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Kavoussi PK, Gupta C, Shah R. Varicocele and nonobstructive azoospermia. Asian J Androl 2024:00129336-990000000-00216. [PMID: 39104262 DOI: 10.4103/aja202444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Approximately 15% of men in the general population have varicoceles, and varicoceles are diagnosed in 40% of men presenting for fertility evaluations. One percent of men in the general population are azoospermic, and 15% of men presenting for fertility evaluations are diagnosed with azoospermia. This article aims to review the impact of varicoceles on testicular function in men with azoospermia, the impact of varicocele repair on the semen parameters of azoospermic men, and the impact of varicocele repair on sperm retrieval and pregnancy outcomes when the male partner remains azoospermic after varicocele repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz K Kavoussi
- Department of Reproductive Urology, Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, Austin, TX 78746, USA
| | - Chirag Gupta
- Department of Urology, Matratva Fertility and Andrology Clinic, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan 302017, India
| | - Rupin Shah
- Department of Urology/Andrology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400050, India
- Department of Urology/Andrology, Sir HN Reliance Foundation Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400004, India
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2
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Sigala J, Poirey S, Robert J, Pouget O, Mura T, Huberlant S, Rougier N. First-line infertility treatment in normal or subnormal sperm: Interest of a simplified pre-IMSI test. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307080. [PMID: 39008497 PMCID: PMC11249273 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the field of male infertility, when sperm is normal/subnormal, a few "add-on" routine tests can complete the basic semen examination. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a faster, simplified motile sperm organelle morphology examination (MSOME) technique for selected infertile patients with apparently normal/subnormal sperm and, in their background: failure of two or three intrauterine insemination (IUI) cycles, repeatedly fragmented embryos, embryonic development to blastocyst-stage failures, repeated miscarriages, a long period of infertility or 2 or more IVF attempts without pregnancy. Our test results were correlated with IUI, conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF), intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and intracytoplasmic morphologically selected sperm injection (IMSI) outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS We validated an adapted version of the MSOME analysis called the pre-IMSI test (PIT), based on vacuole evaluation alone. 248 infertile patients from our assisted reproductive technology (ART) Center were retrospectively selected and split into three PIT score subgroups (patients with ≤8% (score I), 9 to 15% (score II) and ≥16% normal spermatozoa (score III)) based on the correlation between PIT results and each ART technique outcome. The choice of one or another of these ART techniques had been made according to the usual clinico-biological criteria. RESULTS Clinical outcomes for each of the three PIT subgroups were compared individually for the different ART techniques. For ICSI, the effect of the PIT score subgroup was significant for clinical pregnancies (p = 0.0054) and presented a trend for live births (p = 0.0614). Miscarriage rates of IVF attempts were statistically different depending on the PIT score (p = 0.0348). Furthermore, the odds ratios of clinical pregnancy rates were significantly different according to PIT score subgroup when comparing ICSI vs. IMSI or IVF vs. ICSI attempts. DISCUSSION IMSI appears to be recommended when sperm belongs to PIT score I, ICSI when it belongs to PIT score II and IVF or IUI when sperm is of PIT score III quality in selected infertile couples. The lack of statistical power in these PIT subgroups means that we must remain cautious in interpreting results. CONCLUSION Our results support the interest of this simplified test for certain couples with normal/subnormal sperm to help choose the most efficient ART technique, even as first-line treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julien Sigala
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | - Sophie Poirey
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | - Julien Robert
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Public Health and Innovation in Methodology, Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | - Olivier Pouget
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | - Thibault Mura
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, Public Health and Innovation in Methodology, Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes, France
| | - Stephanie Huberlant
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes, France
- University of Montpellier-Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Nathalie Rougier
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Nîmes University Hospital, Nîmes, France
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Mohammadi T. Effect of quercetin and mirtazapine on spermatogenesis and testis structure in phenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anemia mice: An experimental study. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 189:114732. [PMID: 38740240 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Anemia poses a significant healthcare challenge across different socioeconomic groups and can result in reproductive system damage through the generation of free radicals and lipid peroxidation. This study examines the protective effects of quercetin (QUE) and mirtazapine (MIR) against the reproductive damage caused by phenylhydrazine (PHZ) in mice. Fifty NMRI mice, aged 8-10 weeks with an average weight of 27.0 ± 2.0 g, were randomly divided into five groups. The control group (Group 1) received oral administration of 10 mL/kg/day of normal saline. Group 2 (PHZ group) received an initial intraperitoneal dose of 8 mg/100 g body weight of PHZ, followed by subsequent doses of 6 mg/100 g every 48 h. Group 3 received PHZ along with oral QUE at a dosage of 50 mg/kg/day. Group 4 received PHZ along with oral MIR at a dosage of 30 mg/kg/day. Group 5 received PHZ along with oral QUE at a dosage of 50 mg/kg/day and MIR at a dosage of 30 mg/kg/day. The treatment duration was 35 days. Sperm samples were collected from the caudal region of the epididymis post-euthanasia to assess the total mean sperm count, sperm viability, motility, DNA damage, and morphology. Testicular tissue was employed to quantify total antioxidant capacity (TAC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations, while serum levels of testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were analyzed. Additionally, various aspects, including testicular histopathology, oxidative enzyme levels, gene expression related to apoptosis and antiapoptotic pathways, and in vivo fertility index, were evaluated after 35 days. The QUE, MIR, and QUE + MIR groups showed less abnormal morphology and DNA damage, as well as better total and progressive sperm motility, motility characteristics, viability, and plasma membrane function compared to the PHZ group. QUE, MIR, and QUE + MIR administration increased TAC, SOD, and GPx activities in testicular tissue, while reducing MDA levels compared to the PHZ group. Furthermore, QUE, MIR, and QUE + MIR significantly reduced Bax, and caspase-3 expression levels, and increased Bcl-2 expression levels, compared to the PHZ group. Mice treated with QUE, MIR, and QUE + MIR exhibited an increased in vivo fertility index and plasma sex hormone levels compared to the PHZ group. These results show that QUE, MIR, and QUE + MIR might be able to improve the fertility index, boost the testicular antioxidant defense system, and control the death of germ cells. This could mean that they could be used to treat mice with PHZ-induced testicular damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tohid Mohammadi
- Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran.
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4
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Lira Neto FT, Roque M, Esteves SC. Effect of varicocele and varicocelectomy on sperm deoxyribonucleic acid fragmentation rates in infertile men with clinical varicocele. Minerva Obstet Gynecol 2024; 76:49-69. [PMID: 36222786 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-606x.22.05169-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Varicocele is the leading cause of male infertility. It can affect sperm quantity and quality through various non-mutually exclusive pathophysiological mechanisms, mainly oxidative stress. Excessive production of reactive oxygen species may overwhelm the sperm's defenses against oxidative stress and harm the sperm's DNA. Excessive sperm DNA breaks, so-called sperm DNA fragmentation, result from the oxidative stress cascade and are commonly found in the ejaculates of men with varicocele and fertility-related issues. Measuring sperm DNA fragmentation can provide valuable information on the extent of harm and might help select candidates for surgical treatment. Varicocelectomy is beneficial for alleviating oxidative stress-associated infertility and improving sperm DNA integrity. However, reproductive outcomes of infertile men with elevated sperm DNA fragmentation rates and surgically treated varicoceles remain poorly studied, and there is a need for well-designed trials to determine the impact of sperm DNA fragmentation reduction on natural and medically assisted reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe T Lira Neto
- AndrosRecife, Andrology Clinic, Recife, Brazil
- Department of Urology, Prof. Fernando Figueira Institute of Integrative Medicine, Recife, Brazil
| | - Matheus Roque
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Mater Prime, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sandro C Esteves
- ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Referral Center for Male Reproduction, Campinas, Brazil -
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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5
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Shah R, Agarwal A, Kavoussi P, Rambhatla A, Saleh R, Cannarella R, Harraz AM, Boitrelle F, Kuroda S, Hamoda TAAAM, Zini A, Ko E, Calik G, Toprak T, Kandil H, Gül M, Bakırcıoğlu ME, Parekh N, Russo GI, Tadros N, Kadioglu A, Arafa M, Chung E, Rajmil O, Dimitriadis F, Malhotra V, Salvio G, Henkel R, Le TV, Sogutdelen E, Vij S, Alarbid A, Gudeloglu A, Tsujimura A, Calogero AE, El Meliegy A, Crafa A, Kalkanli A, Baser A, Hazir B, Giulioni C, Cho CL, Ho CCK, Salzano C, Zylbersztejn DS, Tien DMB, Pescatori E, Borges E, Serefoglu EC, Saïs-Hamza E, Huyghe E, Ceyhan E, Caroppo E, Castiglioni F, Bahar F, Gokalp F, Lombardo F, Gadda F, Duarsa GWK, Pinggera GM, Busetto GM, Balercia G, Cito G, Blecher G, Franco G, Liguori G, Elbardisi H, Keskin H, Lin H, Taniguchi H, Park HJ, Ziouziou I, de la Rosette J, Hotaling J, Ramsay J, Molina JMC, Lo KL, Bocu K, Khalafalla K, Bowa K, Okada K, Nagao K, Chiba K, Hakim L, Makarounis K, Hehemann M, Rodriguez Peña M, Falcone M, Bendayan M, Martinez M, Timpano M, Altan M, Fode M, Al-Marhoon MS, Sadighi Gilani MA, Soebadi MA, Gherabi N, Sofikitis N, Kahraman O, Birowo P, Kothari P, Sindhwani P, Javed Q, Ambar RF, Kosgi R, Ghayda RA, Adriansjah R, Condorelli RA, La Vignera S, Micic S, Kim SHK, Fukuhara S, Ahn ST, Mostafa T, Ong TA, Takeshima T, Amano T, Barrett T, Arslan U, Karthikeyan VS, Atmoko W, Yumura Y, Yuan Y, Kato Y, Jezek D, Cheng BKC, Hatzichristodoulou G, Dy J, Castañé ER, El-Sakka AI, Nguyen Q, Sarikaya S, Boeri L, Tan R, Moussa MA, El-Assmy A, Alali H, Alhathal N, Osman Y, Perovic D, Sajadi H, Akhavizadegan H, Vučinić M, Kattan S, Kattan MS, Mogharabian N, Phuoc NHV, Ngoo KS, Alkandari MH, Alsuhaibani S, Sokolakis I, Babaei M, King MS, Diemer T, Gava MM, Henrique R, Silva RSE, Paul GM, Mierzwa TC, Glina S, Siddiqi K, Wu H, Wurzacher J, Farkouh A, Son H, Minhas S, Lee J, Magsanoc N, Capogrosso P, Albano GJ, Lewis SEM, Jayasena CN, Alvarez JG, Teo C, Smith RP, Chua JBM, Jensen CFS, Parekattil S, Finelli R, Durairajanayagam D, Karna KK, Ahmed A, Evenson D, Umemoto Y, Puigvert A, Çeker G, Colpi GM. Consensus and Diversity in the Management of Varicocele for Male Infertility: Results of a Global Practice Survey and Comparison with Guidelines and Recommendations. World J Mens Health 2023; 41:164-197. [PMID: 35791302 PMCID: PMC9826919 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.220048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Varicocele is a common problem among infertile men. Varicocele repair (VR) is frequently performed to improve semen parameters and the chances of pregnancy. However, there is a lack of consensus about the diagnosis, indications for VR and its outcomes. The aim of this study was to explore global practice patterns on the management of varicocele in the context of male infertility. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty practicing urologists/andrologists from 23 countries contributed 382 multiple-choice-questions pertaining to varicocele management. These were condensed into an online questionnaire that was forwarded to clinicians involved in male infertility management through direct invitation. The results were analyzed for disagreement and agreement in practice patterns and, compared with the latest guidelines of international professional societies (American Urological Association [AUA], American Society for Reproductive Medicine [ASRM], and European Association of Urology [EAU]), and with evidence emerging from recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Additionally, an expert opinion on each topic was provided based on the consensus of 16 experts in the field. RESULTS The questionnaire was answered by 574 clinicians from 59 countries. The majority of respondents were urologists/uro-andrologists. A wide diversity of opinion was seen in every aspect of varicocele diagnosis, indications for repair, choice of technique, management of sub-clinical varicocele and the role of VR in azoospermia. A significant proportion of the responses were at odds with the recommendations of AUA, ASRM, and EAU. A large number of clinical situations were identified where no guidelines are available. CONCLUSIONS This study is the largest global survey performed to date on the clinical management of varicocele for male infertility. It demonstrates: 1) a wide disagreement in the approach to varicocele management, 2) large gaps in the clinical practice guidelines from professional societies, and 3) the need for further studies on several aspects of varicocele management in infertile men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupin Shah
- Division of Andrology, Department of Urology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Parviz Kavoussi
- Austin Fertility & Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, TX, USA
| | - Amarnath Rambhatla
- Department of Urology, Vattikuti Urology Institute, Henry Ford Health System, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Ramadan Saleh
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Rossella Cannarella
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Ahmed M Harraz
- Mansoura University Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Surgery, Urology Unit, Farwaniya Hospital, Farwaniya, Kuwait
- Department of Urology, Sabah Al Ahmad Urology Center, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Florence Boitrelle
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Fertility Preservation, Andrology, CECOS, Poissy Hospital, Poissy, France
- Department of Biology, Reproduction, Epigenetics, Environment and Development, Paris Saclay University, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Shinnosuke Kuroda
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Taha Abo-Almagd Abdel-Meguid Hamoda
- Department of Urology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Armand Zini
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Edmund Ko
- Department of Urology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Gokhan Calik
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tuncay Toprak
- Department of Urology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Murat Gül
- Department of Urology, Selcuk University School of Medicine, Konya, Turkey
| | | | - Neel Parekh
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Nicholas Tadros
- Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Ates Kadioglu
- Section of Andrology, Department of Urology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mohamed Arafa
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Eric Chung
- Department of Urology, Princess Alexandra Hospital, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Osvaldo Rajmil
- Department of Andrology, Fundacio Puigvert, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Fotios Dimitriadis
- Department of Urology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Gianmaria Salvio
- Department of Endocrinology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Ralf Henkel
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Tan V Le
- Department of Andrology, Binh Dan Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | | | - Sarah Vij
- Department of Urology, Glickman Urological and Kidney Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Abdullah Alarbid
- Department of Surgery, Urology Unit, Farwaniya Hospital, Farwaniya, Kuwait
| | - Ahmet Gudeloglu
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Akira Tsujimura
- Department of Urology, Juntendo University Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan
| | - Aldo E Calogero
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Amr El Meliegy
- Department of Andrology, Sexology and STIs, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Andrea Crafa
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Arif Kalkanli
- Department of Urology, Taksim Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aykut Baser
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University, Balıkesir, Turkey
| | - Berk Hazir
- Reproductive medicine, Clinical Research Centre, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Carlo Giulioni
- Department of Urology, Polytechnic University of Marche Region, Ancona, Italy
| | - Chak-Lam Cho
- S. H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Christopher C K Ho
- Department of Urology, Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Specialist Centre, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ciro Salzano
- PO San Giovanni Bosco, ASL Napoli 1 Centro, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Dung Mai Ba Tien
- Department of Andrology, Binh Dan Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Edoardo Pescatori
- Andrology and Reproductive Medicine Unit, Gynepro Medical, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Ege Can Serefoglu
- Department of Urology, Biruni University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Emine Saïs-Hamza
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Fertility Preservation, Andrology, CECOS, Poissy Hospital, Poissy, France
- Department of Biology, Reproduction, Epigenetics, Environment and Development, Paris Saclay University, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Eric Huyghe
- Department of Urology and Andrology, University Hospital of Toulouse, France
| | - Erman Ceyhan
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Baskent University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ettore Caroppo
- Asl Bari, PTA "F Jaia", Reproductive and IVF unit, Andrology Outpatients Clinic, Asl Bari, Conversano (Ba), Italy
| | | | - Fahmi Bahar
- Andrology Section, Siloam Sriwijaya Hospital, Palembang, Indonesia
| | - Fatih Gokalp
- Department of Urology, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Turkey
| | - Francesco Lombardo
- Laboratory of Seminology-Sperm Bank "Loredana Gandini", Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome "Sapienza", Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Gadda
- Department of Urology, IRCCS Fondazione Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Gian Maria Busetto
- Department of Urology and Organ Transplantation, University of Foggia, Ospedali Riuniti of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Balercia
- Department of Endocrinology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Gianmartin Cito
- Department of Urology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Gideon Blecher
- Department of Surgery, School of Clinical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- Department of Urology, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Giorgio Franco
- Department of Urology, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Haitham Elbardisi
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hakan Keskin
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Haocheng Lin
- Department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hisanori Taniguchi
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hyun Jun Park
- Department of Urology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
- Medical Research Institute of Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Imad Ziouziou
- Department of Urology, College of medicine and pharmacy, Ibn Zohr University, Agadir, Morocco
| | - Jean de la Rosette
- Department of urology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol Mega University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Jim Hotaling
- Department of Surgery (Urology), University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Jonathan Ramsay
- Department of Andrology, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial, London, UK
| | | | - Ka Lun Lo
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kadir Bocu
- Department of Urology, Silopi State Hospital, Sirnak, Turkey
| | - Kareim Khalafalla
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Urology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Kasonde Bowa
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Lusaka, Lusaka, Zambia
| | - Keisuke Okada
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Koichi Nagao
- Department of Urology, Toho University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Chiba
- Department of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Lukman Hakim
- Department of Urology, Universitas Airlangga/Rumah Sakit Universitas Airlangga Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | | | - Marah Hehemann
- Department of Urology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Marcelo Rodriguez Peña
- Instituto de Ginecología y Fertilidad (IFER), Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marco Falcone
- Department of Urology, Molinette Hospital, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Marion Bendayan
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Fertility Preservation, Andrology, CECOS, Poissy Hospital, Poissy, France
- Department of Biology, Reproduction, Epigenetics, Environment and Development, Paris Saclay University, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Marlon Martinez
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Santo Tomas Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | - Massimiliano Timpano
- Department of Urology, Molinette Hospital, A.O.U. Città della Salute e della Scienza, University of Turin, Torino, Italy
| | - Mesut Altan
- Department of Urology, Haceppete University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mikkel Fode
- Department of Urology, Herlev and Gentofte University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Mohammad Ali Sadighi Gilani
- Department of Andrology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Nazim Gherabi
- Andrology Committee of the Algerian Association of Urology, Algiers, Algeria
| | - Nikolaos Sofikitis
- Department of Urology, Ioannina University School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Oğuzhan Kahraman
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Baskent University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Ponco Birowo
- Department of Urology, Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Puneet Sindhwani
- Department of Urology, University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH, USA
| | - Qaisar Javed
- Department of Urology, Al - Ahlia Hospital Abu Dhabi UAE, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Rafael F Ambar
- Department of Urology, Centro Universitario em Saude do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
- Andrology Group at Ideia Fertil Institute of Human Reproduction, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Raghavender Kosgi
- Department of Urology and Andrology, AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ramy Abou Ghayda
- Urology Institute, University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ricky Adriansjah
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Banding, Indonesia
| | | | - Sandro La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sava Micic
- Department of Andrology, Uromedica Polyclinic, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Shannon Hee Kyung Kim
- IVF Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Macquarie School of Medicine, Macquaire University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Shinichiro Fukuhara
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sun Tae Ahn
- Department of Urology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Taymour Mostafa
- Department of Andrology, Sexology and STIs, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Teng Aik Ong
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Teppei Takeshima
- Department of Urology, Reproduction Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Amano
- Department of Urology, Nagano Red Cross Hospital, Nagano, Japan
| | | | - Umut Arslan
- Department of Urology, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Istanbul, Turkey
| | | | - Widi Atmoko
- Department of Urology and Andrology, AIG Hospitals, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Yasushi Yumura
- Department of Urology, Reproduction Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Yiming Yuan
- Andrology Center & Urology Department, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuki Kato
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Davor Jezek
- Department for Transfusion Medicine and Transplantation Biology, Reproductive Tissue Bank, University of Zagreb, School of Medicine, University Hospital Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | | | - Jun Dy
- Stone and Prostate Treatment Services/Pelvic Floor Center and Anorectal Diseases, St. Luke's Medical Center, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines
| | - Eduard Ruiz Castañé
- Department of Andrology, Fundació Puigvert, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ahmed I El-Sakka
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Quang Nguyen
- Center for Andrology and Sexual Medicine, Viet Duc University Hospital, Hanoi, Vietnam
- Department of Urology, Andrology and Sexual Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Selcuk Sarikaya
- Department of Urology, Gülhane Research and Training Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Luca Boeri
- Department of Urology, IRCCS Fondazione Ca Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Ronny Tan
- Advanced Urology Associates, Singapore
- Mount Elizabeth Hospital, Singapore
| | - Mohamad A Moussa
- Department of Urology, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
- Department of Urology, Al Zahraa Hospital, UMC, Lebanon
| | - Ahmed El-Assmy
- Mansoura University Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hamed Alali
- King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naif Alhathal
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yasser Osman
- Mansoura University Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Dragoljub Perovic
- Urology and Andrology Center, CODRA Hospital, University of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro
| | | | - Hamed Akhavizadegan
- Department of Urology, Sina Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Said Kattan
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Kattan
- King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nasser Mogharabian
- Sexual Health and Fertility Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | | | - Kay Seong Ngoo
- Urology Unit, Department of Surgery, Hospital Angkatan Tentera Tuanku Mizan, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohammad H Alkandari
- Department of Urology, Mubarak Al-Kabeer Teaching Hospital, Kuwait University, Jabriya, Kuwait
| | - Shaheed Alsuhaibani
- Department of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ioannis Sokolakis
- Department of Urology, Martha-Maria Hospital Nuremberg, Nuremberg, Germany
| | - Mehdi Babaei
- Department of Andrology, Shariati Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mak Siu King
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Thorsten Diemer
- Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology and Andrology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen (GER), University Hospital Giessen and Marburg GmbH, Campus Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marcelo M Gava
- Department of Urology, Centro Universitario em Saude do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
- Andrology Group at Ideia Fertil Institute of Human Reproduction, Santo André, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Spinola E Silva
- Department of Urology, Centro Universitario em Saude do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
- Andrology Group at Ideia Fertil Institute of Human Reproduction, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Marquesine Paul
- Department of Urology, Hospital de Clínicas of the Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | - Sidney Glina
- Department of Urology, Centro Universitario em Saude do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | | | - Han Wu
- Department of Andrology, PKU 3rd Hospital Reproductive Medicine Center, Beijing, China
| | - Jana Wurzacher
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Ala'a Farkouh
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hwancheol Son
- Department of Urology, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Suks Minhas
- Division of Surgery, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Joe Lee
- Department of Urology, National University Hospital, Singapore
| | - Nikko Magsanoc
- Department of Surgery, University of the Philippines College of Medicine, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - German Jose Albano
- Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Santo Tomas Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | | | - Channa N Jayasena
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology and Andrology, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Andrology, Hammersmith & St. Mary's Hospitals, London, UK
| | - Juan G Alvarez
- Department of Andrology, Centro ANDROGEN, La Coruña, Spain
| | - Colin Teo
- Department of Urology, Gleneagles Hospital, Singapore
| | - Ryan P Smith
- Department of Urology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Virginia, USA
| | - Jo Ben M Chua
- Department of Urology, East Avenue Medical Center, Quezon City, Philippines
| | | | - Sijo Parekattil
- Avant Concierge Urology & University of Central Florida, Winter Garden, FL, USA
| | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Damayanthi Durairajanayagam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Keshab Kumar Karna
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Abdelkareem Ahmed
- Department of Urology, Sabah Al Ahmad Urology Center, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | | | - Yukihiro Umemoto
- Department of Nephro-Urology, Nagoya City West Medical Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Ana Puigvert
- Urological and Human Reproduction Unit, Quiron Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gökhan Çeker
- Department of Urology, Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Embryology and Histology, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University Institute of Health Sciences, Zonguldak, Turkey
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6
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Moustakli E, Zikopoulos A, Sakaloglou P, Bouba I, Sofikitis N, Georgiou I. Functional association between telomeres, oxidation and mitochondria. FRONTIERS IN REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH 2023; 5:1107215. [PMID: 36890798 PMCID: PMC9986632 DOI: 10.3389/frph.2023.1107215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Prior research has substantiated the vital role of telomeres in human fertility. Telomeres are prerequisites for maintaining the integrity of chromosomes by preventing the loss of genetic material following replication events. Little is known about the association between sperm telomere length and mitochondrial capacity involving its structure and functions. Mitochondria are structurally and functionally distinct organelles that are located on the spermatozoon's midpiece. Mitochondria produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP) through oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), which is necessary for sperm motility and generate reactive oxygen species (ROS). While a moderate concentration of ROS is critical for egg-sperm fusion, and fertilization, excessive ROS generation is primarily related to telomere shortening, sperm DNA fragmentation, and alterations in the methylation pattern leading to male infertility. This review aims to highlight the functional connection between mitochondria biogenesis and telomere length in male infertility, as mitochondrial lesions have a damaging impact on telomere length, leading both to telomere lengthening and reprogramming of mitochondrial biosynthesis. Furthermore, it aims to shed light on how both inositol and antioxidants can positively affect male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Efthalia Moustakli
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Prodromos Sakaloglou
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ioanna Bouba
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Sofikitis
- Department of Urology, Ioannina University School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Ioannis Georgiou
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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7
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O’Flaherty C, Scarlata E. OXIDATIVE STRESS AND REPRODUCTIVE FUNCTION: The protection of mammalian spermatozoa against oxidative stress. Reproduction 2022; 164:F67-F78. [PMID: 37021966 DOI: 10.1530/rep-22-0200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In brief
This review focuses on the enzymatic antioxidant mechanisms to fight oxidative stress by spermatozoa, highlighting the differences among mammalian species. We discuss recent evidence about players that promote and fight oxidative stress and the need for novel strategies to diagnose and treat cases of male infertility associated with oxidative damage of the spermatozoon.
Abstract
The spermatozoon is very sensitive to high reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels due to its limited antioxidant system. A consortium of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidases (GPXs), peroxiredoxins (PRDXs), thioredoxins, and glutathione-S-transferases, is necessary to produce healthy spermatozoa and to maintain sperm quality to ensure motility, capacitation, and DNA integrity. A delicate balance between ROS production and antioxidant enzymes is needed to ensure ROS-dependent sperm capacitation. GPX4 is an essential component of the mitochondrial sheath in mammalian spermatozoa, and GPX5 is a crucial antioxidant defence in the mouse epididymis to protect the sperm genome during the maturation of the spermatozoon. The mitochondrial superoxide (O2·–) production is controlled by SOD2, and the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generated by SOD2 activity and peroxynitrite (ONOO–) are scavenged mainly by PRDXs in human spermatozoa. PRDXs regulate the redox signalling necessary for sperm motility and capacitation, particularly by PRDX6. This enzyme is the first line of defence against oxidative stress to prevent lipid peroxidation and DNA oxidation by scavenging H2O2 and ONOO– through its peroxidase activity and repairing oxidized membranes by its calcium-independent phospholipase A2 activity. The success of antioxidant therapy in treating infertility resides in the proper diagnosis of the presence of oxidative stress and which type of ROS are produced. Thus, more research on the molecular mechanisms affected by oxidative stress, the development of novel diagnostic tools to identify infertile patients with oxidative stress, and randomized controlled trials are of paramount importance to generate personalized antioxidant therapy to restore male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian O’Flaherty
- Urology Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- The Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Eleonora Scarlata
- Urology Division, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
- The Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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8
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Al-Shahed FAZN, Shoeb HH, El-Shawwa MM. Effect of isotretinoin (Netlook) on the testis of adult male albino rats and the role of omega 3 supplementation: A histological and biochemical study. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:5213-5221. [PMID: 36098243 PMCID: PMC9575098 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Isotretinoin is an oral retinoid which used across the world in the treatment of patients especially adolescents complaining of acne. In spite of the prevalent clinical use of isotretinoin, the generation of oxidative stress with the affection of several organs leads to the limitation and restriction of its use. Omega-3 (N-3) is an essential polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFAs) with powerful antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the histological and biochemical changes occurring in the rat testis following isotretinoin intake and to evaluate the role of omega 3 supplementation in ameliorating testicular damage. Thirty adult male albino rats were divided equally into three groups. Group I is the control group, group II received isotretinoin (1.0 mg/kg/day) dissolved in distilled water and group III received isotretinoin (1.0 mg/kg/day) and omega 3 (400 mg/kg/day). Testis samples were collected and processed for light and electron microscopic examination. The blood samples were collected for biochemical assessments. Results indicated that isotretinoin caused histological changes in all stages of spermatogenesis and alterations of the hormonal assay. These changes in the rat testis which were corrected by omega 3 use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hala H Shoeb
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammad M El-Shawwa
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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9
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Arya D, Balasinor N, Singh D. Varicocele associated male infertility: cellular and molecular perspectives of pathophysiology. Andrology 2022; 10:1463-1483. [PMID: 36040837 DOI: 10.1111/andr.13278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Varicocele is a common risk factor associated with reduced male fertility potential. The current understanding of varicocele pathophysiology does not completely explain the clinical manifestation of infertility. The present treatment options such as antioxidant supplementation and varicocelectomy only helps ∼35% of men to achieve spontaneous pregnancy. OBJECTIVE This review aims to summarize the available knowledge on cellular and molecular alterations implicated to varicocele associated male infertility and also highlights the new knowledge generated by 'Omics' technologies. MATERIALS AND METHODS PubMed, MEDLINE, Cochrane and Google Scholar databases are searched using different combinations of keywords (varicocele, infertile/fertile men with varicocele, cellular changes, molecular mechanisms, proteome, epigenome, transcriptome and metabolome). A total of 229 relevant human and animal studies published till 2021 were included in this review. RESULTS Current understanding advocates oxidative stress (OS) as a major contributory factor to the varicocele associated male infertility. Excessive OS causes alteration in testicular microenvironment and sperm DNA fragmentation which further contributes to infertility. Molecular and omics studies have identified several promising biomarkers such as AAMP, SPINT1, MKI67 (genetic markers), sperm quality and function related protein markers, global sperm DNA methylation level (epigenetic marker), Hspa2, Protamine, Gadd7, Dynlt1 and Beclin1 (mRNA markers), PRDX2, HSPA, APOA2, YKL40 (seminal protein markers), total choline and PHGDH (metabolic markers). DISCUSSION Mature spermatozoa harbours a plethora of molecular information in form of proteome, epigenome and transcriptome; which could provide very important clues regarding pathophysiology of varicocele associated infertility. Recent molecular and omics studies in infertile men with varicocele have identified several promising biomarkers. Upon further validation with larger and well-defined studies, some of these biomarkers could aid in varicocele management. CONCLUSION The present evidences suggest inclusion of OS and sperm DNA fragmentation tests could be useful to the diagnostic workup for men with varicocele. Furthermore, including precise molecular markers may assist in diagnostics and prognostics of varicocele associated male infertility. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepshikha Arya
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Nafisa Balasinor
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
| | - Dipty Singh
- Department of Neuroendocrinology, ICMR- National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, Parel, Mumbai, 400012, India
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10
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Ribeiro DA. Is genotoxicity a suitable biomarker for varicocele? Andrologia 2022; 54:e14519. [PMID: 35802035 DOI: 10.1111/and.14519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Araki Ribeiro
- Department of Biosciences, Institute of Health and Society, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP, São Paulo, Brazil
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11
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Therapeutic Effects of Xianlu Oral Solution on Rats with Oligoasthenozoospermia through Alleviating Apoptosis and Oxidative Stress. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1269530. [PMID: 35761898 PMCID: PMC9233599 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1269530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic oligoasthenozoospermia (iOAZS) is one of the major causes of male infertility, and the ideal therapies for iOAZS have not been established yet. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), including Xianlu oral solution (XL), has been widely used as an adjunct treatment for male infertility in the clinic. However, the underlying mechanisms of XL treatment on iOAZS are still not known. Here, we found that XL treatment has therapeutic effects on ornidazole (ORN)-induced OAZS model rats through the amelioration of testis tissues spermatogenesis and the improvement of sperm concentration and motility. Moreover, XL treatment ameliorated the serum hormone levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, apoptosis status, and oxidative stress status in the testis tissues of iOAZS model rats. These findings identify a potential mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of Xianlu oral solution on iOAZS, and Xianlu oral solution may be used as a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy for male infertility caused by iOAZS in clinical practice.
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12
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Anbara H, Shahrooz R, Razi M, Malekinejad H, Najafi G, Shalizar-Jalali A. Repro-protective role of royal jelly in phenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anemia in male mice: Histopathological, embryological, and biochemical evidence. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:1124-1135. [PMID: 35099105 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To estimate the repro-protective effect of royal jelly (RJ) on phenylhydrazine (PHZ)-induced anemia's detrimental effects, 24 mature mice were divided into control group (0.10 mL normal saline; intra-peritoneally), RJ group (100 mg/kg/day; orally), experimental anemia (EA) group that received only PHZ (6 mg/100 g/48 h; intra-peritoneally), and RJ + EA (according to the previous prescription) group. After 35 days, testicular histoarchitecture, RNA damage in germinal cells, sperm characteristics, testicular total anti-oxidant capacity and malondialdehyde as well as serum testosterone levels, pre-implantation embryo development and cyclin D1 and c-myc mRNA levels at two-cell, morula and blastocyst stages were analyzed. Spermatogenesis indices were ameliorated following RJ co-administration. Moreover, RJ co-treatment reduced germinal cells RNA damage, improved sperm characteristics, boosted pre-implantation embryo development and restored androgenesis, and oxidant/anti-oxidant status. Co-administration of RJ also decreased mRNA levels of cyclin D1 and up-regulated those of c-myc in two-cell embryos, morulas and blastocysts. The findings suggest that RJ can play a repro-protective role in PHZ-induced anemia in mice through anti-oxidant defense system reinforcement and androgenesis restoration as well as cyclin D1 and c-myc expressions regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hojat Anbara
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Shahrooz
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mazdak Razi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hassan Malekinejad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Najafi
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Ali Shalizar-Jalali
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Kavoussi PK, Gilkey MS, Machen GL, Kavoussi SK, Dorsey C. Varicocele repair improves static oxidation reduction potential as a measure of seminal oxidative stress levels in infertile men: A prospective clinical trial using the MiOXSYS system. Urology 2022; 165:193-197. [DOI: 10.1016/j.urology.2022.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Zhibai Dihuang Pill Alleviates Ureaplasma urealyticum-Induced Spermatogenic Failure and Testicular Dysfunction via MAPK Signaling Pathway. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7174399. [PMID: 35242210 PMCID: PMC8888053 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7174399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The testicles and sperm are extremely susceptible to inflammation and oxidative stress. Although Zhibai Dihuang Pill (ZDP) has been reported to treat various infertilities including male infertility induced by Ureaplasma urealyticum (UU) infection, its mechanism is still poorly understood. This study is aimed at clarifying the underlying mechanism of ZDP to protect against UU-infected male infertility. We found that UU-infected infertile rats exhibited weight loss, reduced food intake, and decreased sperm count and vitality. The administration of ZDP improved the general state and sperm motility of rats. In addition, UU infection led to spermatogenesis disorders, impaired secretory function and blood-testis barrier (BTB) of Sertoli cells, and elevated inflammation and oxidative stress. As expected, ZDP suppressed inflammation and oxidative stress to alleviate spermatogenesis disorders. Our research showed that ZDP could improve spermatogenesis disorders and testicular function primarily through the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway. ZDP exerts its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects via the MAPK signaling pathway, thus playing an important role in ameliorating spermatogenesis failure and testicular dysfunction.
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15
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Razeghinia MS, Sahebazzamani M, Soleymani S, Ketabchi AA, Moqaddasi-Amiri M, Mohammadi MM. Expression of proapoptotic receptors Fas/Fas-L on sperm cells and levels of their soluble forms in seminal fluid from patients with varicocele. J Reprod Immunol 2022; 149:103443. [PMID: 34837753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2021.103443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Varicocele is a condition in which the pampiniform venous plexus in the scrotum dilates abnormally during puberty, affecting testicular growth and semen parameters, and is thought to be a major cause of male infertility. The findings of researches on the presence of the Fas system in sperm are controversial. As the main triggers of apoptosis in the semen of patients with varicocele, in this study, we examined the expression of Fas/Fas-L on sperm cells and also the levels of their soluble forms in seminal plasma. Semen samples were taken from 45 patients with varicocele (study group) and 45 healthy subjects without varicocele (control group) after 3-5 days of ejaculatory abstinence. Flow cytometry was used to examine the expression of Fas and Fas ligand (Fas-L) on Sperm cells. Furthermore, soluble Fas (sFas) and soluble Fas-Ligand (sFas-L) levels in the seminal fluid were determined using an ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). The presence of Fas and Fas-L proteins on the sperm ejaculation surface was not found in the patients with varicocele or the control groups. However, in the case group (3.32 ± 0.31 ng/mL), sFas seminal concentrations were slightly lower than in the control group (5.50 ± 0.36 ng/mL) (p < 0.001). In varicocele patients, there was a strong negative association between seminal sFas and sperm motility. Apoptosis effects through this system on key sperm parameters were not found based on our findings. In varicocele, a reduction in sperm count and motility does not seem to be due to Fas-related mechanisms, but rather to other mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad-Sadegh Razeghinia
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran; Center of Physiology Researcher, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Sahebazzamani
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Saeed Soleymani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali-Asghar Ketabchi
- Department of Urology, Bahonar Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad-Mahdi Mohammadi
- Center of Physiology Researcher, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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16
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Peroxiredoxin 6 Peroxidase and Ca 2+-Independent Phospholipase A 2 Activities Are Essential to Support Male-Mouse Fertility. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020226. [PMID: 35204109 PMCID: PMC8868156 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Human infertility is an important health problem that affects one in six couples worldwide. Half of these cases are due to male infertility. Oxidative stress is a common culprit of male infertility, promoting lipid peroxidation and the oxidation of proteins and DNA in spermatozoa, thereby impairing motility, capacitation and fertilization. Peroxiredoxin 6 (PRDX6) possesses peroxidase and Ca2+-independent-phospholipase-A2 (iPLA2) activities that scavenge ROS and repair oxidized sperm membranes, respectively. PRDX6 protects spermatozoa against oxidative stress. Infertile men’s spermatozoa have impaired motility, elevated lipid peroxidation levels and DNA damage due to low PRDX6 levels. A lack of PRDX6 is associated with male-mouse infertility. Here, we determined the impact of the absence of PRDX6 peroxidase or iPLA2 activities on male-mouse fertility. Two-month-old male C57Bl6/J (wild-type), Prdx6−/−, C47S and D140A knock-in (peroxidase- and iPLA2-deficient, respectively) male mice were challenged with an in vivo oxidative stress triggered by tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP). C47S and D140A males produced smaller litters compared to wild-type controls. The t-BHP treatment promoted a lower number of pups, high levels of lipid peroxidation, tyrosine nitration, and DNA oxidation in all mutant spermatozoa compared to wild-type controls. All mutant spermatozoa had impaired capacitation and motility. In summary, both PRDX6 peroxidase and iPLA2 activities are essential to support male-mouse fertility.
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Babaei A, Asadpour R, Mansouri K, Sabrivand A, Kazemi‐Darabadi S. Lycopene protects sperm from oxidative stress in the experimental varicocele model. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:6806-6817. [PMID: 34925809 PMCID: PMC8645712 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) is an important parameter in the evaluation of infertility caused by varicocele. Antioxidants are the most commonly prescribed drugs in these patients. Lycopene molecule, as the powerful antioxidant in the carotenoid family, has beneficial effects on improving fertility in males. Therefore, we investigated the effects of lycopene on induced OS by varicocele in an animal model. Forty-five adult male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: control (n = 12) and varicocele (n = 33). Two months after induced varicocele, five rats in each group were sacrificed randomly and induced varicocele was investigated. Remained rats were divided into five groups (n = 7), including the control (I), varicocele (II), varicocele reserving solvent (III), varicocele reserving lycopene 4 mg/kg (IV), and 10 mg/kg (V) for two months. At the end of the experiment, intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), %DNA damage, and antioxidant enzymatic levels were measured. The results indicated that there were significant increases in the levels of ROS, MDA, DNA damage, superoxide dismutase (SOD), sperm concentration, and motility in the varicocele groups compared with the control group. In the lycopene group (10 mg/kg), sperm concentration, the levels of TAC, and catalase (CAT) activity were improved so the levels of ROS, MDA, and %DNA damage were reduced compared with varicocele group. Our findings indicated that the administration of lycopene especially at a dose of 10 mg/kg in the varicocele group could protect sperm from OS and sperm DNA damage by increasing antioxidant activity and reducing ROS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atefeh Babaei
- Department of Clinical SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TabrizTabrizIran
| | - Reza Asadpour
- Department of Clinical SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TabrizTabrizIran
| | - Kamran Mansouri
- Medical Biology Research CenterHealth Technology InstituteKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | - Adel Sabrivand
- Department of Clinical SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TabrizTabrizIran
| | - Siamak Kazemi‐Darabadi
- Department of Clinical SciencesFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TabrizTabrizIran
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Basile U, Vergani E, Napodano C, Bruno C, Marino M, Oliva A, Gulli F, Mancini A. Evaluation of free light chains of immunoglobulins in normal and pathological seminal fluids: Preliminary data. Andrologia 2021; 54:e14317. [PMID: 34850444 DOI: 10.1111/and.14317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunoglobulins free light chains (FLCs) are assayable in several biological fluids. Currently, there are no reports on FLCs in seminal plasma. The aims of our study were to investigate the presence and detectability of FLCs in seminal plasma and to evaluate the usefulness of this assay in the diagnostic approach to infertile patients. We enrolled 61 patients aged 18-50 years. Semen analysis was performed. They were divided into four groups: controls-normozoospermic, 10 patients, mean ± SEM age 35 ± 1.5 years; varicoceles (VAR), 18 patients aged 24.3 ± 0.96 years; inflammatory (INF) seminal fluids, 24 patients, aged 38.8 ± 2.2 years; and varicoceles and inflammatory (VAR/INF) seminal fluids, 9 patients, aged 29.5 ± 0.71 years. A trend towards higher λ FLCs levels was evidenced in the INF and VAR/INF groups. κ FLCs were higher in normozoospermic patients with lower levels in VAR, both isolated and associated with inflammatory parameters. This differential pattern of the two types of FLCs reached statistical significance when comparing κ/λ ratio, with significant lower levels in VAR vs controls. This is the first report of FLCs assay in seminal plasma. We can hypothesize that λ FLCs are increased in inflammatory processes, whether κ FLCs seem to be influenced by other molecular mechanisms related to varicocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Basile
- Dipartimento di Scienze di laboratorio e Infettivologiche, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Edoardo Vergani
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Carmine Bruno
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Mariapaola Marino
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandro Oliva
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Gulli
- Laboratorio di Patologia Clinica, Ospedale Madre Giuseppina Vannini, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Mancini
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy
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Mitochondrial Uncoupling Proteins (UCPs) as Key Modulators of ROS Homeostasis: A Crosstalk between Diabesity and Male Infertility? Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111746. [PMID: 34829617 PMCID: PMC8614977 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are transmembrane proteins members of the mitochondrial anion transporter family present in the mitochondrial inner membrane. Currently, six homologs have been identified (UCP1-6) in mammals, with ubiquitous tissue distribution and multiple physiological functions. UCPs are regulators of key events for cellular bioenergetic metabolism, such as membrane potential, metabolic efficiency, and energy dissipation also functioning as pivotal modulators of ROS production and general cellular redox state. UCPs can act as proton channels, leading to proton re-entry the mitochondrial matrix from the intermembrane space and thus collapsing the proton gradient and decreasing the membrane potential. Each homolog exhibits its specific functions, from thermogenesis to regulation of ROS production. The expression and function of UCPs are intimately linked to diabesity, with their dysregulation/dysfunction not only associated to diabesity onset, but also by exacerbating oxidative stress-related damage. Male infertility is one of the most overlooked diabesity-related comorbidities, where high oxidative stress takes a major role. In this review, we discuss in detail the expression and function of the different UCP homologs. In addition, the role of UCPs as key regulators of ROS production and redox homeostasis, as well as their influence on the pathophysiology of diabesity and potential role on diabesity-induced male infertility is debated.
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Siregar S, Noegroho BS, Adriansjah R, Mustafa A, Bonar A. The Effect of Intratesticular Injection of Human Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Cell on Testicular Oxidative Stress and Spermatogenesis Process in the Varicocele Rat Model. Res Rep Urol 2021; 13:759-765. [PMID: 34676179 PMCID: PMC8519792 DOI: 10.2147/rru.s330634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Varicocele is the predominant cause of male infertility. Reactive oxygen species was found in varicocele which induce the lipid peroxidation process in the plasma membrane of spermatozoa and may cause damage to spermatozoa in semen and seminiferous tubules, disrupting spermatogenesis. Human adipose derived stem cells (hADSC) can suppress oxidative stress in some oxidative injury model. This study investigate the effect of intratesticular hADSC injection on malondialdehyde (MDA) level and spermatogenesis process by histopathological examination in the varicocele rat model. Methods This is an experimental study. A total sampling of 9 male Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Group I consist of 1 Wistar rats without any treatment or model (sham group), group II consist of 4 Wistar rats with varicocele model without hADSC therapy (control group), and group III consist of 4 Wistar rats with varicocele model and were given injections of 1.0×106 hADSC cells intratesticularly 30 days after model was made (therapy group). Testicular tissue was harvested for evaluation. Results In all varicocele model rats (group II and III), the result of MDA level in therapy group (2.53 mol/liter) was significantly lower than the MDA level in control group (4.43 mol/liter) (p = 0.01). On histopathological examination, the average Johnson’s Score in the therapy and control group was 9.77 and 9.18, respectively. The analysis showed Johnson’s score in the intervention group was significantly higher (p = 0.018). Conclusion Intratesticular injection of hADSC can help reduce MDA levels and improve spermatogenesis process, which is damaged by varicoceles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safendra Siregar
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Bambang Sasongko Noegroho
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ricky Adriansjah
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Akhmad Mustafa
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ananta Bonar
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, Indonesia
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Zhang Y, Zhang W, Wu X, Liu G, Dai Y, Jiang H, Zhang X. Effect of varicocele on sperm DNA damage: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Andrologia 2021; 54:e14275. [PMID: 34658054 DOI: 10.1111/and.14275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The updated meta-analysis was conducted to further verify the effect of varicocele on sperm DNA damage, supplying clinicians and researchers with high-grade evidence. The sperm DNA damage was evaluated by DNA fragmentation index (DFI), associated with the male fertility capability tightly. PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were searched extensively for eligible studies with the search terms: varicocele, sperm DNA and sperm DNA damage. Finally, a total of 12 studies were included in our meta-analysis with a total of 845 patients diagnosed with varicocele and 2,377 healthy controls. A statistical difference of DFI between varicocele patients and healthy controls was found after pooling the data ((Standardised mean difference) SMD: 1.40, 95%CI: 0.83-1.98, p < .0001), using the random effect model. We conducted subgroup analysis according to study region (Brazil and Other countries), detection methods of DFI (TUNEL, Comet, and SCSA), sample size (<50 and >50) and age (<30 and >30 years), based on substantial heterogeneity among eligible studies. The stability of pooled results was verified by sensitivity analysis. All these statistical analyses were conducted using Stata version 16.0. In conclusion, patients diagnosed with clinical varicocele had higher DFI than healthy controls, which means varicocele could impair sperm DNA, consequently the fertility potential of affected men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guodong Liu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yutian Dai
- Department of Andrology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- The department of Urology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiansheng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Institute of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Adiga PK, Vitthala S, Shivaranjeni. Correlation of sperm DNA damage with blastocyst formation: systematic review and meta-analysis. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1186/s43043-021-00067-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The routine semen analysis fails to detect sperm DNA damage which contributes to the majority of male factor infertility. Sperm DNA fragmentation test (DFI) measures the sperm DNA damage. Blastocyst formation is an important step in IVF ± ICSI. At present, the literature lacks any data that correlates DFI and blastocyst formation.
Main body of the abstract
We searched MEDLINE and other databases till 2020 for the studies that reported on sperm DNA damage and blastocyst formation in assisted reproductive technology (ART). The outcomes analyzed were (1) a comparison of blastulation rates in high DFI and low DFI groups. (2) Comparison of blastulation rates in high DFI and low DFI groups based on (a) different sperm DNA fragmentation assays (COMET, SCD, SCSA, TUNEL), (b) different types of ART (IVF/IVF + ICSI/ICSI). 10 studies were included in this review. A non-significant increase in the blastocyst formation was observed in high DFI group (OR = 0.70; 95% CI = 0.4 to 1.21; P = 0.20) and with SCD and TUNEL assays.
Short conclusion
Our study emphasizes on sperm DNA fragmentation (sperm DNA damage) as an important marker of blastocyst formation. The results of this meta-analysis suggest that the high sperm DNA fragmentation may not adversely affect the blastocyst formation.
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Antioxidant Potential of Parsley Leaf ( Petroselinum crispum) Essential Oil on Hypothyroidism and Testicular Injury in Mice Intoxicated by Carbon Tetrachloride. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:9989174. [PMID: 34497857 PMCID: PMC8421155 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9989174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the ameliorative potential of parsley (Petroselinum crispum) leaf essential oil (PO) against the detrimental effects of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) on the thyroid gland and testes of mice. Twenty-four adult male mice were divided into four groups and treated for 4 weeks. The 1st control group received 3 mL/kg olive oil intraperitoneally, twice a week followed by 0.5 mL/kg saline intragastrically daily. The 2nd CCl4 group received CCl4 (3 mL/kg intraperitoneally, twice a week). The 3rd PO group received PO (0.5 mL/kg intragastrically daily), while the 4th CCl4+PO group received CCl4 coadministrated with PO at the aforementioned doses. CCl4 group recorded significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the activities of antioxidant enzyme catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and significant (p < 0.05) increase in the lipid peroxidation end product's level malondialdehyde (MDA) in the testes and thyroid glands. Meanwhile, serum levels of testosterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and thyroid hormones (thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), total triiodothyronine (T3), free triiodothyronine (fT3), total thyroxine (T4), and free thyroxine (fT4)) significantly decreased. Also, histopathologically, the testicular tissue showed hypospermatogenesis within irregular-shaped seminiferous tubules with prominent edema in the interstitial spaces confirming the aforementioned biochemical alterations. Treatment with PO significantly reduced the testicular and thyroid oxidative stress (p < 0.05) and elevated the testosterone (73.47%), FSH (92.11%), LH (33.33%), T3 (23.47%), fT3 (39.13%), T4 (27.91%), and fT4 (75%) as compared to that of CCl4-treated group corresponding values. The PO GC/MS analysis indicated bioactive monoterpenes (major component is 1,3,8-mentha triene 34.48%) and phenylpropenes (major component is myristicin 21.04%). Results suggested the ameliorative effect of PO against CCl4-induced hypogonadism in mice by suppressing oxidative stress and maintaining thyroid gland function.
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Effect of Tris-extender supplemented with a combination of turmeric and ethylene glycol on buffalo bull semen freezability and in vivo fertility. Trop Anim Health Prod 2021; 53:238. [PMID: 33792781 DOI: 10.1007/s11250-021-02668-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of Tris-extender supplemented with a combination of turmeric and ethylene glycol on buffalo bull semen preservability and in vivo fertility. Five tubes (each contain 5 ml Tris-citric acid-fructose yolk, TCFY). The first tube contains turmeric extract and ethylene glycol and kept as a control. The other four tubes contain 1.5% ethylene glycol plus turmeric extract as follows: 100 μl/5 ml, 200 μl/5 ml, 300 μl/5 ml, and 400 μl/5 ml v/v). Pooled bull semen was added to the Tris extender and to Tris turmeric ethylene glycol. Extended semen was subjected to semen freezing protocol. Semen assessment was carried out. In Tris turmeric ethylene glycol post-cooling, sperm motility and alive sperms were significantly higher in the first concentration of Tris turmeric ethylene glycol (TTE1), sperm abnormalities were significantly lower in TTE1 and TTE2, and sperm membrane integrity (HOST) was significantly higher in TTE1 and acrosome percent was significantly higher in TTE1, TTE2, and TTE4 if compared to the control. Post-thawing, sperm motility was significantly higher in TTE1 as compared to the control and other concentrations of TE. All concentrations of TE were significantly higher in sperm membrane integrity (HOST) as relative to the control. Alive sperms were kept in TTE1 as the control. Acrosome percent was kept in most concentrations as the control. It is concluded that, in cooled and post-thawed semen, the first concentration (TTE1) gave the best sperm quality and conception rate.
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Aeeni M, Razi M, Alizadeh A, Alizadeh A. The molecular mechanism behind insulin protective effects on testicular tissue of hyperglycemic rats. Life Sci 2021; 277:119394. [PMID: 33785345 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The present study assessed the possible mechanisms by which the insulin regulates the heat shock (HSPs) and transitional proteins expression and consequently ameliorates the oxidative stress-induced damages in germ and sperm cells DNA contents. MAIN METHODS Mature male Wistar rats were distributed into control, Hyperglycemia-induced (HG) and insulin-treated HG-induced (HG-I) groups. Following 8 weeks from HG induction, testicular total antioxidant capacity (TAC), immunoreactivity of 8-oxodG, germ cells mRNA damage, Hsp70-2a, Hsp90, transitional proteins 1 and 2 (TP-1 and -2) mRNA and protein expressions were analyzed. Moreover, the sperm chromatin condensation was assessed by aniline-blue staining, and DNA integrity of germ and sperm cells were analyzed by TUNEL and acrdine-orange staining techniques. KEY FINDINGS The HG animals exhibited significant (p < 0.05) reduction in TAC, HSp70-2a, TP-1 and TP-2 expression levels, and increment in 8-oxodG immunoreactivity, mRNA damage, and Hsp90 expression. However, insulin treatment resulted in (p < 0.05) enhanced TAC level, Hsp70-2a, Hsp90, TP-1 and TP-2 expressions, besides reduced 8-oxodG immunoreactivity and mRNA damage compared to the HG group (p < 0.05). The chromatin condensation and the germ and sperm cells DNA fragmentation were decreased in HG-I group. SIGNIFICANCE Insulin treatment amplifies the testicular TAC level, improves the Hsp70-2a, TP-1, and TP-2 expressions, and boosts the Hsp90-mediated role in DNA repairment process. Consequently, altogether could maintain the HG-induced DNA integrity in the testicular and sperm cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Aeeni
- Division of Histology & Embryology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O.BOX: 1177, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mazdak Razi
- Division of Histology & Embryology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, P.O.BOX: 1177, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Alireza Alizadeh
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Alizadeh
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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Analysis of the Functional Aspects of Sperm and Testicular Oxidative Stress in Individuals Undergoing Metabolic Surgery. Obes Surg 2021; 31:2887-2895. [PMID: 33768432 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-021-05350-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Metabolic surgery is a recommended treatment for obese patients that results in BMI reduction; however, the observed impact of this therapy on male fertility is inconsistent. This research aimed to study the effects of BMI changes after metabolic surgery on seminal analysis, sex hormonal profile, sperm functional integrity, and the seminal plasma lipid peroxidation levels. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective study was performed in 15 patients for whom metabolic surgery was recommended. The patients were evaluated by the techniques proposed in this study before and after the surgical procedure for 12 months. In each analysis, the male sex hormonal profile, semen analysis, sperm functional integrity, and seminal lipid peroxidation levels were assessed. RESULTS The surgery resulted in BMI reduction and improvement in seminal characteristics and male sex hormone profile. The semen analysis showed increases in volume, sperm progressive motility, and in sperm morphology and a decrease in immotile sperms. Sperm mitochondrial activity and sperm DNA integrity were improved, and the levels of seminal lipid peroxidation were decreased. The hormonal profile showed lower levels of estradiol and highest levels of luteinizing hormone (LH), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and testosterone. CONCLUSION BMI changes resulting from this treatment and its metabolic consequences can be associated with changes in the male fertile potential, leading to an improvement in the seminal quality, male sex hormone profile, sperm functional aspects, and levels of seminal lipid peroxidation, thus decreasing the testicular oxidative stress.
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Khan IM, Cao Z, Liu H, Khan A, Rahman SU, Khan MZ, Sathanawongs A, Zhang Y. Impact of Cryopreservation on Spermatozoa Freeze-Thawed Traits and Relevance OMICS to Assess Sperm Cryo-Tolerance in Farm Animals. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:609180. [PMID: 33718466 PMCID: PMC7947673 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.609180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm cryopreservation is a powerful tool for the livestock breeding program. Several technical attempts have been made to enhance the efficiency of spermatozoa cryopreservation in different farm animal species. However, it is well-recognized that mammalian spermatozoa are susceptible to cryo-injury caused by cryopreservation processes. Moreover, the factors leading to cryo-injuries are complicated, and the cryo-damage mechanism has not been methodically explained until now, which directly influences the quality of frozen–thawed spermatozoa. Currently, the various OMICS technologies in sperm cryo-biology have been conducted, particularly proteomics and transcriptomics studies. It has contributed while exploring the molecular alterations caused by cryopreservation, identification of various freezability markers and specific proteins that could be added to semen diluents before cryopreservation to improve sperm cryo-survival. Therefore, understanding the cryo-injury mechanism of spermatozoa is essential for the optimization of current cryopreservation processes. Recently, the application of newly-emerged proteomics and transcriptomics technologies to study the effects of cryopreservation on sperm is becoming a hotspot. This review detailed an updated overview of OMICS elements involved in sperm cryo-tolerance and freeze-thawed quality. While also detailed a mechanism of sperm cryo-injury and utilizing OMICS technology that assesses the sperm freezability potential biomarkers as well as the accurate classification between the excellent and poor freezer breeding candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrar Muhammad Khan
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zubing Cao
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Adnan Khan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agriculture Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sajid Ur Rahman
- Key Laboratory of Animal Parasitology of Ministry of Agriculture, Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Animal Products on Biohazards (Shanghai) of Ministry of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agriculture University, Beijing, China
| | - Anucha Sathanawongs
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences and Veterinary Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Yunhai Zhang
- Anhui Provincial Laboratory of Local Livestock and Poultry Genetical Resource Conservation and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Fathi A, Mohamed O, Mahmoud O, Alsagheer GA, Reyad AM, Abolyosr A, Abdel-Kader MS, Saber-Khalaf M. The impact of varicocelectomy on sperm DNA fragmentation and pregnancy rate in subfertile men with normal semen parameters: A pilot study. Arab J Urol 2021; 19:186-190. [PMID: 34104495 PMCID: PMC8158247 DOI: 10.1080/2090598x.2021.1889746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the outcome of microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy on sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and pregnancy rate in men with normal semen parameters. Patients and methods: A pilot study that included male patients with a minimum of a 1-year history of male subfertility, normal semen parameters, a high percentage of SDF, and clinically palpable varicoceles. Microscopic subinguinal varicocelectomy was carried out for 45 patients (study group), while 40 patients had no intervention (control group). Semen analysis and SDF were measured before and at 6 months after the varicocelectomy. The pregnancy rate was assessed at the 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Results: Between July 2014 and January 2019, 85 subfertile men were included in the study and completed 12 months of follow-up. The two groups were comparable in terms of their age, body mass index, infertility duration, infertility type, varicoceles laterality, and varicoceles grade (P values = 0.84, 0.34. 0.35, 1, 0.39, and 0.46, respectively). At 6 months after varicocelectomy, the mean SDF was reduced in both groups, and this reduction was statistically higher in the varicocelectomy group (P < 0.001). After 1-year, spontaneous pregnancy was achieved in 62% of the patients in the varicocelectomy group compared to 30% in the control group (P = 0.009). Conclusion: Varicocelectomy has a positive impact on SDF and spontaneous pregnancy in infertile men with clinically palpable varicoceles and normal semen parameters. Abbreviations: BMI: body mass index; DFI: DNA fragmentation Index; SDF: sperm DNA fragmentation
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Affiliation(s)
- Atef Fathi
- Department of Urology, Qena Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qina, Egypt
| | - Omar Mohamed
- Department of Urology, Qena Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qina, Egypt
| | - Osama Mahmoud
- Department of Urology, Qena Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qina, Egypt
| | - Gamal A Alsagheer
- Department of Urology, Qena Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qina, Egypt
| | - A M Reyad
- Department of Urology, Sohag University Hospital, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abolyosr
- Department of Urology, Qena Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qina, Egypt
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Zeng F, Chen Y, Guo C, Li C, Wei H, Li L, Meng L, Zhang S. Analysis of differentially abundant proteins related to boar fertility in seminal plasma using iTRAQ-based quantitative proteomics. J Proteomics 2021; 236:104120. [PMID: 33540064 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Animal fertility is one of the most important characteristics for the livestock breeding industry. Conventional semen analysis provides basic information on sperm quality, but the predictive value of such analysis with regard to fertility remains questionable. Therefore, it is important to determine and predict male fertility more accurately in the clinic. To identify seminal plasma proteins involved in fertility, isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) and liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (quantitative proteomic analysis) were used to identify differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) in seminal plasma between high- and low-reproductive-efficiency Landrace boars. A total of 141 DAPs were identified, of which 125 upregulated and 16 downregulated proteins were subjected to bioinformatics analysis. These DAPs were found to be mainly involved in proteolysis, ATP binding, and energy metabolism. We investigated the relevance of three DAPs-ceruloplasmin, carboxypeptidase E (CPE), and serpin family A member 12 (SERPINA12)-in an in vitro fertility assay. This assay revealed that the inhibition of these proteins with antibodies can reduce or increase the fertilization rate. These results indicate possible biomarkers for the selection of high-fertility boars and provide a theoretical basis for the use of protein biomarkers in the livestock breeding industry. SIGNIFICANCE: Our study identified differentially abundant proteins in the seminal plasma of high-reproductive-efficiency and low-reproductive-efficiency Landrace boars. These proteins may be used as biomarkers to screen out high-fertility boars. The study can provide not only a new method for improving the effects of artificial insemination and reproductive efficiency of boars but also an important reference for boar breeding. Meanwhile, because pigs and humans have similar physiological parameters and organ sizes, our findings can also serve as a reference for human reproduction research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanwen Zeng
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industryg, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yuming Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industryg, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; Guangdong Kaiping Guangsanbao Pig Industry Co., Ltd, Jiangmen 529300, China
| | - Conghui Guo
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industryg, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Chengde Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industryg, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hengxi Wei
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industryg, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Li Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industryg, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Li Meng
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industryg, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Shouquan Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Breeding Swine Industryg, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Agro-animal Genomics and Molecular Breeding, College of Animal Science of South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Kavoussi PK, Abdullah N, Gilkey MS, Hunn C, Machen GL, Chen SH, Kavoussi KM, Esqueda A, Wininger JD, Kavoussi SK. The impact of ipsilateral testicular atrophy on semen quality and sperm DNA fragmentation response to varicocele repair. Asian J Androl 2021; 23:146-149. [PMID: 32930104 PMCID: PMC7991813 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_50_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Varicoceles adversely impact semen quality and sperm DNA fragmentation, which typically improve with surgical repair. Some men with varicoceles have ipsilateral testicular atrophy due to damage from the varicocele. This study assessed semen quality and the sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI) response to varicocele repair in men with ipsilateral testicular atrophy (TA) versus men with no testicular atrophy (NTA). Semen parameter values and DFI in both groups were compared preoperatively and postoperatively. The Mann–Whitney U test and the Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used where appropriate. There were 20 men in the TA group and 121 men in the NTA group with no difference in age, varicocele grade, or preoperative semen parameter values between the two groups. The NTA group had a higher preoperative DFI than the TA group. Both groups showed improvement in semen quality postoperatively, only the TA group showed a significant improvement in DFI, whereas the NTA group showed significant improvements in several parameter values and DFI. The change from preoperative to postoperative parameter values when comparing the two groups revealed a difference in total sperm motile count and DFI, with a larger mean improvement in the NTA group than in the TA group. Both TA and NTA groups showed improved semen quality and DFI after varicocele repair, but the NTA group had more improvement than the TA group. However, only total motile count (TMC) and DFI had a significantly greater mean change in preoperative to postoperative response in the NTA group than in the TA group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz K Kavoussi
- Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, 300 Beardsley Lane, Building B, Suite 200, Austin, TX 78746, USA
| | - Natasha Abdullah
- Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, 300 Beardsley Lane, Building B, Suite 200, Austin, TX 78746, USA
| | - Melissa S Gilkey
- Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, 300 Beardsley Lane, Building B, Suite 200, Austin, TX 78746, USA
| | - Caitlin Hunn
- Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, 300 Beardsley Lane, Building B, Suite 200, Austin, TX 78746, USA
| | - G Luke Machen
- Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, 300 Beardsley Lane, Building B, Suite 200, Austin, TX 78746, USA
| | - Shu-Hung Chen
- Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, 300 Beardsley Lane, Building B, Suite 200, Austin, TX 78746, USA
| | - Keikhosrow M Kavoussi
- Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, 300 Beardsley Lane, Building B, Suite 200, Austin, TX 78746, USA
| | - Amy Esqueda
- Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, 300 Beardsley Lane, Building B, Suite 200, Austin, TX 78746, USA
| | - J David Wininger
- Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, 300 Beardsley Lane, Building B, Suite 200, Austin, TX 78746, USA
| | - Shahryar K Kavoussi
- Austin Fertility and Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, 300 Beardsley Lane, Building B, Suite 200, Austin, TX 78746, USA
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31
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Farag NA, Mohamed AS, El Sayed HF, Salah EL-Din EY, Tawfik ARA. Echinochrome Pigment Improves Male Rats' Fertility. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/2210315510999201116205519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background::
Infertility is the first-rate public health trouble affecting one in five married couples globally, male causes embody a significant proportion. Natural products could be an alternative or complementary inexpensive treatment for such matters. Echinochrome (Ech) is a natural quinone pigment obtained from sea urchin, and it was confirmed to possess many pharmacological properties due to its chemical activity.
Objective::
The current research paper was targeted to evaluate the potential effects of Ech on male fertility, and to highlight the possible involved mechanisms.
Methods::
Eighteen adult male rats were randomly distributed into three groups: control (1 ml of 2% DMSO, p.o.), low dose Ech (0.1 mg/kg, p.o.), and high dose Ech (1 mg/kg p.o.).
Results::
The high dose Ech caused a significant decline in the levels of glucose, ALT, AST, ALP, urea, Cr, uric acid, TG, TC and LDL-C and testicular tissue MDA, while it caused a significant rise in the levels of albumin, TP, HDL-C, FSH, LH, testosterone and testicular tissue GSH activity. Moreover, it showed a significant positive effect on the testis weight, caudal epididymis weight, sperm count, sperm motility, sperm morphology, fructose concentration, and α-glucosidase activity. However, no significant changes were observed in histological examination of testicular tissue among all groups.
Conclusion::
High dose Ech improved male rat-fertility either directly by activating the pituitary gonadal axis, and or indirectly via enhancing: the renal and hepatic functions, the lipid profile and or the antioxidant pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neveen Asmet Farag
- Comparative Anatomy and Embryology- Zoology Department - Faculty of Science - Cairo University-, Egypt
| | - Ayman S Mohamed
- Lecturer of Physiology- Zoology Department - Faculty of Science - Cairo University-12613, Giza,, Egypt
| | | | - Eman Y. Salah EL-Din
- Lecturer of Comparative Anatomy and Embryology- Zoology Department - Faculty of Science - Cairo University;, Egypt
| | - Abdel Rahman A. Tawfik
- Comparative Anatomy and Embryology- Zoology Department - Faculty of Science - Cairo University-, Egypt
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Agarwal A, Majzoub A, Baskaran S, Panner Selvam MK, Cho CL, Henkel R, Finelli R, Leisegang K, Sengupta P, Barbarosie C, Parekh N, Alves MG, Ko E, Arafa M, Tadros N, Ramasamy R, Kavoussi P, Ambar R, Kuchakulla M, Robert KA, Iovine C, Durairajanayagam D, Jindal S, Shah R. Sperm DNA Fragmentation: A New Guideline for Clinicians. World J Mens Health 2020; 38:412-471. [PMID: 32777871 PMCID: PMC7502318 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.200128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm DNA integrity is crucial for fertilization and development of healthy offspring. The spermatozoon undergoes extensive molecular remodeling of its nucleus during later phases of spermatogenesis, which imparts compaction and protects the genetic content. Testicular (defective maturation and abortive apoptosis) and post-testicular (oxidative stress) mechanisms are implicated in the etiology of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), which affects both natural and assisted reproduction. Several clinical and environmental factors are known to negatively impact sperm DNA integrity. An increasing number of reports emphasizes the direct relationship between sperm DNA damage and male infertility. Currently, several assays are available to assess sperm DNA damage, however, routine assessment of SDF in clinical practice is not recommended by professional organizations. This article provides an overview of SDF types, origin and comparative analysis of various SDF assays while primarily focusing on the clinical indications of SDF testing. Importantly, we report four clinical cases where SDF testing had played a significant role in improving fertility outcome. In light of these clinical case reports and recent scientific evidence, this review provides expert recommendations on SDF testing and examines the advantages and drawbacks of the clinical utility of SDF testing using Strength-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Ahmad Majzoub
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Chak Lam Cho
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital, Hong Kong
- S. H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ralf Henkel
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kristian Leisegang
- School of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia
| | - Catalina Barbarosie
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Neel Parekh
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology & Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Edmund Ko
- Department of Urology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Mohamed Arafa
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Andrology Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nicholas Tadros
- Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | | | - Parviz Kavoussi
- Austin Fertility & Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Rafael Ambar
- Urology Department of Centro Universitario em Saude do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | | | - Kathy Amy Robert
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Concetta Iovine
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | | | - Sunil Jindal
- Department of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Jindal Hospital, Meerut, India
| | - Rupin Shah
- Department of Urology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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Increased Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Infertile Men with Varicocele: Relationship with Apoptosis, Seminal Oxidative Stress, and Spermatic Parameters. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:909-919. [PMID: 32909188 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00311-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
This study intends to determine the extent of nuclear sperm injury in patients with varicocele and to investigate its relationship with apoptosis and oxidative stress (OS). Ejaculated sperm samples from 51 patients diagnosed with varicocele and 29 fertile men were examined. According to the guidelines, the patient's sperm samples were classified into varicocele with normal semen parameters (n = 11) and varicocele with abnormal semen parameters (n = 40). Sperm DNA fragmentation was assessed using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay. The proportion of both viable and dead spermatozoa with externalized phosphatidylserine (PS) was detected by the bivariate annexin V/6-CFDA staining method. Seminal malondialdehyde (MDA) amounts and antioxidant enzymes activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were measured spectrophotometrically. Sperm DNA fragmentation, viable spermatozoa with externalized PS, and MDA levels were significantly higher in studied subgroups of patients with varicocele, either with normal or with abnormal semen parameters than controls. The seminal antioxidant enzymes activities were significantly reduced in both subgroups of patients with varicocele compared to the controls. The percentage of spermatozoa with fragmented DNA was positively correlated to the MDA level as well as the proportion of viable spermatozoa with externalized PS. However, the decreased seminal antioxidant status was negatively correlated with the increased proportion of sperm DNA fragmentation and apoptotic spermatozoa. Impaired seminal antioxidant profile and increased seminal level of lipid peroxidation may be involved in the pathophysiological mechanisms of cell death-mediated DNA breaks in patients with varicocele.
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Sperm DNA status in infertile patients with clinical varicocele. Prog Urol 2020; 31:105-111. [PMID: 32826197 DOI: 10.1016/j.purol.2020.07.241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate if a potential relationship exists between sperm nuclear DNA damage and clinical varicocele and to determine the impact of clinical varicocele on standard semen parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective study involving 30 infertile patients with clinical varicocele and 15 controls patients referred to our laboratory for routine spermiological exploration. Spermograms were performed and analyzed according to World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines 2010. The DNA fragmentation was detected by the terminal desoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay. RESULTS The DNA fragmentation index (DFI) was significantly higher in patients with clinical varicocele compared to controls (13.3±3.4% versus 6.1±2.5%, P=0.0001). In addition, the DFI was positively and significantly correlated with the degree of severity of varicocele thus the DFI was 15.24±1.9% in patients with grade 3 versus 12.92±3.5% in those with grade 2(P<0.0001). However, an abnormality of at least one of the spermatic parameters was found in 90% of varicocele patients, and all semen characteristics such as sperm count, vitality, mobility and typical forms were decreased compared to the controls. Furthermore, statistically significant negative correlations were noted between sperm DNA fragmentation index and sperm concentration (P=0.0001), motility (P=0.03), and normal sperm morphology (P=0.03). CONCLUSION Clinical varicocele generates a significant increase of sperm abnormalities and DNA damage, and these changes are positively correlated with varicocele grade. Sperm DNA damage independent of its cause, may affect the quality of the ejaculated sperm and may have implications on patient's fertility potential. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3.
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35
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Sharma R, Iovine C, Agarwal A, Henkel R. TUNEL assay-Standardized method for testing sperm DNA fragmentation. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13738. [PMID: 32706440 DOI: 10.1111/and.13738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm DNA integrity is important for normal functions such as fertilization, implantation, pregnancy and fetal development. Sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) is more common in infertile men and may be responsible for poor reproductive function. Although there are a number of tests available to measure SDF, the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate-nick end labelling TUNEL) assay using flow cytometry is becoming more popular to measure the sperm DNA fragmentation. It is a direct test that measures both single- and double- DNA strand breaks. In this review, we describe the protocol, quality control and measurement of sperm DNA fragmentation using a benchtop flow cytometer. We also briefly discuss the factors that can affect the results, challenges and clinical implications of TUNEL in assessing male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Sharma
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Concetta Iovine
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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36
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Santana VP, James ER, Miranda-Furtado CL, Souza MFD, Pompeu CP, Esteves SC, Carrell DT, Aston KI, Jenkins TG, Reis RMD. Differential DNA methylation pattern and sperm quality in men with varicocele. Fertil Steril 2020; 114:770-778. [PMID: 32709382 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2020.04.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study the global DNA methylation pattern in spermatozoa of patients with varicocele as well as investigate their semen quality. DESIGN Prospective observational case-control study. SETTING University-affiliated hospital. PATIENT(S) A total of 26 men with varicocele and 26 fertile men without the disorder. INTERVENTIONS Analysis of semen quality and sperm DNA methylation patterns. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Semen quality evaluated by semen analysis, and sperm DNA methylation patterns investigated using the Infinium MethylationEPIC BeadChip platform. RESULT(S) Men with varicocele displayed decreased semen quality. The sperm DNA methylation analysis showed that men with varicocele exhibit global hypomethylation in comparison with the control group. A total of 59 differentially methylated CpG sites were identified, most of them hypomethylated in the varicocele group. In regional analyses, 1,695 DNA regions were differentially methylated in men with varicocele. These regions show associations with gamete generation, meiotic and meiosis cell cycle, and semen quality based on gene ontology analysis. CONCLUSION(S) Gene ontology results suggest that changes in methylation may be associated with the low semen quality phenotype observed in some varicocele patients because the observed differentially methylated regions in varicocele patients are related to male reproductive pathways. Additionally, the varicocele grade may influence the magnitude of global sperm DNA methylation change. To our knowledge, this is the first report analyzing changes at a regional or CpG-specific level in men with varicocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviane Paiva Santana
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emma Rae James
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Cristiana Libardi Miranda-Furtado
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Drug Research and Development Center, Postgraduate Program in Medical and Surgical Sciences, Federal University of Ceara, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Mateus Felipe de Souza
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Douglas T Carrell
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Kenneth Ivan Aston
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Timothy Gerald Jenkins
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah; Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah
| | - Rosana Maria Dos Reis
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Ribeirao Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
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A Novel Combination of γ-Tocopherol-Rich Mixture of Tocopherols and Ascorbic Acid Restores Fertility in Cases of Tyrosine Nitration-Associated Male Infertility in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9070613. [PMID: 32668798 PMCID: PMC7402129 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9070613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Infertility is an important health problem that affects up to 16% of couples worldwide. Male infertility is responsible for 50% of the cases. Currently, a physical examination, hormone profiling and the evaluation of two consecutive semen samples (to determine the sperm concentration, motility, morphology and, in very few cases, sperm DNA integrity) are the sole tools that physicians have to evaluate infertility in men. Antioxidant therapy is often used to improve sperm quality and function in infertile men. However, there are controversial results regarding the efficacy of these treatments. Prdx6-/- male mice are subfertile, displaying significant oxidative damage in the lipids, proteins and DNA of their spermatozoa. Here, we used Prdx6-/- male mice to test whether a novel combination of tocopherols that contained 60% γ-tocopherol and ascorbic acid could restore their fertility. These mice were fed with the supplemented (Vit. Mix) or control diets. To assess sperm quality, we determined the motility, levels of lipid peroxidation, DNA oxidation and tyrosine nitration in the spermatozoa. The number of pups sired by the Prdx6-/- mice fed with the Vit. Mix diet was higher than that sired by the males fed with the control diet, and the pups' mortality was lower. The sperm quality was improved in the males fed with the supplemented diet. We concluded that treatment with a supplement composed of tocopherols and rich in γ-tocopherol and ascorbic acid is effective in restoring fertility in cases where oxidative stress and high levels of tyrosine nitration are associated with male infertility.
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38
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Panner Selvam MK, Baskaran S, Agarwal A, Henkel R. Protein profiling in unlocking the basis of varicocele-associated infertility. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13645. [PMID: 32453911 DOI: 10.1111/and.13645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Varicocele is one of the major causes of male infertility and has a negative impact on spermatogenesis. The conventional semen analysis does not reveal the underlying subcellular mechanisms associated with defects in spermatozoa. Proteomics and bioinformatics analysis can be used to identify the molecular aetiologies associated with poor semen quality in varicocele patients. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been identified as the main factor affecting normal physiological functions of spermatozoa. This article discusses the proteomic studies of spermatozoa and seminal plasma in varicocele patients. Proteomics can identify potential spermatozoa and seminal plasma biomarkers in varicocele-mediated male infertility. In future, these protein biomarkers can be useful in the development of noninvasive diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for varicocele patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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39
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Testosterone amplifies HSP70-2a, HSP90 and PCNA expression in experimental varicocele condition: Implication for DNA fragmentation. Reprod Biol 2020; 20:384-395. [PMID: 32461192 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The DNA fragmentation and failure in post-meiotic maturation of the spermatozoa because of testosterone withdrawal can affect the fertilization potential in varicocele (VCL) patients. To find out the exact mechanism of VCL-induced failure in histone-protamine replacement process and DNA fragmentation, the correlations between the levels of expression of HSP70-2a, HSP90, PCNA, TP1/2 and PCNA genes and the patterns of DNA methylation were investigated before and after testosterone administration in rats. In total, 40 mature male Wistar rats (10 in each group) were assigned between control (with no intervention), control-sham (undergone a simple laparotomy), VCL-induced (VCL-sole), and testosterone-treated VCL-induced (VCLT) groups. The HSP70-2a, HSP90, PCNA, TP1, and TP2 genes expressions and the patterns of global DNA methylation were determined in all groups. A statistically significant (p < 0.05) reduction were found in the HSP70-2a, HSP90, PCNA, TP1 and TP2 genes expressions in VCL-sole group. In VCLT group, testosterone was shown to significantly (p < 0.05) up-regulate the HSP70-2a, HSP90, PCNA, and TP2expression levels, but TP1 expression has not been changed. Furthermore, the VCLT group exhibited higher DNA methylation rates compared to VCL-sole animals. In conclusion, testosterone, by up-regulating the HSP70-2a and HSP90 expressions and maintaining the pre-existing HSP70-2a and HSP90 proteins levels, may be the reason for the significant increment in TP2 expression during post-meiotic stage and can boost the global methylation rates of DNA via up-regulating the PCNA expression, suggesting that administration of testosterone can mitigate the VCL-impaired histone-protamine replacement and DNA methylation rates and protect the cellular DNA content from VCL-induced oxidative stress.
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40
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Dave P, Farber N, Vij S. Conventional semen analysis and advanced sperm function tests in diagnosis and management of varicocele. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13629. [PMID: 32369238 DOI: 10.1111/and.13629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Clinical varicoceles are a common cause of male infertility and affect sperm parameters as measured in a conventional semen analysis. Varicocelectomy has been shown in prospective studies to improve semen parameters in men with a clinical varicocele. Clinical varicoceles are also a well-known source of oxidative stress which may affect the quality of spermatozoa. Spermatozoa are particularly susceptible to oxidative stress due to a limited capacity for DNA repair. The susceptibility of spermatozoa to oxidative stress is modulated by a balance between ROS and antioxidants, which can be quantified by various laboratory assays. Varicocelectomy has been consistently shown to reduce both ROS and sperm DNA fragmentation, and various assays should be utilised in the diagnosis and treatment of infertile men with a clinical varicocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Dave
- Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA
| | - Nicholas Farber
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sarah Vij
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Glickman Urological & Kidney Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
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41
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Kamal HM, El-Fallah AA, Abdelbaki SA, Khalil MM, Kamal MM, Behiry EG. Association between seminal granulysin and malondialdehyde in infertile men with varicocele and the potential effect of varicocelectomy. Andrologia 2020; 52:e13579. [PMID: 32271478 DOI: 10.1111/and.13579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the seminal plasma granulysin and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in patients suffering from varicocele-associated infertility prior to and after varicocelectomy. This study was conducted on 34 infertile men with varicocele (group A) and same patients after varicocelectomy (group B) and 32 fertile normozoospermic males (group C). A detailed history taking, clinical examination, scrotal doppler ultrasound for varicocele diagnosis and grading, semen analysis and estimation of seminal granulysin and MDA before and after varicocelectomy were done to all participants. The mean (SD) granulysin and MDA levels in patients with varicocele were higher than in controls with highly significant differences. Post-operatively, there was a significant reduction in mean (SD) granulysin and in MDA level. Basal seminal granulysin positively correlated with basal seminal MDA, abnormal forms and negatively correlated with basal sperm count, concentration, and progressive motility. The receiver operating characteristic curve of seminal granulysin and MDA levels were conducted for discrimination between infertility cases with varicocele and control groups. Excellent AUCs were found for both markers (AUC = 0.971, 0.991 respectively). We concluded that high levels of granulysin and MDA in the semen of infertile males with varicocele negatively impact their spermatogenesis. Varicocelectomy leads to the improvement of semen parameters and significantly decreases seminal plasma granulysin and MDA levels. Hence, seminal granulysin and MDA could be used as a prognostic test in infertile patients with varicocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Howyda M Kamal
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Asmaa A El-Fallah
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | | | - Mostafa M Khalil
- Urology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Mai M Kamal
- M.B.B.CH. Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
| | - Eman G Behiry
- Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha, Egypt
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42
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Reactive Oxygen Species and Male Fertility. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040287. [PMID: 32235383 PMCID: PMC7222198 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Human infertility affects ~15% of couples worldwide, and it is now recognized that in half of these cases, the causes of infertility can be traced to men[...].
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43
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Abstract
Significance: Spermatozoa are very sensitive to high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to the limited antioxidant systems present in these terminal cells. However, tight regulation of ROS levels must be ensured to accomplish the unique goal of the spermatozoon, that is, the transfer of the paternal genome into the mature oocyte during the fertilization process. Thus, it is essential that the restricted antioxidant enzymatic systems are active for sperm function. Recent Advances: Oxidative stress is associated with low sperm quality. High levels of ROS in spermatozoa produce oxidation of lipids, proteins, and DNA that lead to lipid peroxidation, oxidation of essential structural proteins and enzymes, and mutations due to oxidation of DNA. Critical Issues: In this study, we described the available knockout mouse models that helped to better understand the role of different antioxidant enzymes in male fertility. We focused mainly on those studies that directly explore the effects of the lack of these enzymes in male fertility and included information when existing knockout mouse models produced for other purposes were used. Special attention was given in this review to the consequences of the absence of antioxidant enzymes on sperm quality and fertility of aging males from the knockout models. Future Directions: Further studies using novel mouse models lacking different antioxidants and their combinations are essential to understand the consequences of high levels of ROS in aging testes, epididymes, spermatozoa, and embryo development to produce a healthy baby.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonora Scarlata
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,The Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Cristian O'Flaherty
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,The Research Institute, McGill University Health Centre, Montréal, Québec, Canada.,Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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44
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Long-Term Adverse Effects of Oxidative Stress on Rat Epididymis and Spermatozoa. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9020170. [PMID: 32093059 PMCID: PMC7070312 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9020170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is a common culprit of several conditions associated with male fertility. High levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) promote impairment of sperm quality mainly by decreasing motility and increasing the levels of DNA oxidation. Oxidative stress is a common feature of environmental pollutants, chemotherapy and other chemicals, smoke, toxins, radiation, and diseases that can have negative effects on fertility. Peroxiredoxins (PRDXs) are antioxidant enzymes associated with the protection of mammalian spermatozoa against oxidative stress and the regulation of sperm viability and capacitation. In the present study, we aimed to determine the long-term effects of oxidative stress in the testis, epididymis and spermatozoa using the rat model. Adult male rats were treated with tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) or saline (control group), and reproductive organs and spermatozoa were collected at 3, 6, and 9 weeks after the end of treatment. We determined sperm DNA oxidation and motility, and levels of lipid peroxidation and protein expression of antioxidant enzymes in epididymis and testis. We observed that cauda epididymal spermatozoa displayed low motility and high DNA oxidation levels at all times. Lipid peroxidation was higher in caput and cauda epididymis of treated rats at 3 and 6 weeks but was similar to control levels at 9 weeks. PRDX6 was upregulated in the epididymis due to t-BHP; PRDX1 and catalase, although not significant, followed similar trend of increase. Testis of treated rats did not show signs of oxidative stress nor upregulation of antioxidant enzymes. We concluded that t-BHP-dependent oxidative stress promoted long-term changes in the epididymis and maturing spermatozoa that result in the impairment of sperm quality.
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45
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Lara-Cerrillo S, Gual-Frau J, Benet J, Abad C, Prats J, Amengual MJ, Ribas-Maynou J, García-Peiró A. Microsurgical varicocelectomy effect on sperm telomere length, DNA fragmentation and seminal parameters. HUM FERTIL 2020; 25:135-141. [PMID: 31916507 DOI: 10.1080/14647273.2019.1711204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Varicocele is one of the main causes of male infertility and microsurgical varicocelectomy (MV) seems to be the best procedure for its repair and to reduce testicular oxidative stress (ROS). As ROS causes guanine modifications, we postulated that DNA damage could be more intense in telomeres due to their G-rich nature. We studied the effect of MV on sperm telomere length (TL), single- and double-strand DNA fragmentation (ssSDF and dsSDF) and seminal parameters. Sperm telomeres from 12 fertile donors and 20 varicocele patients before and nine months after MV were labelled using FITC-PNA qFISH (a new method to obtain absolute TL from relative fluorescence intensity using FITC-fluorescent spheres). Both ssSDF and dsSDF were analysed using the alkaline and neutral Comet assays, respectively. The results showed that varicocele and MV had no effect on TL. Seminal parameters, ssSDF and dsSDF of varicocele patients were altered. Although these parameters improved after MV, values did not reach those seen in fertile donors. A good estimation of absolute TL was developed based on FITC-fluorescent spheres. The results showed that TL is not affected by varicocele or surgery. However, MV is able to partially reduce altered seminal parameters, ssSDF and dsSDF values in varicocele patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Josep Gual-Frau
- Servei d'Urologia, Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Institut Universitari Parc Taulí - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Jordi Benet
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular i Genètica Mèdica, Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Carlos Abad
- Servei d'Urologia, Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Institut Universitari Parc Taulí - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Juan Prats
- Servei d'Urologia, Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Institut Universitari Parc Taulí - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain
| | - María José Amengual
- Centre Diagnòstic UDIAT, Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Institut Universitari Parc Taulí - UAB, Sabadell, Spain
| | - Jordi Ribas-Maynou
- Unitat de Biologia Cel·lular i Genètica Mèdica, Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
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46
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Polymorphisms of sperm protamine genes and CMA3 staining in infertile men with varicocele. Rev Int Androl 2020; 18:7-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.androl.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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47
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Rezaei-Agdam H, Moshari S, Nahari E, Minas A, Daliri Z, Hallaj M, Razi M. Zeta and hyaluronic acid assessments, novel sperm selection procedures, in animal model for male infertility. Andrologia 2019; 51:e13447. [PMID: 31617612 DOI: 10.1111/and.13447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Considering varicocele (VCL)-induced severe, progressive DNA damage, histone-protamine anomalies and low sperm production, in the current study, the experimental VCL was induced and the efficiency of hyaluronic acid (HA)-binding method (HABM) and zeta preparation procedure (ZPP) in selection of appropriate spermatozoa was compared with those spermatozoa from intact animals. Following 2 and 4 months, the histological alterations in testicular tissue, sperm count and viability were assessed to prove the VCL condition. The spermatozoa were undergone simple wash, HABM and ZPP. The chromatin condensation, active caspase-3 expression, DNA fragmentation and apoptosis index were analysed after applying selection techniques and compared with the spermatozoa from intact and VCL-induced animals, which were undergone a simple wash. Observations showed that both HABM and ZPP effectively prepared the spermatozoa with higher chromatin condensation and lower DNA damage. Meanwhile, the ZPP exerted a more preferable effect by preparing the spermatozoa with higher chromatin condensation, and lower caspase-3 expression, and DNA disintegrity versus the HABM, especially after 4 months. In conclusion, ZPP seems to exert much more reliable efficiency in selecting appropriate spermatozoa for ICSI processes, while more studies are needed to find out which one is more useful in the clinical assisted reproductive technique (ART) process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Rezaei-Agdam
- Molecular and Genetic Division, Rasta Diagnostic and Research Center, Urmia, Iran
| | - Sana Moshari
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Elaheh Nahari
- Molecular and Genetic Division, Rasta Diagnostic and Research Center, Urmia, Iran
| | - Aram Minas
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Zeynab Daliri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic AZAD University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Hallaj
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Mazdak Razi
- Division of Histology and Embryology, Department of Basic Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
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48
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Tesarik J. Acquired Sperm DNA Modifications: Causes, Consequences, and Potential Solutions. EUROPEAN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.33590/emj/10312990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA of human spermatozoa can be subject to various kinds of modifications acquired throughout life. Put simply, two basic types of acquired sperm DNA modifications can be distinguished: genetic and epigenetic. Genetic modifications cause alterations of the DNA sequence and mainly result from the formation of breakpoints leading to sperm DNA fragmentation. Epigenetic modifications include a vast spectrum of events that influence the expression of different genes without altering their DNA sequence. Both the genetic and the epigenetic modifications of sperm DNA can negatively influence embryonic development, cause miscarriages, and be the origin of different health problems for the offspring. As to sperm DNA fragmentation, reliable diagnostic methods are currently available. On the other hand, the detection of potentially harmful epigenetic modifications in spermatozoa is a much more complicated issue. Different treatment options can be chosen to solve problems associated with sperm DNA fragmentation. Some are relatively simple and noninvasive, based on oral treatments with antioxidants and other agents, depending on the underlying cause. In other cases, the recourse to different micromanipulation-assisted in vitro fertilisation techniques is necessary to select spermatozoa with minimal DNA damage to be injected into oocytes. The treatment of cases with epigenetic DNA modifications is still under investigation. Preliminary data suggest that some of the techniques used in cases of extensive DNA fragmentation can also be of help in those of epigenetic modifications; however, further progress will depend on the availability of more reliable diagnostic methods with which it will be possible to evaluate the effects of different therapeutic interventions.
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49
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Kavoussi PK, Hunn C, Gilkey MS, Chen SH, Kavoussi KM, Wininger JD, Kavoussi SK. Sertoli cell only syndrome induced by a varicocele. Transl Androl Urol 2019; 8:405-408. [PMID: 31555565 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2019.06.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
A case is reported which describes the severity of testicular histological damage that can be induced by a high-grade varicocele in a male with secondary infertility. A chart review of a patient's case was performed. A 34-year-old male with a three-and-a-half-year-old son who was conceived spontaneously with timed intercourse, with a grade three left varicocele, who's semen parameters progressed to non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA). He did not regain sperm in the ejaculate three or six months post left subinguinal microsurgical varicocele repair. He underwent bilateral microdissection testicular sperm extraction (microTESE) without identification of sperm in the testicular samples. A testicular biopsy from the time of microTESE revealed a Sertoli cell only pattern. A high-grade varicocele has the potential to induce sufficient testicular damage to result in the most severe testicular histological architecture associated with non-obstructive azoospermia (NOA), Sertoli cell only syndrome (SCOS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Parviz K Kavoussi
- Austin Fertility & Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Caitlin Hunn
- Austin Fertility & Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Melissa S Gilkey
- Austin Fertility & Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Shu-Hung Chen
- Austin Fertility & Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, Austin, TX, USA
| | | | - J David Wininger
- Austin Fertility & Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, Austin, TX, USA
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50
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Panner Selvam MK, Agarwal A. Sperm and Seminal Plasma Proteomics: Molecular Changes Associated with Varicocele-Mediated Male Infertility. World J Mens Health 2019; 38:472-483. [PMID: 31385477 PMCID: PMC7502311 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.190018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Male infertility is a rising problem and the etiology at the molecular level is unclear. Use of omics has provided an insight into the underlying cellular changes in the spermatozoa of infertile men. Proteomics is one the promising omics techniques for biomarker screening that can provide complete information on molecular processes associated with male infertility. Varicocele is a pressing issue in the field of male infertility and the search for an appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic biomarker is still ongoing. In this review, we discuss the reports on proteomic profiles of sperm and seminal plasma in male infertility and provide an in-depth insight into varicocele studies associated with male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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