1
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Suomalainen A, Nunnari J. Mitochondria at the crossroads of health and disease. Cell 2024; 187:2601-2627. [PMID: 38788685 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria reside at the crossroads of catabolic and anabolic metabolism-the essence of life. How their structure and function are dynamically tuned in response to tissue-specific needs for energy, growth repair, and renewal is being increasingly understood. Mitochondria respond to intrinsic and extrinsic stresses and can alter cell and organismal function by inducing metabolic signaling within cells and to distal cells and tissues. Here, we review how the centrality of mitochondrial functions manifests in health and a broad spectrum of diseases and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anu Suomalainen
- University of Helsinki, Stem Cells and Metabolism Program, Faculty of Medicine, Helsinki, Finland; HiLife, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; HUS Diagnostics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jodi Nunnari
- Altos Labs, Bay Area Institute, Redwood Shores, CA, USA.
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2
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Kim D, Seok OH, Ju S, Kim SY, Kim JM, Lee C, Hwang CS. Detection of Nα-terminally formylated native proteins by a pan-N-formyl methionine-specific antibody. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104652. [PMID: 36990220 PMCID: PMC10164907 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
N-formyl methionine (fMet)-containing proteins are produced in bacteria, eukaryotic organelles mitochondria and plastids, and even in cytosol. However, Nα-terminally (Nt-) formylated proteins have been poorly characterized because of the lack of appropriate tools to detect fMet independently of downstream proximal sequences. Using a fMet-Gly-Ser-Gly-Cys peptide as an antigen, we generated a pan-fMet-specific rabbit polyclonal antibody called anti-fMet. The raised anti-fMet recognized universally and sequence context-independently Nt-formylated proteins in bacterial, yeast, and human cells as determined by a peptide spot array, dot blotting, and immunoblotting. We anticipate that the anti-fMet antibody will be broadly used to enable an understanding of the poorly explored functions and mechanisms of Nt-formylated proteins in various organisms.
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3
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Chrzanowska-Lightowlers ZM, Lightowlers RN. Translation in Mitochondrial Ribosomes. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2661:53-72. [PMID: 37166631 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3171-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial protein synthesis is essential for the life of aerobic eukaryotes. Without it, oxidative phosphorylation cannot be coupled. Evolution has shaped a battery of factors and machinery that are key to production of just a handful of critical proteins. In this general concept chapter, we attempt to briefly summarize our current knowledge of the overall process in mitochondria from a variety of species, breaking this down to the four parts of translation: initiation, elongation, termination, and recycling. Where appropriate, we highlight differences between species and emphasize gaps in our understanding. Excitingly, with the current revolution in cryoelectron microscopy and mitochondrial genome editing, it is highly likely that many of these gaps will be resolved in the near future. However, the absence of a faithful in vitro reconstituted system to study mitochondrial translation is still problematic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zofia M Chrzanowska-Lightowlers
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| | - Robert N Lightowlers
- Wellcome Centre for Mitochondrial Research, Newcastle University Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
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4
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Meinnel T, Giglione C. N-terminal modifications, the associated processing machinery, and their evolution in plastid-containing organisms. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:6013-6033. [PMID: 35768189 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The N-terminus is a frequent site of protein modifications. Referring primarily to knowledge gained from land plants, here we review the modifications that change protein N-terminal residues and provide updated information about the associated machinery, including that in Archaeplastida. These N-terminal modifications include many proteolytic events as well as small group additions such as acylation or arginylation and oxidation. Compared with that of the mitochondrion, the plastid-dedicated N-terminal modification landscape is far more complex. In parallel, we extend this review to plastid-containing Chromalveolata including Stramenopiles, Apicomplexa, and Rhizaria. We report a well-conserved machinery, especially in the plastid. Consideration of the two most abundant proteins on Earth-Rubisco and actin-reveals the complexity of N-terminal modification processes. The progressive gene transfer from the plastid to the nuclear genome during evolution is exemplified by the N-terminus modification machinery, which appears to be one of the latest to have been transferred to the nuclear genome together with crucial major photosynthetic landmarks. This is evidenced by the greater number of plastid genes in Paulinellidae and red algae, the most recent and fossil recipients of primary endosymbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Meinnel
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Carmela Giglione
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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5
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Yang CI, Zhu Z, Jones JJ, Lomenick B, Chou TF, Shan SO. System-wide analyses reveal essential roles of N-terminal protein modification in bacterial membrane integrity. iScience 2022; 25:104756. [PMID: 35942092 PMCID: PMC9356101 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The removal of the N-terminal formyl group on nascent proteins by peptide deformylase (PDF) is the most prevalent protein modification in bacteria. PDF is a critical target of antibiotic development; however, its role in bacterial physiology remains a long-standing question. This work used the time-resolved analyses of the Escherichia coli translatome and proteome to investigate the consequences of PDF inhibition. Loss of PDF activity rapidly induces cellular stress responses, especially those associated with protein misfolding and membrane defects, followed by a global down-regulation of metabolic pathways. Rapid membrane hyperpolarization and impaired membrane integrity were observed shortly after PDF inhibition, suggesting that the plasma membrane disruption is the most immediate and primary consequence of formyl group retention on nascent proteins. This work resolves the physiological function of a ubiquitous protein modification and uncovers its crucial role in maintaining the structure and function of the bacterial membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-I Yang
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Zikun Zhu
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey J. Jones
- Proteome Exploration Laboratory, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Brett Lomenick
- Proteome Exploration Laboratory, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Tsui-Fen Chou
- Proteome Exploration Laboratory, Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Shu-ou Shan
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
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6
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Cai N, Gomez-Duran A, Yonova-Doing E, Kundu K, Burgess AI, Golder ZJ, Calabrese C, Bonder MJ, Camacho M, Lawson RA, Li L, Williams-Gray CH, Di Angelantonio E, Roberts DJ, Watkins NA, Ouwehand WH, Butterworth AS, Stewart ID, Pietzner M, Wareham NJ, Langenberg C, Danesh J, Walter K, Rothwell PM, Howson JMM, Stegle O, Chinnery PF, Soranzo N. Mitochondrial DNA variants modulate N-formylmethionine, proteostasis and risk of late-onset human diseases. Nat Med 2021; 27:1564-1575. [PMID: 34426706 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-021-01441-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants influence the risk of late-onset human diseases, but the reasons for this are poorly understood. Undertaking a hypothesis-free analysis of 5,689 blood-derived biomarkers with mtDNA variants in 16,220 healthy donors, here we show that variants defining mtDNA haplogroups Uk and H4 modulate the level of circulating N-formylmethionine (fMet), which initiates mitochondrial protein translation. In human cytoplasmic hybrid (cybrid) lines, fMet modulated both mitochondrial and cytosolic proteins on multiple levels, through transcription, post-translational modification and proteolysis by an N-degron pathway, abolishing known differences between mtDNA haplogroups. In a further 11,966 individuals, fMet levels contributed to all-cause mortality and the disease risk of several common cardiovascular disorders. Together, these findings indicate that fMet plays a key role in common age-related disease through pleiotropic effects on cell proteostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Cai
- Human Genetics Department, Wellcome Sanger Institute (WT), Hinxton, UK.,European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Hinxton, UK.,Helmholtz Pioneer Campus, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Aurora Gomez-Duran
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CIB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ekaterina Yonova-Doing
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Primary Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Genetics, Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kousik Kundu
- Human Genetics Department, Wellcome Sanger Institute (WT), Hinxton, UK
| | - Annette I Burgess
- Wolfson Centre for Prevention of Stroke and Dementia, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Zoe J Golder
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claudia Calabrese
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marc J Bonder
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Hinxton, UK.,Division of Computational Genomics and Systems Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marta Camacho
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rachael A Lawson
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK
| | - Lixin Li
- Wolfson Centre for Prevention of Stroke and Dementia, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Caroline H Williams-Gray
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Emanuele Di Angelantonio
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Primary Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - David J Roberts
- National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,NHS Blood and Transplant-Oxford Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.,Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nick A Watkins
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Willem H Ouwehand
- Human Genetics Department, Wellcome Sanger Institute (WT), Hinxton, UK.,British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Adam S Butterworth
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Primary Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Maik Pietzner
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Nick J Wareham
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - John Danesh
- Human Genetics Department, Wellcome Sanger Institute (WT), Hinxton, UK.,British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Primary Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Health Data Research UK Cambridge, Wellcome Genome Campus and University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Klaudia Walter
- Human Genetics Department, Wellcome Sanger Institute (WT), Hinxton, UK
| | - Peter M Rothwell
- Wolfson Centre for Prevention of Stroke and Dementia, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Joanna M M Howson
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Primary Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Genetics, Novo Nordisk Research Centre Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Oliver Stegle
- European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI), Hinxton, UK. .,Division of Computational Genomics and Systems Genetics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany. .,European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Patrick F Chinnery
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK. .,Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Nicole Soranzo
- Human Genetics Department, Wellcome Sanger Institute (WT), Hinxton, UK. .,British Heart Foundation Centre of Research Excellence, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. .,National Institute for Health Research Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. .,Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. .,Genomics Research Centre, Human Technopole, Milan, Italy.
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7
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Shetty S, Varshney U. Regulation of translation by one-carbon metabolism in bacteria and eukaryotic organelles. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100088. [PMID: 33199376 PMCID: PMC7949028 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev120.011985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein synthesis is an energetically costly cellular activity. It is therefore important that the process of mRNA translation remains in excellent synchrony with cellular metabolism and its energy reserves. Unregulated translation could lead to the production of incomplete, mistranslated, or misfolded proteins, squandering the energy needed for cellular sustenance and causing cytotoxicity. One-carbon metabolism (OCM), an integral part of cellular intermediary metabolism, produces a number of one-carbon unit intermediates (formyl, methylene, methenyl, methyl). These OCM intermediates are required for the production of amino acids such as methionine and other biomolecules such as purines, thymidylate, and redox regulators. In this review, we discuss how OCM impacts the translation apparatus (composed of ribosome, tRNA, mRNA, and translation factors) and regulates crucial steps in protein synthesis. More specifically, we address how the OCM metabolites regulate the fidelity and rate of translation initiation in bacteria and eukaryotic organelles such as mitochondria. Modulation of the fidelity of translation initiation by OCM opens new avenues to understand alternative translation mechanisms involved in stress tolerance and drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Shetty
- Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Umesh Varshney
- Department of Microbiology and Cell Biology, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India; Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Studies, Jakkur, Bangalore, India.
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8
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MTFMT deficiency correlates with reduced mitochondrial integrity and enhanced host susceptibility to intracellular infection. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11183. [PMID: 32636430 PMCID: PMC7341849 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68053-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria behave as functional and structural hubs for innate defense against intracellular infection. While the mitochondrial membrane serves as a platform for the assembly of signaling complexes activated by intracellular infection, various danger molecules derived from impaired mitochondria activate innate signaling pathways. Using methionyl-tRNA formyl transferase (MTFMT)-deficient cells, which exhibit impaired mitochondrial activity, we examined the role of mitochondrial integrity in regulating innate defense against infection. Since MTFMT functions at the early steps of mitochondrial translation, its loss was expected to cause defects in mitochondrial activity. Under transient MTFMT gene silencing conditions, we observed shortened mitochondria along with reduced activity. MTFMT-silenced cells were more susceptible to intracellular infection, as examined by infection with RNA viruses and the intracellular bacterium Shigella flexneri. In support of this observation, MTFMT-silenced cells possessed lowered basal NF-κB activity, which remained low after S. flexneri infection. In addition, the mitochondrial accumulation of evolutionarily conserved signaling intermediate in Toll pathway (ECSIT), an adaptor protein for NF-κB activation, was significantly decreased in MTFMT-silenced cells, explaining the reduced NF-κB activity observed in these cells. Since impaired mitochondria likely release mitochondrial molecules, we evaluated the contribution of mitochondrial N-formyl peptides to the regulation of bacterial infection. Transient transfection of mitochondrial-derived N-formyl peptides favored S. flexneri infection, which was accompanied by enhanced bacterial survival, but did not affect host cell viability. However, transient transfection of mitochondrial-derived N-formyl peptides did not affect basal NF-κB activity. Altogether, these data suggest that the integrity of mitochondria is essential to their proper function in protecting against infection, as intact mitochondria not only block the release of danger molecules but also serve as signaling hubs for the downstream NF-κB pathway.
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9
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Danchin A, Sekowska A, You C. One-carbon metabolism, folate, zinc and translation. Microb Biotechnol 2020; 13:899-925. [PMID: 32153134 PMCID: PMC7264889 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The translation process, central to life, is tightly connected to the one-carbon (1-C) metabolism via a plethora of macromolecule modifications and specific effectors. Using manual genome annotations and putting together a variety of experimental studies, we explore here the possible reasons of this critical interaction, likely to have originated during the earliest steps of the birth of the first cells. Methionine, S-adenosylmethionine and tetrahydrofolate dominate this interaction. Yet, 1-C metabolism is unlikely to be a simple frozen accident of primaeval conditions. Reactive 1-C species (ROCS) are buffered by the translation machinery in a way tightly associated with the metabolism of iron-sulfur clusters, zinc and potassium availability, possibly coupling carbon metabolism to nitrogen metabolism. In this process, the highly modified position 34 of tRNA molecules plays a critical role. Overall, this metabolic integration may serve both as a protection against the deleterious formation of excess carbon under various growth transitions or environmental unbalanced conditions and as a regulator of zinc homeostasis, while regulating input of prosthetic groups into nascent proteins. This knowledge should be taken into account in metabolic engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Danchin
- AMAbiotics SASInstitut Cochin24 rue du Faubourg Saint‐Jacques75014ParisFrance
- School of Biomedical SciencesLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongS.A.R. Hong KongChina
| | - Agnieszka Sekowska
- AMAbiotics SASInstitut Cochin24 rue du Faubourg Saint‐Jacques75014ParisFrance
| | - Conghui You
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Microbial Genetic EngineeringCollege of Life Sciences and OceanologyShenzhen University1066 Xueyuan Rd518055ShenzhenChina
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10
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Bennett J, Kerr M, Greenway SC, Friederich MW, Van Hove JL, Hittel D, Khan A. Improved lactate control with dichloroacetate in a case with severe neonatal lactic acidosis due to MTFMT mitochondrial translation disorder. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2020; 24:100616. [PMID: 32577402 PMCID: PMC7303673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2020.100616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase (MTFMT) is a nuclear-encoded gene that produces a protein involved in mitochondrial translation. MTFMT formylates a portion of Met-tRNAMet, which allows for translation initiation of mitochondrial mRNA. Mutations in this gene have been shown to result in decreased mitochondrial translation with reduction function of the electron transport chain complexes I, III, IV, and V, thus affecting cellular energy production. Our patient presented with severe lactic acidosis in the neonatal period, and was found to be homozygous for the pathogenic mutation c.994C > T, p.(Arg332*). Her blood lactate levels normalized and her cardiomyopathy reversed after initiation of dichloroacetate (30 mg/kg/day). After two years of follow-up, she continues to show long-term lactate stability, continues to make developmental gains, and is in overall good general health. This is the first report using dichloroacetate in a patient with MTFMT deficiency, which may be a potential therapeutic option that warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Bennett
- Department of Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Marina Kerr
- Department of Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Steven C. Greenway
- Departments of Pediatrics, Cardiac Sciences, Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Marisa W. Friederich
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Johan L.K. Van Hove
- Section of Clinical Genetics and Metabolism, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Dustin Hittel
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Aneal Khan
- Department of Medical Genetics and Pediatrics, Alberta Children's Hospital, Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Corresponding author at: Alberta Children's Hospital, 28 Oki Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta T3B 6A8, Canada.
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11
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Razavi AC, Bazzano LA, He J, Li S, Fernandez C, Whelton SP, Krousel-Wood M, Nierenberg JL, Shi M, Li C, Mi X, Kinchen J, Kelly TN. Pseudouridine and N-formylmethionine associate with left ventricular mass index: Metabolome-wide association analysis of cardiac remodeling. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2020; 140:22-29. [PMID: 32057737 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2020.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is the fastest growing form of cardiovascular disease both nationally and globally, underlining a need to phenotype subclinical HF intermediaries to improve primary prevention. OBJECTIVES We aimed to identify novel metabolite associations with left ventricular (LV) remodeling, one upstream HF intermediary, among a community-based cohort of individuals. METHODS We examined 1052 Bogalusa Heart Study participants (34.98% African American, 57.41% female, aged 33.6-57.5 years). Measures of LV mass and relative wall thickness (RWT) were obtained using two-dimensional-guided echocardiographic measurements via validated eqs. LV mass was indexed to height2.7 to calculate left ventricular mass index (LVMI). Untargeted metabolomic analysis of fasting serum samples was conducted. In combined and ethnicity-stratified analyses, multivariable linear and multinomial logistic regression models tested the associations of metabolites with the continuous LVMI and RWT and categorical LV geometry phenotypes, respectively, after adjusting for demographic and traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. RESULTS Pseudouridine (B = 1.38; p = 3.20 × 10-5) and N-formylmethionine (B = 1.65; 3.30 × 10-6) were significantly associated with LVMI in the overall sample as well significant in Caucasians, with consistent effect direction and nominal significance (p < .05) in African Americans. Upon exclusion of individuals with self-report myocardial infarction or congestive HF, we similarly observed a 1.33 g/m2.7 and 1.52 g/m2.7 higher LVMI for each standard deviation increase in pseudouridine and N-formylmethionine, respectively. No significant associations were observed for metabolites with RWT or categorical LV remodeling outcomes. CONCLUSIONS The current analysis identified novel associations of pseudouridine and N-formylmethionine with LVMI, suggesting that mitochondrial-derived metabolites may serve as early biomarkers for LV remodeling and subclinical HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander C Razavi
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Lydia A Bazzano
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Shengxu Li
- Children's Minnesota Research Institute, Children's Hospitals & Clinics of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States of America
| | - Camilo Fernandez
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Seamus P Whelton
- The Ciccarone Center for the Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States of America
| | - Marie Krousel-Wood
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America; Department of Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Jovia L Nierenberg
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Mengyao Shi
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Changwei Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Georgia College of Public Health, Athens, GA, United States of America
| | - Xuenan Mi
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America
| | - Jason Kinchen
- Metabolon, Inc., Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Tanika N Kelly
- Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States of America.
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12
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Battersby BJ, Richter U, Safronov O. Mitochondrial Nascent Chain Quality Control Determines Organelle Form and Function. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:2396-2405. [PMID: 31498990 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Proteotoxicity has long been considered a key factor in mitochondrial dysfunction and human disease. The origin of the endogenous offending toxic substrates and the regulatory pathways to deal with these insults, however, have remained unclear. Mitochondria maintain a compartmentalized gene expression system that in animals is only responsible for synthesis of 1% of the organelle proteome. Because of the relatively small contribution of the mitochondrial genome to the overall proteome, the synthesis and quality control of these nascent chains to maintain organelle proteostasis has long been overlooked. However, recent research has uncovered mechanisms by which defects to the quality control of mitochondrial gene expression are linked to a novel cellular stress response that impinges upon organelle form and function and cell fitness. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms for a key event in the response: activation of the metalloprotease OMA1. This severs the membrane tether of the dynamin-related GTPase OPA1, which is a critical determinant for mitochondrial morphology and function. We also highlight the evolutionary conservation from bacteria of these quality-control mechanisms to maintain membrane integrity, gene expression, and cell fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Uwe Richter
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
| | - Omid Safronov
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki 00014, Finland
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13
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Ward NP, DeNicola GM. Sulfur metabolism and its contribution to malignancy. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 347:39-103. [PMID: 31451216 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic dysregulation is an appreciated hallmark of cancer and a target for therapeutic intervention. Cellular metabolism involves a series of oxidation/reduction (redox) reactions that yield the energy and biomass required for tumor growth. Cells require diverse molecular species with constituent sulfur atoms to facilitate these processes. For humans, this sulfur is derived from the dietary consumption of the proteinogenic amino acids cysteine and methionine, as only lower organisms (e.g., bacteria, fungi, and plants) can synthesize them de novo. In addition to providing the sulfur required to sustain redox chemistry, the metabolism of these sulfur-containing amino acids yield intermediate metabolites that constitute the cellular antioxidant system, mediate inter- and intracellular signaling, and facilitate the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, all of which contribute to tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan P Ward
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| | - Gina M DeNicola
- Department of Cancer Physiology, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States.
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14
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Schrauwen I, Giese AP, Aziz A, Lafont DT, Chakchouk I, Santos-Cortez RLP, Lee K, Acharya A, Khan FS, Ullah A, Nickerson DA, Bamshad MJ, Ali G, Riazuddin S, Ansar M, Ahmad W, Ahmed ZM, Leal SM. FAM92A Underlies Nonsyndromic Postaxial Polydactyly in Humans and an Abnormal Limb and Digit Skeletal Phenotype in Mice. J Bone Miner Res 2019; 34:375-386. [PMID: 30395363 PMCID: PMC6489482 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Polydactyly is a common congenital anomaly of the hand and foot. Postaxial polydactyly (PAP) is characterized by one or more posterior or postaxial digits. In a Pakistani family with autosomal recessive nonsyndromic postaxial polydactyly type A (PAPA), we performed genomewide genotyping, linkage analysis, and exome and Sanger sequencing. Exome sequencing revealed a homozygous nonsense variant (c.478C>T, p.[Arg160*]) in the FAM92A gene within the mapped region on 8q21.13-q24.12 that segregated with the PAPA phenotype. We found that FAM92A is expressed in the developing mouse limb and E11.5 limb bud including the progress zone and the apical ectodermal ridge, where it strongly localizes at the cilia level, suggesting an important role in limb patterning. The identified variant leads to a loss of the FAM92A/Chibby1 complex that is crucial for ciliogenesis and impairs the recruitment and the colocalization of FAM92A with Chibby1 at the base of the cilia. In addition, we show that Fam92a-/- homozygous mice also exhibit an abnormal digit morphology, including metatarsal osteomas and polysyndactyly, in addition to distinct abnormalities on the deltoid tuberosity of their humeri. In conclusion, we present a new nonsyndromic PAPA ciliopathy due to a loss-of-function variant in FAM92A. © 2018 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Schrauwen
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Arnaud Pj Giese
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Abdul Aziz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Computer Science and Bioinformatics, Khushal Khan Khattak University, Karak, Pakistan
| | | | - Imen Chakchouk
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Regie Lyn P Santos-Cortez
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Kwanghyuk Lee
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anushree Acharya
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Falak Sher Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Asmat Ullah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Michael J Bamshad
- Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ghazanfar Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Muzaffarabad, Pakistan
| | - Saima Riazuddin
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Muhammad Ansar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Wasim Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zubair M Ahmed
- Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Suzanne M Leal
- Center for Statistical Genetics, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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15
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Serine Catabolism by SHMT2 Is Required for Proper Mitochondrial Translation Initiation and Maintenance of Formylmethionyl-tRNAs. Mol Cell 2019; 69:610-621.e5. [PMID: 29452640 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.01.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Upon glucose restriction, eukaryotic cells upregulate oxidative metabolism to maintain homeostasis. Using genetic screens, we find that the mitochondrial serine hydroxymethyltransferase (SHMT2) is required for robust mitochondrial oxygen consumption and low glucose proliferation. SHMT2 catalyzes the first step in mitochondrial one-carbon metabolism, which, particularly in proliferating cells, produces tetrahydrofolate (THF)-conjugated one-carbon units used in cytoplasmic reactions despite the presence of a parallel cytoplasmic pathway. Impairing cytoplasmic one-carbon metabolism or blocking efflux of one-carbon units from mitochondria does not phenocopy SHMT2 loss, indicating that a mitochondrial THF cofactor is responsible for the observed phenotype. The enzyme MTFMT utilizes one such cofactor, 10-formyl THF, producing formylmethionyl-tRNAs, specialized initiator tRNAs necessary for proper translation of mitochondrially encoded proteins. Accordingly, SHMT2 null cells specifically fail to maintain formylmethionyl-tRNA pools and mitochondrially encoded proteins, phenotypes similar to those observed in MTFMT-deficient patients. These findings provide a rationale for maintaining a compartmentalized one-carbon pathway in mitochondria.
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16
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Hemelsoet DM, Vanlander AV, Smet J, Vantroys E, Acou M, Goethals I, Sante T, Seneca S, Menten B, Van Coster R. Leigh syndrome followed by parkinsonism in an adult with homozygous c.626C>T mutation in MTFMT. NEUROLOGY-GENETICS 2018; 4:e298. [PMID: 30569017 PMCID: PMC6278240 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective To report the clinical, radiologic, biochemical, and molecular characteristics in a 46-year-old participant with adult-onset Leigh syndrome (LS), followed by parkinsonism. Methods Case description with diagnostic workup included blood and CSF analysis, skeletal muscle investigations, blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, whole exome sequencing targeting nuclear genes involved in mitochondrial transcription and translation, cerebral MRI, 123I-FP-CIT brain single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), and C-11 raclopride positron emission tomography (PET). Results The participant was found to have a defect in the oxidative phosphorylation caused by a c.626C>T mutation in the gene coding for mitochondrial methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase (MTFMT), which is a pathogenic mutation affecting intramitochondrial protein translation. The proband had a normal concentration of lactate in blood and no abnormal microscopic findings in skeletal muscle. Cerebral MRI showed bilateral lesions in the striatum, mesencephalon, pons, and medial thalamus. Lactate concentration in CSF was increased. FP-CIT SPECT and C-11 raclopride PET demonstrated a defect in the dopaminergic system. Conclusions We report on a case with adult-onset LS related to a MTFMT mutation. Two years after the onset of symptoms of LS, the proband developed a parkinson-like disease. The c.626C>T mutation is the most common pathogenic mutation found in 22 patients reported earlier in the literature with a defect in MTFMT. The age of the previously reported cases varied between 14 months and 24 years. Our report expands the phenotypical spectrum of MTFMT-related neurologic disease and provides clinical evidence for involvement of MTFMT in extrapyramidal syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri M Hemelsoet
- Department of Neurology (D.M.H.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Pediatrics (A.V.V., J.S., E.V., R.V.C.), Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.A.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (I.G.), Ghent University Hospital; Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (T.S., B.M.), Ghent University, Belgium; and Center for Medical Genetics (S.S.), UZ Brussel and Reproduction Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Arnaud V Vanlander
- Department of Neurology (D.M.H.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Pediatrics (A.V.V., J.S., E.V., R.V.C.), Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.A.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (I.G.), Ghent University Hospital; Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (T.S., B.M.), Ghent University, Belgium; and Center for Medical Genetics (S.S.), UZ Brussel and Reproduction Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joél Smet
- Department of Neurology (D.M.H.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Pediatrics (A.V.V., J.S., E.V., R.V.C.), Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.A.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (I.G.), Ghent University Hospital; Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (T.S., B.M.), Ghent University, Belgium; and Center for Medical Genetics (S.S.), UZ Brussel and Reproduction Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elise Vantroys
- Department of Neurology (D.M.H.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Pediatrics (A.V.V., J.S., E.V., R.V.C.), Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.A.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (I.G.), Ghent University Hospital; Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (T.S., B.M.), Ghent University, Belgium; and Center for Medical Genetics (S.S.), UZ Brussel and Reproduction Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marjan Acou
- Department of Neurology (D.M.H.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Pediatrics (A.V.V., J.S., E.V., R.V.C.), Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.A.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (I.G.), Ghent University Hospital; Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (T.S., B.M.), Ghent University, Belgium; and Center for Medical Genetics (S.S.), UZ Brussel and Reproduction Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Ingeborg Goethals
- Department of Neurology (D.M.H.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Pediatrics (A.V.V., J.S., E.V., R.V.C.), Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.A.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (I.G.), Ghent University Hospital; Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (T.S., B.M.), Ghent University, Belgium; and Center for Medical Genetics (S.S.), UZ Brussel and Reproduction Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tom Sante
- Department of Neurology (D.M.H.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Pediatrics (A.V.V., J.S., E.V., R.V.C.), Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.A.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (I.G.), Ghent University Hospital; Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (T.S., B.M.), Ghent University, Belgium; and Center for Medical Genetics (S.S.), UZ Brussel and Reproduction Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sara Seneca
- Department of Neurology (D.M.H.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Pediatrics (A.V.V., J.S., E.V., R.V.C.), Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.A.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (I.G.), Ghent University Hospital; Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (T.S., B.M.), Ghent University, Belgium; and Center for Medical Genetics (S.S.), UZ Brussel and Reproduction Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bjorn Menten
- Department of Neurology (D.M.H.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Pediatrics (A.V.V., J.S., E.V., R.V.C.), Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.A.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (I.G.), Ghent University Hospital; Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (T.S., B.M.), Ghent University, Belgium; and Center for Medical Genetics (S.S.), UZ Brussel and Reproduction Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Rudy Van Coster
- Department of Neurology (D.M.H.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Pediatrics (A.V.V., J.S., E.V., R.V.C.), Division of Pediatric Neurology and Metabolism, Ghent University Hospital; Department of Radiology (M.A.), Ghent University Hospital; Department of Nuclear Medicine (I.G.), Ghent University Hospital; Center for Medical Genetics Ghent (T.S., B.M.), Ghent University, Belgium; and Center for Medical Genetics (S.S.), UZ Brussel and Reproduction Genetics and Regenerative Medicine, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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17
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Arguello T, Köhrer C, RajBhandary UL, Moraes CT. Mitochondrial methionyl N-formylation affects steady-state levels of oxidative phosphorylation complexes and their organization into supercomplexes. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:15021-15032. [PMID: 30087118 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.003838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
N-Formylation of the Met-tRNAMet by the nuclearly encoded mitochondrial methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase (MTFMT) has been found to be a key determinant of protein synthesis initiation in mitochondria. In humans, mutations in the MTFMT gene result in Leigh syndrome, a progressive and severe neurometabolic disorder. However, the absolute requirement of formylation of Met-tRNAMet for protein synthesis in mammalian mitochondria is still debated. Here, we generated a Mtfmt-KO mouse fibroblast cell line and demonstrated that N-formylation of the first methionine via fMet-tRNAMet by MTFMT is not an absolute requirement for initiation of protein synthesis. However, it differentially affected the efficiency of synthesis of mtDNA-coded polypeptides. Lack of methionine N-formylation did not compromise the stability of these individual subunits but had a marked effect on the assembly and stability of the OXPHOS complexes I and IV and on their supercomplexes. In summary, N-formylation is not essential for mitochondrial protein synthesis but is critical for efficient synthesis of several mitochondrially encoded peptides and for OXPHOS complex stability and assembly into supercomplexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania Arguello
- From the Department of Neurology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136 and
| | - Caroline Köhrer
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Uttam L RajBhandary
- Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
| | - Carlos T Moraes
- From the Department of Neurology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136 and
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18
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Chowdhury-Paul S, Pando-Robles V, Jiménez-Jacinto V, Segura D, Espín G, Núñez C. Proteomic analysis revealed proteins induced upon Azotobacter vinelandii encystment. J Proteomics 2018; 181:47-59. [PMID: 29605291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2018.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sangita Chowdhury-Paul
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, Av. Universidad, 2001, Col Chamilpa, C.P. 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Victoria Pando-Robles
- Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Centro de Investigación Sobre Enfermedades Infecciosas (CISEI), Universidad No. 655 Colonia Santa María Ahuacatitlán, Cerrada Los Pinos y Caminera, C.P. 62100 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Verónica Jiménez-Jacinto
- Unidad Universitaria de Secuenciación Masiva y Bioinformática, Instituto de Biotecnologia, UNAM, Av. Universidad, 2001, Col Chamilpa, C.P. 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Daniel Segura
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, Av. Universidad, 2001, Col Chamilpa, C.P. 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Guadalupe Espín
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, Av. Universidad, 2001, Col Chamilpa, C.P. 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México
| | - Cinthia Núñez
- Departamento de Microbiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM, Av. Universidad, 2001, Col Chamilpa, C.P. 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
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19
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Cai Y, Chandrangsu P, Gaballa A, Helmann JD. Lack of formylated methionyl-tRNA has pleiotropic effects on Bacillus subtilis. MICROBIOLOGY-SGM 2017; 163:185-196. [PMID: 27983482 DOI: 10.1099/mic.0.000413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Bacteria initiate translation using a modified amino acid, N-formylmethionine (fMet), adapted specifically for this function. Most proteins are processed co-translationally by peptide deformylase (PDF) to remove this modification. Although PDF activity is essential in WT cells and is the target of the antibiotic actinonin, bypass mutations in the fmt gene that eliminate the formylation of Met-tRNAMet render PDF dispensable. The extent to which the emergence of fmt bypass mutations might compromise the therapeutic utility of actinonin is determined, in part, by the effects of these bypass mutations on fitness. Here, we characterize the phenotypic consequences of an fmt null mutation in the model organism Bacillus subtilis. An fmt null mutant is defective for several post-exponential phase adaptive programmes including antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, swarming and swimming motility and sporulation. In addition, a survey of well-characterized stress responses reveals an increased sensitivity to metal ion excess and oxidative stress. These diverse phenotypes presumably reflect altered synthesis or stability of key proteins involved in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Cai
- Department of Soil Science, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.,Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Pete Chandrangsu
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Ahmed Gaballa
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - John D Helmann
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
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Identification and functional characterization of a novel MTFMT mutation associated with selective vulnerability of the visual pathway and a mild neurological phenotype. Neurogenetics 2017; 18:97-103. [PMID: 28058511 DOI: 10.1007/s10048-016-0506-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial protein synthesis is initiated by formylated tRNA-methionine, which requires the activity of MTFMT, a methionyl-tRNA formyltransferase. Mutations in MTFMT have been associated with Leigh syndrome, early-onset mitochondrial leukoencephalopathy, microcephaly, ataxia, and cardiomyopathy. We identified compound heterozygous MTFMT mutations in a patient with a mild neurological phenotype and late-onset progressive visual impairment. MRI studies documented a progressive and selective involvement of the retrochiasmatic visual pathway. MTFMT was undetectable by immunoblot analysis of patient fibroblasts, resulting in specific defects in mitochondrial protein synthesis and assembly of the oxidative phosphorylation complexes. This report expands the clinical and MRI phenotypes associated with MTFMT mutations, illustrating the complexity of genotype-phenotype relationships in mitochondrial translation disorders.
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21
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Janer A, Prudent J, Paupe V, Fahiminiya S, Majewski J, Sgarioto N, Des Rosiers C, Forest A, Lin ZY, Gingras AC, Mitchell G, McBride HM, Shoubridge EA. SLC25A46 is required for mitochondrial lipid homeostasis and cristae maintenance and is responsible for Leigh syndrome. EMBO Mol Med 2016; 8:1019-38. [PMID: 27390132 PMCID: PMC5009808 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201506159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria form a dynamic network that responds to physiological signals and metabolic stresses by altering the balance between fusion and fission. Mitochondrial fusion is orchestrated by conserved GTPases MFN1/2 and OPA1, a process coordinated in yeast by Ugo1, a mitochondrial metabolite carrier family protein. We uncovered a homozygous missense mutation in SLC25A46, the mammalian orthologue of Ugo1, in a subject with Leigh syndrome. SLC25A46 is an integral outer membrane protein that interacts with MFN2, OPA1, and the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system (MICOS) complex. The subject mutation destabilizes the protein, leading to mitochondrial hyperfusion, alterations in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) morphology, impaired cellular respiration, and premature cellular senescence. The MICOS complex is disrupted in subject fibroblasts, resulting in strikingly abnormal mitochondrial architecture, with markedly shortened cristae. SLC25A46 also interacts with the ER membrane protein complex EMC, and phospholipid composition is altered in subject mitochondria. These results show that SLC25A46 plays a role in a mitochondrial/ER pathway that facilitates lipid transfer, and link altered mitochondrial dynamics to early‐onset neurodegenerative disease and cell fate decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Janer
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Julien Prudent
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vincent Paupe
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Jacek Majewski
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nicolas Sgarioto
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Christine Des Rosiers
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Anik Forest
- Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Zhen-Yuan Lin
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Anne-Claude Gingras
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Grant Mitchell
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine and Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Heidi M McBride
- Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Eric A Shoubridge
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada Montreal Neurological Institute, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
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