving SIRT1 in cervical cancer, endometrial cancer (EC) and ovarian cancer (OC). In addition, the critical research gaps regarding SIRT1, particularly its potential involvement in the concurrence of EC and cervical cancer and its antagonistic effect against poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors in OC, were highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Houzao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
| | - Lingya Pan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, P.R. China
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16
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Secchi C, Benaglio P, Mulas F, Belli M, Stupack D, Shimasaki S. FOXO1 mitigates the SMAD3/FOXL2 C134W transcriptomic effect in a model of human adult granulosa cell tumor. J Transl Med 2021; 19:90. [PMID: 33639972 PMCID: PMC7913442 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-021-02754-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult granulosa cell tumor (aGCT) is a rare type of stromal cell malignant cancer of the ovary characterized by elevated estrogen levels. aGCTs ubiquitously harbor a somatic mutation in FOXL2 gene, Cys134Trp (c.402C < G); however, the general molecular effect of this mutation and its putative pathogenic role in aGCT tumorigenesis is not completely understood. We previously studied the role of FOXL2C134W, its partner SMAD3 and its antagonist FOXO1 in cellular models of aGCT. METHODS In this work, seeking more comprehensive profiling of FOXL2C134W transcriptomic effects, we performed an RNA-seq analysis comparing the effect of FOXL2WT/SMAD3 and FOXL2C134W/SMAD3 overexpression in an established human GC line (HGrC1), which is not luteinized, and bears normal alleles of FOXL2. RESULTS Our data shows that FOXL2C134W/SMAD3 overexpression alters the expression of 717 genes. These genes include known and novel FOXL2 targets (TGFB2, SMARCA4, HSPG2, MKI67, NFKBIA) and are enriched for neoplastic pathways (Proteoglycans in Cancer, Chromatin remodeling, Apoptosis, Tissue Morphogenesis, Tyrosine Kinase Receptors). We additionally expressed the FOXL2 antagonistic Forkhead protein, FOXO1. Surprisingly, overexpression of FOXO1 mitigated 40% of the altered genome-wide effects specifically related to FOXL2C134W, suggesting it can be a new target for aGCT treatment. CONCLUSIONS Our transcriptomic data provide novel insights into potential genes (FOXO1 regulated) that could be used as biomarkers of efficacy in aGCT patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Secchi
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.
| | - Paola Benaglio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Francesca Mulas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Martina Belli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Dwayne Stupack
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Shunichi Shimasaki
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
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17
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Bermúdez-Guzmán L, Veitia RA. Insights into the pathogenicity of missense variants in the forkhead domain of FOX proteins underlying Mendelian disorders. Hum Genet 2021; 140:999-1010. [PMID: 33638707 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-021-02267-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead box (FOX) proteins are members of a conserved family of transcription factors. Pathogenic variants in FOX genes have been shown to be responsible for several human genetic diseases. Here, we have studied the molecular and structural features of germline pathogenic variants in seven FOX proteins involved in Mendelian disorders and compared them with those of variants present in the general population (gnomAD). Our study shows that the DNA-binding domain of FOX proteins is particularly sensitive to damaging variation, although some family members show greater mutational tolerance than others. Next, we set to demonstrate that this tolerance depends on the inheritance mode of FOX-linked disorders. Accordingly, genes whose variants underlie recessive conditions are supposed to have a greater tolerance to variation. This is what we found. As expected, variants responsible for disorders with a dominant inheritance pattern show a higher degree of pathogenicity compared to those segregating in the general population. Moreover, we show that pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants tend to affect mutually exclusive sites with respect to those reported in gnomAD. The former also tend to affect sites with lower solvent exposure and a higher degree of conservation. Our results show the value of using publicly available databases and bioinformatics to gain insights into the molecular and structural bases of disease-causing genetic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Bermúdez-Guzmán
- Section of Genetics and Biotechnology, School of Biology, University of Costa Rica, San Pedro Montes de Oca, San José, Costa Rica
| | - Reiner A Veitia
- Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France. .,CNRS, Institut Jacques Monod, Université de Paris, 75006, Paris, France. .,Institut de Biologie F. Jacob, Commissariat À L'Energie Atomique, Université Paris-Saclay, Fontenay aux Roses, France.
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18
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Nicol B, Rodriguez K, Yao HHC. Aberrant and constitutive expression of FOXL2 impairs ovarian development and functions in mice. Biol Reprod 2020; 103:966-977. [PMID: 32945847 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Development and functions of the ovary rely on appropriate signaling and communication between various ovarian cell types. FOXL2, a transcription factor that plays a key role at different stages of ovarian development, is associated with primary ovarian insufficiency and ovarian cancer as a result of its loss-of-function or mutations. In this study, we investigated the impact of aberrant, constitutive expression of FOXL2 in somatic cells of the ovary. Overexpression of FOXL2 that started during fetal life resulted in defects in nest breakdown and consequent formation of polyovular follicles. Granulosa cell differentiation was impaired and recruitment and differentiation of steroidogenic theca cells was compromised. As a consequence, adult ovaries overexpressing FOXL2 exhibited defects in compartmentalization of granulosa and theca cells, significant decreased steroidogenesis and lack of ovulation. These findings demonstrate that fine-tuned expression of FOXL2 is required for proper folliculogenesis and fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Nicol
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Karina Rodriguez
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
| | - Humphrey H-C Yao
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA
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19
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Phytoestrogen genistein hinders ovarian oxidative damage and apoptotic cell death-induced by ionizing radiation: co-operative role of ER-β, TGF-β, and FOXL-2. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13551. [PMID: 32782329 PMCID: PMC7419553 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70309-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is a well-known cause of premature ovarian failure (POF). Therefore, we investigated the molecular influence of genistein (GEN) on the ovarian reserve of rats exposed to ϒ-radiation. Female Sprague Dawley rats were exposed to a 3.2 Gy γ-radiation to induce POF and/or treated with either GEN (5 mg/kg, i.p.) or Ethinyl estradiol (E2; 0.1 mg/kg, s.c.), once daily for 10 days. GEN was able to conserve primordial follicles stock and population of growing follicles accompanied with reduction in atretic follicles. GEN restored the circulating estradiol and anti-Müllerian hormone levels which were diminished after irradiation. GEN has potent antioxidant activity against radiation-mediated oxidative stress through upregulating endogenous glutathione levels and glutathione peroxidase activity. Mechanistically, GEN inhibited the intrinsic pathway of apoptosis by repressing Bax expression and augmenting Bcl-2 expression resulted in reduced Bax/Bcl-2 ratio with subsequent reduction in cytochrome c and caspase 3 expression. These promising effects of GEN are associated with improving granulosa cells proliferation. On the molecular basis, GEN reversed ovarian apoptosis through up-regulation of ER-β and FOXL-2 with downregulation of TGF-β expression, therefore inhibiting transition of primordial follicles to more growing follicles. GEN may constitute a novel therapeutic modality for safeguarding ovarian function of females' cancer survivors.
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20
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Luo W, Gu L, Li J, Gong Y. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that knocking down FOXL2 affected cell proliferation, the cell cycle, and DNA replication in chicken pre-ovulatory follicle cells. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234795. [PMID: 32645018 PMCID: PMC7347172 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box L2 (FOXL2) is a single-exon gene encoding a forkhead transcription factor, which is mainly expressed in the ovary, eyelids and the pituitary gland. FOXL2 plays an essential role in ovarian development. To reveal the effects of FOXL2 on the biological process and gene expression of ovarian granulosa cells (GCs), we established stable FOXL2-knockdown GCs and then analysed them using transcriptome sequencing. It was observed that knocking down FOXL2 affected the biological processes of cell proliferation, DNA replication, and apoptosis and affected cell cycle progression. FOXL2 knockdown promoted cell proliferation and DNA replication, decreased cell apoptosis, and promoted mitosis. In addition, by comparing the transcriptome after FOXL2 knockdown, we found a series of DEGs (differentially expressed genes) and related pathways. These results indicated that, through mediating these genes and pathways, the FOXL2 might induce the cell proliferation, cycle, and DNA replication, and play a key role during ovarian development and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Luo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Lantao Gu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinqiu Li
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Putian University, Putian, Fujian, China
| | - Yanzhang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, China
- * E-mail:
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21
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Jozkowiak M, Hutchings G, Jankowski M, Kulcenty K, Mozdziak P, Kempisty B, Spaczynski RZ, Piotrowska-Kempisty H. The Stemness of Human Ovarian Granulosa Cells and the Role of Resveratrol in the Differentiation of MSCs-A Review Based on Cellular and Molecular Knowledge. Cells 2020; 9:E1418. [PMID: 32517362 PMCID: PMC7349183 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian Granulosa Cells (GCs) are known to proliferate in the developing follicle and undergo several biochemical processes during folliculogenesis. They represent a multipotent cell population that has been differentiated to neuronal cells, chondrocytes, and osteoblasts in vitro. However, progression and maturation of GCs are accompanied by a reduction in their stemness. In the developing follicle, GCs communicate with the oocyte bidirectionally via gap junctions. Together with neighboring theca cells, they play a crucial role in steroidogenesis, particularly the production of estradiol, as well as progesterone following luteinization. Many signaling pathways are known to be important throughout the follicle development, leading either towards luteinization and release of the oocyte, or follicular atresia and apoptosis. These signaling pathways include cAMP, PI3K, SMAD, Hedgehog (HH), Hippo and Notch, which act together in a complex manner to control the maturation of GCs through regulation of key genes, from the primordial follicle to the luteal phase. Small molecules such as resveratrol, a phytoalexin found in grapes, peanuts and other dietary constituents, may be able to activate/inhibit these signaling pathways and thereby control physiological properties of GCs. This article reviews the current knowledge about granulosa stem cells, the signaling pathways driving their development and maturation, as well as biological activities of resveratrol and its properties as a pro-differentiation agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Jozkowiak
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30 St., PL-60-631 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Greg Hutchings
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Swiecickiego 6 St., PL-60-781 Poznan, Poland; (G.H.); (M.J.); (B.K.)
| | - Maurycy Jankowski
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Swiecickiego 6 St., PL-60-781 Poznan, Poland; (G.H.); (M.J.); (B.K.)
| | - Katarzyna Kulcenty
- Radiology Lab, Department of Medical Physics, Greater Poland Cancer Centre, Garbary 15 St., PL-61-866 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Paul Mozdziak
- Physiology Graduate Program, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7608, Raleigh, NC 27695-7608, USA;
| | - Bartosz Kempisty
- Department of Anatomy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Swiecickiego 6 St., PL-60-781 Poznan, Poland; (G.H.); (M.J.); (B.K.)
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Swiecickiego 6 St., PL-60-781 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital and Masaryk University, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Robert Z. Spaczynski
- Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecological Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Polna 33 St., PL-60-535 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Hanna Piotrowska-Kempisty
- Department of Toxicology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Dojazd 30 St., PL-60-631 Poznan, Poland;
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22
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Nie Z, Zhang L, Chen W, Zhang Y, Hua R, Wang W, Zhang T, Wu H. The protective effects of pretreatment with resveratrol in cyclophosphamide-induced rat ovarian granulosa cell injury: In vitro study. Reprod Toxicol 2020; 95:66-74. [PMID: 32446930 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2020.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (Cy), a chemotherapeutic agent, is widely used to treat tumoursand is also associated with premature ovarian insufficiency. 4-Hydroperoxycyclophosphamide (4-HC), an active metabolite of Cy, was used for in vitro experiments. Granulosa cells (GCs) are crucial for maintaining follicle development and are also used in reproductive toxicity research in vitro. Resveratrol (Res), a polyphenolic compound, exhibits multiple effects in cells and animal models. To date, whether Res pretreatment has a protective effect on GCs induced by Cy remains unclear. This was an in vitro study, and primary cultures of rat GCs were used. Rat GCs were treated with 4-HC alone, Res + 4-HC or Res + 4-HC + EX527, and GCs survival rates, oxidative stress levels, apoptosis rates and related Sirt1 pathway proteins were evaluated. We demonstrated that 4-HC caused GC damage by increasing oxidative stress, autophagy and apoptosis. Res pretreatment improved 4-HC-induced GC damage by increasing Sirt1 expression, reducing oxidative stress levels and decreasing Beclin1, LC3B, Bax and Caspase-3 levels. Importantly, the addition of EX527, which is a selective inhibitor of Sirt1, reversed the protective effect of Res pretreatment, indicating that Sirt1 may be an important mediator of the protective effect of Res. Taken together, we demonstrated that Res may be a potential drug to improve fertility preservation for patients undergoing chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyan Nie
- Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China; Department of Reproductive Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China.
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan East Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, China
| | - Rui Hua
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, No.12, Jiankang Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, China
| | - Haifeng Wu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Hebei Chest Hospital, No. 372, Shengli North Street, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050010, China
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FOXL2 directs DNA double-strand break repair pathways by differentially interacting with Ku. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2010. [PMID: 32332759 PMCID: PMC7181608 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15748-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The balance between major DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair pathways is influenced by binding of the Ku complex, a XRCC5/6 heterodimer, to DSB ends, initiating non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) but preventing additional DSB end resection and homologous recombination (HR). However, the key molecular cue for Ku recruitment to DSB sites is unknown. Here, we report that FOXL2, a forkhead family transcriptional factor, directs DSB repair pathway choice by acetylation-dependent binding to Ku. Upon DSB induction, SIRT1 translocates to the nucleus and deacetylates FOXL2 at lysine 124, leading to liberation of XRCC5 and XRCC6 from FOXL2 and formation of the Ku complex. FOXL2 ablation enhances Ku recruitment to DSB sites, imbalances DSB repair kinetics by accelerating NHEJ and inhibiting HR, and thus leads to catastrophic genomic events. Our study unveils the SIRT1-(de)acetylated FOXL2-Ku axis that governs the balance of DSB repair pathways to maintain genome integrity.
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Yang Y, Cheung HH, Zhang C, Wu J, Chan WY. Melatonin as Potential Targets for Delaying Ovarian Aging. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 20:16-28. [PMID: 30156157 DOI: 10.2174/1389450119666180828144843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In previous studies, oxidative stress damage has been solely considered to be the mechanism of ovarian aging, and several antioxidants have been used to delay ovarian aging. But recently, more reports have found that endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy, sirtuins, mitochondrial dysfunction, telomeres, gene mutation, premature ovarian failure, and polycystic ovary syndrome are all closely related to ovarian aging, and these factors all interact with oxidative stress. These novel insights on ovarian aging are summarized in this review. Furthermore, as a pleiotropic molecule, melatonin is an important antioxidant and used as drugs for several diseases treatment. Melatonin regulates not only oxidative stress, but also the various molecules, and normal and pathological processes interact with ovarian functions and aging. Hence, the mechanism of ovarian aging and the extensive role of melatonin in the ovarian aging process are described herein. This systematic review supply new insights into ovarian aging and the use of melatonin to delay its onset, further supply a novel drug of melatonin for ovarian aging treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanzhou Yang
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 75004, China
| | - Hoi-Hung Cheung
- Chinese University of Hong Kong - Shandong University Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, SAR, Hong Kong
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Life Science, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ji Wu
- Key Laboratory of Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics in Ningxia, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, 75004, China.,Renji Hospital, Key Laboratory for the Genetics of Developmental & Neuropsychiatric Disorders (Ministry of Education), Bio-X Institutes, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wai-Yee Chan
- Chinese University of Hong Kong - Shandong University Joint Laboratory for Reproductive Genetics, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, SAR, Hong Kong
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Hu J, Ke H, Luo W, Yang Y, Liu H, Li G, Qin Y, Ma J, Zhao S. A novel FOXL2 mutation in two infertile patients with blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 37:223-229. [PMID: 31823134 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01651-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) is a rare, autosomal dominant disease. There are two clinical types of BPES: type I patients have eyelid abnormalities accompanied by infertility in affected females, while type II patients only display eyelid malformations. Previous studies have reported that the forkhead box L2 (FOXL2) gene mutations cause BPES. PURPOSE To identify plausible FOXL2 mutation in a Chinese family with BPES and infertility METHODS: Mutational screening of FOXL2 was performed in the affected members and 223 controls. Functional characterization of the novel mutation identified was carried out in vitro by luciferase reporter assay and subcellular localization experiment. RESULTS A novel heterozygous mutation c.188 T > A (p.I63N) in FOXL2 was identified in two BPES patients in this family. The mutation abolished the transcriptional repression of FOXL2 on the promoters of CYP19A1 and CCND2 genes, as shown by luciferase reporter assays. However, no dominant-negative effect was observed for the mutation, and it did not impact FOXL2 protein nuclear localization and distribution. CONCLUSIONS The mutation c.188 T > A (p.I63N) in FOXL2 might be causative for BPES and infertility in this family and further amplified the spectrum of FOXL2 mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingmei Hu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hanni Ke
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yajuan Yang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Hongli Liu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Guangyu Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yingying Qin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Jinlong Ma
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Shidou Zhao
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, National Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Reproductive Genetics, The Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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26
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Penrad-Mobayed M, Perrin C, Herman L, Todeschini AL, Nigon F, Cosson B, Caburet S, Veitia RA. Conventional and unconventional interactions of the transcription factor FOXL2 uncovered by a proteome-wide analysis. FASEB J 2019; 34:571-587. [PMID: 31914586 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201901573r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Beyond the study of its transcriptional target genes, the identification of the various interactors of a transcription factor (TF) is crucial to understand its diverse cellular roles. We focused on FOXL2, a winged-helix forkhead TF important for ovarian development and maintenance. FOXL2 has been implicated in diverse cellular processes, including apoptosis, the control of cell cycle or the regulation of steroid hormone synthesis. To reliably identify partners of endogenous FOXL2, we performed a proteome-wide analysis using co-immunoprecipitation in the murine granulosa cell-derived AT29c and the pituitary-derived alpha-T3 cell lines, using three antibodies targeting different parts of the protein. Following a stringent selection of mass spectrometry data on the basis of identification reliability and protein enrichment, we identified a core set of 255 partners common to both cell lines. Their analysis showed that we could co-precipitate several complexes involved in mRNA processing, chromatin remodeling and DNA replication and repair. We further validated (direct and/or indirect) interactions with selected partners, suggesting an unexpected role for FOXL2 in those processes. Overall, this comprehensive analysis of the endogenous FOXL2 interactome sheds light on its numerous and diverse interactors and unconventional cellular roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- May Penrad-Mobayed
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS UMR7592, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Perrin
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS UMR7592, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Laetitia Herman
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS UMR7592, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Fabienne Nigon
- Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS UMR7216, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Cosson
- Epigenetics and Cell Fate, CNRS UMR7216, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Caburet
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS UMR7592, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Reiner A Veitia
- Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS UMR7592, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Cluzet V, Devillers MM, Petit F, Chauvin S, François CM, Giton F, Genestie C, di Clemente N, Cohen-Tannoudji J, Guigon CJ. Aberrant granulosa cell-fate related to inactivated p53/Rb signaling contributes to granulosa cell tumors and to FOXL2 downregulation in the mouse ovary. Oncogene 2019; 39:1875-1890. [DOI: 10.1038/s41388-019-1109-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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28
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Niu BB, Tang N, Xu Q, Chai PW. Genomic Disruption of FOXL2 in Blepharophimosis-Ptosis-Epicanthus Inversus Syndrome Type 2: A Novel Deletion-Insertion Compound Mutation. Chin Med J (Engl) 2019; 131:2380-2383. [PMID: 30246734 PMCID: PMC6166469 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.241818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bei-Bei Niu
- Scientific Research Center, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ning Tang
- Scientific Research Center, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Qin Xu
- Scientific Research Center, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Pei-Wei Chai
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Nicol B, Grimm SA, Gruzdev A, Scott GJ, Ray MK, Yao HHC. Genome-wide identification of FOXL2 binding and characterization of FOXL2 feminizing action in the fetal gonads. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:4273-4287. [PMID: 30212841 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The identity of the gonads is determined by which fate, ovarian granulosa cell or testicular Sertoli cell, the bipotential somatic cell precursors choose to follow. In most vertebrates, the conserved transcription factor FOXL2 contributes to the fate of granulosa cells. To understand FOXL2 functions during gonad differentiation, we performed genome-wide analysis of FOXL2 chromatin occupancy in fetal ovaries and established a genetic mouse model that forces Foxl2 expression in the fetal testis. When FOXL2 was ectopically expressed in the somatic cell precursors in the fetal testis, FOXL2 was sufficient to repress Sertoli cell differentiation, ultimately resulting in partial testis-to-ovary sex-reversal. Combining genome-wide analysis of FOXL2 binding in the fetal ovary with transcriptomic analyses of our Foxl2 gain-of-function and previously published Foxl2 loss-of-function models, we identified potential pathways responsible for the feminizing action of FOXL2. Finally, comparison of FOXL2 genome-wide occupancy in the fetal ovary with testis-determining factor SOX9 genome-wide occupancy in the fetal testis revealed extensive overlaps, implying that antagonistic signals between FOXL2 and SOX9 occur at the chromatin level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Nicol
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Sara A Grimm
- Integrative Bioinformatics Support Group, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Artiom Gruzdev
- Knockout Mouse Core Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Greg J Scott
- Knockout Mouse Core Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Manas K Ray
- Knockout Mouse Core Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
| | - Humphrey H-C Yao
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
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30
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Li H, Gu Y. Genetic and Functional Analyses of Two Missense Mutations in the Transcription Factor FOXL2 in Two Chinese Families with Blepharophimosis-Ptosis-Epicanthus Inversus Syndrome. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2018; 22:585-592. [PMID: 30234390 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2018.0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Blepharophimosis-ptosis-epicanthus inversus syndrome (BPES) is a rare autosomal-dominant inherited disease. This study was carried out to investigate the genetic and functional changes within the FOXL2 gene in two Chinese families with BPES. MATERIALS AND METHODS DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood of 26 persons from two different Chinese BPES families (13 of which were affected), as well as 200 cataract patients to act as normal controls. FOXL2 gene mutations were detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing techniques. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to analyze the structures and functions of the mutant proteins. Wild-type and mutant FOXL2 genes were subcloned into pEGFP-N1 and pCDB vectors and then transfected into COS7 and HEK293T cell lines. We observed protein subcellular localization, and used quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR and western blots to assess regulation of the target OSR2 gene. RESULTS We detected two novel missense mutations, c.162G>T (p.Lys54Asn) and c.308G>A (p.Arg103His), in the FOXL2 gene; one in each of the study families. Bioinformatic analyses indicated no obvious differences between the wild-type and mutant protein structures. However, they did predict that the two mutations were likely damaging to protein function. We found that the two mutated proteins were both largely distributed within the nucleus and that there was little found in the cytoplasm. The OSR2 mRNA content decreased significantly when the plasmids carrying the c.162G>T and c.308G>A were transfected into COS7 and HEK293 cell lines, when compared to the empty and the wild-type FOXL2 carrier. Western blot analyses indicated, that after transfecting the c.162G>T mutation, the OSR2 protein level was relatively similar to the wild-type, but that the cells transfected with the c.308G>A mutation showed significantly decreased levels of the OSR2 protein. CONCLUSIONS Our study broadens the BPES gene mutation spectrum and suggests a possible mechanism of action. It also provides reference data for the further studies of BPES.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
| | - Yangshun Gu
- Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University , Hangzhou, China
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Belli M, Iwata N, Nakamura T, Iwase A, Stupack D, Shimasaki S. FOXL2C134W-Induced CYP19 Expression via Cooperation With SMAD3 in HGrC1 Cells. Endocrinology 2018; 159:1690-1703. [PMID: 29471425 PMCID: PMC6238151 DOI: 10.1210/en.2017-03207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Germline knockout studies in female mice demonstrated an essential role for forkhead box L2 (FOXL2) in early follicle development, whereas an inducible granulosa cell (GC)-specific deletion of Foxl2 in adults has shown ovary-to-testis somatic sex reprogramming. In women, over 120 different germline mutations in the FOXL2 gene have been shown to cause blepharophimosis/ptosis/epicantus inversus syndrome associated with or without primary ovarian insufficiency. By contrast, a single somatic mutation (FOXL2C134W) accounts for almost all adult-type GC tumors (aGCTs). To test the hypothesis that FOXL2C134W differentially regulates the expression of aGCT markers, we investigated the effect of FOXL2C134W on inhibin B and P450 aromatase expression using a recently established human GC line (HGrC1), which we now show to bear two normal alleles of FOXL2. Neither FOXL2wt nor FOXL2C134W regulate INHBB messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. However, FOXL2C134W selectively displays a 50-fold induction of CYP19 mRNA expression dependent upon activin A. Mechanistically, the CYP19 promoter is activated in a similar way by FOXL2C134W interaction with SMAD3, but not by FOXL2wt. SMAD2 had no effect. Moreover, FOXL2C134W interactions with SMAD3 and with the FOX binding element located at -199 bp upstream of the ATG initiation codon of CYP19 are more sustainable than FOXL2wt. Thus, FOXL2C134W potentiates CYP19 expression in HGrC1 cells via enhanced recruitment of SMAD3 to a proximal FOX binding element. These findings may explain the pathophysiology of estrogen excess in patients with aGCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Belli
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Nahoko Iwata
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Tomoko Nakamura
- Center for Maternal-Perinatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Akira Iwase
- Center for Maternal-Perinatal Care, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Dwayne Stupack
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Shunichi Shimasaki
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
- Correspondence: Shunichi Shimasaki, PhD, Department of Reproductive Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093. E-mail:
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Bildik G, Akin N, Senbabaoglu F, Esmalian Y, Sahin GN, Urman D, Karahuseyinoglu S, Ince U, Palaoglu E, Taskiran C, Arvas M, Guzel Y, Yakin K, Oktem O. Endogenous c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activity marks the boundary between normal and malignant granulosa cells. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:421. [PMID: 29549247 PMCID: PMC5856777 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0459-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Granulosa cell tumor of the ovary (GCT) is a very rare tumor, accounting for only 2% of all ovarian tumors. It originates from sex cords in the ovary and can be divided into adult (95%) and juvenile (5%) types based on histologic findings. To date, no clear etiologic process has been identified other than a missense point mutation in the FOXL2 gene. Our previous works showed that c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway plays critical role in cell cycle progression and mitosis of normal and immortalized granulosa cells and follicle growth in rodent ovaries. These findings led us to investigate the role of JNK pathway in the granulosa cell tumor of the ovary. We used two different GCT cell lines (COV434 and KGN) and fresh GCT samples of adult and juvenile types obtained from the patients during surgery. We have discovered that endogenous kinase activity of JNK is markedly enhanced in the GCT samples and cell lines, whereas it was almost undetectable in mitotic non-malignant human granulosa cells. The inhibition of JNK pathway in GCT cell lines with two different pharmacologic inhibitors (SP600125 and AS601245) or siRNA resulted in a dose-dependent reduction in in vitro cell growth, increased apoptosis and diminished estradiol and AMH productions. JNK inhibition was also associated with a decrease in the number of cells positive for mitosis marker phospho-histone H3Ser 10 in the asynchronous cells; and diminished EdU uptake during S phase and cell cycle arrest at G2/M-phase transition in the synchronized cells. Ex vivo treatment of patient-derived GCT samples with JNK inhibitors for 24 h significantly decreased their in vitro growth and estradiol and AMH productions. Furthermore, in human GCT xenograft model, in vivo tumor growth was significantly reduced and plasma AMH levels were significantly decreased in SCID mice after administration of JNK inhibitors and siRNA. These findings suggest that targeting JNK pathway may provide therapeutic benefit in the treatment of granulosa cell tumors for which currently no curative therapy exists beyond surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Bildik
- Graduate School of Health Sciences and School of Medicines, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Nazli Akin
- Graduate School of Health Sciences and School of Medicines, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Filiz Senbabaoglu
- Graduate School of Health Sciences and School of Medicines, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yashar Esmalian
- Graduate School of Health Sciences and School of Medicines, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Nur Sahin
- Graduate School of Health Sciences and School of Medicines, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Defne Urman
- Graduate School of Health Sciences and School of Medicines, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sercin Karahuseyinoglu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Umit Ince
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Acibadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Erhan Palaoglu
- American Hospital Clinical Biochemistry Laboratories, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Cagatay Taskiran
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gynecologic Oncology Division, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Macit Arvas
- Women's Health Center, American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yilmaz Guzel
- Women's Health Center, American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kayhan Yakin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Translational Research Laboratories, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Oktem
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Translational Research Laboratories, School of Medicine, Koc University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Tatone C, Di Emidio G, Barbonetti A, Carta G, Luciano AM, Falone S, Amicarelli F. Sirtuins in gamete biology and reproductive physiology: emerging roles and therapeutic potential in female and male infertility. Hum Reprod Update 2018; 24:267-289. [DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmy003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carla Tatone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Gynecology Unit, Reproductive Service, San Salvatore Hospital, Via Vetoio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Giovanna Di Emidio
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Gynecology Unit, Reproductive Service, San Salvatore Hospital, Via Vetoio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | | | - Gaspare Carta
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Gynecology Unit, Reproductive Service, San Salvatore Hospital, Via Vetoio, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Alberto M Luciano
- Department of Health, Animal Science and Food Safety, Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Falone
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
| | - Fernanda Amicarelli
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L’Aquila, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
- Institute of Translational Pharmacology (IFT), CNR, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy
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Lesage-Padilla A, Forde N, Poirée M, Healey GD, Giraud-Delville C, Reinaud P, Eozenou C, Vitorino Carvalho A, Galio L, Raliou M, Oudin JF, Richard C, Sheldon IM, Charpigny G, Lonergan P, Sandra O. Maternal metabolism affects endometrial expression of oxidative stress and FOXL2 genes in cattle. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189942. [PMID: 29281695 PMCID: PMC5744954 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Intensive selection for milk production has led to reduced reproductive efficiency in high-producing dairy cattle. The impact of intensive milk production on oocyte quality as well as early embryo development has been established but few analyses have addressed this question at the initiation of implantation, a critical milestone ensuring a successful pregnancy and normal post-natal development. Our study aimed to determine if contrasted maternal metabolism affects the previously described sensory properties of the endometrium to the conceptus in cattle. Following embryo transfer at Day 7 post-oestrus, endometrial caruncular (CAR) and intercaruncular (ICAR) areas were collected at Day 19 from primiparous postpartum Holstein-Friesian cows that were dried-off immediately after parturition (i.e., never milked; DRY) or milked twice daily (LACT). Gene quantification indicated no significant impact of lactation on endometrial expression of transcripts previously reported as conceptus-regulated (PLET1, PTGS2, SOCS6) and interferon-tau stimulated (RSAD2, SOCS1, SOCS3, STAT1) factors or known as female hormone-regulated genes (FOXL2, SCARA5, PTGS2). Compared with LACT cows, DRY cows exhibited mRNA levels with increased expression for FOXL2 transcription factor and decreased expression for oxidative stress-related genes (CAT, SOD1, SOD2). In vivo and in vitro experiments highlighted that neither interferon-tau nor FOXL2 were involved in transcriptional regulation of CAT, SOD1 and SOD2. In addition, our data showed that variations in maternal metabolism had a higher impact on gene expression in ICAR areas. Collectively, our findings prompt the need to fully understand the extent to which modifications in endometrial physiology drive the trajectory of conceptus development from implantation onwards when maternal metabolism is altered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niamh Forde
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mélanie Poirée
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Gareth D. Healey
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Caroline Eozenou
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
| | | | - Laurent Galio
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Mariam Raliou
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
| | | | | | - I. Martin Sheldon
- Institute of Life Science, Swansea University Medical School, Swansea University, Swansea, United Kingdom
| | - Gilles Charpigny
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Pat Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Olivier Sandra
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
- * E-mail:
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Lim D, Oliva E. Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumours: an update in recent molecular advances. Pathology 2017; 50:178-189. [PMID: 29275930 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2017.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Sex cord-stromal tumours (SCSTs) consist of a heterogeneous group of neoplasms with diverse clinicopathological features and biological behaviour. They often present as a diagnostic challenge as they have varied and occasionally overlapping histomorphology and some may even mimic non-SCSTs. An accurate diagnosis is important for therapeutic and prognostic purposes. The use of a panel of immunohistochemical markers which are sensitive and specific for sex cord-stromal differentiation such as α-inhibin, calretinin, SF-1 and FOXL2, may be helpful in confirming the cellular lineage of these tumours, but is of limited utility in distinguishing between the different tumour types within this category. Additionally, the development of new therapeutic strategies in patients with SCSTs is also hampered by the infrequent occurrence of these neoplasms. Recent molecular analyses of some SCSTs has led to the discovery of novel molecular events, which may have important diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic implications. The salient pathological features, management issues and recently described genetic aberrations in adult and juvenile granulosa cell tumours as well as Sertoli-Leydig cell tumours are discussed in this review, with particular emphasis on the clinical significance of FOXL2 and DICER1 mutations. An in-depth understanding of the molecular pathogenesis underlying SCSTs may aid in improving tumour classification and disease prognostication and also potentially lead to the discovery of more effective treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Lim
- Department of Pathology, National University Hospital, Singapore; Translational Centre for Development and Research, National University Health System, Singapore.
| | - Esther Oliva
- Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States
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Färkkilä A, Haltia UM, Tapper J, McConechy MK, Huntsman DG, Heikinheimo M. Pathogenesis and treatment of adult-type granulosa cell tumor of the ovary. Ann Med 2017; 49:435-447. [PMID: 28276867 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2017.1294760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Adult-type granulosa cell tumor is a clinically and molecularly unique subtype of ovarian cancer. These tumors originate from the sex cord stromal cells of the ovary and represent 3-5% of all ovarian cancers. The majority of adult-type granulosa cell tumors are diagnosed at an early stage with an indolent prognosis. Surgery is the cornerstone for the treatment of both primary and relapsed tumor, while chemotherapy is applied only for advanced or non-resectable cases. Tumor stage is the only factor consistently associated with prognosis. However, every third of the patients relapse, typically in 4-7 years from diagnosis, leading to death in 50% of these patients. Anti-Müllerian Hormone and inhibin B are currently the most accurate circulating biomarkers. Adult-type granulosa cell tumors are molecularly characterized by a pathognomonic somatic missense point mutation 402C->G (C134W) in the transcription factor FOXL2. The FOXL2 402C->G mutation leads to increased proliferation and survival of granulosa cells, and promotes hormonal changes. Histological diagnosis of adult-type granulosa cell tumor is challenging, therefore testing for the FOXL2 mutation is crucial for differential diagnosis. Large international collaborations utilizing molecularly defined cohorts are essential to improve and validate new treatment strategies for patients with high-risk or relapsed adult-type granulosa cell tumor. Key Messages: Adult-type granulosa cell tumor is a unique ovarian cancer with an indolent, albeit unpredictable disease course. Adult-type granulosa cell tumors harbor a pathognomonic somatic missense mutation in transcription factor FOXL2. The key challenges in the treatment of patients with adult-type granulosa cell tumor lie in the identification and management of patients with high-risk or relapsed disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anniina Färkkilä
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland.,b Children's Hospital , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Ulla-Maija Haltia
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland.,b Children's Hospital , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Johanna Tapper
- a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland
| | - Melissa K McConechy
- c Department of Human Genetics , Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University , Montreal , Canada
| | - David G Huntsman
- d Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , Canada.,e Department of Molecular Oncology , British Columbia Cancer Agency , Vancouver , Canada
| | - Markku Heikinheimo
- b Children's Hospital , University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital , Helsinki , Finland.,f Department of Pediatrics , Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis Children's Hospital , St. Louis , MO , USA
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Guzel Y, Oktem O. Understanding follicle growth in vitro: Are we getting closer to obtaining mature oocytes from in vitro-grown follicles in human? Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:544-559. [PMID: 28452156 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Obtaining and fertilizing mature oocytes from immature follicles that were grown outside the body has conceptually attracted scientists for centuries, with initial attempts first documented in the 19th century. Significant progress has been made since then, due in part to a better understanding of folliculogenesis and improved techniques of in vitro follicle growth. Indeed, in vitro growth is now considered a reasonable approach to preserve or restore fertility when immature follicles and their oocytes need to be grown and matured outside the body. Certain patients would benefit from in vitro follicle growth, particularly those who carry a risk of cancer re-seeding after grafting of frozen-thawed ovarian tissue or who are at the risk of premature ovarian failure due to several intrinsic ovarian defects and genetic mutations that lead to accelerated follicle atresia and early exhaustion of the ovarian reserve. This review provides an update on the current status of in vitro growth of preantral human follicles, from initial efforts to the most recent achievements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilmaz Guzel
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Istanbul Aydin University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozgur Oktem
- Division Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koc University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.,Women's Health Center, Assisted Reproduction Unit, American Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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Expression analysis of microRNAs and mRNAs in ovarian granulosa cells after microcystin-LR exposure. Toxicon 2017; 129:11-19. [PMID: 28161121 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2017.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Microcystin is a cyclic heptapeptide compounds which could cause female mammals' reproductive toxicity. Ovarian granulosa cells (GCs) are essential for the growth and development of follicles. In this study, after mouse granulosa cells (mGCs) treated with microcystin-LR (MC-LR) for 48 h, microRNAs (miRNAs) and mRNAs microarray technology were adopted to detect the expression of miRNAs and mRNAs. The results showed that 125 miRNAs and 283 mRNAs changed significantly, including 50 miRNAs down-regulated (fold change < -1.2), 75 miRNAs up-regulated (fold change > 1.2), 162 mRNAs down-regulated (fold change < -1.15) and 121 mRNAs up-regulated (fold change > 1.15) in treated group compared with the control group. Functional analysis showed that significant changed miRNAs and mRNAs are mainly involved in proliferation, apoptosis, immunity, metabolism and other biological processes of mGCs. By KEGG pathways analysis, we found that differentially expressed miRNAs and mRNAs mainly participated in apoptosis, formation of cancer, proliferation, production of hormones and other related signal pathways. miRNA-gene network analysis indicated that miR-29b-3p, miR-29a-3p, miR-29c-3p, miR-1906, miR-182-5p, growth factor receptor bound protein 2-associated protein 2 (Gab2), FBJ osteosarcoma oncogene (Fos), insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf1), mannosidase 1, alpha (Man1a) are key miRNAs and genes. The microarray results were validated by real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR).
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Sirotkin AV. The Role and Application of Sirtuins and mTOR Signaling in the Control of Ovarian Functions. Cells 2016; 5:cells5040042. [PMID: 27886120 PMCID: PMC5187526 DOI: 10.3390/cells5040042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2016] [Revised: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present short review demonstrates the involvement of sirtuins (SIRTs) in the control of ovarian functions at various regulatory levels. External and endocrine factors can affect female reproduction via SIRTs-mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) system, which, via hormones and growth factors, can in turn regulate basic ovarian functions (proliferation, apoptosis, secretory activity of ovarian cells, their response to upstream hormonal regulators, ovarian folliculo- and oogenesis, and fecundity). SIRTs and SIRTs-related signaling molecules and drugs regulating mTOR can be used for characterization, prediction, and regulation of ovarian functions, as well as for diagnostics and treatment of ovarian disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Sirotkin
- Department of Zoology and Anthropology, Constantine the Philosopher University, 94974 Nitra, Slovakia.
- Research Institute of Animal Production, 941 51 Lužianky, Slovakia.
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40
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Elzaiat M, Todeschini AL, Caburet S, Veitia R. The genetic make-up of ovarian development and function: the focus on the transcription factor FOXL2. Clin Genet 2016; 91:173-182. [DOI: 10.1111/cge.12862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Elzaiat
- Molecular and Cellular Pathologies; Institut Jacques Monod; Paris France
- UFR Sciences du Vivant; Université Paris Diderot-Paris VII; Paris France
| | - A.-L. Todeschini
- Molecular and Cellular Pathologies; Institut Jacques Monod; Paris France
- UFR Sciences du Vivant; Université Paris Diderot-Paris VII; Paris France
| | - S. Caburet
- Molecular and Cellular Pathologies; Institut Jacques Monod; Paris France
- UFR Sciences du Vivant; Université Paris Diderot-Paris VII; Paris France
| | - R.A. Veitia
- Molecular and Cellular Pathologies; Institut Jacques Monod; Paris France
- UFR Sciences du Vivant; Université Paris Diderot-Paris VII; Paris France
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41
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Pannetier M, Chassot AA, Chaboissier MC, Pailhoux E. Involvement of FOXL2 and RSPO1 in Ovarian Determination, Development, and Maintenance in Mammals. Sex Dev 2016; 10:167-184. [PMID: 27649556 DOI: 10.1159/000448667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, sex determination is a process through which the gonad is committed to differentiate into a testis or an ovary. This process relies on a delicate balance between genetic pathways that promote one fate and inhibit the other. Once the gonad is committed to the female pathway, ovarian differentiation begins and, depending on the species, is completed during gestation or shortly after birth. During this step, granulosa cell precursors, steroidogenic cells, and primordial germ cells start to express female-specific markers in a sex-dimorphic manner. The germ cells then arrest at prophase I of meiosis and, together with somatic cells, assemble into functional structures. This organization gives the ovary its definitive morphology and functionality during folliculogenesis. Until now, 2 main genetic cascades have been shown to be involved in female sex differentiation. The first is driven by FOXL2, a transcription factor that also plays a crucial role in folliculogenesis and ovarian fate maintenance in adults. The other operates through the WNT/CTNNB1 canonical pathway and is regulated primarily by R-spondin1. Here, we discuss the roles of FOXL2 and RSPO1/WNT/ CTNNB1 during ovarian development and homeostasis in different models, such as humans, goats, and rodents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maëlle Pannetier
- UMR BDR, INRA, ENVA, Université Paris Saclay, Jouy en Josas, France
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42
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Overexpression of Sirtuin-1 is associated with poor clinical outcome in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2015; 37:7139-48. [PMID: 26662958 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-4459-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), one member of the mammalian sirtuin family, has been suggested to play an essential role in the development and progression of many tumors. However, the relationship between expression of SIRT1 and prognosis of esophageal cancer is still unknown. This study aimed to investigate SIRT1 expression and its possible prognostic value in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). A total of 86 patients with ESCC were enrolled in our study group. Clinical data and matched tissues were collected. Western blotting and real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) were carried out to explore the expression of SIRT1 in four human ESCC cell lines, one human normal epithelial cell line, and clinical ESCC tissues. Expression levels of SIRT1 protein in tissues of specimens were detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Survival analysis was carried out using the Kaplan-Meier method. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed to evaluate the correlation of SIRT1 expression with clinical features and prognosis of ESCC patients. Basal expression levels of SIRT1 protein in ESCC tumor tissues and cell lines were higher than those in the control groups. IHC analysis showed that expression levels of SIRT1 protein significantly correlated with TNM stage and lymph node status of ESCC patients. Moreover, upregulated SIRT1 expression was associated with poor clinical prognosis. High SIRT1 expression in ESCC could serve as an independent predictive biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis in ESCC patients.
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Kim JH, Kim YH, Kim HM, Park HO, Ha NC, Kim TH, Park M, Lee K, Bae J. FOXL2 posttranslational modifications mediated by GSK3β determine the growth of granulosa cell tumours. Nat Commun 2015; 5:2936. [PMID: 24390485 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms3936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 97% of patients with ovarian granulosa cell tumours (GCTs) bear the C134W mutation in FOXL2; however, the pathophysiological mechanism of this mutation is unknown. Here we report how this mutation affects GCT development. Sequential posttranslational modifications of the C134W mutant occur where hyperphosphorylation at serine 33 (S33) by GSK3β induces MDM2-mediated ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. In contrast, S33 of wild-type FOXL2 is underphosphorylated, leading to its SUMOylation and stabilization. This prominent hyperphosphorylation is also observed at S33 of FOXL2 in GCT patients bearing the C134W mutation. In xenograft mice, the S33 phosphorylation status correlates with the oncogenicity of FOXL2, and the inhibition of GSK3β efficiently represses GCT growth. These findings reveal a previously unidentified regulatory mechanism that determines the oncogenic attributes of the C134W mutation via differential posttranslational modifications of FOXL2 in GCT development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hong Kim
- 1] College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea [2]
| | - Yong-Hak Kim
- 1] Department of Microbiology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, 17 Duruegongwon-Ro, Nam-Gu, Daegu 705-718, Korea [2]
| | - Hong-Man Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Ho-Oak Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Nam-Chul Ha
- Department of Manufacturing Pharmacy, Pusan National University, 63 Busandaehak-Ro, Kumjeong-Gu, Busan 609-735, Korea
| | - Tae Heon Kim
- Department of Pathology, CHA University, 59 Yatap-Ro, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam 463-836, Korea
| | - Mira Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Kangseok Lee
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea
| | - Jeehyeon Bae
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-Ro, Dongjak-Gu, Seoul 156-756, Korea
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44
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Effect of SIRT1 on cellular apoptosis and steroidogenesis in bovine ovarian granulosa cells in vitro. Livest Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2015.06.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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45
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Biason-Lauber A, Chaboissier MC. Ovarian development and disease: The known and the unexpected. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2015; 45:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2015.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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46
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Sirotkin AV, Alexa R, Dekanova P, Kadasi A, Stochmalov A, Grossmann R, Alwasel SH, Harrath AH. The mTOR System Can Affect Basic Ovarian Cell Functions and Mediate the Effect of Ovarian Hormonal Regulators. INT J PHARMACOL 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2015.570.578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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47
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Herndon MK, Nilson JH. Maximal expression of Foxl2 in pituitary gonadotropes requires ovarian hormones. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0126527. [PMID: 25955311 PMCID: PMC4425675 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 04/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and activin regulate synthesis of FSH and ultimately fertility. Recent in vivo studies cast SMAD4 and FOXL2 as master transcriptional mediators of activin signaling that act together and independently of GnRH to regulate Fshb gene expression and female fertility. Ovarian hormones regulate GnRH and its receptor (GNRHR) through negative and positive feedback loops. In contrast, the role of ovarian hormones in regulating activin, activin receptors, and components of the activin signaling pathway, including SMAD4 and FOXL2, remains understudied. The widespread distribution of activin and many of its signaling intermediates complicates analysis of the effects of ovarian hormones on their synthesis in gonadotropes, one of five pituitary cell types. We circumvented this complication by using a transgenic model that allows isolation of polyribosomes selectively from gonadotropes of intact females and ovariectomized females treated with or without a GnRH antagonist. This paradigm allows assessment of ovarian hormonal feedback and distinguishes responses that are either independent or dependent on GnRH. Surprisingly, our results indicate that Foxl2 levels in gonadotropes decline significantly in the absence of ovarian input and independently of GnRH. Expression of the genes encoding other members of the activin signaling pathway are unaffected by loss of ovarian hormonal feedback, highlighting their selective effect on Foxl2. Expression of Gnrhr, a known target of FOXL2, also declines upon ovariectomy consistent with reduced expression of Foxl2 and loss of ovarian hormones. In contrast, Fshb mRNA increases dramatically post-ovariectomy due to increased compensatory input from GnRH. Together these data suggest that ovarian hormones regulate expression of Foxl2 thereby expanding the number of genes controlled by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis that ultimately dictate reproductive fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria K. Herndon
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
| | - John H. Nilson
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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48
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Sirtuin Functions in Female Fertility: Possible Role in Oxidative Stress and Aging. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2015; 2015:659687. [PMID: 26075037 PMCID: PMC4436464 DOI: 10.1155/2015/659687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In search for strategies aimed at preventing oxidative threat to female fertility, a possible role of sirtuins has emerged. Sirtuins (silent information regulator 2 (Sir2) proteins), NAD(+) dependent enzymes with deacetylase and/or mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase activity, are emerging as key antiaging molecules and regulators in many diseases. Recently, a crucial role for SIRT1 and SIRT3, the main components of sirtuin family, as sensors and guardians of the redox state in oocytes, granulosa cells, and early embryos has emerged. In this context, the aim of the present review is to summarize current knowledge from research papers on the role of sirtuins in female fertility with particular emphasis on the impairment of SIRT1 signalling with oocyte aging. On this basis, the authors wish to build up a framework to promote research on the possible role of sirtuins as targets for future strategies for female fertility preservation.
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49
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Caburet S, Anttonen M, Todeschini AL, Unkila-Kallio L, Mestivier D, Butzow R, Veitia RA. Combined comparative genomic hybridization and transcriptomic analyses of ovarian granulosa cell tumors point to novel candidate driver genes. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:251. [PMID: 25884336 PMCID: PMC4407711 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1283-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCTs) are the most frequent sex cord-stromal tumors. Several studies have shown that a somatic mutation leading to a C134W substitution in the transcription factor FOXL2 appears in more than 95% of adult-type GCTs. Its pervasive presence suggests that FOXL2 is the main cancer driver gene. However, other mutations and genomic changes might also contribute to tumor formation and/or progression. Methods We have performed a combined comparative genomic hybridization and transcriptomic analyses of 10 adult-type GCTs to obtain a picture of the genomic landscape of this cancer type and to identify new candidate co-driver genes. Results Our results, along with a review of previous molecular studies, show the existence of highly recurrent chromosomal imbalances (especially, trisomy 14 and monosomy 22) and preferential co-occurrences (i.e. trisomy 14/monosomy 22 and trisomy 7/monosomy 16q). In-depth analyses showed the presence of recurrently broken, amplified/duplicated or deleted genes. Many of these genes, such as AKT1, RUNX1 and LIMA1, are known to be involved in cancer and related processes. Further genomic explorations suggest that they are functionally related. Conclusions Our combined analysis identifies potential candidate genes, whose alterations might contribute to adult-type GCT formation/progression together with the recurrent FOXL2 somatic mutation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12885-015-1283-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Caburet
- Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France. .,Université Paris Diderot/Paris, Paris, France. .,Université Paris-Diderot & Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS-UMR 7592, Bâtiment Buffon, 15 Rue Hélène Brion, Paris, Cedex 13, France.
| | - Mikko Anttonen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. .,Children's Hospital, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Anne-Laure Todeschini
- Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France. .,Université Paris Diderot/Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Leila Unkila-Kallio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Denis Mestivier
- Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France. .,Université Paris Diderot/Paris, Paris, France.
| | - Ralf Butzow
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. .,Department of pathology, University of Helsinki, and HUSLAB, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Reiner A Veitia
- Institut Jacques Monod, Paris, France. .,Université Paris Diderot/Paris, Paris, France. .,Université Paris-Diderot & Institut Jacques Monod, CNRS-UMR 7592, Bâtiment Buffon, 15 Rue Hélène Brion, Paris, Cedex 13, France.
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Vaiman D. Reproductive performance: at the cross-road of genetics, technologies and environment. Reprod Fertil Dev 2015; 27:1-13. [DOI: 10.1071/rd14316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sexual reproduction depends on a negotiation between the sexes at the level of the cells (gametes), tissue (trophectoderm of the blastocyst and endometrium in the uterus) and organisms (to allow sexual intercourse). This review evaluates new questions linked to sexual reproduction in the biosphere in the context of the 21st century, in light of current knowledge in genetics and epigenetics. It presents the challenge of ‘forcing reproductive efficiency’ using ineffective gametes, or despite other fertility problems, through medically assisted reproduction and presents the reproductive challenge of high production farm animals, which are in a situation of chronically negative energy balance. It also analyses the situation created by the release of endocrine disruptors into the environment and discusses the possible transgenerational consequences of environmental modifications linked to these compounds.
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