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Liu M, Li T, Liang H, Zhong P. Herbal medicines in Alzheimer's disease and the involvement of gut microbiota. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1416502. [PMID: 39081953 PMCID: PMC11286407 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1416502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by memory loss and cognitive impairment. It severely affects the quality of life of victims. The prevalence of AD has been increasing in recent years. Therefore, it is of great importance to elucidate the pathogenic mechanism of AD and search for effective therapeutic approaches. Gut microbiota dysbiosis, an altered state of gut microbiota, has been well known for its involvement in the pathogenesis of AD. Much effort has been made in searching for approaches capable of modulating the composition of gut microbiota in recent years. Herbal medicines have attracted extensive attention in recent decades for the prevention and treatment of AD. Here, we gave an overview of the recent research progress on the modulatory effects of herbal medicines and herbal formulae on gut microbiota as well as the possible beneficial effects on AD, which may provide new insights into the discovery of anti-AD agents and their therapeutic potential for AD through modulating the composition of gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingli Liu
- Department of Neurology, Yangpu District Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tuming Li
- Department of Neurology, Yangpu District Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Huazheng Liang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Brain Functional Modulation, Clinical Research Center for Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Shanghai Fourth People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Monash Suzhou Research Institute, Suzhou, China
| | - Ping Zhong
- Department of Neurology, Yangpu District Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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2
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Sun Z, Deng L, Xu Z, Yang K, Yu P. Uncovering the molecular mechanism of Mume Fructus in treatment of Sjögren's syndrome. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e38085. [PMID: 38728503 PMCID: PMC11081559 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000038085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern medicine has no cure for the xerostomia caused by the early onset of Sjögren's syndrome. Mume Fructus is a common Chinese herbal medicine used to relieve xerostomia. However, the molecular mechanisms of the effects of Mume Fructus are unknown. In this study, network pharmacology and molecular docking were used to investigate the mechanisms of action of Mume Fructus on Sjögren's syndrome. MATERIALS AND METHOD The Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform database was used to identify the active components and targets of Mume Fructus, and the UniProt database was used to identify the genes encoding these targets. SS-related targets were also identified from the GeneCards and OMIM databases. By finding the intersection of the targets of the compounds and the targets of Sjögren's syndrome, the predicted targets of Mume Fructus in the treatment of Sjögren's syndrome were obtained. Further investigation of the active compounds and their targets was carried out by constructing a network of "medicine-candidate compound-target-disease" using Cytoscape 3.7.2, the Protein-Protein Interaction network using the STRING database and Cytoscape 3.7.2, and key targets were identified by Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analysis on R software. Finally, molecular docking was used to verify the affinity of the candidate compounds to the key targets. RESULTS Quercetin, beta-sitosterol, and kaempferol in Mume Fructus interact with AKT1, IL-6, IL-1B, JUN, CASP3, and MAPK8. These results suggest that Mume Fructus exerts its therapeutic effects on the peripheral gland injury of Sjögren's syndrome and its secondary cardiovascular disease and tumorigenesis through anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and anti-tumor pathways. CONCLUSION With network pharmacology, this study systematically identified the main active components, targets, and specific mechanisms of the therapeutic effects of Mume Fructus on Sjögren's syndrome, providing both a theoretical basis and research direction for further investigations on Mume Fructus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongli Sun
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Lilin Deng
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Zhoujie Xu
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Kun Yang
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, P.R. China
| | - Penglong Yu
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, P.R. China
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3
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Zhang Q, Qiu C, Jiang W, Feng P, Xue X, Bukhari I, Mi Y, Zheng P. The impact of dioctyl phthalate exposure on multiple organ systems and gut microbiota in mice. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22677. [PMID: 38107267 PMCID: PMC10724677 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Dioctyl phthalate, commonly known as bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), is a widely used plasticizer in various industries and has been shown to directly or indirectly impact human health. However, there is a lack of comprehensive studies evaluating the potential health risks associated with DEHP accumulation in different organs across various age groups. This study aimed to assess the effects of low (50 mg/kg·bw) and high (500 mg/kg·bw) doses of DEHP on five different organs in mice at young (4-week-old) and aged (76-week-old) life stages. Our findings revealed that both low and high doses of DEHP exposure led to significant dose-dependent inflammation in the liver, spleen, and kidney. Furthermore, regardless of age, DEHP exposure resulted in elevated activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the liver, as well as increased levels of creatinine (Cr) and urea in the kidney. Moreover, analysis of the fecal microbiota using 16S rRNA sequencing demonstrated that DEHP exposure disrupted the homeostasis of the gut microbiota, characterized by an increased abundance of pathogenic bacteria such as Desulfovibrio and Muribaculum, and a decreased abundance of beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus. This study provides compelling evidence that DEHP at different concentrations can induce damage to multiple organs and disrupt gut microbiota composition. These findings lay the groundwork for further investigations into DEHP toxicity in various human organs, contributing to a better understanding of the potential health risks associated with DEHP exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Chunjing Qiu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wenya Jiang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan Province, China
| | - Pengya Feng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
- Department of Children Rehabilitation Medicine, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xia Xue
- Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Ihtisham Bukhari
- Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yang Mi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Pengyuan Zheng
- Henan Key Laboratory of Helicobacter pylori & Microbiota and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Marshall Medical Research Center, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
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Zhan X, Zuo Q, Huang G, Qi Z, Wang Y, Zhu S, Zhong Y, Xiong Y, Chen T, Tan B. Tripterygium glycosides sensitizes cisplatin chemotherapeutic potency by modulating gut microbiota in epithelial ovarian cancer. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1236272. [PMID: 37818040 PMCID: PMC10560985 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1236272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a fatal gynecological malignancy with limited therapeutic options. Previous research has demonstrated that Tripterygium glycosides (GTW) can enhance effectiveness of cisplatin (DDP) chemotherapy against EOC. However, the underlying mechanism of GTW alleviating EOC still remains unclear. In this article, an ID8 cell-derived xenograft mouse model was established to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy of GTW combined with DDP. Consistent with previous findings, the results suggested that GTW combined with DDP can exhibit a stronger tumor suppressive effect than DDP alone. Additionally, GTW was found can further exert gastrointestinal protection against DDP by reducing pathological damage on colon tissue. Secondly, to verify whether gut microbiota play an instrumental role in GTW's anticancer effect, we treated mice models with antibiotic to eliminate gut microbiota. And our experimental results indicated that all drug groups showed a weaker tumor suppressive effect and more severe gastrointestinal damage post antibiotic supplement. At genus level, the relative abundance of Lactobacillus was dramatically diminished by the antibiotic treatment, while combined treatment of GTW and DDP can significantly restore the level. Moreover, we performed Lactobacillus acidophilus transplantation and healthy mice fecal microbiota transplantation experiments to further investigate the link between the anticancer effect of GTW and gut microbiota. Our results suggested that both cisplatin-sensitizing and intestinal barrier-protecting effects of GTW can be recovered to a different extent. In conclusion, our results indicated that GTW is a promising chemosensitization and intestinal barrier repair drug for EOC, and the potential mechanism may corelate with the restoration of the compromised intestinal microbial balance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinlu Zhan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Qi Zuo
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Ji’an Central People’s Hospital, Ji’an, China
| | - Genhua Huang
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhanghua Qi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yufan Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Sihong Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanying Zhong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yifei Xiong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tingtao Chen
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Buzhen Tan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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5
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Xie Q, Liu C, Fu W, Chen C, Gu S, Luo D, Xue W. Intestinal microenvironment-mediated allergic dynamic phenotypes and endotypes in the development of gluten allergy. Food Res Int 2023; 169:112840. [PMID: 37254413 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.112840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the dynamic changes in intestinal microenvironment factors in the development of gluten-induced allergy (GA). Our results showed that GA provoked increasingly severe allergic phenotypes such as allergic and diarrheal symptoms with the gluten sensitization frequency, which was accompanied by dynamically rising levels of gluten-specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E, IgG2a and IgA, serum histamine, T cell-related inflammatory cytokines, and intestinal indexes. An increase in luminal pH was more significant in the large intestine versus the small intestine, which was due to a dynamic decline in colonic short-chain fatty acid levels. Both antioxidant capacity and intestinal permeability in the large intestine varied with the GA severity, as evidenced by a dynamic increase in the malondialdehyde content and a decrease in the superoxide dismutase activity and total antioxidant capacity. Moreover, we demonstrated that intestinal microenvironment dysbiosis occurred before a true allergy reaction began. Spearman correlation analysis suggested that the characteristic bacterial cluster, namely Alistipes, Desulfovibrio, Ileibacterium, Parabacteroides, and Ruminococcus torques group, are essential in the association between GA and intestinal microenvironment homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xie
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100089, PR China
| | - Chenglong Liu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100089, PR China
| | - Wenhui Fu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100089, PR China
| | - Chen Chen
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100089, PR China
| | - Shimin Gu
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100089, PR China
| | - Dan Luo
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100089, PR China
| | - Wentong Xue
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100089, PR China.
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Ju J, Zhang C, Yang J, Yang Q, Yin P, Sun X. Deoxycholic acid exacerbates intestinal inflammation by modulating interleukin-1 β expression and tuft cell proportion in dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine colitis. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14842. [PMID: 36819995 PMCID: PMC9938654 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remains unclear. However, intestinal metabolism is known to be critical in the pathogenesis of IBD. Bile acid is one of the main intestinal metabolites, and its role in the pathogenesis of IBD is worthy of investigation. This study investigated the role of deoxycholic acid (DCA), a bile acid, in the pathogenesis of IBD. Methods Peripheral serum metabolomics, fecal metabolomics, and microbiome analyses were performed on patients with IBD and healthy controls. Flow cytometry, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, immunohistochemical staining, and immunofluorescence analysis were used to evaluate cytokines in the inflamed colonic mucosa and immune cells and tuft cells in the intestine of mice with dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Results In total, 156 patients with IBD and 58 healthy controls were enrolled. DCA levels in the serum and feces of patients with IBD were significantly decreased compared to the controls. This decrease was associated with a decrease in the abundance of intestinal flora, including Firmicutes, Clostridia, Ruminnococcaceae, and Lachnospiraceae. Additionally, interleukin (IL)-1β levels in the serum of patients with active Crohn's disease were significantly increased compared with the healthy controls. Moreover, in DCA-treated DSS-induced mice, the expression of IL-1β and the proportion of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells increased while the number of intestinal tuft cells decreased, compared with the DSS group. Conclusion In IBD patients, the decreased DCA levels in serum and fecal samples are associated with disturbances in gut microflora diversity and abundance. Possible mechanisms by which DCA affects immunity in DSS-induced murine colitis include increasing IL-1β secretion, reducing the number of tuft cells in the mucosa, and activating CD4+ and CD3+ T cells to exaggerate immune responses, consequently worsening intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Ju
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Medical College, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cui Zhang
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaolan Yang
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Medical College, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinglu Yang
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Medical College, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pengyun Yin
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Medical College, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Sun
- Gastroenterology Department, The Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China,Medical College, Tongji University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Chen L, Ruan G, Cheng Y, Yi A, Chen D, Wei Y. The role of Th17 cells in inflammatory bowel disease and the research progress. Front Immunol 2023; 13:1055914. [PMID: 36700221 PMCID: PMC9870314 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1055914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Th17 cells play an important role in the abnormal immune response in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and are involved in the development and progression of inflammation and fibrosis. An increasing amount of data has shown that gut microbes are important parts of intestinal immunity and regulators of Th17 cellular immunity. Th17 cell differentiation is regulated by intestinal bacteria and cytokines, and Th17 cells regulate the intestinal mucosal immune microenvironment by secreting cytokines, such as IL-17, IL-21, and IL-26. Solid evidence showed that, regarding the treatment of IBD by targeting Th17 cells, the therapeutic effect of different biological agents varies greatly. Fecal bacteria transplantation (FMT) in the treatment of IBD has been a popular research topic in recent years and is safe and effective with few side effects. To further understand the role of Th17 cells in the progression of IBD and associated therapeutic prospects, this review will discuss the progress of related research on Th17 cells in IBD by focusing on the interaction and immune regulation between Th17 cells and gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Yanling Wei
- *Correspondence: Yanling Wei, ; Dongfeng Chen,
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Cao H, Diao J, Liu H, Liu S, Liu J, Yuan J, Lin J. The Pathogenicity and Synergistic Action of Th1 and Th17 Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2022; 29:818-829. [PMID: 36166586 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izac199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are characterized by chronic idiopathic inflammation of gastrointestinal tract. Although the pathogenesis of IBD remains unknown, intestinal immune dysfunction has been considered as the core pathogenesis. In the intestinal immune system, T helper 1 (Th1) and Th17 cells are indispensable for intestine homeostasis via preventing pathogenic bacteria invasion, regulating metabolism and functions of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), and promoting IEC self-renewal. However, during the development of IBD, Th1 and Th17 cells acquire the pathogenicity and change from the maintainer of intestinal homeostasis to the destroyer of intestinal mucosa. Because of coexpressing interferon-γ and interleukin-17A, Th17 cells with pathogenicity are named as pathogenic Th17 cells. In disease states, Th1 cells impair IEC programs by inducing IEC apoptosis, recruiting immune cells, promoting adhesion molecules expression of IECs, and differentiating to epithelial cell adhesion molecule-specific interferon γ-positive Th1 cells. Pathogenic Th17 cells induce IEC injury by triggering IBD susceptibility genes expression of IECs and specifically killing IECs. In addition, Th1 and pathogenic Th17 cells could cooperate to induce colitis. The evidences from IBD patients and animal models demonstrate that synergistic action of Th1 and pathogenic Th17 cells occurs in the diseases development and aggravates the mucosal inflammation. In this review, we focused on Th1 and Th17 cell programs in homeostasis and intestine inflammation and specifically discussed the impact of Th1 and Th17 cell pathogenicity and their synergistic action on the onset and the development of IBD. We hoped to provide some clues for treating IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Diao
- Department of Pediatrics, Yueyang Hospital of Chinese Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huosheng Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shanghai Jiading Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Suxian Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianye Yuan
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Shang J, Guo H, Li J, Li Z, Yan Z, Wei L, Hua Y, Lin L, Tian Y. Exploring the mechanism of action of Sanzi formula in intervening colorectal adenoma by targeting intestinal flora and intestinal metabolism. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1001372. [PMID: 36160256 PMCID: PMC9504867 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1001372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Sanzi formula (SZF) is a kind of Chinese herbal compound that has a certain effect on the prevention and treatment of colorectal adenoma (CRA), which can prevent and control the process of CRA-cancer transformation. In this study, we explored the mechanism of action of SZF in anti-CRA using 16S rRNA sequencing and metabolomics technology. Methods Mice were randomly divided into three groups: Control group, Apcmin/+ model group, and SZF treatment group. Except for the Control group, which used C57BL/6 J mice, the remaining two groups used Apcmin/+ mice. The Control group and Apcmin/+ model group were treated with ultrapure water by gavage, while the SZF treatment group was treated with SZF for 12 weeks. During this period, the physical changes of mice in each group were observed. The gut microbiota was determined by high-throughput sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene, and LC-ESI-MS/MS was used for colorectal metabolomics analysis. Results Sequencing of the 16S rRNA gut flora yielded 10,256 operational taxonomic units and metabolomic analysis obtained a total of 366 differential metabolites. The intestinal flora analysis showed that SZF could improve intestinal flora disorders in Apcmin/+ mice. For instance, beneficial bacteria such as Gastranaerophilales significantly increased and harmful bacteria such as Angelakisella, Dubosiella, Muribaculum, and Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-003 substantially decreased after the SZF intervention. In addition, metabolomic data analysis demonstrated that SZF also improved the colorectal metabolic profile of Apcmin/+ mice. In Apcmin/+ mice, metabolites such as Anserine and Ectoine were typically increased after SZF intervention; in contrast, metabolites such as Taurocholic acid, Taurochenodesoxycholic acid, Hyocholic acid, Cholic acid, and Tauro-alpha-muricholic acid showed noteworthy reductions. Metabolic flora association analysis indicated that 13 differential flora and 11 differential metabolites were associated. Conclusion SZF affects the abundance of specific intestinal flora and regulates intestinal flora disorders, improves colorectal-specific metabolites, and ameliorates intestinal metabolic disorders to prevent and treat CRA. Furthermore, the application of intestinal flora and colorectal metabolomics association analysis offers new strategies to reveal the mechanism of action of herbal medicines for the treatment of intestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyu Shang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Guo
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jie Li
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongyi Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhanpeng Yan
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lanfu Wei
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yongzhi Hua
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Lin
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Lin,
| | - Yaozhou Tian
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Yaozhou Tian,
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10
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Chen X, Yan Z, Liu L, Zhang R, Zhang X, Peng C, Geng Y, Zhou F, Han Y, Hou X. Characteristics of gut microbiota of term small gestational age infants within 1 week and their relationship with neurodevelopment at 6 months. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:912968. [PMID: 36090083 PMCID: PMC9449527 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.912968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Small for gestational age (SGA) infants are at a higher risk of neurodevelopmental delay than infants appropriate for gestational age (AGA). Previous studies have confirmed that gut microbiota in early life influences subsequent neurodevelopment. However, few studies have reported corresponding data in SGA populations. Objective We aimed to evaluate the characteristics of the gut microbiota of term SGA infants and the associations between the gut microbiota in SGA infants and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 6 months of age. Methods Fecal samples were collected on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 from term SGA and AGA infants born between June 2020 and June 2021 at the Peking University First Hospital. 16S ribosomal deoxyribonucleic acid amplicon sequencing was used to analyze the fecal microbiota. We followed up for 6 months and used the Ages and Stages Questionnaires-3 (ASQ-3) to evaluate the neurodevelopmental outcomes among SGA infants. Results A total of 162 neonates were enrolled, with 41 SGA infants (25.3%) in the study group and 121 AGA infants (74.7%) in the control group. The gut microbial diversity in the SGA group was lower than that in the AGA group on days 1, 3, 5, and 7. Non-metric multidimensional scaling and analysis of similarities showed significant differences between the two groups. The SGA group had increased relative abundances of Ralstonia (3, 5, and 7 days) and Clostridium (3 and 7 days). The dominant microorganisms of the SGA group were Ralstonia on day 1, Escherichia_Shigella on days 3 and 7, and Clostridia on day 5. We found that the gut microbial diversity of SGA infants with poor communication scores was higher than that of SGA infants with good communication scores on day 3. Fine motor scores were negatively correlated with the relative abundance of Bacteroides_fragilis on day 1. A negative correlation was observed between gross motor scores and relative abundance of Clostridium_saccharobutylicum on day 7. Bacteroidota, Bacteroidia, Bacteroides, and Bacteroides_fragilis were the dominant microorganisms in the good communication score group on day 7. Communication scores were positively correlated with the relative abundance of Bacteroidota, Bacteroides, and Bacteroides_fragilis on day 7. Conclusion The gut microbial diversity of term SGA infants was significantly lower in the first week of life than that of term AGA infants. Certain pathogenic and conditional pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia_Shigella, Ralstonia and Clostridium increased or formed the dominant microbiota in SGA infants. Alpha diversity, Bacteroidota, Bacteroides, Bacteroides_fragilis, and Clostridium_saccharobutylicum found in SGA infants may be associated with neurodevelopmental outcomes at 6 months of age, indicating possible therapeutic targets for clinical intervention.
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Zhang B, Liu K, Yang H, Jin Z, Ding Q, Zhao L. Gut Microbiota: The Potential Key Target of TCM's Therapeutic Effect of Treating Different Diseases Using the Same Method-UC and T2DM as Examples. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:855075. [PMID: 35433500 PMCID: PMC9005880 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.855075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese herbal medicine often exerts the therapeutic effect of "treating different diseases with the same method" in clinical practice; in other words, it is a kind of herbal medicine that can often treat two or even multiple diseases; however, the biological mechanism underlying its multi-path and multi-target pharmacological effects remains unclear. Growing evidence has demonstrated that gut microbiota dysbiosis plays a vital role in the occurrence and development of several diseases, and that the root cause of herbal medicine plays a therapeutic role in different diseases, a phenomenon potentially related to the improvement of the gut microbiota. We used local intestinal diseases, such as ulcerative colitis, and systemic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, as examples; comprehensively searched databases, such as PubMed, Web of Science, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure; and summarized the related studies. The results indicate that multiple individual Chinese herbal medicines, such as Rhizoma coptidis (Huang Lian), Curcuma longa L (Jiang Huang), and Radix Scutellariae (Huang Qin), and Chinese medicinal compounds, such as Gegen Qinlian Decoction, Banxia Xiexin Decoction, and Shenling Baizhu Powder, potentially treat these two diseases by enriching the diversity of the gut microbiota, increasing beneficial bacteria and butyrate-producing bacteria, reducing pathogenic bacteria, improving the intestinal mucosal barrier, and inhibiting intestinal and systemic inflammation. In conclusion, this study found that a variety of traditional Chinese herbal medicines can simultaneously treat ulcerative colitis and type 2 diabetes, and the gut microbiota may be a significant target for herbal medicine as it exerts its therapeutic effect of "treating different diseases with the same method".
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Affiliation(s)
- Boxun Zhang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ke Liu
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haoyu Yang
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Zishan Jin
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qiyou Ding
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Graduate College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Linhua Zhao
- Institute of Metabolic Diseases, Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Chen X, Ma L, Liu X, Wang J, Li Y, Xie Q, Liang J. Clostridium butyricum alleviates dextran sulfate sodium-induced experimental colitis and promotes intestinal lymphatic vessel regeneration in mice. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2022; 10:341. [PMID: 35434001 PMCID: PMC9011313 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-1059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is the most common precancerous lesion of colitis-associated colon cancer (CAC). Studies have confirmed that pathological changes in intestinal lymphatic vessels (LVs) significantly promoted the development of IBD-associated carcinogenesis. An imbalance in the microecology of the intestinal flora is a key factor in the progression of IBD. As a result, therapeutic techniques that focus on the relationship between LV regeneration and flora management might be a potential treatment strategy. Methods We investigated the role of Clostridium butyricum (C butyricum) in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced IBD mouse model. Balb/c mice were given 3% DSS in their drinking water for 8 days to produce acute colitis and simultaneously administrated with C butyricum for 12 days. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining was used to evaluate the degree of colitis tissue damage. Levels of the lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC)-specific marker LYVE-1 and intestinal expressions of pro-lymphatic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C and VEGF-D were determined using immunohistochemical assays. Results In a DSS-induced IBD mouse model, we found that butyric acid-producing C butyricum significantly reduced disease activity index (DAI) scores in mice, reversed the shortening of the colon, weakened the degree of damage to colonic epithelial tissues, inhibited lymphocyte infiltration, and reduced pathological damage to the colon. To our knowledge, this is the first time that tissue expressions of LYVE-1, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D have been seen to increase in IBD-model mice after treatment with C butyricum. Conclusions Our findings suggest that C butyricum might alleviate IBD in DSS-induced IBD-model mice by promoting intestinal LV regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, China.,Department of Oncology, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaolin Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Qi Xie
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong Key Laboratory of Rheumatic Disease and Translational Medicine, Shandong Lung Cancer Institute, Jinan, China
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