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Porthan E, Lindberg M, Härkönen J, Scheinin NM, Karlsson L, Karlsson H, Ekholm E. Childhood trauma and fear of childbirth: findings from a birth cohort study. Arch Womens Ment Health 2023:10.1007/s00737-023-01328-x. [PMID: 37243781 DOI: 10.1007/s00737-023-01328-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate if experiencing childhood trauma (emotional abuse, emotional neglect, physical abuse, physical neglect, or sexual abuse) or a greater total burden of childhood trauma increase the risk of fear of childbirth (FOC). This study included 2556 women living in Southwest Finland. Women were recruited during routine ultrasound visits at gestational week (gwk) 12. Experiencing childhood trauma was assessed in retrospect with the Trauma and Distress Scale (TADS) questionnaire completed at gwk 14. Information on the diagnosis of FOC (ICD-10 diagnosis O99.80) was obtained from the Finnish Medical Birth Register. Associations between childhood trauma (domains and total TADS score) and FOC were analyzed with logistic regression in unadjusted and adjusted models. Emotional abuse (aOR 1.25, 95% CI 1.10-1.42), emotional neglect (aOR 1.26, 95% CI 1.08-1.46), and a greater total burden of trauma (TADS total score) (aOR 1.06, 95% CI 1.02-1.10) increased the risk for FOC. We found no evidence for physical abuse (aOR 1.15, 95% CI 1.00-1.32), physical neglect (aOR 1.06, 95% CI 0.92-1.22), and sexual abuse (aOR 1.24, 95% CI 0.99-1.56) associating with FOC. Childhood emotional abuse, emotional neglect, and a greater total burden of childhood trauma increase the risk for FOC. However, the childhood traumatic events were inquired in retrospect, which could distort the events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elviira Porthan
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
- The Hospital District of South Ostrobothnia, Hanneksenrinne 7, 60220, Seinäjoki, Finland.
| | - Matti Lindberg
- Department of Social Research, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Juho Härkönen
- Department of Political and Social Sciences, European University Institute, Firenze, Italy
- Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Finland
| | - Noora M Scheinin
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Center for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Eeva Ekholm
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
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Liu S, Feng S, Du F, Zhang K, Shen Y. Association of smoking, alcohol, and coffee consumption with the risk of ovarian cancer and prognosis: a mendelian randomization study. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:256. [PMID: 36941558 PMCID: PMC10026459 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10737-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Currently, the association between smoking, alcohol, and coffee intake and the risk of ovarian cancer (OC) remains conflicting. In this study, we used a two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) method to evaluate the association of smoking, drinking and coffee consumption with the risk of OC and prognosis. METHODS Five risk factors related to lifestyles (cigarettes per day, smoking initiation, smoking cessation, alcohol consumption and coffee consumption) were chosen from the Genome-Wide Association Study, and 28, 105, 10, 36 and 36 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were obtained as instrumental variables (IVs). Outcome variables were achieved from the Ovarian Cancer Association Consortium. Inverse-variance-weighted method was mainly used to compute odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (Cl). RESULTS The two-sample MR analysis supported the causal association of genetically predicted smoking initiation (OR: 1.15 per SD, 95%CI: 1.02-1.29, P = 0.027) and coffee consumption (OR: 1.40 per 50% increase, 95%CI: 1.02-1.93, P = 0.040) with the risk of OC, but not cigarettes per day, smoking cessation, and alcohol consumption. Subgroup analysis based on histological subtypes revealed a positive genetical predictive association between coffee consumption and endometrioid OC (OR: 3.01, 95%CI: 1.50-6.04, P = 0.002). Several smoking initiation-related SNPs (rs7585579, rs7929518, rs2378662, rs10001365, rs11078713, rs7929518, and rs62098013), and coffee consumption-related SNPs (rs4410790, and rs1057868) were all associated with overall survival and cancer-specific survival in OC. CONCLUSION Our findings provide the evidence for a favorable causal association of genetically predicted smoking initiation and coffee consumption with OC risk, and coffee consumption is linked to a greater risk of endometrioid OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicong Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Songwei Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Furong Du
- State Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine and Innovative Drug Development, Jiangsu Simcere Diagnostics Co., Ltd, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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Carter P, Yuan S, Kar S, Vithayathil M, Mason AM, Burgess S, Larsson SC. Coffee consumption and cancer risk: a Mendelian randomisation study. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:2113-2123. [PMID: 36067583 PMCID: PMC7613623 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Revised: 08/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Coffee contains many bioactive chemicals and associations with cancer have been reported in observational studies. In this Mendelian randomisation (MR) study we investigated the causal associations of coffee consumption with a broad range of cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve independent genetic variants proxied coffee consumption. Genetically-predicted risk of any cancer (59,647 cases) and 22 site-specific cancers was estimated in European-descent individuals in UK Biobank. Univariable and multivariable MR analyses were conducted. RESULTS Genetically-predicted coffee consumption was not associated with risk of any cancer in the main analysis (OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.98-1.14, p = 0.183) but was associated with an increased risk of digestive system cancer (OR 1.28, 95% CI 1.09-1.51, p = 0.003), driven by a strong association with oesophageal cancer (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.73-4.50, p = 2.5×10-5). This association was consistent after adjustment for genetically-predicted body mass index, smoking and alcohol consumption. There was no strong evidence supporting a causal relationship between genetically-predicted coffee consumption and the majority of cancers studied. However, genetically-predicted coffee consumption was associated with increased risk of multiple myeloma (OR 2.25, 95% CI 1.30-3.89, p = 0.004) and reduced ovarian cancer risk (OR 0.63, 95% CI 0.43-0.93, p = 0.020). CONCLUSIONS This MR study provides strong support for a causal association of coffee consumption with oesophageal cancer, but not for the majority of cancer types, and the underlying mechanisms require investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Carter
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Shuai Yuan
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Siddhartha Kar
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | | | - Amy M Mason
- British Heart Foundation Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK; National Institute for Health Research Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge, UK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- MRC Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Susanna C Larsson
- Unit of Cardiovascular and Nutritional Epidemiology, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden; Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
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Markozannes G, Kanellopoulou A, Dimopoulou O, Kosmidis D, Zhang X, Wang L, Theodoratou E, Gill D, Burgess S, Tsilidis KK. Systematic review of Mendelian randomization studies on risk of cancer. BMC Med 2022; 20:41. [PMID: 35105367 PMCID: PMC8809022 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-022-02246-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to map and describe the current state of Mendelian randomization (MR) literature on cancer risk and to identify associations supported by robust evidence. METHODS We searched PubMed and Scopus up to 06/10/2020 for MR studies investigating the association of any genetically predicted risk factor with cancer risk. We categorized the reported associations based on a priori designed levels of evidence supporting a causal association into four categories, namely robust, probable, suggestive, and insufficient, based on the significance and concordance of the main MR analysis results and at least one of the MR-Egger, weighed median, MRPRESSO, and multivariable MR analyses. Associations not presenting any of the aforementioned sensitivity analyses were not graded. RESULTS We included 190 publications reporting on 4667 MR analyses. Most analyses (3200; 68.6%) were not accompanied by any of the assessed sensitivity analyses. Of the 1467 evaluable analyses, 87 (5.9%) were supported by robust, 275 (18.7%) by probable, and 89 (6.1%) by suggestive evidence. The most prominent robust associations were observed for anthropometric indices with risk of breast, kidney, and endometrial cancers; circulating telomere length with risk of kidney, lung, osteosarcoma, skin, thyroid, and hematological cancers; sex steroid hormones and risk of breast and endometrial cancer; and lipids with risk of breast, endometrial, and ovarian cancer. CONCLUSIONS Despite the large amount of research on genetically predicted risk factors for cancer risk, limited associations are supported by robust evidence for causality. Most associations did not present a MR sensitivity analysis and were thus non-evaluable. Future research should focus on more thorough assessment of sensitivity MR analyses and on more transparent reporting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios Markozannes
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, St. Mary's Campus, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Afroditi Kanellopoulou
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Kosmidis
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Xiaomeng Zhang
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Lijuan Wang
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Evropi Theodoratou
- Centre for Global Health, Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- CRUK Edinburgh Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Dipender Gill
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, St. Mary's Campus, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Stephen Burgess
- Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece.
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, St. Mary's Campus, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK.
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Guo JZ, Xiao Q, Gao S, Li XQ, Wu QJ, Gong TT. Review of Mendelian Randomization Studies on Ovarian Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:681396. [PMID: 34458137 PMCID: PMC8385140 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.681396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the deadliest gynecological cancers worldwide. Previous observational epidemiological studies have revealed associations between modifiable environmental risk factors and OC risk. However, these studies are prone to confounding, measurement error, and reverse causation, undermining robust causal inference. Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis has been established as a reliable method to investigate the causal relationship between risk factors and diseases using genetic variants to proxy modifiable exposures. Over recent years, MR analysis in OC research has received extensive attention, providing valuable insights into the etiology of OC as well as holding promise for identifying potential therapeutic interventions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the key principles and assumptions of MR analysis. Published MR studies focusing on the causality between different risk factors and OC risk are summarized, along with comprehensive analysis of the method and its future applications. The results of MR studies on OC showed that higher BMI and height, earlier age at menarche, endometriosis, schizophrenia, and higher circulating β-carotene and circulating zinc levels are associated with an increased risk of OC. In contrast, polycystic ovary syndrome; vitiligo; higher circulating vitamin D, magnesium, and testosterone levels; and HMG-CoA reductase inhibition are associated with a reduced risk of OC. MR analysis presents a2 valuable approach to understanding the causality between different risk factors and OC after full consideration of its inherent assumptions and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Zeng Guo
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qian Xiao
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Song Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiu-Qin Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qi-Jun Wu
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
- Clinical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Ting-Ting Gong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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Londoño C, Cayssials V, de Villasante I, Crous-Bou M, Scalbert A, Weiderpass E, Agudo A, Tjønneland A, Olsen A, Overvad K, Katzke V, Schulze M, Palli D, Krogh V, Santucci de Magistris M, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Gram IT, Rylander C, Skeie G, Sánchez MJ, Amiano P, Huerta JM, Barricarte A, Sartor H, Sonestedt E, Esberg A, Idahl A, Mahamat-Saleh Y, Laouali N, Kvaskoff M, Turzanski-Fortner R, Zamora-Ros R. Polyphenol Intake and Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Risk in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) Study. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1249. [PMID: 34439497 PMCID: PMC8389235 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10081249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite some epidemiological evidence on the protective effects of polyphenol intake on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) risk from case-control studies, the evidence is scarce from prospective studies and non-existent for several polyphenol classes. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the associations between the intake of total, classes and subclasses of polyphenols and EOC risk in a large prospective study. The study was conducted in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort, which included 309,129 adult women recruited mostly from the general population. Polyphenol intake was assessed through validated country-specific dietary questionnaires and the Phenol-Explorer database. During a mean follow-up of 14 years, 1469 first incident EOC cases (including 806 serous, 129 endometrioid, 102 mucinous, and 67 clear cell tumours) were identified. In multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models, the hazard ratio in the highest quartile of total polyphenol intake compared with the lowest quartile (HRQ4vsQ1) was 1.14 (95% CI 0.94-1.39; p-trend = 0.11). Similarly, the intake of most classes and subclasses of polyphenols were not related to either overall EOC risk or any EOC subtype. A borderline statistically significant positive association was observed between phenolic acid intake (HRQ4vsQ1 = 1.20, 95% CI 1.01-1.43; p-trend = 0.02) and EOC risk, especially for the serous subtype and in women with obesity, although these associations did not exceed the Bonferroni correction threshold. The current results do not support any association between polyphenol intake and EOC in our large European prospective study. Results regarding phenolic acid intake need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Londoño
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.); (V.C.); (I.d.V.); (M.C.-B.); (A.A.)
| | - Valerie Cayssials
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.); (V.C.); (I.d.V.); (M.C.-B.); (A.A.)
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary, University of the Republic, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
- Department of Quantitative Methods, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Republic, Montevideo 11600, Uruguay
| | - Izar de Villasante
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.); (V.C.); (I.d.V.); (M.C.-B.); (A.A.)
| | - Marta Crous-Bou
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.); (V.C.); (I.d.V.); (M.C.-B.); (A.A.)
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon, France; (A.S.); (E.W.)
| | - Elisabete Weiderpass
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 69372 Lyon, France; (A.S.); (E.W.)
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.); (V.C.); (I.d.V.); (M.C.-B.); (A.A.)
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (A.T.); (A.O.)
| | - Anja Olsen
- Unit of Diet, Genes and Environment, Danish Cancer Society Research Center, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (A.T.); (A.O.)
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Section for Epidemiology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (V.K.); (R.T.-F.)
| | - Matthias Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany;
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, 14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network-ISPRO, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Vittorio Krogh
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, 20133 Milan, Italy;
| | | | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Unit, “Civic M.P. Arezzo” Hospital ASP, 97100 Ragusa, Italy;
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10124 Turin, Italy;
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy
| | - Inger T. Gram
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (I.T.G.); (C.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Charlotta Rylander
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (I.T.G.); (C.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, The Arctic University of Norway, 9019 Tromsø, Norway; (I.T.G.); (C.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Maria-Jose Sánchez
- Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública (EASP), 18011 Granada, Spain;
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, 18012 Granada, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.A.); (J.M.H.); (A.B.)
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.A.); (J.M.H.); (A.B.)
- Ministry of Health of the Basque Government, Sub-Directorate for Public Health and Addictions of Gipuzkoa, 20013 San Sebastian, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, 20014 San Sebastian, Spain
| | - José María Huerta
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.A.); (J.M.H.); (A.B.)
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30008 Murcia, Spain
| | - Aurelio Barricarte
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain; (P.A.); (J.M.H.); (A.B.)
- Navarra Public Health Institute, 31003 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Hanna Sartor
- Diagnostic Radiology Unit, Lund University, 20502 Malmö, Sweden;
- Department of Medical Imaging and Physiology, Skåne University Hospital, 21428 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Emily Sonestedt
- Nutritional Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, 21428 Malmö, Sweden;
| | - Anders Esberg
- Department of Odontology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden;
| | - Annika Idahl
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Umeå University, 90187 Umeå, Sweden;
| | - Yahya Mahamat-Saleh
- Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France; (Y.M.-S.); (N.L.); (M.K.)
- Exposome and Heredity Team, CESP, Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, INSERM, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Nasser Laouali
- Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France; (Y.M.-S.); (N.L.); (M.K.)
- Exposome and Heredity Team, CESP, Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, INSERM, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Marina Kvaskoff
- Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif, France; (Y.M.-S.); (N.L.); (M.K.)
- Exposome and Heredity Team, CESP, Paris-Saclay University, UVSQ, INSERM, 94805 Villejuif, France
| | - Renée Turzanski-Fortner
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; (V.K.); (R.T.-F.)
| | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), 08908 Barcelona, Spain; (C.L.); (V.C.); (I.d.V.); (M.C.-B.); (A.A.)
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Nordestgaard AT. Causal relationship from coffee consumption to diseases and mortality: a review of observational and Mendelian randomization studies including cardiometabolic diseases, cancer, gallstones and other diseases. Eur J Nutr 2021; 61:573-587. [PMID: 34319429 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-021-02650-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE High coffee consumption is associated with low risk of mortality and morbidity, but the causality remains unclear. This review aims to discuss findings from observational studies on coffee consumption in context of Mendelian randomization studies. METHODS The PubMed database was searched for all Mendelian randomization studies on coffee consumption and corresponding observational studies. RESULTS High coffee consumption is associated with low risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in observational studies (HRs of 0.85-0.90 vs. no/low consumers), with no support of causality in Mendelian randomization studies. Moderate/high consumption is associated with low risk of cardiometabolic diseases, including ischemic heart disease (HRs of 0.85-0.90 vs. no/low consumption), stroke (HRs of approximately 0.80 vs. no/low consumption), type 2 diabetes (HRs of approximately 0.70 vs. no/low consumption) and obesity in observational studies, but not in Mendelian randomization studies. High consumption is associated with low risk of endometrial cancer and melanoma and high risk of lung cancer in observational studies, but with high risk of colorectal cancer in Mendelian randomization studies. In observational and Mendelian randomization studies, high coffee consumption is associated with low risk of gallstones (HRs of 0.55-0.70 for high vs. no/low self-reported and 0.81 (0.69-0.96) for highest vs. lowest genetic consumption). CONCLUSION High coffee consumption is associated with low risk of mortality, cardiometabolic diseases, some cancers and gallstones in observational studies, with no evidence to support causality from Mendelian randomization studies for most diseases except gallstones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ask T Nordestgaard
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Borgmester Ib Juuls Vej 1, 2730, Herlev, Denmark.
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Porthan E, Lindberg M, Ekholm E, Scheinin NM, Karlsson L, Karlsson H, Härkönen J. Parental divorce in childhood does not independently predict maternal depressive symptoms during pregnancy. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:520. [PMID: 32894091 PMCID: PMC7487523 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03227-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study sought to investigate if parental divorce in childhood increases the risk for depressive symptoms in pregnancy. Methods Women were recruited during their ultrasound screening in gestational week (gwk) 12. The final study sample consisted of 2,899 pregnant women. Questionnaires (including the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale) were completed at three measurement points (gwk 14, 24 and 34). Prenatal depressive symptoms were defined as Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale score ≥ 13. Parental divorce and other stressful life events in childhood were assessed at gwk 14. Parental divorce was defined as separation of parents who were married or cohabiting. Questionnaire data was supplemented with data from Statistics Finland and the Finnish Medical Birth Register. Results Parental divorce in childhood increased the risk for depressive symptoms during pregnancy (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.02–2.13), but the connection was no longer significant after adjusting for socioeconomic status, family conflicts and witnessing domestic violence in the childhood family (OR 0.80; 95% CI 0.54–1.18). Conclusions Parental divorce alone does not predict depressive symptoms during pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elviira Porthan
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center and Centre for Population Health Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 3, 20520, Turku, Finland.
| | - Matti Lindberg
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center and Centre for Population Health Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 3, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Research, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Eeva Ekholm
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center and Centre for Population Health Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 3, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Noora M Scheinin
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center and Centre for Population Health Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 3, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Linnea Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center and Centre for Population Health Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 3, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Department of Child Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Hasse Karlsson
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center and Centre for Population Health Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 3, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychiatry, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - Juho Härkönen
- FinnBrain Birth Cohort Study, Turku Brain and Mind Center and Centre for Population Health Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 3, 20520, Turku, Finland.,Department of Political and Social Sciences, European University Institute, Firenze, Italy.,Department of Sociology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Finland
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9
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Witkowska A, Mirończuk-Chodakowska I, Terlikowska K, Kulesza K, Zujko M. Coffee and its Biologically Active Components: Is There a Connection to Breast, Endometrial, and Ovarian Cancer? - a Review. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.31883/pjfns/120017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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10
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Kwak SY, Cho Y, Oh H, Shin MJ. Association of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels with hypertension and blood pressure values in Korean adults: A Mendelian randomization study on a subset of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey 2011-2012 population. Nutr Res Pract 2019; 13:498-508. [PMID: 31814925 PMCID: PMC6883232 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2019.13.6.498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Lower circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels are associated with a higher risk of hypertension (HTN); however, it remains unclear whether the relationship is causal. We aimed to evaluate the causal effects of circulating 25(OH)D levels on the prevalence of HTN in the Korean population using the Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. SUBJECTS/METHODS Epidemiological data, serum 25(OH)D data, and genomic DNA biospecimens were obtained from 2,591 participants, a subset of the study population in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey 2011-2012. Five 25(OH)D-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; DHCR7 rs12785878, CYP2R1 rs10741657, CYP2R1 rs12794714, CYP24A1 rs6013897, and GC rs2282679), identified a priori from genome-wide association studies, were used as instrument variables (IVs) for serum 25(OH)D levels. In the MR analysis, we performed IV analyses using the two-stage least squares method. RESULTS In the observational analysis, circulating 25(OH)D levels were found to be inversely associated with the HTN prevalence in ordinary least squares models (odds ratio: 0.97, 95% confidence interval: 0.96, 0.99) after adjusting for the potential confounders. There were differences in the circulating 25(OH)D levels across genotypes of individual SNPs. In the MR analysis, using individual SNPs as IVs, 25(OH)D levels were not associated with the HTN prevalence. CONCLUSIONS We found no association between genetically determined circulating 25(OH)D levels and HTN in Korean adults. Our results are listed owing to the relatively small sample size and possible weak instrument bias; therefore, further studies are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Kwak
- Department of Public Health Sciences, BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsu Cho
- Department of Public Health Sciences, BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Department of Public Health Sciences, BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hannah Oh
- Department of Public Health Sciences, BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Shin
- Department of Public Health Sciences, BK21PLUS Program in Embodiment: Health-Society Interaction, Graduate School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
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11
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Ong JS, Law MH, An J, Han X, Gharahkhani P, Whiteman DC, Neale RE, MacGregor S. Association between coffee consumption and overall risk of being diagnosed with or dying from cancer among >300 000 UK Biobank participants in a large-scale Mendelian randomization study. Int J Epidemiol 2019; 48:1447-1456. [PMID: 31412118 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyz144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous observational studies have suggested that coffee intake may be associated with a reduction in cancer risk. Mendelian randomization (MR) studies can help clarify whether the observed associations are likely to be causal. Here we evaluated whether coffee intake is associated with: (i) overall risk of being diagnosed with/dying from any cancer; and (ii) risk of individual cancers. METHODS We identified 46 155 cases (of which 6998 were fatal) and 270 342 controls of White British ancestry from the UK Biobank cohort (UKB), based on ICD10 diagnoses. Individuals with benign tumours were excluded. Coffee intake was self-reported and recorded based on cup/day consumption. We conducted both observational and summary data MR analyses. RESULTS There was no observational association between coffee intake and overall cancer risk [odds ratio (OR) per one cup/day increase = 0.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.98, 1.00] or cancer death (OR = 1.01, 0.99, 1.03); the estimated OR from MR is 1.01 (0.94, 1.08) for overall cancer risk and 1.11 (0.95, 1.31) for cancer death. The relationship between coffee intake and individual cancer risks were consistent with a null effect, with most cancers showing little or no associations with coffee. Meta-analysis of our MR findings with publicly available summary data on various cancers do not support a strong causal relationship between coffee and risk of breast, ovarian, lung or prostate cancer, upon correction for multiple testing. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, coffee intake is not associated with overall risk of being diagnosed with or dying from cancer in UKB. For individual cancers, our findings were not statistically inconsistent with earlier observational studies, although for these we were unable to rule out a small effect on specific types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue-Sheng Ong
- Statistical Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Matthew H Law
- Statistical Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jiyuan An
- Statistical Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Xikun Han
- Statistical Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Puya Gharahkhani
- Statistical Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - David C Whiteman
- Cancer Control, Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Rachel E Neale
- Cancer Aetiology and Prevention, Department of Population Health, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Stuart MacGregor
- Statistical Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Cornelis MC, Munafo MR. Mendelian Randomization Studies of Coffee and Caffeine Consumption. Nutrients 2018; 10:E1343. [PMID: 30241358 PMCID: PMC6213346 DOI: 10.3390/nu10101343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Habitual coffee and caffeine consumption has been reported to be associated with numerous health outcomes. This perspective focuses on Mendelian Randomization (MR) approaches for determining whether such associations are causal. Genetic instruments for coffee and caffeine consumption are described, along with key concepts of MR and particular challenges when applying this approach to studies of coffee and caffeine. To date, at least fifteen MR studies have investigated the causal role of coffee or caffeine use on risk of type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, gout, osteoarthritis, cancers, sleep disturbances and other substance use. Most studies provide no consistent support for a causal role of coffee or caffeine on these health outcomes. Common study limitations include low statistical power, potential pleiotropy, and risk of collider bias. As a result, in many cases a causal role cannot confidently be ruled out. Conceptual challenges also arise from the different aspects of coffee and caffeine use captured by current genetic instruments. Nevertheless, with continued genome-wide searches for coffee and caffeine related loci along with advanced statistical methods and MR designs, MR promises to be a valuable approach to understanding the causal impact that coffee and caffeine have in human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marilyn C Cornelis
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Marcus R Munafo
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit (IEU) at the University of Bristol, UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol Studies, School of Psychological Science, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TU, UK.
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