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Panner Selvam MK, Moharana AK, Baskaran S, Finelli R, Hudnall MC, Sikka SC. Current Updates on Involvement of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Semen Analysis. Medicina (Kaunas) 2024; 60:279. [PMID: 38399566 PMCID: PMC10890589 DOI: 10.3390/medicina60020279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Infertility rates and the number of couples undergoing reproductive care have both increased substantially during the last few decades. Semen analysis is a crucial step in both the diagnosis and the treatment of male infertility. The accuracy of semen analysis results remains quite poor despite years of practice and advancements. Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms, which can analyze and synthesize large amounts of data, can address the unique challenges involved in semen analysis due to the high objectivity of current methodologies. This review addresses recent AI advancements in semen analysis. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was performed in the PubMed database. Non-English articles and studies not related to humans were excluded. We extracted data related to AI algorithms or models used to evaluate semen parameters from the original studies, excluding abstracts, case reports, and meeting reports. Results: Of the 306 articles identified, 225 articles were rejected in the preliminary screening. The evaluation of the full texts of the remaining 81 publications resulted in the exclusion of another 48 articles, with a final inclusion of 33 original articles in this review. Conclusions: AI and machine learning are becoming increasingly popular in biomedical applications. The examination and selection of sperm by andrologists and embryologists may benefit greatly from using these algorithms. Furthermore, when bigger and more reliable datasets become accessible for training, these algorithms may improve over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manesh Kumar Panner Selvam
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (A.K.M.); (S.B.); (S.C.S.)
| | - Ajaya Kumar Moharana
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (A.K.M.); (S.B.); (S.C.S.)
- Redox Biology & Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack 753003, Odisha, India
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (A.K.M.); (S.B.); (S.C.S.)
| | | | | | - Suresh C. Sikka
- Department of Urology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (A.K.M.); (S.B.); (S.C.S.)
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Panner Selvam MK, Kapoor A, Baskaran S, Moharana AK, Sikka SC. A Scientometric Evaluation of COVID-19 and Male Reproductive Research. Clin Pract 2023; 13:1319-1330. [PMID: 37987419 PMCID: PMC10660474 DOI: 10.3390/clinpract13060118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic due to the SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus showed acute and prolonged effects on human health. In addition, over the past four years, there has been a tremendous surge in COVID-19-related scientific publications, as shown by bibliometric and scientometric studies. However, such analysis of the scientific literature is lacking in the area of male reproduction. The current scientometric study analyzes publication characteristics of articles related to male reproduction and COVID-19 infection. We used the Scopus database to analyze scientometric data (the number of publications, journals, countries, type of documents, and subject area) related to COVID-19 and male reproductive research. Our literature search identified 345 articles related to COVID-19 and male reproductive research. Most of the articles were published in the USA (n = 72), Italy (n = 55), and China (n = 51). Such research was mainly focused around medicine (57.1%), followed by biochemistry, genetics, and molecular biology (25.7%). Also, in the area of male reproduction, only 37.1% (n = 128) of the articles contributed towards original research, whereas 52.8% (n = 182) were review articles and editorials focusing more on sexual dysfunction than infertility. Such a small number of studies published on COVID-19-related effects on male reproduction warrants a significant increase in research, which is required to decipher the mechanism(s) underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection-associated impairment of male reproductive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manesh Kumar Panner Selvam
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (A.K.M.)
| | | | - Saradha Baskaran
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (A.K.M.)
| | - Ajaya Kumar Moharana
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (A.K.M.)
- Redox Biology & Proteomics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack 753003, Odisha, India
| | - Suresh C. Sikka
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (A.K.M.)
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Panner Selvam MK, Baskaran S, Tannenbaum J, Greenberg J, Shalaby HY, Hellstrom WJG, Sikka SC. Clomiphene Citrate in the Management of Infertility in Oligospermic Obese Men with Hypogonadism: Retrospective Pilot Study. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:1902. [PMID: 38003951 PMCID: PMC10673313 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59111902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Obesity is a significant risk factor for hypogonadism and infertility that is further associated with reduced semen quality. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of clomiphene citrate (CC), prescribed for treating infertility, on serum testosterone and semen parameters, particularly in oligospermic obese hypogonadal men. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis of data related to men (n = 53) who underwent CC treatment for infertility and hypogonadism (testosterone < 300 ng/dL) was performed. Patients with obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) and sperm concentration ≤ 15 × 106/mL were included for analysis. Results: The overall results showed that, in oligospermic obese men (n = 31), treatment with CC significantly improved baseline sperm concentration (4.5 ± 6.8 × 106/mL vs. 11.4 ± 15.5 × 106/mL, p < 0.05) and motility (31.5% ± 21.5% vs. 42.6% ± 14.7%, p < 0.05). Furthermore, subsequent examination of oligospermic hypogonadal obese men treated with CC (n = 13) revealed substantial improvements in baseline serum testosterone levels (193.8 ± 59.3 ng/dL vs. 332.7 ± 114.8 ng/dL, p < 0.05) along with an increase in sperm concentration, total motility, and normal morphology. Conclusions: The results of this retrospective study suggest that CC treatment not only improves chances of fertility outcomes by substantially improving semen parameters but also increases total serum testosterone levels in oligospermic obese men without any supplemental and expensive testosterone replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manesh Kumar Panner Selvam
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (H.Y.S.); (W.J.G.H.)
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (H.Y.S.); (W.J.G.H.)
| | - Jacob Tannenbaum
- School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Jacob Greenberg
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (H.Y.S.); (W.J.G.H.)
| | - Hosam Y. Shalaby
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (H.Y.S.); (W.J.G.H.)
| | - Wayne J. G. Hellstrom
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (H.Y.S.); (W.J.G.H.)
| | - Suresh C. Sikka
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA; (S.B.); (H.Y.S.); (W.J.G.H.)
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Panner Selvam MK, Baskaran S, O’Connell S, Almajed W, Hellstrom WJG, Sikka SC. Association between Seminal Oxidation-Reduction Potential and Sperm DNA Fragmentation-A Meta-Analysis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081563. [PMID: 36009282 PMCID: PMC9404741 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Seminal oxidative stress and sperm DNA damage are potential etiologies of male factor infertility. The present study aims to evaluate the relationship between oxidation-reduction potential (ORP), a measure of oxidative stress, and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant clinical data. A literature search was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The COVIDENCE tool was used to screen and identify studies evaluating seminal ORP and SDF. Studies (n = 7) that measured seminal ORP and SDF of 3491 semen samples were included in the analysis. The fixed-effects model revealed a significant pooled correlation coefficient (r = 0.24; p < 0.001) between seminal ORP and SDF. Furthermore, subgroup analyses indicated that the pooled correlation coefficient between ORP and sperm chromatin dispersion (SCD) assay was less than other SDF assays (0.23 vs. 0.29). There was a moderate level of heterogeneity (I2 = 42.27%) among the studies, indicating a lack of publication bias. This is the first meta-analysis to reveal a positive correlation between seminal ORP and SDF. Furthermore, this study indicates the role of oxidative stress in the development of sperm DNA damage and thus warrants prospectively exploring the clinical value of these sperm function tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manesh Kumar Panner Selvam
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Correspondence: (M.K.P.S.); (S.C.S.); Tel.: +1-(504)988-2754 (M.K.P.S.)
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Samantha O’Connell
- Office of Academic Affairs and Provost, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wael Almajed
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Wayne J. G. Hellstrom
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Suresh C. Sikka
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
- Correspondence: (M.K.P.S.); (S.C.S.); Tel.: +1-(504)988-2754 (M.K.P.S.)
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Arumugham MN, Gopinathan H, Sumithra M, Baskaran S, Kumar R, Kaviani S. New cobalt(III) complex with triethylenetetramine and 2,2′-bipyridine: synthesis, crystal structure, DNA interaction, hirshfeld surface, DFT analysis, and cytotoxicity. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2022.2059087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. N. Arumugham
- Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - H. Gopinathan
- Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M. Sumithra
- Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Baskaran
- Department of Chemistry, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Cheyyar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, MCM DAV College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sadegh Kaviani
- Research Cener for Modelling and Computational Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
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Panner Selvam MK, Baskaran S, Sikka SC. Telomere Signaling and Maintenance Pathways in Spermatozoa of Infertile Men Treated With Antioxidants: An in silico Approach Using Bioinformatic Analysis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:768510. [PMID: 34708049 PMCID: PMC8542908 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.768510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Telomere shortening is considered as a marker of cellular senescence and it is regulated by various signaling pathways. Sperm telomere appears to play important role in its longevity and function. Antioxidant intake has been known to prevent the shortening of telomere. In the management of male infertility, antioxidants are commonly used to counterbalance the seminal oxidative stress. It is important to understand how antioxidants treatment may modulate telomere signaling in sperm. In the current study, we have identified 377 sperm proteins regulated by antioxidants based on data mining of published literature. Bioinformatic analysis revealed involvement of 399 upstream regulators and 806 master regulators associated with differentially expressed sperm proteins. Furthermore, upstream regulator analysis indicated activation of kinases (EGFR and MAPK3) and transcription factors (CCNE1, H2AX, MYC, RB1, and TP53). Hence, it is evident that antioxidant supplementation activates molecules associated with telomere function in sperm. The outcome of this in silico study suggests that antioxidant therapy has beneficial effects on certain transcription factors and kinases associated with sperm telomere maintenance and associated signaling pathways that may play an important role in the management of male factor infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- Department of Urology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Suresh C Sikka
- Department of Urology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States
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Parthiban D, Baskaran S, Rani S, Arumugham M, Si NT, Kumar R. Synthesis, crystal structure, DFT analysis, and DNA studies of a binuclear copper(II) complex with 2,2′-bipyridine and 4-aminobenzoate. J COORD CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2021.1985112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D. Parthiban
- Department of Chemistry, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Cheyyar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Baskaran
- Department of Chemistry, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Cheyyar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Rani
- Department of Chemistry, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Cheyyar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M.N. Arumugham
- Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N. T. Si
- Department of Chemistry, Can Tho University, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - R. Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, MCM DAV College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Baskaran S, Agarwal A, Durairajanayagam D, Vij S. An update on clinical utility and diagnostic value of various andrological techniques. Andrologia 2021; 53:e13783. [PMID: 33620115 DOI: 10.1111/and.13783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Damayanthi Durairajanayagam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kampus Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sarah Vij
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Durairajanayagam D, Agarwal A, Baskaran S, Vij S. Afterword: An update on clinical utility and diagnostic value of various andrological techniques. Andrologia 2021; 53:e13819. [PMID: 33620116 DOI: 10.1111/and.13819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Damayanthi Durairajanayagam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Kampus Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sarah Vij
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Durairajanayagam D, Agarwal A, Baskaran S, Ko E, Ramasamy R. Afterword to an update on male infertility: Factors, mechanisms, and interventions. Andrologia 2021; 53:e13752. [PMID: 33484502 DOI: 10.1111/and.13752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Revised: 05/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Damayanthi Durairajanayagam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Sungai Buloh, Sungai Buloh, Malaysia
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Edmund Ko
- Department of Urology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Ranjith Ramasamy
- Department of Urology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA
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Agarwal A, Selvam MKP, Baskaran S, Finelli R, Leisegang K, Barbăroșie C, Pushparaj PN, Robert KA, Ambar RF, Iovine C, Durairajanayagam D, Henkel R. Highly Cited Articles in the Field of Male Infertility and Antioxidants: A Scientometric Analysis. World J Mens Health 2021; 39:760-775. [PMID: 33663027 PMCID: PMC8443986 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.200181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The objective of this scientometric analysis was to recognize the top 100 cited articles on ‘Male infertility and Antioxidants’ and analyze its publication characteristics. Materials and Methods The Scopus database was used to retrieve related articles and the top 100 identified based on citation rate. Results The articles were published in 56 journals between 1995 and 2019 with a median (interquartile range) citation score of 17 (5–62). Among the top 100 articles, 69 were clinical studies, which included controlled and blinded (33.33%), prospective (27.54%), randomized-controlled trials (26.09%), uncontrolled (11.59%), and retrospective (1.45%) studies. In addition to conventional semen parameters, advanced sperm function tests such as oxidative stress (51%) and sperm DNA damage (23%) were reported. Pregnancy rate (33%) was found to be the most reported reproductive outcome. Antioxidant therapy was mostly investigated in male cohorts with sperm abnormalities such as asthenozoospermia (28%) and clinical conditions such as idiopathic male infertility (20%), varicocele/varicocelectomy (17%) and general male infertility (16%). Conclusions The most influential publications on antioxidants and male infertility were identified for the first time in the literature. This will serve as a reliable source of information for researchers and clinicians alike.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | | | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kristian Leisegang
- School of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Cătălina Barbăroșie
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Peter Natesan Pushparaj
- King Abdulaziz University, Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kathy Amy Robert
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rafael F Ambar
- Urology Department of Centro Universitario em Saude do ABC/Andrology Group at Ideia Fertil Institute of Human Reproduction, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Concetta Iovine
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Caserta, Italy
| | - Damayanthi Durairajanayagam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.,Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
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Sambathkumar S, Manivannan C, Baskaran S, Kumar RR, Anbazhagan V. A study on the interaction of nile blue with Uracils: A spectroscopic and computational approach. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2021; 246:119011. [PMID: 33038853 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present work focuses the investigation on fluorescence quenching of nile blue (NB) in presence of various substituted uracil molecules. UV-Visible absorption studies signify the possibility of ground state complex formation between NB and uracil molecules. The increase in concentration of quencher molecules greatly influences the emission spectra of NB. The bimolecular quenching rate constant (kq) were calculated and found to depend on the position and electronic properties of substituent in quencher molecules. Fluorescence quenching experiments were performed at different temperature to calculate the thermodynamic parameters. The fluorescence lifetime measurements show that the quenching process proceeds through static quenching. The mechanism of fluorescence quenching includes the possibility of proton transfer. The bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE) reveals the release of H from the quencher molecules. The quencher molecules possess antioxidant activity and identified using deoxyribose degradation assay. The position of substituent and its electronic property are key features to address the antioxidant activity of uracil molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sambathkumar
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Vivekanandha College of Arts and Sciences for Women (Autonomous), Tiruchengode, Namakkal 637 205, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - C Manivannan
- Photonics Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam 638 401, Erode, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Baskaran
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - R Raj Kumar
- Institute of Medical Engineering, Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi, PR China
| | - V Anbazhagan
- Department of Chemistry, Vinayaka Mission's Kirupananda Variyar Arts and Science College, Vinayaka Missions Research Foundation (Deemed to be University), Salem 636 308, Tamil Nadu, India
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Agarwal A, Baskaran S, Parekh N, Cho CL, Henkel R, Vij S, Arafa M, Panner Selvam MK, Shah R. Male infertility. Lancet 2021; 397:319-333. [PMID: 33308486 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(20)32667-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 368] [Impact Index Per Article: 122.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
It is estimated that infertility affects 8-12% of couples globally, with a male factor being a primary or contributing cause in approximately 50% of couples. Causes of male subfertility vary highly, but can be related to congenital, acquired, or idiopathic factors that impair spermatogenesis. Many health conditions can affect male fertility, which underscores the need for a thorough evaluation of patients to identify treatable or reversible lifestyle factors or medical conditions. Although semen analysis remains the cornerstone for evaluating male infertility, advanced diagnostic tests to investigate sperm quality and function have been developed to improve diagnosis and management. The use of assisted reproductive techniques has also substantially improved the ability of couples with infertility to have biological children. This Seminar aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the assessment and management of men with infertility, along with current controversies and future endeavours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Neel Parekh
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chak-Lam Cho
- SH Ho Urology Center, Department of Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Medical Bioscience, University of Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa; Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Sarah Vij
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mohamed Arafa
- Male Infertility Unit, Urology Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Andrology Department, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Rupin Shah
- Department of Urology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Center, Mumbai, India
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Sukala PM, Muthusamy R, Tamilalagan V, Baskaran S, Choudhary AK. Biochemical Estimation in an Acute Toxicity Study of Narayana Chenduram- A Siddha Formulation. J Clin Diagn Res 2021. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2021/51437.15734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Agarwal A, Panner Selvam MK, Baskaran S, Finelli R, Leisegang K, Barbăroșie C, Pushparaj PN, Robert KA, Ambar R, Iovine C, Durairajanayagam D, Henkel R. A scientometric analysis of research publications on male infertility and assisted reproductive technology. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13842. [PMID: 33236365 DOI: 10.1111/and.13842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are considered as one of the primary management options to address severe male factor infertility. The purpose of this study was to identify the research trends in the field of male infertility and ART over the past 20 years (2000-2019) by analysing scientometric data (the number of publications per year, authors, author affiliations, journals, countries, type of documents, subject area and number of citations) retrieved using the Scopus database. We used VOS viewer software to generate a network map on international collaborations as well as a heat map of the top scientists in this field. Our results revealed a total of 2,148 publications during this period with Cleveland Clinic Foundation contributing the most (n = 69). The current scientometric analysis showed that the research trend on ART has been stable over the past two decades. Further in-depth analysis revealed that density gradient centrifugation (46%) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (59.2%) are the most reported techniques for sperm separation and ART, respectively. Additionally, azoospermia was the most studied clinical scenario (60.6%), with majority of articles reporting pregnancy rate (47.25%) as the primary reproductive outcome for ART. This study provides insight into the current focus of research in the area of male infertility and ART as well as the areas that require further research in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kristian Leisegang
- School of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Cătălina Barbăroșie
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Kathy Amy Robert
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Rafael Ambar
- Department of Urology, Sexual and Reproductive Medicine, Faculdade de Medicina do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | - Concetta Iovine
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | | | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa.,Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
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16
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Agarwal A, Majzoub A, Baskaran S, Panner Selvam MK, Cho CL, Henkel R, Finelli R, Leisegang K, Sengupta P, Barbarosie C, Parekh N, Alves MG, Ko E, Arafa M, Tadros N, Ramasamy R, Kavoussi P, Ambar R, Kuchakulla M, Robert KA, Iovine C, Durairajanayagam D, Jindal S, Shah R. Sperm DNA Fragmentation: A New Guideline for Clinicians. World J Mens Health 2020; 38:412-471. [PMID: 32777871 PMCID: PMC7502318 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.200128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm DNA integrity is crucial for fertilization and development of healthy offspring. The spermatozoon undergoes extensive molecular remodeling of its nucleus during later phases of spermatogenesis, which imparts compaction and protects the genetic content. Testicular (defective maturation and abortive apoptosis) and post-testicular (oxidative stress) mechanisms are implicated in the etiology of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), which affects both natural and assisted reproduction. Several clinical and environmental factors are known to negatively impact sperm DNA integrity. An increasing number of reports emphasizes the direct relationship between sperm DNA damage and male infertility. Currently, several assays are available to assess sperm DNA damage, however, routine assessment of SDF in clinical practice is not recommended by professional organizations. This article provides an overview of SDF types, origin and comparative analysis of various SDF assays while primarily focusing on the clinical indications of SDF testing. Importantly, we report four clinical cases where SDF testing had played a significant role in improving fertility outcome. In light of these clinical case reports and recent scientific evidence, this review provides expert recommendations on SDF testing and examines the advantages and drawbacks of the clinical utility of SDF testing using Strength-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Ahmad Majzoub
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Chak Lam Cho
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital, Hong Kong
- S. H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ralf Henkel
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kristian Leisegang
- School of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia
| | - Catalina Barbarosie
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Neel Parekh
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology & Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Edmund Ko
- Department of Urology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Mohamed Arafa
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Andrology Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nicholas Tadros
- Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | | | - Parviz Kavoussi
- Austin Fertility & Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Rafael Ambar
- Urology Department of Centro Universitario em Saude do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | | | - Kathy Amy Robert
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Concetta Iovine
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | | | - Sunil Jindal
- Department of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Jindal Hospital, Meerut, India
| | - Rupin Shah
- Department of Urology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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17
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Murali krishnan M, Baskaran S, Arumugham MN. Photophysical properties and theoretical photosensitization mechanism of non-peripherally dodecyloxy substituted metallophthalocyanines for photodynamic therapy. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2020.1815775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Murali krishnan
- Department of Chemistry, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Baskaran
- Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M. N. Arumugham
- Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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18
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Agarwal A, Baskaran S, Panner Selvam MK, Finelli R, Barbarosie C, Robert KA, Iovine C, Master K, Henkel R. Scientific landscape of oxidative stress in male reproductive research: A scientometric study. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 156:36-44. [PMID: 32439384 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Unraveling the role of reactive oxygen species and associated oxidative stress (OS) in male reproduction is one of the key areas of male reproductive research. This article illustrates the scientific landscape of OS in male reproductive research over the past several decades (1941-2018) using a scientometric approach. Scientometric data (articles per year, authors, affiliations, journals, and countries) on OS related to male reproduction were retrieved from the Scopus database and analyzed for each decade. Our analysis revealed an increasing trend in OS-based male reproductive research from 1941 to 2018 with a steep raise in publications and research collaborations starting from the period 1991-2000 (R2 = 0.81). Semen abnormalities and varicocele were the major areas investigated in relation to OS with the highest positive trend in publications from the time interval 1981-1990 to 2011-2018. Analysis of publications based on OS assessment techniques revealed chemiluminescence (n = 180) and evaluation of antioxidants (n = 300) as the most widely used direct and indirect tests, respectively. Furthermore, prognostic/diagnostic studies on OS evaluation increased significantly over the time. Our analysis highlights the evolution of OS in male reproductive research and its emergence as an important prognostic and diagnostic tool in the evaluation of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Catalina Barbarosie
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Kathy Amy Robert
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Concetta Iovine
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kruyanshi Master
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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19
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Panner Selvam MK, Agarwal A, Baskaran S. Proteomic analysis of seminal plasma from bilateral varicocele patients indicates an oxidative state and increased inflammatory response. Asian J Androl 2020; 21:544-550. [PMID: 31006709 PMCID: PMC6859669 DOI: 10.4103/aja.aja_121_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Seminal plasma is a rich source of proteins and serves as an ideal sample for proteomic analysis of male infertility. In varicocele-associated infertility, the contributory role of seminal plasma proteins specific to unilateral and bilateral varicocele is not clear. Furthermore, there is a lack of specific protein biomarker to differentiate bilateral from unilateral varicocele. The main objective is to identify the differentially regulated molecular and cellular pathways in bilateral varicocele. Furthermore, we intend to identify seminal plasma biomarkers to differentiate bilateral and unilateral varicocele patients in comparison with fertile healthy men. Global proteomic analysis of seminal plasma proteins has identified the functionality of differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in varicocele patients. Bioinformatic analysis has revealed response to reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress, and tissue homeostasis as top process pathways that are affected in bilateral varicocele patients compared to fertile healthy men. In comparison with unilateral varicocele patients, inflammatory response pathways were dysregulated, especially interleukin 6 (IL-6) signaling and Janus kinase-signal transducer and activator of transcription (Jak-STAT) pathways, in bilateral varicocele patients, owing to the involvement of underexpressed DEPs. Key DEPs associated with oxidative stress (peroxiredoxin 2; PRDX2), DNA fragmentation (fatty acid synthase; FASN), and inflammatory response (fibronectin 1; FN1) validated by western blot analysis revealed differential expression of these proteins in unilateral and bilateral varicocele groups. Altered expression of DEPs and its association with key processes show that the seminal plasma homeostasis is compromised in bilateral varicocele patients. Furthermore, we propose PRDX2, FASN, and FN1 as potential noninvasive seminal plasma markers for the differentiation of unilateral and bilateral varicocele patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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20
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Ko E, Ramasamy R, Durairajanayagam D, Baskaran S, Agarwal A. An update on male infertility: Factors, mechanisms, and interventions. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13741. [PMID: 33135797 DOI: 10.1111/and.13741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Edmund Ko
- Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | | | - Damayanthi Durairajanayagam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Sungai Buloh, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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21
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Panner Selvam MK, Baskaran S, Agarwal A, Henkel R. Protein profiling in unlocking the basis of varicocele-associated infertility. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13645. [PMID: 32453911 DOI: 10.1111/and.13645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Varicocele is one of the major causes of male infertility and has a negative impact on spermatogenesis. The conventional semen analysis does not reveal the underlying subcellular mechanisms associated with defects in spermatozoa. Proteomics and bioinformatics analysis can be used to identify the molecular aetiologies associated with poor semen quality in varicocele patients. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been identified as the main factor affecting normal physiological functions of spermatozoa. This article discusses the proteomic studies of spermatozoa and seminal plasma in varicocele patients. Proteomics can identify potential spermatozoa and seminal plasma biomarkers in varicocele-mediated male infertility. In future, these protein biomarkers can be useful in the development of noninvasive diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for varicocele patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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22
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Selvaraju V, Baskaran S, Agarwal A, Henkel R. Environmental contaminants and male infertility: Effects and mechanisms. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13646. [PMID: 32447772 DOI: 10.1111/and.13646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The escalating prevalence of male infertility and decreasing trend in sperm quality have been correlated with rapid industrialisation and the associated discharge of an excess of synthetic substances into the environment. Humans are inevitably exposed to these ubiquitously distributed environmental contaminants, which possess the ability to intervene with the growth and function of male reproductive organs. Several epidemiological reports have correlated the blood and seminal levels of environmental contaminants with poor sperm quality. Numerous in vivo and in vitro studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of various environmental contaminants on spermatogenesis, steroidogenesis, Sertoli cells, blood-testis barrier, epididymis and sperm functions. The reported reprotoxic effects include alterations in the spermatogenic cycle, increased germ cell apoptosis, inhibition of steroidogenesis, decreased Leydig cell viability, impairment of Sertoli cell structure and function, altered expression of steroid receptors, increased permeability of blood-testis barrier, induction of peroxidative and epigenetic alterations in spermatozoa resulting in poor sperm quality and function. In light of recent scientific reports, this review discusses the effects of environmental contaminants on the male reproductive function and the possible mechanisms of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaithinathan Selvaraju
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Hospitality Management, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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23
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Panner Selvam MK, Agarwal A, Henkel R, Finelli R, Robert KA, Iovine C, Baskaran S. The effect of oxidative and reductive stress on semen parameters and functions of physiologically normal human spermatozoa. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 152:375-385. [PMID: 32165282 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Both oxidative stress (OS) and reductive stress (RS) are the two extreme facets of redox imbalance that can have deleterious effects on sperm function. However, there is a lack of information on the physiological range of oxidation-reduction potential (ORP). The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of OS and RS on functions and associated molecular changes in normal spermatozoa in order to establish the physiological range of ORP. In the current study, total and progressive motility remained unchanged in spermatozoa exposed to ORP values 0.33 and 0.72 mV/106 sperm/mL. However, a significant (P < 0.05) decline in total and progressive motility were observed at ORP values 1.48, 2.75, -11.24, -9.76 and -9.35 mV/106 sperm/mL. Sperm vitality also decreased significantly (P < 0.0001) at 2.75, -11.24 and -9.76 mV/106 sperm/mL. Spermatozoa exposed to ORP levels 2.75 and -11.24 mV/106 sperm/mL showed a significant (P < 0.01) decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (iROS) production increased (P < 0.05) in spermatozoa exposed to ORP levels of 1.48 and 2.75 mV/106 sperm/mL, while iROS decreased (P < 0.05) at ORP levels -9.76 and -11.24 mV/106 sperm/mL. No significant change in sperm DNA fragmentation was noted in sperm exposed to OS/RS and the values were below the reference range (<19.25%). Western blot analysis revealed decreased expression of CV-ATPA, CIII-UQCRC2 and CIV-MTCO1 proteins at 60 and 120 min (P < 0.05) in both OS and RS conditions. This is the first study to report physiological range of ORP (between -9.76 and 1.48 mV/106 sperm/mL) and to elucidate the role of altered expression of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) complexes proteins in mediating detrimental effects of oxidative and reductive conditions on sperm functions. A decreased expression of OXPHOS proteins and associated mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to decreased sperm motility and vitality under oxidative and reductive stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kathy Amy Robert
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Concetta Iovine
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", 81100, Caserta, Italy
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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24
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Baskaran S, Finelli R, Agarwal A, Henkel R. Diagnostic value of routine semen analysis in clinical andrology. Andrologia 2020; 53:e13614. [PMID: 32400107 DOI: 10.1111/and.13614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Infertility is a major health issue affecting over 48.5 million couples around the world, with the male factor accounting for about 50% of the cases. The conventional semen analysis recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) is the cornerstone in the evaluation of male fertility status. It includes macroscopic and microscopic evaluation of the ejaculate, which reflects the production of spermatozoa in the testes, the patency of the duct system and the glandular secretory activity. Evaluation of seminal fructose, sperm vitality and leucocytes (Endtz test) are useful adjuncts to semen analysis that provide information on specific clinical conditions. Though several computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA) systems have been developed, conventional methods for semen analysis are still widely accepted in clinical practice. This review summarises the conventional techniques used in routine semen analysis and their diagnostic value in clinical andrology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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25
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Martins AD, Panner Selvam MK, Agarwal A, Alves MG, Baskaran S. Alterations in seminal plasma proteomic profile in men with primary and secondary infertility. Sci Rep 2020; 10:7539. [PMID: 32372034 PMCID: PMC7200760 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-64434-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteome of seminal plasma provides profound information related to the male reproductive health. This pilot study was conducted to characterize proteomic profile of seminal plasma from men with primary, or secondary infertility and compare it with proven fertile men. Study participants (n = 59) were recruited at the Cleveland Clinic and divided according to their fertility status: proven fertile (n = 39); primary infertility (n = 11) and secondary infertility (n = 9). Proteomic shotgun analysis revealed a total of 515 peptides common to primary infertility and control group; whereas 523 peptides were common to secondary infertility and control group. Bioinformatic analysis revealed dysregulation of biological processes such as cell secretion and vesicle mediated transport in primary infertility, whereas immune system response, regulation of proteolysis and iron homeostasis were dysregulated in secondary infertility. Western blot validation showed overexpression of ANXA2 and CDC42, and underexpression of SEMG2 proteins in primary infertility; and overexpression of ANXA2 and APP proteins in secondary infertility. This study elucidates the potential role of differentially expressed proteins in the seminal plasma as diagnostic biomarker for primary and secondary infertility. Furthermore, our results suggest maturation failure and immune reaction response as the main cause of infertility in men with primary and secondary infertility, respectively. Additional validation of the proteins involved in the above pathways is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana D Martins
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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26
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Baskaran S, Finelli R, Agarwal A, Henkel R. Reactive oxygen species in male reproduction: A boon or a bane? Andrologia 2020; 53:e13577. [PMID: 32271474 DOI: 10.1111/and.13577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are free radicals derived from oxygen during normal cellular metabolism. ROS play a crucial role in the physiological processes and signalling pathways associated with male fertility. At physiological concentrations, ROS act as molecular mediators of signal transduction pathways involved in the regulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, spermatogenesis and steroidogenesis. They also trigger the morphological changes required for sperm maturation, such as DNA compaction and flagellar modification. Furthermore, ROS modulate crucial processes involved in the attainment of sperm fertilising ability such as capacitation, hyperactivation, acrosome reaction and sperm-oocyte fusion. Conversely, oxidative stress prevails when the concentration of ROS overwhelms the body's antioxidant defence. Various endogenous and exogenous factors enhance the synthesis of ROS resulting in the disruption of structural and functional integrity of spermatozoa through the induction of apoptotic pathway and oxidation of molecules, such as lipids, proteins and DNA. Therefore, maintenance of a balanced redox state is critical for normal male reproductive functions. This article discusses the dual role of ROS in male reproduction, highlighting the physiological role as well as their pathological implications on male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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27
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Agarwal A, Baskaran S, Panner Selvam MK, Barbăroșie C, Master K. Unraveling the Footsteps of Proteomics in Male Reproductive Research: A Scientometric Approach. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:536-549. [PMID: 31861964 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Male reproductive research at molecular level has gained more attention as it offers the cellular mechanisms and biological pathways implicated in the reproductive physiology. Several researchers across the world have used global proteomic approach in conjunction with advanced bioinformatics software to identify putative biomarkers for various male infertility conditions. Recent Advances: Introduction of advance proteomic platforms has made it easier to generate enormous amount of data in a short period of time. In this article, we have reviewed the functional and comparative proteomic studies in the area of male reproductive research. We have discussed the key proteins and associated cellular pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation and mitochondrial dysfunction implicated in the various male infertility conditions. Furthermore, for the first time scientometric approach was used to analyze the publication trends and hot topics in proteomics of male reproductive research. Critical Issues: Analysis of publication trends revealed that majority of the published studies were focused on varicocele and asthenozoospermia, while very limited research has been conducted on assisted reproductive technology (ART). This area of research requires more attention as it would facilitate identification of novel biomarkers to catalogue proteomic characteristics of spermatozoa for achieving better results in ART. Future Directions: Future research should be focused on the development and validation of a biomarker panel for specific male infertility scenarios based on etiology. Translation of validated proteomic biomarkers into tests or assays for male infertility conditions would enable the physician to provide better management for the patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | | | - Cătălina Barbăroșie
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Kruyanshi Master
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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Swain N, Samanta L, Agarwal A, Kumar S, Dixit A, Gopalan B, Durairajanayagam D, Sharma R, Pushparaj PN, Baskaran S. Aberrant Upregulation of Compensatory Redox Molecular Machines May Contribute to Sperm Dysfunction in Infertile Men with Unilateral Varicocele: A Proteomic Insight. Antioxid Redox Signal 2020; 32:504-521. [PMID: 31691576 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2019.7828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Aims: To understand the molecular pathways involved in oxidative stress (OS)-mediated sperm dysfunction against a hypoxic and hyperthermic microenvironment backdrop of varicocele through a proteomic approach. Results: Protein selection (261) based on their role in redox homeostasis and/or oxidative/hyperthermic/hypoxic stress response from the sperm proteome data set of unilateral varicocele (UV) in comparison with fertile control displayed 85 to be differentially expressed. Upregulation of cellular oxidant detoxification and glutathione and reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) metabolism accompanied with downregulation of protein folding, energy metabolism, and heat stress responses were observed in the UV group. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) predicted suppression of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) (validated by Western blotting [WB]) along with augmentation in OS and mitochondrial dysfunction in UV. The top affected networks indicated by IPA involved heat shock proteins (HSPs: HSPA2 and HSP90B1). Their expression profile was corroborated by immunocytochemistry and WB. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1A as an upstream regulator of HSPs was predicted by MetaCore. Occurrence of reductive stress in UV spermatozoa was corroborated by thiol redox status. Innovation: This is the first evidence of a novel pathway showing aberrant redox homeostasis against chronic hypoxic insult in varicocele leading to sperm dysfunction. Conclusions: Upregulation of antioxidant system and dysfunctional OXPHOS would have shifted the redox balance of biological redox couples (GSH/GSSG, NAD+/NADH, and NADP+/NADPH) to a more reducing state leading to reductive stress. Chronic reductive stress-induced OS may be involved in sperm dysfunction in infertile men with UV, where the role of HSPs cannot be ignored. Intervention with antioxidant therapy warrants proper prior investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nirlipta Swain
- Redox Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Odisha, India.,American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Luna Samanta
- Redox Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Ravenshaw University, Odisha, India.,American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Centre for Excellence in Environment and Public Health, Ravenshaw University, Odisha, India
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Sugandh Kumar
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.,School of Biotechnology, KIIT University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Anshuman Dixit
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Institute of Life Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | | | | | - Rakesh Sharma
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Peter N Pushparaj
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
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Arafa M, Agarwal A, Majzoub A, Panner Selvam MK, Baskaran S, Henkel R, Elbardisi H. Efficacy of Antioxidant Supplementation on Conventional and Advanced Sperm Function Tests in Patients with Idiopathic Male Infertility. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E219. [PMID: 32155908 PMCID: PMC7139646 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9030219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants are used in the empirical treatment of infertile men. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of antioxidant therapy on conventional semen parameters and advanced sperm function tests in men seeking fertility treatment. A total of 148 infertile men of unknown etiology were divided into idiopathic (n = 119) and unexplained male infertility (UMI; n = 29). All participants were treated with the antioxidant supplement 'FH PRO for Men' for a period of three months. Compared with pretreatment results, there was a significant improvement in conventional semen parameters including sperm concentration, total and progressive motility and normal morphology, and seminal oxidation reduction potential (ORP), and sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) in idiopathic infertile men. The changes were more prominent in idiopathic infertile men positive for ORP and SDF. UMI patients showed an improvement in progressive motility, ORP, and SDF after antioxidant treatment. Statistical analysis revealed that the efficacy of FH PRO for Men was significant in idiopathic male infertility compared with UMI. Treatment of idiopathic male infertility patients with the FH PRO for Men antioxidant regimen for three months resulted in a significant improvement in conventional semen parameters and sperm function. Therefore, FH PRO for Men offers promise for the medical treatment of idiopathic male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Arafa
- Male Infertility Unit, Urology Department, Hamad General Hospital, 00974 Doha, Qatar; (A.M.); (H.E.)
- Urology Department, Weill Cornell Medical-Qatar, 00974 Doha, Qatar
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.A.); (M.K.P.S.); (S.B.); (R.H.)
- Andrology Department, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.A.); (M.K.P.S.); (S.B.); (R.H.)
| | - Ahmad Majzoub
- Male Infertility Unit, Urology Department, Hamad General Hospital, 00974 Doha, Qatar; (A.M.); (H.E.)
- Urology Department, Weill Cornell Medical-Qatar, 00974 Doha, Qatar
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.A.); (M.K.P.S.); (S.B.); (R.H.)
| | - Manesh Kumar Panner Selvam
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.A.); (M.K.P.S.); (S.B.); (R.H.)
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.A.); (M.K.P.S.); (S.B.); (R.H.)
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; (A.A.); (M.K.P.S.); (S.B.); (R.H.)
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, 7535 Bellville, South Africa
| | - Haitham Elbardisi
- Male Infertility Unit, Urology Department, Hamad General Hospital, 00974 Doha, Qatar; (A.M.); (H.E.)
- Urology Department, Weill Cornell Medical-Qatar, 00974 Doha, Qatar
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30
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Agarwal A, Panner Selvam MK, Baskaran S. Proteomic Analyses of Human Sperm Cells: Understanding the Role of Proteins and Molecular Pathways Affecting Male Reproductive Health. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21051621. [PMID: 32120839 PMCID: PMC7084638 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human sperm proteomics research has gained increasing attention lately, which provides complete information about the functional state of the spermatozoa. Changes in the sperm proteome are evident in several male infertility associated conditions. Global proteomic tools, such as liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight, are used to profile the sperm proteins to identify the molecular pathways that are defective in infertile men. This review discusses the use of proteomic techniques to analyze the spermatozoa proteome. It also highlights the general steps involved in global proteomic approaches including bioinformatic analysis of the sperm proteomic data. Also, we have presented the findings of major proteomic studies and possible biomarkers in the diagnosis and therapeutics of male infertility. Extensive research on sperm proteome will help in understanding the role of fertility associated sperm proteins. Validation of the sperm proteins as biomarkers in different male infertility conditions may aid the physician in better clinical management.
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31
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Baskaran S, Agarwal A, Panner Selvam MK, Finelli R, Robert KA, Iovine C, Pushparaj PN, Samanta L, Harlev A, Henkel R. Tracking research trends and hotspots in sperm DNA fragmentation testing for the evaluation of male infertility: a scientometric analysis. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2019; 17:110. [PMID: 31878936 PMCID: PMC6931248 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-019-0550-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This article describes the research trends in sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) over the past 20 years (1999-2018) using a scientometric approach. METHODS A stepwise approach was adopted to retrieve scientometric data (articles per year, authors, affiliations, journals, countries) from Scopus and analyze the publication pattern of SDF with reference to key areas of research in the field of Andrology. RESULTS A total of 2121 articles were retrieved related to SDF. Our data revealed an increasing research trend in SDF (n = 33 to n = 173) over the past 20 years (R2 = 0.894). Most productive country in publications was the USA (n = 450), while Agarwal A. (n = 129) being the most productive author. Most of the articles in SDF were primarily focused on lifestyle (n = 157), asthenozoospermia (n = 135) and varicocele (130). Mechanistic studies on SDF were published twice as much as prognostic/diagnostic studies, with significant emphasis on oxidative stress. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) was the most widely used technique to evaluate SDF. Publications on SDF related to assisted reproductive techniques also showed a linear increasing trend (R2 = 0.933). CONCLUSIONS Our analysis revealed an increasing trend in SDF publications predominantly investigating lifestyle, asthenozoospermia and varicocele conditions with TUNEL being the most widely used technique. A substantial increase in research is warranted to establish SDF as prognostic/diagnostic parameter to evaluate clinical scenarios and ART outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Mail Code X-11, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Mail Code X-11, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
| | - Manesh Kumar Panner Selvam
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Mail Code X-11, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Mail Code X-11, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Kathy Amy Robert
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Mail Code X-11, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Concetta Iovine
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Mail Code X-11, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Peter Natesan Pushparaj
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Luna Samanta
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Mail Code X-11, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Redox Biology Laboratory, Center of Excellence in Environment and Public Health, Ravenshaw University, -753003, Cuttack, India
| | - Avi Harlev
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Mail Code X-11, 10681 Carnegie Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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32
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Baskaran S, Agarwal A, Panner Selvam MK, Henkel R, Durairajanayagam D, Leisegang K, Majzoub A, Singh D, Khalafalla K. Is there plagiarism in the most influential publications in the field of andrology? Andrologia 2019; 51:e13405. [PMID: 31489696 DOI: 10.1111/and.13405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Plagiarism is a common form of academic misconduct that extensively jeopardises the quality of scientific publication. The purpose of this study is to determine the extent of plagiarism in the most influential andrology articles. A total of 77 highly cited andrology articles were analysed for their similarity index using iThenticate and Turnitin. The articles were categorised based on the year (before and on/after 2000) and type of publication (review and research articles), and the similarity indices were compared. Furthermore, the analysed articles were categorised based on the level of similarity using an arbitrary similarity index range (low: ≤10, moderate: 11-20, high: 21-50 and very high: >50) and average incidence rate (%) was determined. Our analysis revealed a higher percentage of the similarity indices for reviews than research articles. We noticed a higher similarity index for articles published on/after 2000 than those published before. The majority of the influential articles in the field of andrology showed a low similarity index, while some articles exhibited moderate to high levels of similarity. These findings support the need for the development of similarity index guidelines as a major pre-requisite for establishing a more transparent and efficient system to address plagiarism in scientific publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | | | - Kristian Leisegang
- School of Natural Medicine, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ahmad Majzoub
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Urology Department, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.,Urology Department, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Dipty Singh
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Neuroendocrinology Department, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Reproductive Health, Mumbai, India
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33
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Agarwal A, Parekh N, Panner Selvam MK, Henkel R, Shah R, Homa ST, Ramasamy R, Ko E, Tremellen K, Esteves S, Majzoub A, Alvarez JG, Gardner DK, Jayasena CN, Ramsay JW, Cho CL, Saleh R, Sakkas D, Hotaling JM, Lundy SD, Vij S, Marmar J, Gosalvez J, Sabanegh E, Park HJ, Zini A, Kavoussi P, Micic S, Smith R, Busetto GM, Bakırcıoğlu ME, Haidl G, Balercia G, Puchalt NG, Ben-Khalifa M, Tadros N, Kirkman-Browne J, Moskovtsev S, Huang X, Borges E, Franken D, Bar-Chama N, Morimoto Y, Tomita K, Srini VS, Ombelet W, Baldi E, Muratori M, Yumura Y, La Vignera S, Kosgi R, Martinez MP, Evenson DP, Zylbersztejn DS, Roque M, Cocuzza M, Vieira M, Ben-Meir A, Orvieto R, Levitas E, Wiser A, Arafa M, Malhotra V, Parekattil SJ, Elbardisi H, Carvalho L, Dada R, Sifer C, Talwar P, Gudeloglu A, Mahmoud AMA, Terras K, Yazbeck C, Nebojsa B, Durairajanayagam D, Mounir A, Kahn LG, Baskaran S, Pai RD, Paoli D, Leisegang K, Moein MR, Malik S, Yaman O, Samanta L, Bayane F, Jindal SK, Kendirci M, Altay B, Perovic D, Harlev A. Male Oxidative Stress Infertility (MOSI): Proposed Terminology and Clinical Practice Guidelines for Management of Idiopathic Male Infertility. World J Mens Health 2019; 37:296-312. [PMID: 31081299 PMCID: PMC6704307 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.190055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 214] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in the field of male reproductive health, idiopathic male infertility, in which a man has altered semen characteristics without an identifiable cause and there is no female factor infertility, remains a challenging condition to diagnose and manage. Increasing evidence suggests that oxidative stress (OS) plays an independent role in the etiology of male infertility, with 30% to 80% of infertile men having elevated seminal reactive oxygen species levels. OS can negatively affect fertility via a number of pathways, including interference with capacitation and possible damage to sperm membrane and DNA, which may impair the sperm's potential to fertilize an egg and develop into a healthy embryo. Adequate evaluation of male reproductive potential should therefore include an assessment of sperm OS. We propose the term Male Oxidative Stress Infertility, or MOSI, as a novel descriptor for infertile men with abnormal semen characteristics and OS, including many patients who were previously classified as having idiopathic male infertility. Oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) can be a useful clinical biomarker for the classification of MOSI, as it takes into account the levels of both oxidants and reductants (antioxidants). Current treatment protocols for OS, including the use of antioxidants, are not evidence-based and have the potential for complications and increased healthcare-related expenditures. Utilizing an easy, reproducible, and cost-effective test to measure ORP may provide a more targeted, reliable approach for administering antioxidant therapy while minimizing the risk of antioxidant overdose. With the increasing awareness and understanding of MOSI as a distinct male infertility diagnosis, future research endeavors can facilitate the development of evidence-based treatments that target its underlying cause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Neel Parekh
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Manesh Kumar Panner Selvam
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rupin Shah
- Department of Urology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Sheryl T Homa
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK
| | | | - Edmund Ko
- Department of Urology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Kelton Tremellen
- Department of Obstetrics Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine, Flinders University, Bedford Park, Australia
| | - Sandro Esteves
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
- Faculty of Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ahmad Majzoub
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation and Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Juan G Alvarez
- Centro Androgen, La Coruña, Spain and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David K Gardner
- School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Channa N Jayasena
- Section of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
- Department of Andrology, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | | | - Chak Lam Cho
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Ramadan Saleh
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
| | | | - James M Hotaling
- Department of Urology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Scott D Lundy
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Sarah Vij
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Jaime Gosalvez
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Hyun Jun Park
- Department of Urology, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
- Medical Research Institute of Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Armand Zini
- Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Parviz Kavoussi
- Austin Fertility & Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sava Micic
- Uromedica Polyclinic, Kneza Milosa, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ryan Smith
- Department of Urology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | | | | | - Gerhard Haidl
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Giancarlo Balercia
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, Umberto I Hospital, Ancona, Italy
| | - Nicolás Garrido Puchalt
- IVI Foundation Edificio Biopolo - Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria la Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Moncef Ben-Khalifa
- University Hospital, School of Médicine and PERITOX Laboratory, Amiens, France
| | - Nicholas Tadros
- Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | - Jackson Kirkman-Browne
- Centre for Human Reproductive Science, IMSR, College of Medical & Dental Sciences, The University of Birmingham Edgbaston, UK
- The Birmingham Women's Fertility Centre, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Mindelsohn Drive, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Sergey Moskovtsev
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Xuefeng Huang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | | | - Daniel Franken
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Andrology Unit Faculties of Health Sciences, Tygerberg Hospital, Tygerberg, South Africa
| | - Natan Bar-Chama
- Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Kazuhisa Tomita
- IVF Japan Group, Horac Grand Front Osaka Clinic, Osaka, Japan
| | | | - Willem Ombelet
- Genk Institute for Fertility Technology, Genk, Belgium
- Hasselt University, Biomedical Research Institute, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Elisabetta Baldi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Center of Excellence DeNothe, University of Florence, Italy
| | - Monica Muratori
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", Unit of Sexual Medicine and Andrology, Center of Excellence DeNothe, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Yasushi Yumura
- Department of Urology, Reproduction Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Sandro La Vignera
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Marlon P Martinez
- Section of Urology, University of Santo Tomas Hospital, Manila, Philippines
| | | | | | - Matheus Roque
- Origen, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo Vieira
- Division of Urology, Infertility Center ALFA, São Paulo, Brazil
- Head of Male Infertility Division, Andrology Department, Brazilian Society of Urology, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Assaf Ben-Meir
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hebrew-University Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Raoul Orvieto
- Infertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center (Tel Hashomer), Ramat Gan, Israel
- Tarnesby-Tarnowski Chair for Family Planning and Fertility Regulation, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Eliahu Levitas
- Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev Beer-Sheva, Beersheba, Israel
| | - Amir Wiser
- IVF Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Sava, Israel
- Sackler Medicine School, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mohamed Arafa
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Vineet Malhotra
- Department of Andrology and Urology, Diyos Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Sijo Joseph Parekattil
- PUR Clinic, South Lake Hospital, Clermont, FL, USA
- University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | | | - Luiz Carvalho
- Baby Center, Institute for Reproductive Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil
- College Institute of Clinical Research and Teaching Development, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rima Dada
- Lab for Molecular Reproduction and Genetics, Anatomy, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Christophe Sifer
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Seine Saint-Denis, Bondy, France
| | - Pankaj Talwar
- Department of Reproductive Medicine and Embryology, Manipal Hospital, New Delhi, India
| | - Ahmet Gudeloglu
- Department of Urology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ahmed M A Mahmoud
- Department of Endocrinology/ Andrology, University Hospital Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Khaled Terras
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Hannibal International Clinic, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Chadi Yazbeck
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Medicine, Pierre Cherest and Hartman Clinics, Paris, France
| | - Bojanic Nebojsa
- Clinic of Urology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Damayanthi Durairajanayagam
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Sungai Buloh Campus, Jalan Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ajina Mounir
- Department of Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Linda G Kahn
- Department of Pediatrics, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, OH, USA
| | - Rishma Dhillon Pai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Donatella Paoli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Kristian Leisegang
- School of Natural Medicine, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | | | - Onder Yaman
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Ankara, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Luna Samanta
- Redox Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology and Center of Excellence in Environment and Public Health, Ravenshaw University, Cutrack, India
| | - Fouad Bayane
- Marrakech Fertility Institute, Marrakech, Morocco
| | | | - Muammer Kendirci
- Department of Urology, Istinye University Faculty of Medicine, Liv Hospital Ulus, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Baris Altay
- Department of Urology, Ege University School of Medicine, İzmir, Turkey
| | | | - Avi Harlev
- Fertility and IVF Unit, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel
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Panner Selvam MK, Agarwal A, Pushparaj PN, Baskaran S, Bendou H. Sperm Proteome Analysis and Identification of Fertility-Associated Biomarkers in Unexplained Male Infertility. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10070522. [PMID: 31336797 PMCID: PMC6678187 DOI: 10.3390/genes10070522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Up to 30% of men with normal semen parameters suffer from infertility and the reason for this is unknown. Altered expression of sperm proteins may be a major cause of infertility in these men. Proteomic profiling was performed on pooled semen samples from eight normozoospermic fertile men and nine normozoospermic infertile men using LC-MS/MS. Furthermore, key differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) related to the fertilization process were selected for validation using Western blotting. A total of 1139 and 1095 proteins were identified in normozoospermic fertile and infertile men, respectively. Of these, 162 proteins were identified as DEPs. The canonical pathway related to free radical scavenging was enriched with upregulated DEPs in normozoospermic infertile men. The proteins associated with reproductive system development and function, and the ubiquitination pathway were underexpressed in normozoospermic infertile men. Western blot analysis revealed the overexpression of annexin A2 (ANXA2) (2.03 fold change; P = 0.0243), and underexpression of sperm surface protein Sp17 (SPA17) (0.37 fold change; P = 0.0205) and serine protease inhibitor (SERPINA5) (0.32 fold change; P = 0.0073) in men with unexplained male infertility (UMI). The global proteomic profile of normozoospermic infertile men is different from that of normozoospermic fertile men. Our data suggests that SPA17, ANXA2, and SERPINA5 may potentially serve as non-invasive protein biomarkers associated with the fertilization process of the spermatozoa in UMI.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
| | - Peter Natesan Pushparaj
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | - Hocine Bendou
- South African National Bioinformatics Institute (SANBI), SA Medical Research Council Bioinformatics Unit, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
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Martins AD, Agarwal A, Baskaran S, Pushparaj PN, Ahmad G, Panner Selvam MK. Alterations of Spermatozoa Proteomic Profile in Men with Hodgkin's Disease Prior to Cancer Therapy. World J Mens Health 2019; 38:521-534. [PMID: 31385466 PMCID: PMC7502316 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.190012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hodgkin's disease (HD) is a type of cancer affecting men in the reproductive age with potential consequences on their fertility status. This study aims to analyze sperm parameters, alterations in proteomic profiles and validate selected protein biomarkers of spermatozoa in men with HD undergoing sperm banking before cancer therapy. Materials and Methods Semen analysis was carried out in healthy fertile donors (control, n=42), and patients diagnosed with HD (patients, n=38) before cancer therapy. We compared proteomic profiles of spermatozoa from donors (n=3) and patients (n=3) using LTQ-Orbitrap Elite hybrid MS system. Results A total of 1,169 proteins were identified by global proteomic in both groups. The ingenuity pathway analysis revealed that differentially expressed proteins involved in capacitation, acrosome reaction, binding of sperm to the zona pellucida, sperm motility, regulation of sperm DNA damage, and apoptosis were significantly downregulated in HD patients. Validation of proteins implicated in sperm fertility potential by Western Blot demonstrated that peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX 2) was underexpressed (p=0.015), and transferrin (p=0.045) and SERPIN A5 (p=0.010) protein levels were overexpressed in spermatozoa of men with HD. Conclusions Findings of this study indicates that the key proteins involved in sperm fertility potential are significantly altered in men with HD, which provides substantial explanation for the observed low sperm quality in HD subjects prior to cancer therapy. Furthermore, our results suggest PRDX 2, transferrin and SERPIN A5 as possible candidate proteins for assessing sperm quality in HD patients prior to cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana D Martins
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Peter Natesan Pushparaj
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gulfam Ahmad
- Discipline of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
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Panner Selvam MK, Agarwal A, Dias TR, Martins AD, Baskaran S, Samanta L. Round cells do not contaminate or mask human sperm proteome in proteomic studies using cryopreserved samples. Andrologia 2019; 51:e13325. [PMID: 31168855 DOI: 10.1111/and.13325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Semen contains leucocytes and round cells, besides spermatozoa. The objective of this study was to identify whether the proteins from round cells and leucocytes affect the proteomic analysis of spermatozoa. Cryopreserved human sperm samples were divided into four groups: (1) samples with ≥1 × 106 /ml leucocytes unprocessed; (2) samples with ≥1 × 106 /ml leucocytes processed by 65% density centrifugation; (3) samples with round cells <1 × 106 /ml unprocessed; and (4) samples with round cells <1 × 106 /ml processed by 65% density centrifugation. Samples from each group (1, 2, 3 and 4) were pooled (n = 5) for quantitative proteomic analysis using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Comparative analysis revealed nine differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) groups 1 and 2. Moreover, five DEPs were identified between groups 3 and 4. We observed that cylicin-1, Atlastin-1 and vesicle transport protein SFT2B are specific to spermatozoa, and none of them were associated with leucocytes. The number of DEPs in spermatozoa of processed and unprocessed cryopreserved semen samples was negligible. Our results indicate that the presence of round cells (<1 × 106 /ml) in the seminal ejaculation does not interfere in the accurate detection of spermatozoa proteome by LC-MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Tânia R Dias
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.,Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana D Martins
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Luna Samanta
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.,Redox biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, India
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Agarwal A, Panner Selvam MK, Baskaran S, Cho CL. Sperm DNA damage and its impact on male reproductive health: a critical review for clinicians, reproductive professionals and researchers. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2019; 19:443-457. [DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2019.1614916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chak-Lam Cho
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital, Sha Tin, Hong Kong
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Baskaran S, Murali Krishnan M, Arumugham MN, Kumar R. Synthesis, DFT analysis and DNA studies, cytotoxicity and luminescence properties of a dinuclear copper(II) complex with 1,10-phenanthroline and 4-aminobenzoate. J COORD CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2019.1584295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Baskaran
- Department of Chemistry, Arignar Anna Govt. Arts College, Cheyyar, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M. Murali Krishnan
- Department of Chemistry, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M. N. Arumugham
- Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R. Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, DAV University, Jalandhar, Punjab, India
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Baskaran S, Agarwal A, Leisegang K, Pushparaj PN, Panner Selvam MK, Henkel R. An In-Depth Bibliometric Analysis and Current Perspective on Male infertility Research. World J Mens Health 2019; 39:302-314. [PMID: 30799564 PMCID: PMC7994650 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.180114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Revised: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Male infertility is emerging as a major, escalating global health problem that imposes the need to investigate research trends in male infertility. The purpose of this study is to analyze male infertility research trends in the past 20 years using the bibliometric database from Scopus. Materials and Methods In order to perform an in-depth bibliometric analysis, we propose a ‘Funnel Model’, which includes several layers representing different sub-areas of male infertility research. Adopting this Funnel Model, using Scopus, we retrieved relevant bibliometric data (articles per year, authors, affiliations, journals, and countries) for various areas of male infertility research and performed descriptive statistics. Results The bibliometric analysis showed an exponential increase in male infertility research in the last 20 years. USA dominated in research output, with Agarwal, A. as the most prolific researcher. Testicular cancer, obesity and metabolic syndrome, and azoospermia were found to dominate male infertility research, whereas erectile dysfunction and unexplained male infertility had lesser attention. Interestingly, prognostic/diagnostic and mechanistic studies have significantly increased in parallel over the last 20 years. Furthermore, our bibliometric analysis revealed fewer publications in proteomics, transcriptomics and metabolomics when compared to genomics. Also, an increasing trend in publication was seen in assisted reproductive technology (ART) research. Conclusions An integrated and steep escalation in the field of omics and ART research appears to be a prerequisite for further development of future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Kristian Leisegang
- School of Natural Medicine, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Peter Natesan Pushparaj
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ralf Henkel
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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Darbandi M, Darbandi S, Agarwal A, Baskaran S, Dutta S, Sengupta P, Khorram Khorshid HR, Esteves S, Gilany K, Hedayati M, Nobakht F, Akhondi MM, Lakpour N, Sadeghi MR. Reactive oxygen species-induced alterations in H19-Igf2 methylation patterns, seminal plasma metabolites, and semen quality. J Assist Reprod Genet 2019; 36:241-253. [PMID: 30382470 PMCID: PMC6420547 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-018-1350-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study was conducted in order to investigate the effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels on the seminal plasma (SP) metabolite milieu and sperm dysfunction. METHODS Semen specimens of 151 normozoospermic men were analyzed for ROS by chemiluminescence and classified according to seminal ROS levels [in relative light units (RLU)/s/106 sperm]: group 1 (n = 39): low (ROS < 20), group 2 (n = 38): mild (20 ≤ ROS < 40), group 3 (n = 31): moderate (40 ≤ ROS < 60), and group 4 (n = 43): high (ROS ≥ 60). A comprehensive analysis of SP and semen parameters, including conventional semen characteristics, measurement of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), sperm DNA fragmentation index (DFI), chromatin maturation index (CMI), H19-Igf2 methylation status, and untargeted seminal metabolic profiling using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR), was carried out. RESULT(S) The methylation status of H19 and Igf2 was significantly different in specimens with high ROS (P < 0.005). Metabolic fingerprinting of these SP samples showed upregulation of trimethylamine N-oxide (P < 0.001) and downregulations of tryptophan (P < 0.05) and tyrosine/tyrosol (P < 0.01). High ROS significantly reduced total sperm motility (P < 0.05), sperm concentration (P < 0.001), and seminal TAC (P < 0.001) but increased CMI and DFI (P < 0.005). ROS levels have a positive correlation with Igf2 methylation (r = 0.19, P < 0.05), DFI (r = 0.40, P < 0.001), CMI (r = 0.39, P < 0.001), and trimethylamine N-oxide (r = 0.45, P < 0.05) and a negative correlation with H19 methylation (r = - 0.20, P < 0.05), tryptophan (r = - 0.45, P < 0.05), sperm motility (r = - 0.20, P < 0.05), sperm viability (r = - 0.23, P < 0.01), and sperm concentration (r = - 0.30, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION(S) Results showed significant correlation between ROS levels and H19-Igf2 gene methylation as well as semen parameters. These findings are critical to identify idiopathic male infertility and its management through assisted reproduction technology (ART).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Darbandi
- Department of Embryology and Andrology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, 1936773493, Iran
| | - Sara Darbandi
- Department of Embryology and Andrology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, 1936773493, Iran
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
| | - Sulagna Dutta
- Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, 42610, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, 42610, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hamid Reza Khorram Khorshid
- Genetics Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, 1985713834, Iran
| | - Sandro Esteves
- ANDROFERT, Andrology and Human Reproduction Clinic, Campinas, 13075-460, Brazil
| | - Kambiz Gilany
- Department of Embryology and Andrology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, 1936773493, Iran
| | - Mehdi Hedayati
- Molecular Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University for Medical Sciences, Tehran, 1985717413, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Nobakht
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Nishabur, 9314634814, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Akhondi
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute (ARI), ACECR, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, 1936773493, Iran
| | - Niknam Lakpour
- Department of Embryology and Andrology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, 1936773493, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Sadeghi
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute (ARI), ACECR, Shahid Beheshti University, Evin, Tehran, 1936773493, Iran.
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Manivannan C, Baskaran S, Vijayakumar P, Renganathan R. Spectroscopic investigation and computational studies on the interaction of Acriflavine with various estrogens. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2019; 206:622-629. [PMID: 30056036 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.07.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The fluorescence quenching of Acriflavine (AFN) by certain estrogens was examined in aqueous media by employing steady state and time-resolved fluorescence measurements. The absorption spectra of AFN change with significant bathochromic shift in presence of quencher molecules. The quenching behavior was examined by correlating the bimolecular quenching rate constant (kq) with the free energy change (ΔG). The decrease in quenching rate constant depends on the increase in oxidation potential of quencher molecules. The fluorescence quenching experiments were carried out in different solvents of varying polarities and reveals the possibility of charge transfer quenching mechanism. Lifetime measurements indicate static quenching. The quenching behavior is addressed from bond dissociation enthalpy (BDE) calculations. The antioxidant activity of estrogen compounds were evaluated by deoxyribose oxidation assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Manivannan
- Department of Chemistry, Bannari Amman Institute of Technology, Sathyamangalam-01, India.
| | - S Baskaran
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - P Vijayakumar
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-24, India
| | - R Renganathan
- School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli-24, India
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Abstract
In recent years, proteomics has been used widely in reproductive research in order to understand the molecular mechanisms related to gametes at the cellular level and the role of proteins involved in fertilization. Network and pathway analysis using bioinformatic tools have paved way to obtain a wider picture on the possible pathways associated with the key differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) and its implication in various infertility scenarios. A brief overview of advanced techniques and bioinformatic tools used for reproductive proteomics is presented. Key findings of proteomic-based studies on male and female reproduction are also presented. Furthermore, the chapter sheds light on the cellular pathways and potential biomarkers associated with male and female infertility. Proteomics coupled with bioinformatic analysis provides an ideal platform for non-invasive management of infertility in couples.
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Panner Selvam MK, Agarwal A, Dias TR, Martins AD, Baskaran S, Samanta L. Molecular Pathways Associated with Sperm Biofunction Are Not Affected by the Presence of Round Cell and Leukocyte Proteins in Human Sperm Proteome. J Proteome Res 2018; 18:1191-1197. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, United States
| | - Tânia R. Dias
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, United States
- Universidade da Beira Interior, 6201-001 Covilhã, Portugal
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana D. Martins
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, United States
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar and Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, United States
| | - Luna Samanta
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, United States
- Redox Biology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack, Odisha 753003, India
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Darbandi M, Darbandi S, Agarwal A, Baskaran S, Sengupta P, Dutta S, Mokarram P, Saliminejad K, Sadeghi MR. Oxidative stress-induced alterations in seminal plasma antioxidants: Is there any association with keap1 gene methylation in human spermatozoa? Andrologia 2018; 51:e13159. [PMID: 30298637 DOI: 10.1111/and.13159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (keap1)-nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway is one of the master regulators of cellular defence against oxidative stress. Epigenetic alterations like hypermethylation of keap1 gene impair keap1-Nrf2 system in several oxidative stress-associated diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the epigenetic status of keap1 in sperm DNA of normozoospermic subjects, having different levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in seminal plasma. Semen samples were obtained from 151 apparently healthy male partners of couples who attended the Avicenna infertility clinic. Samples were categorised into four groups according to their ROS levels: group A (n = 39, ROS < 20 RLU/s per 106 spermatozoa), group B (n = 38, 20 ≤ ROS < 40 RLU/s per 106 spermatozoa), group C (n = 31, 40 ≤ ROS < 60 RLU/s per 106 spermatozoa) and group D; (n = 43, ROS ≥ 60 RLU/s per 106 spermatozoa). Keap1 methylation status was assessed using methylation-specific PCR along with seminal total antioxidant capacity. The results showed no significant alterations in keap1 methylation in any groups, whereas the total antioxidant capacity enhanced with increasing levels of ROS exposure. These results indicate that keap1 was not methylated during ROS elevation and oxidative stress, suggesting that the cells have adopted other mechanisms to elevate antioxidant level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Darbandi
- Department of Embryology and Andrology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Darbandi
- Department of Embryology and Andrology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia
| | - Sulagna Dutta
- Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Department of Biochemistry, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kioomars Saliminejad
- Department of Embryology and Andrology, Reproductive Biotechnology Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Sadeghi
- Monoclonal Antibody Research Center, Avicenna Research Institute (ARI), ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Rathinakumar A, Baskaran S, Marimuthu G. Foraging of the Indian Short-nosed Fruit Bat Cynopterus sphinx on banana in shops and on the pieces dropped by monkeys at a temple. J Threat Taxa 2016. [DOI: 10.11609/jott.2622.8.13.9579-9583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The Indian Short-nosed Fruit Bat Cynopterus sphinx fed on the pieces of banana fruit that were dropped by monkeys on the tower of a temple and in nearby shops. The monkeys obtained fruits from devotees and shop owners. The peak number of bat visits occurred during pre- and post- midnight hours at the tower and shops, respectively, coinciding with the lights off situation and reduced human disturbance. The bats landed on bunches of ripe bananas hanging in the front of shops. The number of bat landings on the tower was greater than that in the shops. The overall number of bat visits were higher during October when compared to other periods of the year. This may be due to the occurrence of more festivals during October. Our study is an example of opportunistic feeding, in which banana pieces dropped while monkeys were feeding on them were eaten by the bats.
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Baskaran S, Murali Krishnan M, Arumugham MN. Synthesis, crystal structure, DNA binding, cleavage and cytotxicity, antimicrobial activity of new copper(II) complex with L-ornithine and 1,10-phenanthroline. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/15533174.2016.1186039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Baskaran
- Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore, India
| | - M. Murali Krishnan
- Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore, India
| | - M. N. Arumugham
- Department of Chemistry, Thiruvalluvar University, Serkadu, Vellore, India
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Baskaran S, Rathinakumar A, Maruthupandian J, Kaliraj P, Marimuthu G. The effect of daytime rain on the Indian Flying Fox (Mammalia: Chiroptera: Pteropodidae Pteropus giganteus). J Threat Taxa 2016. [DOI: 10.11609/jott.1959.8.2.8499-8502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
<p>Excessive water loss during the day due to heat stress in bats of the genus <em>Pteropus</em> appears to be inevitable, because these bats are exposed to direct sunlight. Rain also affects the rest pattern of the Indian Flying Fox <em>Pteropus giganteus </em>during the day. When rain occurred during the day, most of the bats hung in a slanting position and did not exhibit any movements. After rain, they licked both ventral and dorsal surfaces of the wing membrane and scratched their body with their thumb claws. They also licked the water droplets that remained on the leaves and branches of the tree. Even though their rest had been affected by the rain the bats utilized the water droplets to quench their thirst, cool their body and clean their fur. The construction of water reservoirs near <em>Pteropus </em>roosts will help to assure their long-term conservation.</p><div> </div>
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Ganesan A, Jacob SM, Baskaran S, Sivasangeetha K, Sushi KM, Anitha D. Assessment of Modified Immunofluorescent Technique for Detection of Human Leptospirosis in Febrile Patients in Chennai, India. Open Forum Infect Dis 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofv133.1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Thangapand V, Balaji S, Balasubram V, Baskaran S, Pavaraj M. Evaluation of Immunomodulatory Effect of Dietary Probiotics on the Common Carp, Cyprinus carpio. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.3923/rji.2013.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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