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Yao X, Liu W, Xie Y, Xi M, Xiao L. Fertility loss: negative effects of environmental toxicants on oogenesis. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1219045. [PMID: 37601637 PMCID: PMC10436557 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1219045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
There has been a global decline in fertility rates, with ovulatory disorders emerging as the leading cause, contributing to a global lifetime infertility prevalence of 17.5%. Formation of the primordial follicle pool during early and further development of oocytes after puberty is crucial in determining female fertility and reproductive quality. However, the increasing exposure to environmental toxins (through occupational exposure and ubiquitous chemicals) in daily life is a growing concern; these toxins have been identified as significant risk factors for oogenesis in women. In light of this concern, this review aims to enhance our understanding of female reproductive system diseases and their implications. Specifically, we summarized and categorized the environmental toxins that can affect oogenesis. Here, we provide an overview of oogenesis, highlighting specific stages that may be susceptible to the influence of environmental toxins. Furthermore, we discuss the genetic and molecular mechanisms by which various environmental toxins, including metals, cigarette smoke, and agricultural and industrial toxins, affect female oogenesis. Raising awareness about the potential risks associated with toxin exposure is crucial. However, further research is needed to fully comprehend the mechanisms underlying these effects, including the identification of biomarkers to assess exposure levels and predict reproductive outcomes. By providing a comprehensive overview, this review aims to contribute to a better understanding of the impact of environmental toxins on female oogenesis and guide future research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Yao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Weijing Liu
- Breast Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yidong Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingrong Xi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Faghani M, Saedi S, Khanaki K, Mohammadghasemi F. Ginseng alleviates folliculogenesis disorders via induction of cell proliferation and downregulation of apoptotic markers in nicotine-treated mice. J Ovarian Res 2022; 15:14. [PMID: 35067219 PMCID: PMC8785492 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-022-00945-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Ginseng is a powerful phytoestrogen with high antioxidant properties. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Panax Ginseng (PG) on folliculogenesis, proliferation, and apoptosis in the ovary impaired by nicotine. Methods Forty adult mice were divided into five groups. Control, sham, and nicotine groups, and co-treated groups of nicotine and ginseng in doses of 0.5 and 1 g/kg. Folliculogenesis was assessed via histopathology and serum evaluation of estradiol, progesterone, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and luteinizing hormone (LH) by ELISA. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities both in homogenate tissue and serum were assayed by colorimetric analysis. Apoptotic markers of cytochrome c (Cyt c), Bax, and Bcl-2 were evaluated by RT-PCR. Proliferative index was studied by the Ki-67 immunostaining procedure. Results In comparison to the control or sham groups, nicotine significantly reduced the levels of FSH, LH, and estradiol hormones. An insignificant reduction was observed in the progesterone hormone. Nicotine reduced all healthy follicle numbers, except primordial (P = 0.001). Malondialdehyde (MDA) was increased in tissue and serum in the nicotine group (P = 0.01). Serum catalase (CAT) and enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) both were reduced in tissue and the serum, in the nicotine group. Nicotine induced a reduction in the proliferative indexes of granulosa and theca cells in pre-antral and antral follicles (P = 0.001). However, its effect on the proliferative index of stroma cells was not significant. Apoptotic markers were elevated in the nicotine group (P = 0.001). Co-treatment with ginseng elevated all sex hormones, increased healthy follicles, and reduced tissue or serum lipid peroxidation, compared with the nicotine group (p < 0.05). Co-Treatment with ginseng also reduced the expression of apoptotic markers and increased the proliferative indexes in granulosa and theca cells in pre-antral and antral follicles and also in stroma cells, in comparison to the nicotine group (P = 0.001). All above-mentioned alterations following treatment with ginseng were remarkable, especially in the dose of 1 g/kg. Conclusion This study showed ginseng protects folliculogenesis via alteration of hypothalamic- pituitary–gonadal (HPG) axis, induction of proliferation in ovarian somatic cells, reduction of lipid peroxidation, and downregulation of apoptotic markers in the mouse ovary, treated with nicotine.
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Paccola CC, Souza GS, Freitas IMM, Souza JC, Martins LL, Vendramini V, Miraglia SM. Does maternal exposure to nicotine affect the oocyte quality and reproductive capacity in adult offspring? Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 426:115638. [PMID: 34242569 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Gonadal development begins in the intrauterine phase and females from most species are born with an established oocyte reserve. Exposure to drugs during gestation can compromise the offspring health, also affecting the gametes quality. Nicotine, the main component of cigarettes, is an oxidant agent capable of altering the fertility in men and women. As female gametes are susceptible to oxidative stress, this drug can damage the oolemma and affect oocyte maturation, induce errors during chromosomal segregation and DNA fragmentation. Oocyte mitochondria are particularly susceptible to injuries, contributing to the oocyte quality loss and embryonic development disruption. Thus, considering the high number of women who smoke during pregnancy, while significant events are occurring in the embryo for future fertility of offspring, we seek to verify the quality of the oocytes from adult rats exposed to nicotine during intrauterine phase and breastfeeding. Pregnant Wistar rats received nicotine by osmotic mini-pumps and the female progenies were evaluated in adulthood for oocyte quality (viability, lipid peroxidation, generation of reactive oxygen species and mitochondrial integrity) and reproductive capacity. Embryos (3dpc) and fetuses (20dpc) generated by these rats were also evaluated. The results showed that the dose of 2 mg/kg/day of nicotine through placenta and breast milk does not affect the number of oocytes and the fertility capacity of adult rats. However, it causes some morphological alterations in oocytes, mitochondrial changes, embryonic fragmentation and disruption of fetal development. The malformations in fetuses generated from these gametes can also indicate the occurrence of epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- C C Paccola
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
| | - G S Souza
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - I M M Freitas
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J C Souza
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - L L Martins
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - V Vendramini
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - S M Miraglia
- Developmental Biology Laboratory, Department of Morphology and Genetics, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Bharti D, Tikka M, Lee SY, Bok EY, Lee HJ, Rho GJ. Female Germ Cell Development, Functioning and Associated Adversities under Unfavorable Circumstances. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22041979. [PMID: 33671303 PMCID: PMC7922109 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present era, infertility is one of the major issues which restricts many couples to have their own children. Infertility is the inability to achieve a clinical pregnancy after regular unprotected sexual intercourse for the period of one year or more. Various factors including defective male or female germ cell development, unhealthy and improper lifestyles, diseases like cancer and associated chemo-or-radiation therapies, congenital disorders, etc., may be responsible for infertility. Therefore, it is highly important to understand the basic concepts of germ cell development including primordial germ cell (PGC) formation, specification, migration, entry to genital ridges and their molecular mechanisms, activated pathways, paracrine and autocrine signaling, along with possible alteration which can hamper germ cell development and can cause adversities like cancer progression and infertility. Knowing all these aspects in a proper way can be very much helpful in improving our understanding about gametogenesis and finding possible ways to cure related disorders. Here in this review, various aspects of gametogenesis especially female gametes and relevant factors causing functional impairment have been thoroughly discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Bharti
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (D.B.); (S.-Y.L.); (E.-Y.B.)
| | - Manisha Tikka
- Department of Zoology and Environmental Sciences, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India;
| | - Sang-Yun Lee
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (D.B.); (S.-Y.L.); (E.-Y.B.)
| | - Eun-Yeong Bok
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (D.B.); (S.-Y.L.); (E.-Y.B.)
| | - Hyeon-Jeong Lee
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093-0021, USA;
| | - Gyu-Jin Rho
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea; (D.B.); (S.-Y.L.); (E.-Y.B.)
- Correspondence:
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Zhan S, Huang J. Effects of Cigarette Smoking on Preimplantation Embryo Development. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2021; 1300:137-150. [PMID: 33523432 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-33-4187-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
In this chapter, we first gave a brief introduction to the detriments of cigarette smoking, with an emphasis on its adverse effects on female reproductive health. Then, we outlined recent advances about the impacts of cigarette smoke on preimplantation embryo development. Additionally, toxicities of cadmium and benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) at this specific developmental window were also discussed, to illustrate the potential mechanisms involved in cigarette smoke-associated embryotoxicity. Finally, we provide an overview of the issues to be solved in the future research. Further studies about the molecular mechanism of cigarette smoking-associated female infertility may provide vital insights into developing new interventions for the women smokers and thus improving their reproductive outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoquan Zhan
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Junjiu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, School of Life Sciences and the First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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de Angelis C, Nardone A, Garifalos F, Pivonello C, Sansone A, Conforti A, Di Dato C, Sirico F, Alviggi C, Isidori A, Colao A, Pivonello R. Smoke, alcohol and drug addiction and female fertility. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2020; 18:21. [PMID: 32164734 PMCID: PMC7069005 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-020-0567-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considerable interest has been gathered on the relevant impact of preventable factors, including incorrect lifestyle and unhealthy habits, on female fertility. Smoking, alcohol and addictive drugs consumption represent a major concern, given the broad range of diseases which might be favored or exacerbated by these dependable attitudes. Despite the well-characterized effects of prenatal exposure on pregnancy outcomes and fetus health, a substantial proportion of women of reproductive age is still concerned with these habits. At present, the impact of smoke, alcohol and addictive drugs on women fertility, and, particularly, the specific targets and underlying mechanisms, are still poorly understood or debated, mainly due to the scarcity of well-designed studies, and to numerous biases. OBJECTIVE The current review will provide a comprehensive overview of clinical and experimental studies in humans and animals addressing the impact of smoke, alcohol and addictive drugs on female fertility, by also embracing effects on ovary, oviduct, and uterus, with particular reference to primary endpoints such as ovarian reserve, steroidogenesis, ovulation and menstrual cycle, oviduct function and uterus receptivity and implantation. A brief focus on polycystic ovary syndrome and endometriosis will be also included. METHODS A Pubmed literature search was performed with selected keywords; articles were individually retrieved by each author. No limitation was set for publication date. Articles in languages other than English were excluded. Additional articles were retrieved from references list of selected manuscripts. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Currently, the most consistent evidences of a detrimental effect of smoke, alcohol and addictive drugs on specific domains of the female reproductive function are provided by experimental studies in animals. Overall, clinical studies suggest that smoking is associated to decreased fertility, although causal inference should be further demonstrated. Studies addressing the effect of alcohol consumption on female fertility provide conflicting results, although the majority reported lack of a correlation. Extremely scarce studies investigated the effects of addictive drugs on female fertility, and the specific actions of selected drugs have been difficult to address, due to multidrug consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina de Angelis
- I.O.S. & COLEMAN Srl, Naples, Italy
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XFERTISEXCARES Centro di Andrologia, Medicina della Riproduzione e della Sessualità Maschile e Femminile, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Nardone
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Garifalos
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XFERTISEXCARES Centro di Andrologia, Medicina della Riproduzione e della Sessualità Maschile e Femminile, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Pivonello
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Sansone
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rome “Sapienza”, viale Regina Elena 324, 00162 Roma, Italy
| | - Alessandro Conforti
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDepartment of Neuroscience, Reproductive Medicine, Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Carla Di Dato
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rome “Sapienza”, viale Regina Elena 324, 00162 Roma, Italy
| | - Felice Sirico
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Sanità Pubblica, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo Alviggi
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDepartment of Neuroscience, Reproductive Medicine, Odontostomatology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Andrea Isidori
- grid.7841.aDepartment of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rome “Sapienza”, viale Regina Elena 324, 00162 Roma, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XFERTISEXCARES Centro di Andrologia, Medicina della Riproduzione e della Sessualità Maschile e Femminile, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCattedra Unesco “Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile”, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Pivonello
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XDipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XFERTISEXCARES Centro di Andrologia, Medicina della Riproduzione e della Sessualità Maschile e Femminile, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
- grid.4691.a0000 0001 0790 385XCattedra Unesco “Educazione alla salute e allo sviluppo sostenibile”, Università “Federico II” di Napoli, Naples, Italy
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Rhon Calderón EA, Galarza RA, Faletti AG. 3-Methylcholanthrene impacts on the female germ cells of rats without causing systemic toxicity. Toxicology 2020; 429:152328. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2019.152328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Tilia L, Chapman M, Kilani S, Cooke S, Venetis C. Oocyte meiotic spindle morphology is a predictive marker of blastocyst ploidy-a prospective cohort study. Fertil Steril 2019; 113:105-113.e1. [PMID: 31739977 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2019.08.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate oocyte meiotic spindle (OMS) morphology at intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) as a predictor of blastocyst ploidy and whether OMS morphology could aid standard morphology-based blastocyst selection. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING In vitro fertilization clinic. PATIENT(S) Patients undergoing ICSI cycles with an intention to perform preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A) from October 2014 to December 2017. INTERVENTION(S) The OMS was visualized with the use of polarized light microscopy at the time of ICSI and the morphology classified as normal, dysmorphic, translucent, not visible, or in telophase. Blastocyst biopsy for PGT-A was performed on embryos with suitable development. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The association of OMS morphology with the resulting blastocyst ploidy was evaluated on an "intention-to-treat" (ITT) and an "as-treated analysis" (ATA) basis. RESULT(S) The morphology of 2,056 OMSs were classified. A strong association of OMS morphology with fertilization, cleavage to at least 6 cells on day 3, and good/top-quality blastocyst formation was present. Normal OMS was positively associated with blastocyst euploidy compared with all other OMS types combined, per either ITT or ATA. Even after controlling for female age, blastocyst quality, and developmental stage, the presence of a normal OMS was strongly associated with the probability of blastocyst euploidy. CONCLUSION(S) OMS morphology is a predictive marker of blastocyst ploidy and can potentially aid standard morphology-based blastocyst selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liza Tilia
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; IVF Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
| | - Michael Chapman
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; IVF Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Suha Kilani
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; IVF Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Simon Cooke
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; IVF Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Christos Venetis
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; Centre for Big Data Research in Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; IVF Australia, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Luderer U, Eskenazi B, Hauser R, Korach KS, McHale CM, Moran F, Rieswijk L, Solomon G, Udagawa O, Zhang L, Zlatnik M, Zeise L, Smith MT. Proposed Key Characteristics of Female Reproductive Toxicants as an Approach for Organizing and Evaluating Mechanistic Data in Hazard Assessment. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2019; 127:75001. [PMID: 31322437 PMCID: PMC6791466 DOI: 10.1289/ehp4971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification of female reproductive toxicants is currently based largely on integrated epidemiological and in vivo toxicology data and, to a lesser degree, on mechanistic data. A uniform approach to systematically search, organize, integrate, and evaluate mechanistic evidence of female reproductive toxicity from various data types is lacking. OBJECTIVE We sought to apply a key characteristics approach similar to that pioneered for carcinogen hazard identification to female reproductive toxicant hazard identification. METHODS A working group of international experts was convened to discuss mechanisms associated with chemical-induced female reproductive toxicity and identified 10 key characteristics of chemicals that cause female reproductive toxicity: 1) alters hormone receptor signaling; alters reproductive hormone production, secretion, or metabolism; 2) chemical or metabolite is genotoxic; 3) induces epigenetic alterations; 4) causes mitochondrial dysfunction; 5) induces oxidative stress; 6) alters immune function; 7) alters cell signal transduction; 8) alters direct cell–cell interactions; 9) alters survival, proliferation, cell death, or metabolic pathways; and 10) alters microtubules and associated structures. As proof of principle, cyclophosphamide and diethylstilbestrol (DES), for which both human and animal studies have demonstrated female reproductive toxicity, display at least 5 and 3 key characteristics, respectively. 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), for which the epidemiological evidence is mixed, exhibits 5 key characteristics. DISCUSSION Future efforts should focus on evaluating the proposed key characteristics against additional known and suspected female reproductive toxicants. Chemicals that exhibit one or more of the key characteristics could be prioritized for additional evaluation and testing. A key characteristics approach has the potential to integrate with pathway-based toxicity testing to improve prediction of female reproductive toxicity in chemicals and potentially prevent some toxicants from entering common use. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP4971.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Luderer
- Center for Occupational and Environmental Health, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California, USA
| | - Brenda Eskenazi
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Russ Hauser
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kenneth S. Korach
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
| | - Cliona M. McHale
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Francisco Moran
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Linda Rieswijk
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
- Institute of Data Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, Netherlands
| | - Gina Solomon
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Osamu Udagawa
- Center for Health and Environmental Risk Research, National Institute of Environmental Studies, Tsukuba-City, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Luoping Zhang
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Marya Zlatnik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Lauren Zeise
- Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment, California Environmental Protection Agency, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Martyn T. Smith
- School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California, USA
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Mihalas BP, Camlin NJ, Xavier MJ, Peters AE, Holt JE, Sutherland JM, McLaughlin EA, Eamens AL, Nixon B. The small non-coding RNA profile of mouse oocytes is modified during aging. Aging (Albany NY) 2019; 11:2968-2997. [PMID: 31128574 PMCID: PMC6555462 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Oocytes are reliant on messenger RNA (mRNA) stores to support their survival and integrity during a protracted period of transcriptional dormancy as they await ovulation. Oocytes are, however, known to experience an age-associated alteration in mRNA transcript abundance, a phenomenon that contributes to reduced developmental potential. Here we have investigated whether the expression profile of small non-protein-coding RNAs (sRNAs) is similarly altered in aged mouse oocytes. The application of high throughput sequencing revealed substantial changes to the global sRNA profile of germinal vesicle stage oocytes from young (4-6 weeks) and aged mice (14-16 months). Among these, 160 endogenous small-interfering RNAs (endo-siRNAs) and 10 microRNAs (miRNAs) were determined to differentially accumulate within young and aged oocytes. Further, we revealed decreased expression of two members of the kinesin protein family, Kifc1 and Kifc5b, in aged oocytes; family members selectively targeted for expression regulation by endo-siRNAs of elevated abundance. The implications of reduced Kifc1 and Kifc5b expression were explored using complementary siRNA-mediated knockdown and pharmacological inhibition strategies, both of which led to increased rates of aneuploidy in otherwise healthy young oocytes. Collectively, our data raise the prospect that altered sRNA abundance, specifically endo-siRNA abundance, could influence the quality of the aged oocyte.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina P Mihalas
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Environmental and Life Sciences and Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
- Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia
| | - Nicole J Camlin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Miguel J Xavier
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Environmental and Life Sciences and Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Alexandra E Peters
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Environmental and Life Sciences and Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
- Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia
| | - Janet E Holt
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Environmental and Life Sciences and Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Jessie M Sutherland
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Environmental and Life Sciences and Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
- Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia
| | - Eileen A McLaughlin
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Environmental and Life Sciences and Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
- Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- School of Science, the University of Canberra, Bruce, Australian Capital Territory 2617, Australia
| | - Andrew L Eamens
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Schools of Environmental and Life Sciences and Biomedical Science and Pharmacy, the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia
- Pregnancy and Reproduction Program, Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales 2305, Australia
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11
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Martin JH, Aitken RJ, Bromfield EG, Cafe SL, Sutherland JM, Frost ER, Nixon B, Lord T. Investigation into the presence and functional significance of proinsulin C-peptide in the female germline†. Biol Reprod 2019; 100:1275-1289. [PMID: 30715203 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with poor oocyte quality and the dysregulation of ovarian function and is thus a leading contributor to the increasing prevalence of female reproductive pathologies. Accordingly, it is well-established that insulin fulfills a key role in the regulation of several facets of female reproduction. What remains less certain is whether proinsulin C-peptide, which has recently been implicated in cellular signaling cascades, holds a functional role in the female germline. In the present study, we examined the expression of insulin, C-peptide, and its purported receptor; GPR146, within the mouse ovary and oocyte. Our data establish the presence of abundant C-peptide within follicular fluid and raise the prospect that this bioactive peptide is internalized by oocytes in a G-protein coupled receptor-dependent manner. Further, our data reveal that internalized C-peptide undergoes pronounced subcellular relocalization from the ooplasm to the pronuclei postfertilization. The application of immunoprecipitation analysis and mass spectrometry identified breast cancer type 2 susceptibility protein (BRCA2), the meiotic resumption/DNA repair protein, as a primary binding partner for C-peptide within the oocyte. Collectively, these findings establish a novel accumulation profile for C-peptide in the female germline and provide the first evidence for an interaction between C-peptide and BRCA2. This interaction is particularly intriguing when considering the propensity for oocytes from diabetic women to experience aberrant meiotic resumption and perturbation of traditional DNA repair processes. This therefore provides a clear imperative for further investigation of the implications of dysregulated C-peptide production in these individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacinta H Martin
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights and the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, Australia
| | - R John Aitken
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights and the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Elizabeth G Bromfield
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights and the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Shenae L Cafe
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights and the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Jessie M Sutherland
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights and the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Emily R Frost
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights and the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Brett Nixon
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights and the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Tessa Lord
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, Discipline of Biological Sciences, The Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights and the University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Newcastle, Australia
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Centre for Reproductive Biology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
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12
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Lane S, Kauppi L. Meiotic spindle assembly checkpoint and aneuploidy in males versus females. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:1135-1150. [PMID: 30564841 PMCID: PMC6513798 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-018-2986-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The production of gametes (sperm and eggs in mammals) involves two sequential cell divisions, meiosis I and meiosis II. In meiosis I, homologous chromosomes segregate to different daughter cells, and meiosis II resembles mitotic divisions in that sister chromatids separate. While in principle the process is identical in males and females, the time frame and susceptibility to chromosomal defects, including achiasmy and cohesion weakening, and the response to mis-segregating chromosomes are not. In this review, we compare and contrast meiotic spindle assembly checkpoint function and aneuploidy in the two sexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lane
- Department of Chemistry and the Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Building 85, Highfield Campus, Southampton, SO171BJ, UK
| | - Liisa Kauppi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
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13
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Mihalas BP, Bromfield EG, Sutherland JM, De Iuliis GN, McLaughlin EA, Aitken RJ, Nixon B. Oxidative damage in naturally aged mouse oocytes is exacerbated by dysregulation of proteasomal activity. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:18944-18964. [PMID: 30305393 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.005751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in oxidative protein damage is a leading contributor to the age-associated decline in oocyte quality. By removing such damaged proteins, the proteasome plays an essential role in maintaining the fidelity of oocyte meiosis. In this study, we established that decreased proteasome activity in naturally aged, germinal vesicle (GV) mouse oocytes positively correlates with increased protein modification by the lipid aldehyde 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Furthermore, attenuation of proteasome activity in GV oocytes of young animals was accompanied by an increase in 4-HNE-modified proteins, including α-tubulin, thereby contributing to a reduction in tubulin polymerization, microtubule stability, and integrity of oocyte meiosis. A decrease in proteasome activity was also recapitulated in the GV oocytes of young animals following exposure to oxidative insults in the form of either hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or 4-HNE. We also observed that upon oxidative insult, 4-HNE exhibits elevated adduction to multiple proteasomal subunits. Notably, the inclusion of the antioxidant penicillamine, to limit propagation of oxidative stress cascades, led to a complete recovery of proteasome activity and enhanced clearance of 4-HNE-adducted α-tubulin during a 6-h post-treatment recovery period. This strategy also proved effective in reducing the incidence of oxidative stress-induced aneuploidy following in vitro oocyte maturation, but was ineffective for naturally aged oocytes. Taken together, our results implicate proteasome dysfunction as an important factor in the accumulation of oxidatively induced protein damage in the female germline. This discovery holds promise for the design of therapeutic interventions to address the age-dependent decline in oocyte quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina P Mihalas
- From the Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia and
| | - Elizabeth G Bromfield
- From the Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia and
| | - Jessie M Sutherland
- From the Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia and
| | - Geoffry N De Iuliis
- From the Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia and
| | - Eileen A McLaughlin
- From the Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia and.,the School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - R John Aitken
- From the Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia and
| | - Brett Nixon
- From the Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales 2308, Australia and
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14
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Budani MC, Fensore S, Di Marzio M, Tiboni GM. Cigarette smoking impairs clinical outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies: A meta-analysis of the literature. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 80:49-59. [PMID: 29906539 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
There is convincing evidence that cigarette smoking can impair female reproductive potential. This meta-analysis updates the knowledge regarding the effects of cigarette smoking on clinical outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Twenty-six studies were included in this meta-analysis. Results were expressed as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and statistical heterogeneity between the studies was evaluated with Higgins (I2), Breslow (τ2), Birge's ratio (H2) indices and Chi-square test (χ2). A P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The analysis showed a significant decrease in live birth rate per cycle for smoking patients (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.44-0.79; P = 0.0005), a significant lower clinical pregnancy rate per cycle for smoking women (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.41-0.68; P < 0.0001), and a significant increase in terms of spontaneous miscarriage rate (OR 2.22, 95% CI 1.10-4.48; P = 0.025) for smokers. These findings demonstrate clear negative effects of cigarette smoking on the outcome of ART programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Budani
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
| | - Stefania Fensore
- Dipartimento di Scienze Filosofiche, Pedagogiche ed Economico-Quantitative, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
| | - Marco Di Marzio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Filosofiche, Pedagogiche ed Economico-Quantitative, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
| | - Gian Mario Tiboni
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, University "G. d'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
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15
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Mohd Mutalip SS, Ab-Rahim S, Rajikin MH. Vitamin E as an Antioxidant in Female Reproductive Health. Antioxidants (Basel) 2018; 7:E22. [PMID: 29373543 PMCID: PMC5836012 DOI: 10.3390/antiox7020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2017] [Revised: 01/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin E was first discovered in 1922 as a substance necessary for reproduction. Following this discovery, vitamin E was extensively studied, and it has become widely known as a powerful lipid-soluble antioxidant. There has been increasing interest in the role of vitamin E as an antioxidant, as it has been discovered to lower body cholesterol levels and act as an anticancer agent. Numerous studies have reported that vitamin E exhibits anti-proliferative, anti-survival, pro-apoptotic, and anti-angiogenic effects in cancer, as well as anti-inflammatory activities. There are various reports on the benefits of vitamin E on health in general. However, despite it being initially discovered as a vitamin necessary for reproduction, to date, studies relating to its effects in this area are lacking. Hence, this paper was written with the intention of providing a review of the known roles of vitamin E as an antioxidant in female reproductive health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sharaniza Ab-Rahim
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sg. Buloh Campus, Selangor 42300, Malaysia.
| | - Mohd Hamim Rajikin
- Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Sg. Buloh Campus, Selangor 42300, Malaysia.
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16
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose is to provide a summary of the effects of cigarette smoking on steroid hormone metabolism and how it affects female fertility. RECENT FINDINGS Components of tobacco smoke such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons lead to transcriptional upregulation of a number of genes, including members of the cytochrome P450 (CYP) family, in particular CYP1B1 and CYP1A1. In humans, CYP1A1 and CYP1A2 are the primary enzymes catalyzing the 2-hydroxylation of estradiol. This pathway shunts available estrogen away from the more estrogenically potent 16α-hydroxylation to the production of catechol estrogens, mainly 2 and 4 hydroxyestradiol. SUMMARY Smoking has multiple effects on hormone secretion and metabolism. These effects are mainly mediated by the pharmacological action of tobacco alkaloids (nicotine and its metabolite cotinine). A strong body of evidence indicates that the negative effects of cigarette smoking on fertility compromises nearly every system involved in the reproductive process.
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17
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The lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxynonenal contributes to oxidative stress-mediated deterioration of the ageing oocyte. Sci Rep 2017; 7:6247. [PMID: 28740075 PMCID: PMC5524799 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-06372-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
An increase in intraovarian reactive oxygen species (ROS) has long been implicated in the decline in oocyte quality associated with maternal ageing. Oxidative stress (OS)-induced lipid peroxidation and the consequent generation of highly electrophilic aldehydes, such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4-HNE), represents a potential mechanism by which ROS can inflict damage in the ageing oocyte. In this study, we have established that aged oocytes are vulnerable to damage by 4-HNE resulting from increased cytosolic ROS production within the oocyte itself. Further, we demonstrated that the age-related induction of OS can be recapitulated by exposure of germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes to exogenous H2O2. Such treatments stimulated an increase in 4-HNE generation, which remained elevated during in vitro oocyte maturation to metaphase II. Additionally, exposure of GV oocytes to either H2O2 or 4-HNE resulted in decreased meiotic completion, increased spindle abnormalities, chromosome misalignments and aneuploidy. In seeking to account for these data, we revealed that proteins essential for oocyte health and meiotic development, namely α-, β-, and γ-tubulin are vulnerable to adduction via 4-HNE. Importantly, 4-HNE-tubulin adduction, as well as increased aneuploidy rates, were resolved by co-treatment with the antioxidant penicillamine, demonstrating a possible therapeutic mechanism to improve oocyte quality in older females.
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18
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Budani MC, Tiboni GM. Ovotoxicity of cigarette smoke: A systematic review of the literature. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 72:164-181. [PMID: 28684319 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.06.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
This study reviews the scientific literature on the noxious effects of cigarette smoke on the ovarian follicle, and the cumulative data on the impact of smoking on in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle outcome. There is a close association between tobacco smoke and accelerated follicle loss, abnormal follicle growth and impairment of oocyte morphology and maturation. There is an increasing amount of evidence indicating that smoke can directly derange folliculogenesis. Increased cellular apoptosis or autophagy, DNA damage and abnormal crosstalk between oocyte and granulosa cells have been implicated in the demise of ovarian follicles. It becomes increasingly clear that maternal smoking can exert multigenerational effects on the ovarian function of the progeny. Growing evidence suggests that cigarette smoke is associated with decreased results after IVF. Further research is needed to better define the molecular mechanisms behind smoking-induced ovarian disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Budani
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy
| | - Gian Mario Tiboni
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Italy.
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19
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Cigarette smoke is associated with altered expression of antioxidant enzymes in granulosa cells from women undergoing in vitro fertilization. ZYGOTE 2017. [PMID: 28635583 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199417000132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study was undertaken to evaluate whether cigarette smoke is associated with changes in the expression of antioxidant enzymes in granulosa cells of women undergoing IVF treatments. For this aim, the expression of three antioxidant enzymes (SOD1, SOD2 and catalase) in non-smokers (n = 20) and smokers (n = 20) was analyzed. There was a statistically significant overexpression of SOD2 and catalase mRNA levels in smokers in comparison with non-smokers. Cigarette smoking was associated with a lower fertilization rate, implantation rate and pregnancy rate in comparison with non-smokers. There was no effect on retrieved oocytes number, metaphase II oocytes number, quality of embryos transferred and live birth rate. These findings suggest that cigarette smoke initiates oxidative stress in granulosa cells.
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20
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Nicotine effect toward the oocyte level of rats (Rattus novergicus). ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjr.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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21
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Wong CY, Mills JK. Multi-Pulse laser ablation modeling with applications to automated zona removal. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2016; 2015:2567-70. [PMID: 26736816 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2015.7318916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Laser zona drilling (LZD), the ablation of a portion of the zona pellucida (ZP) in embryos with the use of a laser, is a required step in many embryonic surgical procedures such as assisted hatching and preimplantation genetic diagnosis. The objective of LZD is to remove specific locations of the ZP while minimizing potential harmful thermal effects to important structures of the embryo, namely the blastomeres. Current thermal analyzes of lasers used in LZD only encompass the use of a single pulse, whereas LZD is typically performed using multiple pulses. In this paper we analyze the effect of multipulse LZD and introduce a linear approximation method for multi-pulse LZD. Furthermore, we describe a novel method of measuring the thermal effect of a single laser pulse using the thermosensitive fluorescent dye Rhodamine B and a high speed camera.
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22
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Camlin NJ, Sobinoff AP, Sutherland JM, Beckett EL, Jarnicki AG, Vanders RL, Hansbro PM, McLaughlin EA, Holt JE. Maternal Smoke Exposure Impairs the Long-Term Fertility of Female Offspring in a Murine Model. Biol Reprod 2016; 94:39. [PMID: 26764348 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.115.135848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The theory of fetal origins of adult disease was first proposed in 1989, and in the decades since, a wide range of other diseases from obesity to asthma have been found to originate in early development. Because mammalian oocyte development begins in fetal life it has been suggested that environmental and lifestyle factors of the mother could directly impact the fertility of subsequent generations. Cigarette smoke is a known ovotoxicant in active smokers, yet disturbingly 13% of Australian and 12% of US women continue to smoke throughout pregnancy. The focus of our investigation was to characterize the adverse effects of smoking on ovary and oocyte quality in female offspring exposed in utero. Pregnant mice were nasally exposed to cigarette smoke for 12 wk throughout pregnancy/lactation, and ovary and oocyte quality of the F1 (maternal smoke exposed) generation was examined. Neonatal ovaries displayed abnormal somatic cell proliferation and increased apoptosis, leading to a reduction in follicle numbers. Further investigation found that altered somatic cell proliferation and reduced follicle number continued into adulthood; however, apoptosis did not. This reduction in follicles resulted in decreased oocyte numbers, with these oocytes found to have elevated levels of oxidative stress, altered metaphase II spindle, and reduced sperm-egg interaction. These ovarian and oocyte changes ultimately lead to subfertility, with maternal smoke-exposed animals having smaller litters and also taking longer to conceive. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that in utero and lactational exposure to cigarette smoke can have long-lasting effects on the fertility of the next generation of females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Camlin
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alexander P Sobinoff
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia Telomere Length Regulation Group, Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jessie M Sutherland
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emma L Beckett
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Andrew G Jarnicki
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rebecca L Vanders
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eileen A McLaughlin
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Janet E Holt
- School of Biomedical Sciences & Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
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23
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Bertoldo MJ, Guibert E, Faure M, Ramé C, Foretz M, Viollet B, Dupont J, Froment P. Specific deletion of AMP-activated protein kinase (α1AMPK) in murine oocytes alters junctional protein expression and mitochondrial physiology. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0119680. [PMID: 25767884 PMCID: PMC4359026 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oogenesis and folliculogenesis are dynamic processes that are regulated by endocrine, paracrine and autocrine signals. These signals are exchanged between the oocyte and the somatic cells of the follicle. Here we analyzed the role of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), an important regulator of cellular energy homeostasis, by using transgenic mice deficient in α1AMPK specifically in the oocyte. We found a decrease of 27% in litter size was observed in ZP3-α1AMPK-/- (ZP3-KO) female mice. Following in vitro fertilization, where conditions are stressful for the oocyte and embryo, ZP3-KO oocytes were 68% less likely to pass the 2-cell stage. In vivo and in cumulus-oocyte complexes, several proteins involved in junctional communication, such as connexin37 and N-cadherin were down-regulated in the absence of α1AMPK. While the two signalling pathways (PKA and MAPK) involved in the junctional communication between the cumulus/granulosa cells and the oocyte were stimulated in control oocytes, ZP3-KO oocytes exhibited only low phosphorylation of MAPK or CREB proteins. In addition, MII oocytes deficient in α1AMPK had a 3-fold lower ATP concentration, an increase in abnormal mitochondria, and a decrease in cytochrome C and PGC1α levels, suggesting perturbed energy production by mitochondria. The absence of α1AMPK also induced a reduction in histone deacetylase activity, which was associated with an increase in histone H3 acetylation (K9/K14 residues). Together, the results of the present study suggest that absence of AMPK, modifies oocyte quality through energy processes and oocyte/somatic cell communication. The limited effect observed in vivo could be partly due to a favourable follicle microenvironment where nutrients, growth factors, and adequate cell interaction were present. Whereas in a challenging environment such as that of in vitro culture following IVF, the phenotype is revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Bertoldo
- UMR 7247 INRA CNRS Université de Tours Haras Nationaux Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, 37380, Nouzilly, France
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Edith Guibert
- UMR 7247 INRA CNRS Université de Tours Haras Nationaux Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Melanie Faure
- UMR 7247 INRA CNRS Université de Tours Haras Nationaux Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Christelle Ramé
- UMR 7247 INRA CNRS Université de Tours Haras Nationaux Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Marc Foretz
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Benoit Viollet
- INSERM, U1016, Institut Cochin, Paris, France
- CNRS, UMR8104, Paris, France
- Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Joëlle Dupont
- UMR 7247 INRA CNRS Université de Tours Haras Nationaux Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, 37380, Nouzilly, France
| | - Pascal Froment
- UMR 7247 INRA CNRS Université de Tours Haras Nationaux Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, 37380, Nouzilly, France
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24
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Zhan S, Zhang X, Cao S, Huang J. Benzo(a)pyrene disrupts mouse preimplantation embryo development. Fertil Steril 2015; 103:815-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 10/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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25
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Camlin NJ, McLaughlin EA, Holt JE. Through the smoke: use of in vivo and in vitro cigarette smoking models to elucidate its effect on female fertility. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2014; 281:266-75. [PMID: 25448442 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2014.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
A finite number of oocytes are established within the mammalian ovary prior to birth to form a precious ovarian reserve. Damage to this limited pool of gametes by environmental factors such as cigarette smoke and its constituents therefore represents a significant risk to a woman's reproductive capacity. Although evidence from human studies to date implicates a detrimental effect of cigarette smoking on female fertility, these retrospective studies are limited and present conflicting results. In an effort to more clearly understand the effect of cigarette smoke, and its chemical constituents, on female fertility, a variety of in vivo and in vitro animal models have been developed. This article represents a systematic review of the literature regarding four of experimental model types: 1) direct exposure of ovarian cells and follicles to smoking constituents' in vitro, 2) direct exposure of whole ovarian tissue with smoking constituents in vitro, 3) whole body exposure of animals to smoking constituents and 4) whole body exposure of animals to cigarette smoke. We summarise key findings and highlight the strengths and weaknesses of each model system, and link these to the molecular mechanisms identified in smoke-induced fertility changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole J Camlin
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - Eileen A McLaughlin
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia.
| | - Janet E Holt
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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Sobinoff AP, Sutherland JM, Beckett EL, Stanger SJ, Johnson R, Jarnicki AG, McCluskey A, St John JC, Hansbro PM, McLaughlin EA. Damaging legacy: maternal cigarette smoking has long-term consequences for male offspring fertility. Hum Reprod 2014; 29:2719-35. [PMID: 25269568 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deu235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION What are the effects on fertility of cigarette smoke-induced toxicity on male offspring exposed during the gestational/weaning period? SUMMARY ANSWER Maternal cigarette smoke exposure during the gestational/weaning period causes long-term defects in male offspring fertility. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Cigarette smoke is a well-known reproductive toxicant which is particularly harmful to both fetal and neonatal germ cells. However, recent studies suggest a significant portion of young mothers in the developed world still smoke during pregnancy. In the context of male reproductive health, our understanding of the effects of in utero exposure on offspring fertility is limited. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION In this study, 27 C57BL/6 5-week-old female mice were exposed via the nose-only to cigarette smoke (treatment) or 27 were exposed to room air (control) for 6 weeks before being housed with stud males to produce litters. In the treatment group, smoke exposure continued throughout mating, pregnancy and lactation until weaning of pups at 21 days post birth. Male offspring were examined at post-natal days 3, 6, 12, 21 and 98 (adult). PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Approximately 108 maternal smoke-exposed C57BL/6 offspring and controls were examined. Spermatogenesis was examined using testicular histology and apoptosis/DNA damage was assessed using caspase immunohistochemistry and TUNEL. Sertoli cell morphology and fluctuations in the spermatogonial stem cell population were also examined using immunohistochemistry. Microarray and QPCR analysis were performed on adult testes to examine specific long-term transcriptomic alteration as a consequence of maternal smoke exposure. Sperm counts and motility, zona/oolemma binding assays, COMET analysis and mitochondrial genomic sequencing were also performed on spermatozoa obtained from adult treated and control mice. Fertility trials using exposed adult male offspring were also performed. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Maternal cigarette smoke exposure caused increased gonocyte and meiotic spermatocyte apoptosis (P < 0.01) as well as germ cell depletion in the seminiferous tubules of neonatal and juvenile offspring. Aberrant testicular development characterized by abnormal Sertoli and germ cell organization, a depleted spermatogonial stem cell population (P < 0.01), atrophic seminiferous tubules and increased germ cell DNA damage (P < 0.01) persisted in adult offspring 11 weeks after exposure. Microarray analysis of adult offspring testes associated these defects with meiotic germ cell development, sex hormone metabolism, oxidative stress and Sertoli cell signalling. Next generation sequencing also revealed a high mitochondrial DNA mutational load in the testes of adult offspring (P < 0.01). Adult maternal smoke-exposed offspring also had reduced sperm counts with spermatozoa exhibiting morphological abnormalities (P < 0.01), affecting motility and fertilization potential. Odf2, a spermatozoa flagellum component required for coordinated ciliary beating, was also significantly down-regulated (P < 0.01) in maternal smoke-exposed adult offspring, with aberrant localization along the spermatozoa flagellum. Adult maternal smoke-exposed offspring took significantly longer to impregnate control females and had a slight but significant (P < 0.01) reduction in litter size. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This study examined only one species (mouse) using a smoking model which only simulates human cigarette smoke exposure. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study represents the first comprehensive animal model of maternal smoking on male offspring reproductive function, suggesting that exposure during the gestational/weaning period causes long-term defects in male offspring fertility. This is due to a compromised spermatogonial stem cell population resulting from gonocyte apoptosis and impaired spermatogenic development. This results in significant germ cell damage and Sertoli cell dysfunction, impacting germ cell number, tubule organization, DNA damage and spermatozoa in adult offspring. This study strengthens the current literature suggesting that maternal exposure impairs male offspring fertility, which is currently debated due to conflicting studies. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTERESTS This study was funded by the Australian Research Council, Hunter Medical Research Institute, National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia and the Newcastle Permanent Building Society Charitable Trust. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Sobinoff
- Reproductive Science Group, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia Priority Research Centre for Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - J M Sutherland
- Reproductive Science Group, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia Priority Research Centre for Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - E L Beckett
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - S J Stanger
- Reproductive Science Group, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia Priority Research Centre for Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - R Johnson
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - A G Jarnicki
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - A McCluskey
- Priority Research Centre for Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - J C St John
- Centre for Genetic Diseases, MIMR-PHI Institute of Medical Research, Monash University, 27-31 Wright Street, Clayton Vic 3168, Australia
| | - P M Hansbro
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, University of Newcastle and Hunter Medical Research Institute, Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
| | - E A McLaughlin
- Reproductive Science Group, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia Priority Research Centre for Chemical Biology, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia Monash Medical Centre, Monash Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
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27
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Mai Z, Lei M, Yu B, Du H, Liu J. The effects of cigarette smoke extract on ovulation, oocyte morphology and ovarian gene expression in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e95945. [PMID: 24776817 PMCID: PMC4002431 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0095945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoking can harm fertility, but the existing research has targeted primarily on ovarian follicles, embryos or sex hormone. In this study, we tested cigarette smoke extract on ovulation, oocyte morphology and ovarian gene expression associated with inhibition of oxidative stress using C57BL/6 mice. Mice in the experimental group were administered a cigarette smoke extract (CSE) solution (2 mg/ml) orally daily, while the blank control group was given dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO). A positive control group (menadione) was used that received an intraperitoneal injection of 15 mg/kg menadione in oil solution daily. We found that the CSE group manifested a reduced diameter of zona pellucida-free oocyte (ZP-free OD) and a morphologically misshapen first polar body (PB). Our results suggest that CSE exposure is associated with a shrink size and poor quality of oocytes. Quitting smoking is a wise choice to ensure good fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixin Mai
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Lei
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bolan Yu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongzi Du
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianqiao Liu
- Department of Reproductive Medicine Center, Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine of Guangdong Province, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail:
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28
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Fréour T, Dessolle L, Lammers J, Lattes S, Barrière P. Comparison of embryo morphokinetics after in vitro fertilization-intracytoplasmic sperm injection in smoking and nonsmoking women. Fertil Steril 2013; 99:1944-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2013.01.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2012] [Revised: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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29
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Sobinoff AP, Beckett EL, Jarnicki AG, Sutherland JM, McCluskey A, Hansbro PM, McLaughlin EA. Scrambled and fried: cigarette smoke exposure causes antral follicle destruction and oocyte dysfunction through oxidative stress. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2013; 271:156-67. [PMID: 23693141 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2013.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 05/07/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Cigarette smoke is a reproductive hazard associated with pre-mature reproductive senescence and reduced clinical pregnancy rates in female smokers. Despite an increased awareness of the adverse effects of cigarette smoke exposure on systemic health, many women remain unaware of the adverse effects of cigarette smoke on female fertility. This issue is compounded by our limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind cigarette smoke induced infertility. In this study we used a direct nasal exposure mouse model of cigarette smoke-induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to characterise mechanisms of cigarette-smoke induced ovotoxicity. Cigarette smoke exposure caused increased levels of primordial follicle depletion, antral follicle oocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress in exposed ovaries, resulting in fewer follicles available for ovulation. Evidence of oxidative stress also persisted in ovulated oocytes which escaped destruction, with increased levels of mitochondrial ROS and lipid peroxidation resulting in reduced fertilisation potential. Microarray analysis of ovarian tissue correlated these insults with a complex mechanism of ovotoxicity involving genes associated with detoxification, inflammation, follicular activation, immune cell mediated apoptosis and membrane organisation. In particular, the phase I detoxifying enzyme cyp2e1 was found to be significantly up-regulated in developing oocytes; an enzyme known to cause molecular bioactivation resulting in oxidative stress. Our results provide a preliminary model of cigarette smoke induced sub-fertility through cyp2e1 bioactivation and oxidative stress, resulting in developing follicle depletion and oocyte dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Sobinoff
- Reproductive Science Group, School of Environmental & Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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Novo S, Barrios L, Ibáñez E, Nogués C. The zona pellucida porosity: three-dimensional reconstruction of four types of mouse oocyte zona pellucida using a dual beam microscope. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2012; 18:1442-1449. [PMID: 23237572 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927612013487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, the applicability of focus ion beam-field emission scanning electron microscopy (FIB-FESEM) in the biological field has begun to get relevance. Among the possibilities offered by FIB-FESEM, high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction of biological structures is one of the most interesting. Using this tool, the 3D porosity of four different types of mouse oocyte zona pellucida (ZP) was analyzed. A surface analysis of the mouse oocyte ZP was first performed by SEM. Next, one oocyte per ZP type was selected, and an area of its ZP was completely milled, using the cut and view mode, in the FIB-FESEM. Through a 3D reconstruction of the milled area, a map of the distribution of the pores across the ZP was established and the number and volume of pores were quantified, thus enabling for the first time the study of the inner porosity of the mouse ZP. Differences in ZP porosity observed among the four types analyzed allowed us to outline a model to explain the changes that the ZP undergoes through immature, mature, predegenerative, and degenerative stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergi Novo
- Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, Fisiologia i Immunologia, Facultat de Biociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
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31
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Paixão LLO, Gaspar-Reis RP, Gonzalez GPL, Santos AS, Santana AC, Santos RMM, Spritzer PM, Nascimento-Saba CCA. Cigarette smoke impairs granulosa cell proliferation and oocyte growth after exposure cessation in young Swiss mice: an experimental study. J Ovarian Res 2012; 5:25. [PMID: 22995067 PMCID: PMC3489515 DOI: 10.1186/1757-2215-5-25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2012] [Accepted: 09/17/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cigarette smoke is associated with decreased female fertility, causing damage to ovarian function and disturbing follicle development. However, the effects of cigarette toxicants on ovarian function depend on duration and intensity of exposure. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of brief, intense exposure to tobacco smoke on granulosa cell number, oocyte growth, and follicle size during puberty in female Swiss mice. Methods Ten female Swiss mice aged 35 days were exposed to tobacco smoke from 3R4F reference research cigarettes. They were exposed to an automatic smoking machine 8 h/day, 7 days/week for 15 days. Ten age-matched controls were kept in a different room and exposed to ambient air. At the end of 15 days, five mice in each group were euthanized and the ovaries were analyzed for follicular morphometry and granulosa cell count. The remaining animals were kept for an additional 30 days for further analysis as an ex-smoker group and control group. Comparison between the two groups was evaluated by the Student’s t-test or a two-way ANOVA followed by Bonferroni post-test was applied for multiple comparisons. Results We found that cigarette smoke impaired antral follicular growth even after exposure cessation (p < 0.001). Both smoking and ex-smoking groups exhibited similar follicle diameter. However, at the same follicular stage, the number of granulosa cells was smaller in the ex-smoking group compared to smoking animals (p < 0.001). This was associated with increased oocyte diameter in ex-smoking animals compared to smoking animals (p < 0.01). Conclusions The negative effects of cigarette smoking seem to last even after exposure has been interrupted. Moreover, brief exposure during puberty may induce silent oocyte disruption, which could in turn lead to decreased fecundity rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa L O Paixão
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcântara Gomes, University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, Av, 28 de Setembro, 87 PAPC, Vila Isabel, 20551-030 , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Yuen WS, Merriman JA, O'Bryan MK, Jones KT. DNA double strand breaks but not interstrand crosslinks prevent progress through meiosis in fully grown mouse oocytes. PLoS One 2012; 7:e43875. [PMID: 22928046 PMCID: PMC3425511 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0043875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is some interest in how mammalian oocytes respond to different types of DNA damage because of the increasing expectation of fertility preservation in women undergoing chemotherapy. Double strand breaks (DSBs) induced by ionizing radiation and agents such as neocarzinostatin (NCS), and interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) induced by alkylating agents such as mitomycin C (MMC), are toxic DNA lesions that need to be repaired for cell survival. Here we examined the effects of NCS and MMC treatment on oocytes collected from antral follicles in mice, because potentially such oocytes are readily collected from ovaries and do not need to be in vitro grown to achieve meiotic competency. We found that oocytes were sensitive to NCS, such that this ionizing radiation mimetic blocked meiosis I and caused fragmented DNA. In contrast, MMC had no impact on the completion of either meiosis I or II, even at extremely high doses. However, oocytes treated with MMC did show γ-H2AX foci and following their in vitro maturation and parthenogenetic activation the development of the subsequent embryos was severely compromised. Addition of MMC to 1-cell embryos caused a similarly poor level of development, demonstrating oocytes have eventual sensitivity to this ICL-inducing agent but this does not occur during their meiotic division. In oocytes, the association of Fanconi Anemia protein, FANCD2, with sites of ICL lesions was not apparent until entry into the embryonic cell cycle. In conclusion, meiotic maturation of oocytes is sensitive to DSBs but not ICLs. The ability of oocytes to tolerate severe ICL damage and yet complete meiosis, means that this type of DNA lesion goes unrepaired in oocytes but impacts on subsequent embryo quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wai Shan Yuen
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julie A. Merriman
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Moira K. O'Bryan
- Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Keith T Jones
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail: *
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Wang ZB, Schatten H, Sun QY. Why is chromosome segregation error in oocytes increased with maternal aging? Physiology (Bethesda) 2012; 26:314-25. [PMID: 22013190 DOI: 10.1152/physiol.00020.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well documented that female fertility is decreased with advanced maternal age due to chromosome abnormality in oocytes. Increased chromosome missegregation is mainly caused by centromeric cohesion reduction. Other factors such as weakened homologous recombination, improper spindle organization, spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC) malfunction, chromatin epigenetic changes, and extra-oocyte factors may also cause chromosome errors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Bo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Sadeu JC, Foster WG. Cigarette smoke condensate exposure delays follicular development and function in a stage-dependent manner. Fertil Steril 2011; 95:2410-7. [PMID: 21514584 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.03.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2011] [Revised: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 03/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effects of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) on follicular development and function from the early preantral stage through ovulation. DESIGN Prospective laboratory study. SETTING Academic research environment. ANIMAL(S) Female F1 hybrid (C57BL/6j×CBA/Ca) mice. INTERVENTION(S) Mouse early preantral follicles (100-130 μm) were exposed to increasing concentrations of CSC (0 μg/mL [control] to 130 μg/mL) during in vitro growth and ovulation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Follicular development, follicle survival, gonadal steroid output, expansion of the cumulus-oocyte complex, oocyte growth, and maturation. RESULT(S) Cigarette smoke condensate exposure significantly inhibited follicular development in the preantral and antral stage and decreased follicle survival at 90 μg CSC/mL and higher. Estradiol output was significantly lower in CSC-exposed (90 and 130 μg/mL) follicles. Before ovulation, CSC significantly increased P output, which decreased thereafter. Cigarette smoke condensate exposure reduced cumulus-oocyte complex expansion and subsequently reduced the number of polar body oocytes. CONCLUSION(S) Cigarette smoke condensate exposure inhibits follicle development and leads to premature luteinization of the preovulatory follicle, with decreased oocyte maturation in a mouse isolated follicle culture system that mimics murine folliculogenesis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean Clair Sadeu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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