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Binkheder S, Alaska YA, Albaharnah A, AlSultan RK, Alqahtani NM, Amr AA, Aljerian N, Alkutbe R. The relationships between patient safety culture and sentinel events among hospitals in Saudi Arabia: a national descriptive study. BMC Health Serv Res 2023; 23:270. [PMID: 36934282 PMCID: PMC10024850 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-023-09205-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sentinel events (SEs) can result in severe and unwanted outcomes. To minimize the fear of sentinel events reporting and the occurrence of sentinel events, patient safety culture improvements within healthcare organizations is needed. To our knowledge, limited studies explored the relationships between patient safety culture and sentinel events on a local level and no research has been conducted at the national level in Saudi Arabia. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the relationships between the patient safety culture and the reported-SEs on a national level during the year 2020 in Saudi hospitals. METHODS This was a descriptive study. We utilized two data sources (the reported-SEs and the patient safety culture survey) that were linked using hospitals information. To explore the relationships between patient safety culture and reported-SEs rates, we performed descriptive statistics, a test of independence, post-hoc analysis, correlation analysis, and multivariate regression and stepwise analyses. RESULTS The highest positive domain scores in patient safety culture domains in the Saudi hospitals (n = 366) were "Teamwork Within Units" (80.65%) and "Organizational learning-continuous improvement" (80.33%), and the lowest were "Staffing" (32.10%) and "Nonpunitive Response to Error" (26.19%). The highest numbers of reported-SEs in 103 hospitals were related to the contributory factors of "Communication and Information" (63.20%) and "Staff Competency and Performance" (61.04%). The correlation analysis performed on 89 Saudi hospitals showed that higher positive patient safety culture scores were significantly associated with lower rates of reported-SEs in 3 out of the 12 domains, which are "Teamwork Within Units", "Communication Openness", and "Handoffs and Transitions". Multivariate analyses showed that "Handoffs and Transitions", "Nonpunitive Response to Error", and "Teamwork Within Units" domains were significant predictors of the number of SEs. The "Staff Competency and Performance" and "Environmental Factors" were the most contributory factors of SEs in the number of significant correlations with the patient safety culture domains. CONCLUSION This study identified patient safety culture areas of improvement where hospitals in Saudi Arabia need actions. Our study confirms that a more positive patient safety culture is associated with lower occurrence of sentinel events. To minimize the fear of sentinel events reporting and to improve overall patient safety a culture change is needed by promoting a blame-free culture and improving teamwork, handoffs, and communication openness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Binkheder
- Medical Informatics and E-Learning Unit, Medical Education Department, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 12372, Saudi Arabia.
- Technical Affairs, Saudi Patient Safety Center (SPSC), Riyadh, 12264, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yasser A Alaska
- Technical Affairs, Saudi Patient Safety Center (SPSC), Riyadh, 12264, Saudi Arabia
- Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, 12372, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alia Albaharnah
- Technical Affairs, Saudi Patient Safety Center (SPSC), Riyadh, 12264, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Anas Ahmad Amr
- Technical Affairs, Saudi Patient Safety Center (SPSC), Riyadh, 12264, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Critical Care Society, Riyadh, 12243, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawfal Aljerian
- Department of Emergency Medical Services, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences (KSAU-HS), Riyadh, 14611, Saudi Arabia
- Medical Referrals Center, Ministry of Health, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rabab Alkutbe
- Technical Affairs, Saudi Patient Safety Center (SPSC), Riyadh, 12264, Saudi Arabia
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Gong Z, Li W, Bu H, He M, Hou H, Ma T, Hu X, Fu L, Adu-Amankwaah J, Sun H. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the professional intention of medical and related students. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2021; 21:484. [PMID: 34503514 PMCID: PMC8428501 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-021-02922-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The outbreak of COVID-19 has led to increased workload and infection risks among medical staff. This situation may influence current medical and health-related students' decision on the choices of their future careers. Hence, this study investigated the impact of COVID-19 on their future career intentions. METHODS This is a cross-sectional observational study that included medical and health-related students from three universities between October 2020 and January 2021. The study questionnaire was divided into two main sections: Section 1, which comprised students' basic information. And section 2 focused mainly on the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on students' professional intentions. The chi-squared χ2 test was used to compare the responses before and after the pandemic outbreak among Chinese and non-Chinese students. RESULTS In overall, 1253 students completed the questionnaires. The responses showed that the number of students who preferred clinical medicine, public health, pharmacy and oral medicine increased significantly after the pandemic outbreak. In contrast, the number of students who chose nursing and medical technology decreased significantly. The change mainly occurred in Chinese students, predominantly females. Half of students (50.35%) were more willing to engage in medical and health work after completing their current program. Also, 36.39% of students felt that knowledge was too limited in the pandemic's face and would like to continue studying after graduation to gain more knowledge. Due to the pandemic, 34.18% of students would like a future workplace near their hometown, and 19.63% preferred to work in urban areas. CONCLUSION The COVID-19 outbreak impacted current medical and health-related students' career planning on their future workplaces and employment time choices. Additionally, the pandemic influenced the intention of Chinese students in choosing their future careers. This study provided the basis for the policymaking, specialty setting of colleges and supplied the medical health department's talent reserve information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Gong
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, No.209 of Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
- School of Public Affairs & Governance, Silliman University, Dumaguete, Philippines
| | - Wen Li
- School of International Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huimin Bu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, No.209 of Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mingyu He
- School of International Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongjian Hou
- College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, Henan, China
| | - Tongtong Ma
- Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xide Hu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, No.209 of Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lu Fu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, No.209 of Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Joseph Adu-Amankwaah
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, No.209 of Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Xuzhou Medical University, No.209 of Tongshan Road, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
- School of International Education, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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