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Li J, Chen C, Zeng Z, Wu F, Feng J, Liu B, Mai Y, Chu X, Wei W, Li X, Liang Y, Liu Y, Xu J, Xia R. SapBase: A central portal for functional and comparative genomics of Sapindaceae species. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 66:1561-1570. [PMID: 38804840 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The Sapindaceae family, encompassing a wide range of plant forms such as herbs, vines, shrubs, and trees, is widely distributed across tropical and subtropical regions. This family includes economically important crops like litchi, longan, rambutan, and ackee. With the wide application of genomic technologies in recent years, several Sapindaceae plant genomes have been decoded, leading to an accumulation of substantial omics data in this field. This surge in data highlights the pressing need for a unified genomic data center capable of storing, sharing, and analyzing these data. Here, we introduced SapBase, that is, the Sapindaceae Genome Database. SapBase houses seven published plant genomes alongside their corresponding gene structure and functional annotations, small RNA annotations, gene expression profiles, gene pathways, and synteny block information. It offers user-friendly features for gene information mining, co-expression analysis, and inter-species comparative genomic analysis. Furthermore, we showcased SapBase's extensive capacities through a detailed bioinformatic analysis of a MYB gene in litchi. Thus, SapBase could serve as an integrative genomic resource and analysis platform for the scientific exploration of Sapinaceae species and their comparative studies with other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Chengjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Zaohai Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Fengqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Junting Feng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Bo Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yingxiao Mai
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xinyi Chu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Wanchun Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Xin Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Yanyang Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - YuanLong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Rui Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Horticulture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510640, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China at the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Agricultural University, College of Horticulture, Guangzhou, 510640, China
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Huang X, Liu H, Wu F, Wei W, Zeng Z, Xu J, Chen C, Hao Y, Xia R, Liu Y. Diversification of FT-like genes in the PEBP family contributes to the variation of flowering traits in Sapindaceae species. MOLECULAR HORTICULTURE 2024; 4:28. [PMID: 39010247 PMCID: PMC11251392 DOI: 10.1186/s43897-024-00104-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Many species of Sapindaceae, such as lychee, longan, and rambutan, provide nutritious and delicious fruit. Understanding the molecular genetic mechanisms that underlie the regulation of flowering is essential for securing flower and fruit productivity. Most endogenous and exogenous flowering cues are integrated into the florigen encoded by FLOWERING LOCUS T. However, the regulatory mechanisms of flowering remain poorly understood in Sapindaceae. Here, we identified 60 phosphatidylethanolamine-binding protein-coding genes from six Sapindaceae plants. Gene duplication events led to the emergence of two or more paralogs of the FT gene that have evolved antagonistic functions in Sapindaceae. Among them, the FT1-like genes are functionally conserved and promote flowering, while the FT2-like genes likely serve as repressors that delay flowering. Importantly, we show here that the natural variation at nucleotide position - 1437 of the lychee FT1 promoter determined the binding affinity of the SVP protein (LcSVP9), which was a negative regulator of flowering, resulting in the differential expression of LcFT1, which in turn affected flowering time in lychee. This finding provides a potential molecular marker for breeding lychee. Taken together, our results reveal some crucial aspects of FT gene family genetics that underlie the regulation of flowering in Sapindaceae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
- South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
- South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Hongsen Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
- South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
- South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Fengqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
- South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
- South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Wanchun Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
- South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
- South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zaohai Zeng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
- South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
- South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
- South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
- South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chengjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
- South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
- South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yanwei Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Rui Xia
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Yuanlong Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- South China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Biology and Germplasm Enhancement of Horticultural Crops in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affair, South China Agricultural University, Guangdong Guangzhou, 510642, China.
- College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Hubei Wuhan, 430070, China.
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Zhou X, Jiang L, Li P, Chen J, Chen Y, Yang Y, Zhang L, Ji Y, Xiao Z, Sheng K, Sheng X, Yao H, Liu Q, Li C. The Biosynthesis Pattern and Transcriptome Analysis of Sapindus saponaria Oil. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1781. [PMID: 38999621 PMCID: PMC11244568 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The Sapindus saponaria (soapberry) kernel is rich in oil that has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, promotes cell proliferation, cell migration, and stimulates skin wound-healing effects. S. saponaria oil has excellent lubricating properties and is a high-quality raw material for biodiesel and premium lubricants, showing great potential in industrial and medical applications. Metabolite and transcriptome analysis revealed patterns of oil accumulation and composition and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during seed development. Morphological observations of soapberry fruits at different developmental stages were conducted, and the oil content and fatty acid composition of the kernels were determined. Transcriptome sequencing was performed on kernels at 70, 100, and 130 days after flowering (DAF). The oil content of soapberry kernels was lowest at 60 DAF (5%) and peaked at 130 DAF (31%). Following soapberry fruit-ripening, the primary fatty acids in the kernels were C18:1 (oleic acid) and C18:3 (linolenic acid), accounting for an average proportion of 62% and 18%, respectively. The average contents of unsaturated fatty acids and saturated fatty acids in the kernel were 86% and 14%, respectively. Through the dynamic changes in fatty acid composition and DEGs analysis of soapberry kernels, FATA, KCR1, ECR, FAD2 and FAD3 were identified as candidate genes contributing to a high proportion of C18:1 and C18:3, while DGAT3 emerged as a key candidate gene for TAG biosynthesis. The combined analysis of transcriptome and metabolism unveiled the molecular mechanism of oil accumulation, leading to the creation of a metabolic pathway pattern diagram for oil biosynthesis in S. saponaria kernels. The study of soapberry fruit development, kernel oil accumulation, and the molecular mechanism of oil biosynthesis holds great significance in increasing oil yield and improving oil quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Zhou
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410018, China
| | - Lijuan Jiang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Peiwang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410018, China
| | - Jingzhen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410018, China
| | - Yunzhu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410018, China
| | - Yan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410018, China
| | - Luhong Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410018, China
| | - Yuena Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410018, China
| | - Zhihong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410018, China
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Utilization Science for Southern Woody Oilseed, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410018, China
| | - Kezhai Sheng
- Hunan Soapberry Agroforestry Development Co., Ltd., Changde 415325, China
| | | | - Hui Yao
- Shimen County Forestry Bureau, Changde 415300, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China
| | - Changzhu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Utilization of Woody Oil Resource, Hunan Academy of Forestry, Changsha 410018, China
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Ye L, Yang L, Wang B, Chen G, Jiang L, Hu Z, Shi Z, Liu Y, Chen S. The Chromosome-level genome of Aesculus wilsonii provides new insights into terpenoid biosynthesis and Aesculus evolution. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1022169. [PMID: 36388583 PMCID: PMC9642078 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1022169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Aesculus L. (buckeye and horse chestnut) are woody plant species with important horticultural and medicinal values. Aesculus seeds are widely used as biomedicine and cosmetic ingredients due to their saponins. We report a chromosomal-scale genome of Aesculus wilsonii. Sequences amounting to a total of 579.01 Mb were assembled into 20 chromosomes. More than half of the genome (54.46%) were annotated as repetitive sequences, and 46,914 protein-coding genes were predicted. In addition to the widespread gamma event with core eudicots, a unique whole-genome duplication (WGD) event (17.69 Mya) occurred in Aesculus after buckeye differentiated from longan. Due to WGD events and tandem duplications, the related synthetic genes of triterpene saponins unique to Aesculus increased significantly. Combined with transcriptome characterization, the study preliminarily resolved the biosynthetic pathway of triterpenoid saponins like aescin in A. wilsonii genome. Analyses of the resequencing of 104 buckeye accessions revealed clear relationship between the geographic distribution and genetic differentiation of buckeye trees in China. We found that the buckeye species found in southern Shaanxi is A. wilsonii rather than A. chinensis. Population dynamics analysis further suggests that the population size and evolution of existing buckeye species have been influenced by climate fluctuations during the Pleistocene and recent domestication events. The genome of A. wilsonii and population genomics of Aesculus provide a resource for future research on Hippocastanaceae. These findings will contribute to the utilization and diversity protection of Aesculus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichun Ye
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Lulu Yang
- Genomics Project Department, Wuhan Benagen Tech Solutions Company Limited, Wuhan, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Hubei Institute for Drug Control, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Chen
- Genomics Project Department, Wuhan Benagen Tech Solutions Company Limited, Wuhan, China
| | - Liping Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Hospital of Traditional and Western Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhigang Hu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaohua Shi
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Resource and Compound Prescription, Ministry of Education, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Yifei Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
| | - Shilin Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China
- Institute of herbgenomics, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Liu X, Gong X, Liu Y, Liu J, Zhang H, Qiao S, Li G, Tang M. Application of High-Throughput Sequencing on the Chinese Herbal Medicine for the Data-Mining of the Bioactive Compounds. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:900035. [PMID: 35909744 PMCID: PMC9331165 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.900035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM) has been used worldwide in clinic to treat the vast majority of human diseases, and the healing effect is remarkable. However, the functional components and the corresponding pharmacological mechanism of the herbs are unclear. As one of the main means, the high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technologies have been employed to discover and parse the active ingredients of CHM. Moreover, a tremendous amount of effort is made to uncover the pharmacodynamic genes associated with the synthesis of active substances. Here, based on the genome-assembly and the downstream bioinformatics analysis, we present a comprehensive summary of the application of HTS on CHM for the synthesis pathways of active ingredients from two aspects: active ingredient properties and disease classification, which are important for pharmacological, herb molecular breeding, and synthetic biology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xun Gong
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yi Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Junlin Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Hantao Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Sen Qiao
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Gang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Taian, China
- Gang Li,
| | - Min Tang
- School of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Min Tang,
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