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Ono Y, Shirasawa H, Takahashi K, Goto M, Ono T, Sakaguchi T, Okabe M, Hirakawa T, Iwasawa T, Fujishima A, Sugawara T, Makino K, Miura H, Fukunaga N, Asada Y, Kumazawa Y, Terada Y. Shape of the first mitotic spindles impacts multinucleation in human embryos. Nat Commun 2024; 15:5381. [PMID: 38918406 PMCID: PMC11199590 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49815-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
During human embryonic development, early cleavage-stage embryos are more susceptible to errors. Studies have shown that many problems occur during the first mitosis, such as direct cleavage, chromosome segregation errors, and multinucleation. However, the mechanisms whereby these errors occur during the first mitosis in human embryos remain unknown. To clarify this aspect, in the present study, we image discarded living human two-pronuclear stage zygotes using fluorescent labeling and confocal microscopy without microinjection of DNA or mRNA and investigate the association between spindle shape and nuclear abnormality during the first mitosis. We observe that the first mitotic spindles vary, and low-aspect-ratio-shaped spindles tend to lead to the formation of multiple nuclei at the 2-cell stage. Moreover, we observe defocusing poles in many of the first mitotic spindles, which are strongly associated with multinucleation. Additionally, we show that differences in the positions of the centrosomes cause spindle abnormality in the first mitosis. Furthermore, many multinuclei are modified to form mononuclei after the second mitosis because the occurrence of pole defocusing is firmly reduced. Our study will contribute markedly to research on the occurrence of mitotic errors during the early cleavage of human embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ono
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
| | - Hiromitsu Shirasawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Kazumasa Takahashi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Mayumi Goto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ono
- Department of Neurosurgery, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Taichi Sakaguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Motonari Okabe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Takeo Hirakawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Takuya Iwasawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Akiko Fujishima
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Tae Sugawara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Kenichi Makino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Miura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Noritaka Fukunaga
- Asada Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Asada Ladies Clinic, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Asada
- Asada Institute for Reproductive Medicine, Asada Ladies Clinic, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yukiyo Kumazawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Terada
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Akita University Graduate School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
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Sun Y, Zhao H, Yang S, Wang G, Zhu L, Sun C, An Y. Urine-derived stem cells: Promising advancements and applications in regenerative medicine and beyond. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27306. [PMID: 38509987 PMCID: PMC10951541 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, stem cells are a prominent focus of regenerative engineering research. However, due to the limitations of commonly used stem cell sources, their application in therapy is often restricted to the experimental stage and constrained by ethical considerations. In contrast, urine-derived stem cells (USCs) offer promising advantages for clinical trials and applications. The noninvasive nature of the collection process allows for repeated retrieval within a short period, making it a more feasible option. Moreover, studies have shown that USCs have a protective effect on organs, promoting vascular regeneration, inhibiting oxidative stress, and reducing inflammation in various acute and chronic organ dysfunctions. The application of USCs has also been enhanced by advancements in biomaterials technology, enabling better targeting and controlled release capabilities. This review aims to summarize the current state of research on USCs, providing insights for future applications in basic and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shuguang Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, PR China
| | - Guangjie Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, PR China
| | - Leijie Zhu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, PR China
| | - Chang Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, PR China
| | - Youzhong An
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking University People's Hospital, PR China
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Tsai NC, Su YT, Lin YJ, Chiang HJ, Huang FJ, Kung FT, Huang HW, Lan KC. Monopronucleated (1PN) and tripronuclear (3PN) zygotes formation during assisted reproduction in POSEIDON group 4 patients: Emphasizing on polar bodies. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021; 47:3232-3240. [PMID: 34155738 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM Abnormal fertilization (1PN/3PN) and its accompanying polar body (PB) conditions have been less discussed in poor ovarian responders. By observing the PBs, we analyzed the mechanisms of abnormal fertilization and aimed to explore the role of intracytoplasmic sperm injection/in vitro fertilization (ICSI/IVF) in POSEIDON group 4 patients. METHODS An observational study. All fresh IVF/ICSI cycles from January 2018 to December 2019 were evaluated. The inclusion criteria were POSEIDON group 4. Fertilization and PB conditions were assessed 16-18 h post-insemination. Primary observation endpoints including normal fertilization, abnormal fertilization, and total fertilization failure rate. RESULTS A total of 351 cycles involving 180 patients met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 15 cycles reported no retrieved oocytes. Finally, 336 cycles (IVF, n = 267; ICSI, n = 69) were included. A total of 1005 oocytes and 939 embryos were assessed. The mean female age was 40.8 years, and the mean AMH level was 0.6 ng/mL. The normal fertilization rate was 69.7%. The zygote distribution was 18.7% 0PN, 3.9% 1PN, 66.9% 2PN, 9.5% 3PN, and 1.0% ≥4PN. For 1PN zygotes, 59% were denoted as 1PN2PB. The mean 3PN rate was 8.9%. CONCLUSIONS In POSEIDON group 4, most of the monopronucleated zygotes were 1PN2PB. Digyny (3PN1PB), due to failure to extrude the second PB, was the major cause of triploidy in which ICSI could not circumvent. The distribution of abnormally fertilized zygotes was similar in IVF and ICSI. To investigate the mechanisms of abnormal fertilization and assess whether ICSI is necessary, analysis of PB will provide important clues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni-Chin Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ju Chiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Jen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Tsai Kung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Wei Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chung Lan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Center for Menopause and Reproductive Medicine Research, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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Uzun KN, Cıncık M, Selam B, Takmaz Ö, Uyar E. Comparison of the rates for reaching the blastocyst stage between normal and abnormal pronucleus embryos monitored by a time-lapse system in IVF patients. J Turk Ger Gynecol Assoc 2021; 22:120-126. [PMID: 33041260 PMCID: PMC8187983 DOI: 10.4274/jtgga.galenos.2020.2020.0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the rates of blastocyst stage development between embryos fertilized after one (MPN) or more than two pronucleus (PN) (3PN, 4PN-multiPN) with those after 2PN in the same patients. Material and Methods The embryos of patients who had both abnormal PN (MPN, 3PN or 4PN) and normal fertilized (2PN) embryos after intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) fertilization, were followed with a time-lapse system following the ICSI procedure. The rates of reaching the blastocyst stage were compared between normal and abnormally fertilized embryos. Results One thousand eight hundred and twenty oocytes were collected from 140 patients and 1280 (70.3%) of them were fertilized. MPN, 2PN and 3PN, 4PN (multiPN) ratios of the embryos in the pronuclear stage were 11.4%, 83.13% and 5.47%, respectively. The rates of reaching the blastocyst stage among these embryos were 17.1%, 60.8% and 42.8% for MPN, 2PN and multiPN, respectively. The proportion reaching blastocyst development was significantly higher following 2PN compared to those after MPN and multiPN (p<0.05). Embryos developing after multiPN had significantly higher rates of reaching the blastocyst stage compared to those after MPN (p<0.01). Conclusion The majority of abnormally pronucleated embryos arrest without reaching the blastocyst stage. MultiPN embryos have a higher rate of blastocyst development than MPN embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kübra Nur Uzun
- PhD Student, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul Medipol University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Cıncık
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Maltepe University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Belgin Selam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Özgüç Takmaz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Uyar
- Unit of ART, Acıbadem Altunizade Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey
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Migration speed of nucleolus precursor bodies in human male pronuclei: a novel parameter for predicting live birth. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:1725-1736. [PMID: 33811586 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02172-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the relationship between the migration speed of nucleolus precursor bodies (NPBs) in male and female pronuclei (mPN; fPN) and human embryo development during assisted reproduction. METHODS The migration speed of 263 NPBs from 47 zygotes was quantitated, and embryonic development was observed until the blastocyst stage. The central coordinates of mPN, fPN, and NPBs were noted at multiple timepoints. Then, the distance traveled by the NPBs between two sequential images was measured, and migration speed was calculated. Additionally, we investigated the relationship between NPB migration speed and ploidy status (N = 33) or live birth/ongoing pregnancy (LB/OP) (N = 60) after assisted reproduction. RESULTS The NPB migration speed in both mPN and fPN was significantly faster in the zygotes that developed into blastocysts (N = 25) than that in the zygotes that arrested (N = 22). The timing of blastulation was negatively correlated with NPB migration speed in the mPN. Faster NPB migration was significantly correlated with LB/OP. In multivariate logistic analysis, NPB migration speed in the mPN was the only morphokinetic parameter associated with LB/OP. In a receiver-operating characteristic curve analysis of LB/OP by the NPB migration speed in the mPN, the cut-off value was 4.56 μm/h. When this cut-off value was applied to blastocysts with preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy, 100% of the blastocysts faster than or equal to the cut-off value were euploid. CONCLUSION The NPBs migrated faster in zygotes having the potential to develop into a blastocyst, and eventually into a baby. This predictor could be an attractive marker for non-invasive embryo selection.
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M. Falah K. Intracytoplasmic sperm injection with fresh versus cryopreserved testicular sperm in azoospermic patients. MIDDLE EAST FERTILITY SOCIETY JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s43043-019-0010-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The purpose of this study is to compare the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using fresh sperm versus frozen-thawed sperm in both obstructed and non-obstructed azoospermias. This retrospective study included 159 ICSI cycles from 126 couples. In 91 obstructed azoospermia cases, 66 cycles were treated with fresh testicular sperm and 25 cycles were treated with frozen-thawed testicular samples. In 68 non-obstructed azoospermia cases, 32 cycles were treated with fresh testicular sperm and 36 cycles were treated with frozen-thawed testicular sperm, and the main measure and outcomes calculated are fertilization rate, clinical pregnancy, and live birth rate.
Results
In case of obstructed azoospermia, there were no statistically significant differences between fresh sperm and frozen-thawed testicular sperm used for ICSI regarding fertilization rate, clinical pregnancy rate, and live birth rate as shown (57%, 47%, 0.093 p value; 23.7%, 17.4%, 0.54 p value; and 11.9%, 8.7%, 0.68 p value, respectively). Non-obstructed azoospermia cases also show no significant differences in fertilization rate (37%, 36%, 0.91 p value), clinical pregnancy rate (20%, 14.3%, 0.58 p value), and live birth rate (4%, 3.6%, 0.93 p value).
Conclusion
Cryopreservation of testicular sperm is reliable if carried out before ovulation induction especially in cases with non-obstructive azoospermia
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Ilyin IE, Nikitin OD, Gontar JV, Buderatska NO, Verlinsky OY. Application of the Pronuclear Scoring System for Predicting the Morphology and Ploidy of Early Human Embryos. CYTOL GENET+ 2019. [DOI: 10.3103/s0095452719030071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Amstislavsky SY, Kozhevnikova VV, Muzika VV, Kizilova EA. Reproductive biology and a genome resource bank of Felidae. Russ J Dev Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360417020023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Lavrentyeva E, Shishova K, Kagarlitsky G, Zatsepina O. Localisation of RNAs and proteins in nucleolar precursor bodies of early mouse embryos. Reprod Fertil Dev 2017; 29:509-520. [PMID: 26376167 DOI: 10.1071/rd15200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Early embryos of all mammalian species contain morphologically distinct but transcriptionally silent nucleoli called the nucleolar precursor bodies (NPBs), which, unlike normal nucleoli, have been poorly studied at the biochemical level. To bridge this gap, here we examined the occurrence of RNA and proteins in early mouse embryos with two fluorochromes - an RNA-binding dye pyronin Y (PY) and the protein-binding dye fluorescein-5'-isothiocyanate (FITC). The staining patterns of zygotic NPBs were then compared with those of nucleolus-like bodies (NLBs) in fully grown surrounded nucleolus (SN)-type oocytes, which are morphologically similar to NPBs. We show that both entities contain proteins, but unlike NLBs, NPBs are significantly impoverished for RNA. Detectable amounts of RNA appear on the NPB surface only after resumption of rDNA transcription and includes pre-rRNAs and 28S rRNA as evidenced by fluorescence in situ hybridisation with specific oligonucleotide probes. Immunocytochemical assays demonstrate that zygotic NPBs contain rRNA processing factors fibrillarin, nucleophosmin and nucleolin, while UBF (the RNA polymerase I transcription factor) and ribosomal proteins RPL26 and RPS10 are not detectable. Based on the results obtained and data in the contemporary literature, we suggest a scheme of NPB assembly and maturation to normal nucleoli that assumes utilisation of maternally derived nucleolar proteins but of nascent rRNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lavrentyeva
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Kseniya Shishova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - German Kagarlitsky
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
| | - Olga Zatsepina
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 16/10, Moscow, 117997, Russian Federation
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Lin PY, Huang FJ, Kung FT, Lin YC, Chiang HJ, Lin YJ, Lan KC. Reassessing the feasibility of the zygote score for predicting embryo viability in IVF/ICSI using the GnRH antagonist protocol compared to the long protocol. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171465. [PMID: 28152037 PMCID: PMC5289632 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many factors from the oocyte/sperm or the process of fertilization may affect the zygote formation. The zygote score (Z-score) describes the quality of a human zygote based on its pronuclear morphology, nucleolar precursor bodies, and alignment of polar bodies, and it can be used in the selection process at the zygote stage for embryo transfer or cryopreservation. OBJECTIVE The aim of this retrospective cohort study was to investigate the relationship between different controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocols and the zygote score (Z-score) and to assess the feasibility of the Z-score for predicting embryo survival in the GnRH-antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocol. METHODS It is a retrospective, single-center cohort study. A total of 3,826 zygotes with normal fertilization were analyzed from 744 in vitro fertilization /intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (IVF/ICSI) cycles (long protocol n = 392; GnRH-ant n = 352) between Jan 2010 and April 2014 in the IVF unit of Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Medical Center. RESULTS The Z-score distribution differed significantly between these two protocols. The overall Z-score was poorer for zygotes from GnRH-ant cycles (p<0.05). Univariate and multivariate analyses indicated the type of COS protocol is one of the main determinants of Z-score grading. Our study found good-quality day 3 embryo/blastocyst formation and the cumulative embryo survival rate were correlated with the Z-score but not the COS protocol. With the GnRH-ant protocol, the number of Z1 in the transferred cohort embryos was significantly correlated with the clinical pregnancy rate (r = 0.976; p = 0.024) and live birth rate (r = 0.971; p = 0.029). This correlation was not seen with the long protocol. CONCLUSIONS The Z-score distribution for the GnRH antagonist cycles was poorer than that of the long protocol, but the Z-score system is a valuable parameter for predicting embryo viability in the GnRH-ant protocol, providing a strong correlation with the clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin-Yao Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Jen Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Tsai Kung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chi Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Ju Chiang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chung Lan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- * E-mail:
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Gasotransmitters in Gametogenesis and Early Development: Holy Trinity for Assisted Reproductive Technology-A Review. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:1730750. [PMID: 27579148 PMCID: PMC4992752 DOI: 10.1155/2016/1730750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Creation of both gametes, sperm and oocyte, and their fusion during fertilization are essential step for beginning of life. Although molecular mechanisms regulating gametogenesis, fertilization, and early embryonic development are still subjected to intensive study, a lot of phenomena remain unclear. Based on our best knowledge and own results, we consider gasotransmitters to be essential for various signalisation in oocytes and embryos. In accordance with nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) physiological necessity, their involvement during oocyte maturation and regulative role in fertilization followed by embryonic development have been described. During these processes, NO- and H2S-derived posttranslational modifications represent the main mode of their regulative effect. While NO represent the most understood gasotransmitter and H2S is still intensively studied gasotransmitter, appreciation of carbon monoxide (CO) role in reproduction is still missing. Overall understanding of gasotransmitters including their interaction is promising for reproductive medicine and assisted reproductive technologies (ART), because these approaches contend with failure of in vitro assisted reproduction.
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Zhang Q, Guo XM, Li Y. Optimal polar bodies angle for higher subsequent embryo viability: a pilot study. Fertil Steril 2015; 105:670-675.e2. [PMID: 26632209 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2015] [Revised: 11/03/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the optimal polar bodies (PB) angle for higher subsequent embryo implantation potential. DESIGN Prospective study. SETTING Academic fertility center. PATIENT(S) From January to July 2015, 116 patients were recruited in their first IVF-ET cycles. INTERVENTION(S) At the pronuclear stage, PB angle was measured with the use of E-ruler 1.1. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) The primary outcome measure was good-quality embryo rate. Secondary measures were clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) and embryo implantation rate (IR). RESULT(S) A total of 1,103 oocytes were retrieved. PB angle was measured in 454 zygotes, and 164 of their subsequent embryos were transferred into the uterus. All-or-none implantation took place in 129 embryos, and 89 patients accepted fresh embryo(s) transfer with known PB angle. By means of receiver operating characteristic analysis, the optimal PB angle for subsequent embryo implantation was 24.25°. Based on this cutoff value, 454 zygotes were divided into two groups: small-angle and large-angle. A higher percentage of small-angle zygotes developed into good-quality embryos (70.97% vs. 58.58%). CPR and IR both decreased progressively from purely small-angle embryos to mixed embryos to purely large-angle embryos (CPR: 72.41% vs. 38.46% vs. 26.47%, respectively; IR: 63.27% vs. 26.92% vs. 16.67%, respectively). CONCLUSION(S) Noninvasive assessment of PB angle is a viable technique for zygote selection and should be included in embryo selection parameters. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ChiCTR-OOC-15005882.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyue M Guo
- Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Yanping Li
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Xiang-Ya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
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Qassem E, Falah K, Aghaways I, Salih T. A correlative study of oocytes morphology with fertilization, cleavage, embryo quality and implantation rates after intra cytoplasmic sperm injection. ACTA MEDICA INTERNATIONAL 2015. [DOI: 10.5530/ami.2015.1.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Athayde Wirka K, Chen AA, Conaghan J, Ivani K, Gvakharia M, Behr B, Suraj V, Tan L, Shen S. Atypical embryo phenotypes identified by time-lapse microscopy: high prevalence and association with embryo development. Fertil Steril 2014; 101:1637-48.e1-5. [PMID: 24726214 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2013] [Revised: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To characterize atypical dynamic embryo phenotypes identified by time-lapse microscopy, evaluate their prevalence, and determine their association with embryo development. DESIGN Retrospective multicenter cohort study. SETTING Five IVF clinics in the United States. PATIENT(S) Sixty-seven women undergoing IVF treatment with 651 embryos. INTERVENTION(S) Embryo videos were retrospectively analyzed for atypical phenotypes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Identification of four groups of atypical embryo phenotypes: abnormal syngamy (AS), abnormal first cytokinesis (A1(cyt)), abnormal cleavage (AC), and chaotic cleavage (CC). Prevalence and association with embryo morphology and development potential were evaluated. RESULT(S) A high prevalence of atypical phenotypes was observed among embryos: AS 25.1% (163/649), A1(cyt) 31.0% (195/639), AC 18% (115/639) and CC 15% (96/639). A high percentage of embryos with atypical phenotype(s) had good quality on day 3 (overall grade good or fair): AS 78.6% (70/89); A1(cyt) 79.7% (94/119), AC 86.4% (70/81), and CC 35.2% (19/54), but the blastocyst formation rates for these embryos were significantly lower compared with their respective control groups: AS 21.5% vs. 44.9%, A1(cyt) 21.7% vs. 44.6%, AC 11.7% vs. 43.1%, and CC 14.0% vs. 42.3%. CONCLUSION(S) Embryos exhibiting atypical phenotypes are highly prevalent in human embryos and show significantly lower developmental potential than control embryos. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT01369446.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joe Conaghan
- Pacific Fertility Center, San Francisco, California
| | - Kristen Ivani
- Reproductive Science Center of the Bay Area, San Ramon, California
| | - Marina Gvakharia
- Fertility Physicians of Northern California, Palo Alto Medical Foundation, San Jose, California
| | - Barry Behr
- Stanford Fertility and Reproductive Medicine Center, Palo Alto, California
| | | | - Lei Tan
- Auxogyn, Menlo Park, California
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Nicoli A, Palomba S, Capodanno F, Fini M, Falbo A, La Sala GB. Pronuclear morphology evaluation for fresh in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles: a systematic review. J Ovarian Res 2013; 6:64. [PMID: 24028277 PMCID: PMC3847610 DOI: 10.1186/1757-2215-6-64] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2013] [Accepted: 08/16/2013] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The current systematic review was aimed to assess the effectiveness of the zygote morphology evaluation in fresh in vitro fertilization (IVF) and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. All available studies reporting on zygote morphology and clinical and/or biological outcomes were analyzed. Forty studies were included in the final analysis. Fourteen different zygote scoring systems were employed. Zygote morphology correlated significantly with embryo quality and cleavage, blastocyst stage, embryonic chromosome status, in a high proportion of the studies which assessed the specific outcome [15/25 (60%), 15/20 (75%), 7/8 (87.5%), 6/6 (100%), respectively]. On the other hand, only a reduced proportion of papers showed a statistically significant relationship between implantation, pregnancy and delivery/live-birth rates and zygote morphology score [12/23 (52.2%), 12/25 (48%), 1/4 (25%), respectively]. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate the lack of conclusive data on the clinical efficacy of the zygote morphology evaluation in fresh IVF/ICSI cycles, even if biological results showing a good relationship with embryo viability suggest a role in cycles in which the transfer/freezing is performed at day 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Nicoli
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Pediatrics, A,O, Arcispedale S, Maria Nuova, IRCCS, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Viale Risorgimento 80, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy.
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