1
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Amirkafi A, Mohammadi F, Tehrani-Banihashemi A, Moradi-Lakeh M, Murray CJL, Naghavi M, Mokdad AH. Drug-use disorders in the Eastern Mediterranean Region: a glance at GBD 2019 findings. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024; 59:1113-1127. [PMID: 37999752 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-023-02587-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to investigate drug use disorders which are a major cause of Disability Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR). METHODS This article is a part of the global burden of diseases (GBD), injuries, and risk factors 2019 study. The GBD modeling approach was used to estimate population-level prevalence of drug use disorders. We combined these estimates with disability weights to calculate years of life lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 1990-2019. RESULTS It is estimated that in 2019 in EMR around 3.4 million people have drug use disorder which has increased by 137% compared to 1990. Also, in 2019, DALY number for drug use disorders was 1217.9 (95% UI: 940.4, 1528.9) thousand years and 7645 (95% UI: 6793.7, 8567.9) deaths occurred. The DALY rate increased 39.6% in the region since1990, whereas the global rate increased by 24.4%. United Arab Emirates, Libya, and Iran were most affected by drug use disorders with the highest rates of age-standardized DALY in EMR in 2019. The most prevalent drug use disorder in the region is opioid use which is accountable for 80% of all drug use disorders DALYs. CONCLUSION Despite many interventions, drug use disorders are still responsible for high rates of DALY in the region which has increased since 1990 in both males and females; more comprehensive policies, better control measures and proper education could reduce the adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Amirkafi
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faezeh Mohammadi
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Occupational Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Tehrani-Banihashemi
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maziar Moradi-Lakeh
- Preventive Medicine and Public Health Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Christopher J L Murray
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Mohsen Naghavi
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ali H Mokdad
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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2
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Naghibzadeh-Tahami A, Karamoozian A, Iranpour A, Mirshekarpour H, Zahedi MJ, Enhesari A, Haghdoost AA. Is opium use related to the increased risk of oral cavity cancers? A case-control study in Iran. Cancer Epidemiol 2024; 91:102602. [PMID: 38917615 DOI: 10.1016/j.canep.2024.102602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cavity cancers (OCCs) are the sixth most prevalent cancers in the world. There are strong evidences showing the risk of the cigarette smoking, alcohol use, poor oral hygiene and some types of diets in OCCs; however, few studies explored the relationship between opium and its derivatives (O&D) use and OCCs incidence. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between consumption of O&D and the incidence of OCCs. METHODS In a case-control; 133 patients with OCCs and 266 healthy controls matched by age, sex, and place of residence were included. Data, including cigarette smoking, O&D, alcohol and others tobacco (Nass, pipe and hookah) use and diet, were collected using a structured questionnaire. The relation between the use of O&D and OCCs was evaluated using conditional logistic regression. RESULTS Opium ever-use was associated with an increased risk of OCCs (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) =2.36, 95 % CI: 1.16-4.78). A dose-response relation was observed between the amount of daily O&D use and OCCs; and the relation was stronger in high users (AOR for low users = 1.38, 95 %CI: 0.58-3.24 and AOR for high users = 4.85, 95 % CI:1.79-13.11). Those who used opium for more than 18 years were highly at risk of OCCs (AOR= 5.04, 95 % CI, 2.00-12.68). Also, OCCs was higher among subjects starting the use of O&D at younger ages (≤ 50 years old vs never users AOR = 3.32, 95 % CI: 1.19-9.23). The smoking method of consuming O&D increased the odds of getting OCCs more than twice (AOR= 2.02, 95 % CI, 1.03-3.94), and using both smoking and oral consumption simultaneously, increased the odds of getting OCCs more than 8 times (AOR= 8.57, 95 % CI, 1.68-43.70). Also, the use of other tobacco products (Nass, pipe and hookah) increases the odds of getting OCCs by 4 times (AOR= 3.90, 95 % CI, 1.12-13.57) CONCLUSIONS: The results showed that opium use is probably a dose related risk factor for oral cavity cancers. Therefore, it is necessary to implement preventive policies to control the use of opioids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Naghibzadeh-Tahami
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Karamoozian
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Abedin Iranpour
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hosein Mirshekarpour
- Clinical Research Unit, Shafa Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohamad Javad Zahedi
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ahmad Enhesari
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali-Akbar Haghdoost
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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3
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Rosser CJ. Assessing the Causal Relationship between Waterpipe Smoking and Bladder Cancer. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2024; 33:461-462. [PMID: 38566557 DOI: 10.1158/1055-9965.epi-24-0051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Rates of waterpipe use increase with very little data reporting any potential health consequences. The current study, a large case-control study, of 4,194 patients from Iran denotes an elevated risk of bladder cancer in exclusive waterpipe smokers compared with non-users. Additional studies are needed to further understand the risk waterpipe smoking has on bladder cancer. See related article by Hadji et al., p. 509.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles J Rosser
- Department of Urology, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California
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4
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Perdomo S, Abedi-Ardekani B, de Carvalho AC, Ferreiro-Iglesias A, Gaborieau V, Cattiaux T, Renard H, Chopard P, Carreira C, Spanu A, Nikmanesh A, Cardoso Penha RC, Antwi SO, Ashton-Prolla P, Canova C, Chitapanarux T, Cox R, Curado MP, de Oliveira JC, Dzamalala C, Fabianova E, Ferri L, Fitzgerald R, Foretova L, Gallinger S, Goldstein AM, Holcatova I, Huertas A, Janout V, Jarmalaite S, Kaneva R, Kowalski LP, Kulis T, Lagiou P, Lissowska J, Malekzadeh R, Mates D, McCorrmack V, Menya D, Mhatre S, Mmbaga BT, de Moricz A, Nyirády P, Ognjanovic M, Papadopoulou K, Polesel J, Purdue MP, Rascu S, Rebolho Batista LM, Reis RM, Ribeiro Pinto LF, Rodríguez-Urrego PA, Sangkhathat S, Sangrajrang S, Shibata T, Stakhovsky E, Świątkowska B, Vaccaro C, Vasconcelos de Podesta JR, Vasudev NS, Vilensky M, Yeung J, Zaridze D, Zendehdel K, Scelo G, Chanudet E, Wang J, Fitzgerald S, Latimer C, Moody S, Humphreys L, Alexandrov LB, Stratton MR, Brennan P. The Mutographs biorepository: A unique genomic resource to study cancer around the world. CELL GENOMICS 2024; 4:100500. [PMID: 38325367 PMCID: PMC10943582 DOI: 10.1016/j.xgen.2024.100500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Large-scale biorepositories and databases are essential to generate equitable, effective, and sustainable advances in cancer prevention, early detection, cancer therapy, cancer care, and surveillance. The Mutographs project has created a large genomic dataset and biorepository of over 7,800 cancer cases from 30 countries across five continents with extensive demographic, lifestyle, environmental, and clinical information. Whole-genome sequencing is being finalized for over 4,000 cases, with the primary goal of understanding the causes of cancer at eight anatomic sites. Genomic, exposure, and clinical data will be publicly available through the International Cancer Genome Consortium Accelerating Research in Genomic Oncology platform. The Mutographs sample and metadata biorepository constitutes a legacy resource for new projects and collaborations aiming to increase our current research efforts in cancer genomic epidemiology globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Perdomo
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Behnoush Abedi-Ardekani
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Ana Carolina de Carvalho
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Aida Ferreiro-Iglesias
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Valérie Gaborieau
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Thomas Cattiaux
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Hélène Renard
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Priscilia Chopard
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Christine Carreira
- Evidence Synthesis and Classification Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Andreea Spanu
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Arash Nikmanesh
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | | | - Samuel O Antwi
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Patricia Ashton-Prolla
- Experimental Research Center, Genomic Medicine Laboratory, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Post-Graduate Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Cristina Canova
- Unit of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Cardio-Thoraco-Vascular Sciences and Public Health, University of Padua, Padova, Italy
| | - Taned Chitapanarux
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Riley Cox
- Ontario Tumour Bank, Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Maria Paula Curado
- Department of Epidemiology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Lorenzo Ferri
- Departments of Surgery and Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Lenka Foretova
- Department of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Steven Gallinger
- Mount Sinai Hospital; Ontario Institute for Cancer Research (OICR), Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Alisa M Goldstein
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Ivana Holcatova
- Institute of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Oncology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Vladimir Janout
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Sonata Jarmalaite
- Laboratory of Genetic Diagnostic, National Cancer Institute, Vilnius, Lithuania; Department of Botany and Genetics, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Radka Kaneva
- Molecular Medicine Center, Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Epidemiology, A.C. Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo, Brazil; University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Tomislav Kulis
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Center Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia; University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Pagona Lagiou
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Jolanta Lissowska
- The Maria Sklodowska-Cure National Research Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Disease Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Dana Mates
- Occupational Health and Toxicology, National Center for Environmental Risk Monitoring, National Institute of Public Health, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Valerie McCorrmack
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Diana Menya
- Moi University, School of Public Health, Eldoret, Kenya
| | - Sharayu Mhatre
- Division of Molecular Epidemiology and Population Genomics, Centre for Cancer Epidemiology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India
| | | | - André de Moricz
- Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre & Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College, Moshi, Tanzania
| | | | - Miodrag Ognjanovic
- IOCPR- International Organization for Cancer Prevention and Research, Serbia, Belgrade
| | | | - Jerry Polesel
- Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO) IRCCS, Aviano, Italy
| | - Mark P Purdue
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Stefan Rascu
- Urology Department, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy - "Prof. Dr. Th. Burghele" Clinical Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | - Rui Manuel Reis
- Molecular Oncology Research Center, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, Brazil; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, Minho University, Braga, Portugal
| | | | | | - Surasak Sangkhathat
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat Yai, Thailand
| | | | - Tatsuhiro Shibata
- Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Minato-ku, Japan; Division of Cancer Genomics, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Chuo-ku, Japan
| | | | - Beata Świątkowska
- Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Nofer Institute of Occupational Medicine, Łódź, Poland
| | - Carlos Vaccaro
- Instituto Medicina Traslacional e Ingenieria Biomedica - CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Naveen S Vasudev
- Leeds Institute of Medical Research at St James's, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Marta Vilensky
- Instituto de Oncología Angel Roffo, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - David Zaridze
- Clinical Epidemiology, N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Centre of Oncology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kazem Zendehdel
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ghislaine Scelo
- Observational & Pragmatic Research Institute Pte., Ltd., Singapore, Singapore
| | - Estelle Chanudet
- Department of Pathology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jingwei Wang
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen Fitzgerald
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Calli Latimer
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Sarah Moody
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Laura Humphreys
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ludmil B Alexandrov
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Michael R Stratton
- Cancer, Ageing and Somatic Mutation, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paul Brennan
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), Lyon, France.
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5
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Hosseini B, Zendehdel K, Bouaoun L, Hall AL, Rashidian H, Hadji M, Gholipour M, Haghdoost AA, Schüz J, Olsson A. Bladder cancer risk in relation to occupations held in a nationwide case-control study in Iran. Int J Cancer 2023; 153:765-774. [PMID: 37158123 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Globally, bladder cancer has been identified as one of the most frequent occupational cancers, but our understanding of occupational bladder cancer risk in Iran is less advanced. This study aimed to assess the risk of bladder cancer in relation to occupation in Iran. We used the IROPICAN case-control study data including 717 incident cases and 3477 controls. We assessed the risk of bladder cancer in relation to ever working in major groups of the International Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-68) while controlling for cigarette smoking, opium consumption. Logistic regression models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). In men, decreased ORs for bladder cancer were observed in administrative and managerial workers (OR 0.4; CI: 0.2, 0.9), and clerks (OR 0.6; CI: 0.4, 0.9). Elevated ORs were observed in metal processors (OR 5.4; CI: 1.3, 23.4), and workers in occupations with likely exposure to aromatic amines (OR 2.2; CI: 1.2, 4.0). There was no evidence of interactions between working in aromatic amines-exposed occupations and tobacco smoking or opium use. Elevated risk of bladder cancer in men in metal processors and workers likely exposed to aromatic amines aligns with associations observed outside Iran. Other previously confirmed associations between high-risk occupations and bladder cancer were not observed, possibly due to small numbers or lack of details on exposure. Future epidemiological studies in Iran would benefit from the development of exposure assessment tools such as job exposure matrices, generally applicable for retrospective exposure assessment in epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bayan Hosseini
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
- Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Zendehdel
- Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cancer Biology Research Centre, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Liacine Bouaoun
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Amy L Hall
- Research Directorate, Veterans Affairs Canada, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada
| | - Hamideh Rashidian
- Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Hadji
- Cancer Research Centre, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Health Sciences Unit, Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Mahin Gholipour
- Metabolic Disorders Research Centre, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Haghdoost
- Social Determinants of Health Research Centre, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Regional Knowledge HUB for HIV/AIDS Surveillance, Research Centre for Modelling in Health, Institute for Future Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Joachim Schüz
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
| | - Ann Olsson
- Environment and Lifestyle Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer, World Health Organization, Lyon, France
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6
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M Filho A, Turner MC, Warnakulasuriya S, Richardson DB, Hosseini B, Kamangar F, Pourshams A, Sewram V, Cronin-Fenton D, Etemadi A, Glass DC, Rahimi-Movaghar A, Sheikh M, Malekzadeh R, Schubauer-Berigan MK. The carcinogenicity of opium consumption: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Epidemiol 2023; 38:373-389. [PMID: 36773182 PMCID: PMC10082119 DOI: 10.1007/s10654-023-00969-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
The carcinogenicity of opium consumption was recently evaluated by a Working Group convened by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). We supplement the recent IARC evaluation by conducting an extended systematic review as well as a quantitative meta-analytic assessment of the role of opium consumption and risk for selected cancers, evaluating in detail various aspects of study quality on meta-analytic findings. We searched the published literature to identify all relevant studies on opium consumption and risk of selected cancers in humans through 31 October, 2022. Meta-relative risks (mRRs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using random-effects models for studies of cancer of the urinary bladder, larynx, lung, oesophagus, pancreas, and stomach. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the I2 statistic. We assessed study quality and conducted sensitivity analyses to evaluate the impact of potential reverse causation, protopathic bias, selection bias, information bias, and confounding. In total, 2 prospective cohort studies and 33 case-control studies were included. The overall pooled mRR estimated for 'ever or regular' versus 'never' use of opium ranged from 1.50 (95% CI 1.13-1.99, I2 = 0%, 6 studies) for oesophageal cancer to 7.97 (95% CI 4.79-13.3, I2 = 62%, 7 studies) for laryngeal cancer. Analyses of cumulative opium exposure suggested greater risk of cancer associated with higher opium consumption. Findings were robust in sensitivity analyses excluding studies prone to potential methodological sources of biases and confounding. Findings support an adverse association between opium consumption and cancers of the urinary bladder, larynx, lung, oesophagus, pancreas and stomach.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle C Turner
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología Y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - David B Richardson
- International Agency for Research On Cancer, Lyon, France
- University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Bayan Hosseini
- International Agency for Research On Cancer, Lyon, France
| | | | - Akram Pourshams
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vikash Sewram
- Department of Global Health, African Cancer Institute, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Deirdre Cronin-Fenton
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Arash Etemadi
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Maryland, USA
| | - Deborah C Glass
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Afarin Rahimi-Movaghar
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Sheikh
- International Agency for Research On Cancer, Lyon, France
| | - Reza Malekzadeh
- Digestive Oncology Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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7
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DHCR7 promotes tumorigenesis via activating PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway in bladder cancer. Cell Signal 2023; 102:110553. [PMID: 36473621 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BCa) is a common malignancy with uncertain molecular mechanism. 7-dehydrocholesterol reductase (DHCR7), the enzyme of mammalian sterol biosynthesis, plays important roles in several types of cancers but its specific function in BCa is still unknown. The current study aimed to determine the bioinformatic characteristics and biological functions of DHCR7 in BCa. Sequencing results and clinical data from online public databases, human BCa tissues and matched noncancerous tissues, xenograft nude mice, DHCR7 deficiency and overexpression BCa cell (T24 and EJ) models were used. Several bioinformatics analyses were made, qRT-PCR, Western-blotting, flow cytometry, immunohistochemistry (IHC), MTT assay, wound healing and cell invasion assays were performed. It was found that DHCR7 was upregulated in BCa as an independent risk factor, and the expression of DHCR7 was associated with BCa grade and stage, finally resulted in poor prognosis. We further demonstrated that DHCR7 overexpression could accelerate the G0/G1 phase to accelerate the growth of tumor cells, antagonize cell apoptosis, and enhance the invasion and migration capacity, as well as EMT process via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway, which could be completely reversed by DHCR7 knockdown. Finally, DHCR7 deficiency significantly decreased tumorigenesis in vivo. Our novel data demonstrated that DHCR7 could modulate BCa tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling pathway. It is suggested that DHCR7 might become a molecular target for the diagnosis and treatment of BCa.
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8
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Marzban M, Mohebbi E, Haghdoost A, Aryaie M, Zahedi MJ, Khazaei Z, Gholizade M, Naghibzadeh-Tahami A. Opium Use and the Risk of Liver Cancer: A Case-Control Study. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2023; 16:29-35. [PMID: 36149933 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-22-0158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Limited evidence is available to acknowledge the association between opium use and liver cancer. In a case-control study, we recruited 117 cases of primary liver cancer (PLC) and 234 age and sex-matched neighborhood controls from 2016 to 2018. We calculated odds ratios (OR) for opium use and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), using conditional logistic regressions. Compared with non-users the adjusted OR (AOR, 95% CI) for opium use was 6.5 (95% CI, 2.87-13.44). Compared with people who had no history of use, a strong dose-response effect of opium use was observed by amount of use (AOR, 10.70; 95% CI, 3.92-28.70). Cumulative use of opium also indicated that using over 30 gr-year could increase the PLC risk dramatically (AOR, 11.0; 95% CI, 3.83-31.58). Those who used opium for more than 21 years were highly at risk of PLC (AOR, 11.66; 95% CI, 4.43-30.67). The observed associations were significant even among never tobacco smokers (including cigarette and water-pipe smoking). PREVENTION RELEVANCE The results of this study indicate that opium use dramatically increased the risk of liver cancer. Because opioids are increasing for medical and non-medical use globally; accordingly, severe health consequences such as liver cancer have to be investigated widely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Marzban
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Bushehr University of Medical Science, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Elham Mohebbi
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - AliAkbar Haghdoost
- Modeling in Health Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Aryaie
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javad Zahedi
- Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Zaher Khazaei
- Nahavand School of Allied Medical Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohamad Gholizade
- Student Research Committee, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Ahmad Naghibzadeh-Tahami
- Health Services Management Research Center, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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Pakmanesh H, Anvari O, Forey N, Weiderpass E, Malekpourafshar R, Iranpour M, Shahesmaeili A, Ahmadi N, Bazrafshan A, Zendehdel K, Kannengiesser C, Ba I, McKay J, Zvereva M, Hosen MI, Sheikh M, Calvez-Kelm FL. TERT Promoter Mutations as Simple and Non-Invasive Urinary Biomarkers for the Detection of Urothelial Bladder Cancer in a High-Risk Region. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:14319. [PMID: 36430798 PMCID: PMC9696845 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Bladder cancer (BC) is the 10th most common cancer in the world. While there are FDA-approved urinary assays to detect BC, none have demonstrated sufficient sensitivity and specificity to be integrated into clinical practice. Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (TERT) gene mutations have been identified as the most common BC mutations that could potentially be used as non-invasive urinary biomarkers to detect BC. This study aims to evaluate the validity of these tests to detect BC in the Kerman province of Iran, where BC is the most common cancer in men. Urine samples of 31 patients with primary (n = 11) or recurrent (n = 20) bladder tumor and 50 controls were prospectively collected. Total urinary DNA was screened for the TERT promoter mutations (uTERTpm) by Droplet Digital PCR (ddPCR) assays. The performance characteristics of uTERTpm and the influence by disease stage and grade were compared to urine cytology results. The uTERTpm was 100% sensitive and 88% specific to detect primary BC, while it was 50% sensitive and 88% specific in detecting recurrent BC. The overall sensitivity and specificity of uTERTpm to detect bladder cancer were 67.7% and 88.0%, respectively, which were consistent across different tumor stages and grades. The most frequent uTERTpm mutations among BC cases were C228T (18/31), C250T (4/31), and C158A (1/31) with mutant allelic frequency (MAF) ranging from 0.2% to 63.3%. Urine cytology demonstrated a similar sensitivity (67.7%), but lower specificity (62.0%) than uTERTpm in detecting BC. Combined uTERTpm and urine cytology increased the sensitivity to 83.8%, but decreased the specificity to 52.0%. Our study demonstrated promising diagnostic accuracy for the uTERTpm as a non-invasive urinary biomarker to detect, in particular, primary BC in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Pakmanesh
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shahid Bahonar Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Omid Anvari
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Shahid Bahonar Hospital, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Nathalie Forey
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Genomic Epidemiology Branch, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Genomic Epidemiology Branch, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Reza Malekpourafshar
- Department of Pathology, Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Maryam Iranpour
- Department of Pathology, Pathology and Stem Cell Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Armita Shahesmaeili
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Nahid Ahmadi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Azam Bazrafshan
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Kazem Zendehdel
- Cancer Research Center, Cancer Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1419733133, Iran
| | | | - Ibrahima Ba
- Department of Genetics, Bichat Claude Bernard Hospital, 75108 Paris, France
| | - James McKay
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Genomic Epidemiology Branch, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Maria Zvereva
- Chair of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Md Ismail Hosen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh
| | - Mahdi Sheikh
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Genomic Epidemiology Branch, 69008 Lyon, France
| | - Florence Le Calvez-Kelm
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), Genomic Epidemiology Branch, 69008 Lyon, France
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