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Edri T, Cohen D, Shabtai Y, Fainsod A. Alcohol induces neural tube defects by reducing retinoic acid signaling and promoting neural plate expansion. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1282273. [PMID: 38116205 PMCID: PMC10728305 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1282273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Neural tube defects (NTDs) are among the most debilitating and common developmental defects in humans. The induction of NTDs has been attributed to abnormal folic acid (vitamin B9) metabolism, Wnt and BMP signaling, excess retinoic acid (RA), dietary components, environmental factors, and many others. In the present study we show that reduced RA signaling, including alcohol exposure, induces NTDs. Methods: Xenopus embryos were exposed to pharmacological RA biosynthesis inhibitors to study the induction of NTDs. Embryos were treated with DEAB, citral, or ethanol, all of which inhibit the biosynthesis of RA, or injected to overexpress Cyp26a1 to reduce RA. NTD induction was studied using neural plate and notochord markers together with morphological analysis. Expression of the neuroectodermal regulatory network and cell proliferation were analyzed to understand the morphological malformations of the neural plate. Results: Reducing RA signaling levels using retinaldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors (ethanol, DEAB, and citral) or Cyp26a1-driven degradation efficiently induce NTDs. These NTDs can be rescued by providing precursors of RA. We mapped this RA requirement to early gastrula stages during the induction of neural plate precursors. This reduced RA signaling results in abnormal expression of neural network genes, including the neural plate stem cell maintenance genes, geminin, and foxd4l1.1. This abnormal expression of neural network genes results in increased proliferation of neural precursors giving rise to an expanded neural plate. Conclusion: We show that RA signaling is required for neural tube closure during embryogenesis. RA signaling plays a very early role in the regulation of proliferation and differentiation of the neural plate soon after the induction of neural progenitors during gastrulation. RA signaling disruption leads to the induction of NTDs through the mis regulation of the early neuroectodermal network, leading to increased proliferation resulting in the expansion of the neural plate. Ethanol exposure induces NTDs through this mechanism involving reduced RA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Abraham Fainsod
- Department of Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, Institute for Medical Research Israel-Canada, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
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Wang Y, Hongu T, Nishimura T, Takeuchi Y, Takano H, Daikoku T, Yao R, Gotoh N. Mitochondrial one-carbon metabolic enzyme MTHFD2 facilitates mammary gland development during pregnancy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 674:183-189. [PMID: 37450958 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism is crucial for embryonic development and tumorigenesis, as it supplies one-carbon units necessary for nucleotide synthesis and rapid cell proliferation. However, its contribution to adult tissue homeostasis remains largely unknown. To examine its role in adult tissue homeostasis, we specifically investigated mammary gland development during pregnancy, as it involves heightened cell proliferation. We discovered that MTHFD2, a mitochondrial one-carbon metabolic enzyme, is expressed in both luminal and basal/myoepithelial cell layers, with upregulated expression during pregnancy. Using the mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV)-Cre recombinase system, we generated mice with a specific mutation of Mthfd2 in mammary epithelial cells. While the mutant mice were capable of properly nurturing their offspring, the pregnancy-induced expansion of mammary glands was significantly delayed. This indicates that MTHFD2 contributes to the rapid development of mammary glands during pregnancy. Our findings shed light on the role of mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism in facilitating rapid cell proliferation, even in the context of the adult tissue homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Wang
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa Univerisity, Japan
| | - Tsunaki Hongu
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa Univerisity, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Nishimura
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa Univerisity, Japan
| | - Yasuto Takeuchi
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa Univerisity, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Takano
- Department of Cell Biology, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Japan
| | - Takiko Daikoku
- Division of Animal Disease Model, Research Center for Experimental Modeling of Human Disease, Kanazawa University, Japan
| | - Ryoji Yao
- Department of Cell Biology, Cancer Institute, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Japan
| | - Noriko Gotoh
- Division of Cancer Cell Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa Univerisity, Japan.
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Rai S, Leydier L, Sharma S, Katwala J, Sahu A. A quest for genetic causes underlying signaling pathways associated with neural tube defects. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1126209. [PMID: 37284286 PMCID: PMC10241075 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1126209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are serious congenital deformities of the nervous system that occur owing to the failure of normal neural tube closures. Genetic and non-genetic factors contribute to the etiology of neural tube defects in humans, indicating the role of gene-gene and gene-environment interaction in the occurrence and recurrence risk of neural tube defects. Several lines of genetic studies on humans and animals demonstrated the role of aberrant genes in the developmental risk of neural tube defects and also provided an understanding of the cellular and morphological programs that occur during embryonic development. Other studies observed the effects of folate and supplementation of folic acid on neural tube defects. Hence, here we review what is known to date regarding altered genes associated with specific signaling pathways resulting in NTDs, as well as highlight the role of various genetic, and non-genetic factors and their interactions that contribute to NTDs. Additionally, we also shine a light on the role of folate and cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in neural tube defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Rai
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical University of the Americas, Charlestown, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Larissa Leydier
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical University of the Americas, Charlestown, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical University of the Americas, Charlestown, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Jigar Katwala
- Department of Molecular Biology, Medical University of the Americas, Charlestown, Saint Kitts and Nevis
| | - Anurag Sahu
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Zhang X, Zhen D, Li X, Yi F, Zhang Z, Yang W, Li X, Sheng Y, Liu X, Jin T, He Y. NOTCH2, ATIC, MRI1, SLC6A13, ATP13A2 Genetic Variations are Associated with Ventricular Septal Defect in the Chinese Tibetan Population Through Whole-Exome Sequencing. Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2023; 16:389-400. [PMID: 37138656 PMCID: PMC10150769 DOI: 10.2147/pgpm.s404438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ventricular septal defect (VSD) is the most common congenital cardiac abnormality in children and the second most common in adults. This study aimed to explore the potentially causative genes in VSD patients in the Chinese Tibetan population, and to provide a theoretical basis for the genetic mechanism of VSD. Methods Peripheral venous blood was collected from 20 VSD subjects, and whole-genome DNA was extracted. High-throughput sequencing was performed on qualified DNA samples using whole-exome sequencing (WES) technology. After filtering, detecting, and annotating qualified data, single nucleotide variations (SNVs) and insertion-deletion (InDel) markers were analyzed, and data processing software such as GATK, SIFT, Polyphen, and MutationTaster were used for comparative evaluation and prediction of pathogenic deleterious variants associated with VSD. Results A total of 4793 variant loci, including 4168 SNVs, 557 InDels and 68 unknown loci and 2566 variant genes were obtained from 20 VSD subjects through bioinformatics analysis. According to the screening of the prediction software and database, the occurrence of VSD was predicted to be associated with five inherited pathogenic gene mutations, all of which were missense mutations, including NOTCH2 (c.1396C >A:p.Gln466Lys), ATIC (c.235C >T:p.Arg79Cys), MRI1 (c.629G >A:p.Arg210Gln), SLC6A13 (c.1138G >A:p.Gly380Arg), ATP13A2 (c.1363C >T:p.Arg455Trp). Conclusion This study demonstrated that NOTCH2, ATIC, MRI1, SLC6A13, ATP13A2 gene variants were potentially associated with VSD in Chinese Tibetan population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Ultrasound, the Affiliated Hospital of Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Da Zhen
- Department of Medical, Tibet Autonomous Region Maternity and Children’s Hospital, Lhasa, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuemei Li
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Faling Yi
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhanhao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Yang
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Emergency, the Affiliated Hospital of Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuguang Li
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yemeng Sheng
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tianbo Jin
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Tianbo Jin; Yongjun He, Xizang Minzu University, #6 East Wenhui Road, Xianyang, Shaanxi, 712082, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
| | - Yongjun He
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
- School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, People’s Republic of China
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A Common Polymorphism in the MTHFD1 Gene Is a Modulator of Risk of Congenital Heart Disease. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2022; 9:jcdd9060166. [PMID: 35735795 PMCID: PMC9224796 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd9060166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Several environmental and genetic factors may influence the risk of congenital heart defects (CHDs), which can have a substantial impact on pediatric morbidity and mortality. We investigated the association of polymorphisms in the genes of the folate and methionine pathways with CHDs using different strategies: a case–control, mother–child pair design, and a family-based association study. The polymorphism rs2236225 in the MTHFD1 was confirmed as an important modulator of CHD risk in both, whereas polymorphisms in MTRR, FPGS, and SLC19A1 were identified as risk factors in only one of the models. A strong synergistic effect on the development of CHDs was detected for MTHFD1 polymorphism and a lack of maternal folate supplementation during early pregnancy. A common polymorphism in the MTHFD1 is a genetic risk factor for the development of CHD, especially in the absence of folate supplementation in early pregnancy.
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Tam N, Lai KP, Kong RYC. Comparative transcriptomic analysis reveals reproductive impairments caused by PCBs and OH-PCBs through the dysregulation of ER and AR signaling. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:149913. [PMID: 34474298 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Reports have highlighted the presence of PCBs and their metabolites, OH-PCBs, in human serum as well as their endocrine-disrupting effects on reproductive function through direct interactions with the androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER). However, the molecular mechanisms directly linking the actions of PCBs and OH-PCBs on the AR and ER to induce reproductive impairment remain poorly understood. In this study, we characterized the cellular response to PCBs and OH-PCBs acting on AR and ER transactivation at the transcriptome level coupled with bioinformatics analysis to identify the downstream pathways of androgen and estrogen signaling that leads to reproductive dysfunction. We first confirmed the agonistic and antagonistic effects of several PCBs and OH-PCBs on AR- and ER-mediated reporter gene activity using the androgen-responsive LNCaP and estrogen-responsive MCF-7 cell lines, respectively. Anti-estrogenic activity was not detected among the tested compounds; however, we found that in addition to anti-androgenic and estrogenic activity, PCB 28 and PCB 138 exhibited androgenic activity, while most of the tested OH-PCBs showed a synergistic effect on DHT-mediated transactivation of the AR. Bioinformatics analysis of transcriptome profiles from selected PCBs and OH-PCBs revealed various pathways that were dysregulated depending on their agonistic, antagonistic, or synergistic effects. The OH-PCBs with estrogenic activity affected pathways including vitamin metabolism and calcium transport. Other notable dysregulated pathways include cholesterol transport in response to androgenic PCBs, thyroid hormone metabolism in response to anti-androgenic PCBs, and antioxidant pathways in response to androgen-synergistic OH-PCBs. Our results demonstrate that PCBs and OH-PCBs directly alter specific pathways through androgen- or estrogen-mediated signaling, thereby providing additional insights into the mechanisms by which these compounds cause reproductive dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Tam
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Keng Po Lai
- Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Integrative Omics, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, PR China; Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Richard Yuen Chong Kong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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Mild Choline Deficiency and MTHFD1 Synthetase Deficiency Interact to Increase Incidence of Developmental Delays and Defects in Mice. Nutrients 2021; 14:nu14010127. [PMID: 35011003 PMCID: PMC8747146 DOI: 10.3390/nu14010127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Folate and choline are interconnected metabolically. The MTHFD1 R653Q SNP is a risk factor for birth defects and there are concerns that choline deficiency may interact with this SNP and exacerbate health risks. 80–90% of women do not meet the Adequate Intake (AI) for choline. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of choline deficiency on maternal one-carbon metabolism and reproductive outcomes in the MTHFD1-synthetase deficient mouse (Mthfd1S), a model for MTHFD1 R653Q. Mthfd1S+/+ and Mthfd1S+/− females were fed control (CD) or choline-deficient diets (ChDD; 1/3 the amount of choline) before mating and during pregnancy. Embryos were evaluated for delays and defects at 10.5 days gestation. Choline metabolites were measured in the maternal liver, and total folate measured in maternal plasma and liver. ChDD significantly decreased choline, betaine, phosphocholine, and dimethylglycine in maternal liver (p < 0.05, ANOVA), and altered phosphatidylcholine metabolism. Maternal and embryonic genotype, and diet-genotype interactions had significant effects on defect incidence. Mild choline deficiency and Mthfd1S+/− genotype alter maternal one-carbon metabolism and increase incidence of developmental defects. Further study is required to determine if low choline intakes contribute to developmental defects in humans, particularly in 653QQ women.
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Legault LM, Doiron K, Breton-Larrivée M, Langford-Avelar A, Lemieux A, Caron M, Jerome-Majewska LA, Sinnett D, McGraw S. Pre-implantation alcohol exposure induces lasting sex-specific DNA methylation programming errors in the developing forebrain. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:164. [PMID: 34425890 PMCID: PMC8381495 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01151-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Prenatal alcohol exposure is recognized for altering DNA methylation profiles of brain cells during development, and to be part of the molecular basis underpinning Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) etiology. However, we have negligible information on the effects of alcohol exposure during pre-implantation, the early embryonic window marked with dynamic DNA methylation reprogramming, and on how this may rewire the brain developmental program. Results Using a pre-clinical in vivo mouse model, we show that a binge-like alcohol exposure during pre-implantation at the 8-cell stage leads to surge in morphological brain defects and adverse developmental outcomes during fetal life. Genome-wide DNA methylation analyses of fetal forebrains uncovered sex-specific alterations, including partial loss of DNA methylation maintenance at imprinting control regions, and abnormal de novo DNA methylation profiles in various biological pathways (e.g., neural/brain development). Conclusion These findings support that alcohol-induced DNA methylation programming deviations during pre-implantation could contribute to the manifestation of neurodevelopmental phenotypes associated with FASD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13148-021-01151-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- L M Legault
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, 3175 Chemin de La Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - K Doiron
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, 3175 Chemin de La Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - M Breton-Larrivée
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, 3175 Chemin de La Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - A Langford-Avelar
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, 3175 Chemin de La Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - A Lemieux
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, 3175 Chemin de La Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - M Caron
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, 3175 Chemin de La Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - L A Jerome-Majewska
- McGill University Health Centre Glen Site, 1001 Boulevard Décarie, Montréal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, 1001 Boulevard Décarie, Montréal, QC, H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - D Sinnett
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, 3175 Chemin de La Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - S McGraw
- CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, 3175 Chemin de La Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada. .,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Université de Montréal, 2900 Boulevard Edouard-Montpetit, Montréal, QC, H3T 1J4, Canada.
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Li J, Chen J, Yang G, Tao L. Sublancin protects against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection by the combined modulation of innate immune response and microbiota. Peptides 2021; 141:170533. [PMID: 33775803 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a major pathogen responsible for community and hospital bacterial infections. In the present study, the protective role of sublancin, an antimicrobial peptides, was explored in MRSA infection model. We report that sublancin directly induce macrophage migration through the chemotactic receptors. We further show that sublancin exhibits protection in a mouse MRSA infection model. This protection involved an immunomodulatory activity, but was blocked by depletion of monocyte/macrophages or neutrophils. Sublancin selectively up-regulates the levels of chemokines (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 1, CXCL1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, MCP-1) while reducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokine (tumor necrosis factor-α, TNF-α). Meanwhile, sublancin regulated the microbiota composition disrupted by MRSA injection, increasing the abundance of Lactobacillus and decreasing that of Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas. Also, sublancin restored to normal levels of metabolic functional pathways, especially amino acid biosynthesis (e.g., branched amino acid, histidine and tryptophan), disrupted after injection, and this restoration was significantly correlated with neutrophils. These results demonstrates that sublancin stimulates the innate response and modulates the microbiota community to protect against MRSA infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Li
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110866, China.
| | - Jing Chen
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110866, China
| | - Guiqin Yang
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110866, China
| | - Lijuan Tao
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, 110866, China
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Hsiao TH, Lee GH, Chang YS, Chen BH, Fu TF. The Incoherent Fluctuation of Folate Pools and Differential Regulation of Folate Enzymes Prioritize Nucleotide Supply in the Zebrafish Model Displaying Folate Deficiency-Induced Microphthalmia and Visual Defects. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:702969. [PMID: 34268314 PMCID: PMC8277299 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.702969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Congenital eye diseases are multi-factorial and usually cannot be cured. Therefore, proper preventive strategy and understanding the pathomechanism underlying these diseases become important. Deficiency in folate, a water-soluble vitamin B, has been associated with microphthalmia, a congenital eye disease characterized by abnormally small and malformed eyes. However, the causal-link and the underlying mechanism between folate and microphthalmia remain incompletely understood. Methods We examined the eye size, optomotor response, intracellular folate distribution, and the expression of folate-requiring enzymes in zebrafish larvae displaying folate deficiency (FD) and ocular defects. Results FD caused microphthalmia and impeded visual ability in zebrafish larvae, which were rescued by folate and dNTP supplementation. Cell cycle analysis revealed cell accumulation at S-phase and sub-G1 phase. Decreased cell proliferation and increased apoptosis were found in FD larvae during embryogenesis in a developmental timing-specific manner. Lowered methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (mthfr) expression and up-regulated methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (NADP+-dependent)-1-like (mthfd1L) expression were found in FD larvae. Knocking-down mthfd1L expression worsened FD-induced ocular anomalies; whereas increasing mthfd1L expression provided a protective effect. 5-CH3-THF is the most sensitive folate pool, whose levels were the most significantly reduced in response to FD; whereas 10-CHO-THF levels were less affected. 5-CHO-THF is the most effective folate adduct for rescuing FD-induced microphthalmia and defective visual ability. Conclusion FD impeded nucleotides formation, impaired cell proliferation and differentiation, caused apoptosis and interfered active vitamin A production, contributing to ocular defects. The developmental timing-specific and incoherent fluctuation among folate adducts and increased expression of mthfd1L in response to FD reflect the context-dependent regulation of folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism, endowing the larvae to prioritize the essential biochemical pathways for supporting the continuous growth in response to folate depletion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsun-Hsien Hsiao
- The Institute of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Gang-Hui Lee
- The Institute of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Sheng Chang
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Hung Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Biomarkers and Biotech Drugs, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Fun Fu
- The Institute of Basic Medical Science, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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11
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Jankovic‐Karasoulos T, Furness DL, Leemaqz SY, Dekker GA, Grzeskowiak LE, Grieger JA, Andraweera PH, McCullough D, McAninch D, McCowan LM, Bianco‐Miotto T, Roberts CT. Maternal folate, one-carbon metabolism and pregnancy outcomes. MATERNAL & CHILD NUTRITION 2021; 17:e13064. [PMID: 32720760 PMCID: PMC7729528 DOI: 10.1111/mcn.13064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphisms and pre- and peri-conception folic acid (FA) supplementation and dietary data were used to identify one-carbon metabolic factors associated with pregnancy outcomes in 3196 nulliparous women. In 325 participants, we also measured circulating folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine. Pregnancy outcomes included preeclampsia (PE), gestational hypertension (GHT), small for gestational age (SGA), spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Study findings show that maternal genotype MTHFR A1298C(CC) was associated with increased risk for PE, whereas TCN2 C766G(GG) had a reduced risk for sPTB. Paternal MTHFR A1298C(CC) and MTHFD1 G1958A(AA) genotypes were associated with reduced risk for sPTB, whereas MTHFR C677T(CT) genotype had an increased risk for GHT. FA supplementation was associated with higher serum folate and vitamin B12 concentrations, reduced uterine artery resistance index and increased birth weight. Women who supplemented with <800 μg daily FA at 15-week gestation had a higher incidence of PE (10.3%) compared with women who did not supplement (6.1%) or who supplemented with ≥800 μg (5.4%) (P < .0001). Higher serum folate levels were found in women who later developed GDM compared with women with uncomplicated pregnancies (Mean ± SD: 37.6 ± 8 nmol L-1 vs. 31.9 ± 11.2, P = .007). Fast food consumption was associated with increased risk for developing GDM, whereas low consumption of green leafy vegetables and fruit were independent risk factors for SGA and GDM and sPTB and SGA, respectively. In conclusion, maternal and paternal genotypes, together with maternal circulating folate and homocysteine concentrations, and pre- and early-pregnancy dietary factors, are independent risk factors for pregnancy complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Jankovic‐Karasoulos
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- College of Medical and Public HealthFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Denise L. Furness
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Shalem Y. Leemaqz
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- College of Medical and Public HealthFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Gustaaf A. Dekker
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyLyell McEwin HospitalElizabeth ValeSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Luke E. Grzeskowiak
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Jessica A. Grieger
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Prabha H. Andraweera
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Dylan McCullough
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- College of Medical and Public HealthFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Dale McAninch
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Lesley M. McCowan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynaecologyUniversity of AucklandAucklandNew Zealand
| | - Tina Bianco‐Miotto
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- School of Agriculture Food and Wine, Waite Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - Claire T. Roberts
- Robinson Research InstituteUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- Adelaide Medical SchoolUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
- College of Medical and Public HealthFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSouth AustraliaAustralia
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12
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Bidla G, Watkins D, Chéry C, Froese DS, Ells C, Kerachian M, Saskin A, Christensen KE, Gilfix BM, Guéant JL, Rosenblatt DS. Biochemical analysis of patients with mutations in MTHFD1 and a diagnosis of methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 deficiency. Mol Genet Metab 2020; 130:179-182. [PMID: 32414565 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2020.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
MTHFD1 is a trifunctional protein containing 10-formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase, 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase and 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase activities. It is encoded by MTHFD1 and functions in the cytoplasmic folate cycle where it is involved in de novo purine synthesis, synthesis of thymidylate and remethylation of homocysteine to methionine. Since the first reported case of severe combined immunodeficiency resulting from MTHFD1 mutations, seven additional patients ascertained through molecular analysis have been reported with variable phenotypes, including megaloblastic anemia, atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, hyperhomocysteinemia, microangiopathy, infections and autoimmune diseases. We determined the level of MTHFD1 expression and dehydrogenase specific activity in cell extracts from cultured fibroblasts of three previously reported patients, as well as a patient with megaloblastic anemia and recurrent infections with compound heterozygous MTHFD1 variants that were predicted to be deleterious. MTHFD1 protein expression determined by Western blotting in fibroblast extracts from three of the patients was markedly decreased compared to expression in wild type cells (between 4.8 and 14.3% of mean control values). MTHFD1 expression in the fourth patient was approximately 44% of mean control values. There was no detectable methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase specific activity in extracts from any of the four patients. This is the first measurement of MTHFD1 function in MTHFD1 deficient patients and confirms the previous molecular diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gawa Bidla
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - David Watkins
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Specialized Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada..
| | - Céline Chéry
- Inserm-U954, National reference centre for inherited metabolic diseases, University Hospital Centre, Nancy, France
| | - D Sean Froese
- Division of Metabolism and Children's Research Center, University Children's Hospital, Steinwiesstrasse 75, CH-8032 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Courtney Ells
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Matin Kerachian
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Avi Saskin
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Specialized Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Karen E Christensen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Brian M Gilfix
- Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.; Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Specialized Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jean-Louis Guéant
- Inserm-U954, National reference centre for inherited metabolic diseases, University Hospital Centre, Nancy, France
| | - David S Rosenblatt
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.; Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Specialized Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.; Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Specialized Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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13
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Stuckert AMM, Moore E, Coyle KP, Davison I, MacManes MD, Roberts R, Summers K. Variation in pigmentation gene expression is associated with distinct aposematic color morphs in the poison frog Dendrobates auratus. BMC Evol Biol 2019; 19:85. [PMID: 30995908 PMCID: PMC6472079 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-019-1410-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Color and pattern phenotypes have clear implications for survival and reproduction in many species. However, the mechanisms that produce this coloration are still poorly characterized, especially at the genomic level. Here we have taken a transcriptomics-based approach to elucidate the underlying genetic mechanisms affecting color and pattern in a highly polytypic poison frog. We sequenced RNA from the skin from four different color morphs during the final stage of metamorphosis and assembled a de novo transcriptome. We then investigated differential gene expression, with an emphasis on examining candidate color genes from other taxa. Results Overall, we found differential expression of a suite of genes that control melanogenesis, melanocyte differentiation, and melanocyte proliferation (e.g., tyrp1, lef1, leo1, and mitf) as well as several differentially expressed genes involved in purine synthesis and iridophore development (e.g., arfgap1, arfgap2, airc, and gart). Conclusions Our results provide evidence that several gene networks known to affect color and pattern in vertebrates play a role in color and pattern variation in this species of poison frog. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12862-019-1410-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam M M Stuckert
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA. .,Hubbard Center for Genome Studies, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA. .,Department of Molecular, Cellular & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA.
| | - Emily Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kaitlin P Coyle
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Ian Davison
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew D MacManes
- Hubbard Center for Genome Studies, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA.,Department of Molecular, Cellular & Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, USA
| | - Reade Roberts
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kyle Summers
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA
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14
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Aarabi M, Christensen KE, Chan D, Leclerc D, Landry M, Ly L, Rozen R, Trasler J. Testicular MTHFR deficiency may explain sperm DNA hypomethylation associated with high dose folic acid supplementation. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 27:1123-1135. [PMID: 29360980 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Supplementation with high doses of folic acid, an important mediator of one-carbon transfers for DNA methylation, is used clinically to improve sperm parameters in infertile men. We recently detected an unexpected loss of DNA methylation in the sperm of idiopathic infertile men after 6 months of daily supplementation with 5 mg folic acid (>10× the daily recommended intake-DRI), exacerbated in men homozygous for a common variant in the gene encoding an important enzyme in folate metabolism, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR 677C>T). To investigate the epigenomic impact and mechanism underlying effects of folic acid on male germ cells, wild-type and heterozygote mice for a targeted inactivation of the Mthfr gene were fed high-dose folic acid (10× the DRI) or control diets (CDs) for 6 months. No changes were detected in general health, sperm counts or methylation of imprinted genes. Reduced representation bisulfite sequencing revealed sperm DNA hypomethylation in Mthfr+/- mice on the 10× diets. Wild-type mice demonstrated sperm hypomethylation only with a very high dose (20×) of folic acid for 12 months. Testicular MTHFR protein levels decreased significantly in wild-type mice on the 20× diet but not in those on the 10× diet, suggesting a possible role for MTHFR deficiency in sperm DNA hypomethylation. In-depth analysis of the folic acid-exposed sperm DNA methylome suggested mouse/human susceptibility of sequences with potential importance to germ cell and embryo development. Our data provide evidence for a similar cross-species response to high dose folic acid supplementation, of sperm DNA hypomethylation, and implicate MTHFR downregulation as a possible mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Aarabi
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Karen E Christensen
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Donovan Chan
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Daniel Leclerc
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Mylène Landry
- Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Lundi Ly
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Rima Rozen
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
| | - Jacquetta Trasler
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Child Health and Human Development Program, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada
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15
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Christensen KE, Bahous RH, Hou W, Deng L, Malysheva OV, Arning E, Bottiglieri T, Caudill MA, Jerome-Majewska LA, Rozen R. Low Dietary Folate Interacts with MTHFD1 Synthetase Deficiency in Mice, a Model for the R653Q Variant, to Increase Incidence of Developmental Delays and Defects. J Nutr 2018; 148:501-509. [PMID: 29659962 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxy013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2017] [Accepted: 01/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Suboptimal folate intake, a risk factor for birth defects, is common even in areas with folate fortification. A polymorphism in methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 (MTHFD1), R653Q (MTHFD1 c.1958 G > A), has also been associated with increased birth defect risk, likely through reduced purine synthesis. Objective We aimed to determine if the interaction of MTHFD1 synthetase deficiency and low folate intake increases developmental abnormalities in a mouse model for MTHFD1 R653Q. Methods Female Mthfd1S+/+ and Mthfd1S+/- mice were fed control or low-folate diets (2 and 0.3 mg folic acid/kg diet, respectively) before mating and during pregnancy. Embryos and placentas were examined for anomalies at embryonic day 10.5. Maternal 1-carbon metabolites were measured in plasma and liver. Results Delays and defects doubled in litters of Mthfd1S+/- females fed low-folate diets compared to wild-type females fed either diet, or Mthfd1S+/- females fed control diets [P values (defects): diet 0.003, maternal genotype 0.012, diet × maternal genotype 0.014]. These adverse outcomes were associated with placental dysmorphology. Intrauterine growth restriction was increased by embryonic Mthfd1S+/- genotype, folate deficiency, and interaction of maternal Mthfd1S+/- genotype with folate deficiency (P values: embryonic genotype 0.045, diet 0.0081, diet × maternal genotype 0.0019). Despite a 50% increase in methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase expression in low-folate maternal liver (P diet = 0.0007), methyltetrahydrofolate concentration decreased 70% (P diet <0.0001) and homocysteine concentration doubled in plasma (P diet = 0.0001); S-adenosylmethionine decreased 40% and S-adenosylhomocysteine increased 20% in low-folate maternal liver (P diet = 0.002 and 0.0002, respectively). Conclusions MTHFD1 synthetase-deficient mice are more sensitive to low folate intake than wild-type mice during pregnancy. Reduced purine synthesis due to synthetase deficiency and altered methylation potential due to low folate may increase pregnancy complications. Further studies and individualized intake recommendations may be required for women homozygous for the MTHFD1 R653Q variant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen E Christensen
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Renata H Bahous
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Wenyang Hou
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Liyuan Deng
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Olga V Malysheva
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Erland Arning
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX
| | | | - Marie A Caudill
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Loydie A Jerome-Majewska
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Rima Rozen
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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16
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One-carbon genetic variants and the role of MTHFD1 1958G>A in liver and colon cancer risk according to global DNA methylation. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185792. [PMID: 28968444 PMCID: PMC5624642 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Several polymorphic gene variants within one-carbon metabolism, an essential pathway for nucleotide synthesis and methylation reactions, are related to cancer risk. An aberrant DNA methylation is a common feature in cancer but whether the link between one-carbon metabolism variants and cancer occurs through an altered DNA methylation is yet unclear. Aims of the study were to evaluate the frequency of one-carbon metabolism gene variants in hepatocellular-carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma and colon cancer, and their relationship to cancer risk together with global DNA methylation status. Genotyping for BHMT 716A>G, DHFR 19bp ins/del, MTHFD1 1958G>A, MTHFR 677C>T, MTR 2756A>G, MTRR 66A>G, RFC1 80G>A, SHMT1 1420C>T, TCII 776C>G and TS 2rpt-3rpt was performed in 102 cancer patients and 363 cancer-free subjects. Methylcytosine (mCyt) content was measured by LC/MS/MS in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) DNA. The MTHFD1 1958AA genotype was significantly less frequent among cancer patients as compared to controls (p = 0.007) and related to 63% reduction of overall cancer risk (p = 0.003) and 75% of colon cancer risk (p = 0.006). When considering PBMCs mCyt content, carriers of the MTHFD1 1958GG genotype showed a lower DNA methylation as compared to carriers of the A allele (p = 0.048). No differences were highlighted by evaluating a possible relationship between the other polymorphisms analyzed with cancer risk and DNA methylation. The MTHFD1 1958AA genotype is linked to a significantly reduced cancer risk. The 1958GG genotype is associated to PBMCs DNA hypomethylation as compared to the A allele carriership that may exert a protective effect for cancer risk by preserving from DNA hypomethylation.
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17
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Pjetri E, Zeisel SH. Deletion of one allele of Mthfd1 ( methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 ) impairs learning in mice. Behav Brain Res 2017; 332:71-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2017.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Yan X, Mai L, Lin C, He W, Yin G, Yu J, Huang L, Pan S. CSF-Based Analysis for Identification of Potential Serum Biomarkers of Neural Tube Defects. Neurosci Bull 2017; 33:436-444. [PMID: 28695418 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-017-0154-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The protein composition of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in neural tube defects (NTDs) remains unknown. We investigated the protein composition of CSF from 9 infants with NTDs using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ). We identified 568 proteins in the CSF of infants with spina bifida, which is the most common type of NTD. Among these, 18 proteins were associated with neural tube closure in the CSF during human embryonic neurulation and 5 were involved in NTDs. Based on these results, an animal model was further utilized to investigate early serum biomarkers for NTDs. We found that the myristoylated alanine-rich C-kinase substrate, Kunitz-type protease inhibitor 2, and apolipoprotein B-100 protein levels were decreased in both embryos and the sera of pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats carrying embryos with NTDs. CSF proteins may be useful in the discovery of potential serum biomarkers for NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Yan
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Lixin Mai
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Changchun Lin
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Wenji He
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.,Department of Anatomy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Gengsheng Yin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Jiakang Yu
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Children's Hospital, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Lian Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Sanqiang Pan
- Department of Anatomy, Medical College of Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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19
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Jiang YC, Kuang LL, Sun SN, Duan WY, Qiao B, Wang HY. Association of genetic polymorphisms of de novo nucleotide biosynthesis with increased CHD susceptibility in the northern Chinese population. Clin Genet 2016; 91:748-755. [PMID: 27659940 DOI: 10.1111/cge.12874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 09/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is one of most prevalent birth defects in the world. However, the underlying molecular mechanism(s) have not been fully understood. Here we report that increased CHD susceptibility is associated with genetic polymorphisms for de novo nucleotide biosynthesis in northern Chinese population, which has been reported with lower plasma folate levels. Nine tagSNPs of four genes (GART, ATIC, MTHFD1 and SHMT1) in de novo nucleotide biosynthesis were sequenced in 802 sporadic CHD patients and 1093 controls from two Han Chinese populations, located in north China (Shandong) and South China (Shanghai), respectively. Six SNPs were found to be significantly associated with CHDs or septation defects only in the Shandong population dataset, but none displayed significant association with any CHDs in the Shanghai population dataset as well as in the combined dataset. We also showed that the minor A allele of rs7279549 in GART reduced transcriptional activity and displayed lower affinity for unknown transcription factor(s), demonstrating the allele is a functional risk factor for CHD in Shandong population. Our study indicates that dysregulation of de novo nucleotide biosynthesis pathway may conditionally contribute to CHD pathogenesis in northern Chinese.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y-C Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University
| | - L-L Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University
| | - S-N Sun
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - W-Y Duan
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, General Hospital of Jinan Military Region, Jinan, China
| | - B Qiao
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, General Hospital of Jinan Military Region, Jinan, China
| | - H-Y Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University.,Obstetrics & Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction & Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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20
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Christensen KE, Hou W, Bahous RH, Deng L, Malysheva OV, Arning E, Bottiglieri T, Caudill MA, Jerome-Majewska LA, Rozen R. Moderate folic acid supplementation and MTHFD1-synthetase deficiency in mice, a model for the R653Q variant, result in embryonic defects and abnormal placental development. Am J Clin Nutr 2016; 104:1459-1469. [PMID: 27707701 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.116.139519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Moderately high folic acid intake in pregnant women has led to concerns about deleterious effects on the mother and fetus. Common polymorphisms in folate genes, such as methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase-methenyltetrahydrofolate cyclohydrolase-formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase (MTHFD1) R653Q, may modulate the effects of elevated folic acid intake. OBJECTIVES We investigated the effects of moderate folic acid supplementation on reproductive outcomes and assessed the potential interaction of the supplemented diet with MTHFD1-synthetase (Mthfd1S) deficiency in mice, which is a model for the R653Q variant. DESIGN Female Mthfd1S+/+ and Mthfd1S+/- mice were fed a folic acid-supplemented diet (FASD) (5-fold higher than recommended) or control diets before mating and during pregnancy. Embryos and placentas were assessed for developmental defects at embryonic day 10.5 (E10.5). Maternal folate and choline metabolites and gene expression in folate-related pathways were examined. RESULTS The combination of FASD and maternal MTHFD1-synthetase deficiency led to a greater incidence of defects in E10.5 embryos (diet × maternal genotype, P = 0.0016; diet × embryonic genotype, P = 0.054). The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) protein and methylation potential [ratio of S-adenosylmethionine (major methyl donor):S-adenosylhomocysteine) were reduced in maternal liver. Although 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (methylTHF) was higher in maternal circulation, the methylation potential was lower in embryos. The presence of developmental delays and defects in Mthfd1S+/- embryos was associated with placental defects (P = 0.003). The labyrinth layer failed to form properly in the majority of abnormal placentas, which compromised the integration of the maternal and fetal circulation and presumably the transfer of methylTHF and other nutrients. CONCLUSIONS Moderately higher folate intake and MTHFD1-synthetase deficiency in pregnant mice result in a lower methylation potential in maternal liver and embryos and a greater incidence of defects in embryos. Although maternal circulating methylTHF was higher, it may not have reached the embryos because of abnormal placental development; abnormal placentas were observed predominantly in abnormally developed embryos. These findings have implications for women with high folate intakes, particularly if they are polymorphic for MTHFD1 R653Q.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen E Christensen
- Departments of Human Genetics and.,Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Wenyang Hou
- Departments of Human Genetics and.,Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Renata H Bahous
- Departments of Human Genetics and.,Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Liyuan Deng
- Departments of Human Genetics and.,Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Olga V Malysheva
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; and
| | - Erland Arning
- Institute of Metabolic Disease, Baylor Research Institute, Dallas, TX
| | | | - Marie A Caudill
- Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; and
| | - Loydie A Jerome-Majewska
- Departments of Human Genetics and.,Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
| | - Rima Rozen
- Departments of Human Genetics and .,Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.,Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Canada
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Lévesque N, Christensen KE, Van Der Kraak L, Best AF, Deng L, Caldwell D, MacFarlane AJ, Beauchemin N, Rozen R. Murine MTHFD1-synthetase deficiency, a model for the human MTHFD1 R653Q polymorphism, decreases growth of colorectal tumors. Mol Carcinog 2016; 56:1030-1040. [DOI: 10.1002/mc.22568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 09/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Lévesque
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics; The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre; McGill University; Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Karen E. Christensen
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics; The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre; McGill University; Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Lauren Van Der Kraak
- Departments of Biochemistry; Goodman Cancer Research Centre, Medicine and Oncology; McGill University; Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Ana F. Best
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics; McGill University; Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Liyuan Deng
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics; The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre; McGill University; Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Don Caldwell
- Nutrition Research Division; Health Canada; Ottawa Ontario Canada
| | | | - Nicole Beauchemin
- Departments of Biochemistry; Goodman Cancer Research Centre, Medicine and Oncology; McGill University; Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Rima Rozen
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics; The Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre; McGill University; Montreal Quebec Canada
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22
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Marini NJ, Yang W, Asrani K, Witte JS, Rine J, Lammer EJ, Shaw GM. Sequence variation in folate pathway genes and risks of human cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Am J Med Genet A 2016; 170:2777-2787. [PMID: 27604992 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.37874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to comprehensively interrogate genetic variation in the folate pathway for risk of cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CLP), we evaluated 504 common and rare variants in 35 folate-related genes in a panel of 330 infants with CLP and 367 non-malformed controls. Odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals were computed for common genotypes. A Case-Control Difference metric was calculated for rare variants to highlight differentially occurring alleles. Interactions between variants and a maternal folate intake variable were also evaluated. In gene-only results, significant odds ratios were observed for multiple variants in the BHMT/BHMT2/DMGDH gene cluster, particularly in Hispanic infants. Also in this cluster, rare variant analysis highlighted a substantial case-control difference in BHMT rs60340837 (synonymous Y284Y). In Hispanics, the ALDH1L1 I812V variant (rs4646750) was the most significant risk allele: OR = 3.8 (95%CI = 1.6-9.2) when heterozygous. In non-Hispanic white infants, we observed significant risk for AHCYL2 rs1095423 (homozygous OR = 3.0, 95%CI 1.1-7.8) and the 68 bp CBS insertion (c.844ins68; heterozygous OR = 2.4, 95%CI = 1.1-5.3). Rare variant analysis in this group revealed case-control differences in MTRR and several other methionine cycle genes, a process implicated previously in clefting risk. In women with low folate intake specifically, increased risks were observed for CBS rs2851391 (OR = 3.6, 95%CI = 1.3-9.6) and the R259P nonsynonymous variant of TCN2 (rs1801198; OR = 2.8, 95%CI = 1.2-6.3). This comprehensive study provides further direction on candidate loci to help disentangle the folate-related developmental phenomena in human clefting risk. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J Marini
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, California.
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
| | - Kripa Asrani
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - John S Witte
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics and Institute of Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, California
| | - Jasper Rine
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, California
| | - Edward J Lammer
- UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland, Oakland, California
| | - Gary M Shaw
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California
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23
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Irwin RE, Pentieva K, Cassidy T, Lees-Murdock DJ, McLaughlin M, Prasad G, McNulty H, Walsh CP. The interplay between DNA methylation, folate and neurocognitive development. Epigenomics 2016; 8:863-79. [PMID: 27319574 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2016-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation provides an attractive possible means for propagating the effects of environmental inputs during fetal life and impacting subsequent adult mental health, which is leading to increasing collaboration between molecular biologists, nutritionists and psychiatrists. An area of interest is the potential role of folate, not just in neural tube closure in early pregnancy, but in later major neurodevelopmental events, with consequences for later sociocognitive maturation. Here, we set the scene for recent discoveries by reviewing the major events of neural development during fetal life, with an emphasis on tissues and structures where dynamic methylation changes are known to occur. Following this, we give an indication of some of the major classes of genes targeted by methylation and important for neurological and behavioral development. Finally, we highlight some cognitive disorders where methylation changes are implicated as playing an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachelle E Irwin
- EpiFASSTT study, Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Kristina Pentieva
- EpiFASSTT study, Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Tony Cassidy
- EpiFASSTT study, Psychology, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | | | | | - Girijesh Prasad
- EpiFASSTT study, Computer Sciences Research Institutes, Ulster University, Londonderry, UK
| | - Helene McNulty
- EpiFASSTT study, Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
| | - Colum P Walsh
- EpiFASSTT study, Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Coleraine, UK
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Prasoona KR, Sunitha T, Srinadh B, Deepika MLN, Kumari TM, Jyothy A. Paternal transmission of MTHFD1 G1958A variant predisposes to neural tube defects in the offspring. Dev Med Child Neurol 2016; 58:625-31. [PMID: 26394717 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.12929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
AIM This study aimed to evaluate the role of methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (MTHFD1) G1958A variant (rs2236225) as a 'maternal, paternal, or embryonic' genetic risk factor for neural tube defect (NTD) susceptibility. It also estimated differential associations based on type of NTD, offspring sex, maternal-paternal-offspring genotype incompatibility, and parent-of-origin effects (POE) using both case-control and family-based approach. In addition, genotype impact on serum folate levels was also assessed. METHOD The study population (n=900) consisted of 120 NTD case-parent triads (n=120×3=360) and 180 healthy control-parent triads (n=180×3=540) from South India. Umbilical cord tissues were collected from those with NTD and control newborn infants, and blood samples from case and control parents. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Statistical analysis used were SPSS, transmission disequilibrium test and POE. Serum folate levels were estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS In the case-control study, those with the MTHFD1 G1958A variant were associated with around twofold risk of anencephaly (p=0.01) and spina bifida (p<0.01). Among parents, fathers were associated with around twofold risk of having an offspring with anencephaly (p<0.01). Considering offspring sex, the A allele in single or double dose conferred around two- to fourfold risk of anencephaly (p=0.01), spina bifida (p<0.01), and encephalocele (p<0.05) in females only. Maternal AA genotype was not associated independently but conferred threefold risk when combined with paternal GA genotype (p=0.01). Transmission disequilibrium and POE were not observed in controls (p>0.05) but revealed excess total (odds ratio [OR]=2.21; p<0.01) and paternal transmission (OR=7.00; p<0.01) of the G1958A allele to those with spina bifida, which remained the same for female cases (total transmission OR=3.00, p=0.01; paternal transmission OR=12.00, p<0.01). Increased serum folate levels were observed in case fathers with GA and AA genotypes than control fathers (p<0.01). INTERPRETATION Our research provides the first evidence supporting a paternal, rather than a maternal, transmission bias of MTHFD1 G1958A variant for NTD susceptibility in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kattekola R Prasoona
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Tella Sunitha
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Buragadda Srinadh
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Madireddy L N Deepika
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | | | - Akka Jyothy
- Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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25
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Christensen KE, Deng L, Bahous RH, Jerome-Majewska LA, Rozen R. MTHFD1 formyltetrahydrofolate synthetase deficiency, a model for the MTHFD1 R653Q variant, leads to congenital heart defects in mice. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 103:1031-8. [DOI: 10.1002/bdra.23451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen E. Christensen
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics; McGill University, and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre; Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Liyuan Deng
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics; McGill University, and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre; Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Renata H. Bahous
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics; McGill University, and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre; Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Loydie A. Jerome-Majewska
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics; McGill University, and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre; Montreal Quebec Canada
| | - Rima Rozen
- Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics; McGill University, and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre; Montreal Quebec Canada
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Altered folate metabolism modifies cell proliferation and progesterone secretion in human placental choriocarcinoma JEG-3 cells. Br J Nutr 2015; 114:844-52. [PMID: 26299783 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114515002688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Folate is an essential B vitamin required for de novo purine and thymidylate synthesis, and for the remethylation of homocysteine to form methionine. Folate deficiency has been associated with placenta-related pregnancy complications, as have SNP in genes of the folate-dependent enzymes, methionine synthase (MTR) and methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase 1 (MTHFD1). We aimed to determine the effect of altered folate metabolism on placental cell proliferation, viability and invasive capacity and on progesterone and human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) secretion. Human placental choriocarcinoma (JEG-3) cells cultured in low folic acid (FA) (2 nM) demonstrated 13% (P<0.001) and 26% (P<0.001) lower proliferation, 5.5% (P=0.025) and 7.5% (P=0.004) lower invasion capacity, and 5 to 7.5% (P=0.004-0.025) lower viability compared with control (20 nM) or supplemented (100 nM) cells, respectively. FA concentration had no effect on progesterone or hCG secretion. Small interfering RNA (siRNA) knockdown of MTR gene and protein expression resulted in 17.7% (P<0.0001) lower proliferation and 61% (P=0.014) higher progesterone secretion, but had no effect on cell invasion and hCG secretion. siRNA knockdown of MTHFD1 gene expression in the absence of detectable changes in protein expression resulted in 10.3% (P=0.001) lower cell proliferation, but had no effect on cell invasion and progesterone or hCG secretion. Our data indicate that impaired folate metabolism can result in lower trophoblast proliferation, and could alter viability, invasion capacity and progesterone secretion, which may explain in part the observed associations between folate and placenta-related complications.
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Cardiac metabolic pathways affected in the mouse model of barth syndrome. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128561. [PMID: 26030409 PMCID: PMC4451073 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiolipin (CL) is a mitochondrial phospholipid essential for electron transport chain (ETC) integrity. CL-deficiency in humans is caused by mutations in the tafazzin (Taz) gene and results in a multisystem pediatric disorder, Barth syndrome (BTHS). It has been reported that tafazzin deficiency destabilizes mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and affects supercomplex assembly. The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of Taz-knockdown on the mitochondrial proteomic landscape and metabolic processes, such as stability of respiratory chain supercomplexes and their interactions with fatty acid oxidation enzymes in cardiac muscle. Proteomic analysis demonstrated reduction of several polypeptides of the mitochondrial respiratory chain, including Rieske and cytochrome c1 subunits of complex III, NADH dehydrogenase alpha subunit 5 of complex I and the catalytic core-forming subunit of F0F1-ATP synthase. Taz gene knockdown resulted in upregulation of enzymes of folate and amino acid metabolic pathways in heart mitochondria, demonstrating that Taz-deficiency causes substantive metabolic remodeling in cardiac muscle. Mitochondrial respiratory chain supercomplexes are destabilized in CL-depleted mitochondria from Taz knockdown hearts resulting in disruption of the interactions between ETC and the fatty acid oxidation enzymes, very long-chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase and long-chain 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, potentially affecting the metabolic channeling of reducing equivalents between these two metabolic pathways. Mitochondria-bound myoglobin was significantly reduced in Taz-knockdown hearts, potentially disrupting intracellular oxygen delivery to the oxidative phosphorylation system. Our results identify the critical pathways affected by the Taz-deficiency in mitochondria and establish a future framework for development of therapeutic options for BTHS.
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Abstract
Neural tube defects (NTDs), including spina bifida and anencephaly, are severe birth defects of the central nervous system that originate during embryonic development when the neural tube fails to close completely. Human NTDs are multifactorial, with contributions from both genetic and environmental factors. The genetic basis is not yet well understood, but several nongenetic risk factors have been identified as have possibilities for prevention by maternal folic acid supplementation. Mechanisms underlying neural tube closure and NTDs may be informed by experimental models, which have revealed numerous genes whose abnormal function causes NTDs and have provided details of critical cellular and morphological events whose regulation is essential for closure. Such models also provide an opportunity to investigate potential risk factors and to develop novel preventive therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas D E Greene
- Newlife Birth Defects Research Center, Institute of Child Health, University College London, WC1N 1EH, United Kingdom;
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29
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Christensen KE, Mikael LG, Leung KY, Lévesque N, Deng L, Wu Q, Malysheva OV, Best A, Caudill MA, Greene NDE, Rozen R. High folic acid consumption leads to pseudo-MTHFR deficiency, altered lipid metabolism, and liver injury in mice. Am J Clin Nutr 2015; 101:646-58. [PMID: 25733650 PMCID: PMC4340065 DOI: 10.3945/ajcn.114.086603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2014] [Accepted: 12/05/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased consumption of folic acid is prevalent, leading to concerns about negative consequences. The effects of folic acid on the liver, the primary organ for folate metabolism, are largely unknown. Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) provides methyl donors for S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) synthesis and methylation reactions. OBJECTIVE Our goal was to investigate the impact of high folic acid intake on liver disease and methyl metabolism. DESIGN Folic acid-supplemented diet (FASD, 10-fold higher than recommended) and control diet were fed to male Mthfr(+/+) and Mthfr(+/-) mice for 6 mo to assess gene-nutrient interactions. Liver pathology, folate and choline metabolites, and gene expression in folate and lipid pathways were examined. RESULTS Liver and spleen weights were higher and hematologic profiles were altered in FASD-fed mice. Liver histology revealed unusually large, degenerating cells in FASD Mthfr(+/-) mice, consistent with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. High folic acid inhibited MTHFR activity in vitro, and MTHFR protein was reduced in FASD-fed mice. 5-Methyltetrahydrofolate, SAM, and SAM/S-adenosylhomocysteine ratios were lower in FASD and Mthfr(+/-) livers. Choline metabolites, including phosphatidylcholine, were reduced due to genotype and/or diet in an attempt to restore methylation capacity through choline/betaine-dependent SAM synthesis. Expression changes in genes of one-carbon and lipid metabolism were particularly significant in FASD Mthfr(+/-) mice. The latter changes, which included higher nuclear sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1, higher Srepb2 messenger RNA (mRNA), lower farnesoid X receptor (Nr1h4) mRNA, and lower Cyp7a1 mRNA, would lead to greater lipogenesis and reduced cholesterol catabolism into bile. CONCLUSIONS We suggest that high folic acid consumption reduces MTHFR protein and activity levels, creating a pseudo-MTHFR deficiency. This deficiency results in hepatocyte degeneration, suggesting a 2-hit mechanism whereby mutant hepatocytes cannot accommodate the lipid disturbances and altered membrane integrity arising from changes in phospholipid/lipid metabolism. These preliminary findings may have clinical implications for individuals consuming high-dose folic acid supplements, particularly those who are MTHFR deficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen E Christensen
- From the Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Montreal Children's Hospital site of the McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (KEC, LGM, NL, LD, QW, and RR); Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom (K-YL and NDEG); the Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (OVM and MAC); and the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (AB)
| | - Leonie G Mikael
- From the Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Montreal Children's Hospital site of the McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (KEC, LGM, NL, LD, QW, and RR); Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom (K-YL and NDEG); the Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (OVM and MAC); and the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (AB)
| | - Kit-Yi Leung
- From the Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Montreal Children's Hospital site of the McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (KEC, LGM, NL, LD, QW, and RR); Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom (K-YL and NDEG); the Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (OVM and MAC); and the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (AB)
| | - Nancy Lévesque
- From the Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Montreal Children's Hospital site of the McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (KEC, LGM, NL, LD, QW, and RR); Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom (K-YL and NDEG); the Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (OVM and MAC); and the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (AB)
| | - Liyuan Deng
- From the Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Montreal Children's Hospital site of the McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (KEC, LGM, NL, LD, QW, and RR); Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom (K-YL and NDEG); the Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (OVM and MAC); and the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (AB)
| | - Qing Wu
- From the Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Montreal Children's Hospital site of the McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (KEC, LGM, NL, LD, QW, and RR); Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom (K-YL and NDEG); the Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (OVM and MAC); and the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (AB)
| | - Olga V Malysheva
- From the Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Montreal Children's Hospital site of the McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (KEC, LGM, NL, LD, QW, and RR); Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom (K-YL and NDEG); the Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (OVM and MAC); and the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (AB)
| | - Ana Best
- From the Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Montreal Children's Hospital site of the McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (KEC, LGM, NL, LD, QW, and RR); Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom (K-YL and NDEG); the Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (OVM and MAC); and the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (AB)
| | - Marie A Caudill
- From the Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Montreal Children's Hospital site of the McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (KEC, LGM, NL, LD, QW, and RR); Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom (K-YL and NDEG); the Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (OVM and MAC); and the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (AB)
| | - Nicholas D E Greene
- From the Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Montreal Children's Hospital site of the McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (KEC, LGM, NL, LD, QW, and RR); Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom (K-YL and NDEG); the Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (OVM and MAC); and the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (AB)
| | - Rima Rozen
- From the Departments of Human Genetics and Pediatrics, McGill University, and the Montreal Children's Hospital site of the McGill University Health Centre Research Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (KEC, LGM, NL, LD, QW, and RR); Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom (K-YL and NDEG); the Division of Nutritional Sciences and Genomics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY (OVM and MAC); and the Department of Mathematics and Statistics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada (AB)
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Moreno-Garcia MA, Pupavac M, Rosenblatt DS, Tremblay ML, Jerome-Majewska LA. The Mmachc gene is required for pre-implantation embryogenesis in the mouse. Mol Genet Metab 2014; 112:198-204. [PMID: 24889031 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2014.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Patients with mutations in MMACHC have the autosomal recessive disease of cobalamin metabolism known as cblC. These patients are unable to convert cobalamin into the two active forms, methylcobalamin and adenosylcobalamin and consequently have elevated homocysteine and methylmalonic acid in blood and urine. In addition, some cblC patients have structural abnormalities, including congenital heart defects. MMACHC is conserved in the mouse and shows tissue and stage-specific expression pattern in midgestation stage embryos. To create a mouse model of cblC we generated a line of mice with a gene-trap insertion in intron 1 of the Mmachc gene, (Mmachc(Gt(AZ0348)Wtsi)). Heterozygous mice show a 50% reduction of MMACHC protein, and have significantly higher levels of homocysteine and methylmalonic acid in their blood. The Mmachc(Gt) allele was inherited with a transmission ratio distortion in matings with heterozygous animals. Furthermore, homozygous Mmachc(Gt) embryos were not found after embryonic day 3.5 and these embryos were unable to generate giant cells in outgrowth assays. Our findings confirm that cblC is modeled in mice with reduced levels of Mmachc and suggest an early requirement for Mmachc in mouse development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maira A Moreno-Garcia
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Avenue Docteur Penfield, N5/13, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - Mihaela Pupavac
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Avenue Docteur Penfield, N5/13, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada
| | - David S Rosenblatt
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Avenue Docteur Penfield, N5/13, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Research Institute, Place Toulon, 4060 Ste. Catherine West PT 420, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H3Z 2Z3, Canada
| | - Michel L Tremblay
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Goodman Cancer Research Center, 1160 Avenue Pine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Loydie A Jerome-Majewska
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Avenue Docteur Penfield, N5/13, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Research Institute, Place Toulon, 4060 Ste. Catherine West PT 420, Montreal Children's Hospital, Montreal, Quebec H3Z 2Z3, Canada; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University, Strathcona Anatomy and Dentistry Building, 3640 University Street, Montreal, Quebec H3A2B2, Canada.
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Chang WN, Lee GH, Kao TT, Lin CY, Hsiao TH, Tsai JN, Chen BH, Chen YH, Wu HR, Tsai HJ, Fu TF. Knocking down 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase increased oxidative stress and impeded zebrafish embryogenesis by obstructing morphogenetic movement. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:2340-50. [PMID: 24747731 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2014.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2014] [Revised: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Folate is an essential nutrient for cell survival and embryogenesis. 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase (FDH) is the most abundant folate enzyme in folate-mediated one-carbon metabolism. 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase converts 10-formyltetrahydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate and CO2, the only pathway responsible for formate oxidation in methanol intoxication. 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase has been considered a potential chemotherapeutic target because it was down-regulated in cancer cells. However, the normal physiological significance of 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase is not completely understood, hampering the development of therapeutic drug/regimen targeting 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase. METHODS 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase expression in zebrafish embryos was knocked-down using morpholino oligonucleotides. The morphological and biochemical characteristics of fdh morphants were examined using specific dye staining and whole-mount in-situ hybridization. Embryonic folate contents were determined by HPLC. RESULTS The expression of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase was consistent in whole embryos during early embryogenesis and became tissue-specific in later stages. Knocking-down fdh impeded morphogenetic movement and caused incorrect cardiac positioning, defective hematopoiesis, notochordmalformation and ultimate death of morphants. Obstructed F-actin polymerization and delayed epiboly were observed in fdh morphants. These abnormalities were reversed either by adding tetrahydrofolate or antioxidant or by co-injecting the mRNA encoding 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase N-terminal domain, supporting the anti-oxidative activity of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase and the in vivo function of tetrahydrofolate conservation for 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase N-terminal domain. CONCLUSIONS 10-Formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase functioned in conserving the unstable tetrahydrofolate and contributing to the intracellular anti-oxidative capacity of embryos, which was crucial in promoting proper cell migration during embryogenesis. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE These newly reported tetrahydrofolate conserving and anti-oxidative activities of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase shall be important for unraveling 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase biological significance and the drug development targeting 10-formyltetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ni Chang
- Institute of Basic Medical Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Gang-Hui Lee
- Institute of Basic Medical Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Tseng-Ting Kao
- Institute of Basic Medical Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Cha-Ying Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Tsun-Hsien Hsiao
- Institute of Basic Medical Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Ning Tsai
- School of Medical Laboratory and Biotechnology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Bing-Hung Chen
- Department of Biotechnology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kao;hsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Yau-Hung Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ru Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Huai-Jen Tsai
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Fun Fu
- Institute of Basic Medical Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan; Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
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Christensen KE, Dahhou M, Kramer MS, Rozen R. The MTHFD1 1958G>A variant is associated with elevated C-reactive protein and body mass index in Canadian women from a premature birth cohort. Mol Genet Metab 2014; 111:390-392. [PMID: 24368157 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 12/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
MTHFD1 1958G>A, a polymorphism in folate metabolism, increases risk of pregnancy complications. A mouse model exhibited developmental defects, increased weight and decreased leukocyte counts. To examine the latter associations, we genotyped 651 women from a premature birth cohort. Prematurity and 1958G>A were not associated. Increases in the inflammatory marker CRP (logistic regression, p = 0.055) and BMI (chi-square, p = 0.0113) were associated with AA genotype in women with low folate. MTHFD1 1958G>A may influence immune function and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen E Christensen
- Dept. of Human Genetics, McGill University, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Dept. of Pediatrics, McGill University, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Mourad Dahhou
- Dept. of Pediatrics, McGill University, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Michael S Kramer
- Dept. of Pediatrics, McGill University, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Dept. of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Rima Rozen
- Dept. of Human Genetics, McGill University, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Dept. of Pediatrics, McGill University, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
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Imbard A, Benoist JF, Blom HJ. Neural tube defects, folic acid and methylation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2013; 10:4352-89. [PMID: 24048206 PMCID: PMC3799525 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph10094352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2013] [Revised: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Neural tube defects (NTDs) are common complex congenital malformations resulting from failure of the neural tube closure during embryogenesis. It is established that folic acid supplementation decreases the prevalence of NTDs, which has led to national public health policies regarding folic acid. To date, animal studies have not provided sufficient information to establish the metabolic and/or genomic mechanism(s) underlying human folic acid responsiveness in NTDs. However, several lines of evidence suggest that not only folates but also choline, B12 and methylation metabolisms are involved in NTDs. Decreased B12 vitamin and increased total choline or homocysteine in maternal blood have been shown to be associated with increased NTDs risk. Several polymorphisms of genes involved in these pathways have also been implicated in risk of development of NTDs. This raises the question whether supplementation with B12 vitamin, betaine or other methylation donors in addition to folic acid periconceptional supplementation will further reduce NTD risk. The objective of this article is to review the role of methylation metabolism in the onset of neural tube defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apolline Imbard
- Biochemistry-Hormonology Laboratory, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, 48 bd Serrurier, Paris 75019, France; E-Mail:
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU Free University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands; E-Mail:
| | - Jean-François Benoist
- Biochemistry-Hormonology Laboratory, Robert Debré Hospital, APHP, 48 bd Serrurier, Paris 75019, France; E-Mail:
| | - Henk J. Blom
- Metabolic Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, VU Free University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands; E-Mail:
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34
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Obeid R. The metabolic burden of methyl donor deficiency with focus on the betaine homocysteine methyltransferase pathway. Nutrients 2013; 5:3481-95. [PMID: 24022817 PMCID: PMC3798916 DOI: 10.3390/nu5093481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 08/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Methyl groups are important for numerous cellular functions such as DNA methylation, phosphatidylcholine synthesis, and protein synthesis. The methyl group can directly be delivered by dietary methyl donors, including methionine, folate, betaine, and choline. The liver and the muscles appear to be the major organs for methyl group metabolism. Choline can be synthesized from phosphatidylcholine via the cytidine-diphosphate (CDP) pathway. Low dietary choline loweres methionine formation and causes a marked increase in S-adenosylmethionine utilization in the liver. The link between choline, betaine, and energy metabolism in humans indicates novel functions for these nutrients. This function appears to goes beyond the role of the nutrients in gene methylation and epigenetic control. Studies that simulated methyl-deficient diets reported disturbances in energy metabolism and protein synthesis in the liver, fatty liver, or muscle disorders. Changes in plasma concentrations of total homocysteine (tHcy) reflect one aspect of the metabolic consequences of methyl group deficiency or nutrient supplementations. Folic acid supplementation spares betaine as a methyl donor. Betaine is a significant determinant of plasma tHcy, particularly in case of folate deficiency, methionine load, or alcohol consumption. Betaine supplementation has a lowering effect on post-methionine load tHcy. Hypomethylation and tHcy elevation can be attenuated when choline or betaine is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Obeid
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Hospital of the Saarland, D-66424, Homburg, Germany.
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