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Wang D, Jiang X, Zhang W, Cao D, Ye G, Chen J, Lei Y, Wei X. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses reveal mechanisms underpinning resistance of Chinese wild grape to Colletotrichum viniferum. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 215:108851. [PMID: 39191040 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
Grape ripe rot is one of the most important diseases caused by Colletotrichum spp. Chinese wild grape (Vitis davidii) is highly resistant to Colletotrichum viniferum infection. But mechanisms underlying the resistance remain largely unclear. In this study, transcriptomic and metabolomic responses of V. davidii to C. viniferum were studied before and after 1, 2, 4, and 6 days of inoculation. C. viniferum infection induced the expression of a large number of defense-related genes. KEGG analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were largely those involved in alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, flavonoid biosynthesis, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, stilbenoid biosynthesis, and other defense-related metabolic pathways. Based on transcriptome data and experimental analysis, we found that jasmonic acid (JA) biosynthesis was closely related to V. davidii resistance to C. viniferum. In addition, many genes related to the synthesis of lignin and phytoalexin resveratrol are upregulated by pathogen infection, and metabolomic analysis showed that there was an increasing accumulation of resveratrol on day 6 of C. viniferum inoculation. Further analysis indicated that transcription factors, such as VdWRKY75 regulated the biosynthesis of lignin and stilbenes. A working model for V. davidii against C. viniferum infection was proposed. The infection of C. viniferum induced JA production, JA along with transcription factors regulated the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, such as lignin and resveratrol that enhanced plant resistance to C. viniferum. This study elucidated molecular mechanisms underlying the resistance of Chinese wild V. davidii to C. viniferum which can provide a theoretical basis for grape disease resistance breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Xiuli Jiang
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Dingding Cao
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Guiping Ye
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Environmental Horticulture, Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Apopka, FL, United States
| | - Yan Lei
- Fruit Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou, 350013, China.
| | - Xiangying Wei
- Fujian Key Laboratory on Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Marine Biodiversity, Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, 350108, China.
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Zhang Y, Hu L, Wang S, Gou X, Guo Q, Liang G. Genome-wide identification of R2R3-MYB family in Eriobotrya japonica and functional analysis of EjMYB5 involved in proanthocyanidin biosynthesis. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 347:112198. [PMID: 39029629 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2024.112198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) is a popular fruit and medicinal plant. Proanthocyanidins (PAs), as one of the main types of flavonoids, are the key components of loquat fruit quality and medicinal properties. However, the identification of transcription factors (TFs) involved in PA accumulation in loquat remains limited. R2R3-MYB TFs play key regulatory role in PA accumulation in plants. In this study, 190 R2R3-MYB TFs were identified in loquat genome. Combined with transcriptome data, R2R3-MYB TF EjMYB5 involved in PA accumulation in loquat was isolated. EjMYB5 was transcriptional activator localized to nucleus. Expression of EjMYB5 was closely related to PA accumulation in loquat fruits. Heterogenous overexpression of EjMYB5 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) inhibited anthocyanin accumulation and promoted PA accumulation. Additionally, transient overexpression of EjMYB5 in tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) leaves promoted PA accumulation by upregulating flavonoid biosynthesis genes (NtDFR, NtANS, and NtLAR). Transcriptome analysis of EjMYB5-overexpressing tomato fruits suggested that EjMYB5 was involved in several biological pathways, including lipid metabolism, MAPK signaling, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, and flavonoid biosynthesis. Collectively, our findings provided basic data for further analysis the function of R2R3-MYB TFs in loquat, and revealed that EjMYB5 functioned as PA accumulation in loquat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Luyan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Shuming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiuhong Gou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qigao Guo
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
| | - Guolu Liang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China; State Cultivation Base of Crop Stress Biology for Southern Mountainous Land of Southwest University, Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, China.
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Liu T, Li Y, Shi Y, Ma J, Peng Y, Tian X, Zhang N, Ma F, Li C. γ-Aminobutyric acid mediated by MdCBF3- MdGAD1 mitigates low temperature damage in apple. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135331. [PMID: 39236964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Revised: 08/30/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024]
Abstract
Low temperatures can seriously affect apple yield and can also cause chilling injury to apple fruit. γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) plays an important role in improving plant stress resistance. Some studies have reported that GABA can improve cold resistance in plants, only through exogenous treatment; however, the molecular mechanism of its resistance to low temperature is still unknown. This result suggested that exogenous GABA treatment of both apple seedlings and fruit could improve the resistance of apple to low temperatures. MdGAD1, a key gene involved in GABA synthesis, was overexpressed in tomato plants and apple callus to improve their cold tolerance. Both yeast one-hybrid and luciferase assay showed that MdCBF3 could bind to the MdGAD1 promoter to activate its expression and promote GABA synthesis. These results revealed a molecular mechanism utilizing the MdCBF3-MdGAD1 regulatory module that can enhance cold resistance by increasing endogenous GABA synthesis in apple.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanfang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
| | - Yanjiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jiajing Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuxiao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiaocheng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Naiqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Cuiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
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Zhao T, Huang C, Li N, Ge Y, Wang L, Tang Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Zhang C. Ubiquitin ligase VvPUB26 in grapevine promotes proanthocyanidin synthesis and resistance to powdery mildew. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 195:2891-2910. [PMID: 38688011 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiae249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Proanthocyanidins (PAs) are an important group of flavonoids that contribute to astringency, color, and flavor in grapes (Vitis vinifera) and wines. They also play a crucial role in enhancing plant resistance to various stresses. However, the underlying regulatory mechanism governing PAs biosynthesis, particularly in relation to conferring resistance to powdery mildew, has not been extensively explored. This study focused on identifying a key player in PAs biosynthesis, namely the plant U-box (PUB) E3 ubiquitin ligase VvPUB26. We discovered that overexpression of VvPUB26 in grapes leads to a significant increase in PAs content, whereas interfering with VvPUB26 has the opposite effect. Additionally, our findings demonstrated that overexpression of VvPUB26 in transgenic grapevines enhances defense against powdery mildew while interfering with VvPUB26 results in increased susceptibility to the pathogen. Interestingly, we observed that VvPUB26 interacts with the WRKY transcription factor VvWRKY24, thereby facilitating ubiquitination and degradation processes. Through RNA-Seq analysis, we found that VvWRKY24 primarily participates in secondary metabolites biosynthesis, metabolic pathways, and plant-pathogen interaction. Notably, VvWRKY24 directly interacts with the promoters of dihydroflavonol-4-reductase (DFR) and leucoanthocyanidin reductase (LAR) to inhibit PAs biosynthesis. Meanwhile, VvWRKY24 also influences the expression of MYB transcription factor genes related to PAs synthesis. In conclusion, our results unveil a regulatory module involving VvPUB26-VvWRKY24-VvDFR/VvLAR that plays a fundamental role in governing PAs biosynthesis in grapevines. These findings enhance our understanding of the relationship between PAs biosynthesis and defense mechanisms against powdery mildew.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Congbo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yaqi Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yujin Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yuejin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Chaohong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northwest Region), Ministry of Agriculture, P.R. China, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Mu Y, Dong Y, Li X, Gong A, Yu H, Wang C, Liu J, Liang Q, Yang K, Fang H. JrPHL8-JrWRKY4-JrSTH2L module regulates resistance to Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in walnut. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae148. [PMID: 38988616 PMCID: PMC11233879 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Walnut anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) reduces walnut yield and quality and seriously threatens the healthy development of the walnut industry. WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are crucial regulatory factors involved in plant-pathogen interactions. Our previous transcriptome analysis results indicate that JrWRKY4 responds to infection by C. gloeosporioides, but its specific regulatory network and disease resistance mechanism are still unclear. Herein, the characteristics of JrWRKY4 as a transcription activator located in the nucleus were first identified. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function analyses showed that JrWRKY4 could enhance walnut resistance against C. gloeosporioides. A series of molecular experiments showed that JrWRKY4 directly interacted with the promoter region of JrSTH2L and positively regulated its expression. In addition, JrWRKY4 interacted with JrVQ4 to form the protein complex, which inhibited JrWRKY4 for the activation of JrSTH2L. Notably, a MYB TF JrPHL8 interacting with the JrWRKY4 promoter has also been identified, which directly bound to the MBS element in the promoter of JrWRKY4 and induced its activity. Our study elucidated a novel mechanism of the JrPHL8-JrWRKY4-JrSTH2L in regulating walnut resistance to anthracnose. This mechanism improves our understanding of the molecular mechanism of WRKY TF mediated resistance to anthracnose in walnut, which provides new insights for molecular breeding of disease-resistant walnuts in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Mu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Yuhui Dong
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
- Mountain Tai Forest Ecosystem Research Station of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Xichen Li
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Andi Gong
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Haiyi Yu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Changxi Wang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Jianning Liu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Qiang Liang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
- Mountain Tai Forest Ecosystem Research Station of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Keqiang Yang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
- Mountain Tai Forest Ecosystem Research Station of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
| | - Hongcheng Fang
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
- Mountain Tai Forest Ecosystem Research Station of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
- State Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Silviculture in Downstream Areas of the Yellow River, Taian 271018, Shandong, China
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Qu J, Xiao P, Zhao ZQ, Wang YL, Zeng YK, Zeng X, Liu JH. Genome-wide identification, expression analysis of WRKY transcription factors in Citrus ichangensis and functional validation of CiWRKY31 in response to cold stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:617. [PMID: 38937686 PMCID: PMC11212357 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05320-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ichang papeda (Citrus ichangensis), a wild perennial plant of the Rutaceae family, is a cold-hardy plant. WRKY transcription factors are crucial regulators of plant growth and development as well as abiotic stress responses. However, the WRKY genes in C. ichangensis (CiWRKY) and their expression patterns under cold stress have not been thoroughly investigated, hindering our understanding of their role in cold tolerance. RESULTS In this study, a total of 52 CiWRKY genes identified in the genome of C. ichangensis were classified into three main groups and five subgroups based on phylogenetic analysis. Comprehensive analyses of motif features, conserved domains, and gene structures were performed. Segmental duplication plays a significant role in the CiWRKY gene family expansion. Cis-acting element analysis revealed the presence of various stress-responsive elements in the promoters of the majority of CiWRKYs. Gene ontology (GO) analysis and protein-protein interaction predictions indicate that the CiWRKYs exhibit crucial roles in regulation of both development and stress response. Expression profiling analysis demonstrates that 14 CiWRKYs were substantially induced under cold stress. Virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) assay confirmed that CiWRKY31, one of the cold-induced WRKYs, functions positively in regulation of cold tolerance. CONCLUSION Sequence and protein properties of CiWRKYs were systematically analyzed. Among the 52 CiWRKY genes 14 members exhibited cold-responsive expression patterns, and CiWRKY31 was verified to be a positive regulator of cold tolerance. These findings pave way for future investigations to understand the molecular functions of CiWRKYs in cold tolerance and contribute to unravelling WRKYs that may be used for engineering cold tolerance in citrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Qu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Peng Xiao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ze-Qi Zhao
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi-Lei Wang
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi-Ke Zeng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xi Zeng
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Song W, Zhang S, Li Q, Xiang G, Zhao Y, Wei F, Zhang G, Yang S, Hao B. Genome-wide profiling of WRKY genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis in Erigeron breviscapus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1412574. [PMID: 38895611 PMCID: PMC11184973 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1412574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The transcription factors of WRKY genes play essential roles in plant growth, stress responses, and metabolite biosynthesis. Erigeron breviscapus, a traditional Chinese herb, is abundant in flavonoids and has been used for centuries to treat cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. However, the WRKY transcription factors that regulate flavonoid biosynthesis in E. breviscapus remain unknown. In this study, a total of 75 EbWRKY transcription factors were predicted through comprehensive genome-wide characterization of E. breviscapus and the chromosomal localization of each EbWRKY gene was investigated. RNA sequencing revealed transient responses of 74 predicted EbWRKY genes to exogenous abscisic acid (ABA), salicylic acid (SA), and gibberellin 3 (GA3) after 4 h of treatment. In contrast, the expression of key structural genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis increased after 4 h in GA3 treatment. However, the content of flavonoid metabolites in leaves significantly increased at 12 h. The qRT-PCR results showed that the expression patterns of EbWRKY11, EbWRKY30, EbWRKY31, EbWRKY36, and EbWRKY44 transcription factors exhibited a high degree of similarity to the 11 structural genes involved in flavonoid biosynthesis. Protein-DNA interactions were performed between the key genes involved in scutellarin biosynthesis and candidate WRKYs. The result showed that F7GAT interacts with EbWRKY11, EbWRKY36, and EbWRKY44, while EbF6H has a self-activation function. This study provides comprehensive information on the regulatory control network of flavonoid accumulation mechanisms, offering valuable insights for breeding E. breviscapus varieties with enhanced scutellarin content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanling Song
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shuangyan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Qi Li
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guisheng Xiang
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Fan Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Shengchao Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Bing Hao
- The Key Laboratory of Medicinal Plant Biology of Yunnan Province, National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasms Innovation & Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Yunnan Characteristic Plant Extraction Laboratory, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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8
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Tang W, Tang Z, Liu H, Lu J, Du Q, Tian H, Li J. Xanthohumol and echinocystic acid induces PSTVd tolerance in tomato. PLANT DIRECT 2024; 8:e612. [PMID: 38911016 PMCID: PMC11190350 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Tomato is a popular vegetable worldwide; its production is highly threatened by infection with the potato spindle tuber viroid (PSTVd). We obtained the full-length genome sequence of previously conserved PSTVd and inoculated it on four genotypes of semi-cultivated tomatoes selected from a local tomato germplasm resource. SC-5, which is a PSTVd-resistant genotype, and SC-96, which is a PSTVd-sensitive genotype, were identified by detecting the fruit yield, plant growth, biomass accumulation, physiological indices, and PSTVd genome titer after PSTVd inoculation. A non-target metabolomics study was conducted on PSTVd-infected and control SC-5 to identify potential anti-PSTVd metabolites. The platform of liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry detected 158 or 123 differential regulated metabolites in modes of positive ion or negative ion. Principal component analysis revealed a clear separation of the global metabolite profile between PSTVd-infected leaves and control regardless of the detection mode. The potential anti-PSTVd compounds, xanthohumol, oxalicine B, indole-3-carbinol, and rosmarinic acid were significantly upregulated in positive ion mode, whereas echinocystic acid, chlorogenic acid, and 5-acetylsalicylic acid were upregulated in negative ion mode. Xanthohumol and echinocystic acid were detected as the most upregulated metabolites and were exogenously applied on PSTVd-diseased SC-96 seedlings. Both xanthohumol and echinocystic acid had instant and long-term inhibition effect on PSTVd titer. The highest reduction of disease symptom was induced by 2.6 mg/L of xanthohumol and 2.0 mg/L of echinocystic acid after 10 days of leaf spraying, respectively. A superior effect was seen on echinocystic acid than on xanthohumol. Our study provides a statistical basis for breeding anti-viroid tomato genotypes and creating plant-originating chemical preparations to prevent viroid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenkun Tang
- Vegetable Industry Research InstituteGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
- College of AgricultureGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Zhichao Tang
- Vegetable Industry Research InstituteGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
- College of AgricultureGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Haiyi Liu
- Vegetable Industry Research InstituteGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
- College of AgricultureGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Jinbiao Lu
- Vegetable Industry Research InstituteGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
- College of AgricultureGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Qianyun Du
- Guizhou Advanced Seed Industry GroupGuiyangChina
| | - Huan Tian
- Guizhou Advanced Seed Industry GroupGuiyangChina
| | - Jingwei Li
- Vegetable Industry Research InstituteGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
- College of AgricultureGuizhou UniversityGuiyangChina
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9
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Xu H, Zhang S, Liang C, Li M, Wang R, Song J, Cui Z, Yang Y, Liu J, Li D. Melatonin enhances resistance to Botryosphaeria dothidea in pear by promoting jasmonic acid and phlorizin biosynthesis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:470. [PMID: 38811892 PMCID: PMC11134937 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05187-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Ring rot, caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea, is an important fungal disease of pear fruit during postharvest storage. Melatonin, as a plant growth regulator, plays an important role in enhancing the stress resistance of pear fruits. It enhances the resistance of pear fruits to ring rot by enhancing their antioxidant capacity. However, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we examined the effect of melatonin on the growth of B. dothidea. Results showed that melatonin did not limit the growth of B. dothidea during in vitro culture. However, metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses of 'Whangkeumbae' pear (Pyrus pyrifolia) revealed that melatonin increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and polyphenol oxidase (PPO), in the fruit and activated the phenylpropanoid metabolic pathway to improve fruit resistance. Furthermore, melatonin treatment significantly increased the contents of jasmonic acid and phlorizin in pear fruit, both of which could improve disease resistance. Jasmonic acid regulates melatonin synthesis and can also promote phlorizin synthesis, ultimately improving the resistance of pear fruit to ring rot. In summary, the interaction between melatonin and jasmonic acid and phlorizin enhances the antioxidant defense response and phenylpropanoid metabolism pathway of pear fruit, thereby enhancing the resistance of pear fruit to ring rot disease. Our results provide new insights into the application of melatonin in the resistance to pear fruit ring rot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongpeng Xu
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Siying Zhang
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Chenglin Liang
- Haidu College, Qingdao Agricultural University, Laiyang, 265200, China
| | - Min Li
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Ran Wang
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jiankun Song
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Zhenhua Cui
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Yingjie Yang
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China
| | - Jianlong Liu
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
| | - Dingli Li
- Qingdao Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Breeding in Horticultural Plants, Engineering Laboratory of Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops of Shandong Province, College of Horticulture, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, 266109, China.
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10
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Zhao Q, Li X, Jiao Y, Chen Y, Yan Y, Wang Y, Hamiaux C, Wang Y, Ma F, Atkinson RG, Li P. Identification of two key genes involved in flavonoid catabolism and their different roles in apple resistance to biotic stresses. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2024; 242:1238-1256. [PMID: 38426393 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Biosynthesis of flavonoid aglycones and glycosides is well established. However, key genes involved in their catabolism are poorly understood, even though the products of hydrolysis and oxidation play important roles in plant resistance to biotic stress. Here, we report on catabolism of dihydrochalcones (DHCs), the most abundant flavonoids in domesticated apple and wild Malus. Two key genes, BGLU13.1 and PPO05, were identified by activity-directed protein purification. BGLU13.1-A hydrolyzed phlorizin, (the most abundant DHC in domesticated apple) to produce phloretin which was then oxidized by PPO05. The process differed in some wild Malus, where trilobatin (a positional isomer of phlorizin) was mainly oxidized by PPO05. The effects of DHC catabolism on apple resistance to biotic stresses was investigated using transgenic plants. Either directly or indirectly, phlorizin hydrolysis affected resistance to the phytophagous pest two-spotted spider mite, while oxidation of trilobatin was involved in resistance to the biotrophic fungus Podosphaera leucotricha. DHC catabolism did not affect apple resistance to necrotrophic pathogens Valsa mali and Erwinia amylovara. These results suggest that different DHC catabolism pathways play different roles in apple resistance to biotic stresses. The role of DHC catabolism on apple resistance appeared closely related to the mode of invasion/damage used by pathogen/pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ying Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yanfang Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yuzhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Cyril Hamiaux
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Yule Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ross G Atkinson
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Ltd, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand
| | - Pengmin Li
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Stress Resistance and High-Efficiency Production/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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11
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Cao Y, Mei Y, Zhang R, Zhong Z, Yang X, Xu C, Chen K, Li X. Transcriptional regulation of flavonol biosynthesis in plants. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae043. [PMID: 38623072 PMCID: PMC11017525 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Flavonols are a class of flavonoids that play a crucial role in regulating plant growth and promoting stress resistance. They are also important dietary components in horticultural crops due to their benefits for human health. In past decades, research on the transcriptional regulation of flavonol biosynthesis in plants has increased rapidly. This review summarizes recent progress in flavonol-specific transcriptional regulation in plants, encompassing characterization of different categories of transcription factors (TFs) and microRNAs as well as elucidation of different transcriptional mechanisms, including direct and cascade transcriptional regulation. Direct transcriptional regulation involves TFs, such as MYB, AP2/ERF, and WRKY, which can directly target the key flavonol synthase gene or other early genes in flavonoid biosynthesis. In addition, different regulation modules in cascade transcriptional regulation involve microRNAs targeting TFs, regulation between activators, interaction between activators and repressors, and degradation of activators or repressors induced by UV-B light or plant hormones. Such sophisticated regulation of the flavonol biosynthetic pathway in response to UV-B radiation or hormones may allow plants to fine-tune flavonol homeostasis, thereby balancing plant growth and stress responses in a timely manner. Based on orchestrated regulation, molecular design strategies will be applied to breed horticultural crops with excellent health-promoting effects and high resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlin Cao
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Yuyang Mei
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ruining Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zelong Zhong
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaochun Yang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Changjie Xu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Kunsong Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xian Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Quality Manipulation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Shandong (Linyi) Institute of Modern Agriculture, Zhejiang University, Linyi, 276000, China
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12
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Liu J, Peng L, Cao C, Bai C, Wang Y, Li Z, Zhu H, Wen Q, He S. Identification of WRKY Family Members and Characterization of the Low-Temperature-Stress-Responsive WRKY Genes in Luffa ( Luffa cylindrica L.). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:676. [PMID: 38475522 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The plant-specific WRKY transcription factor family members have diverse regulatory effects on the genes associated with many plant processes. Although the WRKY proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana and other species have been thoroughly investigated, there has been relatively little research on the WRKY family in Luffa cylindrica, which is one of the most widely grown vegetables in China. In this study, we performed a genome-wide analysis to identify L. cylindrica WRKY genes, which were subsequently classified and examined in terms of their gene structures, chromosomal locations, promoter cis-acting elements, and responses to abiotic stress. A total of 62 LcWRKY genes (471-2238 bp) were identified and divided into three phylogenetic groups (I, II, and III), with group II further divided into five subgroups (IIa, IIb, IIc, IId, and IIe) in accordance with the classification in other plants. The LcWRKY genes were unevenly distributed across 13 chromosomes. The gene structure analysis indicated that the LcWRKY genes contained 0-11 introns (average of 4.4). Moreover, 20 motifs were detected in the LcWRKY proteins with conserved motifs among the different phylogenetic groups. Two subgroup IIc members (LcWRKY16 and LcWRKY31) contained the WRKY sequence variant WRKYGKK. Additionally, nine cis-acting elements related to diverse responses to environmental stimuli were identified in the LcWRKY promoters. The subcellular localization analysis indicated that three LcWRKY proteins (LcWRKY43, LcWRKY7, and LcWRKY23) are localized in the nucleus. The tissue-specific LcWRKY expression profiles reflected the diversity in LcWRKY expression. The RNA-seq data revealed the effects of low-temperature stress on LcWRKY expression. The cold-induced changes in expression were verified via a qRT-PCR analysis of 24 differentially expressed WRKY genes. Both LcWRKY7 and LcWRKY12 were highly responsive to the low-temperature treatment (approximately 110-fold increase in expression). Furthermore, the LcWRKY8, LcWRKY12, and LcWRKY59 expression levels increased by more than 25-fold under cold conditions. Our findings will help clarify the evolution of the luffa WRKY family while also providing valuable insights for future studies on WRKY functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianting Liu
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
- Crops Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Lijuan Peng
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chengjuan Cao
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Changhui Bai
- Crops Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Yuqian Wang
- College of Horticulture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Zuliang Li
- Crops Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Haisheng Zhu
- Crops Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Qingfang Wen
- Crops Research Institute, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Vegetable Genetics and Breeding, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Shuilin He
- College of Agriculture, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
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13
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Kong CH, Li Z, Li FL, Xia XX, Wang P. Chemically Mediated Plant-Plant Interactions: Allelopathy and Allelobiosis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:626. [PMID: 38475470 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Plant-plant interactions are a central driver for plant coexistence and community assembly. Chemically mediated plant-plant interactions are represented by allelopathy and allelobiosis. Both allelopathy and allelobiosis are achieved through specialized metabolites (allelochemicals or signaling chemicals) produced and released from neighboring plants. Allelopathy exerts mostly negative effects on the establishment and growth of neighboring plants by allelochemicals, while allelobiosis provides plant neighbor detection and identity recognition mediated by signaling chemicals. Therefore, plants can chemically affect the performance of neighboring plants through the allelopathy and allelobiosis that frequently occur in plant-plant intra-specific and inter-specific interactions. Allelopathy and allelobiosis are two probably inseparable processes that occur together in plant-plant chemical interactions. Here, we comprehensively review allelopathy and allelobiosis in plant-plant interactions, including allelopathy and allelochemicals and their application for sustainable agriculture and forestry, allelobiosis and plant identity recognition, chemically mediated root-soil interactions and plant-soil feedback, and biosynthesis and the molecular mechanisms of allelochemicals and signaling chemicals. Altogether, these efforts provide the recent advancements in the wide field of allelopathy and allelobiosis, and new insights into the chemically mediated plant-plant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chui-Hua Kong
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zheng Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feng-Li Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xin-Xin Xia
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peng Wang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
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14
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Wang Y, Chen B, Cheng C, Fu B, Qi M, Du H, Geng S, Zhang X. Comparative Transcriptomics Analysis Reveals the Differences in Transcription between Resistant and Susceptible Pepper ( Capsicum annuum L.) Varieties in Response to Anthracnose. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:527. [PMID: 38498545 PMCID: PMC10892400 DOI: 10.3390/plants13040527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) is a herbaceous plant species in the family Solanaceae. Capsicum anthracnose is caused by the genus Colletotrichum. spp., which decreases pepper production by about 50% each year due to anthracnose. In this study, we evaluated the resistance of red ripe fruits from 17 pepper varieties against anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum capsici. We assessed the size of the lesion diameter and conducted significance analysis to identify the resistant variety of B158 and susceptible variety of B161. We selected a resistant cultivar B158 and a susceptible cultivar B161 of pepper and used a transcription to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the plant's resistance to C. capsici, of which little is known. The inoculated fruit from these two varieties were used for the comparative transcription analysis, which revealed the anthracnose-induced differential transcription in the resistant and susceptible pepper samples. In the environment of an anthrax infection, we found that there were more differentially expressed genes in resistant varieties compared to susceptible varieties. Moreover, the response to stimulus and stress ability was stronger in the KANG. The transcription analysis revealed the activation of plant hormone signaling pathways, phenylpropanoid synthesis, and metabolic processes in the defense response of peppers against anthracnose. In addition, ARR-B, AP2-EREBP, bHLH, WRKY, and NAC are associated with disease resistance to anthracnose. Notably, WRKY and NAC were found to have a potentially positive regulatory role in the defense response against anthracnose. These findings contribute to a more comprehensive understanding of the resistance mechanisms of red pepper fruit to anthracnose infection, providing valuable molecular insights for further research on the resistance mechanisms and genetic regulations during this developmental stage of pepper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Wang
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (Y.W.); (B.C.); (C.C.); (H.D.); (S.G.)
| | - Bin Chen
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (Y.W.); (B.C.); (C.C.); (H.D.); (S.G.)
| | - Chunyuan Cheng
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (Y.W.); (B.C.); (C.C.); (H.D.); (S.G.)
| | - Bingkun Fu
- College of Horticultural, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100097, China; (B.F.); (M.Q.)
| | - Meixia Qi
- College of Horticultural, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100097, China; (B.F.); (M.Q.)
| | - Heshan Du
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (Y.W.); (B.C.); (C.C.); (H.D.); (S.G.)
| | - Sansheng Geng
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (Y.W.); (B.C.); (C.C.); (H.D.); (S.G.)
| | - Xiaofen Zhang
- Beijing Vegetable Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (Y.W.); (B.C.); (C.C.); (H.D.); (S.G.)
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15
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Hao X, Wang S, Fu Y, Liu Y, Shen H, Jiang L, McLamore ES, Shen Y. The WRKY46-MYC2 module plays a critical role in E-2-hexenal-induced anti-herbivore responses by promoting flavonoid accumulation. PLANT COMMUNICATIONS 2024; 5:100734. [PMID: 37859344 PMCID: PMC10873895 DOI: 10.1016/j.xplc.2023.100734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play key roles in plant-plant communication, especially in response to pest attack. E-2-hexenal is an important component of VOCs, but it is unclear whether it can induce endogenous plant resistance to insects. Here, we show that E-2-hexenal activates early signaling events in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) mesophyll cells, including an H2O2 burst at the plasma membrane, the directed flow of calcium ions, and an increase in cytosolic calcium concentration. Treatment of wild-type Arabidopsis plants with E-2-hexenal increases their resistance when challenged with the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella L., and this phenomenon is largely lost in the wrky46 mutant. Mechanistically, E-2-hexenal induces the expression of WRKY46 and MYC2, and the physical interaction of their encoded proteins was verified by yeast two-hybrid, firefly luciferase complementation imaging, and in vitro pull-down assays. The WRKY46-MYC2 complex directly binds to the promoter of RBOHD to promote its expression, as demonstrated by luciferase reporter, yeast one-hybrid, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays. This module also positively regulates the expression of E-2-hexenal-induced naringenin biosynthesis genes (TT4 and CHIL) and the accumulation of total flavonoids, thereby modulating plant tolerance to insects. Together, our results highlight an important role for the WRKY46-MYC2 module in the E-2-hexenal-induced defense response of Arabidopsis, providing new insights into the mechanisms by which VOCs trigger plant defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Hao
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shuyao Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Biotech Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yahui Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hongyu Shen
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, USA
| | - Libo Jiang
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Eric S McLamore
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA
| | - Yingbai Shen
- National Engineering Research Center of Tree Breeding and Ecological Restoration, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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16
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Dong S, Liu X, Han J, Miao H, Beckles DM, Bai Y, Liu X, Guan J, Yang R, Gu X, Sun J, Yang X, Zhang S. CsMLO8/11 are required for full susceptibility of cucumber stem to powdery mildew and interact with CsCRK2 and CsRbohD. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhad295. [PMID: 38404593 PMCID: PMC10894460 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Powdery mildew (PM) is one of the most destructive diseases that threaten cucumber production globally. Efficient breeding of novel PM-resistant cultivars will require a robust understanding of the molecular mechanisms of cucumber resistance against PM. Using a genome-wide association study, we detected a locus significantly correlated with PM resistance in cucumber stem, pm-s5.1. A 1449-bp insertion in the CsMLO8 coding region at the pm-s5.1 locus resulted in enhanced stem PM resistance. Knockout mutants of CsMLO8 and CsMLO11 generated by CRISPR/Cas9 both showed improved PM resistance in the stem, hypocotyl, and leaves, and the double mutant mlo8mlo11 displayed even stronger resistance. We found that reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation was higher in the stem of these mutants. Protein interaction assays suggested that CsMLO8 and CsMLO11 could physically interact with CsRbohD and CsCRK2, respectively. Further, we showed that CsMLO8 and CsCRK2 competitively interact with the C-terminus of CsRbohD to affect CsCRK2-CsRbohD module-mediated ROS production during PM defense. These findings provide new insights into the understanding of CsMLO proteins during PM defense responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyun Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
| | - Xin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
| | - Jianan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
| | - Han Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
| | - Diane M Beckles
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California Davis, One Shield Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Yuling Bai
- Plant Breeding, Wageningen University & Research, Droevendaalsesteeg 1, 6708 PB Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
| | - Jiantao Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
| | - Ruizhen Yang
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Xingfang Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
| | - Jiaqiang Sun
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, China
| | - Xueyong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
| | - Shengping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081, Beijing China
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Gao H, Shi M, Zhang H, Shang H, Yang Q. Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses revealed metabolite variations and regulatory networks in Cinnamomum cassia Presl from four growth years. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1325961. [PMID: 38269138 PMCID: PMC10806117 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1325961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
To understand the mechanism of the dynamic accumulation of active ingredients in Cinnamomum cassia Presl, metabolomic and transcriptomic analyses of 5~8 years old C. cassia were performed. A total of 72 phenylpropanoids, 146 flavonoids, and 130 terpenoids showed marked changes. Most phenylpropanoids and flavonoids showed markedly higher abundances in 6-year-old C. cassia than in others, which was related to the higher expression of genes that synthesize and regulate phenylpropanoids and flavonoid. We identified transcription factors (TFs) and genes involved in phenylpropanoids and flavonoids synthesis and regulation through co-expression network analyses. Furthermore, most of the terpenoids in 5-year-old C. cassia showed markedly higher abundances than in others, which was due to the differentially expressed genes upstream of the terpenoids pathway. The results of our study provide new insights into the synthesis and accumulation of phenylpropanoid, flavonoids and terpenoids in C. cassia at four growth stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyang Gao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Shi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiju Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongli Shang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center on Good Agricultural Practice & Comprehensive Agricultural Development Engineering Technology of Cantonese Medicinal Materials, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Comprehensive Experimental Station of Guangzhou, Chinese Material Medica, China Agriculture Research System (CARS-21-16), Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Production & Development of Cantonese Medicinal Materials, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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18
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Wang X, Tu M, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Yin W, Fang J, Gao M, Li Z, Zhan W, Fang Y, Song J, Xi Z, Wang X. Telomere-to-telomere and gap-free genome assembly of a susceptible grapevine species (Thompson Seedless) to facilitate grape functional genomics. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhad260. [PMID: 38288254 PMCID: PMC10822838 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Grapes are globally recognized as economically significant fruit trees. Among grape varieties, Thompson Seedless holds paramount influence for fresh consumption and for extensive applications in winemaking, drying, and juicing. This variety is one of the most efficient genotypes for grape genetic modification. However, the lack of a high-quality genome has impeded effective breeding efforts. Here, we present the high-quality reference genome of Thompson Seedless with all 19 chromosomes represented as 19 contiguous sequences (N50 = 27.1 Mb) with zero gaps and prediction of all telomeres and centromeres. Compared with the previous assembly (TSv1 version), the new assembly incorporates an additional 31.5 Mb of high-quality sequenced data with annotation of a total of 30 397 protein-coding genes. We also performed a meticulous analysis to identify nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat genes (NLRs) in Thompson Seedless and two wild grape varieties renowned for their disease resistance. Our analysis revealed a significant reduction in the number of two types of NLRs, TIR-NB-LRR (TNL) and CC-NB-LRR (CNL), in Thompson Seedless, which may have led to its sensitivity to many fungal diseases, such as powdery mildew, and an increase in the number of a third type, RPW8 (resistance to powdery mildew 8)-NB-LRR (RNL). Subsequently, transcriptome analysis showed significant enrichment of NLRs during powdery mildew infection, emphasizing the pivotal role of these elements in grapevine's defense against powdery mildew. The successful assembly of a high-quality Thompson Seedless reference genome significantly contributes to grape genomics research, providing insight into the importance of seedlessness, disease resistance, and color traits, and these data can be used to facilitate grape molecular breeding efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhang Wang
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Mingxing Tu
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Ya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Yali Zhang
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wuchen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Jinghao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Wei Zhan
- Xi'an Haorui Genomics Technology Co., Ltd, Xi'an 710116, China
| | - Yulin Fang
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Junyang Song
- College of Landscape Architecture and Arts, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Zhumei Xi
- College of Enology, College of Food Science and Engineering, Viti-Viniculture Engineering Technology Center of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Shaanxi Engineering Research Center for Viti-Viniculture, Heyang Viti-Viniculture Station, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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Zhang Z, Jiang C, Chen C, Su K, Lin H, Zhao Y, Guo Y. VvWRKY5 enhances white rot resistance in grape by promoting the jasmonic acid pathway. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad172. [PMID: 37841502 PMCID: PMC10569242 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Grape white rot is a disease caused by Coniella diplodiella (Speg.) Sacc. (Cd) can drastically reduce the production and quality of grape (Vitis vinifera). WRKY transcription factors play a vital role in the regulation of plant resistance to pathogens, but their functions in grape white rot need to be further explored. Here, we found that the expression of the WRKY IIe subfamily member VvWRKY5 was highly induced by Cd infection and jasmonic acid (JA) treatment. Transient injection and stable overexpression (in grape calli and Arabidopsis) demonstrated that VvWRKY5 positively regulated grape resistance to white rot. We also determined that VvWRKY5 regulated the JA response by directly binding to the promoters of VvJAZ2 (a JA signaling suppressor) and VvMYC2 (a JA signaling activator), thereby inhibiting and activating the transcription of VvJAZ2 and VvMYC2, respectively. Furthermore, the interaction between VvJAZ2 and VvWRKY5 enhanced the suppression and promotion of VvJAZ2 and VvMYC2 activities by VvWRKY5, respectively. When VvWRKY5 was overexpressed in grape, JA content was also increased. Overall, our results suggested that VvWRKY5 played a key role in regulating JA biosynthesis and signal transduction as well as enhancing white rot resistance in grape. Our results also provide theoretical guidance for the development of elite grape cultivars with enhanced pathogen resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Changyue Jiang
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Cui Chen
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Kai Su
- College of Horticulture Science and Technology, Hebei Normal University of Science and Technology, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Hong Lin
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Yuhui Zhao
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
| | - Yinshan Guo
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, 120 Dongling Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110866, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Northern Horticultural Facilities Design and Application Technology (Liaoning), Shenyang 110866, China
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20
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Su L, Zheng L, Wang H, Qu Y, Ge F, Liu D. Panax notoginseng transcription factor WRKY15 modulates resistance to Fusarium solani by up-regulating osmotin-like protein expression and inducing JA/SA signaling pathways. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:362. [PMID: 37460949 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04373-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Panax notoginseng (Burk) F. H. Chen is a valuable traditional Chinese medicinal plant, but its commercial production is seriously affected by root rot caused by some pathogenic fungi, including Fusarium solani. Nevertheless, the genetic breeding for disease resistance of P. notoginseng remains limited. The WRKY transcription factors have been revealed to play important roles in plant defense responses, which might provide an inspiration for resistance improvement in P. notoginseng. RESULTS In this study, the regulatory mechanism of transcription factor PnWRKY15 on P. notoginseng resistance to F. solani infection was revealed. The suppressed expression of PnWRKY15 via RNA interference increased the sensitivity of P. notoginseng to F. solani and decreased the expression levels of some defense-related genes, including PnOLP1, which encodes an osmotin-like protein that confers resistance to F. solani. Ectopic expression of PnWRKY15 in the model plant tobacco significantly enhanced the resistance to F. solani. Moreover, the transcriptome sequencing analysis discovered that some pathogenesis-related genes were expressed at higher levels in the PnWRKY15-overexpressing tobacco than that in the wild-type tobacco. In addition, the jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathways were evidently induced by PnWRKY15-overexpression, that was evidenced by that the JA and SA contents were significantly higher in the PnWRKY15-overexpressing tobacco than that in the wild-type. Furthermore, PnWRKY15, which was localized in the nucleus, can trans-activate and up-regulate PnOLP1 expression according to the EMSA, yeast one-hybrid and co-expression assays. CONCLUSIONS PnWRKY15 contributes to P. notoginseng resistance to F. solani by up-regulating the expression of resistance-related gene PnOLP1 and activating JA/SA signaling pathways. These findings will help to further elucidate the transcriptional regulatory mechanism associated with the P. notoginseng defense response to F. solani.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Su
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Lilei Zheng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Hanlin Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Yuan Qu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Feng Ge
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Diqiu Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
- Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China.
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21
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Liu W, Yan C, Li R, Chen G, Wang X, Wen Y, Zhang C, Wang X, Xu Y, Wang Y. VqMAPK3/VqMAPK6, VqWRKY33, and VqNSTS3 constitute a regulatory node in enhancing resistance to powdery mildew in grapevine. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2023; 10:uhad116. [PMID: 37786728 PMCID: PMC10541564 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhad116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine powdery mildew is caused by Erysiphe necator, which seriously harms grape production in the world. Stilbene synthase makes phytoalexins that contribute to the resistance of grapevine against powdery mildew. A novel VqNSTS3 was identified and cloned from Chinese wild Vitis quinquangularis accession Danfeng-2. The novel VqNSTS3 was transferred into susceptible 'Thompson Seedless' by Agrobacterium-mediated transformation. The transgenic plants showed resistance to the disease and activated other resistance-related genes. VqNSTS3 expression in grapevine is regulated by VqWRKY33, and which binds to TTGACC in the VqNSTS3 promoter. Furthermore, VqWRKY33 was phosphorylated by VqMAPK3/VqMAPK6 and thus led to enhanced signal transduction and increased VqNSTS3 expression. ProVqNSTS3::VqNSTS3-GFP of transgenic VqNSTS3 in Arabidopsis thaliana was observed to move to and wrap the pathogen's haustoria and block invasion by Golovinomyces cichoracearum. These results demonstrate that stilbene accumulation of novel VqNSTS3 of the Chinese wild Vitis quinquangularis accession Danfeng-2 prevented pathogen invasion and enhanced resistance to powdery mildew. Therefore, VqNSTS3 can be used in generating powdery mildew-resistant grapevines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wandi Liu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chaohui Yan
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Ruimin Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Guanyu Chen
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xinqi Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yingqiang Wen
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Chaohong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiping Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yan Xu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yuejin Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Liu Q, Wang S, Wen J, Chen J, Sun Y, Dong S. Genome-wide identification and analysis of the WRKY gene family and low-temperature stress response in Prunus sibirica. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:358. [PMID: 37370033 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09469-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND WRKY transcription factors are a prominent gene family in plants, playing a crucial role in various biological processes including development, metabolism, defense, differentiation, and stress response. Although the WRKY gene family has been extensively studied and analysed in numerous plant species, research on Prunus sibirica's WRKY genes (PsWRKY) remains lacking. RESULTS This study analysed the basic physicochemical properties, phylogeny, gene structure, cis-acting elements, and Gene ontology (GO) annotation of PsWRKY gene family members using bioinformatics methods based on the whole-genome data of P. sibirica. In total, 55 WRKYs were identified in P. sibirica and were heterogeneously distributed on eight chromosomes. Based on the phylogenetic analysis, these WRKYs were classified into three major groups: Group I, Group II (II-a, II-b, II-c, II-d, II-e), and Group III. Members of different subfamilies have different cis-acting elements, conserved motifs, and intron-exon structures, indicating functional heterogeneity of the WRKY family. Prediction of subcellular localisation indicated that PsWRKYs were mainly located in the nucleus. Twenty pairs of duplicated genes were identified, and segmental duplication events may play an important role in PsWRKY gene family expansion. Analysis of the Ka/Ks ratio showed that the PsWRKY family's homologous genes were primarily purified by selection. Additionally, GO annotation analysis showed that the WRKY gene family was mainly involved in responses to stimuli, immune system processes, and reproductive processes. Furthermore, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis showed that 23 PsWRKYs were highly expressed in one or more tissues (pistils and roots) and PsWRKYs showed specific expression patterns under different low-temperature stress conditions. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a scientific basis for the further exploration and functional validation of WRKYs in P. sibirica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quangang Liu
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shipeng Wang
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiaxing Wen
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yongqiang Sun
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shengjun Dong
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
- Key Laboratory for Silviculture of Liaoning Province, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China.
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23
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Ge X, Hetzer B, Tisch C, Kortekamp A, Nick P. Surface wax in the ancestral grapevine Vitis sylvestris correlate with partial resistance to Powdery Mildew. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:304. [PMID: 37286974 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04311-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Powdery Mildew of Grapevine belongs to the major diseases in viticulture and requires intensive use of fungicides. Genetic introgression of resistance factors from wild grapes from North America and, recently, China, has been successful, but wine made from those varieties is still confronted with low consumer acceptance, due to differences in taste. RESULTS The current work explores the potential of Vitis vinifera sylvestris, the wild ancestor of domesticated Grapevine, with respect to containing Erysiphe necator, the causative agent of Powdery Mildew. Making use of a germplasm collection comprising the entire genetic variability remaining in Germany, we show that there is considerable genetic variation in the formation of leaf surface waxes exceeding wax formation in commercial varieties. CONCLUSIONS High wax formation correlates with reduced susceptibility to controlled infection with E. necator linked with perturbations of appressoria formation. We propose V. vinifera sylvestris as novel source for resistance breeding since it is genetically much closer to domesticated grapevine than the hitherto used sources from beyond the species barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinshuang Ge
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg, 76131, Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Birgit Hetzer
- Max Rubner-Institut (MRI) - Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Christine Tisch
- DLR Rheinpfalz State Education and Research Center of Viticulture and Horticulture and Rural Development, Neustadt an der Weinstraße, Germany
| | - Andreas Kortekamp
- DLR Rheinpfalz State Education and Research Center of Viticulture and Horticulture and Rural Development, Neustadt an der Weinstraße, Germany
| | - Peter Nick
- Molecular Cell Biology, Botanical Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Fritz-Haber-Weg, 76131, Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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Li Y, Cui Y, Liu B, Xu R, Shi Y, Lv L, Wang H, Shang Y, Liang W, Ma F, Li C. γ-Aminobutyric acid plays a key role in alleviating Glomerella leaf spot in apples. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2023; 24:588-601. [PMID: 36932866 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The fungal disease Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) seriously impacts apple production. As a nonprotein amino acid, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is widely involved in biotic and abiotic stresses. However, it is not clear whether GABA is involved in a plant's response to GLS, nor is its molecular mechanism understood. Here, we found that exogenous GABA could significantly alleviate GLS, reduce lesion lengths, and increase antioxidant capacity. MdGAD1 was identified as a possible key gene for GABA synthesis in apple. Further analysis indicated that MdGAD1 promoted antioxidant capacity to improve apple GLS resistance in transgenic apple calli and leaves. Yeast one-hybrid analysis identified the transcription factor MdWRKY33 upstream of MdGAD1. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay, β-glucuronidase activity, and luciferase activity further supported that MdWRKY33 bound directly to the promoter of MdGAD1. The content of GABA and the transcription level of MdGAD1 in the MdWRKY33 transgenic calli were higher than that of the wild type. When MdWRKY33 transgenic calli and leaves were inoculated with GLS, MdWKRY33 positively regulated resistance to GLS. These results explained the positive regulatory effects of GABA on apple GLS and provided insight into the metabolic regulatory network of GABA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yinglian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Boyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Ruixuan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yanjiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Lingling Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Hongtao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Yueming Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Wei Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Cuiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
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Ma H, Zou F, Li D, Wan Y, Zhang Y, Zhao Z, Wang X, Gao H. Transcription Factor MdbHLH093 Enhances Powdery Mildew Resistance by Promoting Salicylic Acid Signaling and Hydrogen Peroxide Accumulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119390. [PMID: 37298341 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Powdery mildew is an apple disease caused by the obligate trophic fungus Podosphaera leucotricha. Basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factors play important roles in plant development and stress responses, and they have been widely studied in model plants such as Arabidopsis thaliana. However, their role in the stress response of perennial fruit trees remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of MdbHLH093 in the powdery mildew of apples. The expression of MdbHLH093 was significantly induced during the infection of apples with powdery mildew, and the allogenic overexpression of MdbHLH093 in A. thaliana enhanced the resistance to powdery mildew by increasing the accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and activating the salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway. The transient overexpression of MdbHLH093 in apple leaves increased the resistance to powdery mildew. Conversely, when MdbHLH093 expression was silenced, the sensitivity of apple leaves to powdery mildew was increased. The physical interaction between MdbHLH093 and MdMYB116 was demonstrated by yeast two-hybrid, bi-molecular fluorescence complementation, and split luciferase experiments. Collectively, these results indicate that MdbHLH093 interacts with MdMYB116 to improve apple resistance to powdery mildew by increasing the accumulation of H2O2 and activating the SA signaling pathway, as well as by providing a new candidate gene for resistance molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Fuyan Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Dongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Ye Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Yiping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Zhengyang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Xiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
| | - Hua Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China
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26
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Li Y, Ma X, Xiao LD, Yu YN, Yan HL, Gong ZH. CaWRKY50 Acts as a Negative Regulator in Response to Colletotrichum scovillei Infection in Pepper. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1962. [PMID: 37653879 PMCID: PMC10221478 DOI: 10.3390/plants12101962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Chili anthracnose is one of the most common and destructive fungal pathogens that affects the yield and quality of pepper. Although WRKY proteins play crucial roles in pepper resistance to a variety of pathogens, the mechanism of their resistance to anthracnose is still unknown. In this study, we found that CaWRKY50 expression was obviously induced by Colletotrichum scovillei infection and salicylic acid (SA) treatments. CaWRKY50-silencing enhanced pepper resistance to C. scovillei, while transient overexpression of CaWRKY50 in pepper increased susceptibility to C. scovillei. We further found that overexpression of CaWRKY50 in tomatoes significantly decreased resistance to C. scovillei by SA and reactive oxygen species (ROS) signaling pathways. Moreover, CaWRKY50 suppressed the expression of two SA-related genes, CaEDS1 (enhanced disease susceptibility 1) and CaSAMT1 (salicylate carboxymethyltransferase 1), by directly binding to the W-box motif in their promoters. Additionally, we demonstrated that CaWRKY50 interacts with CaWRKY42 and CaMIEL1 in the nucleus. Thus, our findings revealed that CaWRKY50 plays a negative role in pepper resistance to C. scovillei through the SA-mediated signaling pathway and the antioxidant defense system. These results provide a theoretical foundation for molecular breeding of pepper varieties resistant to anthracnose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.L.); (X.M.); (Y.-N.Y.)
| | - Xiao Ma
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.L.); (X.M.); (Y.-N.Y.)
| | - Luo-Dan Xiao
- Yibin Research Institute of Tea Industry, Yibin 644000, China;
| | - Ya-Nan Yu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.L.); (X.M.); (Y.-N.Y.)
| | - Hui-Ling Yan
- Institute of Cash Crops, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Zhen-Hui Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (Y.L.); (X.M.); (Y.-N.Y.)
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Liu W, Wang X, Song L, Yao W, Guo M, Cheng G, Guo J, Bai S, Gao Y, Li J, Kang Z. Comparative Transcriptome and Widely Targeted Metabolome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Powdery Mildew Resistance in Tomato. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098236. [PMID: 37175940 PMCID: PMC10178879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Powdery mildew is a serious problem in tomato production; therefore, the PM-resistant tomato inbred line, '63187', and the susceptible tomato variety, 'Moneymaker (MM)', were used as experimental materials for the combined analysis of transcriptome and widely targeted metabolome on tomato leaves at 0 h post inoculation (hpi), 12 hpi, and 48 hpi. The results indicated that 276 genes were expressed in all treatments, and the K-means cluster analysis showed that these genes were divided into eight classes in '63187' and ten classes in 'MM'. KEGG enrichment showed that amino acid metabolism, signal transduction, energy metabolism, and other secondary metabolites biosynthesis pathways were significantly enriched. Interestingly, the analysis of WRKY family transcription factors (TFs) showed that the expression of four TFs in '63187' increased with no obvious change in 'MM'; and the expression of one TF in 'MM' increased with no obvious change in '63187'. The combined analysis revealed that both phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and flavonoid biosynthesis pathways were enriched in '63187' and 'MM'. In '63187', six metabolites involved in this pathway were downregulated, and four genes were highly expressed, while in 'MM', three metabolites were upregulated, four metabolites were downregulated, and ten genes were highly expressed. These metabolites and genes might be candidates for PM resistance or susceptibility in subsequent studies. These results provide favorable molecular information for the study of the different resistances of tomatoes to PM, and they provide a basis for the breeding of tomato varieties resistant to PM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjuan Liu
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Xiaomin Wang
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Ningxia Modern Facility Horticulture Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Lina Song
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Wenkong Yao
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Ningxia Modern Facility Horticulture Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Meng Guo
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Ningxia Modern Facility Horticulture Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Guoxin Cheng
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Ningxia Modern Facility Horticulture Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jia Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
| | - Shengyi Bai
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Yanming Gao
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Ningxia Modern Facility Horticulture Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Jianshe Li
- College of Enology and Horticulture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Ningxia Modern Facility Horticulture Engineering Technology Research Center, Yinchuan 750021, China
- Key Laboratory of Modern Molecular Breeding for Dominant and Special Crops in Ningxia, Yinchuan 750021, China
| | - Zhensheng Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China
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D’Errico C, Forgia M, Pisani M, Pavan S, Noris E, Matić S. Overexpression of the C4 protein of tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus increases tomato resistance to powdery mildew. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1163315. [PMID: 37063219 PMCID: PMC10102596 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1163315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew (PM) is one of the most important diseases of greenhouse and field-grown tomatoes. Viruses can intervene beneficially on plant performance in coping with biotic and abiotic stresses. Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinia virus (TYLCSV) has been reported recently to induce tolerance against drought stress in tomato, and its C4 protein acts as the main causal factor of tolerance. However, its role in response to biotic stresses is still unknown. In this study, transgenic tomato plants carrying the TYLCSV C4 protein were exposed to biotic stress following the inoculation with Oidium neolycopersici, the causal agent of tomato PM. Phytopathological, anatomic, molecular, and physiological parameters were evaluated in this plant pathosystem. Heterologous TYLCSV C4 expression increased the tolerance of transgenic tomato plants to PM, not only reducing symptom occurrence, but also counteracting conidia adhesion and secondary hyphae elongation. Pathogenesis-related gene expression and salicylic acid production were found to be higher in tomato transgenic plants able to cope with PM compared to infected wild-type tomato plants. Our study contributes to unraveling the mechanism leading to PM tolerance in TYLCSV C4-expressing tomato plants. In a larger context, the findings of TYLCSV C4 as a novel PM defense inducer could have important implications in deepening the mechanisms regulating the management of this kind of protein to both biotic and abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara D’Errico
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, Turin, Italy
- European Laboratory for Non-Linear Spectroscopy, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Marco Forgia
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Pisani
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica, Applied Metrology and Engineering Division, Torino, Italy
| | - Stefano Pavan
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Emanuela Noris
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, Turin, Italy
| | - Slavica Matić
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council, Turin, Italy
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29
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Dai WS, Peng T, Wang M, Liu JH. Genome-wide identification and comparative expression profiling of the WRKY transcription factor family in two Citrus species with different Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus susceptibility. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:159. [PMID: 36959536 PMCID: PMC10037894 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salicylic Acid (SA) is a pivotal phytohormone in plant innate immunity enhancement of triggered by various pathogens, such as Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), the causal agent of Huanglongbing (HLB). WRKY is a plant specific transcription factor (TF) family, which plays crucial roles in plant response to biotic stresses. So far, the evolutionary history, functions, and expression patterns under SA treatment and CLas infection of WRKY family are poorly understood in Citrus, despite the release of the genome of several Citrus species. A comprehensive genomic and expressional analysis is worth to conduct for this family. RESULTS Here, a genome-wide identification of WRKY TFs was performed in two Citrus species: Citrus sinensis (HLB-sensitive) and Poncirus trifoliata (HLB-tolerant). In total, 52 CsWRKYs and 51 PtrWRKYs were identified, whose physical and chemical properties, chromosome locations, phylogenetic relationships and structural characteristics were comparatively analyzed. Especially, expression patterns of these WRKY genes before and after SA treatment and CLas infection were compared. Based on this result, seven pairs of orthologous WRKY genes showing opposite expression patterns in two Citrus species were screened out. Moreover, two pairs of orthologous WRKY genes with significant differences in the number or type of stress-responsive cis-elements in the promoter regions were discovered. Subcellular localization and transcriptional activation activity assays revealed that these two pairs of orthologous genes are classic WRKY TFs localize in the nucleus and could function as transcriptional activators. CONCLUSION In this study, we systematically analyzed the genomic characterization of WRKY family in two Citrus species, together with the analyses of expression patterns under SA signaling and CLas infection. Our study laid a foundation for further study on the function of WRKY TFs in HLB response and SA signaling of Citrus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Shan Dai
- College of Life Sciences, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Ting Peng
- College of Life Sciences, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China
| | - Min Wang
- College of Life Sciences, National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi, 341000, China.
| | - Ji-Hong Liu
- College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, National Key Laboratory for Germplasm Innovation & Utilization of Horticultural Crops, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China
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30
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Wei C, Wu Y, Ma Z, Cheng Y, Guan Y, Zhang Y, Feng Y, Li X, Guan J. Time-Series Transcriptome Analysis Reveals the Molecular Mechanism of Ethylene Reducing Cold Sensitivity of Postharvest ‘Huangguan’ Pear. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065326. [PMID: 36982404 PMCID: PMC10049683 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
‘Huangguan’ pear (Pyrus bretschneideri Rehd) fruit is susceptible to cold, characterized by developing peel browning spots (PBS) during cold storage. Additionally, ethylene pretreatment reduces chilling injury (CI) and inhibits PBS occurrence, but the mechanism of CI remains unclear. Here, we deciphered the dynamic transcriptional changes during the PBS occurrence with and without ethylene pretreatment via time-series transcriptome. We found that ethylene suppressed the cold-signaling gene expression, thereby decreasing the cold sensitivity of the ‘Huangguan’ fruit. Moreover, the “Yellow” module closely correlated with PBS occurrence was identified via weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and this module was related to plant defense via Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis. Local motif enrichment analysis suggested that the “Yellow” module genes were regulated by ERF and WRKY transcription factors. Functional studies demonstrated that PbWRKY31 has a conserved WRKY domain, lacks transactivation activity, and localizes in the nucleus. PbWRKY31-overexpressed Arabidopsis were hypersensitive to cold, with higher expression levels of cold signaling and defense genes, suggesting that PbWRKY31 participates in regulating plant cold sensitivity. Collectively, our findings provide a comprehensive transcriptional overview of PBS occurrence and elucidate the molecular mechanism by which ethylene reduces the cold sensitivity of ‘Huangguan’ fruit as well as the potential role of PbWRKY31 in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangqi Wei
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Yanyan Wu
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Zhenyu Ma
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Yudou Cheng
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Yeqing Guan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Yunxiao Feng
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Xueling Li
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
| | - Junfeng Guan
- Institute of Biotechnology and Food Science, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Plant Genetic Engineering Center of Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang 050051, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0311-8765-2132
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31
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Wang Y, Wang X, Fang J, Yin W, Yan X, Tu M, Liu H, Zhang Z, Li Z, Gao M, Lu H, Wang Y, Wang X. VqWRKY56 interacts with VqbZIPC22 in grapevine to promote proanthocyanidin biosynthesis and increase resistance to powdery mildew. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 237:1856-1875. [PMID: 36527243 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew (PM) is a severe fungal disease of cultivated grapevine world-wide. Proanthocyanidins (PAs) play an important role in resistance to fungal pathogens; however, little is known about PA-mediated PM resistance in grapevine. We identified a WRKY transcription factor, VqWRKY56, from Vitis quinquangularis, the expression of which was significantly induced by PM. Overexpression (OE) of VqWRKY56 in Vitis vinifera increased PA content and reduced susceptibility to PM. Furthermore, the transgenic plants showed more cell death and increased accumulation of salicylic acid and reactive oxygen species. Transient silencing of VqWRKY56 in V. quinquangularis and V. vinifera reduced PA accumulation and increased the susceptibility to PM. VqWRKY56 interacted with VqbZIPC22 in vitro and in planta. The protein VqWRKY56 can bind to VvCHS3, VvLAR1, and VvANR promoters, and VqbZIPC22 can bind to VvANR promoter. Co-expression of VqWRKY56 and VqbZIPC22 significantly increased the transcript level of VvCHS3, VvLAR1, and VvANR genes. Finally, transient OE of VqbZIPC22 in V. vinifera promoted PA accumulation and improved resistance to PM, while transient silencing in V. quinquangularis had the opposite effect. Our study provides new insights into the mechanism of PA regulation by VqWRKY56 in grapevine and provides a basis for further metabolic engineering of PA biosynthesis to improve PM resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xianhang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Jinghao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Wuchen Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Mingxing Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Hui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhengda Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Min Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Hua Lu
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD, 21250, USA
| | - Yuejin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Xiping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
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Hou Y, Wong DCJ, Li Q, Zhou H, Zhu Z, Gong L, Liang J, Ren H, Liang Z, Wang Q, Xin H. Dissecting the effect of ethylene in the transcriptional regulation of chilling treatment in grapevine leaves. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 196:1084-1097. [PMID: 36921558 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene (ETH) plays important roles in various development programs and stress responses in plants. In grapevines, ETH increased dramatically under chilling stress and is known to positively regulate cold tolerance. However, the role of ETH in transcriptional regulation during chilling stress of grapevine leaves is still not clear. To address this gap, targeted hormone profiling and transcriptomic analysis were performed on leaves of Vitis amurensis under chilling stress with and without aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG, a inhibitor of ETH synthesis) treatment. APETALA2/ETHYLENE RESPONSIVE FACTOR (AP2/ERF) and WRKY transcription factors (TF) were only the two highly enriched TF families that were consistently up-regulated during chilling stress but inhibited by AVG. The comparison of leaf transcriptomes between chilling treatment and chilling with AVG allowed the identification of potential ETH-regulated genes. Potential genes that are positively regulated by ETH are enriched in solute transport, protein biosynthesis, phytohormone action, antioxidant and carbohydrate metabolism. Conversely, genes related to the synthesis and signaling of ETH, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), abscisic acid (ABA) were up-regulated by chilling treatment but inhibited by AVG. The contents of ETH, ABA and IAA also paralleled with the transcriptome data, which suggests that the response of ABA and IAA during chilling stress may regulate by ETH signaling, and together may belong to an integrated network of hormonal signaling pathways underpinning chilling stress response in grapevine leaves. Together, these findings provide new clues for further studying the complex regulatory mechanism of ETH under low-temperature stress in plants more generally and new opportunities for breeding cold-resilient grapevines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture/Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Darren C J Wong
- Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, Australian National University, Acton, ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - Qingyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture/Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Huimin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture/Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhenfei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture/Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Linzhong Gong
- Institute of Fruit and Tea, Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan, 430064, China
| | - Ju Liang
- Turpan Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinjiang, 830091, China
| | - Hongsong Ren
- Turpan Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Xinjiang, 830091, China
| | - Zhenchang Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Science and Enology, And CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100093, China
| | - Qingfeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture/Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Haiping Xin
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture/Center of Economic Botany, Core Botanical Gardens/Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
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Li Y, Yan Y, Fu H, Jin S, He S, Wang Z, Dong G, Li B, Guo S. Does diet or macronutrients intake drive the structure and function of gut microbiota? Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1126189. [PMID: 36860485 PMCID: PMC9970161 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1126189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Shift of ingestive behavior is an important strategy for animals to adapt to change of the environment. We knew that shifts in animal dietary habits lead to changes in the structure of the gut microbiota, but we are not sure about if changes in the composition and function of the gut microbiota respond to changes in the nutrient intake or food items. To investigate how animal feeding strategies affect nutrient intakes and thus alter the composition and digestion function of gut microbiota, we selected a group of wild primate group for the study. We quantified their diet and macronutrients intake in four seasons of a year, and instant fecal samples were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and metagenomics. These results demonstrated that the main reason that causes seasonal shifts of gut microbiota is the macronutrient variation induced by seasonal dietary differences. Gut microbes can help to compensate for insufficient macronutrients intake of the host through microbial metabolic functions. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the causes of seasonal variation in host-microbial variation in wild primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yujie Yan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hengguang Fu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shiyu Jin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shujun He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guixin Dong
- Guangdong Chimelong Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China,Guangdong South China Rare Wild Animal Species Conservation Center, Zhuhai, China
| | - Baoguo Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi’an, China
| | - Songtao Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China,*Correspondence: Songtao Guo,
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Xu W, Xu X, Han R, Wang X, Wang K, Qi G, Ma P, Komatsuda T, Liu C. Integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis reveals that flavonoids function in wheat resistance to powdery mildew. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1125194. [PMID: 36818890 PMCID: PMC9929363 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1125194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Powdery mildew is a fungal disease devastating to wheat, causing significant quality and yield loss. Flavonoids are important secondary plant metabolites that confer resistance to biotic and abiotic stress. However, whether they play a role in powdery mildew resistance in wheat has yet to be explored. In the present study, we combined transcriptome and metabolome analyses to compare differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and differentially accumulated flavonoids identified in plants with and without powdery mildew inoculation. Transcriptome analysis identified 4,329 DEGs in susceptible wheat cv. Jimai229, and 8,493 in resistant cv. HHG46. The DEGs were functionally enriched using Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, revealing the flavonoid synthesis pathway as the most significant in both cultivars. This was consistent with the upregulation of flavonoid synthesis pathway genes observed by quantitative PCR. Metabolome analysis indicated flavone and flavonol biosynthesis pathways as the most significantly enriched following powdery mildew inoculation. An accumulation of total flavonoids content was also found to be induced by powdery mildew infection. Exogenous flavonoids treatment of inoculated plants led to less severe infection, with fewer and smaller powdery mildew spots on the wheat leaves. This reduction is speculated to be regulated through malondialdehyde content and the activities of peroxidase and catalase. Our study provides a fundamental theory for further exploration of the potential of flavonoids as biological prevention and control agents against powdery mildew in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Xu
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the North Huang and Huai River Valley of Ministry of Agriculture, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyi Xu
- School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Ran Han
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the North Huang and Huai River Valley of Ministry of Agriculture, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaolu Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the North Huang and Huai River Valley of Ministry of Agriculture, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the North Huang and Huai River Valley of Ministry of Agriculture, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guang Qi
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the North Huang and Huai River Valley of Ministry of Agriculture, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Pengtao Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai, Shandong, China
| | - Takao Komatsuda
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the North Huang and Huai River Valley of Ministry of Agriculture, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Improvement in the North Huang and Huai River Valley of Ministry of Agriculture, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Wheat Technology Innovation Center, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Yan C, Yang N, Li R, Wang X, Xu Y, Zhang C, Wang X, Wang Y. Alfin-like transcription factor VqAL4 regulates a stilbene synthase to enhance powdery mildew resistance in grapevine. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2023; 24:123-141. [PMID: 36404575 PMCID: PMC9831286 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a phytoalexin that is synthesized by stilbene synthase (STS). Resveratrol in the human diet is known to have beneficial effects on health. We previously identified six novel STS (VqNSTS) transcripts from the transcriptome data of Vitis quinquangularis accession Danfeng-2. However, the functions of and defensive mechanisms triggered by these VqNSTS transcripts remain unknown. In the present study, we demonstrate that the expression of five of these six novel members, VqNSTS2-VqNSTS6, can be induced by the powdery mildew-causing fungus Uncinula necator. Additionally, overexpression of VqNSTS4 in the V. vinifera susceptible cultivar Thompson Seedless promoted accumulation of stilbenes and enhanced resistance to U. necator by activating salicylic acid (SA) signalling. Furthermore, our results indicate that the Alfin-like (AL) transcription factor VqAL4 can directly bind to the G-rich element (CACCTC) in the VqNSTS4 promoter and activate gene expression. Moreover, overexpression of VqAL4 in Thompson Seedless enhanced resistance to U. necator by promoting stilbene accumulation and activating SA signalling. Conversely, RNA interference-mediated silencing of VqNSTS4 and VqAL4 resulted in increased susceptibility to U. necator. Collectively, our results reveal that VqNSTS4, regulated by VqAL4, enhances grapevine resistance to powdery mildew by activating SA signalling. Our findings may be useful to improve disease resistance in perennial fruit trees.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaohui Yan
- College of HorticultureNorthwest A & F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid AreasNorthwest A & F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Na Yang
- College of HorticultureNorthwest A & F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid AreasNorthwest A & F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Ruimin Li
- College of HorticultureNorthwest A & F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid AreasNorthwest A & F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Xinqi Wang
- College of HorticultureNorthwest A & F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid AreasNorthwest A & F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Yan Xu
- College of HorticultureNorthwest A & F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid AreasNorthwest A & F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Chaohong Zhang
- College of HorticultureNorthwest A & F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid AreasNorthwest A & F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Xiping Wang
- College of HorticultureNorthwest A & F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid AreasNorthwest A & F UniversityYanglingChina
| | - Yuejin Wang
- College of HorticultureNorthwest A & F UniversityYanglingChina
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology and Germplasm Innovation in Northwest China, Ministry of AgricultureYanglingChina
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid AreasNorthwest A & F UniversityYanglingChina
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Ciubotaru RM, Franceschi P, Vezzulli S, Zulini L, Stefanini M, Oberhuber M, Robatscher P, Chitarrini G, Vrhovsek U. Secondary and primary metabolites reveal putative resistance-associated biomarkers against Erysiphe necator in resistant grapevine genotypes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1112157. [PMID: 36798701 PMCID: PMC9927228 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1112157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Numerous fungicide applications are required to control Erysiphe necator, the causative agent of powdery mildew. This increased demand for cultivars with strong and long-lasting field resistance to diseases and pests. In comparison to the susceptible cultivar 'Teroldego', the current study provides information on some promising disease-resistant varieties (mono-locus) carrying one E. necator-resistant locus: BC4 and 'Kishmish vatkana', as well as resistant genotypes carrying several E. necator resistant loci (pyramided): 'Bianca', F26P92, F13P71, and NY42. A clear picture of the metabolites' alterations in response to the pathogen is shown by profiling the main and secondary metabolism: primary compounds and lipids; volatile organic compounds and phenolic compounds at 0, 12, and 48 hours after pathogen inoculation. We identified several compounds whose metabolic modulation indicated that resistant plants initiate defense upon pathogen inoculation, which, while similar to the susceptible genotype in some cases, did not imply that the plants were not resistant, but rather that their resistance was modulated at different percentages of metabolite accumulation and with different effect sizes. As a result, we discovered ten up-accumulated metabolites that distinguished resistant from susceptible varieties in response to powdery mildew inoculation, three of which have already been proposed as resistance biomarkers due to their role in activating the plant defense response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramona Mihaela Ciubotaru
- Department of Agri-Food, Environmental and Animal Sciences, University of Udine, Udine, Italy
- Food Quality and Nutrition Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Pietro Franceschi
- Unit of Computational Biology, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michelle All'Adige, Italy
| | - Silvia Vezzulli
- Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michelle All'Adige, Italy
| | - Luca Zulini
- Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michelle All'Adige, Italy
| | - Marco Stefanini
- Genomics and Biology of Fruit Crops Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michelle All'Adige, Italy
| | - Michael Oberhuber
- Laboratory for Flavours and Metabolites, Laimburg Research Centre, Auer (Ora), Italy
| | - Peter Robatscher
- Laboratory for Flavours and Metabolites, Laimburg Research Centre, Auer (Ora), Italy
| | - Giulia Chitarrini
- Food Quality and Nutrition Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
- Laboratory for Flavours and Metabolites, Laimburg Research Centre, Auer (Ora), Italy
| | - Urska Vrhovsek
- Food Quality and Nutrition Department, Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
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Chen W, Ye T, Sun Q, Niu T, Zhang J. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus alleviates anthracnose disease in tea seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 13:1058092. [PMID: 36726674 PMCID: PMC9886063 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1058092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Tea has been gaining increasing popularity all over the world in recent years, and its yield and quality depend on the growth and development of tea plants [Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze] in various environments. Nowadays, biotic stress and extreme weather, such as high temperature, drought, waterlogging, pests, and diseases, bring about much pressure on the production of tea with high quality. Wherein anthracnose, which is the most common and serious disease of tea plants, has earned more and more attention, as its control mainly relies on chemical pesticides. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF), forming symbiosis with most terrestrial plants, participate in plant resistance against the anthracnose disease, which was found by previous studies in a few herbaceous plants. However, there are a few studies about arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungal regulation of the resistance to the anthracnose pathogen in woody plants so far. In this paper, we investigated the effect of AMF on the development of anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum camelliae and tried to decipher the pertinent mechanism through transcriptome analysis. Results showed that inoculating AMF significantly reduced the damage of anthracnose on tea seedlings by reducing the lesion area by 35.29% compared to that of the control. The content of superoxide anion and activities of catalase and peroxidase significantly increased (P < 0.05) in mycorrhizal treatment in response to the pathogen with 1.23, 2.00, and 1.39 times higher, respectively, than those in the control. Pathways of plant hormone signal transduction, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling, and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis might play roles in this regulation according to the transcriptomic results. Further redundancy analysis (RDA) and partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) analysis found that plant hormones, such as auxin and ethylene, and the antioxidant system (especially peroxidase) were of great importance in the AM fungal alleviation of anthracnose. Our results preliminarily indicated the mechanisms of enhanced resistance in mycorrhizal tea seedlings to the anthracnose pathogen and provided a theoretical foundation for the application of AMF as one of the biological control methods in tea plantations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jiaxia Zhang
- Tea Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huangshan, China
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Lv J, Deng M, Jiang S, Zhu H, Li Z, Wang Z, Li J, Yang Z, Yue Y, Xu J, Zhao K. Mapping and functional characterization of the tomato spotted wilt virus resistance gene SlCHS3 in Solanum lycopersicum. MOLECULAR BREEDING : NEW STRATEGIES IN PLANT IMPROVEMENT 2022; 42:55. [PMID: 37313421 PMCID: PMC10248591 DOI: 10.1007/s11032-022-01325-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) poses a serious threat to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) production. In this study, tomato inbred line YNAU335 was developed without the Sw-5 locus, which confers resistance or immunity to TSWV (absence of infection). Genetic analysis demonstrated that immunity to TSWV was controlled by a dominant nuclear gene. The candidate genes were mapped into a 20-kb region in the terminal of the long arm of chromosome 9 using bulk segregant analysis and linkage analysis. In this candidate region, a chalcone synthase-encoding gene (SlCHS3) was identified as a strong candidate gene for TSWV resistance. Silencing SlCHS3 reduced flavonoid synthesis, and SlCHS3 overexpression increased flavonoid content. The increase in flavonoids improved TSWV resistance in tomato. These findings indicate that SlCHS3 is indeed involved in the regulation of flavonoid synthesis and plays a significant role in TSWV resistance of YNAU335. This could provide new insights and lay the foundation for analyzing TSWV resistance mechanisms. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-022-01325-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junheng Lv
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Minghua Deng
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Shurui Jiang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Haishan Zhu
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Zuosen Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Ziran Wang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Jing Li
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Zhengan Yang
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Yanling Yue
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Junqiang Xu
- Dian-Tai Engineering Research Center for Characteristic Agriculture Industrialization of Yunnan Province, YunnanAgricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
| | - Kai Zhao
- College of Horticulture and Landscape, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, 650201 China
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The Single-Stranded DNA-Binding Gene Whirly ( Why1) with a Strong Pathogen-Induced Promoter from Vitis pseudoreticulata Enhances Resistance to Phytophthora capsici. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23148052. [PMID: 35887401 PMCID: PMC9315732 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23148052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitis vinifera plants are disease-susceptible while Vitis pseudoreticulata plants are disease-resistant; however, the molecular mechanism remains unclear. In this study, the single-stranded DNA- and RNA-binding protein gene Whirly (VvWhy1 and VpWhy1) were cloned from V. vinifera "Cabernet Sauvignon" and V. pseudoreticulata "HD1". VvWhy1 and VpWhy1 promoter sequences (pVv and pVp) were also isolated; however, the identity of the promoter sequences was far lower than that between the Why1 coding sequences (CDSs). Both Why1 gene sequences had seven exons and six introns, and they had a C-terminal Whirly conserved domain and N-terminal chloroplast transit peptide, which was then verified to be chloroplast localization. Transcriptional expression showed that VpWhy1 was strongly induced by Plasmopara viticola, while VvWhy1 showed a low expression level. Further, the GUS activity indicated pVp had high activity involved in response to Phytophthora capsici infection. In addition, Nicotiana benthamiana transiently expressing pVp::VvWhy1 and pVp::VpWhy1 enhanced the P. capsici resistance. Moreover, Why1, PR1 and PR10 were upregulated in pVp transgenic N. benthamiana leaves. This research presented a novel insight into disease resistance mechanism that pVp promoted the transcription of Why1, which subsequently regulated the expression of PR1 and PR10, further enhancing the resistance to P. capsici.
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Javed T, Zhou JR, Li J, Hu ZT, Wang QN, Gao SJ. Identification and Expression Profiling of WRKY Family Genes in Sugarcane in Response to Bacterial Pathogen Infection and Nitrogen Implantation Dosage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:917953. [PMID: 35755708 PMCID: PMC9218642 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.917953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are essential players in different signaling cascades and regulatory networks involved in defense responses to various stressors. This study systematically analyzed and characterized WRKY family genes in the Saccharum spp. hybrid R570 and their expression in two sugarcane cultivars LCP85-384 (resistant to leaf scald) and ROC20 (susceptible to leaf scald) in response to bacterial pathogen infection and nitrogen implantation dosage. A total of 53 ShWRKY genes with 66 alleles were systematically identified in R570 based on the query sequence SsWRKY in S. spontaneum AP85-441. All ShRWKY alleles were further classified into four groups with 11 (16.7%) genes in group I, 36 (54.5%) genes in group II, 18 (27.3%) genes in group III, and 1 (1.5%) gene in group IV. Among them, 4 and 11 ShWRKY gene pairs displayed tandem and segmental duplication events, respectively. The ShWRKY genes exhibited conserved DNA-binding domains, which were accompanied by variations in introns, exons, and motifs. RT-qPCR analysis of two sugarcane cultivars triggered by Xanthomonas albilineans (Xa) revealed that four genes, ShWRKY13-2/39-1/49-3/125-3, exhibited significant upregulation in leaf scald-resistant LCP85-384. These WRKY genes were downregulated or unchanged in ROC20 at 24-72 h post-inoculation, suggesting that they play an important role in defense responses to Xa infection. Most of the 12 tested ShWRKYs, ShWRKY22-1/49-3/52-1 in particular, functioned as negative regulators in the two cultivars in response to a range of nitrogen (N) implantation doses. A total of 11 ShWRKY proteins were predicted to interact with each other. ShWRKY43 and ShWRKY49-3 are predicted to play core roles in the interaction network, as indicated by their interaction with six other ShWRKY proteins. Our results provide important candidate gene resources for the genetic improvement of sugarcane and lay the foundation for further functional characterization of ShWRKY genes in response to coupling effects of Xa infection and different N levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Talha Javed
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jing-Ru Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Juan Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Ting Hu
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qin-Nan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Institute of Nanfan & Seed Industry, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Qin-Nan Wang,
| | - San-Ji Gao
- National Engineering Research Center for Sugarcane, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: San-Ji Gao,
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