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Li S, Huang J, Luo D, Fu W, Liu J. Electro-acupuncture inhibits HDAC2 via modulating gut microbiota to ameliorate SNI-induced pain and depression-like behavior in rats. J Affect Disord 2024; 360:305-313. [PMID: 38395201 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression and chronic pain frequent co-occur, exacerbating each other's symptoms and hindering treatment. Emerging studies have highlighted abnormal gut microbiota in both conditions. Previous studies have demonstrated the clinical effectiveness of electro-acupuncture (EA) in managing these conditions, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. METHODS Spared nerve injury (SNI) was employed to induce chronic pain and depression-like behavior. Rats were randomly assigned to sham SNI (SS), SNI, and EA groups. SNI surgery was performed on all rats, except those in SS group, which underwent sham SNI surgery. Then EA group received 5 weeks of EA treatment. Pain and depression-like behavior were assessed through paw withdrawal threshold, sucrose-preference test, and forced swim test. Gut microbiota composition was analyzed via 16S rDNA sequencing. Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) and acetylation-related proteins in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) were evaluated through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot. RESULTS EA treatment significantly ameliorated pain and depression-like behavior. The 16S rDNA sequencing showed EA modulated gut microbiota composition, increased short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs)-producing bacteria, including Akkermansi, Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae family, particularly Akkermansia. Furthermore, EA increased BDNF, AcH3 and decreased HDAC2 in mPFC. Notably, SCFAs-producing bacteria exhibited a negative correlation with HDAC2 levels. LIMITATIONS This study exclusively investigated microbiota differences resulting from EA stimulation, without delving into the functional variations brought about by these microbial distinctions. CONCLUSIONS The therapeutic effects of EA on the comorbidity of chronic pain and depression may involve the modulation of the gut microbiota, resulting in histone acetylation changes and upregulation of BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The second affiliated hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jianpeng Huang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The second affiliated hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ding Luo
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The second affiliated hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenbin Fu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The second affiliated hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jianhua Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, The second affiliated hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
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Huo M, Zhang Q, Si Y, Zhang Y, Chang H, Zhou M, Zhang D, Fang Y. The role of purinergic signaling in acupuncture-mediated relief of neuropathic and inflammatory pain. Purinergic Signal 2024:10.1007/s11302-024-09985-y. [PMID: 38305986 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-024-09985-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Acupuncture is a traditional medicinal practice in China that has been increasingly recognized in other countries in recent decades. Notably, several reports have demonstrated that acupuncture can effectively aid in pain management. However, the analgesic mechanisms through which acupuncture provides such benefits remain poorly understood. Purinergic signaling, which is mediated by purine nucleotides and purinergic receptors, has been proposed to play a central role in acupuncture analgesia. On the one hand, acupuncture affects the transmission of nociception by increasing adenosine triphosphate dephosphorylation and thereby decreasing downstream P2X3, P2X4, and P2X7 receptors signaling activity, regulating the levels of inflammatory factors, neurotrophic factors, and synapsin I. On the other hand, acupuncture exerts analgesic effects by promoting the production of adenosine, enhancing the expression of downstream adenosine A1 and A2A receptors, and regulating downstream inflammatory factors or synaptic plasticity. Together, this systematic overview of the field provides a sound, evidence-based foundation for future research focused on the application of acupuncture as a means of relieving pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingzhu Huo
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxiang Zhang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxin Si
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Youlin Zhang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongen Chang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Zhou
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Engineering of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
- State Key Laboratory of Component-based Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuxin Fang
- Research Center of Experimental Acupuncture Science, College of Acumox and Tuina, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, 301617, People's Republic of China.
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Shi J, Zhang X, Chen J, Shen R, Cui H, Wu H. Acupuncture and moxibustion therapy for cognitive impairment: the microbiome-gut-brain axis and its role. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1275860. [PMID: 38274501 PMCID: PMC10808604 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1275860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cognitive impairment poses a significant burden on individuals, families, and society worldwide. Despite the lack of effective treatment strategies, emerging evidence suggests that the microbiome-gut-brain (MGB) axis may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of cognitive impairment. While targeted treatment is not yet comprehensive, recently, acupuncture and moxibustion therapy has participated increasingly in the treatment of degenerative diseases and has achieved a certain therapeutic effect. In this review, the possible mechanisms by which acupuncture and moxibustion therapy may improve cognitive impairment through the MGB axis are reviewed, including regulating gut microbial homeostasis, improving intestinal inflammation mediated by the neuroendocrine-immune system, and enhancing intestinal barrier function. We also discuss common acupoints and corresponding mechanism analysis to provide insights into further exploration of mechanisms that target the MGB axis and thereby intervene in cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiatian Shi
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Department of Mental Health, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruishi Shen
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huashun Cui
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Huangan Wu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Yueyang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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4
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Li X, Liu S, Liu H, Zhu JJ. Acupuncture for gastrointestinal diseases. Anat Rec (Hoboken) 2023; 306:2997-3005. [PMID: 35148031 DOI: 10.1002/ar.24871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Acupuncture, an important component of traditional Chinese medicine, has gained growing attention around the world in the past decades. Both manual and electroacupuncture are commonly used in clinical practice, especially by patients with gastrointestinal disorders seeking symptoms control due to disease signs recurrence and/or lack of effective treatments. Currently, patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders, constipation, gastroesophageal reflux disease, inflammatory bowel disease, ileus, acute pancreatitis, and gastroparesis may benefit from acupuncture treatment, as clinically evident, and the most frequently used acupoints are chosen from the large intestine, stomach, bladder, and spleen meridian. The underlying mechanisms of acupuncture involve the neuromodulation, adjustment of gastrointestinal motility and visceral hypersensitivity, anti-inflammation, repairment of gut microbiota, and intestinal barrier. As methodology advanced, cumulative number of well-designed clinical trials has been established, which might help elevating clinicians and gastroenterologists' awareness and perception toward application of acupuncture for gastrointestinal diseases management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Jie Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Digestive Disease Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Sun LQ, Luo FL, Chen S, Zheng QH, Wang L, Hou YJ, Wang K, Yao JP, Yan XY, Shi YZ, Li Y. Acupuncture as an adjunctive therapy for gastric ulcer: A modified Delphi consensus study. Complement Ther Med 2023; 79:102997. [PMID: 37865304 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2023.102997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acupuncture is often used as an adjunctive therapy for gastric ulcer (GU). However, there is still a lack of evidence on the appropriate and optimal interventions for acupuncture. This study aimed to optimize the acupuncture treatment of gastric ulcers based on expert consensus for guiding acupuncturists in clinical practice. METHODS To conduct this study, research evidence was gathered from databases in both Chinese and English. After discussion, preliminary clinical questions were developed. Following three rounds of multidisciplinary clinical expert consultation, the initial consensus questionnaire was formed after testing and modification by team members. A Delphi consensus was ultimately reached to answer the questionnaire and develop guidance for acupuncture treatment. A 9-point Likert-type scale was used to measure the agreement of expert consensus, where a score of 80% between 7 and 9 was defined as "agreement." RESULTS After two rounds of Delphi voting, a total of 35 items reached an agreement. These items can be roughly divided into 6 domains. According to expert consensus, the application of acupuncture for gastric ulcer should follow a semistandardized approach. Based on the syndrome differentiation, the main acupoints recommended are Zusanli (ST36), Zhongwan (CV12), Neiguan (PC6), and Sanyinjiao (SP6), while the adjunct acupoints include Taichong (LR3), Guanyuan (CV4), Xuehai (SP10), and Taixi (KI3). In the experience of experts, adverse events associated with acupuncture are typically mild and often manifest as subcutaneous hematomas. CONCLUSION There is a lack of definitive acupuncture guidelines that can effectively determine the optimal therapeutic approach for the treatment of gastric ulcer. This expert consensus provides recommendations for clinical research and practice of acupuncture, with a particular focus on the selection of acupoints. However, further exploration through rigorous studies is necessary due to the limited availability of clinical evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Qiang Sun
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang-Li Luo
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China; Department of Clinical Medicine of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, North Sichuan Medical University, Nanchong, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian-Hua Zheng
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu-Jun Hou
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Kai Wang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun-Peng Yao
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiang-Yun Yan
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yun-Zhou Shi
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Ying Li
- Acupuncture and Tuina School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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Li J, Han Y, Zhou M, Liu N, Li H, Huang G, Yu Z, Luo D, Zhang H, Zheng X, Liang F, Chen R. Electroacupuncture ameliorates AOM/DSS-induced mice colorectal cancer by inhibiting inflammation and promoting autophagy via the SIRT1/miR-215/Atg14 axis. Aging (Albany NY) 2023; 15:13194-13212. [PMID: 38006398 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common tumors of the digestive tract, with the third-highest incidence and the second-highest mortality rate among all malignant tumors worldwide. However, treatment options for CRC remain limited. As a complementary therapy, acupuncture or electro-acupuncture (EA) has been widely applied in the treatment of various inflammation-related diseases, such as obesity, ulcerative colitis and tumors. Although numerous pre-clinical and clinical studies have investigated the beneficial effects of acupuncture on CRC, the mechanism underlying the therapeutic action of EA is largely unknown. Evidence from previous studies has revealed that SIRT1 participates in CRC progression by activating autophagy-related miRNAs. Using azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium- (AOM/DSS-) induced colorectal cancer model in mice, we explored whether EA treatment can inhibit inflammation and promote autophagy via the SIRT1/miR-215/Atg14 axis. Our results showed that EA notably alleviated the CRC in mice, by decreasing the tumor number and DAI scores, inflammation, and increasing body weight of mice. Besides, EA increased the expression of SIRT1 and autophagy. Further experiments showed that SIRT1 overexpression downregulated miR-215, and promoted the expression of Atg14, whereas SIRT1 knockdown induced opposite results. In conclusion, EA can ameliorate AOM/DSS-induced CRC through regulating the SIRT1-mediated miR-215/Atg14 axis by suppressing inflammation and promoting autophagy in mice. These findings reveal a potential molecular mechanism underlying the anti-CRC effect of EA indicating that EA is a promising therapeutic candidate for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxiao Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Ying Han
- Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Minfeng Zhou
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Na Liu
- Rehabilitation Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Union Red Cross Hospital, Wuhan 430015, China
| | - Huarong Li
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Guichen Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Zhaomin Yu
- Department of Oncology, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Dan Luo
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Orthopaedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Haiming Zhang
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Orthopaedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Xiangyi Zheng
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Orthopaedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Fengxia Liang
- College of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and Orthopaedics, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan 430060, China
| | - Rui Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
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7
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Alam MJ, Chen JDZ. Non-invasive neuromodulation: an emerging intervention for visceral pain in gastrointestinal disorders. Bioelectron Med 2023; 9:27. [PMID: 37990288 PMCID: PMC10664460 DOI: 10.1186/s42234-023-00130-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders, which extend from the esophagus to the anus, are the most common diseases of the GI tract. Among these disorders, pain, encompassing both abdominal and visceral pain, is a predominant feature, affecting the patients' quality of life and imposing a substantial financial burden on society. Pain signals originating from the gut intricately shape brain dynamics. In response, the brain sends appropriate descending signals to respond to pain through neuronal inhibition. However, due to the heterogeneous nature of the disease and its limited pathophysiological understanding, treatment options are minimal and often controversial. Consequently, many patients with GI disorders use complementary and alternative therapies such as neuromodulation to treat visceral pain. Neuromodulation intervenes in the central, peripheral, or autonomic nervous system by alternating or modulating nerve activity using electrical, electromagnetic, chemical, or optogenetic methodologies. Here, we review a few emerging noninvasive neuromodulation approaches with promising potential for alleviating pain associated with functional dyspepsia, gastroparesis, irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and non-cardiac chest pain. Moreover, we address critical aspects, including the efficacy, safety, and feasibility of these noninvasive neuromodulation methods, elucidate their mechanisms of action, and outline future research directions. In conclusion, the emerging field of noninvasive neuromodulation appears as a viable alternative therapeutic avenue for effectively managing visceral pain in GI disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Jahangir Alam
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
| | - Jiande D Z Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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Wan W, Wang Y, Li L, Ma C, Wang Y, You F. Electroacupuncture Improves Learning and Memory Abilities via Activating AMPK/mTOR-Induced Autophagy in APP/PS1 Mice. Biochem Genet 2023:10.1007/s10528-023-10503-9. [PMID: 37980310 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10503-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) has become a global public health problem characterized by memory and cognitive impairments. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been indicated to exert promising therapeutic effects on AD. This study aimed to further investigate the underlying mechanism of EA in AD treatment. APP/PS1 transgenic mice and wide-type mice underwent with or without EA treatment at GV20 and BL23 acupoints. Morris water maze test was utilized for examining the learning and memory of mice. Hematoxylin-eosin, Congo red, immunofluorescence, and TUNEL staining were employed for detecting the pathological changes of mouse brain hippocampus. Western blotting was implemented for measuring protein levels of autophagy- and AMPK/mTOR pathway-associated markers. APP/PS1 mice exhibited significant impairments in the spatial learning and memory. EA treatment improved the cognitive impairments, reduced amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition, and alleviated neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal tissues of APP/PS1 mice. EA promoted autophagy and activated the AMPK/mTOR signaling pathway in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. EA improves the cognitive deficits, enhances Aβ clearance, and attenuates neuronal apoptosis in APP/PS1 mice in part by activating AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjun Wan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli Street, Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli Street, Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli Street, Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Chaoyang Ma
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli Street, Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Yanfu Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli Street, Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014, China.
| | - Fei You
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 26 Shengli Street, Jiangan District, Wuhan, 430014, China.
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Xu YQ, Gou Y, Yuan JJ, Zhu YX, Ma XM, Chen C, Huang XX, Yang ZX, Zhou YM. Peripheral Blood Inflammatory Cytokine Factors Expressions are Associated with Response to Acupuncture Therapy in Postpartum Depression Patients. J Inflamm Res 2023; 16:5189-5203. [PMID: 38026248 PMCID: PMC10655746 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s436907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Increasing evidences demonstrate that immune dysregulation can result in depression, and it is reported that persistent inflammatory response is related to the unresponsiveness of antidepressant treatment. Purpose This study aimed to explore the reason why some responded but some not responded to acupuncture in treating postpartum depression (PPD), and whether it related to the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Patients and Methods Women diagnosed with PPD were recruited in to accept 8-week acupuncture. All subjects were assessed the 17-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS17) at baseline, week 1, week 2, week 4 and week 8 during the treatment. A panel of 9 cytokines was measured at baseline and 8 weeks. Results Of the 121 participants, 96 completed the 8-week assessment and 46 completed the blood sample collection. HDRS17 scores of 96 subjects showed significant statistical reduction since the first week (P = 0.002) and reached to 5.31 (P < 0.000) at the end of therapy. And we divided the 46 subjects into responders and non-responders according to the response rate of HDRS17 scores. Responders and non-responders did not differ significantly between-group in changes in the 9 cytokines. In responders, IL-6, IL-10 and IFN-γ levels were statistically lower (P = 0.006; P = 0.033; P = 0.024), while TGF-β1 was statistically higher after 8 weeks treatment (P < 0.000). In non-responders, the levels of IL-5, TNF-α and TGF-β1 were statistically higher (P = 0.018; P < 0.000; P < 0.000), while IFN-γ was statistically lower (P = 0.005). Conclusion Acupuncture could alleviate depressive symptoms of patients with PPD and might through adjusting peripheral inflammatory response by up-regulating anti-inflammatory cytokines and down-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qin Xu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - YanHua Gou
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Jun Yuan
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan-Xian Zhu
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ming Ma
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- Shenzhen Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-Xian Huang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhuo-Xin Yang
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Mei Zhou
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Song G, Trujillo S, Fu Y, Shibi F, Chen J, Fass R. Transcutaneous electrical stimulation for gastrointestinal motility disorders. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2023; 35:e14618. [PMID: 37288650 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Gastrointestinal (GI) dysmotility is categorized by muscle or nerve dysfunctions in any portion of the GI tract, which leads to abnormalities in GI motor and sensory function. Symptoms may vary depending on the organ affected and can be debilitating. Treatment usually involves diet and lifestyle changes. Pharmacotherapy is limited in effectiveness with various side effects. Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES), a noninvasive, needleless technique that provides electrical stimulation using cutaneous non-needle electrodes, has become increasingly popular. It has been shown to be beneficial in treating GI motility disorders. METHODS This review paper navigates through the different TES techniques, including transcutaneous peripheral nerve (vagal/sacral/tibial nerves) electrical stimulation, transcutaneous electrical acustimulation (stimulation via acupuncture point), transcutaneous interferential current therapy, and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. KEY RESULTS As we delve deeper, we explore the promising effects of TES on dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, functional dyspepsia, gastroparesis, postoperative ileus, constipation, and irritable bowel syndrome. The literature at hand speaks volumes about the therapeutic prowess of this noninvasive technique. CONCLUSION & INFERENCES The time is ripe to evaluate further the full therapeutic potential of TES, a noninvasive, nonpharmaceutical, nonsurgical, and home-based self-administrative technique in managing GI motility disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengqing Song
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sophie Trujillo
- Department of Internal Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yuhan Fu
- Department of Internal Medicine, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Fahmi Shibi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, HaEmek Medical Center, Afula, Israel
| | - Jiande Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Ronnie Fass
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, MetroHealth Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Hao J, Zhao Y, Cao Y, Wang H, Ji L. Electroacupuncture for ulcerative colitis patients: A meta-analysis and acupoints selection study. Heliyon 2023; 9:e20789. [PMID: 37928023 PMCID: PMC10623169 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e20789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture (EA) on ulcerative colitis (UC) and explore the influence of EA parameters and acupoint compatibility to optimize the clinical treatment plan. Methods After searching eight databases, data were extracted and analyzed to determine the quality and bias of the study's methodological design, and randomized controlled trial (RCT) datas were meta-analyzed. Results Twelve studies that meet the criteria were included. The results of meta-analysis indicated that, compared with the control group, experimental group had better clinical efficacy [RR = 1.27, 95%CI = (1.19, 1.36), P < 0.01], Other indicators such as cure rate [RR = 1.73, 95%CI = (1.43, 2.09), P < 0.01], effective rate of mucosal lesions under enteroscopy [RR = 1.24, 95%CI = (1.11, 1.38), P < 0.01], serum inflammatory factor TNF-α [MD = -41.11, 95%CI = (-46.01, 36.22), P < 0.01] were significantly better than those in the control group. Sixteen acupoints on the Ren, Bladder, Stomach, Spleen, and Liver meridians were used 74 times. RN4-ST25 is the most compatible acupoints. Conclusion The clinical efficacy of EA in treating UC is superior than the control group's, and it has curative effects in terms of cure rate, efficacy of mucosal lesions under colonoscopy, serum inflammatory factors, and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndrome scores. Combining acupoints of the Bladder, Stomach, and Ren meridians and using dense wave for 30 min each time for more than 6 weeks may be optimal for UC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianheng Hao
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
- College of the Second Clinical, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Yuemeng Zhao
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Yuxia Cao
- College of the Second Clinical, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Haijun Wang
- College of the Second Clinical, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Laixi Ji
- College of the Second Clinical, Shanxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinzhong, 030619, China
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12
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Gao H, Ding W. Effect and mechanism of acupuncture on endogenous and exogenous stem cells in disease treatment: A therapeutic review. Life Sci 2023; 331:122031. [PMID: 37598978 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Acupuncture is effective intervention, particularly in nerve, endocrine diseases and immune diseases. The potential mechanisms mediating the effects of acupuncture include anti-inflammatory and oxidative stress, inhibition of cell apoptosis, and stimulation of the proliferation and differentiation of endogenous stem cells. Traditional Chinese medicine combined with stem cell transplantation have a synergistic effect in the treatment of diseases. Increasing studies have found that acupuncture can promote the proliferation, differentiation, homing and survival of exogenous stem cells. This article reviews the mechanism of acupuncture and Chinese herbs on endogenous stem cells and exogenous stem cells in the combined intervention of diverse disorders and the major problems in past 15 years, which will provide a reference for future clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Gao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Weijun Ding
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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13
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Coates MD, Clarke K, Williams E, Jeganathan N, Yadav S, Giampetro D, Gordin V, Smith S, Vrana K, Bobb A, Gazzio TT, Tressler H, Dalessio S. Abdominal Pain in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An Evidence-Based, Multidisciplinary Review. CROHN'S & COLITIS 360 2023; 5:otad055. [PMID: 37867930 PMCID: PMC10588456 DOI: 10.1093/crocol/otad055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal pain is one of the most common and impactful symptoms associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including both Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. A great deal of research has been undertaken over the past several years to improve our understanding and to optimize management of this issue. Unfortunately, there is still significant confusion about the underlying pathophysiology of abdominal pain in these conditions and the evidence underlying treatment options in this context. There is also a relative paucity of comprehensive reviews on this topic, including those that simultaneously evaluate pharmacological and nonpharmacological therapeutic options. In this review, our multidisciplinary team examines evidence for various currently available medical, surgical, and other analgesic options to manage abdominal pain in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew D Coates
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Kofi Clarke
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Emmanuelle Williams
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Nimalan Jeganathan
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Sanjay Yadav
- Department of Psychiatry, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - David Giampetro
- Department of Anesthesia & Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Vitaly Gordin
- Department of Anesthesia & Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Sadie Smith
- Department of Anesthesia & Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Kent Vrana
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Anne Bobb
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Thu Thi Gazzio
- Department of Surgery, Division of Colorectal Surgery, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Heather Tressler
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Shannon Dalessio
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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14
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Bae JH, Kang SY, You SE, Jeong HI, Jang S, Kim KH. The Effects of Acupuncture on Crohn's Disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Pharmacopuncture 2023; 26:211-226. [PMID: 37799620 PMCID: PMC10547815 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2023.26.3.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives Crohn's disease is a chronic gastrointestinal disease that belongs to inflammatory bowel disease. This systematic review aims to assess the level of evidence in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of acupuncture for Crohn's disease. Methods We searched 12 databases from the date of the establishment of each database up to May, 2023 for relevant RCTs. The risk of bias of each study was assessed independently by three reviewers. The level of evidence of meta-analysis was assessed using GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation). Results A total of 12 studies were included. The effective rate (odds ratio [OR] 3.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.43, 7.30) for mild to moderate Crohn's disease patients showed a significant difference between the acupuncture with moxibustion group and the sham-acupuncture with sham-moxibustion group. CDAI change (mean difference [MD] -74.15, 95% CI -93.28, -55.01) for mild to moderate Crohn's disease showed a significant difference between the acupuncture with moxibustion group and the sham-acupuncture with sham-moxibustion group. Conclusion Although acupuncture with moxibustion showed significant effects compared to sham-acupuncture with sham-moxibustion, the effect of acupuncture alone is inconclusive. Moreover, only the effect of acupuncture treatment on mild to moderate Crohn's disease patients was derived as a remarkable result. To confirm the effectiveness of acupuncture treatment for Crohn's disease, studies using only acupuncture for intervention or more RCTs targeting various Crohn's disease patients according to the CDAI are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joon Hyun Bae
- College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo Young Kang
- College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Si Eun You
- College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Wanju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye In Jeong
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soobin Jang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Daegu Haany University, Gyeongsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyeong Han Kim
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Woosuk University, Wanju, Republic of Korea
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15
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Zhang RB, Dong LC, Shen Y, Li HY, Huang Q, Yu SG, Wu QF. Electroacupuncture alleviates ulcerative colitis by targeting CXCL1: evidence from the transcriptome and validation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1187574. [PMID: 37727787 PMCID: PMC10505654 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1187574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background We aimed to use transcriptomics, bioinformatics analysis, and core gene validation to identify the core gene and potential mechanisms for electroacupuncture (EA) treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). Materials and methods EA was performed in mice after induction of UC via dextran sodium sulfate. Body weight, disease activity index (DAI), colon length, and hematoxylin-eosin of the colon tissue were used to evaluate the effects of EA. Mice transcriptome samples were analyzed to identify the core genes, and further verified with human transcriptome database; the ImmuCellAI database was used to analyze the relationship between the core gene and immune infiltrating cells (IICs); and immunofluorescence was used to verify the results. Results EA could reduce DAI and histological colitis scores, increase bodyweight and colon length, and improve the expression of local and systemic proinflammatory factors in the serum and colon of UC mice. Eighteen co-differentially expressed genes were identified by joint bioinformatics analyses of mouse and human transcriptional data; Cxcl1 was the core gene. EA affected IICs by inhibiting Cxcl1 expression and regulated the polarization of macrophages by affecting the Th1 cytokine IFN-γ, inhibiting the expression of CXCL1. Conclusions CXCL1 is the target of EA, which is associated with the underlying immune mechanism related to Th1 cytokine IFN-γ.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Shu-Guang Yu
- Acupuncture and Tuina College, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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16
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Li H, Ye XF, Su YS, He W, Zhang JB, Zhang Q, Zhan LB, Jing XH. Mechanism of Acupuncture and Moxibustion on Promoting Mucosal Healing in Ulcerative Colitis. Chin J Integr Med 2023; 29:847-856. [PMID: 35412218 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-022-3531-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The latest guideline about ulcerative colitis (UC) clinical practice stresses that mucosal healing, rather than anti-inflammation, is the main target in UC clinical management. Current mucosal dysfunction mainly closely relates to the endoscopic intestinal wall (mechanical barrier) injury with the imbalance between intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) regeneration and death, as well as tight junction (TJ) dysfunction. It is suggested that biological barrier (gut microbiota), chemical barrier (mucus protein layer, MUC) and immune barrier (immune cells) all take part in the imbalance, leading to mechanical barrier injury. Lots of experimental studies reported that acupuncture and moxibustion on UC recovery by adjusting the gut microbiota, MUC and immune cells on multiple targets and pathways, which contributes to the balance of IEC regeneration and death, as well as TJ structure recovery in animals. Moreover, the validity and superiority of acupuncture and moxibustion were also demonstrated in clinic. This study aims to review the achievements of acupuncture and moxibustion on mucosal healing and analyse the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213002, China
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Ye
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213002, China
| | - Yang-Shuai Su
- Research Center of Meridians, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Wei He
- Research Center of Meridians, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Jian-Bin Zhang
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 211005, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Changzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, 213002, China
| | - Li-Bin Zhan
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Liaoning University of Chinese Medicine, Shenyang, 116600, China
| | - Xiang-Hong Jing
- Research Center of Meridians, Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
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17
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Li J, Pu Y, Li S, He B, Chen J. Orally Administrated Olsalazine-Loaded Multilayer Pectin/Chitosan/Alginate Composite Microspheres for Ulcerative Colitis Treatment. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:2250-2263. [PMID: 37068182 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease is extremely cloudy. Maintaining the level of remission lesions in colitis is the default treatment attitude at present. Epithelial barrier restoration is considered as the same important strategy as colonic targeted drug delivery in UC treatment. In this paper, we developed a multilayer natural polysaccharide microsphere (pectin/chitosan/alginate) with pH and enzyme dual sensitivity to reduce the loss of medication in the upper digestive tract and preferentially adhere to exposed epithelial cells in colonic tissues by electrostatic forces for efficiently targeted UC treatment. Olsalazine as an inflammatory drug was efficiently loaded in the chitosan layer and realized a colonic pH-responsive drug release. Furthermore, the multilayer microspheres exhibited excellent capability in suppressing harmful flora and a bio-adhesion effect to extend the duration of local medicine. In the in vivo anti-colitis study, the downregulated levels of pro-inflammatory factors and the increase of tight junction protein indicated the excellent anti-inflammation effect of the olsalazine-loaded microspheres. In summary, these results showed that the multilayer natural polysaccharide microspheres could be a powerful candidate in the targeted drug delivery system for UC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yuji Pu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Sai Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Bin He
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, College of Biomedical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Jianlin Chen
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Prevention and Control Technology of Veterinary Drug Residue in Animal-origin Food, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China
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18
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Effect of electroacupuncture on gut microbiota and related inflammatory factors in rats with Crohn disease. JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE AND TUINA SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11726-023-1365-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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19
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Exploring the mechanism by which acupuncture and moxibustion reduce colonic mucosal inflammation in rats with ulcerative colitis (UC) based on the P2X7R-NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. JOURNAL OF ACUPUNCTURE AND TUINA SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11726-023-1364-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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20
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Yang X, He M, Tang Q, Wang Z, Jin D, Wu X, Yang Y, Ma D, Sun M, Li T. Assessment of Anti-inflammatory Efficacy of Acupuncture in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Complement Ther Med 2023; 74:102946. [PMID: 36997007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2023.102946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammation has a significant role in the onset and progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Increasing attention has been paid to the use of acupuncture in IBD patients; however, its regulatory effects on inflammatory factors in IBD still require validation. Here, we systematically evaluated the effects of acupuncture on inflammatory factors in IBD patients. METHODS Eight electronic databases were searched for studies that met the inclusion criteria. After evaluating the quality of the studies selected by two reviewers, the meta-analysis was performed to assess the efficacy of acupuncture in IBD patients and the impact on inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-8 and IL-10). RESULTS Four randomized controlled trials with a total of 228 patients satisfied the inclusion criteria. Acupuncture has a positive therapeutic impact on IBD (MD = 1.22, 95% CI [1.07, 1.39], P =0.003). Moreover, it regulates the levels of TNF-α (MD =-60.58, 95% CI [-100.30, -20.89], P =0.003), IL-8 (MD =-56.40, 95% CI [-60.02, -52.14], P<0.00001) and IL-10 (MD =35.96, 95% CI [11.02, 60.91], P =0.005) in IBD patients. However, the P value of meta-analysis in IL-1 great than 0.05.(MD =-27.90, 95% CI [-97.82, 42.02], P =0.11). CONCLUSION Acupuncture has a positive therapeutic impact on IBD and can effectively regulate inflammatory factors in IBD patients. TNF-α, IL-8 and IL-10 are more appropriate inflammatory indicators for clinically evaluating the anti-inflammatory response in the blood of IBD patients by acupuncture.
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Shen JC, Qi Q, Han D, Lu Y, Huang R, Zhu Y, Zhang LS, Qin XD, Zhang F, Wu HG, Liu HR. Moxibustion improves experimental colitis in rats with Crohn's disease by regulating bile acid enterohepatic circulation and intestinal farnesoid X receptor. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 21:194-204. [PMID: 36740466 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was conducted to explore the mechanism of intestinal inflammation and barrier repair in Crohn's disease (CD) regulated by moxibustion through bile acid (BA) enterohepatic circulation and intestinal farnesoid X receptor (FXR). METHODS Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control group, CD model group, mild moxibustion group and herb-partitioned moxibustion group. CD model rats induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid were treated with mild moxibustion or herb-partitioned moxibustion at Tianshu (ST25) and Qihai (CV6). The changes in CD symptoms were rated according to the disease activity index score, the serum and colon tissues of rats were collected, and the pathological changes in colon tissues were observed via histopathology. Western blot, immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence were used to evaluate the improvement of moxibustion on intestinal inflammation and mucosal barrier in CD by the BA-FXR pathway. RESULTS Mild moxibustion and herb-partitioned moxibustion improved the symptoms of CD, inhibited inflammation and repaired mucosal damage to the colon in CD rats. Meanwhile, moxibustion could improve the abnormal expression of BA in the colon, liver and serum, downregulate the expression of interferon-γ and upregulate the expression of FXR mRNA, and inhibit Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) mRNA. The IHC results showed that moxibustion could upregulate the expression of FXR and mucin2 and inhibit TLR4 expression. Western blot showed that moxibustion inhibited the protein expression of TLR4 and MyD88 and upregulated the expression of FXR. Immunofluorescence image analysis showed that moxibustion increased the colocalization sites and intensity of FXR with TLR4 or nuclear factor-κB p65. In particular, herb-partitioned moxibustion has more advantages in improving BA and upregulating FXR and TLR4 in the colon. CONCLUSION Mild moxibustion and herb-partitioned moxibustion can improve CD by regulating the enterohepatic circulation stability of BA, activating colonic FXR, regulating the TLR4/MyD88 pathway, inhibiting intestinal inflammation and repairing the intestinal mucosal barrier. Herb-partitioned moxibustion seems to have more advantages in regulating BA enterohepatic circulation and FXR activation. Please cite this article as: Shen JC, Qi Q, Han D, Lu Y, Huang R, Zhu Y, Zhang LS, Qin XD, Zhang F, Wu HG, Liu HR. Moxibustion improves experimental colitis in rats with Crohn's disease by regulating bile acid enterohepatic circulation and intestinal farnesoid X receptor. J Integr Med. 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Cheng Shen
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Qin Qi
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Dong Han
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China; Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yuan Lu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Lin-Shan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xiu-di Qin
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Fang Zhang
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Huan-Gan Wu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China.
| | - Hui-Rong Liu
- Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai 200030, China.
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22
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Electroacupuncture Alleviates Neuroinflammation by Inhibiting the HMGB1 Signaling Pathway in Rats with Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12121732. [PMID: 36552192 PMCID: PMC9776077 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12121732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis-Associated Encephalopathy (SAE) is common in sepsis patients, with high mortality rates. It is believed that neuroinflammation is an important mechanism involved in SAE. High mobility group box 1 protein (HMGB1), as a late pro-inflammatory factor, is significantly increased during sepsis in different brain regions, including the hippocampus. HMGB1 causes neuroinflammation and cognitive impairment through direct binding to advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Electroacupuncture (EA) at Baihui (GV20) and Zusanli (ST36) is beneficial for neurological diseases and experimental sepsis. Our study used EA to treat SAE induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. The Y maze test was performed to assess working memory. Immunofluorescence (IF) and Western blotting (WB) were used to determine neuroinflammation and the HMGB1 signaling pathway. Results showed that EA could improve working memory impairment in rats with SAE. EA alleviated neuroinflammation by downregulating the hippocampus's HMGB1/TLR4 and HMGB1/RAGE signaling, reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors, and relieving microglial and astrocyte activation. However, EA did not affect the tight junctions' expression of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in the hippocampus.
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23
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Wu T, Fu C, Deng Y, Huang W, Wang J, Jiao Y. Acupuncture therapy for radiotherapy-induced adverse effect: A systematic review and network meta-analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1026971. [PMID: 36590000 PMCID: PMC9797977 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1026971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of different acupuncture therapies for radiotherapy-induced adverse effects (RIAEs) and find out the optimal scheme. Methods Eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were collected from inception to June 2020 from 9 bibliographic databases. The risk of bias evaluation of the analyzed literature was carried out using the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. Network meta-analysis was mainly performed using STATA 14.2 and OpenBUGS 3.2.3 by figuring out the network diagrams, league figures, and SUCRA values. Results A total of 41 studies with 3,011 participants reported data suitable for network meta-analysis. There was a low to moderate risk of bias in twenty of the articles. ST36 was the most widely prescribed acupoint. Based on network meta-analysis, four outcome indicators were described, namely, acupuncture + medication ranked first in treating radiation enteritis, moxibustion + medication ranked first in preventing radiotherapy-induced leukopenia, acupuncture + medication ranked first in preventing radioactive oral mucositis, and acupuncture ranked first in improving the stimulated salivary flow rate of radioactive xerostomia. Conclusion The findings of the network meta-analysis manifested that acupuncture therapy combined with medication has superiority in most RIAEs, both reducing incidence and relieving symptoms. However, high-quality studies are still needed to provide conclusive evidence. Systematic review registration https://inplasy.com/inplasy-2020-7-0054/, identifier: INPLASY202070054.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Wu
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,Institute of Science, Technology and Humanities, Shanghai University of Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengwei Fu
- The Second Clinical Medical School, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiran Deng
- Xiangyang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xiangyang, China
| | - Wanping Huang
- General Hospital of The Yangtze River Shipping, Wuhan, China
| | - Jieyu Wang
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,Jieyu Wang
| | - Yang Jiao
- Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, China,*Correspondence: Yang Jiao
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Yang X, Sun M, He M, Wang Z, Tang Q, Li T. Acupuncture for inflammatory bowel disease: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32236. [PMID: 36626462 PMCID: PMC9750616 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inflammatory bowel disease is a prevalent condition that has a major impact on the patient's life. The conventional drugs for IBD have limits, such as unpleasant events and a difficult recovery. External treatment such as acupuncture, is a traditional Chinese medicine-based therapy in which needles are used to restore the body's internal balance, and is gaining more and more popularity as a therapeutic option for IBD. However, there is a lack of evidence to support its efficacy and safety in IBD patients. The goal of this systematic review is to assess the evidence of acupuncture's efficacy and safety for IBD. METHODS MEDLINE, the Cochrane library, EMBASE, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the Chongqing VIP Chinese Science, Technology Periodical Database, the Wanfang database, Japanese medical database, Korean Robotics Institute Summer Scholars, and Thailand Thai-Journal Citation Index Centre will be searched from their inception to 9 November, 2022. Randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of manual acupuncture for patients with IBD, whether or not the blind technique is utilized, will be considered. Language and publication time are both unrestricted. Review Manager (V.5.3.5) will be used by 2 separate researchers to perform article retrieval, duplicate removal, screening, quality evaluation, and data analysis. Efficacy and safety of acupuncture for IBD will be assessed using outcomes including as total effective rate or cure rate, clinical symptom integral (abdominal pain, diarrhea, purulent stool), recurrence rate, inflammatory cytokines, and the Baron and Mayo scores. RESULTS The protocol of this study systematically will assess the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture for IBD. CONCLUSION This study investigates the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for IBD, providing clinicians and patients with additional options for the treatment of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Yang
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Mengmeng Sun
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Min He
- Northeast Asia Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zhihong Wang
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Qingqing Tang
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Tie Li
- Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- * Correspondence: Tie Li, Department of Acupuncture and Tuina, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China (e-mail: )
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Cao J, Yu Q, Sun M, He M, Liu R, Liu W, Wang F, Li T. Acupuncture for Crohn's disease: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e32163. [PMID: 36482527 PMCID: PMC9726384 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000032163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic recurrent gastrointestinal disorder with a high incidence of inflammation due to intestinal inflammation. Acupuncture is commonly used as an alternative therapy for patients with CD. The aim of this study was to design a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol, to provide guidance for the establishment of systematic evaluation and meta-analysis on the efficacy and safety of acupuncture on CD. METHODS We will search PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and 4 Chinese databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang database, VIP database, and Chinese Biomedical Database to obtain randomized controlled trials of CD treated with acupuncture from inception to November 5, 2022. Primary outcome include CD symptoms severity and clinical efficacy, secondary outcome indicators include laboratory indicators or inflammatory markers, severity of endoscopic lesions, quality of life, and safety outcomes. We will analyze the data using RevMan V.5.4 software. Two reviewers will assess the risk of bias and study quality by the Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Tool and GRADE methods, respectively. RESULTS This systematic review and meta-analysis protocol will analyze the efficacy, symptom improvement, quality of life, and safety of acupuncture therapy for CD. CONCLUSION This protocol outlines the planned scope and methodology of a forthcoming systematic review and meta-analysis to provide guidelines for a rigorous assessment of the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for the treatment of CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhen Cao
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Qianhui Yu
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Mengmeng Sun
- Northeast Asian Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Min He
- Northeast Asian Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Renming Liu
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Wu Liu
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Fuchun Wang
- Department of Acupuncture, The Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Tie Li
- Acupuncture and Moxibustion Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
- * Correspondence: Tie Li, Acupuncture and Moxibustion Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China (e-mail: )
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El Iskandarani S, Deng G. Acupuncture in hematologic malignancies and hematopoietic cell transplantation. Blood Rev 2022; 56:100985. [PMID: 35725779 PMCID: PMC10359773 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2022.100985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Acupuncture is an integrative medicine modality that has been used historically and studied recently for managing various symptoms and diseases. Patients with hematological malignancies often experience a high symptom burden including pain, fatigue, nausea, vomiting, and insomnia. Pharmacological interventions are the mainstay of managing these symptoms, although they may not provide adequate control or are not well tolerated due to side effects. There have been many randomized controlled trials of acupuncture on reduction of these symptoms. In this review, we will summarize the current evidence on the effect of acupuncture on the management of common symptoms experienced by patients with hematological malignancies and the current understanding of acupuncture's mechanism of action. The evidence is the strongest for reducing pain and nausea vomiting, less strong for symptoms such as peripheral neuropathy, fatigue, constipation, insomnia, night sweat, and pruritus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah El Iskandarani
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Integrative Medicine Service, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gary Deng
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Integrative Medicine Service, New York, NY, USA.
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Sishen Pill Ameliorates Dextran Sulfate Sodium (DSS)-Induced Colitis with Spleen-Kidney Yang Deficiency Syndromes: Role of Gut Microbiota, Fecal Metabolites, Inflammatory Dendritic Cells, and TLR4/NF- κB Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:6132289. [PMID: 36310616 PMCID: PMC9605852 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6132289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Sishen pill (SSP) is an old Chinese medicine used to treat colitis with spleen-kidney-yang deficiency (SKYD) syndromes. However, its exact mechanism of action has not yet been fully elucidated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects and potential mechanisms of SSP on colitis with SKYD syndromes in mice. Colitis with SKYD syndromes was induced by rhubarb, hydrocortisone, and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS), and treatment was provided with SSP. Flow cytometry was performed to examine the inflammatory dendritic cell (infDC) regulations of SSP. The changes in the gut microbiota (GM) and fecal metabolites post-SSP treatment were investigated using the combination of 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. Additionally, we also examined whether SSPs could regulate the infDCs by modifying TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways. Compared with the DSS group, the disease activity index, colonic weight, index of colonic weight, and colonic injury scores, as well as the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and IL-12p70 decreased significantly in the DSS + SSP group, while free triiodothyronine (FT3), free tetraiodothyronine (FT4), testosterone (TESTO), body weight change, colonic length, and the levels of IL-10 increased. Also, SSP decreased the amounts of CD103+CD11c+iNOS+, CD103+CD11c+TNF-α +, CD11c+CD103+CD324+, CD103+CD11c+MHC-II+, and CD103+CD11c+CD115+. Interestingly, 16S rRNA sequencing and untargeted metabolomics showed that SSP treatment restored the dysbiosis of GM and improved the dysfunction in fecal metabolism in colitis mice with SKYD syndromes. Correlation analysis indicated that the modulatory effects of SSP on FT3, FT4, IL-10, colonic weight index, CD103+CD11c+TNF-α +, CD103+CD11c+MHC-II+, and 13 common differential metabolites were related to alterations in the abundance of Parvibacter, Aerococcus, norank_f_Lachnospiraceae, Lachnospiraceae_UCG-006, Akkermansia, and Rhodococcus in the GM. In addition, SSP markedly inhibited the activation of the TLR4, MyD88, TRAF6, TAB2, and NF-κBp65 proteins and activated IκB. These results indicate that SSP can effectively alleviate colitis mice with SKYD syndrome by regulating infDCs, GM, fecal metabolites, and TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathways.
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Acupuncture Interventions for Alzheimer’s Disease and Vascular Cognitive Disorders: A Review of Mechanisms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:6080282. [PMID: 36211826 PMCID: PMC9534683 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6080282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairment (CI) related to Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular cognitive disorders (VCDs) has become a key problem worldwide. Importantly, CI is a neuropsychiatric abnormality mainly characterized by learning and memory impairments. The hippocampus is an important brain region controlling learning and memory. Recent studies have highlighted the effects of acupuncture on memory deficits in AD and VCDs. By reviewing the literature published on this topic in the past five years, the present study intends to summarize the effects of acupuncture on memory impairment in AD and VCDs. Focusing on hippocampal synaptic plasticity, we reviewed the mechanisms underlying the effects of acupuncture on memory impairments through regulation of synaptic proteins, AD characteristic proteins, intestinal microbiota, neuroinflammation, microRNA expression, orexin system, energy metabolism, etc., suggesting that hippocampal synaptic plasticity may be the common as well as the core link underlying the above mechanisms. We also discussed the potential strategies to improve the effect of acupuncture. Additionally, the effects of acupuncture on synaptic plasticity through the regulation of vascular–glia–neuron unit were further discussed.
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Li C, Wang L, Zhao J, Wei Y, Zhai S, Tan M, Guan K, Huang Z, Chen C. Lonicera rupicola Hook.f.et Thoms flavonoids ameliorated dysregulated inflammatory responses, intestinal barrier, and gut microbiome in ulcerative colitis via PI3K/AKT pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 104:154284. [PMID: 35777121 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lonicera rupicola Hook.f.et Thoms (LRH) is used as a customary medicinal herb in Tibetans. And LRH flavonoids have excellent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant pharmacological activities. However, the specific effects of LRH and its mechanism remain unknown, and there is a deficiency of systematic research, leading to the waste of LRH as a medicinal resource. PURPOSE In this study, in an attempt to rationalize the development and utilization of Tibetan herbal resources, the therapeutic efficacy and the underlying molecular mechanisms of LRH flavonoids on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC) were investigated, establishing the favorable basis for the pharmacodynamic material basis of LRH and providing a scientific basis for the discovery of new drugs for the treatment of UC. METHODS Firstly, ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used for identification and detection of the flavonoid components of LRH. Meanwhile, their potential targets, biological functions and signaling pathways were predicted with the assistance of network pharmacology analysis. Subsequently, pharmacological efficacy of LRH were evaluated by body weight loss, colon length, disease activity index (DAI), histology observation and the expression levels of inflammatory mediators, messenger RNA (mRNA) and tight junction proteins. Moreover, in the present investigation, we also profiled the gut microbiome via high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 region of 16S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) for bacterial community composition and diversity by Illumina MiSeq platforms. Finally, the key regulatory proteins in the PI3K/AKT pathways were measured to investigate their underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS A total of 37 LRH flavonoid components were identified and detected by UPLC-MS/MS, and 12 potential active components were obtained after screening. 137 of their common targets with UC were further predicted. GO and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis and molecular docking experiments demonstrated that LRH flavonoids could interfere with UC through "multi-component-multi-target-multi-pathway". In the animal experiments, LRH flavonoids could significantly attenuate UC as demonstrated by reducing the body weight loss and DAI, restoring colon length, decreasing oxidative stress, and improving the intestinal epithelial cell barrier. The mRNA and proteins expression levels of inflammatory mediators were returned to dynamic balance following LRH flavonoids treatment. 16S rDNA sequence analysis indicated that LRH flavonoids promoted the recovery of gut microbiome. And the PI3K/AKT pathway was significantly suppressed by LRH flavonoids. CONCLUSIONS LRH flavonoids exhibited multifaceted protective effects against DSS-induced UC in mice through mitigating colon inflammation and oxidative stress, restoring epithelial barrier function, and improving the gut microenvironment potentially through modulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway. This finding demonstrated that LRH flavonoids possessed great potential for becoming an excellent drug for the treatment of UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Li
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lu Wang
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Juebo Zhao
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yucai Wei
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Shuo Zhai
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Min Tan
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Kuikui Guan
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhihong Huang
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Chaoxi Chen
- College of Animal & Veterinary Sciences, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China; Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Animal Genetic Resource Reservation and Utilization, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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Hu XF, Zhang H, Yu LL, Ge WQ, Zhan-mu OY, Li YZ, Chen C, Hou TF, Xiang HC, Li YH, Su YS, Jing XH, Cao J, Pan HL, He W, Li M. Electroacupuncture Reduces Anxiety Associated With Inflammatory Bowel Disease By Acting on Cannabinoid CB1 Receptors in the Ventral Hippocampus in Mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:919553. [PMID: 35873560 PMCID: PMC9305710 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.919553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on the comorbidity of visceral pain and anxiety in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is well known. It has been known that the ventral hippocampus (vHPC) and the cannabinoid type 1 receptors (CB1R) are involved in regulating anxiety and pain. Therefore, in this study, we determined whether EA reduces visceral pain and IBD-induced anxiety via CB1R in the vHPC. We found that EA alleviated visceral hyperalgesia and anxiety in TNBS-treated IBD mice. EA reversed over-expression of CB1R in IBD mice and decreased the percentage of CB1R-expressed GABAergic neurons in the vHPC. Ablating CB1R of GABAergic neurons in the vHPC alleviated anxiety in TNBS-treated mice and mimicked the anxiolytic effect of EA. While ablating CB1R in glutamatergic neurons in the vHPC induced severe anxiety in wild type mice and inhibited the anxiolytic effect of EA. However, ablating CB1R in either GABAergic or glutamatergic neurons in the vHPC did not alter visceral pain. In conclusion, we found CB1R in both GABAergic neurons and glutamatergic neurons are involved in the inhibitory effect of EA on anxiety but not visceral pain in IBD mice. EA may exert anxiolytic effect via downregulating CB1R in GABAergic neurons and activating CB1R in glutamatergic neurons in the vHPC, thus reducing the release of glutamate and inhibiting the anxiety circuit related to vHPC. Thus, our study provides new information about the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of EA on anxiety induced by IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Fei Hu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling-Ling Yu
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Wen-Qiang Ge
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ou-Yang Zhan-mu
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan-Zhen Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Teng-Fei Hou
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hong-Chun Xiang
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuan-Heng Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yang-Shuai Su
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China
| | - Xiang-Hong Jing
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China
| | - Jie Cao
- Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Hui-Lin Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Wei He
- Institute of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (CACMS), Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Wei He, ; Man Li,
| | - Man Li
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Basic Medicine, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Wei He, ; Man Li,
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Liu X, Fan T, Guan J, Luo A, Yu Y, Chen D, Mao B, Jiang H, Liu W. Dopamine relieves inflammatory responses through the D2 receptor after electroacupuncture at ST36 in a mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Acupunct Med 2022:9645284221107684. [PMID: 35775581 DOI: 10.1177/09645284221107684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To detect the role of dopamine in the anti-inflammatory effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at ST36 in a mouse model of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). METHODS Twenty-eight male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into the control group, model group, sham EA (sham) group or ST36 EA (ST36) group in a 1:1:1:1 ratio (n = 7 each). The COPD mouse model was established through cigarette smoke (CS) exposure for 12 weeks. During the last 2 weeks, EA was applied at a sham point location or ST36 before CS exposure. Lung function, histopathological changes, inflammatory cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), inflammatory cytokines in BALF, plasma, lung tissue homogenate (LTH), and plasma dopamine levels were detected in the different groups. Furthermore, the role of different dopamine receptors was explored through intraperitoneal injections of non-specific dopamine receptor antagonist chlorpromazine, specific dopamine D1 receptor antagonist SCH 23390 and specific dopamine D2 receptor antagonist eticlopride hydrochloride prior to ST36 EA and CS exposure. RESULTS EA at ST36 improved lung function, alleviated lung and systemic inflammatory responses by reducing inflammatory cells and cytokines including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-8 and IL-1β in BALF, plasma and lung tissue in this COPD mouse model. Plasma dopamine was greatly increased after EA at ST36, negatively correlated with lung histological lesions and inflammatory cytokine levels, and positively correlated with mice body weight and lung function indicators. Chlorpromazine and eticlopride hydrochloride inhibited the anti-inflammatory effect of EA at ST36, while SCH 23390 showed no neutralizing effect. CONCLUSION EA at ST36 could alleviate inflammation in this mouse model of COPD through the dopamine D2 receptor pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemei Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Fan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinshuai Guan
- Department of Medicine-Neurology, Meishan Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease Hospital, Meishan, China
| | - Ai Luo
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Yu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Daohong Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bing Mao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongli Jiang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Liu GH, Zhuo XC, Huang YH, Liu HM, Wu RC, Kuo CJ, Chen NH, Chuang LP, Lin SW, Chen YL, Yang HY, Lee TY. Alterations in Gut Microbiota and Upregulations of VPAC2 and Intestinal Tight Junctions Correlate with Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Electroacupuncture in Colitis Mice with Sleep Fragmentation. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11070962. [PMID: 36101343 PMCID: PMC9311573 DOI: 10.3390/biology11070962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Along with the modernization of society and people getting older, sleep disturbances and gut health have been identified as two key factors influencing aging, with dramatic effects on immunity and metabolism. Sleep is closely related to the gut, reflects the degree of chronic inflammation, and is associated with many degenerative diseases, hence the term “inflammaging”. This article addresses how sleep fragmentation affects the inflammatory state of the gut and elucidates the effects of restorative sleep and acupuncture on inflammatory gut remodeling and gut microbial recovery. In summary, fragmented sleep disrupted intestinal repair in mice with colitis, while electroacupuncture demonstrated likely results in alleviating colon inflammation, including maintaining colon length and daily body weight changes. In addition, the structure of the microbiota changed with decreasing gut inflammatory status. The intestinal tight junction proteins may be the key mechanism of electroacupuncture in treating sleep-fragmented ulcerative colitis mice. Electroacupuncture affects VIP through VPAC2 and further regulates intestinal mucosal immunity. This experiment demonstrates how physical stimulation stabilizes the intestinal epithelium and exerts an important anti-inflammatory effect. Abstract The relationship between inflammatory bowel disease and sleep disturbances is complicated and of increasing interest. We investigated the inflammatory and immunological consequences of EA in sleep-deprived colitis and found that dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in sleep-fragmented (SF) mice was more severe than that in mice with normal sleep. This increase in the severity of colitis was accompanied by reduced body weight, shortened colon length, and deteriorated disease activity index. DSS with SF mice presented obvious diminished intestinal tight junction proteins (claudin-1 and occludin), elevated proinflammatory cytokines (CRP, IFN-γ, IL-6), lowered melatonin and adiponectin levels, downregulated vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) type 1 and 2 receptor (VPAC1, VPAC2) expression, and decreased diversity of gut bacteria. EA ameliorated colitis severity and preserved the performance of the epithelial tight junction proteins and VIP receptors, especially VPAC2. Meanwhile, the innate lymphoid cells-derived cytokines in both group 2 (IL-4, IL5, IL-9, IL-13) and group 3 (IL-22, GM-CSF) were elevated in mice colon tissue. Furthermore, dysbiosis was confirmed in the DSS group with and without SF, and EA could maintain the species diversity. Firmicutes could be restored, such as Lachnospiraceae, and Proteobacteria become rebalanced, mainly Enterobacteriaceae, after EA intervention. On the other hand, SF plays different roles in physiological and pathological conditions. In normal mice, interrupted sleep did not affect the expression of claudin-1 and occludin. But VPAC1, VPAC2, and gut microbiota diversity, including Burkholderiaceae and Rhodococcus, were opposite to mice in an inflamed state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geng-Hao Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan; (G.-H.L.); (R.-C.W.); (N.-H.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan;
- Division of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan;
- Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333008, Taiwan; (L.-P.C.); (S.-W.L.)
| | - Xin-Cheng Zhuo
- Department of General Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110301, Taiwan;
| | - Yueh-Hsiang Huang
- Division of Chinese Internal Medicine, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei 105406, Taiwan;
| | - Hsuan-Miao Liu
- Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan;
| | - Ren-Chin Wu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan; (G.-H.L.); (R.-C.W.); (N.-H.C.)
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Jung Kuo
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan;
| | - Ning-Hung Chen
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan; (G.-H.L.); (R.-C.W.); (N.-H.C.)
- Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333008, Taiwan; (L.-P.C.); (S.-W.L.)
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
| | - Li-Pang Chuang
- Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333008, Taiwan; (L.-P.C.); (S.-W.L.)
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Wei Lin
- Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333008, Taiwan; (L.-P.C.); (S.-W.L.)
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Lung Chen
- Division of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan;
- Sleep Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333008, Taiwan; (L.-P.C.); (S.-W.L.)
| | - Huang-Yu Yang
- Department of Nephrology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333423, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan
- Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
- Correspondence: (H.-Y.Y.); (T.-Y.L.); Tel.: +886-03-328-1200 (ext. 8181) (H.-Y.Y.); +886-03-211-8800 (ext. 3537) (T.-Y.L.)
| | - Tzung-Yan Lee
- Graduate Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333323, Taiwan;
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung 204201, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (H.-Y.Y.); (T.-Y.L.); Tel.: +886-03-328-1200 (ext. 8181) (H.-Y.Y.); +886-03-211-8800 (ext. 3537) (T.-Y.L.)
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Role of Bile Acids and Nuclear Receptors in Acupuncture in Improving Crohn's Disease. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:5814048. [PMID: 35600949 PMCID: PMC9122672 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5814048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors (NRs) are ligand-dependent transcription factors that regulate the transcription of target genes. Bile acids (BAs) can be used as effector molecules to regulate physiological processes in the gut, and NRs are important receptors for bile acid signaling. Relevant studies have shown that NRs are closely related to the occurrence of Crohn's disease (CD). Although the mechanism of NRs in CD has not been clarified completely, growing evidence shows that NRs play an important role in regulating intestinal immunity, mucosal barrier, and intestinal flora. NRs can participate in the progress of CD by mediating inflammation, immunity, and autophagy. As the important parts of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy, acupuncture and moxibustion in the treatment of CD curative mechanism can get a lot of research support. At the same time, acupuncture and moxibustion can regulate the changes of related NRs. Therefore, to explore whether acupuncture can regulate BA circulation and NRs expression and then participate in the disease progression of CD, a new theoretical basis for acupuncture treatment of CD is provided.
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Yang B, He M, Chen X, Sun M, Pan T, Xu X, Zhang X, Gong Q, Zhao Y, Jin Z, Cheng Z. Acupuncture Effect Assessment in APP/PS1 Transgenic Mice: On Regulating Learning-Memory Abilities, Gut Microbiota, and Microbial Metabolites. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:1527159. [PMID: 35432583 PMCID: PMC9012623 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1527159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a brain illness that affects learning and memory capacities over time. In recent investigations, acupuncture has been shown to be an effective alternative treatment for AD. We investigated the effect of acupuncture on learning and memory abilities using a water maze in APP/PS1 transgenic mice. The amounts of Aβ and tau protein in mice's hippocampal tissue were determined using Western blot. The levels of IL-1β, IL-10, LPS and TNF-α in mice's serum were measured using ELISA. The variations of gut microbiota in mice's feces were determined using the 16SrDNA technique, and the metabolites were examined using a untargeted metabolomics methodology. The results showed that acupuncture treatment improved mice's learning and memory abilities substantially. Acupuncture therapy regulated the Aβ and tau protein concentration as well as the levels of IL-10 and LPS. Acupuncture treatment influenced the mouse microbiota and metabolites and had been linked to six biochemical pathways. This study adds to our understanding of the effect of acupuncture on AD and opens the door to further research into the alterations of intestinal bacteria in the presence of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 79, Chongshan Eastern Rd, Huanggu District, 110847 Shenyang, China
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035, Boshuo Rd, Jingyue Economic Development District, 130117 Changchun, China
| | - Min He
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035, Boshuo Rd, Jingyue Economic Development District, 130117 Changchun, China
| | - Xinhua Chen
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035, Boshuo Rd, Jingyue Economic Development District, 130117 Changchun, China
| | - Mengmeng Sun
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035, Boshuo Rd, Jingyue Economic Development District, 130117 Changchun, China
| | - Ting Pan
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035, Boshuo Rd, Jingyue Economic Development District, 130117 Changchun, China
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035, Boshuo Rd, Jingyue Economic Development District, 130117 Changchun, China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035, Boshuo Rd, Jingyue Economic Development District, 130117 Changchun, China
| | - Qing Gong
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035, Boshuo Rd, Jingyue Economic Development District, 130117 Changchun, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Northwest University, No. 229, Taibai North Road, Xi' an 710069, China
| | - Ziqi Jin
- Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, No. 1035, Boshuo Rd, Jingyue Economic Development District, 130117 Changchun, China
| | - Zedong Cheng
- Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 79, Chongshan Eastern Rd, Huanggu District, 110847 Shenyang, China
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Xin YY, Wang JX, Xu AJ. Electroacupuncture ameliorates neuroinflammation in animal models. Acupunct Med 2022; 40:474-483. [PMID: 35229660 DOI: 10.1177/09645284221076515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Neuroinflammation refers to a wide range of immune responses occurring in the brain or spinal cord. It is closely related to a variety of neurodegenerative diseases, for which it potentially represents a new direction for treatment. Electroacupuncture (EA) is one method of acupuncture treatment, which can be used as an adjuvant therapy for many diseases. This review focuses on molecular mechanisms of EA in the reduction of neuroinflammation, summarizes relevant basic research and outlines future directions for investigation. Findings: A growing body of basic research has shown that EA can ameliorate neuroinflammation centrally (in animal models of ischemic stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, Parkinson’s disease and vascular dementia) and peripherally (e.g. after a surgical insult or injection of lipopolysaccharide) and that its effects involve different molecular mechanisms, including activation of the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor signaling pathway and P2 type purinergic receptors, inhibition of nuclear factor κB, and mitigation of damage secondary to oxidative stress and NOD-like receptor protein 3 inflammasome activation. Conclusions: EA is capable of regulating multiple cell signal transduction pathways to alleviate neuroinflammation in animal models. Although the findings of animal studies are encouraging, further prospective clinical trials are needed to verify the efficacy of EA for the treatment of neuroinflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue-yang Xin
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jin-xu Wang
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ai-jun Xu
- Anesthesiology Institute, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Bao C, Wu L, Wang D, Chen L, Jin X, Shi Y, Li G, Zhang J, Zeng X, Chen J, Liu H, Wu H. Acupuncture improves the symptoms, intestinal microbiota, and inflammation of patients with mild to moderate Crohn's disease: A randomized controlled trial. EClinicalMedicine 2022; 45:101300. [PMID: 35198926 PMCID: PMC8850329 DOI: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2022.101300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The efficacy and mechanisms of acupuncture for Crohn's disease (CD) are not well understood. We investigated its effects on symptoms, intestinal microbiota, and circulating inflammatory markers in CD patients. METHODS This 48-week, randomized, sham controlled, parallel-group clinical trial was performed at a tertiary outpatient clinic in China. From April 2015 to November 2019, 66 patients (mean age 40·4, 62·1% were male, all were Han Chinese) with mild to moderate active CD and unresponsive to drug treatment were enrolled and randomly assigned equally to an acupuncture group or a sham group. The treatment group received 3 sessions of acupuncture plus moxibustion per week for 12 weeks and a follow-up of 36 weeks. Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02559037. FINDINGS At week 12, the clinical remission rate (the primary outcome) and clinical response rate of acupuncture group were significantly higher than that of sham group, with a difference of 42·4% (95% CI: 20·1%-64·0%) and 45·5% (95% CI: 24·0%-66·9%), respectively, both of which maintained at week 48. The acupuncture group had significantly lower CD activity index and C-reactive protein level at week 12, which maintained at 36-week follow-up. The CD endoscopic index of severity, histopathological score, and recurrence rate at week 48 were significantly lower in acupuncture group. The number of operational taxonomic unit of intestinal microbiota and relative abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Roseburia faecis were increased. Plasma diamine oxidase, lipopolysaccharide, and Th1/Th17 related cytokines were decreased in 12-week after acupuncture. INTERPRETATION Acupuncture was effective in inducing and maintaining remission in patients with active CD, which was associated with increased abundance of intestinal anti-inflammatory bacteria, enhanced intestinal barrier, and regulation of circulating Th1/Th17-related cytokines. FUNDING National Key Basic Research Program of China (2015CB554500 and 2009CB522900), Shanghai Rising-Star Program (19QA1408100).
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Key Words
- Acupuncture
- Alternative therapy
- CD, Crohn's disease
- CDAI, Crohn's disease activity index
- CDEIS, Crohn's disease endoscopic index of severity
- CRP, C-reactive protein
- DAO, diamine oxidase
- Gut microbes
- HCs, healthy control subjects
- HS, histopathological score
- IBD, inflammatory bowel disease
- ITT, intention to treat
- Inflammatory bowel disease
- Intestinal barrier
- LEfSe, linear discriminant analysis effect size
- LPS, lipopolysaccharides
- OTU, operational taxonomic unit
- PP, per-protocol
- SCFAs, short chain fatty acids
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Bao
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Luyi Wu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Di Wang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Liming Chen
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Xiaoming Jin
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Stark Neurosciences Research Institute, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Yin Shi
- Outpatient Department, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Guona Li
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Jingzhi Zhang
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Mental Health, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Huirong Liu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Corresponding authors at: Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
| | - Huangan Wu
- Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Immunological Effects, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Corresponding authors at: Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200437, China.
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Yao T, Su W, Han S, Lu Y, Xu Y, Chen M, Wang Y. Recent Advances in Traditional Chinese Medicine for Treatment of Podocyte Injury. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:816025. [PMID: 35281899 PMCID: PMC8914202 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.816025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Podocyte is also called glomerular epithelial cell, which has been considered as the final gatekeeper of glomerular filtration barrier (GFB). As a major contributor to proteinuria, podocyte injury underlies a variety of glomerular diseases and becomes the challenge to patients and their families in general. At present, the therapeutic methods of podocyte injury mainly include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, steroid and immunosuppressive medications. Nevertheless, the higher cost and side effects seriously disturb patients with podocyte injury. Promisingly, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has received an increasing amount of attention from different countries in the treatment of podocyte injury by invigorating spleen and kidney, clearing heat and eliminating dampness, as well enriching qi and activating blood. Therefore, we searched articles published in peer-reviewed English-language journals through Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, and Science Direct. The protective effects of active ingredients, herbs, compound prescriptions, acupuncture and moxibustion for treatment of podocyte injury were further summarized and analyzed. Meanwhile, we discussed feasible directions for future development, and analyzed existing deficiencies and shortcomings of TCM in the treatment of podocyte injury. In conclusion, this paper shows that TCM treatments can serve as promising auxiliary therapeutic methods for the treatment of podocyte injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianwen Yao
- Department of Nephrology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenxiang Su
- Department of Nephrology, The People’s Hospital of Mengzi, Mengzi, China
| | - Shisheng Han
- Department of Nephrology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Department of Nephrology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanqiu Xu
- Department of Nephrology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Nephrology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Nephrology, Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Yi Wang,
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Qi Q, Liu YN, Lv SY, Wu HG, Zhang LS, Cao Z, Liu HR, Wang XM, Wu LY. Gut microbiome alterations in colitis rats after moxibustion at bilateral Tianshu acupoints. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:62. [PMID: 35151255 PMCID: PMC8840236 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-022-02115-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) is closely related to the gut microbiota. Moxibustion has been used to improve the inflammation and gastrointestinal dysfunctions in gastrointestinal disorders such as UC. In this study, we investigated whether moxibustion could improve the gut microbial dysbiosis induced by dextran sulphate sodium.
Methods
Twenty-five male rats were randomly assigned into five groups. The UC rat model was established by administering DSS solution. The rats in the moxibustion and normal rats with moxibustion groups were treated with moxibustion at Tianshu (bilateral, ST25) points, and the mesalazine group rats were treated with mesalazine once daily for 7 consecutive days. Disease activity index (DAI) and haematoxylin and eosin staining were used to evaluate the effect of moxibustion. Gut microbiota profiling was conducted by metagenomic high throughput sequencing technology. The gut microbiota composition, diversity and function were analyzed and compared using metagenomics methodologies.
Results
The DAI scores and histopathology scores in the moxibustion and mesalazine groups were significantly decreased compared with the UC group (P < 0.01). Moxibustion treatment increased abundance levels of Bacteroidetes, Actinobacteria, Ascomycota, Synergistetes and decreased abundance of Firmicutes, Proteobacteria. At the genus level, the abundance of Bacteroides, Bacteroides_bacterium_M7, Prevotella, Bacteroidales_bacterium_H2, were increased and Bacteroides_bacterium_H3, Parabacteroides, Porphyromonas, Alistipes, Parasutterella were decreased in the UC group in comparsion with those in the NG group. Moxibustion increased the abundance of Bacteroides and Bacteroides_bacterium_H3 and decreased Bacteroides_bacterium_M7, Prevotella, Bacteroidales_bacterium_H2. In UC group, the specie Bacteroides_massiliensis was negatively (P < 0.05) correlated with IL-23, Bacteroides_eggerthii_CAG109 and Bacteroides_eggerthii were negatively (P < 0.05) correlated with TGF-β. And the species Prevotella_sp_CAG1031 and Bacteroides_bacterium_H2 were significant positively (P < 0.05) correlated with IL-23. In addition, compare with the normal group, genes involved in certain metabolic pathways, such as energy production and conversion, amino acid transport and metabolism, carbohydrate transport and metabolism, were under-represented in the UC group, and these changes in the metabolic pathways could be reversed by moxibustion treatment and mesalazine treatment.
Conclusions
Our findings suggest that moxibustion treatment may protect the host from mucosal inflammation by modulating the intestinal microbiota community.
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Yang NN, Tan CX, Lin LL, Su XT, Li YJ, Qi LY, Wang Y, Yang JW, Liu CZ. Potential Mechanisms of Acupuncture for Functional Dyspepsia Based on Pathophysiology. Front Neurosci 2022; 15:781215. [PMID: 35145373 PMCID: PMC8822151 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.781215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional dyspepsia (FD), a common disorder of gastrointestinal function, originated from the gastroduodenum. Although the therapeutic effect of acupuncture has been investigated by various high-quality randomized controlled trials, the potential mechanisms showed obvious heterogeneity. This review summarized the potential mechanisms of acupuncture on FD in order to guide for future laboratory and clinical studies. Here, we argued that the primary cause of FD was gastroduodenal low-grade inflammation and acid exposure, which impaired mucosal integrity, caused brain-gut axis dysfunction, and impaired brain network connectivity, all of which generated various symptom patterns. Overall the clinical studies indicated that acupuncture was a promising treatment to alleviate symptoms in FD patients, whose efficacy was influenced by acupoints and individual variance. Mechanistically, studies with animal models of FD and patients have shown that acupuncture, a non-invasive strategy for nerve stimulation, may have the potential to control intestinal inflammation and suppress acid-secretion via different somatic autonomic reflex pathways, regulate the brain-gut axis through intestinal microbiota, and has the potential to ameliorate FD-symptoms. The cumulative evidence demonstrated that acupuncture is a promising treatment to alleviate symptoms of FD patients.
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Genome-Wide Regulation of Acupuncture and Moxibustion on Ulcerative Colitis Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:9945121. [PMID: 34659440 PMCID: PMC8519700 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9945121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Acupuncture and moxibustion have definite clinical effects on treating ulcerative colitis (UC), but their mechanism is still unclear. To investigate the molecular mechanisms, we applied herb-partitioned moxibustion or electroacupuncture at the Tianshu (ST25) points on UC rats and used RNA sequencing to identify molecular consequences. Male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were divided into 6 groups randomly: the normal control (NC) group, the control + herb-partitioned moxibustion (NCHM) group, the control + electroacupuncture (NCEA) group, the model (UC) group, the model + herb-partitioned moxibustion (UCHM) group, and the model + electroacupuncture (UCEA) group. Compared to the UC group, HE staining in the UCHM group and UCEA group indicated that colitis was relieved, the histopathological score and MPO were both significantly reduced, and the serum hs-CRP concentration was decreased significantly. The results of RNA-seq suggested that, compared to the NC group, 206 upregulated genes and 167 downregulated genes were identified in colon tissues from the UC group; compared to the UC group, the expression levels of some genes were both affected in the UCHM group and the UCEA group (684 differentially expressed genes were identified in the UCHM group, and 1182 differentially expressed genes were identified in the UCEA group). KEGG signal pathway analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes in the UCHM group were associated with the JAK-STAT signaling pathway and cell adhesion molecule (CAM); the differentially expressed genes in the UCEA group were associated with the NF-κB signaling pathway, the toll-like receptor signaling pathways, the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway, the MAPK signaling pathway, and the Wnt signaling pathway. This is the first study to reveal the gene expression characteristics of the anti-inflammatory effect of UC rats from the perspective of acupuncture and moxibustion control, which provide a clue for further investigation into the molecular mechanisms of UC treatment by acupuncture and moxibustion.
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Manual Acupuncture at ST37 Modulates TRPV1 in Rats with Acute Visceral Hyperalgesia via Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Pathway. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2021; 2021:5561999. [PMID: 34646326 PMCID: PMC8505093 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5561999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acupuncture can significantly ameliorate inflammatory pain in acute visceral hyperalgesia. Hyperalgesia is attenuated by inflammatory mediators that activate transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), and TRPV1 is regulated by nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway. However, it is unknown whether NGF-induced PI3K/Akt pathway is associated with manual acupuncture (MA). In this study, the effect and mechanism of MA at Shangjuxu (ST37) and Quchi (LI11) were examined using an acetic acid-induced rat model with visceral hyperalgesia. We demonstrated that MA at ST37 significantly decreased abdominal withdrawal reflex (AWR) scores, proinflammatory cytokine expression (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6), and TRPV1 protein and mRNA expression in rats with acute visceral hyperalgesia compared with the untreated controls, while MA at LI11 showed no effect. The effects of MA at ST37 were reversed after treatment with the PI3K agonist IGF-1 30 min before MA. In rats with visceral hyperalgesia, the upregulation of NGF, tropomyosin-receptor-kinase A (TrkA), PI3K, and phosphorylation-Akt (p-Akt) was decreased by MA at ST37, indicating that TRPV1 regulation via the NGF-induced PI3K/Akt pathway plays a vital role in the effects of MA-mediated amelioration of acute visceral hyperalgesia.
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Sun N, Zhou YF, Zhou J, Zuo WW, Ye XY, Deng XD, Li ZJ, Cheng SR, Qu YZ, Zhou J, Sun RR, Liang FR. The cerebral mechanism underlying the acupoints with specific effect for gallbladder stone disease: protocol for a randomized controlled task-fMRI trial. Trials 2021; 22:399. [PMID: 34127059 PMCID: PMC8204415 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-021-05356-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As it has been recorded in ancient Chinese classics, Yanglingquan (GB34) and Dannangxue (EX-LE6) are two important acupoints that can regulate the function of the gallbladder. Acupuncture at these two acupoints is considered particularly effective for gallbladder disease treatment, especially for alleviating gallbladder stone disease (GSD) symptoms that can be aggravated after intaking high-fat food. However, the superior effect between the two acupoints still needs to be further explored, as well as the underlying central mechanism has never been investigated to date. METHODS AND DESIGN Ninety participants diagnosed with GSD will be randomly divided into group A (acupuncture at GB34), group B (acupuncture at EX-LE6), and group C (acupuncture at non-acupoint) in a ratio of 1:1:1. All of them will receive a 30-min acupuncture treatment with fatty-food cues being presented before and after acupuncture. During the task, participants will be scanned by MRI and required to rate their desire for high-/low-fat food with an 11-point Likert scale. Additionally, the participants' pain/discomfort sensation will be evaluated using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) at four timepoints, including before the 1st task fMRI scan, before and after acupuncture, and after the 2nd task fMRI scan. For both behavior and fMRI data, the ANOVA analysis will be conducted among three groups to testify the immediate effect of GB34 and EX-LE6. The post hoc t-test will be employed to further explore the superiority between acupuncture with GB34 and EX-LE6. Furthermore, correlation analyses will be conducted to investigate a possible correlation between neural changes and clinical data. DISCUSSION In comparison to the non-acupoint, the results will firstly explore the superior effect between acupuncture with GB34 and EX-LE6 on GSD patients by observing their behavioral and neural response change to fatty-food cue, and then to investigate the underlying central mechanism. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2000034368 . Registered on 3 July 2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Sun
- Acupuncture and Tuina School/The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Sichuan province, 37 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan-Fang Zhou
- Acupuncture and Tuina School/The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Sichuan province, 37 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Zhou
- The Third Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen-Wei Zuo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610073, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiang-Yin Ye
- Acupuncture and Tuina School/The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Sichuan province, 37 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Dong Deng
- Acupuncture and Tuina School/The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Sichuan province, 37 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng-Jie Li
- Acupuncture and Tuina School/The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Sichuan province, 37 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Shi-Rui Cheng
- Acupuncture and Tuina School/The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Sichuan province, 37 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu-Zhu Qu
- Acupuncture and Tuina School/The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Sichuan province, 37 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Acupuncture and Tuina School/The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Sichuan province, 37 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui-Rui Sun
- Acupuncture and Tuina School/The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Sichuan province, 37 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China.
| | - Fan-Rong Liang
- Acupuncture and Tuina School/The 3rd Teaching Hospital, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Clinical Research Center for Acupuncture and Moxibustion in Sichuan province, 37 Shierqiao Road, Chengdu, 610075, Sichuan, China.
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Wang H, Zhao K, Shi N, Niu Q, Liu C, Chen Y. Electroacupuncture Regularizes Gastric Contraction and Reduces Apoptosis of Interstitial Cells of Cajal in Diabetic Rats. Front Physiol 2021; 12:560738. [PMID: 33867995 PMCID: PMC8047410 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.560738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Gastric dysmotility is a frequent complication among patients with diabetes mellitus. Electroacupuncture (EA) has been empirically used to relieve gastrointestinal symptoms. The aims of this study were to investigate the effects of EA on gastric contraction and the mechanisms of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) involved. Materials and Methods Male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomized into the normal control, diabetes (DM), diabetic and sham EA (DM + SEA), diabetic and low-frequency EA (DM + LEA), and diabetic and high-frequency EA (DM + HEA) groups. Diabetic models were established and then treated with EA for 8 weeks. Body weight and blood glucose were recorded every 2 weeks. The spontaneous contractions of distal gastric strips were analyzed. Immunostaining and RT-PCR were used to test the apoptotic ICC, IGF-1/IGF-1R, and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. Results The body weight in the DM + LEA and DM + HEA groups were increased compared with that of the DM group, though there was no effect on the blood glucose. The gastric contractions were obviously disordered in the DM group, but EA could regularize the contractions. The number of apoptotic ICC was dramatically increased in the DM group, but reduced with EA treatment. Meanwhile, the IGF-1/IGF-1R pathway was verified to be significantly altered in diabetic rats. The Nrf2/HO-1 pathway was not significantly increased in the DM group. EA with different frequencies efficiently improved the expression of IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling and activated the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway. Conclusion EA could improve gastric motility dysfunction and attenuate ICC apoptosis possibly through the regulation of IGF-1/IGF-1R and Nrf2/HO-1 pathways. EA may be a potential therapeutic method for diabetic gastric motility dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongcai Wang
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Kaile Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Ning Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Qiong Niu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Chengxia Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, China
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Lv ZY, Yang YQ, Yin LM. Role of Purinergic Signaling in Acupuncture Therapeutics. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2021; 49:645-659. [PMID: 33641652 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acupuncture is a therapeutic treatment that is well recognized in many countries. However, the initiation mechanisms of acupuncture are not well understood. Purinergic signaling has been considered a key signaling pathway in acupuncture in recent years. Acupuncture-induced ATP is mainly produced by mast cells and fibroblasts, and ATP is gradually hydrolyzed into adenosine. ATP and adenosine further participate in the process of acupuncture information transmission to the nervous and immune systems through specific purine receptors. Acupuncture initiates analgesia via the down-regulation of the expression of P2 receptors or up-regulation of the expression of adenosine A1 receptors on nerve fibers. ATP also promotes the proliferation of immune cells through P2 receptors and A3 receptors, causing inflammation. In contrast, adenosine activates A2 receptors, promotes the production and infiltration of immunosuppressive cells, and causes an anti-inflammatory response. In summary, we described the role of purinergic signaling as a general signaling pathway in the initiation of acupuncture and the influence of purinergic signaling on the neuroimmune network to lay the foundation for future systematic research on the mechanisms of acupuncture therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ying Lv
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Qing Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
| | - Lei-Miao Yin
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Shanghai Research Institute of Acupuncture and Meridian, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China.,Shanghai Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Health Service, Shanghai 201203, P. R. China
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Wu H, Chen QY, Wang WZ, Chu S, Liu XX, Liu YJ, Tan C, Zhu F, Deng SJ, Dong YL, Yu T, Gao F, He HX, Leng XY, Fan H. Compound sophorae decoction enhances intestinal barrier function of dextran sodium sulfate induced colitis via regulating notch signaling pathway in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 133:110937. [PMID: 33217689 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compound sophorae decoction (CSD), a Chinese Herbal decoction, is frequently clinically prescribed for patients suffered from ulcerative colitis (UC) characterized by bloody diarrhea. Yet, the underlying mechanism about how this formulae works is remain elusive. METHODS In the present study, the experimental colitis in C57BL/6 J mice was induced by oral administration of standard diets containing 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and CSD was given orally for treatment at the same time. The clinical symptoms including stool and body weight were recorded each day, and colon length and its histopathological changes were observed. Apoptosis of colonic epithelium was studied by detecting protein expression of cleaved caspase-3, and cell proliferation by Ki-67 immunohistochemistry. Tight junction complex like ZO-1 and occludin were also determined by transmission electron microscope and immunofluorescence. The concentration of FITC-dextran 4000 was measured to evaluate intestinal barrier permeability and possible signaling pathway was investigated. Mucin2 (MUC2) and notch pathway were tested through western blot. The M1/M2 ratio in spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes were detected by flow cytometry. And the mRNA levels of iNOS and Arg1 were examined by qRT-PCR. RESULTS CSD could significantly alleviate the clinical manifestations and pathological damage. Body weight loss and DAI score of mice with colitis were improved and shortening of colon was inhibited. The administration of CSD was able to reduce apoptotic epithelial cells and facilitate epithelial cell regeneration. Increased intestinal permeability was reduced in DSS-induced colitis mice. In addition, CSD treatment obviously up-regulated the expression of ZO-1 and occludin and the secretion of MUC2, regulated notch signaling, and decreased the ratio of M1/M2. CONCLUSIONS These data together suggest that CSD can effectively mitigate intestinal inflammation, promote phenotypic change in macrophage phenotype and enhance colonic mucosal barrier function by, at least in part, regulating notch signaling in mice affected by DSS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Qian-Yun Chen
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wen-Zhu Wang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Si Chu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xing-Xing Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yu-Jin Liu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chen Tan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Shuang-Jiao Deng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ya-Lan Dong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Fei Gao
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Hong-Xia He
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xue-Yuan Leng
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Heng Fan
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Lu J, Zhou J, Wang L, Zhong C, Chen X, Jia B. Efficacy and safety evaluation of acupoint embedding for patients with ulcerative colitis: A protocol of systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e21812. [PMID: 32846819 PMCID: PMC7447384 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000021812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative colitis is a recurring digestive disease characterized by inflammation in the intestinal tract, which seriously affects the life of the patient. In recent years, it has played a role in obesity, osteoporosis, and gastrointestinal disorders, and has received more and more attention. However, there are no clear conclusions about its effectiveness and safety in the treatment of UC. METHOD AND ANALYSIS This systematic review will collect 7 databases, including Web of science, Pubmed, Embase, VIP, Wanfang, CNKI, and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), to collect all eligible RCTs from database inception to December 31, 2019. The 2 researchers will rigorously follow the selection process, including study screening, data extraction, and quality assessment. The primary outcome is clinical effectiveness. The main software used in this study is Review Manager V5.3 software. RESULT This study will provide a meaningful and comprehensive evaluation on the effectiveness and safety of acupoints embedding for UC. CONCLUSION This meta-analysis was designed to provide clinicians with valid evidence regarding acupoint embedding for UC. INPLASY REGISTRATION NUMBER INPLASY202040166.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Zhou
- School of Acupuncture–Moxibustion and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lu Wang
- School of Acupuncture–Moxibustion and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Xu Chen
- School of Basic medical science
| | - Bo Jia
- School of Basic medical science
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Tang Y, Tan ZJ. Influence of traditional Chinese medicine on intestinal microecology. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2020; 28:719-724. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v28.i15.719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) therapy (TCM therapy, acupuncture therapy, massage therapy, etc.) has been widely used in clinical practice with significant curative effects. Numerous studies show that the prevention, occurrence, and treatment of many diseases are related to intestinal microecology, and more and more studies on the relationship between TCM and intestinal microecology are being conducted. The basic theory of TCM is consistent with many theories and viewpoints of microecology. Based on their basic theories, we review the relationship between traditional Chinese medicine treatment and intestinal microecology in this paper by exploring the mechanism of using TCM to treat clinical diseases from the perspective of intestinal microecology and discussing the influence of TCM treatment methods on intestinal microecology, with an aim to promote the modernization and wider application of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Tang
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
| | - Zhou-Jin Tan
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, China
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Cheng J, Shen H, Chowdhury R, Abdi T, Selaru F, Chen JDZ. Potential of Electrical Neuromodulation for Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2020; 26:1119-1130. [PMID: 31782957 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izz289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the digestive tract that is often debilitating. It affects patients' quality of life and imposes a financial burden. Despite advances in treatment with medications such as biologics, a large proportion of patients do not respond to medical therapy or develop adverse events. Therefore, alternative treatment options such as electrical neuromodulation are currently being investigated. Electrical neuromodulation, also called bioelectronic medicine, is emerging as a potential new treatment for IBD. Over the past decade, advancements have been made in electrical neuromodulation. A number of electrical neuromodulation methods, such as vagus nerve stimulation, sacral nerve stimulation, and tibial nerve stimulation, have been tested to treat IBD. A series of animal and clinical trials have been performed to evaluate efficacy with promising results. Although the exact underlying mechanisms of action for electrical neuromodulation remain to be explored, this modality is promising. Further randomized controlled trials and basic experiments are needed to investigate efficacy and clarify intrinsic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiafei Cheng
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Division of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Shen
- Division of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Reezwana Chowdhury
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Tsion Abdi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Florin Selaru
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jiande D Z Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Crosstalk between Acupuncture and NF- κB in Inflammatory Diseases. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:7924985. [PMID: 32595736 PMCID: PMC7301242 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7924985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Acupuncture has been used in China for thousands of years and concerned as a typical alternative medicine in inflammatory diseases nowadays. The nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) transcription factor is an important regulator of inflammation. In this article, we discuss the role of acupuncture in NF-κB pathways and also present the acupoints selection, acupuncture administration, and related inflammation diseases and models from previous studies to bring readers close to a more complete understanding of the mechanisms between acupuncture and NF-κB in inflammatory diseases.
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50
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Effect of Electroacupuncture in Mice with Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis and the Influence of Gut Microbiota. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:2087903. [PMID: 32419794 PMCID: PMC7204379 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2087903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background The relationship between inflammatory bowel disease and gut microbiota is inextricable. Electroacupuncture (EA) can alleviate acute experimental colitis, but the performance of intestinal microorganisms and the mechanism are still not fully understood. We investigated the relationship between the EA and gut microbes and clarified the role of tight junction and adiponectin in the anti-inflammatory effect of EA. Methods Male C57BL/6 mice were randomized into three groups: normal control, dextran sulfate sodium- (DSS-) induced ulcerative colitis (DSS), and DSS with EA ST36 (DSS + EA). Mice body weight, DAI score, colon length, and histological score were evaluated for colitis severity. Colonic inflammation and tight junctions were demonstrated by the immunohistochemical (IHC) method. Systemic responses were confirmed by plasma cytokines and adiponectin with multiplex immunoassays. Gut microbiome profiling was conducted by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results EA had benefit in relieving both macroscopic and microscopic colonic inflammation. It can reduce disease activity, maintain colon length, and ameliorate histological inflammatory reaction. In IHC stain, EA decreased CD11b, F4/80, TLR4, and MyD88 and preserved claudin-1 and ZO-1 expression. Compared with the control group, the DSS group showed elevated levels of CRP, IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-6, but decreased adiponectin. These changes were reversed by EA, accompanied by modulation of the overall structure of gut microbiota. Conclusion Our findings suggest that EA exerts its therapeutic effect by TLR4 signaling via the MyD88-dependent pathway. EA could increase adiponectin, maintain mucosal tight junctions, and modulate gut microbiota.
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