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Haque F, Diba F, Istiaq A, Siddique MA, Mou TJ, Hossain MA, Sultana M. Novel insights into the co-selection of metal-driven antibiotic resistance in bacteria: a study of arsenic and antibiotic co-exposure. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:194. [PMID: 38538852 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03873-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The simultaneous development of antibiotic resistance in bacteria due to metal exposure poses a significant threat to the environment and human health. This study explored how exposure to both arsenic and antibiotics affects the ability of an arsenite oxidizer, Achromobacter xylosoxidans CAW4, to transform arsenite and its antibiotic resistance patterns. The bacterium was isolated from arsenic-contaminated groundwater in the Chandpur district of Bangladesh. We determined the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of arsenite, cefotaxime, and tetracycline for A. xylosoxidans CAW4, demonstrating a multidrug resistance (MDR) trait. Following this determination, we aimed to mimic an environment where A. xylosoxidans CAW4 was exposed to both arsenite and antibiotics. We enabled the strain to grow in sub-MIC concentrations of 1 mM arsenite, 40 µg/mL cefotaxime, and 20 µg/mL tetracycline. The expression dynamics of the arsenite oxidase (aioA) gene in the presence or absence of antibiotics were analyzed. The findings indicated that simultaneous exposure to arsenite and antibiotics adversely affected the bacteria's capacity to metabolize arsenic. However, when arsenite was present in antibiotics-containing media, it promoted bacterial growth. The study observed a global downregulation of the aioA gene in arsenic-antibiotic conditions, indicating the possibility of increased susceptibility through co-resistance across the entire bacterial population of the environment. This study interprets that bacterial arsenic-metabolizing ability can rescue the bacteria from antibiotic stress, further disseminating environmental cross-resistance. Therefore, the co-selection of metal-driven antibiotic resistance in bacteria highlights the need for effective measures to address this emerging threat to human health and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhana Haque
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - Farzana Diba
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Institute of Tissue Banking and Biomaterial Research, Atomic Energy Research Establishment, Savar, Dhaka, 1349, Bangladesh
| | - Arif Istiaq
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Mohammad Anwar Siddique
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Taslin Jahan Mou
- Department of Microbiology, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka, 1342, Bangladesh
| | - M Anwar Hossain
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh
- Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Munawar Sultana
- Department of Microbiology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, 1000, Bangladesh.
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Gingras H, Peillard-Fiorente F, Godin C, Patron K, Leprohon P, Ouellette M. New Resistance Mutations Linked to Decreased Susceptibility to Solithromycin in Streptococcus pneumoniae Revealed by Chemogenomic Screens. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0039523. [PMID: 37409958 PMCID: PMC10433811 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00395-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Two strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, one expressing the methyltransferase Erm(B) and the other negative for erm(B), were selected for solithromycin resistance in vitro either with direct drug selection or with chemical mutagenesis followed by drug selection. We obtained a series of mutants that we characterized by next-generation sequencing. We found mutations in various ribosomal proteins (L3, L4, L22, L32, and S4) and in the 23S rRNA. We also found mutations in subunits of the phosphate transporter, in the DEAD box helicase CshB, and in the erm(B)L leader peptide. All mutations were shown to decrease solithromycin susceptibility when transformed into sensitive isolates. Some of the genes derived from our in vitro screens were found to be mutated also in clinical isolates with decreased susceptibility to solithromycin. While many mutations were in coding sequences, some were found in regulatory regions. These included novel phenotypic mutations in the intergenic regions of the macrolide resistance locus mef(E)/mel and in the vicinity of the ribosome binding site of erm(B). Our screens highlighted that macrolide-resistant S. pneumoniae can easily acquire resistance to solithromycin, and they revealed many new phenotypic mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Gingras
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Flora Peillard-Fiorente
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Chantal Godin
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Kevin Patron
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe Leprohon
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc Ouellette
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec City, Québec, Canada
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3
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Comparative genomics of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae CC320/271 serotype 19F/19A before the introduction of pneumococcal vaccine in India. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 48:3265-3276. [PMID: 33876375 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06353-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of multi drug resistant clone CC320 serotype19F/19A and their capsular (cps) antigenic variants due to selective pressures such as vaccine had been reported worldwide. Hence, it is important to identify the prevalent clones, sequence types and cps variants of serotype 19F/19A in India, where PCV13 has been recently introduced. Multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) was performed for all (n = 21) invasive S. pneumoniae isolates of serotype 19A (n = 5) and 19F (n = 16) collected between the years 2012 and 2018 from children less than 5 years. The genome characterization by whole genome sequencing for the Sequence types (STs) 320 and 271(n = 7) were performed and compared with another six Indian WGSs of similar STs available from the GPS platform. The predominant STs in the serotype 19F/19A study isolates were of CC320: ST 320, 236 and 271, associated with PMEN clone Taiwan19F-14. The WGSs of CC320 study isolates showed high genomic similarity to the Taiwan19F-14 clone, and the penicillin binding protein (PBP) amino acid sequence similarity was 100% for PBP1A, 93% for PBP 2B and 2X. Whilst PBP comparison with other global MDR ST320 strains revealed that the ST320 clones in India are of low-level penicillin resistance. The presence of a few ST320/19A/19F invasive isolates with high similarity to the Taiwan clone suggests slow and gradual expansion of Taiwan19F-14 associated CC320 clones in India. Since serotype 19F/19A is covered by PCV13 vaccine, the expansion of 19F/19A cones with non-PCV13 vaccine serotype in India should be monitored.
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Gingras H, Patron K, Leprohon P, Ouellette M. Azithromycin resistance mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae as revealed by a chemogenomic screen. Microb Genom 2020; 6. [PMID: 33074087 PMCID: PMC7725334 DOI: 10.1099/mgen.0.000454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on the combination of chemical mutagenesis, azithromycin selection and next-generation sequencing (Mut-Seq) for the identification of small nucleotide variants that decrease the susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae to the macrolide antibiotic azithromycin. Mutations in the 23S ribosomal RNA or in ribosomal proteins can confer resistance to macrolides and these were detected by Mut-Seq. By concentrating on recurrent variants, we could associate mutations in genes implicated in the metabolism of glutamine with decreased azithromycin susceptibility among S. pneumoniae mutants. Glutamine synthetase catalyses the transformation of glutamate and ammonium into glutamine and its chemical inhibition is shown to sensitize S. pneumoniae to antibiotics. A mutation affecting the ribosomal-binding site of a putative ribonuclease J2 is also shown to confer low-level resistance. Mut-Seq has the potential to reveal chromosomal changes enabling high resistance as well as novel events conferring more subtle phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Gingras
- Axe des Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Kévin Patron
- Axe des Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe Leprohon
- Axe des Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc Ouellette
- Axe des Maladies Infectieuses et Immunitaires du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
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5
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Zhang C, Ju Y, Tang N, Li Y, Zhang G, Song Y, Fang H, Yang L, Feng J. Systematic analysis of supervised machine learning as an effective approach to predicate β-lactam resistance phenotype in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Brief Bioinform 2020; 21:1347-1355. [PMID: 31192359 DOI: 10.1093/bib/bbz056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most common human respiratory pathogen, and β-lactam antibiotics have been employed to treat infections caused by S. pneumoniae for decades. β-lactam resistance is steadily increasing in pneumococci and is mainly associated with the alteration in penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) that reduce binding affinity of antibiotics to PBPs. However, the high variability of PBPs in clinical isolates and their mosaic gene structure hamper the predication of resistance level according to the PBP gene sequences. In this study, we developed a systematic strategy for applying supervised machine learning to predict S. pneumoniae antimicrobial susceptibility to β-lactam antibiotics. We combined published PBP sequences with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values as labelled data and the sequences from NCBI database without MIC values as unlabelled data to develop an approach, using only a fragment from pbp2x (750 bp) and a fragment from pbp2b (750 bp) to predicate the cefuroxime and amoxicillin resistance. We further validated the performance of the supervised learning model by constructing mutants containing the randomly selected pbps and testing more clinical strains isolated from Chinese hospital. In addition, we established the association between resistance phenotypes and serotypes and sequence type of S. pneumoniae using our approach, which facilitate the understanding of the worldwide epidemiology of S. pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaodong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Singapore Centre for Environmental Life Sciences Engineering, Nanyang Technological University 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yingjiao Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Na Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hailing Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Yang
- School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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6
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Leonard A, Möhlis K, Schlüter R, Taylor E, Lalk M, Methling K. Exploring metabolic adaptation of Streptococcus pneumoniae to antibiotics. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2020; 73:441-454. [PMID: 32210362 PMCID: PMC7292801 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-020-0296-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The Gram-positive bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae is one of the common causes of community acquired pneumonia, meningitis, and otitis media. Analyzing the metabolic adaptation toward environmental stress conditions improves our understanding of its pathophysiology and its dependency on host-derived nutrients. In this study, extra- and intracellular metabolic profiles were evaluated to investigate the impact of antimicrobial compounds targeting different pathways of the metabolome of S. pneumoniae TIGR4Δcps. For the metabolomics approach, we analyzed the complex variety of metabolites by using 1H NMR, HPLC-MS, and GC–MS as different analytical techniques. Through this combination, we detected nearly 120 metabolites. For each antimicrobial compound, individual metabolic effects were detected that often comprised global biosynthetic pathways. Cefotaxime altered amino acids metabolism and carbon metabolism. The purine and pyrimidine metabolic pathways were mostly affected by moxifloxacin treatment. The combination of cefotaxime and azithromycin intensified the stress response compared with the use of the single antibiotic. However, we observed that three cell wall metabolites were altered only by treatment with the combination of the two antibiotics. Only moxifloxacin stress-induced alternation in CDP-ribitol concentration. Teixobactin-Arg10 resulted in global changes of pneumococcal metabolism. To meet the growing requirements for new antibiotics, our metabolomics approach has shown to be a promising complement to other OMICs investigations allowing insights into the mode of action of novel antimicrobial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Leonard
- Institute for Biochemistry, Metabolomics, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Kevin Möhlis
- Institute for Biochemistry, Metabolomics, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Rabea Schlüter
- Imaging Center of the Department of Biology, University of Greifswald, F.-L-Jahn-Str. 15, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Edward Taylor
- University of Lincoln, School of Life Sciences, Green Lane, LN67DL, Lincoln, England, United Kingdom
| | - Michael Lalk
- Institute for Biochemistry, Metabolomics, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17489, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Karen Methling
- Institute for Biochemistry, Metabolomics, University of Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17489, Greifswald, Germany.
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7
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Yu W, Li D, Li H, Tang Y, Tang H, Ma X, Liu Z. Absence of tmRNA Increases the Persistence to Cefotaxime and the Intercellular Accumulation of Metabolite GlcNAc in Aeromonas veronii. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2020; 10:44. [PMID: 32185140 PMCID: PMC7058587 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial persisters are a small proportion of phenotypically heterogeneous variants with the transient capability to survive in high concentrations of antibiotics, causing recurrent infections in both human and aquatic animals. Transfer-messenger RNA (tmRNA), which was encoded by the ssrA gene, was identified as a determinant regulator mediating the persistence to β-lactams in the pathogenic Aeromonas veronii C4. The deletion of tmRNA exhibited the increased ability of persister formation most probably due to the reduction of protein synthesis. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that the absence of tmRNA not only significantly elevated the intercellular levels of metabolite GlcNAc and promoted NaCl osmotic tolerance, but also upregulated the expression of metabolic genes in both the upstream biosynthesis pathway and the downstream metabolic flux of peptidoglycan (PG) biosynthesis. Finally, exogenous GlcNAc stimulated significant bacterial growth, enhanced content of GlcNAc in the cell wall, higher resistance to osmotic response, and higher persistence to cefotaxime in a concentration-dependent manner, implying its potential role in promoting the multiple phenotypes observed in tmRNA deletion strains. Taken together, these results hint at a potential mechanism of persister formation mediated by tmRNA against the β-lactam challenges in A. veronii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China.,School of Tropical Crops, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Daiyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Hong Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Yanqiong Tang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Hongqian Tang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Xiang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, China
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8
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Dickinson AW, Power A, Hansen MG, Brandt KK, Piliposian G, Appleby P, O'Neill PA, Jones RT, Sierocinski P, Koskella B, Vos M. Heavy metal pollution and co-selection for antibiotic resistance: A microbial palaeontology approach. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 132:105117. [PMID: 31473413 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Frequent and persistent heavy metal pollution has profound effects on the composition and activity of microbial communities. Heavy metals select for metal resistance but can also co-select for resistance to antibiotics, which is a global health concern. We here document metal concentration, metal resistance and antibiotic resistance along a sediment archive from a pond in the North West of the United Kingdom covering over a century of anthropogenic pollution. We specifically focus on zinc, as it is a ubiquitous and toxic metal contaminant known to co-select for antibiotic resistance, to assess the impact of temporal variation in heavy metal pollution on microbial community diversity and to quantify the selection effects of differential heavy metal exposure on antibiotic resistance. Zinc concentration and bioavailability was found to vary over the core, likely reflecting increased industrialisation around the middle of the 20th century. Zinc concentration had a significant effect on bacterial community composition, as revealed by a positive correlation between the level of zinc tolerance in culturable bacteria and zinc concentration. The proportion of zinc resistant isolates was also positively correlated with resistance to three clinically relevant antibiotics (oxacillin, cefotaxime and trimethoprim). The abundance of the class 1 integron-integrase gene, intI1, marker for anthropogenic pollutants correlated with the prevalence of zinc- and cefotaxime resistance but not with oxacillin and trimethoprim resistance. Our microbial palaeontology approach reveals that metal-contaminated sediments from depths that pre-date the use of antibiotics were enriched in antibiotic resistant bacteria, demonstrating the pervasive effects of metal-antibiotic co-selection in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A W Dickinson
- College of Life and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK; UK Centre for Astrobiology, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - A Power
- Biocatalysis Centre, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - M G Hansen
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - K K Brandt
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - G Piliposian
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - P Appleby
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - P A O'Neill
- Welcome Trust Biomedical Informatics Hub, Geoffrey Pope Building, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - R T Jones
- School of Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Amory Building, Rennes Drive, Exeter, UK
| | - P Sierocinski
- College of Life and Environmental Science, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
| | - B Koskella
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - M Vos
- European Centre for Environment and Human Health, College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Penryn, UK
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9
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Santerre Henriksen A, Smart JI, Hamed K. Susceptibility to ceftobiprole of respiratory-tract pathogens collected in the United Kingdom and Ireland during 2014-2015. Infect Drug Resist 2018; 11:1309-1320. [PMID: 30214251 PMCID: PMC6118268 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s176369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) can cause significant morbidity and mortality and are becoming increasingly difficult to treat because of the growing prevalence of resistance to conventional antimicrobial agents. This study aimed to assess the current in vitro susceptibility of respiratory tract pathogens collected from the UK and Ireland to ceftobiprole, an advanced-generation cephalosporin, as compared with other antibiotics. Methods Pathogens isolated from patients with LRTIs were analyzed as part of the British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Programme during 2014–2015. Antibiotic susceptibility was evaluated using European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing breakpoints, including the ceftobiprole pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic non-species-specific breakpoint when species-specific breakpoints were not available. Results One thousand one hundred and sixty-eight isolates from community-onset LRTIs and 1,264 isolates from hospital-onset LRTIs were analyzed. The ceftobiprole susceptibility rate was 99.8% (428/429) for Streptococcus pneumoniae, 100% (502/502) for Haemophilus influenzae, and 99.6% (236/237) for Moraxella catarrhalis. All Staphylococcus aureus isolates, including methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA; N=181) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA; N=35), were susceptible to ceftobiprole. Overall, ceftobiprole susceptibility was observed in 88.1% (215/244) of Escherichia coli isolates, 83.4% (156/187) of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates and 86.7% (98/113) of Enterobacter spp. isolates. Conclusion Ceftobiprole had in vitro activity against all S. aureus (both MSSA and MRSA) isolates, and almost all S. pneumoniae isolates, as well as against Gram-negative bacteria associated with community-onset or hospital-onset LRTIs. Based on this analysis, ceftobiprole is a good treatment option when broad-spectrum antibiotic coverage is needed for LRTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer I Smart
- Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd., Basel 4005, Switzerland,
| | - Kamal Hamed
- Basilea Pharmaceutica International Ltd., Basel 4005, Switzerland,
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10
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Jindal HM, Ramanathan B, Le CF, Gudimella R, Razali R, Manikam R, Sekaran SD. Comparative genomic analysis of ten clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae collected from a Malaysian hospital reveal 31 new unique drug-resistant SNPs using whole genome sequencing. J Biomed Sci 2018; 25:15. [PMID: 29448938 PMCID: PMC5815235 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-018-0414-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Streptococcus pneumoniae or pneumococcus is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, specifically in relation to community-acquired pneumonia. Due to the overuse of antibiotics, S. pneumoniae has developed a high degree of resistance to a wide range of antibacterial drugs. Methods In this study, whole genome sequencing (WGS) was performed for 10 clinical strains of S. pneumoniae with different levels of sensitivity to standard antibiotics. The main objective was to investigate genetic changes associated with antibiotic resistance in S. pneumoniae. Results Our results showed that resistant isolates contain a higher number of non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) as compared to susceptible isolates. We were able to identify SNPs that alter a single amino acid in many genes involved in virulence and capsular polysaccharide synthesis. In addition, 90 SNPs were only presented in the resistant isolates, and 31 SNPs were unique and had not been previously reported, suggesting that these unique SNPs could play a key role in altering the level of resistance to different antibiotics. Conclusion Whole genome sequencing is a powerful tool for comparing the full genome of multiple isolates, especially those closely related, and for analysing the variations found within antibiotic resistance genes that lead to differences in antibiotic sensitivity. We were able to identify specific mutations within virulence genes related to resistant isolates. These findings could provide insights into understanding the role of single nucleotide mutants in conferring drug resistance. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12929-018-0414-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Mahmood Jindal
- Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Babu Ramanathan
- Department of Biological Sciences, School of Science and Technology, Sunway University, 47500, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Cheng Foh Le
- School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, 43500, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Rozaimi Razali
- Sengenics HIR, University Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rishya Manikam
- Department of Trauma and Emergency, University Malaya Medical Centre, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shamala Devi Sekaran
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, 42610, Jenjarom, Malaysia.
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11
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Sekyere JO, Asante J. Emerging mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria and fungi: advances in the era of genomics. Future Microbiol 2018; 13:241-262. [PMID: 29319341 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2017-0172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteria and fungi continue to develop new ways to adapt and survive the lethal or biostatic effects of antimicrobials through myriad mechanisms. Novel antibiotic resistance genes such as lsa(C), erm(44), VCC-1, mcr-1, mcr-2, mcr-3, mcr-4, bla KLUC-3 and bla KLUC-4 were discovered through comparative genomics and further functional studies. As well, mutations in genes that hitherto were unknown to confer resistance to antimicrobials, such as trm, PP2C, rpsJ, HSC82, FKS2 and Rv2887, were shown by genomics and transcomplementation assays to mediate antimicrobial resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecium, Saccharomyces cerevisae, Candida glabrata and Mycobacterium tuberculosis, respectively. Thus, genomics, transcriptomics and metagenomics, coupled with functional studies are the future of antimicrobial resistance research and novel drug discovery or design.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Osei Sekyere
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Jonathan Asante
- Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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12
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van der Linden M, Rutschmann J, Maurer P, Hakenbeck R. PBP2a in β-Lactam-Resistant Laboratory Mutants and Clinical Isolates: Disruption Versus Reduced Penicillin Affinity. Microb Drug Resist 2017; 24:718-731. [PMID: 29195053 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2017.0302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in PBP2a have been recognized in cefotaxime-resistant laboratory mutants and β-lactam-resistant clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. DNA sequencing revealed fundamental differences between these two settings. Internal stop codons in pbp2a occurred in all three laboratory mutants analyzed, caused by a mutation in pbp2a of mutant C604, and tandem duplications within pbp2a resulting in premature stop codons in another two mutants C403 and C406. In contrast, mosaic PBP2a genes were observed in several penicillin-resistant clinical isolates from South Africa, the Czech Republic, Hungary, and in the clone Poland23F-16, with sequence blocks diverging from sensitive strains by over 4%. Most of these pbp2a variants except pbp2a from the South African strain contained sequences related to pbp2a of Streptococcus mitis B6, confirming that this species serves as reservoir for penicillin-resistance determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark van der Linden
- 1 Department of Medical Microbiology, German National Reference Center for Streptococci , Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Patrick Maurer
- 3 School of Engineering, University of Applied Sciences , Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Regine Hakenbeck
- 4 Department of Microbiology, University of Kaiserslautern , Kaiserslautern, Germany
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13
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El Khoury JY, Boucher N, Bergeron MG, Leprohon P, Ouellette M. Penicillin induces alterations in glutamine metabolism in Streptococcus pneumoniae. Sci Rep 2017; 7:14587. [PMID: 29109543 PMCID: PMC5673960 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15035-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Penicillin is a bactericidal antibiotic that inhibits the synthesis of the peptidoglycan by targeting penicillin-binding proteins. This study aimed to assess through transcriptional profiling the stress response of S. pneumoniae strains after exposure to lethal penicillin concentrations to understand further the mode of action of penicillin. Two experimental designs (time-course and dose-response) were used for monitoring the effect of penicillin on the transcriptional profile. The expression of some genes previously shown to be modulated by penicillin was altered, including ciaRH, pstS and clpL. Genes of the glnRA and glnPQ operons were among the most downregulated genes in the three strains. These genes are involved in glutamine synthesis and uptake and LC-MS work confirmed that penicillin treatment increases the intracellular glutamine concentrations. Glutamine conferred a protective role against penicillin when added to the culture medium. Glutamine synthetase encoded by glnA catalyses the transformation of glutamate and ammonium into glutamine and its chemical inhibition by the inhibitor L-methionine sulfoximine is shown to sensitize S. pneumoniae to penicillin, including penicillin-resistant clinical isolates. In summary, a combination of RNA-seq and metabolomics revealed that penicillin interferes with glutamine metabolism suggesting strategies that could eventually be exploited for combination therapy or for reversal of resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Y El Khoury
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Nancy Boucher
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Michel G Bergeron
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe Leprohon
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Marc Ouellette
- Centre de Recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada.
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14
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Ellington MJ, Ekelund O, Aarestrup FM, Canton R, Doumith M, Giske C, Grundman H, Hasman H, Holden MTG, Hopkins KL, Iredell J, Kahlmeter G, Köser CU, MacGowan A, Mevius D, Mulvey M, Naas T, Peto T, Rolain JM, Samuelsen Ø, Woodford N. The role of whole genome sequencing in antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacteria: report from the EUCAST Subcommittee. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 23:2-22. [PMID: 27890457 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Whole genome sequencing (WGS) offers the potential to predict antimicrobial susceptibility from a single assay. The European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing established a subcommittee to review the current development status of WGS for bacterial antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST). The published evidence for using WGS as a tool to infer antimicrobial susceptibility accurately is currently either poor or non-existent and the evidence / knowledge base requires significant expansion. The primary comparators for assessing genotypic-phenotypic concordance from WGS data should be changed to epidemiological cut-off values in order to improve differentiation of wild-type from non-wild-type isolates (harbouring an acquired resistance). Clinical breakpoints should be a secondary comparator. This assessment will reveal whether genetic predictions could also be used to guide clinical decision making. Internationally agreed principles and quality control (QC) metrics will facilitate early harmonization of analytical approaches and interpretive criteria for WGS-based predictive AST. Only data sets that pass agreed QC metrics should be used in AST predictions. Minimum performance standards should exist and comparative accuracies across different WGS laboratories and processes should be measured. To facilitate comparisons, a single public database of all known resistance loci should be established, regularly updated and strictly curated using minimum standards for the inclusion of resistance loci. For most bacterial species the major limitations to widespread adoption for WGS-based AST in clinical laboratories remain the current high-cost and limited speed of inferring antimicrobial susceptibility from WGS data as well as the dependency on previous culture because analysis directly on specimens remains challenging. For most bacterial species there is currently insufficient evidence to support the use of WGS-inferred AST to guide clinical decision making. WGS-AST should be a funding priority if it is to become a rival to phenotypic AST. This report will be updated as the available evidence increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Ellington
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - O Ekelund
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and the EUCAST Development Laboratory, Kronoberg Region, Central Hospital, Växjö, Sweden
| | - F M Aarestrup
- National Food Institute, Research Group for Genomic Epidemiology, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - R Canton
- Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Ramón y Cajal and Instituto Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Doumith
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - C Giske
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Grundman
- University Medical Centre Freiburg, Infection Prevention and Hospital Hygiene, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - H Hasman
- Statens Serum Institute, Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - M T G Holden
- School of Medicine, Medical & Biological Sciences, North Haugh, University of St Andrews, UK
| | - K L Hopkins
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, UK
| | - J Iredell
- Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Marie Bashir Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - G Kahlmeter
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and the EUCAST Development Laboratory, Kronoberg Region, Central Hospital, Växjö, Sweden
| | - C U Köser
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - A MacGowan
- Department of Medical Microbiology, North Bristol NHS Trust, Southmead Hospital, Bristol, UK
| | - D Mevius
- Central Veterinary Institute (CVI) part of Wageningen University and Research Centre (WUR), Lelystad, The Netherlands; Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Mulvey
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
| | - T Naas
- French National Reference Centre for Antibiotic Resistance, Bacteriology-Hygiene unit, Hôpital Bicêtre, APHP, LabEx LERMIT, University Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - T Peto
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - J-M Rolain
- PU-PH des Disciplines Pharmaceutiques, 1-URMITE CNRS IRD UMR 6236, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Valorization and Transfer, Aix Marseille Université, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, Marseille, France
| | - Ø Samuelsen
- Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Detection of Antimicrobial Resistance, University Hospital of North Norway, Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, Tromsø, Norway
| | - N Woodford
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections (AMRHAI) Reference Unit, National Infection Service, Public Health England, London, UK.
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15
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Gorni C, Allemand D, Rossi D, Mariani P. Microbiome profiling in fresh-cut products. Trends Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2015.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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16
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Leprohon P, Gingras H, Ouennane S, Moineau S, Ouellette M. A genomic approach to understand interactions between Streptococcus pneumoniae and its bacteriophages. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:972. [PMID: 26582495 PMCID: PMC4652380 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-2134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bacteriophage replication depends on bacterial proteins and inactivation of genes coding for such host factors should interfere with phage infection. To gain further insights into the interactions between S. pneumoniae and its pneumophages, we characterized S. pneumoniae mutants selected for resistance to the virulent phages SOCP or Dp-1. RESULTS S. pneumoniae R6-SOCP(R) and R6-DP1(R) were highly resistant to the phage used for their selection and no cross-resistance between the two phages was detected. Adsorption of SOCP to R6-SOCP(R) was partly reduced whereas no difference in Dp-1 adsorption was noted on R6-DP1(R). The replication of SOCP was completely inhibited in R6-SOCP(R) while Dp-1 was severely impaired in R6-DP1(R). Genome sequencing identified 8 and 2 genes mutated in R6-SOCP(R) and R6-DP1(R), respectively. Resistance reconstruction in phage-sensitive S. pneumoniae confirmed that mutations in a GntR-type regulator, in a glycerophosphoryl phosphodiesterase and in a Mur ligase were responsible for resistance to SOCP. The three mutations were additive to increase resistance to SOCP. In contrast, resistance to Dp-1 in R6-DP1(R) resulted from mutations in a unique gene coding for a type IV restriction endonuclease. CONCLUSION The characterization of mutations conferring resistance to pneumophages highlighted that diverse host genes are involved in the replication of phages from different families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Leprohon
- Centre de recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec, QC, Canada, , G1V 4G2. .,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, 1050, avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC, Canada, , G1V 0A6.
| | - Hélène Gingras
- Centre de recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec, QC, Canada, , G1V 4G2. .,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, 1050, avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC, Canada, , G1V 0A6.
| | - Siham Ouennane
- Département de Biochimie, Microbiologie et Bio-informatique and PROTEO, Faculté des Sciences et Génie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada. .,Félix d'Hérelle Reference Center for Bacterial Viruses and GREB, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Sylvain Moineau
- Département de Biochimie, Microbiologie et Bio-informatique and PROTEO, Faculté des Sciences et Génie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada. .,Félix d'Hérelle Reference Center for Bacterial Viruses and GREB, Faculté de Médecine Dentaire, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada.
| | - Marc Ouellette
- Centre de recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Université Laval, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec, QC, Canada, , G1V 4G2. .,Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, 1050, avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC, Canada, , G1V 0A6.
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17
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Induced tigecycline resistance inStreptococcus pneumoniaemutants reveals mutations in ribosomal proteins and rRNA. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70:2973-80. [DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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18
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Lupien A, Gingras H, Bergeron MG, Leprohon P, Ouellette M. Multiple mutations and increased RNA expression in tetracycline-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae as determined by genome-wide DNA and mRNA sequencing. J Antimicrob Chemother 2015; 70:1946-59. [PMID: 25862682 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkv060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to characterize chromosomal mutations associated with resistance to tetracycline in Streptococcus pneumoniae. METHODS Chronological appearance of mutations in two S. pneumoniae R6 mutants (R6M1TC-5 and R6M2TC-4) selected for resistance to tetracycline was determined by next-generation sequencing. A role for the mutations identified was confirmed by reconstructing resistance to tetracycline in a S. pneumoniae R6 WT background. RNA sequencing was performed on R6M1TC-5 and R6M2TC-4 and the relative expression of genes was reported according to R6. Differentially expressed genes were classified according to their ontology. RESULTS WGS of R6M1TC-5 and R6M2TC-4 revealed mutations in the gene rpsJ coding for the ribosomal protein S10 and in the promoter region and coding sequences of the ABC genes patA and patB. These cells were cross-resistant to ciprofloxacin. Resistance reconstruction confirmed a role in resistance for the mutations in rpsJ and patA. Overexpression of the ABC transporter PatA/PatB or mutations in the coding sequence of patA contributed to resistance to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin and ethidium bromide, and was associated with a decreased accumulation of [(3)H]tetracycline. Comparative transcriptome profiling of the resistant mutants further revealed that, in addition to the overexpression of patA and patB, several genes of the thiamine biosynthesis and salvage pathway were increased in the two mutants, but also in clinical isolates resistant to tetracycline. This overexpression most likely contributes to the tetracycline resistance phenotype. CONCLUSIONS The combination of genomic and transcriptomic analysis coupled to functional studies has allowed the discovery of novel tetracycline resistance mutations in S. pneumoniae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andréanne Lupien
- Centre de recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Hélène Gingras
- Centre de recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Michel G Bergeron
- Centre de recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Philippe Leprohon
- Centre de recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marc Ouellette
- Centre de recherche en Infectiologie du Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec and Département de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
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Molecular analysis of pbp2b in Streptococcus pneumonia isolated from clinical and normal flora samples. Curr Microbiol 2014; 70:206-11. [PMID: 25274412 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-014-0704-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/19/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important bacterial pathogen responsible for respiratory infections, bacteraemia, and meningitis remains an important cause of disease and mortality in infants and younger children around the world, with penicillin being considered the drug of choice for the treatment of infections. However, penicillin-resistant S. pneumonia is now becoming endemic worldwide. In this study, a total of 80 pneumococcal isolates were collected from different clinical sources as well as normal flora. These isolates were subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing and MIC determination. The penicillin-binding proteins, pbp2b, were amplified by PCR, and they were sequenced. The genetic relationship of the penicillin-resistant isolates was performed by BOX PCR. Overall, 36 pneumococcal (45 %) isolates were found to be resistant to penicillin with different MICs. The majority of them (80 %) were intermediately resistant with MIC of 0.12-1 µg/ml, whereas 20 % of isolates were penicillin resistant with MICs of >2 µg/ml. The results identified seven groups which were based on the amino acid substitutions of pbp2b. Sequencing analysis revealed that the most prevalent mutation was the substitution of Adenine for Thymine at the position 445 which is next to the second PBP2b-conserved motif (SSN). This study indicates that resistance to penicillin appears to be dependent on specific mutations in pbp2b, and the substitution in S620 → T near to the third PBP2b-conserved motif appears to be important in developing highly antibiotic-resistant isolates. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between the mutations in pbp2b gene and MIC.
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20
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Meiers M, Volz C, Eisel J, Maurer P, Henrich B, Hakenbeck R. Altered lipid composition in Streptococcus pneumoniae cpoA mutants. BMC Microbiol 2014; 14:12. [PMID: 24443834 PMCID: PMC3901891 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-14-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Penicillin-resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae is mainly due to alterations in genes encoding the target enzymes for beta-lactams, the penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs). However, non-PBP genes are altered in beta-lactam-resistant laboratory mutants and confer decreased susceptibility to beta-lactam antibiotics. Two piperacillin resistant laboratory mutants of Streptococcus pneumoniae R6 contain mutations in the putative glycosyltransferase gene cpoA. The CpoA gene is part of an operon including another putative glycosyltransferase gene spr0982, both of which being homologous to glycolipid synthases present in other Gram-positive bacteria. RESULTS We now show that the cpoA mutants as well as a cpoA deletion mutant are defective in the synthesis of galactosyl-glucosyl-diacylglycerol (GalGlcDAG) in vivo consistent with the in vitro function of CpoA as α-GalGlcDAG synthase as shown previously. In addition, the proportion of phosphatidylglycerol increased relative to cardiolipin in cpoA mutants. Moreover, cpoA mutants are more susceptible to acidic stress, have an increased requirement for Mg(2+) at low pH, reveal a higher resistance to lysis inducing conditions and are hypersensitive to bacitracin. CONCLUSIONS The data show that deficiency of the major glycolipid GalGlcDAG causes a pleitotropic phenotype of cpoA mutant cells consistent with severe membrane alterations. We suggest that the cpoA mutations selected with piperacillin are directed against the lytic response induced by the beta-lactam antibiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Regine Hakenbeck
- Department of Microbiology, University of Kaiserslautern, Gottlieb-Daimler-Strasse, Gebäude 23, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
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