1
|
Tang X, Xiong K, Zeng Y, Fang R. The Mechanism of Zinc Oxide in Alleviating Diarrhea in Piglets after Weaning: A Review from the Perspective of Intestinal Barrier Function. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:10040. [PMID: 39337525 PMCID: PMC11432186 DOI: 10.3390/ijms251810040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Weaning is one of the most challenging phases for piglets, and it is also the time when piglets are the most susceptible to diarrhea, which may result in significant economic losses for pig production. One of the dietary strategies for reducing post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) in piglets is to provide them with a pharmacological dose of zinc oxide (ZnO). However, excessive or long-term usage of high-dose ZnO has significant impacts on pig health and the ecological environment. Therefore, caution should be exercised when considering the use of high-dose ZnO for the prevention or treatment of PWD in piglets. In this paper, the significant role of zinc in animal health, the potential mode of action of ZnO in alleviating diarrhea, and the impact of innovative, highly efficient ZnO alternatives on the regulation of piglet diarrhea were reviewed to offer insights into the application of novel ZnO in pig production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopeng Tang
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertfication Control, School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China;
| | - Kangning Xiong
- State Engineering Technology Institute for Karst Desertfication Control, School of Karst Science, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China;
| | - Yan Zeng
- Key Laboratory for Information System of Mountainous Areas and Protection of Ecological Environment, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang 550025, China;
| | - Rejun Fang
- College of Animal Science, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Fan Y, Zhou W, Li G, Liu X, Zhong P, Liu K, Liu Y, Wang D. Protective effects of sodium humate and its zinc and selenium chelate on the oxidative stress, inflammatory, and intestinal barrier damage of Salmonella Typhimurium-challenged broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103541. [PMID: 38471228 PMCID: PMC11067757 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of dietary administration of sodium humate (HNa) and its zinc and selenium chelate (Zn/Se-HNa) in mitigating Salmonella Typhimurium (S. Typhi) induced intestinal injury in broiler chickens. Following the gavage of 109 CFU S. Typhi to 240 broilers from 21-d to 23-d aged, various growth performance parameters such as body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI), and feed ratio (FCR) were measured before and after infection. Intestinal morphology was assessed to determine the villus height, crypt depth, and chorionic cryptologic ratio. To evaluate intestinal barrier integrity, levels of serum diamine oxidase (DAO), D-lactic acid, tight junction proteins, and the related genes were measured in each group of broilers. An analysis was conducted on inflammatory-related cytokines, oxidase activity, and Nuclear Factor Kappa B (NF-κB) and Nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway-related proteins and mRNA expression. The results revealed a significant decrease in BW, ADG, and FCR in S. typhi-infected broilers. HNa tended to increase FCR (P = 0.056) while the supplementation of Zn/Se-HNa significantly restored BW and ADG (P < 0.05). HNa and Zn/Se-HNa exhibit favorable and comparable effects in enhancing the levels of serum DAO, D-lactate, and mRNA and protein expression of jejunum and ileal tight junction. In comparison to HNa, Zn/Se-HNa demonstrates a greater reduction in S. Typhi shedding in feces, as well as superior efficacy in enhancing the intestinal morphology, increasing serum catalase (CAT) activity, inhibiting pro-inflammatory cytokines, and suppressing the activation of the NF-κB pathway. Collectively, Zn/Se-HNa was a more effective treatment than HNa to alleviate adverse impact of S. Typhi infection in broiler chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Fan
- Department of Veterinary Clinic, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Wenzhu Zhou
- Department of Veterinary Clinic, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Guili Li
- Qiqihar Center for Disease Control and Prevention Qiqihar, China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China
| | - Peng Zhong
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, Branch of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qiqihar, China
| | - Kexin Liu
- Department of Veterinary Clinic, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Department of Veterinary Clinic, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Veterinary Clinic, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Mechanism for Animal Disease and Comparative Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang X, Hou Y, Huang Y, Chen W, Zhang H. Interplay between zinc and cell proliferation and implications for the growth of livestock. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2023; 107:1402-1418. [PMID: 37391879 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/02/2023]
Abstract
Zinc (Zn) plays a critical role in the growth of livestock, which depends on cell proliferation. In addition to modifying the growth associated with its effects on food intake, mitogenic hormones, signal transduction and gene transcription, Zn also regulates body weight gain through mediating cell proliferation. Zn deficiency in animals leads to growth inhibition, along with an arrest of cell cycle progression at G0/G1 and S phase due to depression in the expression of cyclin D/E and DNA synthesis. Therefore, in the present study, the interplay between Zn and cell proliferation and implications for the growth of livestock were reviewed, in which Zn regulates cell proliferation in several ways, especially cell cycle progression at the G0/G1 phase DNA synthesis and mitosis. During the cell cycle, the Zn transporters and major Zn binding proteins such as metallothioneins are altered with the requirements of cellular Zn level and nuclear translocation of Zn. In addition, calcium signaling, MAPK pathway and PI3K/Akt cascades are also involved in the process of Zn-interfering cell proliferation. The evidence collected over the last decade highlights the necessity of Zn for normal cell proliferation, which suggests Zn supplementation should be considered for the growth and health of poultry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangli Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yuhuang Hou
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yanqun Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huaiyong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Key Laboratory of Animal Biochemistry and Nutrition, Ministry of Agriculture, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Department of Animal Sciences and Aquatic Ecology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Yao R, Li R, Huang Y. Zinc homeostasis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:126. [PMID: 36943461 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-023-03473-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Most metal ions such as iron, calcium, zinc, or copper are essential for all eukaryotes. Organisms must maintain homeostasis of these metal ions because excess or deficiency of metal ions could cause damage to organisms. The steady state of many metal ions such as iron and copper has been well studied in detail. However, how to regulate zinc homeostasis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe is still confusing. In this review, we provide an overview of the molecular mechanisms that how S. pombe is able to maintain the balance of zinc levels in the changes of environment. In response to high levels of zinc, the transcription factor Loz1 represses the expression of several genes involved in the acquisition of zinc. Meanwhile, the CDF family proteins transport excess zinc to the secretory pathway. When zinc levels are limited, Loz1 was inactivated and could not inhibit the expression of zinc acquisition genes, and zinc stored in the secretory pathway is released for use by the cells. Besides, other factors that regulate zinc homeostasis are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wen Yuanuan Rd, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Rongrong Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wen Yuanuan Rd, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wen Yuanuan Rd, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhu X, Shang X, Lin G, Li H, Feng X, Zhang H. Effects of Zinc Glycinate on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indexes, and Intestinal Morphology of Yellow Feather Broilers. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4089-4097. [PMID: 34739674 PMCID: PMC9374618 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02990-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of zinc glycinate (Gly-Zn) on growth performance, serum biochemical index, intestinal morphology, and hepatic metallothionein (MT) mRNA expression in the liver of yellow feather broilers. A total of 540 18-day-old yellow feather broilers were randomly divided into three groups: control group (basal diet), ZnSO4 group (basal diet plus 60 mg Zn/kg from ZnSO4), and Gly-Zn group (basal diet plus 60 mg Zn/kg from zinc glycinate). Each treatment group had 6 replicates with 30 birds in each replicate. The experiment lasted for 42 days (18 to 59 days of age). The results showed that Gly-Zn supplementation significantly improved the average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) of broilers during 18 to 39 days of age compared with that in the control group (P < 0.05) but not different from the ZnSO4 group. The Gly-Zn group had higher glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) (P < 0.05) and lower malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations than the broilers in the control and ZnSO4 group. It was also observed that zinc content in the tibia of Gly-Zn group broilers was higher than the control and ZnSO4 group (P < 0.05). The results of intestinal morphology parameters showed that the Gly-Zn group significantly increased the villus height in duodenum and jejunum (P < 0.05) and decreased crypt depth in duodenum and ileum compared to the control group. However, there were no significant differences between the Gly-Zn group and ZnSO4 group in duodenum and ileum regarding intestinal morphology parameters. The Gly-Zn group significantly increased mRNA expression of MT in the liver than both control and ZnSO4 groups (P < 0.05). Collectively, the results indicated that supplementing 60 mg Zn/kg through zinc glycinate improved growth performance and serum indexes as well as intestinal morphology of yellow feather broilers. It also regulates MT gene expression more effectively than the ZnSO4 group at the transcriptional level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoping Zhu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, China
| | - Xiuguo Shang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, China
| | - Guozhao Lin
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, China
| | - Haojie Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, China
| | - Xin Feng
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, China
| | - Huihua Zhang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, 528231, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yu L, Yi J, Chen Y, Huang M, Zhu N. Relative Bioavailability of Broiler Chickens Fed with Zinc Hydroxychloride and Sulfate Sources for Corn-Soybean Meal. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:4114-4125. [PMID: 34825318 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-03013-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to determine relative bioavailability (RBV) of basic zinc chloride (BZC) compared to zinc sulfate monohydrate (ZSM) for broilers. A randomized design involving a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of the different treatment regimens plus one negative control was set up for this study. A total of 630 newly hatched male AA broiler chicks were randomly allocated to 42 different pens (15 chickens/pen) and assigned to 7 dietary treatments in a completely randomized design. The diet was supplemented with 0, 20, 40, or 80 mg of Zn mg/kg of feed in the form of ZSM or BZC. The results showed that zinc supplementation altered average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P < 0.05) for both zinc sources. It was observed that the weight gain increased linearly (P < 0.01) and FCR decreased linearly as dietary BZC and ZSM concentration increased. Moreover, compared with chickens fed with ZSM, chickens fed with BZC had higher ADG and lower FCR from days 0 to 14 (P < 0.05), and higher activity of plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (P < 0.05), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), and CuZn superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD) (P < 0.01) in the plasma of chickens fed with BZC at zinc level 80 mg/kg at day 14. The pancreas divalent metal-ion transporter-1 (DMT1) mRNA expression of chickens fed with BZC was found to be significantly enhanced at day 28, and the pancreas metallothionein (MT) mRNA expression for BZC fed group was also markedly increased at Zn levels of 20 and 40 mg/kg respectively. The relative bioavailability (RBV) of BZC (Zn sulfate 100%) based on ADG in the starter phase was 110.82%, whereas the tibia zinc content, as well as the activities of plasma ALP and CuZn-SOD, and the pancreas MT mRNA level were in the range between 108 and 119%. It was thus concluded that BZC was more efficacious than Zn sulfate and could serve as a potentially novel zinc source in the broilers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Longfei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Yi
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Nianhua Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, 330045, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Song Y, Liu K, Su W, Hou S, Che T, Tan M. Construction and evaluation of an iron delivery system by ultra-small nanoparticles from roast sturgeon (Acipenser schrenckiid). Food Funct 2021; 12:1147-1155. [DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02746d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A new type of ultra-small food-borne nanoparticles with multiple functional groups from roast sturgeon were prepared, which had potential as efficient nanocarriers for Fe(ii) delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Song
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Ganjingzi District
- China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
| | - Kangjing Liu
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Ganjingzi District
- China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
| | - Wentao Su
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Ganjingzi District
- China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
| | - Shuai Hou
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Ganjingzi District
- China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
| | - Tongtong Che
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Ganjingzi District
- China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
| | - Mingqian Tan
- School of Food Science and Technology
- Dalian Polytechnic University
- Ganjingzi District
- China
- National Engineering Research Center of Seafood
| |
Collapse
|