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Aickareth J, Hawwar M, Sanchez N, Gnanasekaran R, Zhang J. Membrane Progesterone Receptors (mPRs/PAQRs) Are Going beyond Its Initial Definitions. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:membranes13030260. [PMID: 36984647 PMCID: PMC10056622 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13030260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Progesterone (PRG) is a key cyclical reproductive hormone that has a significant impact on female organs in vertebrates. It is mainly produced by the corpus luteum of the ovaries, but can also be generated from other sources such as the adrenal cortex, Leydig cells of the testes and neuronal and glial cells. PRG has wide-ranging physiological effects, including impacts on metabolic systems, central nervous systems and reproductive systems in both genders. It was first purified as an ovarian steroid with hormonal function for pregnancy, and is known to play a role in pro-gestational proliferation during pregnancy. The main function of PRG is exerted through its binding to progesterone receptors (nPRs, mPRs/PAQRs) to evoke cellular responses through genomic or non-genomic signaling cascades. Most of the existing research on PRG focuses on classic PRG-nPR-paired actions such as nuclear transcriptional factors, but new evidence suggests that PRG also exerts a wide range of PRG actions through non-classic membrane PRG receptors, which can be divided into two sub-classes: mPRs/PAQRs and PGRMCs. The review will concentrate on recently found non-classical membrane progesterone receptors (mainly mPRs/PAQRs) and speculate their connections, utilizing the present comprehension of progesterone receptors.
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Abou-Fadel J, Jiang X, Grajeda B, Padarti A, Ellis CC, Flores E, Cailing-De La O AMD, Zhang J. CCM signaling complex (CSC) couples both classic and non-classic Progesterone receptor signaling. Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:120. [PMID: 35971177 PMCID: PMC9377144 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00926-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer, the most diagnosed cancer, remains the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States, and excessive Progesterone (PRG) or Mifepristone (MIF) exposure may be at an increased risk for developing breast cancer. PRG exerts its cellular responses through signaling cascades involving classic, non-classic, or combined responses by binding to either classic nuclear PRG receptors (nPRs) or non-classic membrane PRG receptors (mPRs). Currently, the intricate balance and switch mechanisms between these two signaling cascades remain elusive. Three genes, CCM1-3, form the CCM signaling complex (CSC) which mediates multiple signaling cascades. METHODS Utilizing molecular, cellular, Omics, and systems biology approaches, we analyzed the relationship among the CSC, PRG, and nPRs/mPRs during breast cancer tumorigenesis. RESULTS We discovered that the CSC plays an essential role in coupling both classic and non-classic PRG signaling pathways by mediating crosstalk between them, forming the CmPn (CSC-mPRs-PRG-nPRs) signaling network. We found that mPR-specific PRG actions (PRG + MIF) play an essential role in this CmPn network during breast cancer tumorigenesis. Additionally, we have identified 4 categories of candidate biomarkers (9 intrinsic, 2 PRG-inducible, 1 PRG-repressive, 1 mPR-specific PRG-repressive, and 2 mPR-responsive) for Luminal-A breast cancers during tumorigenesis and have confirmed the prognostic application of RPL13 and RPL38 as intrinsic biomarkers using a dual validation method. CONCLUSIONS We have discovered that the CSC plays an essential role in the CmPn signaling network for Luminal-A breast cancers with identification of two intrinsic biomarkers. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnathan Abou-Fadel
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Xiaoting Jiang
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Brian Grajeda
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79902, USA
| | - Akhil Padarti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Cameron C Ellis
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79902, USA
| | - Esmeralda Flores
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Alyssa-Marie D Cailing-De La O
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine (MTM), Texas Tech University Health Science Center El Paso, 5001 El Paso Drive, El Paso, TX, 79905, USA.
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Lorigo M, Cairrao E. Fetoplacental vasculature as a model to study human cardiovascular endocrine disruption. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 87:101054. [PMID: 34839931 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Increasing evidence has associated the exposure of endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) with the cardiovascular (CV) system. This exposure is particularly problematic in a sensitive window of development, pregnancy. Pregnancy exposome can affect the overall health of the pregnancy by dramatic changes in vascular physiology and endocrine activity, increasing maternal susceptibility. Moreover, fetoplacental vascular function is generally altered, increasing the risk of developing pregnancy complications (including cardiovascular diseases, CVD) and predisposing the foetus to adverse health risks later in life. Thus, our review summarizes the existing literature on exposures to EDCs during pregnancy and adverse maternal health outcomes, focusing on the human placenta, vein, and umbilical artery associated with pregnancy complications. The purpose of this review is to highlight the role of fetoplacental vasculature as a model for the study of human cardiovascular endocrine disruption. Therefore, we emphasize that the placenta, together with the umbilical arteries and veins, allows a better characterization of the pregnant woman's exposome. Consequently, it contributes to the protection of the mother and foetus against CV disorders in life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarida Lorigo
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Elisa Cairrao
- CICS-UBI, Health Sciences Research Centre, University of Beira Interior, 6200-506, Covilhã, Portugal; FCS - UBI, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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Mansouri-Attia N, James R, Ligon A, Li X, Pangas SA. Soy promotes juvenile granulosa cell tumor development in mice and in the human granulosa cell tumor-derived COV434 cell line. Biol Reprod 2014; 91:100. [PMID: 25165122 PMCID: PMC4435027 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.114.120899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 05/15/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Soy attracts attention for its health benefits, such as lowering cholesterol or preventing breast and colon cancer. Soybeans contain isoflavones, which act as phytoestrogens. Even though isoflavones have beneficial health effects, a role for isoflavones in the initiation and progression of diseases including cancer is becoming increasingly recognized. While data from rodent studies suggest that neonatal exposure to genistein (the predominant isoflavone in soy) disrupts normal reproductive function, its role in ovarian cancers, particularly granulosa cell tumors (GCT), is largely unknown. Our study aimed to define the contribution of a soy diet in GCT development using a genetically modified mouse model for juvenile GCTs (JGCT; Smad1 Smad5 conditional double knockout mice) as well as a human JGCT cell line (COV434). While dietary soy cannot initiate JGCT development in mice, we show that it has dramatic effects on GCT growth and tumor progression compared to a soy-free diet. Loss of Smad1 and Smad5 alters estrogen receptor alpha (Esr1) expression in granulosa cells, perhaps sensitizing the cells to the effects of genistein. In addition, we found that genistein modulates estrogen receptor expression in the human JGCT cell line and positively promotes cell growth in part by suppressing caspase-dependent apoptosis. Combined, our work suggests that dietary soy consumption has deleterious effects on GCT development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca James
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Alysse Ligon
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Xiaohui Li
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
| | - Stephanie A Pangas
- Department of Pathology & Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas
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Sánchez-Más J, Turpín MC, Lax A, Ruipérez JA, Valdés Chávarri M, Pascual-Figal DA. Differential actions of eplerenone and spironolactone on the protective effect of testosterone against cardiomyocyte apoptosis in vitro. Rev Esp Cardiol 2010; 63:779-87. [PMID: 20609311 DOI: 10.1016/s1885-5857(10)70162-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES Testosterone deficiency is associated with a poor prognosis in patients with heart failure. It is not clear whether testosterone reduces cardiomyocyte apoptosis or whether the effect of spironolactone, an aldosterone receptor blocker with progestogenic and anti-androgen activity, differs from that of the selective aldosterone blocker eplerenone. METHODS Apoptosis induced by hyperosmotic stress in the embryonic rat heart cell line H9c2 was monitored by measuring cell viability, DNA fragmentation and caspase-3, -8 and -9 activation. The effect of testosterone was investigated in the presence or absence of spironolactone and eplerenone. RESULTS Exposure to sorbitol (0.6 M, 3 h) decreased cell viability and increased DNA fragmentation and caspase-3, -8 and -9 activation. These effects were all significantly reduced by testosterone, 100 nM (P< .01). Pretreatment with spironolactone, 10 .M, blocked the effects of testosterone, decreased cell viability (P< .01) and increased caspase activation (P< .01). In contrast, eplerenone, 10 .M, increased cell viability (P< .001) without altering the effect on caspase activation. These actions were not modified by the androgen receptor blocker flutamide. They were mediated by SAPK/JNK and ERK1/2 signaling pathways (P< .01). CONCLUSIONS Testosterone appears to have a protective effect against cardiomyocyte apoptosis which is antagonized by spironolactone but not by eplerenone. These effects await confirmation in in vivo models, but their presence could have clinical and therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Sánchez-Más
- Unidad de Insuficiencia Cardiaca, Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia, El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
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Efecto diferencial de espironolactona frente a eplerenona sobre el papel protector in vitro de testosterona en la apoptosis de cardiocitos. Rev Esp Cardiol 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0300-8932(10)70180-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Hazell GGJ, Yao ST, Roper JA, Prossnitz ER, O'Carroll AM, Lolait SJ. Localisation of GPR30, a novel G protein-coupled oestrogen receptor, suggests multiple functions in rodent brain and peripheral tissues. J Endocrinol 2009; 202:223-36. [PMID: 19420011 PMCID: PMC2710976 DOI: 10.1677/joe-09-0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 274] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the G protein-coupled receptor GPR30 has been identified as a novel oestrogen receptor (ER). The distribution of the receptor has been thus far mapped only in the rat central nervous system. This study was undertaken to map the distribution of GPR30 in the mouse brain and rodent peripheral tissues. Immunohistochemistry using an antibody against GPR30 revealed high levels of GPR30 immunoreactivity (ir) in the forebrain (e.g. cortex, hypothalamus and hippocampus), specific nuclei of the midbrain (e.g. the pontine nuclei and locus coeruleus) and the trigeminal nuclei and cerebellum Purkinje layer of the hindbrain in the adult mouse brain. In the rat and mouse periphery, GPR30-ir was detected in the anterior, intermediate and neural lobe of the pituitary, adrenal medulla, renal pelvis and ovary. In situ hybridisation histochemistry using GPR30 riboprobes, revealed intense hybridisation signal for GPR30 in the paraventricular nucleus and supraoptic nucleus (SON) of the hypothalamus, anterior and intermediate lobe of the pituitary, adrenal medulla, renal pelvis and ovary of both rat and mouse. Double immunofluorescence revealed GPR30 was present in both oxytocin and vasopressin neurones of the paraventricular nucleus and SON of the rat and mouse brain. The distribution of GPR30 is distinct from the other traditional ERs and offers an additional way in which oestrogen may mediate its effects in numerous brain regions and endocrine systems in the rodent.
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Kilic F, Kashikar ND, Schmidt R, Alvarez L, Dai L, Weyand I, Wiesner B, Goodwin N, Hagen V, Kaupp UB. Caged Progesterone: A New Tool for Studying Rapid Nongenomic Actions of Progesterone. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:4027-30. [DOI: 10.1021/ja808334f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Funda Kilic
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Neurowissenschaften and Biophysik 1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany, and Abteilung für Molekulare Neurosensorik, Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar) Bonn, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische and Theoretische Chemie, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nachiket D. Kashikar
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Neurowissenschaften and Biophysik 1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany, and Abteilung für Molekulare Neurosensorik, Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar) Bonn, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische and Theoretische Chemie, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Reinhard Schmidt
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Neurowissenschaften and Biophysik 1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany, and Abteilung für Molekulare Neurosensorik, Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar) Bonn, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische and Theoretische Chemie, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Luis Alvarez
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Neurowissenschaften and Biophysik 1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany, and Abteilung für Molekulare Neurosensorik, Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar) Bonn, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische and Theoretische Chemie, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Luru Dai
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Neurowissenschaften and Biophysik 1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany, and Abteilung für Molekulare Neurosensorik, Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar) Bonn, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische and Theoretische Chemie, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ingo Weyand
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Neurowissenschaften and Biophysik 1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany, and Abteilung für Molekulare Neurosensorik, Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar) Bonn, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische and Theoretische Chemie, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Burkhard Wiesner
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Neurowissenschaften and Biophysik 1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany, and Abteilung für Molekulare Neurosensorik, Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar) Bonn, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische and Theoretische Chemie, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Normann Goodwin
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Neurowissenschaften and Biophysik 1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany, and Abteilung für Molekulare Neurosensorik, Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar) Bonn, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische and Theoretische Chemie, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Volker Hagen
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Neurowissenschaften and Biophysik 1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany, and Abteilung für Molekulare Neurosensorik, Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar) Bonn, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische and Theoretische Chemie, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - U. Benjamin Kaupp
- Leibniz-Institut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, Institut für Neurowissenschaften and Biophysik 1, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany, and Abteilung für Molekulare Neurosensorik, Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar) Bonn, Germany, and Institut für Physikalische and Theoretische Chemie, Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany
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Younglai EV, Wu Y, Foster WG, Lobb DK, Price TM. Binding of progesterone to cell surfaces of human granulosa-lutein cells. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2006; 101:61-7. [PMID: 16905308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2006.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone is produced by granulosa cells under the influence of luteinizing hormone. Nuclear progesterone receptors have been found in rat granulosa cells. Human granulosa-lutein cells rapidly respond to progesterone with an increase in intracellular calcium suggesting the existence of a nongenomic mechanism. This study was conducted to determine whether binding of progesterone to granulosa cells could occur at the membrane. Granulosa cells were obtained from an in vitro fertilization program and examined immunohistochemically with an antiserum to membrane progesterone receptors. Approximately 14-70% of freshly harvested or cultured granulosa cells of six patients showed a positive reaction to the antiserum, limited to the cell membrane. Western blot analysis of homogenates of granulosa cells and a granulosa cell tumour confirmed the presence of progesterone receptors A, B and C and low amounts of a putative membrane receptor. These results demonstrate that the plasma membranes of human granulosa cells possess binding components for progesterone which may be involved in its nongenomic mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward V Younglai
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Reproductive Biology Division, McMaster University, Health Sciences Centre, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ont., Canada L8N 3Z5.
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Wu Y, Foster WG, Younglai EV. Rapid effects of pesticides on human granulosa-lutein cells. Reproduction 2006; 131:299-310. [PMID: 16452723 DOI: 10.1530/rep.1.00922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Following our previous demonstration that p,p'-DDE (dichlorodiphenylchloroethylene), at environmentally relevant concentrations, can rapidly increase intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i concentrations in human granulosa-lutein cells, we examined whether other pesticides, such as Kepone, o,p-DDE and methoxychlor, have similar effects. Cultured human granulosa-lutein cells were loaded with Fura-2 AM, and changes in [Ca2+]i concentrations within small areas of single cells were studied with a dynamic digital Ca2+ imaging system. Kepone, at concentrations of 0.2-2 nmol/ml, consistently increased [Ca2+]i concentrations 2-6 times higher than baseline values within minutes of exposure. Methoxychlor at concentrations of 2.8-280 nmol/ml failed to alter [Ca2+]i levels consistently in cells from 10 patients. However, at 0.28 and 1.4 nmol/ml, increases in [Ca2+]i concentrations could be elicited by methoxychlor. The isomer o,p-DDE at 3 nmol/ml increased [Ca2+]i in granulosa cells of 11/20 patients. Pertussis toxin treatment inhibited the [Ca2+]i increases induced by estradiol, p,p'-DDE, o,p-DDE and methoxychlor, but not by Kepone or progesterone, indicating that Kepone and progesterone may act through an insensitive G protein-coupled receptor. The [Ca2+]i increases induced by Kepone also occurred in Ca2+-free medium, suggesting that [Ca2+]i mobilization occurred from the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Thapsigargin and cyclopiazonic acid, two inhibitors of the endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ pump, also stimulated [Ca2+]i increases but did not inhibit the Ca2+ response to all the pesticides. These results demonstrate that pesticides can have a rapid effect on human granulosa-lutein cells, and a nongenomic mechanism of action is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjing Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Reproductive Biology Division, McMaster University, Health Sciences Centre, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8N 3Z5
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Younglai EV, Wu Y, Foster WG. Rapid action of pesticides on cytosolic calcium concentrations in cultures of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Reprod Toxicol 2005; 21:271-9. [PMID: 16243481 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2005.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2005] [Revised: 08/17/2005] [Accepted: 09/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Persistent metabolites of pesticides such as p,p'-DDE, at environmentally relevant concentrations, have been shown to have a rapid effect on intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i concentrations in human granulosa-lutein cells. Since endocrine disrupting substances can be transferred from the maternal circulation to the fetus the present study examined whether the pesticides, kepone, o,p-DDE, p,p'-DDE and methoxychlor, could alter cytoplasmic calcium [Ca2+]cyt concentrations in human umbilical vein endothelial (HUVE) cells. Cultured HUVE cells were loaded with Fura-2 AM and changes in [Ca2+]cyt of single cells were studied using a dynamic digital Ca2+ imaging system. Kepone and methoxychlor consistently increased [Ca2+]cyt concentrations, similar to the effects of estradiol and progesterone. p,p'-DDE increased [Ca2+]cyt concentrations in 80% of experiments whereas o,p-DDE stimulated its increases in 42%. Estrone, estriol, pregnenolone and cortisol were not effective. These results demonstrate that pesticides can have a rapid effect on HUVE cells probably through a nongenomic mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward V Younglai
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Reproductive Biology Division, McMaster University Medical Centre, 1200 Main Street West, Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, Ont., Canada L8N 3Z5.
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