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Zhang L, Ten Hagen KG. O-Glycosylation of a male seminal fluid protein influences sperm binding and female postmating behavior. PNAS NEXUS 2024; 3:pgae322. [PMID: 39189023 PMCID: PMC11346359 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgae322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Glycoproteins are abundant within the human reproductive system and alterations in glycosylation lead to reproductive disorders, suggesting that glycans play an important role in reproductive function. In this study, we used the Drosophila reproductive system as a model to investigate the biological functions of O-glycosylation. We found that O-glycosylation in the male accessory glands, an organ responsible for secreting seminal fluid proteins, plays important roles in female postmating behavior. The loss of one O-glycosyltransferase, PGANT9, in the male reproductive system resulted in decreased egg production in mated females. We identified one substrate of PGANT9, lectin-46Ca (CG1656), which is known to affect female postmating responses. We further show that the loss of lectin-46Ca O-glycosylation affects its ability to associate with sperm tails, resulting in reduced transfer within the female reproductive system. Our results provide the first example that O-glycosylation of a seminal fluid protein affects its ability to associate with sperm in vivo. These studies may shed light on the biological function of O-glycans in mammalian reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Zhang
- Developmental Glycobiology Section, NIDCR, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-4370, USA
| | - Kelly G Ten Hagen
- Developmental Glycobiology Section, NIDCR, National Institutes of Health, 30 Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-4370, USA
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Almhanna H, Kumar AHS, Kilroy D, Duggan G, Irwin JA, Hogg B, Reid C. Comparison of Siglec-1 protein networks and expression patterns in sperm and male reproductive tracts of mice, rats, and humans. Vet World 2024; 17:645-657. [PMID: 38680147 PMCID: PMC11045525 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.645-657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectin 1 (Siglec-1) is a transmembrane glycoprotein involved in the sialic acid (Sia)-dependent regulation of the immune system. Siglec-1 expression has recently been identified in the male reproductive tract (MRT) of several species, including humans, cattle, horses, and sheep, and may play a role in modulating fertility in a Sia-dependent manner. Materials and Methods In this study, protein-protein interaction (PPI) analysis of Siglec-1 was conducted to identify associated network protein conservation, and the expression of Siglec-1 in the MRT of mice and rats, including their accessory sex glands and spermatozoa was determined by immunostaining. Results Network analysis of proteins with Siglec-1 in mice and rats demonstrated significant similarity to human Siglec-1 networks, suggesting a similar conservation of network proteins between these species and, hence, a potential conservation role in immune modulation and function. Specific immunostaining patterns of mouse and rat testes, epididymis, ductus deferens, accessory sex gland tissues, and sperm were detected using human Siglec-1. These results confirmed that the human Siglec-1 antibody could cross-react with mouse and rat Siglec-1, suggesting that the specific expression patterns of Siglec-1 in the MRT and sperm of both mice and rats are similar to those observed in other species. Conclusions The conservation of Siglec-1 expression patterns in sperm and within the MRT and the similarity of protein networks for Siglec-1 across species suggest that Siglec-1 may function in a similar manner across species. These results also suggest that rodents may serve as a valuable model system for exploring the function of Siglecs in the reproductive system across species and their potential role in modulating fertility in a Sia-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hazem Almhanna
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Al-Qadisiyah, Iraq
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin-04, Ireland
| | - Arun HS Kumar
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin-04, Ireland
| | - David Kilroy
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin-04, Ireland
| | - Gina Duggan
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin-04, Ireland
| | - Jane A. Irwin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin-04, Ireland
| | - Bridget Hogg
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin-04, Ireland
| | - Colm Reid
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin-04, Ireland
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3
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Deore B, Kwok RW, Toregeldiyeva M, Vázquez JT, Marianski M, Sanhueza CA. Conformational Properties of Aryl S-Glucosides in Solution. J Org Chem 2023; 88:15569-15579. [PMID: 37933138 PMCID: PMC11078472 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
The conformational study of saccharides and glycomimetics in solution is critical for a comprehensive understanding of their interactions with biological receptors and enabling the design of optimized glycomimetics. Here, we report a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) study centered on the conformational properties of the hydroxymethyl group and glycosidic bond of four series of aryl S-glucosides. We found that in acetyl-protected and free aryl S-β-glucosides, the rotational equilibrium around the C5-C6 bond (hydroxymethyl group) exhibits a linear dependence on the electronic properties of the aglycone, namely, as the aryl's substituent electron-withdrawing character increases, the dominance of the gg rotamer declines and the gt contribution rises. Likewise, the conformational equilibrium around the glycosidic C1-S bond also depends on the aglycone's electronic properties, where glucosides carrying electron-poor aglycones exhibit stiffer glycosidic bonds in comparison to their electron-rich counterparts. In the case of the α anomers, the aglycone's effect over the glycosidic bond conformation is like that observed on their β isomers; however, we observe no aglycone's influence over the hydroxymethyl group conformation in the α-glucosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavesh Deore
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York 11439, United States
| | - Ryan W Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, The City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Malika Toregeldiyeva
- The Bronx High School of Science, 75 W 205th Street, Bronx, New York 10468, United States
| | - Jesús T Vázquez
- Instituto Universitario de Bio-Orgánica "Antonio González", Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico Francisco Sánchez 2, 38206 La Laguna, Spain
| | - Mateusz Marianski
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, The City University of New York, 695 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10065, United States
- The Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Carlos A Sanhueza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John's University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, New York 11439, United States
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4
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Chen Y, Chen H, Zheng Q. Siglecs family used by pathogens for immune escape may engaged in immune tolerance in pregnancy. J Reprod Immunol 2023; 159:104127. [PMID: 37572430 DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2023.104127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
The Siglecs family is a group of type I sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like receptors that regulate cellular signaling by recognizing sialic acid epitopes. Siglecs are predominantly expressed on the surface of leukocytes, where they play a crucial role in regulating immune activity. Pathogens can exploit inhibitory Siglecs by utilizing their sialic acid components to promote invasion or suppress immune functions, facilitating immune evasion. The establishing of an immune-balanced maternal-fetal interface microenvironment is essential for a successful pregnancy. Dysfunctional immune cells may lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Siglecs are important for inducing a phenotypic switch in leukocytes at the maternal-fetal interface toward a less toxic and more tolerant phenotype. Recent discoveries regarding Siglecs in the reproductive system have drawn further attention to their potential roles in reproduction. In this review, we primarily discuss the latest advances in understanding the impact of Siglecs as immune regulators on infections and pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Chen
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 3025# Shennan Road, Shenzhen 518033, PR China
| | - Huan Chen
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 3025# Shennan Road, Shenzhen 518033, PR China
| | - Qingliang Zheng
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 3025# Shennan Road, Shenzhen 518033, PR China.
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Yi S, Feng Y, Wang Y, Ma F. Sialylation: fate decision of mammalian sperm development, fertilization, and male fertility†. Biol Reprod 2023; 109:137-155. [PMID: 37379321 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sperm development, maturation, and successful fertilization within the female reproductive tract are intricate and orderly processes that involve protein translation and post-translational modifications. Among these modifications, sialylation plays a crucial role. Any disruptions occurring throughout the sperm's life cycle can result in male infertility, yet our current understanding of this process remains limited. Conventional semen analysis often fails to diagnose some infertility cases associated with sperm sialylation, emphasizing the need to comprehend and investigate the characteristics of sperm sialylation. This review reanalyzes the significance of sialylation in sperm development and fertilization and evaluates the impact of sialylation damage on male fertility under pathological conditions. Sialylation serves a vital role in the life journey of sperm, providing a negatively charged glycocalyx and enriching the molecular structure of the sperm surface, which is beneficial to sperm reversible recognition and immune interaction. These characteristics are particularly crucial during sperm maturation and fertilization within the female reproductive tract. Moreover, enhancing the understanding of the mechanism underlying sperm sialylation can promote the development of relevant clinical indicators for infertility detection and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqi Yi
- Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Feng
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fang Ma
- Center for Translational Medicine, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Karanwal S, Pal A, Chera JS, Batra V, Kumaresan A, Datta TK, Kumar R. Identification of protein candidates in spermatozoa of water buffalo ( Bubalus bubalis) bulls helps in predicting their fertility status. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1119220. [PMID: 36891514 PMCID: PMC9986327 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1119220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) is an indispensable part of the Indian dairy sector and in several instances, the farmers incur economic losses due to failed pregnancy after artificial insemination (AI). One of the key factors for the failure of conception is the use of semen from the bulls of low fertilizing potential and hence, it becomes important to predict the fertility status before performing AI. In this study, the global proteomic profile of high fertile (HF) and low fertile (LF) buffalo bull spermatozoa was established using a high-throughput LC-MS/MS technique. A total of 1,385 proteins (≥1 high-quality PSM/s, ≥1 unique peptides, p < 0.05, FDR < 0.01) were identified out of which, 1,002 were common between both the HF and LF groups while 288 and 95 proteins were unique to HF and LF groups respectively. We observed 211 and 342 proteins were significantly high (log Fc ≥ 2) and low abundant (log Fc ≤ 0.5) in HF spermatozoa (p < 0.05). Gene ontology analysis revealed that the fertility associated high abundant proteins in HF were involved in spermatogenesis, sperm motility, acrosome integrity, zona pellucida binding and other associated sperm functions. Besides this, the low abundant proteins in HF were involved in glycolysis, fatty acid degradation and inflammation. Furthermore, fertility related differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) on sperm viz., AKAP3, Sp17, and DLD were validated through Western blotting and immunocytochemistry which was in coherence with the LC-MS/MS data. The DAPs identified in this study may be used as potential protein candidates for predicting fertility in buffaloes. Our findings provide an opportunity in mitigating the economic losses that farmers incur due to male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Karanwal
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Ankit Pal
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Jatinder Singh Chera
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Vipul Batra
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Arumugam Kumaresan
- Theriogenelogy Laboratory, SRS of National Dairy Research Institute, Bengaluru, India
| | - Tirtha K Datta
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Animal Genomics Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology Centre, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
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Xu M, Wu W, Zhao M, Chung JPW, Li TC, Chan DYL. Common dysmorphic oocytes and embryos in assisted reproductive technology laboratory in association with gene alternations. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 152:106298. [PMID: 36122887 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Amorphic or defected oocytes and embryos are commonly observed in assisted reproductive technology (ART) laboratories. It is believed that a proper gene expression at each stage of embryo development contributes to the possibility of a decent-quality embryo leading to successful implantation. Many studies reported that several defects in embryo morphology are associated with gene expressions during in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment. There is lacking literature review on summarizing common morphological defects about gene alternations. In this review, we summarized the current literature. We selected 64 genes that have been reported to be involved in embryo morphological abnormalities in animals and humans, 30 of which were identified in humans and might be the causes of embryonic changes. Five papers focusing on associations of multiple gene expressions and embryo abnormalities using RNA transcriptomes were also included during the search. We have also reviewed our time-lapse image database with over 3000 oocytes/embryos to show morphological defects possibly related to gene alternations reported previously in the literature. This holistic review can better understand the associations between gene alternations and morphological changes. It is also beneficial to select important biomarkers with strong evidence in IVF practice and reveal their potential application in embryo selection. Also, identifying genes may help patients with genetic disorders avoid unnecessary treatments by providing preimplantation genetic testing for monogenic/single gene defects (PGT-M), reduce embryo replacements by less potential, and help scientists develop new methods for oocyte/embryo research in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murong Xu
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Waner Wu
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Mingpeng Zhao
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China; Department of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jacqueline Pui Wah Chung
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Tin Chiu Li
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - David Yiu Leung Chan
- Assisted Reproductive Technology Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
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8
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Fliniaux I, Marchand G, Molinaro C, Decloquement M, Martoriati A, Marin M, Bodart JF, Harduin-Lepers A, Cailliau K. Diversity of sialic acids and sialoglycoproteins in gametes and at fertilization. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:982931. [PMID: 36340022 PMCID: PMC9630641 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.982931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Sialic acids are a family of 9-carbon monosaccharides with particular physicochemical properties. They modulate the biological functions of the molecules that carry them and are involved in several steps of the reproductive process. Sialoglycoproteins participate in the balance between species recognition and specificity, and the mechanisms of these aspects remain an issue in gametes formation and binding in metazoan reproduction. Sialoglycoproteins form a specific coat at the gametes surface and specific polysialylated chains are present on marine species oocytes. Spermatozoa are submitted to critical sialic acid changes in the female reproductive tract facilitating their migration, their survival through the modulation of the female innate immune response, and the final oocyte-binding event. To decipher the role of sialic acids in gametes and at fertilization, the dynamical changes of enzymes involved in their synthesis and removal have to be further considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Katia Cailliau
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF-Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Lille, France
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9
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Żeberkiewicz M, Hyc A, Iwan A, Zwierzchowska A, Ścieżyńska A, Kalaszczyńska I, Barcz E, Malejczyk J. Expression of Fucosyltransferase 4 ( FUT4) mRNA Is Increased in Endometrium from Women with Endometriosis. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11195606. [PMID: 36233470 PMCID: PMC9572337 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11195606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Endometriosis is a common gynecological disorder defined as the presence of endometrial-like tissue (glands and stroma) outside the uterus. The etiopathogenesis of endometriosis is still poorly recognized. It is speculated that stage-specific embryonic antigen 1 (SSEA-1)-positive stem-like glandular epithelial cells may contribute to the development of the disease. The synthesis of SSEA-1 is mediated by fucosyltransferase 4 encoded by the FUT4 gene. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the specific expression of FUT4 mRNA in biopsies of the endometrium from women with and without endometriosis. FUT4 mRNA levels were examined in 49 women with laparoscopically confirmed endometriosis and 28 controls by means of quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The expression of FUT4 mRNA was significantly increased in the endometrium of patients with endometriosis when compared to the controls (p < 0.0001). Expression of FUT4 mRNA in the endometrium was correlated with the severity of endometriosis (rs = 0.5579, p < 0.0001); however, there were no differences in endometrial FUT4 mRNA expression when comparing endometriotic lesions from various locations. The discriminatory ability of FUT4 mRNA expression was evaluated by receiver-operating characteristics (ROC), which showed high statistical significance (AUC = 0.90, p < 0.0001), thus indicating that an increased level of endometrial FUT4 mRNA may serve as a specific marker for endometriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Żeberkiewicz
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
- Postgraduate School of Molecular Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Hyc
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Iwan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aneta Zwierzchowska
- Chair and Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Cardinale Stefan Wyszyński University, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Multidisciplinary Hospital Warsaw-Miedzylesie, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aneta Ścieżyńska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Kalaszczyńska
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
- Diagendo Ltd., 05-504 Bobrowiec, Poland
| | - Ewa Barcz
- Chair and Clinic of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Cardinale Stefan Wyszyński University, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Multidisciplinary Hospital Warsaw-Miedzylesie, 04-749 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jacek Malejczyk
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical University of Warsaw, Chałubińskiego 5, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland
- Diagendo Ltd., 05-504 Bobrowiec, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +48-22-6295282
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Olejnik B, Ferens-Sieczkowska M. Seminal Plasma Glycoproteins as Potential Ligands of Lectins Engaged in Immunity Regulation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10489. [PMID: 36078205 PMCID: PMC9518496 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution, chronic stress, and unhealthy lifestyle are factors that negatively affect reproductive potential. Currently, 15-20% of couples in industrialized countries face the problem of infertility. This growing health and social problem prompts researchers to explore the regulatory mechanisms that may be important for successful fertilization. In recent years, more attention has been paid to male infertility factors, including the impact of seminal plasma components on regulation of the female immune response to allogenic sperm, embryo and fetal antigens. Directing this response to the tolerogenic pathway is crucial to achieve a healthy pregnancy. According to the fetoembryonic defense hypothesis, the regulatory mechanism may be associated with the interaction of lectins and immunomodulatory glycoepitopes. Such interactions may involve lectins of dendritic cells and macrophages, recruited to the cervical region immediately after intercourse. Carbohydrate binding receptors include C type lectins, such as DC-SIGN and MGL, as well as galectins and siglecs among others. In this article we discuss the expression of the possible lectin ligands, highly fucosylated and high mannose structures, which may be recognized by DC-SIGN, glycans of varying degrees of sialylation, which may differ in their interaction with siglecs, as well as T and Tn antigens in O-glycans.
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11
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Cell Surface Proteins for Enrichment and In Vitro Characterization of Human Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived Myogenic Progenitors. Stem Cells Int 2022; 2022:2735414. [PMID: 35251185 PMCID: PMC8894063 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2735414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Human myogenic progenitors can be derived from pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) for use in modeling natural and pathological myogenesis, as well as treating muscle diseases. Transgene-free methods of deriving myogenic progenitors from different PSC lines often produce mixed populations that are heterogeneous in myogenic differentiation potential, yet detailed and accurate characterization of human PSC-derived myogenic progenitors remains elusive in the field. The isolation and purification of human PSC-derived myogenic progenitors is thus an important methodological consideration when we investigate the properties and behaviors of these cells in culture. We previously reported a transgene-free, serum-free floating sphere culture method for the derivation of myogenic progenitors from human PSCs. In this study, we first performed comprehensive cell surface protein profiling of the sphere culture cells through the screening of 255 antibodies. Next, we used magnetic activated cell sorting and enriched the cells according to the expression of specific surface markers. The ability of muscle differentiation in the resulting cells was characterized by immunofluorescent labeling and quantification of positively stained cells. Our results revealed that myotube-forming cells resided in the differentiated cultures of CD29+, CD56+, CD271+, and CD15– fractions, while thick and multinucleated myotubes were identified in the differentiated cultures from CD9+ and CD146+ fractions. We found that PAX7 localization to the nucleus correlates with myotube-forming ability in these sorted populations. We also demonstrated that cells in unsorted, CD271+, and CD15– fractions responded differently to cryopreservation and prolonged culture expansion. Lastly, we showed that CD271 expression is essential for terminal differentiation of human PSC-derived myogenic progenitors. Taken together, these cell surface proteins are not only useful markers to identify unique cellular populations in human PSC-derived myogenic progenitors but also functionally important molecules that can provide valuable insight into human myogenesis.
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Janiszewska E, Kokot I, Gilowska I, Faundez R, Kratz EM. The possible association of clusterin fucosylation changes with male fertility disorders. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15674. [PMID: 34341430 PMCID: PMC8329075 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95288-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
In the seminal plasma (n = 118) and serum (n = 90) clusterin (CLU) the fucosylation and the expression of selected fucosyltransferases (FUTs) were analyzed. Samples from infertile men were divided into groups based on the results of the standard semen analysis: normozoospermic (N), teratozoospermic (T), asthenoteratozoospermic (AT) and oligoasthenoteratozoospermic (OAT). The CLU fucosylation was analyzed using lectin-ELISAs with biotinylated lectins specific to α1,3-, α1,2-linked antennary fucose, and α1,6-linked core fucose (LTA, UEA, and LCA, respectively). The concentrations of FUT3 and FUT4, reflecting the expression of Le oligosaccharide structures, were measured using ELISA tests. The differences in serum CLU and FUT4 concentrations, and in the expression of core fucose and antennary fucose α1,2-linked in CLU glycans between the N group and other groups examined suggest that the disturbances in sperm count, motility, and morphology are not the only cause of male infertility. Lack of similarities between levels of examined parameters in blood serum and seminal plasma may suggest the differences in mechanisms leading to glycoproteins glycosylation. It confirmed the observed differences in concentrations of seminal plasma CLU, FUT3, and FUT4 between the OAT group and N, T, AT groups, indicating that decreased sperm count may be related to these parameters expression. The serum CLU concentrations and expression of core fucose and fucose α1,2-linked in CLU, seem to be good markers differentiating normozoospermic men from those with abnormal sperm parameters, which was not observed for seminal plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Janiszewska
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 211A, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Izabela Kokot
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 211A, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Iwona Gilowska
- University of Opole, Institute of Health Sciences, Collegium Salutis Humanae, Katowicka Street 68, 45-060, Opole, Poland
- Clinical Center of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Neonatology in Opole, Reference Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Infertility, Reymonta Street 8, 45-066, Opole, Poland
| | - Ricardo Faundez
- InviMed Fertility Clinics, Rakowiecka Street 36, 02-532, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Maria Kratz
- Department of Laboratory Diagnostics, Division of Laboratory Diagnostics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Borowska Street 211A, 50-556, Wrocław, Poland.
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Aslan Çetin B, Ocal P, Irez T, Uslu E, Irmak K, Karataş S. The Association Between Follicular Fluid Sialic Acid Levels, Oocyte Quality, and Pregnancy Rates. Reprod Sci 2021; 29:633-638. [PMID: 34264515 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-021-00688-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sialic acid residues perform important roles in both physiological and pathologic processes. Our aim was to measure the levels of sialic acid in the follicular fluid of women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) and to assess correlations between IVF parameters and sialic acid levels. All women meeting the inclusion criteria underwent gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment and during oocyte retrieval, follicular fluids of mature follicles were collected and pooled for each patient. Correlation analysis was made between sialic acid levels and oocyte quality. Eighty-seven patients meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled. In terms of oocyte quality and sialic acid, follicular fluid total sialic acid (FF-TSA) levels positively correlated with germinal vesicle oocytes and metaphase I oocytes. In terms of clinical parameters, no correlation between sialic acid levels and body mass index, serum levels of hormones, duration of infertility, and the total dose of gonadotropins was observed. The mean FF-TSA was 86.1±35.19 mg/dl in the clinical pregnancy positive group and was 73.64±22.15 mg/dl in the clinical pregnancy negative group. FF-TSA levels positively correlated with immature oocytes. This can be either as part of the normal oocyte maturation or as a compensatory mechanism against reactive oxygen species during the oocyte maturation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berna Aslan Çetin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Pelin Ocal
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tulay Irez
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Biruni University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezel Uslu
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Kübra Irmak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Suat Karataş
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yedikule Surp Pırgiç Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
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14
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Ma Z, Yang H, Peng L, Kuhn C, Chelariu-Raicu A, Mahner S, Jeschke U, von Schönfeldt V. Expression of the Carbohydrate Lewis Antigen, Sialyl Lewis A, Sialyl Lewis X, Lewis X, and Lewis Y in the Placental Villi of Patients With Unexplained Miscarriages. Front Immunol 2021; 12:679424. [PMID: 34135905 PMCID: PMC8202085 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.679424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lewis antigens such as Sialyl Lewis A (sLeA), Sialyl Lewis X (sLeX), Lewis X (LeX), and Lewis Y (LeY) are a class of carbohydrate molecules that are known to mediate adhesion between tumor cells and endothelium by interacting with its selectin ligands. However, their potential role in miscarriage remains enigmatic. This study aims to analyze the expression pattern of sLeA, sLeX, LeX, and LeY in the placental villi tissue of patients with a medical history of unexplained miscarriages. Methods Paraffin-embedded slides originating from placental tissue were collected from patients experiencing a miscarriage early in their pregnancy (6–13 weeks). Tissues collected from spontaneous (n = 20) and recurrent (n = 15) miscarriages were analyzed using immunohistochemical and immunofluorescent staining. Specimens obtained from legally terminated normal pregnancies were considered as control group (n = 18). Assessment of villous vessel density was performed in another cohort (n = 10 each group) of gestation ages-paired placenta tissue. Protein expression was evaluated with Immunoreactive Score (IRS). Statistical analysis was performed by using Graphpad Prism 8. Results Expression of sLeA, sLeX, LeX, and LeY in the syncytiotrophoblast was significantly upregulated in the control group compared with spontaneous and recurrent miscarriage groups. However, no prominent differences between spontaneous and recurrent miscarriage groups were identified. Potential key modulators ST3GAL6 and NEU1 were found to be significantly downregulated in the recurrent miscarriage group and upregulated in the spontaneous group, respectively. Interestingly, LeX and LeY expression was also detected in the endothelial cells of villous vessels in the control group but no significant expression in miscarriage groups. Furthermore, assessment of villous vessel density using CD31 found significantly diminished vessels in all size groups of villi (small villi <200 µm, P = 0.0371; middle villi between 200 and 400 µm, P = 0.0010 and large villi >400 µm, P = 0.0003). Immunofluorescent double staining also indicated the co-localization of LeX/Y and CD31. Conclusions The expression of four mentioned carbohydrate Lewis antigens and their potential modulators, ST3GAL6 and NEU1, in the placenta of patients with miscarriages was significantly different from the normal pregnancy. For the first time, their expression pattern in the placenta was illustrated, which might shed light on a novel understanding of Lewis antigens’ role in the pathogenesis of miscarriages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Huixia Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Lin Peng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Christina Kuhn
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Anca Chelariu-Raicu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
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Structural Basis of Ligand Selectivity by a Bacterial Adhesin Lectin Involved in Multispecies Biofilm Formation. mBio 2021; 12:mBio.00130-21. [PMID: 33824212 PMCID: PMC8092209 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00130-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacterial adhesins are key virulence factors that are essential for the pathogen-host interaction and biofilm formation that cause most infections. Many of the adhesin-driven cell-cell interactions are mediated by lectins. Carbohydrate recognition by lectins governs critical host-microbe interactions. MpPA14 (Marinomonas primoryensis PA14 domain) lectin is a domain of a 1.5-MDa adhesin responsible for a symbiotic bacterium-diatom interaction in Antarctica. Here, we show that MpPA14 binds various monosaccharides, with l-fucose and N-acetylglucosamine being the strongest ligands (dissociation constant [Kd], ∼150 μM). High-resolution structures of MpPA14 with 15 different sugars bound elucidated the molecular basis for the lectin’s apparent binding promiscuity but underlying selectivity. MpPA14 mediates strong Ca2+-dependent interactions with the 3,4-diols of l-fucopyranose and glucopyranoses, and it binds other sugars via their specific minor isomers. Thus, MpPA14 only binds polysaccharides like branched glucans and fucoidans with these free end groups. Consistent with our findings, adhesion of MpPA14 to diatom cells was selectively blocked by l-fucose, but not by N-acetyl galactosamine. The MpPA14 lectin homolog present in a Vibrio cholerae adhesin was produced and was shown to have the same sugar binding preferences as MpPA14. The pathogen’s lectin was unable to effectively bind the diatom in the presence of fucose, thus demonstrating the antiadhesion strategy of blocking infection via ligand-based antagonists.
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16
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Gupta SK. Human Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins: Binding Characteristics With Human Spermatozoa and Induction of Acrosome Reaction. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:619868. [PMID: 33681199 PMCID: PMC7928326 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.619868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Human zona pellucida (ZP) matrix is composed of four glycoproteins designated as ZP glycoprotein -1 (ZP1), -2 (ZP2), -3 (ZP3), and -4 (ZP4). Mutations in the genes encoding human ZP glycoproteins are one of the causative factors leading to abnormal ZP matrix and infertility in women. Relevance of the human ZP glycoproteins in 'sperm-oocyte' binding has been delineated by using either transgenic animal models expressing human zona proteins or purified native/recombinant human zona proteins. Studies based on the purified native/recombinant human zona proteins revealed that ZP1, ZP3, and ZP4 primarily bind to the capacitated acrosome-intact human spermatozoa whereas ZP2 binds to acrosome-reacted spermatozoa. On the contrary, human spermatozoa binds to the eggs obtained from transgenic mouse lines expressing human ZP2 but not to those expressing human ZP1, ZP3, and ZP4 suggesting that ZP2 has an important role in human 'sperm-oocyte' binding. Further studies using transgenic mouse lines showed that the N-terminus of human ZP2 mediate the taxon-specific human sperm-oocyte binding. Both glycans and protein-protein interactions have a role in human gamete interaction. Further studies have revealed that the purified native/recombinant human ZP1, ZP3, and ZP4 are competent to induce acrosome reaction. Human sperm binds to the mouse transgenic eggs expressing human ZP1-4 instead of mouse ZP1-3 proteins, penetrated the ZP matrix and accumulated in the perivitelline space, which were acrosome-reacted suggesting that human ZP2 in transgenic mouse model also induce acrosome reaction. In humans N-linked glycosylation of zona proteins have been shown to play an important role in induction of the acrosome reaction. Hence in humans, based on studies using transgenic mouse model as well as purified native/recombinant zona proteins, it is likely that more than one zona protein is involved in the 'sperm-oocyte' binding and induction of the acrosome reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Kumar Gupta
- Reproductive Cell Biology Lab, National Institute of Immunology, New Delhi, India
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17
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Gómez-Torres MJ, Robles-Gómez L, Huerta-Retamal N, Sáez-Espinosa P, Avilés M, Aizpurua J, Romero A. FE-SEM Characterization of α-Mannose Density and Surface Mapping Changes in Human Sperm Head During In Vitro Capacitation. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2020; 26:1220-1225. [PMID: 33121558 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927620024630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Sperm capacitation includes the reorganization of plasma membrane components and the outstanding modification of the glycocalyx. The α-mannose presence and location during in vitro capacitation have been commonly described in human spermatozoa using Concanavalin A (Con A) lectin. However, it is still unclear to date how in vitro capacitation time affects the α-mannose residues and their topographic spatial distribution on sperm membrane. Here, we characterized the α-mannose density and specific membrane domain locations before and after in vitro capacitation (1–4 h) using high-resolution field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM). Results showed that α-mannose residues were present preferably on the acrosome domains for all physiological conditions. Uncapacitated sperm comparatively exhibits significant highest labeling densities of α-mannose residues. In addition, as in vitro capacitation takes place, significant and progressive decreasing of sugar residues was combined with their relocation mostly affecting acrosomal domain apical areas. Our findings reveal that combined approach using FE-SEM and gold nanoparticle topographical mapping offers new human sperm biomolecular and structural details during capacitation events.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Gómez-Torres
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. C. 99, Alicante03080, Spain
- Cátedra Human Fertility, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Laura Robles-Gómez
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. C. 99, Alicante03080, Spain
| | - Natalia Huerta-Retamal
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. C. 99, Alicante03080, Spain
| | - Paula Sáez-Espinosa
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. C. 99, Alicante03080, Spain
| | - Manuel Avilés
- Departamento de Biología Celular e Histología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Murcia e IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jon Aizpurua
- IVF Spain, Reproductive Medicine, Alicante, Spain
| | - Alejandro Romero
- Departamento de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Ap. C. 99, Alicante03080, Spain
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Almagor M, Levin Y, Halevy Amiran R, Fieldust S, Harir Y, Or Y, Shoham Z. Spontaneous in vitro hatching of the human blastocyst: the proteomics of initially hatching cells. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2020; 56:859-865. [PMID: 33197035 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-020-00522-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Spontaneous in vitro hatching of human blastocysts starts with the formation of a tunnel through the zona pellucida (ZP) by cellular projections of trophoblast cells. Our aim was to identify the proteins that are upregulated in these initially hatching cells as compared to trophectoderm (TE) cells from blastocysts that had not yet hatched. Forty seven women that underwent assisted reproduction treatment donated their ICSI-derived polyploid blastocysts for the study. In polyploid blastocysts that started spontaneous hatching, hatched clusters of cells were collected from the outer side of the ZP. Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry was applied to determine the proteins that were upregulated in these cells as compared to TE cells obtained from inside the ZP. Whole non-hatched polyploid blastocysts were used as controls. Overall 1245 proteins were identified in all samples. Forty nine proteins were significantly upregulated in hatching cells and 17 in the TE cells. There was minimal overlap between hatching and TE samples; only serine protease inhibitors (SERPINS) and lipocalin were detected in both samples. Myosin and actin were highly upregulated in the hatching cells as well as paraoxonase, N-acetylmuramoyl alanine amidase, and SERPINS clade A and galectin. In the TE cells, gamma butyrobetaine dioxygenase, lupus La protein, sialidase, lysosomal Pro-X carboxypeptidase, phospholipase b, and SERPINS clade B and A were among the most highly upregulated proteins. These findings may contribute to the basic knowledge of the molecular behavior of the specific cells that actively perforate the glycoprotein matrix of the ZP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Almagor
- Infertility and IVF Unit, Kaplan Medical Center, affiliated with Hadassah Medical School, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel , POB 1, 76100, Rehovot, Israel.
| | - Yishai Levin
- The Nancy and Stephen Grand Israel National Center for Personalized Medicine, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Rona Halevy Amiran
- Infertility and IVF Unit, Kaplan Medical Center, affiliated with Hadassah Medical School, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel , POB 1, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sheila Fieldust
- Infertility and IVF Unit, Kaplan Medical Center, affiliated with Hadassah Medical School, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel , POB 1, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yael Harir
- Infertility and IVF Unit, Kaplan Medical Center, affiliated with Hadassah Medical School, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel , POB 1, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yuval Or
- Infertility and IVF Unit, Kaplan Medical Center, affiliated with Hadassah Medical School, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel , POB 1, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Zeev Shoham
- Infertility and IVF Unit, Kaplan Medical Center, affiliated with Hadassah Medical School, the Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel , POB 1, 76100, Rehovot, Israel
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Bhattarai JK, Neupane D, Maruf MHU, Demchenko AV, Stine KJ. Recent Advances in the Application of Glycan-Modified Self-Assembled Monolayers. ADVANCES IN CHEMISTRY RESEARCH 2020; 60:95-119. [PMID: 33224429 PMCID: PMC7673301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Glycans have many important roles in human health and disease in processes such as infection, fertilization, cellular development, cellular adhesion, cancer metastasis and immune system response. The presentation of glycan structures on surfaces for screening of their interaction with protein binding partners, interactions with individual cells, and development of bioassays is an actively developing field. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of glycan terminated alkanethiols on gold have found application in many of these areas. Additionally, more complex structures such as glycan modified polymers on gold surfaces have provided new routes for multivalent glycan presentation. Glycans have also been conjugated to monolayers formed on other useful substrates such as glass or silicon wafers. SAMs have been formed both by direct immobilization of glycan terminated alkanethiols and by conjugation of glycans to pre-formed SAMs with reactive terminal groups. The structure of the SAMs has been characterized using a range of methods including surface spectroscopy, scanning probe microscopy, and electrochemical methods. The binding of proteins to these SAMs has been followed using methods including surface plasmon resonance and electrochemical techniques such as impedance spectroscopy. In this chapter, we will seek to review the recent literature concerning SAMs containing terminal glycans, with a focus on their biomolecular interactions. The applications of these glycan-modified SAMs to the screening and study of protein and cellular binding and to biosensor and assay development will be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay K. Bhattarai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri–St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, US
| | - Dharmendra Neupane
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri–St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, US
| | - Md Helal Uddin Maruf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri–St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, US
| | - Alexei V. Demchenko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri–St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, US
| | - Keith J. Stine
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Missouri–St. Louis, Saint Louis, MO, US
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Morgan CC, Hart MW. Molecular evolution of mammalian genes with epistatic interactions in fertilization. BMC Evol Biol 2019; 19:154. [PMID: 31345177 PMCID: PMC6659299 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-019-1480-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genes that encode proteins associated with sperm competition, fertilization, and sexual conflicts of interest are often among the most rapidly evolving parts of animal genomes. One family of sperm-expressed genes (Zp3r, C4bpa) in the mammalian gene cluster called the regulator of complement activation (RCA) encodes proteins that bind eggs and mediate reproductive success, and are therefore expected to show high relative rates of nonsynonymous nucleotide substitution in response to sexual selection in comparison to other genes not involved in gamete binding at fertilization. We tested that working hypothesis by using phylogenetic models of codon evolution to identify episodes of diversifying positive selection. We used a comparative approach to quantify the evidence for episodic diversifying selection acting on RCA genes with known functions in fertilization (and sensitivity to sexual selection), and contrast them with other RCA genes in the same gene family that function in innate immunity (and are not sensitive to sexual selection). RESULTS We expected but did not find evidence for more episodes of positive selection on Zp3r in Glires (the rodents and lagomorphs) or on C4BPA in Primates, in comparison to other paralogous RCA genes in the same taxon, or in comparison to the same orthologous RCA gene in the other taxon. That result was not unique to RCA genes: we also found little evidence for more episodes of diversifying selection on genes that encode selective sperm-binding molecules in the egg coat or zona pellucida (Zp2, Zp3) in comparison to members of the same gene family that encode structural elements of the egg coat (Zp1, Zp4). Similarly, we found little evidence for episodic diversifying selection acting on two other recently discovered genes (Juno, Izumo1) that encode essential molecules for sperm-egg fusion. CONCLUSIONS These negative results help to illustrate the importance of a comparative context for this type of codon model analysis. The results may also point to other phylogenetic contexts in which the effects of selection acting on these fertilization proteins might be more readily discovered and documented in mammals and other taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire C. Morgan
- Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN UK
- Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Michael W. Hart
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia V5A 1S6 Canada
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21
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Abstract
The Mycobacterium sp. BRS2A-AR2 is an endophyte of the mangrove plant Rhizophora racemosa G. Mey., which grows along the banks of the River Butre, in the Western Region of Ghana. Chemical profiling using 1H-NMR and HRESI-LC-MS of fermentation extracts produced by the strain led to the isolation of the new compound, α-d-Glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[6-O-(l-tryptophanyl)-β-d–fructofuranoside] or simply tortomycoglycoside (1). Compound 1 is an aminoglycoside consisting of a tryptophan moiety esterified to a disaccharide made up of β-d-fructofuranose and α-d-glucopyranose sugars. The full structure of 1 was determined using UV, IR, 1D, 2D-NMR and HRESI-LC-MS data. When tested against Trypanosoma brucei subsp. brucei, the parasite responsible for Human African Trypanosomiasis in sub-Saharan Africa, 1 (IC50 11.25 µM) was just as effective as Coptis japonica (Thunb.) Makino. (IC50 8.20 µM). The extract of Coptis japonica (Thunb.) Makino. is routinely used as laboratory standard due to its powerful antitrypanosomal activity. It is possible that, compound 1 interferes with the normal uptake and metabolism of tryptophan in the T. brucei subsp. brucei parasite.
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Parasuraman K, Chennaiah A, Dubbu S, Ibrahim Sheriff AK, Vankar YD. Stereoselective synthesis of substituted 1,2-annulated sugars by domino double-Michael addition reaction. Carbohydr Res 2019; 477:26-31. [PMID: 30954772 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A simple, highly stereoselective one-pot methodology for the synthesis of novel 1,2-annulated sugars comprising of oxa-oxa and oxa-carbasugar fused skeletons from 2-nitrogalactal and a sugar-derived enone, obtained from 2-formylgalactal, promoted by KOtBu and CH3ONa respectively is described. Both processes rely on a domino double-Michael addition reaction resulting in the formation of three stereocenters in a single pot, including a quaternary center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadigachalam Parasuraman
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India; PG and Research Department of Chemistry, C. Abdul Hakeem College (Autonomous), Melvisharam, 632509, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ande Chennaiah
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Sateesh Dubbu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - A K Ibrahim Sheriff
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, C. Abdul Hakeem College (Autonomous), Melvisharam, 632509, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yashwant D Vankar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India.
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Alkhodair K, Almhanna H, McGetrick J, Gedair S, Gallagher ME, Fernandez-Fuertes B, Tharmalingam T, Larsen PB, Fitzpatrick E, Lonergan P, Evans ACO, Carrington SD, Reid CJ. Siglec expression on the surface of human, bull and ram sperm. Reproduction 2018; 155:361-371. [PMID: 29581386 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Sialic acid (Sia) is a major constituent of both the sperm glycocalyx and female reproductive mucosal surface and is involved in regulating sperm migration, uterotubal reservoir formation and oocyte binding. Siglecs (sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin - like lectins) commonly found on immune cells, bind to Sia in a linkage- and sugar-specific manner and often mediate cell-to-cell interactions and signalling. Proteomic and transcriptomic analysis of human and bovine sperm have listed Siglecs, but to date, their presence and/or localisation on sperm has not been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to characterise the presence of Siglecs on the surface of bovine, human and ovine sperm using both immunostaining and Western blotting. Siglec 1, 2, 5, 6, 10 and 14 were identified and displayed both species- and regional-specific expression on sperm. Almost universal expression across Siglecs and species was evident in the sperm neck and midpiece region while variable expression among Siglecs, similar among species, was detected in the head and tail regions of the sperm. The possible role for these proteins on sperm is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Alkhodair
- School of Veterinary MedicineVeterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - H Almhanna
- School of Veterinary MedicineVeterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq
| | - J McGetrick
- School of Veterinary MedicineVeterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S Gedair
- School of Veterinary MedicineVeterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - M E Gallagher
- School of Veterinary MedicineVeterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B Fernandez-Fuertes
- School of Agriculture and Food ScienceUniversity College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T Tharmalingam
- School of Veterinary MedicineVeterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - P B Larsen
- Cryos International - Denmark ApSAarhus, Denmark
| | - E Fitzpatrick
- School of Veterinary MedicineVeterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - P Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food ScienceUniversity College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A C O Evans
- School of Agriculture and Food ScienceUniversity College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - S D Carrington
- School of Veterinary MedicineVeterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - C J Reid
- School of Veterinary MedicineVeterinary Sciences Centre, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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24
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Inci F, Ozen MO, Saylan Y, Miansari M, Cimen D, Dhara R, Chinnasamy T, Yuksekkaya M, Filippini C, Kumar DK, Calamak S, Yesil Y, Durmus NG, Duncan G, Klevan L, Demirci U. A Novel On-Chip Method for Differential Extraction of Sperm in Forensic Cases. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1800121. [PMID: 30250782 PMCID: PMC6145299 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201800121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
One out of every six American women has been the victim of a sexual assault in their lifetime. However, the DNA casework backlog continues to increase outpacing the nation's capacity since DNA evidence processing in sexual assault casework remains a bottleneck due to laborious and time-consuming differential extraction of victim's and perpetrator's cells. Additionally, a significant amount (60-90%) of male DNA evidence may be lost with existing procedures. Here, a microfluidic method is developed that selectively captures sperm using a unique oligosaccharide sequence (Sialyl-LewisX), a major carbohydrate ligand for sperm-egg binding. This method is validated with forensic mock samples dating back to 2003, resulting in 70-92% sperm capture efficiency and a 60-92% reduction in epithelial fraction. Captured sperm are then lysed on-chip and sperm DNA is isolated. This method reduces assay-time from 8 h to 80 min, providing an inexpensive alternative to current differential extraction techniques, accelerating identification of suspects and advancing public safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Inci
- Bio‐Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) LaboratoryCanary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologyStanford School of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304USA
| | - Mehmet O. Ozen
- Bio‐Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) LaboratoryCanary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologyStanford School of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304USA
| | - Yeseren Saylan
- Bio‐Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) LaboratoryCanary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologyStanford School of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304USA
| | - Morteza Miansari
- Bio‐Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) LaboratoryCanary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologyStanford School of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304USA
| | - Duygu Cimen
- Bio‐Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) LaboratoryCanary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologyStanford School of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304USA
| | - Raghu Dhara
- Bio‐Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) LaboratoryCanary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologyStanford School of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304USA
| | - Thiruppathiraja Chinnasamy
- Bio‐Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) LaboratoryCanary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologyStanford School of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304USA
| | - Mehmet Yuksekkaya
- Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Chiara Filippini
- Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Deepan Kishore Kumar
- Department of MedicineBrigham and Women's HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02115USA
| | - Semih Calamak
- Bio‐Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) LaboratoryCanary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologyStanford School of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304USA
| | - Yusuf Yesil
- Bio‐Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) LaboratoryCanary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologyStanford School of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304USA
| | - Naside Gozde Durmus
- Department of BiochemistryStanford UniversityStanford Genome Technology CenterPalo AltoCA94304USA
| | - George Duncan
- Crime LaboratoryBroward County Sheriff's OfficeFort LauderdaleFL33301USA
| | | | - Utkan Demirci
- Bio‐Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) LaboratoryCanary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early DetectionDepartment of RadiologyStanford School of MedicineStanford UniversityPalo AltoCA94304USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering (by courtesy)Stanford UniversityStanfordCA94305USA
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25
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Kołodziejczyk J, Blixt O, Olejnik B, Zimmer M, Ferens-Sieczkowska M. Application of lectin microarrays for the analysis of seminal plasma glycome. Andrologia 2018; 50:e13018. [PMID: 29665136 DOI: 10.1111/and.13018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We report application of lectin microarrays, exploiting simultaneous interaction of seminal plasma samples with multiple lectins of different sugar specificities to compare the glycomes of fertile and infertile men. The results indicate reduced lectin reactivity associated with decreased fertility, especially affecting oligozoospermic subjects and probably O-glycosylation. Lectin microarrays may become a potent tool for semen analysis in search of the association of glycosylation and male fertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Kołodziejczyk
- Department of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Medical University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - O Blixt
- Chemical Glycobiology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - B Olejnik
- Department of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Medical University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - M Zimmer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
| | - M Ferens-Sieczkowska
- Department of Chemistry and Immunochemistry, Medical University of Wrocław, Wrocław, Poland
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26
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Abstract
An ovulated egg of vertebrates is surrounded by unique extracellular matrix, the egg coat or zona pellucida, playing important roles in fertilization and early development. The vertebrate egg coat is composed of two to six zona pellucida (ZP) glycoproteins that are characterized by the evolutionarily conserved ZP-domain module and classified into six subfamilies based on phylogenetic analyses. Interestingly, investigations of biochemical and functional features of the ZP glycoproteins show that the roles of each ZP-glycoprotein family member in the egg-coat formation and the egg-sperm interactions seemingly vary across vertebrates. This might be one reason why comprehensive understandings of the molecular basis of either architecture or physiological functions of egg coat still remain elusive despite more than 3 decades of intensive investigations. In this chapter, an overview of avian egg focusing on the oogenesis are provided in the first section, and unique features of avian egg coat, i.e., perivitelline layer, including the morphology, biogenesis pathway, and physiological functions are discussed mainly on chicken and quail in terms of the characteristics of ZP glycoproteins in the following sections. In addition, these features of avian egg coat are compared to mammalian zona pellucida, from the viewpoint that the structural and functional varieties of ZP glycoproteins might be associated with the evolutionary adaptation to their reproductive strategies. By comparing the egg coat of birds and mammals whose reproductive strategies are largely different, new insights into the molecular mechanisms of vertebrate egg-sperm interactions might be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Okumura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, Nagoya, Japan.
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27
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Hart MW, Stover DA, Guerra V, Mozaffari SV, Ober C, Mugal CF, Kaj I. Positive selection on human gamete-recognition genes. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4259. [PMID: 29340252 PMCID: PMC5767332 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Coevolution of genes that encode interacting proteins expressed on the surfaces of sperm and eggs can lead to variation in reproductive compatibility between mates and reproductive isolation between members of different species. Previous studies in mice and other mammals have focused in particular on evidence for positive or diversifying selection that shapes the evolution of genes that encode sperm-binding proteins expressed in the egg coat or zona pellucida (ZP). By fitting phylogenetic models of codon evolution to data from the 1000 Genomes Project, we identified candidate sites evolving under diversifying selection in the human genes ZP3 and ZP2. We also identified one candidate site under positive selection in C4BPA, which encodes a repetitive protein similar to the mouse protein ZP3R that is expressed in the sperm head and binds to the ZP at fertilization. Results from several additional analyses that applied population genetic models to the same data were consistent with the hypothesis of selection on those candidate sites leading to coevolution of sperm- and egg-expressed genes. By contrast, we found no candidate sites under selection in a fourth gene (ZP1) that encodes an egg coat structural protein not directly involved in sperm binding. Finally, we found that two of the candidate sites (in C4BPA and ZP2) were correlated with variation in family size and birth rate among Hutterite couples, and those two candidate sites were also in linkage disequilibrium in the same Hutterite study population. All of these lines of evidence are consistent with predictions from a previously proposed hypothesis of balancing selection on epistatic interactions between C4BPA and ZP3 at fertilization that lead to the evolution of co-adapted allele pairs. Such patterns also suggest specific molecular traits that may be associated with both natural reproductive variation and clinical infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Hart
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daryn A Stover
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, Arizona State University Colleges at Lake Havasu City, Lake Havasu City, AZ, USA
| | - Vanessa Guerra
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sahar V Mozaffari
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carole Ober
- Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carina F Mugal
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ingemar Kaj
- Department of Mathematics, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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28
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Intra J, Veltri C, De Caro D, Perotti ME, Pasini ME. In vitro evidence for the participation of Drosophila melanogaster sperm β-N-acetylglucosaminidases in the interactions with glycans carrying terminal N-acetylglucosamine residues on the egg's envelopes. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2017; 96:e21403. [PMID: 28695569 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Fertilization is a complex and multiphasic process, consisting of several steps, where egg-coating envelope's glycoproteins and sperm surface receptors play a critical role. Sperm-associated β-N-acetylglucosaminidases, also known as hexosaminidases, have been identified in a variety of organisms. Previously, two isoforms of hexosaminidases, named here DmHEXA and DmHEXB, were found as intrinsic proteins in the sperm plasma membrane of Drosophila melanogaster. In the present work, we carried out different approaches using solid-phase assays in order to analyze the oligosaccharide recognition ability of D. melanogaster sperm hexosaminidases to interact with well-defined carbohydrate chains that might functionally mimic egg glycoconjugates. Our results showed that Drosophila hexosaminidases prefer glycans carrying terminal β-N-acetylglucosamine, but not core β-N-acetylglucosamine residues. The capacity of sperm β-N-acetylhexosaminidases to bind micropylar chorion and vitelline envelope was examined in vitro assays. Binding was completely blocked when β-N-acetylhexosaminidases were preincubated with the glycoproteins ovalbumin and transferrin, and the monosaccharide β-N-acetylglucosamine. Overall, these data support the hypothesis of the potential role of these glycosidases in sperm-egg interactions in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari Intra
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Concetta Veltri
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Daniela De Caro
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy
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29
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Shafei RA, Syrkasheva AG, Romanov AY, Makarova NP, Dolgushina NV, Semenova ML. Blastocyst hatching in humans. Russ J Dev Biol 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062360417010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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30
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Abstract
Simple and complex carbohydrates (glycans) have long been known to play major metabolic, structural and physical roles in biological systems. Targeted microbial binding to host glycans has also been studied for decades. But such biological roles can only explain some of the remarkable complexity and organismal diversity of glycans in nature. Reviewing the subject about two decades ago, one could find very few clear-cut instances of glycan-recognition-specific biological roles of glycans that were of intrinsic value to the organism expressing them. In striking contrast there is now a profusion of examples, such that this updated review cannot be comprehensive. Instead, a historical overview is presented, broad principles outlined and a few examples cited, representing diverse types of roles, mediated by various glycan classes, in different evolutionary lineages. What remains unchanged is the fact that while all theories regarding biological roles of glycans are supported by compelling evidence, exceptions to each can be found. In retrospect, this is not surprising. Complex and diverse glycans appear to be ubiquitous to all cells in nature, and essential to all life forms. Thus, >3 billion years of evolution consistently generated organisms that use these molecules for many key biological roles, even while sometimes coopting them for minor functions. In this respect, glycans are no different from other major macromolecular building blocks of life (nucleic acids, proteins and lipids), simply more rapidly evolving and complex. It is time for the diverse functional roles of glycans to be fully incorporated into the mainstream of biological sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajit Varki
- Departments of Medicine and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0687, USA
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31
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Wu Z, Liu Y, Ma C, Li L, Bai J, Byrd-Leotis L, Lasanajak Y, Guo Y, Wen L, Zhu H, Song J, Li Y, Steinhauer DA, Smith DF, Zhao B, Chen X, Guan W, Wang PG. Identification of the binding roles of terminal and internal glycan epitopes using enzymatically synthesized N-glycans containing tandem epitopes. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:11106-11116. [PMID: 27752690 PMCID: PMC5951163 DOI: 10.1039/c6ob01982j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Glycans play diverse roles in a wide range of biological processes. Research on glycan-binding events is essential for learning their biological and pathological functions. However, the functions of terminal and internal glycan epitopes exhibited during binding with glycan-binding proteins (GBPs) and/or viruses need to be further identified. Therefore, a focused library of 36 biantennary asparagine (Asn)-linked glycans with some presenting tandem glycan epitopes was synthesized via a combined Core Isolation/Enzymatic Extension (CIEE) and one-pot multienzyme (OPME) synthetic strategy. These N-glycans include those containing a terminal sialyl N-acetyllactosamine (LacNAc), sialyl Lewis x (sLex) and Siaα2-8-Siaα2-3/6-R structures with N-acetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) or N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) sialic acid form, LacNAc, Lewis x (Lex), α-Gal, and Galα1-3-Lex; and tandem epitopes including α-Gal, Lex, Galα1-3-Lex, LacNAc, and sialyl LacNAc, presented with an internal sialyl LacNAc or 1-2 repeats of an internal LacNAc or Lex component. They were synthesized in milligram-scale, purified to over 98% purity, and used to prepare a glycan microarray. Binding studies using selected plant lectins, antibodies, and viruses demonstrated, for the first time, that when interpreting the binding between glycans and GBPs/viruses, not only the structure of the terminal glycan epitopes, but also the internal epitopes and/or modifications of terminal epitopes needs to be taken into account.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhigang Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Yunpeng Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Cheng Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Jing Bai
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China.
| | - Lauren Byrd-Leotis
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yi Lasanajak
- Department of Biochemistry and Emory Comprehensive Glycomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yuxi Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Liuqing Wen
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - He Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Jing Song
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - David A Steinhauer
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - David F Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Emory Comprehensive Glycomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Baohua Zhao
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China.
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Wanyi Guan
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA. and College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050024, China.
| | - Peng George Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Diagnostics & Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
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32
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Sousa M, Oliveira E, Barros N, Barros A, Sá R. New ultrastructural observations of human oocyte smooth endoplasmic reticulum tubular aggregates and cortical reaction: update on the molecular mechanisms involved. Rev Int Androl 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.androl.2016.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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33
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Hyde KJ, Schust DJ. Immunologic challenges of human reproduction: an evolving story. Fertil Steril 2016; 106:499-510. [PMID: 27477190 DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.07.1073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 07/13/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Characterization of the implanting human fetus as an allograft prompted a field of research in reproductive immunology that continues to fascinate and perplex scientists. Paternal- or partner-derived alloantigens are present in the maternal host at multiple times during the reproductive process. They begin with exposure to semen, continue through implantation and placentation, and may persist for decades in the form of fetal microchimerism. Changes in maternal immune responses that allow allogenic fertilization and survival of semiallogenic concepti to delivery must be balanced with a continued need to respond appropriately to pathogenic invaders, commensals, cell or tissue damage, and any tendency toward malignant transformation. This complex and sophisticated balancing act is essential for survival of mother, fetus, and the species itself. We will discuss concepts of alloimmune recognition, tolerance, and ignorance as they pertain to mammalian reproduction with a focus on human reproduction, maternal immune modulation, and the very earliest events in the reproductive process, fertilization and implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kassie J Hyde
- University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri
| | - Danny J Schust
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, Missouri.
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34
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Li X, Martin SJH, Chinoy ZS, Liu L, Rittgers B, Dluhy RA, Boons GJ. Label-Free Detection of Glycan-Protein Interactions for Array Development by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS). Chemistry 2016; 22:11180-11185. [PMID: 27304194 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A glyco-array platform has been developed, in which glycans are attached to plasmonic nanoparticles through strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition. Glycan-protein binding events can then be detected in a label-free manner employing surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS). As proof of concept, we have analyzed the binding of Gal1, Gal3, and influenza hemagglutinins (HAs) to various glycans and demonstrated that binding partners can be identified with high confidence. The attraction of SERS for optical sensing is that it can provide unique spectral signatures for glycan-protein complexes, confirm identity through statistical validation, and minimizes false positive results common to indirect methods. Furthermore, SERS is very sensitive and has multiplexing capabilities thereby allowing the simultaneous detection of multiple analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuru Li
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center and Department of Chemistry The University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602 (USA)
| | - Sharon J H Martin
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Georgia Athens, GA 30602 (USA)
| | - Zoeisha S Chinoy
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center and Department of Chemistry The University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602 (USA).,Department of Chemistry, The University of Georgia Athens, GA 30602 (USA)
| | - Lin Liu
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center and Department of Chemistry The University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602 (USA)
| | - Brandon Rittgers
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Georgia Athens, GA 30602 (USA)
| | - Richard A Dluhy
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Georgia Athens, GA 30602 (USA).,Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham, AL 35294 (USA)
| | - Geert-Jan Boons
- Complex Carbohydrate Research Center and Department of Chemistry The University of Georgia, 315 Riverbend Road, Athens, GA 30602 (USA).,Department of Chemistry, The University of Georgia Athens, GA 30602 (USA).,Department of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht (The Netherlands)
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35
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Mazzei V, Sinatra F, Villaggio G, Longo G. Egg envelopes of Armadillidium vulgare (Latreille, 1804) (Crustacea, Isopoda Oniscidea): Ultrastructure and lectins binding. Microsc Res Tech 2016; 79:792-8. [PMID: 27324273 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.22700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The ultrastructural study carried out on (a) oocytes of Armadillidium vulgare during vitellogenesis, (b) mature eggs taken from the ovaries during the parturial moult of the posterior half of the body, and (c) fertilized eggs collected within a few hours of their release into the brood pouch, has clearly demonstrated that before the fertilization the chorion is the only envelope present in the egg of oniscidean isopods. In the mature eggs, the chorion appears as a uniformly electron-dense lamina, about 0.4-0.5 µm thick, which does not show any specialized area. A second envelope, described by other authors as vitelline envelope, is formed above the oolemma only right after fertilization and appears separated from the chorion by a space full of liquid. The ways in which the genesis of this envelope is realized are not yet clear; it could be interpreted rather as a fertilization membrane. The investigations carried out with the aid of a battery of FITC-lectins have highlighted the presence at the chorion surface of unfertilized eggs of various saccharide residues distributed in uniform way. No significant change was observed in the pattern of lectins binding to the chorion of eggs taken from the brood pouch, thus demonstrating how, after the fertilization, no significant rearrangement in the distribution of saccharide residues present on the egg surface occurs in A. vulgare. The ways in which, therefore, the recognition, the binding and the entry of the peculiar sperm of oniscidean isopods into the egg occur, still remain all to be deciphered. Microsc. Res. Tech. 79:792-798, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Mazzei
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
| | - F Sinatra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Catania, Italy
| | - G Villaggio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Catania, Italy
| | - G Longo
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Italy
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36
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Defaus S, Avilés M, Andreu D, Gutiérrez-Gallego R. Identification of Bovine Sperm Surface Proteins Involved in Carbohydrate-mediated Fertilization Interactions. Mol Cell Proteomics 2016; 15:2236-51. [PMID: 27094474 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m115.057703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycan-protein interactions play a key role in mammalian fertilization, but data on the composition and identities of protein complexes involved in fertilization events are scarce, with the added complication that the glycans in such interactions tend to differ among species. In this study we have used a bovine model to detect, characterize and identify sperm lectins relevant in fertilization. Given the complexity of the sperm-toward-egg journey, two important aspects of the process, both primarily mediated by protein-sugar interactions, have been addressed: (1) formation of the sperm reservoir in the oviductal epithelium, and (2) gamete recognition (oocyte-sperm interaction). Using whole sperm cells and a novel affinity capture method, several groups of proteins with different glycan specificities, including 58 hitherto unreported as lectins, have been identified in sperm surface, underscoring both the efficacy of our selective approach and the complex composition and function of sperm. Based on these results and previous data, we suggest that sperm surface proteins play significant roles in fertilization events such as membrane remodeling, transport, protection and function, thus supporting the hypothesis that rather than a simple lock-and-key model, mammalian fertilization relies on a complex interactome involving multiple ligands/receptors and recognition/binding events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sira Defaus
- From the ‡Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Avilés
- §Department of Cell Biology and Histology, School of Medicine, University of Murcia and IMIB, Campus Mare Nostrum, 30071 Murcia, Spain
| | - David Andreu
- From the ‡Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Ricardo Gutiérrez-Gallego
- From the ‡Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Pompeu Fabra University, Barcelona Biomedical Research Park, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
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Nixon B, Bromfield EG, Dun MD, Redgrove KA, McLaughlin EA, Aitken RJ. The role of the molecular chaperone heat shock protein A2 (HSPA2) in regulating human sperm-egg recognition. Asian J Androl 2016; 17:568-73. [PMID: 25865850 PMCID: PMC4492046 DOI: 10.4103/1008-682x.151395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the most common lesions present in the spermatozoa of human infertility patients is an idiopathic failure of sperm-egg recognition. Although this unique cellular interaction can now be readily by-passed by assisted reproductive strategies such as intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), recent large-scale epidemiological studies have encouraged the cautious use of this technology and highlighted the need for further research into the mechanisms responsible for defective sperm-egg recognition. Previous work in this field has established that the sperm domains responsible for oocyte interaction are formed during spermatogenesis prior to being dynamically modified during epididymal maturation and capacitation in female reproductive tract. While the factors responsible for the regulation of these sequential maturational events are undoubtedly complex, emerging research has identified the molecular chaperone, heat shock protein A2 (HSPA2), as a key regulator of these events in human spermatozoa. HSPA2 is a testis-enriched member of the 70 kDa heat shock protein family that promotes the folding, transport, and assembly of protein complexes and has been positively correlated with in vitro fertilization (IVF) success. Furthermore, reduced expression of HSPA2 from the human sperm proteome leads to an impaired capacity for cumulus matrix dispersal, sperm-egg recognition and fertilization following both IVF and ICSI. In this review, we consider the evidence supporting the role of HSPA2 in sperm function and explore the potential mechanisms by which it is depleted in the spermatozoa of infertile patients. Such information offers novel insights into the molecular mechanisms governing sperm function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett Nixon
- Priority Research Centre in Reproductive Science; Priority Research Centre in Chemical Biology, School of Environmental and Life Sciences, Discipline of Biological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia
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Gómez-Torres MJ, García EM, Guerrero J, Medina S, Izquierdo-Rico MJ, Gil-Izquierdo Á, Orduna J, Savirón M, González-Brusi L, Ten J, Bernabeu R, Avilés M. Metabolites involved in cellular communication among human cumulus-oocyte-complex and sperm during in vitro fertilization. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2015; 13:123. [PMID: 26553294 PMCID: PMC4640411 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-015-0118-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fertilization is a key physiological process for the preservation of the species. Consequently, different mechanisms affecting the sperm and the oocyte have been developed to ensure a successful fertilization. Thus, sperm acrosome reaction is necessary for the egg coat penetration and sperm-oolema fusion. Several molecules are able to induce the sperm acrosome reaction; however, this process should be produced coordinately in time and in the space to allow the success of fertilization between gametes. The goal of this study was to analyze the metabolites secreted by cumulus-oocyte-complex (COC) to find out new components that could contribute to the induction of the human sperm acrosome reaction and other physiological processes at the time of gamete interaction and fertilization. METHODS For the metabolomic analysis, eighteen aliquots of medium were used in each group, containing: a) only COC before insemination and after 3 h of incubation; b) COC and capacitated spermatozoa after insemination and incubated for 16-20 hours; c) only capacitated sperm after 16-20 h in culture and d) only fertilization medium as control. Six patients undergoing assisted reproduction whose male partners provided normozoospermic samples were included in the study. Seventy-two COC were inseminated. RESULTS The metabolites identified were monoacylglycerol (MAG), lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) and phytosphingosine (PHS). Analysis by PCR and in silico of the gene expression strongly suggests that the cumulus cells contribute to the formation of the PHS and LPC. CONCLUSIONS LPC and PHS are secreted by cumulus cells during in vitro fertilization and they could be involved in the induction of human acrosome reaction (AR). The identification of new molecules with a paracrine effect on oocytes, cumulus cells and spermatozoa will provide a better understanding of gamete interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- María José Gómez-Torres
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Alicante, 99, Carretera de San Vicente s/n, Alicante, 03016, Spain.
| | - Eva María García
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Alicante, 99, Carretera de San Vicente s/n, Alicante, 03016, Spain
- Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, Alicante, 03016, Spain
| | - Jaime Guerrero
- Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, Alicante, 03016, Spain
| | - Sonia Medina
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Food Science and Technology Department, CEBAS-CSIC, Espinardo (Murcia), Spain
| | - María José Izquierdo-Rico
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus Mare Nostrum, Espinardo 30100 and IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ángel Gil-Izquierdo
- Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, Food Science and Technology Department, CEBAS-CSIC, Espinardo (Murcia), Spain
| | - Jesús Orduna
- Institute of Materials Science of Aragon, CSIC-University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María Savirón
- Institute of Materials Science of Aragon, CSIC-University of Zaragoza, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Leopoldo González-Brusi
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus Mare Nostrum, Espinardo 30100 and IMIB, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jorge Ten
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Alicante, 99, Carretera de San Vicente s/n, Alicante, 03016, Spain
- Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, Alicante, 03016, Spain
| | - Rafael Bernabeu
- Instituto Bernabeu of Fertility and Gynecology, Alicante, 03016, Spain
| | - Manuel Avilés
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Campus Mare Nostrum, Espinardo 30100 and IMIB, Murcia, Spain
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Cohen M. Notable Aspects of Glycan-Protein Interactions. Biomolecules 2015; 5:2056-72. [PMID: 26340640 PMCID: PMC4598788 DOI: 10.3390/biom5032056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This mini review highlights several interesting aspects of glycan-mediated interactions that are common between cells, bacteria, and viruses. Glycans are ubiquitously found on all living cells, and in the extracellular milieu of multicellular organisms. They are known to mediate initial binding and recognition events of both immune cells and pathogens with their target cells or tissues. The host target tissues are hidden under a layer of secreted glycosylated decoy targets. In addition, pathogens can utilize and display host glycans to prevent identification as foreign by the host’s immune system (molecular mimicry). Both the host and pathogens continually evolve. The host evolves to prevent infection and the pathogens evolve to evade host defenses. Many pathogens express both glycan-binding proteins and glycosidases. Interestingly, these proteins are often located at the tip of elongated protrusions in bacteria, or in the leading edge of the cell. Glycan-protein interactions have low affinity and, as a result, multivalent interactions are often required to achieve biologically relevant binding. These enable dynamic forms of adhesion mechanisms, reviewed here, and include rolling (cells), stick and roll (bacteria) or surfacing (viruses).
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Cohen
- Depatment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, BRF2 MC 0687, La Jolla, CA 92093-0687, USA.
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Intra J, Concetta V, Daniela DC, Perotti ME, Pasini ME. Drosophila sperm surface alpha-L-fucosidase interacts with the egg coats through its core fucose residues. INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 63:133-143. [PMID: 26101846 DOI: 10.1016/j.ibmb.2015.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2015] [Revised: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Sperm-oocyte interaction during fertilization is multiphasic, with multicomponent events, taking place between egg's glycoproteins and sperm surface receptors. Protein-carbohydrate complementarities in gamete recognition have observed in cases throughout the whole evolutionary scale. Sperm-associated α-L-fucosidases have been identified in various organisms. Their wide distribution and known properties reflect the hypothesis that fucose and α-L-fucosidases have fundamental function(s) during gamete interactions. An α-L-fucosidase has been detected as transmembrane protein on the surface of spermatozoa of eleven species across the genus Drosophila. Immunofluorescence labeling showed that the protein is localized in the sperm plasma membrane over the acrosome and the tail, in Drosophila melanogaster. In the present study, efforts were made to analyze with solid phase assays the oligosaccharide recognition ability of fruit fly sperm α-L-fucosidase with defined carbohydrate chains that can functionally mimic egg glycoconjugates. Our results showed that α-L-fucosidase bound to fucose residue and in particular it prefers N-glycans carrying core α1,6-linked fucose and core α1,3-linked fucose in N-glycans carrying only a terminal mannose residue. The ability of sperm α-L-fucosidase to bind to the micropylar chorion and to the vitelline envelope was examined in in vitro assays in presence of α-L-fucosidase, either alone or in combination with molecules containing fucose residues. No binding was detected when α-L-fucosidase was pre-incubated with fucoidan, a polymer of α-L-fucose and the monosaccharide fucose. Furthermore, egg labeling with anti-horseradish peroxidase, that recognized only core α1,3-linked fucose, correlates with α-L-fucosidase micropylar binding. Collectively, these data support the hypothesis of the potential role of this glycosidase in sperm-egg interactions in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari Intra
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, via Celoria 26, Milano 20133, Italy.
| | - Veltri Concetta
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, via Celoria 26, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - De Caro Daniela
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, via Celoria 26, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Maria Elisa Perotti
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, via Celoria 26, Milano 20133, Italy
| | - Maria Enrica Pasini
- Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, via Celoria 26, Milano 20133, Italy
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Okumura H, Sato T, Sakuma R, Fukushima H, Matsuda T, Ujita M. Identification of distinctive interdomain interactions among ZP-N, ZP-C and other domains of zona pellucida glycoproteins underlying association of chicken egg-coat matrix. FEBS Open Bio 2015; 5:454-65. [PMID: 26106520 PMCID: PMC4475693 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 05/15/2015] [Accepted: 05/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chicken ZP1 and ZP3 assemble through strong interactions between their ZP-C domains. ZP-C domains of chicken ZP1 and ZP3 are deeply embedded in the egg-coat matrix. Chicken ZP1 forms a homocomplex through non-covalent interaction between repeat domains. Chicken ZPD is deposited on the interstices of ZP1–ZP3 matrix in the egg coat. We propose a model for the architecture of chicken egg-coat matrix from these results.
The vertebrate egg coat, including mammalian zona pellucida, is an oocyte-specific extracellular matrix comprising two to six zona pellucida (ZP) glycoproteins. The egg coat plays important roles in fertilization, especially in species-specific interactions with sperm to induce the sperm acrosome reaction and to form the block to polyspermy. It is suggested that the physiological functions of the egg coat are mediated and/or regulated coordinately by peptide and carbohydrate moieties of the ZP glycoproteins that are spatially arranged in the egg coat, whereas a comprehensive understanding of the architecture of vertebrate egg-coat matrix remains elusive. Here, we deduced the orientations and/or distributions of chicken ZP glycoproteins, ZP1, ZP3 and ZPD, in the egg-coat matrix by confocal immunofluorescent microscopy, and in the ZP1–ZP3 complexes generated in vitro by co-immunoprecipitation assays. We further confirmed interdomain interactions of the ZP glycoproteins by far-Western blot analyses of the egg-coat proteins and pull-down assays of ZP1 in the serum, using recombinant domains of ZP glycoproteins as probes. Our results suggest that the ZP1 and ZP3 bind through their ZP-C domains to form the ZP1–ZP3 complexes and fibrils, which are assembled into bundles through interactions between the repeat domains of ZP1 to form the ZP1–ZP3 matrix, and that the ZPD molecules self-associate and bind to the ZP1–ZP3 matrix through its ZP-N and ZP-C domains to form the egg-coat matrix. Based on these results, we propose a tentative model for the architecture of the chicken egg-coat matrix that might be applicable to other vertebrate ones.
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Key Words
- CBB, Coomassie Brilliant Blue
- DIC, differential interference contrast
- DTT, dithiothreitol
- EGF, epidermal growth factor
- EHP, external hydrophobic patch
- Egg coat
- Extracellular matrix
- Fertilization
- His6, hexahistidine
- IHP, internal hydrophobic patch
- Interdomain interaction
- MBP, maltose binding protein
- RT, room temperature
- TGFR, transforming growth factor-β receptor
- THP, Tamm–Horsfall protein
- Trx, thioredoxin
- ZP, zona pellucida
- Zona pellucida
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Okumura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +81 52 838 2451; fax: +81 52 833 5524.
| | - Takahiro Sato
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Rio Sakuma
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fukushima
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
| | - Tsukasa Matsuda
- Department of Applied Molecular Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Minoru Ujita
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Meijo University, Nagoya 468-8502, Japan
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43
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Moh ES, Thaysen-Andersen M, Packer NH. Relative versus absolute quantitation in disease glycomics. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015; 9:368-82. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.201400184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Revised: 12/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward S.X. Moh
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
| | | | - Nicolle H. Packer
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences; Macquarie University; Sydney Australia
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Tsutsui S, Yamamura N, Yoshida T, Nakamura O. Fugu (Takifugu rubripes) serum GlcNAc-binding lectin is a kalliklectin but has different properties from those of a reported homologue. J Biochem 2015; 158:189-95. [PMID: 25796064 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvv033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A 40-kDa lectin with N-acetyl-d-glucosamine-binding ability was purified from the sera of fugu (Takifugu rubripes) by affinity chromatography and subsequent gel filtration. N-terminal amino acid sequencing, in silico cloning using the fugu genome database and cDNA cloning demonstrated that this lectin is a homologue of kalliklectin, a novel lectin that was previously found in the flathead teleost Platycephalus indicus and has structural similarity to mammalian plasma kallikreins and coagulation factor XI. This is the second report of a kalliklectin, but the fugu kalliklectin differs in its sugar-binding spectra, intersubunit association and tissue distribution from the previously identified flathead kalliklectin. These findings indicate that kalliklectins vary in properties among fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeyuki Tsutsui
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Nozomi Yamamura
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Takaya Yoshida
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Osamu Nakamura
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
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Abstract
There is a long research history of studying the function of glycosylation in relation to the development and progression of different types of cancer. The technological advances of the "omic" have in the last decade have afforded many new opportunities and approaches for studying the cancer glycome. A collection of research articles has been assembled that collectively summarize the progress in this area for each type of major O-linked and N-linked glycan species and other classes of glycans, as well as what is known about specific glycans associated with individual types of cancer (brain, breast, colon, liver, lung, ovarian, pancreatic, prostate). These chapters also include descriptions of the latest cutting-edge technologies that have been developed recently for cancer glycomic studies. An introduction to these topics and highlights of emerging areas of research opportunity for cancer glycomics are presented. This includes the development of new glycomics-based cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets, as well as different integrated cancer "omics" strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard R Drake
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
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Petit D, Teppa E, Mir AM, Vicogne D, Thisse C, Thisse B, Filloux C, Harduin-Lepers A. Integrative view of α2,3-sialyltransferases (ST3Gal) molecular and functional evolution in deuterostomes: significance of lineage-specific losses. Mol Biol Evol 2014; 32:906-27. [PMID: 25534026 PMCID: PMC4379398 DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msu395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sialyltransferases are responsible for the synthesis of a diverse range of sialoglycoconjugates predicted to be pivotal to deuterostomes’ evolution. In this work, we reconstructed the evolutionary history of the metazoan α2,3-sialyltransferases family (ST3Gal), a subset of sialyltransferases encompassing six subfamilies (ST3Gal I–ST3Gal VI) functionally characterized in mammals. Exploration of genomic and expressed sequence tag databases and search of conserved sialylmotifs led to the identification of a large data set of st3gal-related gene sequences. Molecular phylogeny and large scale sequence similarity network analysis identified four new vertebrate subfamilies called ST3Gal III-r, ST3Gal VII, ST3Gal VIII, and ST3Gal IX. To address the issue of the origin and evolutionary relationships of the st3gal-related genes, we performed comparative syntenic mapping of st3gal gene loci combined to ancestral genome reconstruction. The ten vertebrate ST3Gal subfamilies originated from genome duplication events at the base of vertebrates and are organized in three distinct and ancient groups of genes predating the early deuterostomes. Inferring st3gal gene family history identified also several lineage-specific gene losses, the significance of which was explored in a functional context. Toward this aim, spatiotemporal distribution of st3gal genes was analyzed in zebrafish and bovine tissues. In addition, molecular evolutionary analyses using specificity determining position and coevolved amino acid predictions led to the identification of amino acid residues with potential implication in functional divergence of vertebrate ST3Gal. We propose a detailed scenario of the evolutionary relationships of st3gal genes coupled to a conceptual framework of the evolution of ST3Gal functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Petit
- INRA, UMR 1061, Unité Génétique Moléculaire Animale, F-87060 Limoges Cedex, France Université de Limoges, UMR 1061, Unité Génétique Moléculaire Animale, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, F-87060 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Elin Teppa
- Bioinformatics Unit, Fundación Instituto Leloir, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Anne-Marie Mir
- Laboratoire de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576 CNRS, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Dorothée Vicogne
- Laboratoire de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576 CNRS, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
| | - Christine Thisse
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia
| | - Bernard Thisse
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia
| | - Cyril Filloux
- INRA, UMR 1061, Unité Génétique Moléculaire Animale, F-87060 Limoges Cedex, France Université de Limoges, UMR 1061, Unité Génétique Moléculaire Animale, 123 avenue Albert Thomas, F-87060 Limoges Cedex, France
| | - Anne Harduin-Lepers
- Laboratoire de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, UMR 8576 CNRS, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille1, Villeneuve d'Ascq, France
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47
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A role for carbohydrate recognition in mammalian sperm-egg binding. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 450:1195-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.06.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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48
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Chiu PCN, Lam KKW, Wong RCW, Yeung WSB. The identity of zona pellucida receptor on spermatozoa: an unresolved issue in developmental biology. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2014; 30:86-95. [PMID: 24747367 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2014.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 04/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian oocytes are surrounded by an acellular zona pellucida (ZP). Fertilization begins when a capacitated spermatozoon binds to the ZP. Defective sperm-ZP interaction is a cause of male infertility and reduced fertilization rates in clinical assisted reproduction treatment. Despite the importance of spermatozoa-ZP binding, the mechanisms and regulation of the interaction are unclear partly due to the failure in the identification of ZP receptor on spermatozoa. Most of the previous studies assumed that the sperm ZP receptor is a single molecular species, and a number of potential candidates had been suggested. Yet none of them can be considered as the sole sperm ZP receptor. Accumulated evidence suggested that the sperm ZP receptor is a dynamic multi-molecular structure requiring coordinated action of different proteins that are assembled into a functional complex during post-testicular maturation and capacitation. The complex components may include carbohydrate-binding, protein-binding and acrosomal matrix proteins which work as a suite to mediate spermatozoa-ZP interaction. This article aims to review the latest insights in the identification of the sperm ZP receptor. Continued investigation of the area will provide considerable understanding of the regulation of fertilization that will be useful for practical application in human contraception and reproductive medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip C N Chiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China; Centre of Reproduction, Development and Growth, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Kevin K W Lam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Rachel C W Wong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - William S B Yeung
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China; Centre of Reproduction, Development and Growth, LKS Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China.
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49
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Hart MW, Sunday JM, Popovic I, Learning KJ, Konrad CM. Incipient speciation of sea star populations by adaptive gamete recognition coevolution. Evolution 2014; 68:1294-305. [PMID: 24410379 DOI: 10.1111/evo.12352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Reproductive isolation--the key event in speciation--can evolve when sexual conflict causes selection favoring different combinations of male and female adaptations in different populations. Likely targets of such selection include genes that encode proteins on the surfaces of sperm and eggs, but no previous study has demonstrated intraspecific coevolution of interacting gamete recognition genes under selection. Here, we show that selection drives coevolution between an egg receptor for sperm (OBi1) and a sperm acrosomal protein (bindin) in diverging populations of a sea star (Patiria miniata). We found positive selection on OBi1 in an exon encoding part of its predicted substrate-binding protein domain, the ligand for which is found in bindin. Gene flow was zero for the parts of bindin and OBi1 in which selection for high rates of amino acid substitution was detected; higher gene flow for other parts of the genome indicated selection against immigrant alleles at bindin and OBi1. Populations differed in allele frequencies at two key positively selected sites (one in each gene), and differences at those sites predicted fertilization rate variation among male-female pairs. These patterns suggest adaptively evolving loci that influence reproductive isolation between populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Hart
- Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada.
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Clark GF. The role of glycans in immune evasion: the human fetoembryonic defence system hypothesis revisited. Mol Hum Reprod 2014; 20:185-99. [PMID: 24043694 PMCID: PMC3925329 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gat064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2013] [Revised: 08/15/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging data suggest that mechanisms to evade the human immune system may be shared by the conceptus, tumour cells, persistent pathogens and viruses. It is therefore timely to revisit the human fetoembryonic defense system (Hu-FEDS) hypothesis that was proposed in two papers in the 1990s. The initial paper suggested that glycoconjugates expressed in the human reproductive system inhibited immune responses directed against gametes and the developing human by employing their carbohydrate sequences as functional groups. These glycoconjugates were proposed to block specific binding interactions and interact with lectins linked to signal transduction pathways that modulated immune cell functions. The second article suggested that aggressive tumour cells and persistent pathogens (HIV, H. pylori, schistosomes) either mimicked or acquired the same carbohydrate functional groups employed in this system to evade immune responses. This subterfuge enabled these pathogens and tumour cells to couple their survival to the human reproductive imperative. The Hu-FEDS model has been repeatedly tested since its inception. Data relevant to this model have also been obtained in other studies. Herein, the Hu-FEDS hypothesis is revisited in the context of these more recent findings. Far more supportive evidence for this model now exists than when it was first proposed, and many of the original predictions have been validated. This type of subterfuge by pathogens and tumour cells likely applies to all sexually reproducing metazoans that must protect their gametes from immune responses. Intervention in these pathological states will likely remain problematic until this system of immune evasion is fully understood and appreciated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary F. Clark
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women's Health, Division of Reproductive and Perinatal Research and Division of Reproductive Medicine and Fertility, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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