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Rahman NAA, Fuaad AAHA, Azami NAM, Amin MCIM, Azmi F. Next-generation Dengue Vaccines: Leveraging Peptide-Based Immunogens and Advanced Nanoparticles as Delivery Platforms. J Pharm Sci 2024:S0022-3549(24)00184-9. [PMID: 38761864 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Dengue, caused by the dengue virus (DENV), is a prevalent arthropod-borne disease in humans and poses a significant burden on public health. Severe cases of dengue can be life-threatening. Although a licensed dengue vaccine is available, its efficacy varies across different virus serotypes and may exacerbate the disease in some seronegative recipients. Developing a safe and effective vaccine against all DENV serotypes remains challenging and requires continued research. Conventional approaches in dengue vaccine development, using live or attenuated microorganisms or parts of them often contain unnecessary epitopes, risking allergenic or autoimmune reactions. To address these challenges, innovative strategies such as peptide vaccines have been explored. Peptide vaccines offer a safer alternative by inducing specific immune responses with minimal immunogenic fragments. Chemical modification strategies of peptides have revolutionized their design, allowing for the incorporation of multi-epitope presentation, self-adjuvanting features, and self-assembling properties. These modifications enhance the antigenicity of the peptides, leading to improved vaccine efficacy. This review outlines advancements in peptide-based dengue vaccine development, leveraging nanoparticles as antigen-displaying platforms. Additionally, key immunological considerations for enhancing efficacy and safety against DENV infection have been addressed, providing insight into the next-generation of dengue vaccine development leveraging on peptide-nanoparticle technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Adilah Abdul Rahman
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology and Vaccine (CENTRIC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Abdullah Al-Hadi Ahmad Fuaad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Nor Azila Muhammad Azami
- UKM Medical Molecular Biology Institute, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 56000 Cheras, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Cairul Iqbal Mohd Amin
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology and Vaccine (CENTRIC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Fazren Azmi
- Centre for Drug Delivery Technology and Vaccine (CENTRIC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Castenmiller C, Keumatio-Doungtsop BC, van Ree R, de Jong EC, van Kooyk Y. Tolerogenic Immunotherapy: Targeting DC Surface Receptors to Induce Antigen-Specific Tolerance. Front Immunol 2021; 12:643240. [PMID: 33679806 PMCID: PMC7933040 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.643240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are well-established as major players in the regulation of immune responses. They either induce inflammatory or tolerogenic responses, depending on the DC-subtype and stimuli they receive from the local environment. This dual capacity of DCs has raised therapeutic interest for their use to modify immune-activation via the generation of tolerogenic DCs (tolDCs). Several compounds such as vitamin D3, retinoic acid, dexamethasone, or IL-10 and TGF-β have shown potency in the induction of tolDCs. However, an increasing interest exists in defining tolerance inducing receptors on DCs for new targeting strategies aimed to develop tolerance inducing immunotherapies, on which we focus particular in this review. Ligation of specific cell surface molecules on DCs can result in antigen presentation to T cells in the presence of inhibitory costimulatory molecules and tolerogenic cytokines, giving rise to regulatory T cells. The combination of factors such as antigen structure and conformation, delivery method, and receptor specificity is of paramount importance. During the last decades, research provided many tools that can specifically target various receptors on DCs to induce a tolerogenic phenotype. Based on advances in the knowledge of pathogen recognition receptor expression profiles in human DC subsets, the most promising cell surface receptors that are currently being explored as possible targets for the induction of tolerance in DCs will be discussed. We also review the different strategies that are being tested to target DC receptors such as antigen-carbohydrate conjugates, antibody-antigen fusion proteins and antigen-adjuvant conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Castenmiller
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Brigitte-Carole Keumatio-Doungtsop
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Ronald van Ree
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Esther C de Jong
- Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Yvette van Kooyk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam Institute for Infection & Immunity, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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Rupa P, Mine Y. Comparison of Glycated Ovalbumin-Monosaccharides in the Attenuation of Ovalbumin-Induced Allergic Response in a BALB/C Mouse Model. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:8138-8148. [PMID: 31294563 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare various glycated ovalbumin (OVA)-monosaccharides, including OVA-mannose (Man), -glucose, -ribose, and -fructose, in the attenuation of OVA-induced allergic response in a BALB/C mouse model and the potential mechanisms of immunological modulation. The glycated OVA forms were prepared by Maillard reactions. OVA-Man significantly reduced the frequency of allergic signs. Mouse mast cell protease enzyme concentration was significantly reduced in the OVA-Man group (549.80 ± 84.67 ng/mL, p < 0.05). The OVA-Man group also had a lower histamine concentration (30.96 ± 1.12 ng/mL) as compared with the positive control OVA group (44.43 ± 0.71 ng/mL, p < 0.05). Both specific IgG and IgE were significantly reduced in the OVA-Man-treated group (p < 0.05). The OVA-Man group exhibited decreased concentrations of IL-4 (67.98 ± 3.11 pg/mL) and IL-17 (67.98 ± 3.11 pg/mL) and an increased concentration of IL-12 (336.70 ± 18.69 pg/mL, p < 0.05) compared with the positive control. Mannosylation played a vital role in allergen recognition, implicating deleterious downstream Th2 cell activation, cytokine secretion, and IgE production. This result indicates that different glycans target specific DC receptors, and differential DC processing, antigen presentation, and T cell response leads to altered variation in allergic response. OVA-Man exhibited minimal DC internalization, DC processing, MHC antigen presentation, and antigen-specific T cell activation, resulting in an attenuated allergic response and validating its efficacy as a potential immunotherapeutic candidate to treat egg allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prithy Rupa
- Department of Food Science , University of Guelph , 50 Stone Road East , Guelph , Ontario N1G 2W1 , Canada
| | - Yoshinori Mine
- Department of Food Science , University of Guelph , 50 Stone Road East , Guelph , Ontario N1G 2W1 , Canada
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Fujita Y, Taguchi H. Nanoparticle-Based Peptide Vaccines. MICRO AND NANOTECHNOLOGY IN VACCINE DEVELOPMENT 2017. [PMCID: PMC7152328 DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-39981-4.00008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Rauen J, Kreer C, Paillard A, van Duikeren S, Benckhuijsen WE, Camps MG, Valentijn ARPM, Ossendorp F, Drijfhout JW, Arens R, Burgdorf S. Enhanced cross-presentation and improved CD8+ T cell responses after mannosylation of synthetic long peptides in mice. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103755. [PMID: 25137039 PMCID: PMC4138033 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of synthetic long peptides (SLP) has been proven to be a promising approach to induce adaptive immune responses in vaccination strategies. Here, we analyzed whether the efficiency to activate cytotoxic T cells by SLP-based vaccinations can be increased by conjugating SLPs to mannose residues. We could demonstrate that mannosylation of SLPs results in increased internalization by the mannose receptor (MR) on murine antigen-presenting cells. MR-mediated internalization targeted the mannosylated SLPs into early endosomes, from where they were cross-presented very efficiently compared to non-mannosylated SLPs. The influence of SLP mannosylation was specific for cross-presentation, as no influence on MHC II-restricted presentation was observed. Additionally, we showed that vaccination of mice with mannosylated SLPs containing epitopes from either ovalbumin or HPV E7 resulted in enhanced proliferation and activation of antigen-specific CD8+ T cells. These findings demonstrate that mannosylation of SLPs augments the induction of a cytotoxic T cell response in vitro and in vivo and might be a promising approach to induce cytotoxic T cell responses in e.g. cancer therapy and anti-viral immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Rauen
- Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Kreer
- Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Arlette Paillard
- Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Suzanne van Duikeren
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Willemien E. Benckhuijsen
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel G. Camps
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - A. Rob P. M. Valentijn
- Department of Bio-organic Synthesis, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ferry Ossendorp
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Jan W. Drijfhout
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Ramon Arens
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Sven Burgdorf
- Life and Medical Sciences Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
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de Geus ED, Vervelde L. Regulation of macrophage and dendritic cell function by pathogens and through immunomodulation in the avian mucosa. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2013; 41:341-351. [PMID: 23542704 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Macrophages (MPh) and dendritic cells (DC) are members of the mononuclear phagocyte system. In chickens, markers to distinguish MPh from DC are lacking, but whether MPh and DC can be distinguished in humans and mice is under debate, despite the availability of numerous markers. Mucosal MPh and DC are strategically located to ingest foreign antigens, suggesting they can rapidly respond to invading pathogens. This review addresses our current understanding of DC and MPh function, the receptors expressed by MPh and DC involved in pathogen recognition, and the responses of DC and MPh against respiratory and intestinal pathogens in the chicken. Furthermore, potential opportunities are described to modulate MPh and DC responses to enhance disease resistance, highlighting modulation through nutraceuticals and vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eveline D de Geus
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, The Netherlands.
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Nandakumar S, Kannanganat S, Dobos KM, Lucas M, Spencer JS, Fang S, McDonald MA, Pohl J, Birkness K, Chamcha V, Ramirez MV, Plikaytis BB, Posey JE, Amara RR, Sable SB. O-mannosylation of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis adhesin Apa is crucial for T cell antigenicity during infection but is expendable for protection. PLoS Pathog 2013; 9:e1003705. [PMID: 24130497 PMCID: PMC3795050 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1003705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is the most abundant post-translational polypeptide chain modification in nature. Although carbohydrate modification of protein antigens from many microbial pathogens constitutes important components of B cell epitopes, the role in T cell immunity is not completely understood. Here, using ELISPOT and polychromatic flow cytometry, we show that O-mannosylation of the adhesin, Apa, of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is crucial for its T cell antigenicity in humans and mice after infection. However, subunit vaccination with both mannosylated and non-mannosylated Apa induced a comparable magnitude and quality of T cell response and imparted similar levels of protection against Mtb challenge in mice. Both forms equally improved waning BCG vaccine-induced protection in elderly mice after subunit boosting. Thus, O-mannosylation of Apa is required for antigenicity but appears to be dispensable for its immunogenicity and protective efficacy in mice. These results have implications for the development of subunit vaccines using post-translationally modified proteins such as glycoproteins against infectious diseases like tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhadra Nandakumar
- Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Sunil Kannanganat
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Karen M. Dobos
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Megan Lucas
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - John S. Spencer
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, United States of America
| | - Sunan Fang
- Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Melissa A. McDonald
- Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Jan Pohl
- Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Kristin Birkness
- Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Venkateswarlu Chamcha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Melissa V. Ramirez
- Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Bonnie B. Plikaytis
- Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - James E. Posey
- Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Rama Rao Amara
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center and Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Suraj B. Sable
- Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Lepenies B, Lee J, Sonkaria S. Targeting C-type lectin receptors with multivalent carbohydrate ligands. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2013; 65:1271-81. [PMID: 23727341 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Revised: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) represent a large receptor family including collectins, selectins, lymphocyte lectins, and proteoglycans. CLRs share a structurally homologous carbohydrate-recognition domain (CRD) and often bind carbohydrates in a Ca²⁺-dependent manner. In innate immunity, CLRs serve as pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) and bind to the glycan structures of pathogens and also to self-antigens. In nature, the low affinity of CLR/carbohydrate interactions is overcome by multivalent ligand presentation at the surface of cells or pathogens. Thus, multivalency is a promising strategy for targeting CLR-expressing cells and, indeed, carbohydrate-based targeting approaches have been employed for a number of CLRs, including asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) in the liver, or DC-SIGN expressed by dendritic cells. Since CLR engagement not only mediates endocytosis but also influences intracellular signaling pathways, CLR targeting may allow for cell-specific drug delivery and also the modulation of cellular functions. Glyconanoparticles, glycodendrimers, and glycoliposomes were successfully used as tools for CLR-specific targeting. This review will discuss different approaches for multivalent CLR ligand presentation and aims to highlight how CLR targeting has been employed for cell specific drug delivery. Major emphasis is directed towards targeting of CLRs expressed by antigen-presenting cells to modulate immune responses.
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Alban SM, de Moura JF, Minozzo JC, Mira MT, Soccol VT. Identification of mimotopes of Mycobacterium leprae as potential diagnostic reagents. BMC Infect Dis 2013; 13:42. [PMID: 23351151 PMCID: PMC3585472 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-13-42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2012] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An early diagnostic test for detecting infection in leprosy is fundamental for reducing patients' sequelae. The currently used lepromin is not adequate for disease diagnosis and, so far, no antigen to be used in intradermoreaction has proved to be sensitive and specific for that purpose. Aiming at identifying new reagents to be used in skin tests, candidate antigens were investigated. METHODS Random peptide phage display libraries were screened by using antibodies from leprosy patients in order to identify peptides as diagnostic reagents. RESULTS Seven different phage clones were identified using purified antibodies pooled from sera of leprosy patients. When the clones were tested with serum samples by ELISA, three of them, 5A, 6A and 1B, allowed detecting a larger number of leprosy patients when compared to controls. The corresponding peptides expressed by selected phage clones were chemically synthesized. A pilot study was undertaken to assess the use of peptides in skin tests. The intradermal challenge with peptides in animals previously sensitized with Mycobacterium leprae induced a delayed-type hypersensitivity with peptide 5A (2/5) and peptide 1B (1/5). In positive controls, there was a 3/5 reactivity for lepromin and a 4/5 reactivity of the sensitized animals with soluble extract of M. leprae. CONCLUSIONS The preliminary data suggest that may be possible to develop reagents with diagnostic potential based on peptide mimotopes selected by phage display using polyclonal human antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvana M Alban
- Engenharia de Bioprocessos e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-990, Brasil
| | | | - João Carlos Minozzo
- Centro de Produção e Pesquisa de Imunobiológicos, Secretária de Saúde do Estado do Paraná, Piraquara, 83302-160, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Távora Mira
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Vanete Thomaz Soccol
- Engenharia de Bioprocessos e Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba 81531-990, Brasil
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Schwartz YS, Svistelnik AV. Functional phenotypes of macrophages and the M1-M2 polarization concept. Part I. Proinflammatory phenotype. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2013; 77:246-60. [PMID: 22803942 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297912030030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Current concepts concerning the main functional phenotypes of mononuclear phagocytes are systematized, molecular mechanisms of their formation are considered, and the functional polarization concept of macrophages is critically analyzed. Mechanisms of macrophage priming activation mediated by pattern recognition receptors TLR, NLR, RLR, and CLR are described, and the features of each phenotype acquired via various pattern recognition receptors are emphasized. It is concluded that there is a huge variety of proinflammatory phenotypes from highly to poorly polarized ones. Thus the widespread notion of "classical activation" of macrophage concerns just a particular case of proinflammatory phenotype formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Sh Schwartz
- Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630089, Russia.
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'Dressed for success' C-type lectin receptors for the delivery of glyco-vaccines to dendritic cells. Curr Opin Immunol 2010; 23:131-7. [PMID: 21169001 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2010.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2010] [Revised: 11/17/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Current strategies in immunotherapy for the treatment of tumors or autoimmunity focus on direct in vivo targeting of antigens to dendritic cells (DC), as these cells are the key regulators of immune responses. Multiple DC subsets can be distinguished in both humans and mice, based on phenotype and location. Moreover, recent data show that these subsets have distinct functions. All these features have implications for the design of DC-targeting vaccines. In this review we integrate recent knowledge on the different DC subsets in human and mice and how DC-expressed C-type lectin receptors (CLR) can be exploited for the induction of either antigen-specific immunity or tolerance.
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Mannosamine–biotin as a novel masking agent for coating IgG for immune response silencing and augmentation of antibody–antigen interaction. Vaccine 2009; 27:6869-76. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2009] [Revised: 08/19/2009] [Accepted: 09/01/2009] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Tang CK, Sheng KC, Apostolopoulos V, Pietersz GA. Protein/peptide and DNA vaccine delivery by targeting C-type lectin receptors. Expert Rev Vaccines 2008; 7:1005-18. [PMID: 18767950 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.7.7.1005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
C-type lectin receptors (CLRs) are a class of pathogen-recognition receptors that are actively investigated in the field of vaccine delivery. Many of their properties have functions linked to the immune system. These receptors are expressed abundantly on antigen-presenting cells and are considered to be the sentinels of immune surveillance owing to their endocytic nature and the ability to recognize a diverse range of pathogens through recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns. CLRs are also involved in the processes of antigen presentation mediated through the induction of dendritic cell maturation and cytokine production. These properties engender CLRs to be ideal for vaccine targeting. Conversely, CLRs also function to recognize glycosylated self-antigens to induce homeostatic control and tolerance. In this review, we will describe the various preclinical/clinical vaccination strategies to target antigens and plasmid DNA to this diverse class of receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choon-Kit Tang
- Burnet Institute, Austin Campus, BioOrganic and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia.
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Kel JM, Slütter B, Drijfhout JW, Koning F, Nagelkerken L. Mannosylated self-peptide inhibits the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis via expansion of nonencephalitogenic T cells. J Leukoc Biol 2008; 84:182-90. [DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0507312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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