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Fong W, Timms V, Sim E, Pey K, Nguyen T, Sintchenko V. Genomic and transcriptomic variation in Bordetella spp. following induction of erythromycin resistance. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022; 77:3016-3025. [PMID: 35971665 PMCID: PMC9616548 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The emergence of macrolide resistance in Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of pertussis, due to mutations in the 23S rRNA gene has been recently recognized. However, resistance mechanisms to macrolides in Bordetella parapertussis and Bordetella holmesii remain unknown. Objectives This study investigated genomic changes induced by in vitro exposure to erythromycin in these three main pathogens responsible for pertussis-like disease. Methods A set of 10 clinical and reference strains of B. pertussis, B. parapertussis and B. holmesii was exposed to erythromycin for 15 weeks or 30 subculture passages. Antibiotic pressure was achieved by growth on the selective media with erythromycin Etest strips or impregnated discs. Genome polymorphisms and transcriptomic profiles were examined by short- and long-read sequencing of passaged isolates. Results B. parapertussis and B. holmesii isolates developed significant in vitro resistance to erythromycin (MIC >256 mg/L) within 2 to 7 weeks and at 5 to 12 weeks, respectively. B. pertussis remained phenotypically susceptible to the antibiotic following 15 weeks of exposure, with the MIC between 0.032 to 0.38 mg/L. Genomic analysis revealed that B. holmesii developed resistance due to mutations in the 23S rRNA gene. The resistance mechanism in B. parapertussis was hypothesized as being due to upregulation of an efflux pump mechanism. Conclusions These findings indicate that both B. holmesii and B. parapertussis can be more prone to induced resistance following exposure to treatment with erythromycin than B. pertussis. The surveillance of macrolide resistance in Bordetella isolates recovered from patients with pertussis, especially persistent disease, is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Winkie Fong
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology-Public Health, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Verlaine Timms
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology-Public Health, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,Neilan Laboratory of Microbial and Molecular Diversity, College of Engineering, Science and Environment, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Eby Sim
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology-Public Health, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,Microbial Genomics Reference Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Keenan Pey
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology-Public Health, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Institute of Infectious Diseases, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Trang Nguyen
- Microbial Genomics Reference Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Vitali Sintchenko
- Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology-Public Health, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,Microbial Genomics Reference Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology Laboratory Services, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Institute of Infectious Diseases, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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Wu X, Zhang L, Lv Z, Xin F, Dong W, Liu G, Li Y, Jia H. N-acyl-homoserine lactones in extracellular polymeric substances from sludge for enhanced chloramphenicol-degrading anode biofilm formation in microbial fuel cells. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 207:112649. [PMID: 34979128 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.112649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Exploring an efficient acclimation strategy to obtain robust bioanodes is of practical significance for antibiotic wastewater treatment by bioelectrochemical systems (BESs). This study investigated the effects of two acclimation conditions on chloramphenicol (CAP)-degrading anode biofilm formation in microbial fuel cells (MFCs). The one was continuously added the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) extracted from anaerobic sludge and increasing concentrations of CAP after the first start-up phase, while the other was added the EPS-1 (N-acyl-homoserine lactones, namely AHLs were extracted from the EPS) at the same conditions. The results demonstrated that AHLs in the sludge EPS played a crucial role for enhanced CAP-degrading anode biofilm formation in MFCs. The AHL-regulation could not only maintain stable voltage outputs but also significantly accelerate CAP removal in the EPS MFC. The maximum voltage of 653.83 mV and CAP removal rate of 1.21 ± 0.05 mg/L·h were attained from the EPS MFC at 30 mg/L of CAP, which were 0.84 and 1.57 times higher than those from the EPS-1 MFC, respectively. These improvements were largely caused by the thick and 3D structured biofilm, strong and homogeneous cell viability throughout the biofilm, and high protein/polysaccharide ratio along with more conductive contents in the biofilm EPS. Additionally, AHLs facilitated the formation of a biofilm with rich biodiversity and balanced bacterial proportions, leading to more beneficial mutualism among different functional bacteria. More bi-functional bacteria (for electricity generation and antibiotic resistance/degradation) were specifically enriched by AHLs as well. These findings provide quorum sensing theoretical knowledge and practical instruction for rapid antibiotic-degrading electrode biofilm acclimation in BESs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiayuan Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
| | - Lina Zhang
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zuopeng Lv
- The Key Laboratory of Biotechnology for Medicinal Plants of Jiangsu Province, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Fengxue Xin
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Weiliang Dong
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Guannan Liu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China; Frontier Technology Research Institute, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 301700, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Honghua Jia
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211816, China.
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Villalba M, Venturelli L, Arnal L, Masson C, Dietler G, Vela ME, Yantorno O, Kasas S. Effect of antibiotics on mechanical properties of Bordetella pertussis examined by atomic force microscopy. Micron 2022; 155:103229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2022.103229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Nagarakanti S, Bishburg E. Coinfection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and Bordetella bronchiseptica Pneumonia in a Renal Transplant Patient. Cureus 2021; 13:e13113. [PMID: 33728132 PMCID: PMC7935691 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Bordetella species cause respiratory infections in both humans and animals. Bordetella bronchiseptica (B. bronchiseptica) infection is an uncommon pathogen in humans. The clinical spectrum of infections with SARS-CoV-2 includes viral pneumonia of variable severity, with some patients developing acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), requiring mechanical ventilation support. Transplant patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) infection have high mortality. Bacterial coinfection, including pneumonia, have been described in patients with COVID-19. We present a renal transplant patient with COVID-19 pneumonia who developed B. bronchiseptica superinfection and had a rapid clinical and radiological response to azithromycin treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandhya Nagarakanti
- Internal Medicine/Infectious Disease, Newark Beth Israel Medical Center, Newark, USA
| | - Eliahu Bishburg
- Internal Medicine/Infectious Disease, Newark Beth Israel Medical Center, Newark, USA
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Olsen RJ, Zhu L, Musser JM. A Single Amino Acid Replacement in Penicillin-Binding Protein 2X in Streptococcus pyogenes Significantly Increases Fitness on Subtherapeutic Benzylpenicillin Treatment in a Mouse Model of Necrotizing Myositis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2020; 190:1625-1631. [PMID: 32407732 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Invasive strains of Streptococcus pyogenes with significantly reduced susceptibility to β-lactam antibiotics have been recently described. These reports have caused considerable concern in the international infectious disease, medical microbiology, and public health communities because S. pyogenes has remained universally susceptible to β-lactam antibiotics for 70 years. Virtually all analyzed strains had single amino acid replacements in penicillin-binding protein 2X (PBP2X), a major target of β-lactam antibiotics in pathogenic bacteria. We used isogenic strains to test the hypothesis that a single amino acid replacement in PBP2X conferred a fitness advantage in a mouse model of necrotizing myositis. We determined that when mice were administered intermittent subtherapeutic dosing of benzylpenicillin, the strain with a Pro601Leu amino acid replacement in PBP2X that confers reduced β-lactam susceptibility in vitro was more fit, as assessed by the magnitude of colony-forming units recovered from disease tissue. These data provide important pathogenesis information that bears on this emerging global infectious disease problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall J Olsen
- Center for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas; Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Luchang Zhu
- Center for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas
| | - James M Musser
- Center for Molecular and Translational Human Infectious Diseases Research, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, Texas; Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.
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Adamus-Białek W, Wawszczak M, Arabski M, Majchrzak M, Gulba M, Jarych D, Parniewski P, Głuszek S. Ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin, and aminoglycosides stimulate genetic and phenotypic changes in uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. Virulence 2020; 10:260-276. [PMID: 30938219 PMCID: PMC6527016 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2019.1596507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic therapy and its consequences in bacterial and human aspects are widely investigated. Despite this, the emergence of new multidrug resistant bacteria is still a current problem. The scope of our work included the observation of changes among uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains after the treatment with a subinhibitory concentration of different antibiotics. The sensitive strains with or without virulence factors were incubated with amoxicillin, ciprofloxacin, gentamycin, or tobramycin. After each passage, the E. coli derivatives were compared to their wild types based on their susceptibility profiles, virulence genes, biofilm formations and the fingerprint profiles of PCR products amplified with using the (N)(6)(CGG)(4) primer. It turned out that antibiotics caused significant changes in the repertoire of bacterial virulence and biofilm formation, corresponding to acquired cross-resistance. The genomic changes among the studied bacteria were reflected in the changed profiles of the CGG-PCR products. In conclusion, the inappropriate application of antibiotics may cause a rapid rise of Multidrug Resistant (MDR) strains and give bacteria a chance to modulate their own pathogenicity. This phenomenon has been easily observed among uropathogenic E. coli strains and it is one of the main reasons for recurrent infections of the urinary tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Adamus-Białek
- a Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursery with Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Jan Kochanowski University , Kielce , Poland
| | - Monika Wawszczak
- a Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursery with Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Jan Kochanowski University , Kielce , Poland
| | - Michał Arabski
- b Department of Biochemistry & Genetics , Jan Kochanowski University , Kielce , Poland
| | - Michał Majchrzak
- a Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursery with Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Jan Kochanowski University , Kielce , Poland
| | - Martyna Gulba
- a Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursery with Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Jan Kochanowski University , Kielce , Poland
| | - Dariusz Jarych
- c Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences , Łódź , Poland
| | - Paweł Parniewski
- c Institute of Medical Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences , Łódź , Poland
| | - Stanisław Głuszek
- a Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursery with Laboratory of Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences , Jan Kochanowski University , Kielce , Poland
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Gestal MC, Howard LK, Dewan K, Johnson HM, Barbier M, Bryant C, Soumana IH, Rivera I, Linz B, Blas-Machado U, Harvill ET. Enhancement of immune response against Bordetella spp. by disrupting immunomodulation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:20261. [PMID: 31889098 PMCID: PMC6937331 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56652-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 12/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Well-adapted pathogens must evade clearance by the host immune system and the study of how they do this has revealed myriad complex strategies and mechanisms. Classical bordetellae are very closely related subspecies that are known to modulate adaptive immunity in a variety of ways, permitting them to either persist for life or repeatedly infect the same host. Exploring the hypothesis that exposure to immune cells would cause bordetellae to induce expression of important immunomodulatory mechanisms, we identified a putative regulator of an immunomodulatory pathway. The deletion of btrS in B. bronchiseptica did not affect colonization or initial growth in the respiratory tract of mice, its natural host, but did increase activation of the inflammasome pathway, and recruitment of inflammatory cells. The mutant lacking btrS recruited many more B and T cells into the lungs, where they rapidly formed highly organized and distinctive Bronchial Associated Lymphoid Tissue (BALT) not induced by any wild type Bordetella species, and a much more rapid and strong antibody response than observed with any of these species. Immunity induced by the mutant was measurably more robust in all respiratory organs, providing completely sterilizing immunity that protected against challenge infections for many months. Moreover, the mutant induced sterilizing immunity against infection with other classical bordetellae, including B. pertussis and B. parapertussis, something the current vaccines do not provide. These findings reveal profound immunomodulation by bordetellae and demonstrate that by disrupting it much more robust protective immunity can be generated, providing a pathway to greatly improve vaccines and preventive treatments against these important pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica C Gestal
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America.
| | - Laura K Howard
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Kalyan Dewan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Hannah M Johnson
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Mariette Barbier
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cell Biology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, United States of America
- Vaccine Development Center at West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, West Virginia, United States of America
| | - Clare Bryant
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, United Kingdom
| | - Illiassou Hamidou Soumana
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Israel Rivera
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Bodo Linz
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Uriel Blas-Machado
- Department of Pathology, Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America
| | - Eric T Harvill
- Department of Infectious Diseases, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America.
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Abstract
This essay is written from the vantage point of the microbial world. While the focus of much thought in the microbial pathogenesis and infectious diseases fields has been on the impact of host-microbe interaction on the host, here we ask questions about what happens to the microbe. This essay is written from the vantage point of the microbial world. While the focus of much thought in the microbial pathogenesis and infectious diseases fields has been on the impact of host-microbe interaction on the host, here we ask questions about what happens to the microbe. What are the costs and benefits for microbes of having the capacity for virulence? Our exploration of this topic leads us to conclude that virulence confers very few benefits for microbes, unless disease is necessary for microbial survival through host-to-host spread. In fact, the capacity for virulence is often fraught with risk for microbes, including host dependence and the threat of extinction. The costs of virulence may explain why, relative to their enormous numbers in nature, very few microbes are actually associated with human and animal disease.
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