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Yao Y, Nan L, Wang K, Xia J, Ma B, Cheng J. Integrative leaf anatomy structure, physiology, and metabolome analyses revealed the response to drought stress in sainfoin at the seedling stage. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2024; 35:1174-1185. [PMID: 38553821 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciaefolia) is a vital legume forage, and drought is the primary element impeding sainfoin growth. OBJECTIVE The anatomical structure, physiological indexes, and metabolites of the leaves of sainfoin seedlings with a drought-resistant line of P1 (DRL) and a drought-sensitive material of 2049 (DSM) were analyzed under drought (-1.0 MPa) with polyethylene glycol-6000 (PEG-6000). METHODS The leaf anatomy was studied by the paraffin section method. The related physiological indexes were measured by the hydroxylamine oxidation method, titanium sulfate colorimetric method, thiobarbituric acid method, acidic ninhydrin colorimetric method, and Coomassie brilliant blue method. The metabolomics analysis was composed of liquid chromatography tandem high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). RESULTS The results revealed that the thickness of the epidermis, palisade tissue, and sponge tissue of DRL were significantly greater than those of DSM. The leaves of DRL exhibited lower levels of superoxide anion (O2 •-) production rate, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content, and malondialdehyde (MDA) content compared with DSM, while proline (Pro) content and soluble protein (SP) content were significantly higher than those of DSM. A total of 391 differential metabolites were identified in two samples. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment showed that the primary differential metabolites were concentrated into the tyrosine metabolism; isoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis; ubiquinone and other terpenoid quinone biosynthesis; neomycin, kanamycin, and gentamicin biosynthesis; and anthocyanin biosynthesis metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION Compared with DSM, DRL had more complete anatomical structure, lower active oxygen content, and higher antioxidant level. The results improved our insights into the drought-resistant mechanisms in sainfoin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuheng Yao
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lili Nan
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jing Xia
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Biao Ma
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Jiao Cheng
- College of Grassland Science, Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem (Ministry of Education), Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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Yu G, Zhang B, Chen Q, Huang Z, Zhang B, Wang K, Han J. Dynamic DNA methylation modifications in the cold stress response of cassava. Genomics 2024; 116:110871. [PMID: 38806102 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2024.110871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Cassava, a crucial tropical crop, faces challenges from cold stress, necessitating an exploration of its molecular response. Here, we investigated the role of DNA methylation in moderating the response to moderate cold stress (10 °C) in cassava. Using whole-genome bisulfite sequencing, we examined DNA methylation patterns in leaf blades and petioles under control conditions, 5 h, and 48 h of cold stress. Tissue-specific responses were observed, with leaf blades exhibiting subtle changes, while petioles displayed a pronounced decrease in methylation levels under cold stress. We identified cold stress-induced differentially methylated regions (DMRs) that demonstrated both tissue and treatment specificity. Importantly, these DMRs were enriched in genes with altered expression, implying functional relevance. The cold-response transcription factor ERF105 associated with DMRs emerged as a significant and conserved regulator across tissues and treatments. Furthermore, we investigated DNA methylation dynamics in transposable elements, emphasizing the sensitivity of MITEs with bHLH binding motifs to cold stress. These findings provide insights into the epigenetic regulation of response to cold stress in cassava, contributing to an understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying stress adaptation in this tropical plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangrun Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; Xinglin College, Nantong University, Qidong 226236, China
| | - Baowang Zhang
- Qingdao Smart Rural Development Service Center, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China; Xinglin College, Nantong University, Qidong 226236, China
| | - Zequan Huang
- Xinglin College, Nantong University, Qidong 226236, China
| | - Baohong Zhang
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC 27858, USA
| | - Kai Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
| | - Jinlei Han
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
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Wang D, Zeng Y, Yang X, Nie S. Characterization of DREB family genes in Lotus japonicus and LjDREB2B overexpression increased drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:497. [PMID: 39075356 PMCID: PMC11285619 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05225-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/31/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought stress affects plant growth and development. DREB proteins play important roles in modulating plant growth, development, and stress responses, particularly under drought stress. To study the function of DREB transcription factors (TFs), we screened key DREB-regulating TFs for drought in Lotus japonicus. RESULTS Forty-two DREB TFs were identified, and phylogenetic analysis of proteins from L. japonicus classified them into five subfamilies (A1, A2, A4, A5, A6). The gene motif composition of the proteins is conserved within the same subfamily. Based on the cis-acting regulatory element analysis, we identified many growth-, hormone-, and stress-responsive elements within the promoter regions of DREB. We further analyzed the expression pattern of four genes in the A2 subfamily in response to drought stress. We found that the expression of most of the LjDREB A2 subfamily genes, especially LjDREB2B, was induced by drought stress. We further generated LjDREB2B overexpression transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Under drought stress, the growth of wild-type (WT) and overexpressing LjDREB2B (OE) Arabidopsis lines was inhibited; however, OE plants showed better growth. The malondialdehyde content of LjDREB2B overexpressing lines was lower than that of the WT plants, whereas the proline content and antioxidant enzyme activities in the OE lines were significantly higher than those in the WT plants. Furthermore, after drought stress, the expression levels of AtP5CS1, AtP5CS2, AtRD29A, and AtRD29B in the OE lines were significantly higher than those in the WT plants. CONCLUSIONS Our results facilitate further functional analysis of L. japonicus DREB. LjDREB2B overexpression improves drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. These results indicate that DREB holds great potential for the genetic improvement of drought tolerance in L. japonicus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, China
| | - Xiuxiu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, China
| | - Shuming Nie
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637009, China.
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Qin L, Tian D, Guo C, Wei L, He Z, Zhou W, Huang Q, Li B, Li C, Jiang M. Discovery of gene regulation mechanisms associated with uniconazole-induced cold tolerance in banana using integrated transcriptome and metabolome analysis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:342. [PMID: 38671368 PMCID: PMC11046889 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-05027-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gibberellic acid (GA) inhibitor, uniconazole, is a plant growth regulator commonly used in banana cultivation to promote dwarfing but also enhances the cold resistance in plants. However, the mechanism of this induced cold resistance remains unclear. RESULTS We confirmed that uniconazole induced cold tolerance in bananas and that the activities of Superoxide dismutase and Peroxidase were increased in the uniconazole-treated bananas under cold stress when compared with the control groups. The transcriptome and metabolome of bananas treated with or without uniconazole were analyzed at different time points under cold stress. Compared to the control group, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between adjacent time points in each uniconazole-treated group were enriched in plant-pathogen interactions, MAPK signaling pathway, and plant hormone signal transduction, which were closely related to stimulus-functional responses. Furthermore, the differentially abundant metabolites (DAMs) between adjacent time points were enriched in flavone and flavonol biosynthesis and linoleic acid metabolism pathways in the uniconazole-treated group than those in the control group. Temporal analysis of DEGs and DAMs in uniconazole-treated and control groups during cold stress showed that the different expression patterns in the two groups were enriched in the linoleic acid metabolism pathway. In addition to strengthening the antioxidant system and complex hormonal changes caused by GA inhibition, an enhanced linoleic acid metabolism can protect cell membrane stability, which may also be an important part of the cold resistance mechanism of uniconazole treatment in banana plants. CONCLUSIONS This study provides information for understanding the mechanisms underlying inducible cold resistance in banana, which will benefit the production of this economically important crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuyan Qin
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Dandan Tian
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Chenglin Guo
- Institute of Plant Protection, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China.
| | - Liping Wei
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Zhangfei He
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Quyan Huang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Baoshen Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Chaosheng Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Mengyun Jiang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
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Khan S, Alvi AF, Saify S, Iqbal N, Khan NA. The Ethylene Biosynthetic Enzymes, 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylate (ACC) Synthase (ACS) and ACC Oxidase (ACO): The Less Explored Players in Abiotic Stress Tolerance. Biomolecules 2024; 14:90. [PMID: 38254690 PMCID: PMC10813531 DOI: 10.3390/biom14010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Ethylene is an essential plant hormone, critical in various physiological processes. These processes include seed germination, leaf senescence, fruit ripening, and the plant's response to environmental stressors. Ethylene biosynthesis is tightly regulated by two key enzymes, namely 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase (ACS) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO). Initially, the prevailing hypothesis suggested that ACS is the limiting factor in the ethylene biosynthesis pathway. Nevertheless, accumulating evidence from various studies has demonstrated that ACO, under specific circumstances, acts as the rate-limiting enzyme in ethylene production. Under normal developmental processes, ACS and ACO collaborate to maintain balanced ethylene production, ensuring proper plant growth and physiology. However, under abiotic stress conditions, such as drought, salinity, extreme temperatures, or pathogen attack, the regulation of ethylene biosynthesis becomes critical for plants' survival. This review highlights the structural characteristics and examines the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational regulation of ACS and ACO and their role under abiotic stress conditions. Reviews on the role of ethylene signaling in abiotic stress adaptation are available. However, a review delineating the role of ACS and ACO in abiotic stress acclimation is unavailable. Exploring how particular ACS and ACO isoforms contribute to a specific plant's response to various abiotic stresses and understanding how they are regulated can guide the development of focused strategies. These strategies aim to enhance a plant's ability to cope with environmental challenges more effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheen Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Ameena Fatima Alvi
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Sadaf Saify
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (S.K.); (S.S.)
| | - Noushina Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Nafees A. Khan
- Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India; (S.K.); (S.S.)
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Zhang X, Yu J, Wang R, Liu W, Chen S, Wang Y, Yu Y, Qu G, Chen S. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Profiles of C-Repeat Binding Factor Transcription Factors in Betula platyphylla under Abiotic Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10573. [PMID: 37445753 PMCID: PMC10342014 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
CBF (C-repeat binding factor) transcription factor subfamily belongs to AP2/ERF (Apetala 2/ethylene-responsive factor) transcription factor family, known for playing a vital role in plant abiotic stress response. Although some CBF transcription factors have been identified in several species, such as Arabidopsis, tobacco, tomato and poplar, research of CBF focus mainly on model plant Arabidopsis and have not been reported in Betula platyphylla yet. In this study, a total of 20 BpCBF subfamily members were identified. The conserved domains, physicochemical properties, exon-intron gene structure and the structure of conserved protein motifs of BpCBFs were analyzed via bioinformatic tools. The collinearity analysis of CBF genes was performed between Betula platyphylla and Arabidopsis thaliana, Betula platyphylla, and Populus trichocarpa. The cis-acting elements in the promoter region of BpCBFs were identified, which were mainly environmental stress-related and hormone-related element components. In this case, the expression patterns of the 20 BpCBFs upon ABA or salt treatment were investigated. Most of these transcription factors were responsive to ABA or salt stress in different plant tissues. The up-regulation trend upon cold treatment of the six cold-responsive genes validated by qRT-PCR was consistent with the result of RNA-seq. BpCBF7 showed transcription activating activity. This study sheds light on the responses of BpCBFs to abiotic stress and provides a reference for further study of CBF transcription factors in woody plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guanzheng Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (R.W.); (W.L.); (S.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Su Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (X.Z.); (J.Y.); (R.W.); (W.L.); (S.C.); (Y.W.); (Y.Y.)
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Zhang Y, Xia P. The DREB transcription factor, a biomacromolecule, responds to abiotic stress by regulating the expression of stress-related genes. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125231. [PMID: 37301338 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stress is a crucial factor that affects plant survival and growth and even leads to plant death in severe cases. Transcription factors can enhance the ability of plants to fight against various stresses by controlling the expression of downstream genes. The dehydration response element binding protein (DREB) is the most extensive subfamily of AP2/ERF transcription factors involved in abiotic stress. However, insufficient research on the signal network of DREB transcription factors has limited plant growth and reproduction. Furthermore, field planting of DREB transcription factors and their roles under multiple stress also require extensive research. Previous reports on DREB transcription factors have focused on the regulation of DREB expression and its roles in plant abiotic stress. In recent years, there has been new progress in DREB transcription factors. Here, the structure and classification, evolution and regulation, role in abiotic stress, and application in crops of DREB transcription factors were reviewed. And this paper highlighted the evolution of DREB1/CBF, as well as the regulation of DREB transcription factors under the participation of plant hormone signals and the roles of subgroups in abiotic stress. In the future, it will lay a solid foundation for further study of DREB transcription factors and pave the way for the cultivation of resistant plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Pengguo Xia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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