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Meng Q, Mitra S, Del Rosario I, Jerrett M, Janzen C, Devaskar SU, Ritz B. Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites and their association with oxidative stress among pregnant women in Los Angeles. Environ Health 2024; 23:68. [PMID: 39138494 PMCID: PMC11321171 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-024-01107-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been linked to adverse birth outcomes that have been reported to be induced by oxidative stress, but few epidemiological studies to date have evaluated associations between urinary PAH metabolites and oxidative stress biomarkers in pregnancy and identified critical periods for these outcomes and PAH exposures in pregnancy. METHODS A cohort of pregnant women was recruited early in pregnancy from antenatal clinics at the University of California Los Angeles during 2016-2019. We collected urine samples up to three times during pregnancy in a total of 159 women enrolled in the cohort. A total of 7 PAH metabolites and 2 oxidative stress biomarkers [malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)] were measured in all available urine samples. Using multiple linear regression models, we estimated the percentage change (%) and 95% confidence interval (CI) in 8-OHdG and MDA measured at each sample collection time per doubling of PAH metabolite concentrations. Furthermore, we used linear mixed models with a random intercept for participant to estimate the associations between PAH metabolite and oxidative stress biomarker concentrations across multiple time points in pregnancy. RESULTS Most PAH metabolites were positively associated with both urinary oxidative stress biomarkers, MDA and 8-OHdG, with stronger associations in early and late pregnancy. A doubling of each urinary PAH metabolite concentration increased MDA concentrations by 5.8-41.1% and 8-OHdG concentrations by 13.8-49.7%. Linear mixed model results were consistent with those from linear regression models for each gestational sampling period. CONCLUSION Urinary PAH metabolites are associated with increases in oxidative stress biomarkers during pregnancy, especially in early and late pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Meng
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sanjali Mitra
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Irish Del Rosario
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Michael Jerrett
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Carla Janzen
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Sherin U Devaskar
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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Chango G, García-Gómez D, García Pinto C, Rodríguez-Gonzalo E, Pérez Pavón JL. Rapid and reliable quantification of urinary malondialdehyde by HILIC-MS/MS: A derivatization-free breakthrough approach. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1311:342737. [PMID: 38816151 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of fast analytical methods is crucial for the research, discovery, and confirmation of crucial biomarkers. Furthermore, the implementation of fast analytical strategies contributes to efficient and time-effective procedures. In this sense, analysis of malondialdehyde (MDA) has become an important tool for understanding the role of oxidative stress in various diseases and for evaluating the efficacy of therapeutic interventions. RESULTS A rapid and robust liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method (HPLC-MS/MS) has been developed to determine endogenous amounts of malondialdehyde (MDA) in human urine without any associated derivatization reaction. MDA was separated in 4 min through a Urea-HILIC column and was analyzed using a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer in negative electrospray ionization mode. With a 50-fold dilution as the only sample pretreatment after alkaline hydrolysis, no matrix effect was present, which allowed for a fast and simple quantification by means of an external standard calibration with a limit of detection of 0.20 ng mL-1. The whole methodology was validated by analyzing unspiked and spiked urine samples from ten healthy individuals and comparing with the results obtained by the standard addition method. MDA was detected in all cases, with natural concentrations varying from 0.11 ± 0.03 to 0.31 ± 0.03 mg g-1 creatinine. Accuracies were found to be satisfactory, ranging from 95 % to 101 %. The proposed method also exhibited good repeatability and reproducibility (RSD<15 %) for four quality control levels. SIGNIFICANCE The main significance of this method is the avoidance of a derivatization reaction for the determination of urinary MDA, this constituting a step forward when compared with previous literature. This breakthrough not only streamlines time analysis to less than 5 min per sample but also results in a more robust procedure. Consequently, the method here developed could be applied to subsequent future research involving the determination of MDA as a lipid peroxidation biomarker, where simple, rapid, and reliable methods could represent a significant improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Chango
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Diego García-Gómez
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008, Salamanca, Spain.
| | - Carmelo García Pinto
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Encarnación Rodríguez-Gonzalo
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
| | - José Luis Pérez Pavón
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Salamanca, 37008, Salamanca, Spain
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Wu Y, Cai J, Pang B, Cao L, He Q, He Q, Zhang A. Bioinformatic Identification of Signaling Pathways and Hub Genes in Vascular Dementia. ACTAS ESPANOLAS DE PSIQUIATRIA 2024; 52:83-98. [PMID: 38622006 PMCID: PMC11015743 DOI: 10.62641/aep.v52i2.1601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vascular dementia (VaD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease characterized by cognitive impairment due to cerebrovascular factors, affecting a significant portion of the aging population and highlighting the critical need to understand specific targets and mechanisms for effective prevention and treatment strategies. We aimed to identify pathways and crucial genes involved in the progression of VaD through bioinformatics analysis and subsequently validate these findings. METHODS We conducted differential expression analysis, Weighted Gene Co-expression Network Analysis (WGCNA), Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis, and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) analysis. We utilized pheochromocytoma 12 (PC12) cells to create an in vitro oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) model. We investigated the impact of overexpression and interference of adrenoceptor alpha 1D (ADRA1D) on OGD PC12 cells using TdT-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL), reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR), western blot (WB), and Fluo-3-pentaacetoxymethyl ester (Fluo-3 AM) analysis. RESULTS We found 187 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the red module that were strongly associated with VaD and were primarily enriched in vasoconstriction, G protein-coupled amine receptor activity, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathway, and cell adhesion. Among these pathways, we identified ADRA1D as a gene shared by vasoconstriction, G protein-coupled amine receptor activity, and neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction. The TUNEL assay revealed a significant decrease in PC12 cell apoptosis with ADRA1D overexpression (p < 0.01) and a significant increase in apoptosis upon silencing ADRA1D (p < 0.01). RT-qPCR and WB analysis revealed elevated ADRA1D expression (p < 0.001) and decreased phospholipase C beta (PLCβ) and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor (IP3R) expression (p < 0.05) with ADRA1D overexpression. Moreover, the Fluo-3 AM assessment indicated significantly lower intracellular Ca2+ levels with ADRA1D overexpression (p < 0.001). Conversely, interference with ADRA1D yielded opposite results. CONCLUSION Our study provides a new perspective on the pathogenic mechanisms of VaD and potential avenues for therapeutic intervention. The results highlight the role of ADRA1D in modulating cellular responses to OGD and VaD, suggesting its potential as a target for VaD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhua Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 550002 Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 550002 Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Bo Pang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 550002 Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Liping Cao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 550002 Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Qiankun He
- The First School of Clinical Medicine of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 550001 Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Qiansong He
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 550002 Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Anbang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 550002 Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Meng Q, Mitra S, Del Rosario I, Jerrett M, Janzen C, Devaskar SU, Ritz B. Urinary polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites and their association with oxidative stress among pregnant women in Los Angeles. RESEARCH SQUARE 2024:rs.3.rs-4119505. [PMID: 38562764 PMCID: PMC10984082 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-4119505/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been linked to adverse birth outcomes, but few epidemiological studies to date have evaluated associations between urinary PAH metabolites and oxidative stress biomarkers in pregnancy. Methods We measured a total of 7 PAH metabolites and 2 oxidative stress biomarkers (malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)) in urine samples collected up to three times during pregnancy in 159 women enrolled at antenatal clinics at the University of California Los Angeles during 2016-2019. Using multiple linear regression models, we estimated the percentage change (%) and 95% confidence interval (CI) in 8-OHdG and MDA measured at each sample collection time per doubling of PAH metabolite concentrations. Results Most PAH metabolites were positively associated with both urinary oxidative stress biomarkers, MDA and 8-OHdG, with stronger associations in early and late pregnancy. Women pregnant with male fetuses exhibited slightly larger increases in both MDA and 8-OHdG in association with PAH exposures in early and late pregnancy. Conclusion Urinary OH-PAH biomarkers are associated with increases in oxidative stress during pregnancy, especially in early and late pregnancy. Sex differences in associations between PAH exposures and oxidative stress need to be further explored in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Meng
- University of California, Los Angeles
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Kanamori K, Ahmad SM, Hamid A, Lutfy K. Chronic Exposure to E-Cigarettes Elevates CYP2A5 Activity, Protein Expression, and Cotinine-Induced Production of Reactive Oxygen Species in Mice. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:171-179. [PMID: 38195520 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Coumarin 7'-hydroxylase activity, a specific marker of CYP2A5 activity, and the protein level were measured in liver microsomes of male mice after chronic exposure to e-cigarettes (e-cigs) (2.4% nicotine). After exposure for 240 minutes per day for 5 days, the activity and the protein level in preproenkephalin (ppENK)-heterozygous [ppENK (+/-)] mice were significantly elevated (P <0.05) compared with the untreated control. This elevation was not due to deletion of the ppENK gene because the activity did not differ among untreated ppENK (+/-), ppENK (-/-), and wild-type ppENK (+/+) controls. Hence, the elevation can reasonably be attributed to nicotine exposure. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) upon incubation of the hepatic microsomes of these mice with cotinine was higher in microsomes from the e-cig-treated mice compared with the untreated controls (P < 0.01). Liquid chromatography mass spectrometry assay showed three oxidation products of cotinine, viz trans 3'-hydroxycotinine (3'-HC), 5'-hydroxycotinine (5'-HC), and cotinine N-oxide (CNO) in the plasma of these mice. The result identifies these three oxidation reactions as the source of the observed ROS and also shows that, in nicotine-treated mice, the appropriate "nicotine metabolite ratio" is (3'-HC + 5'-HC + CNO)/cotinine. The results suggest intriguing possibilities that 1) this metabolite ratio may correlate with plasma nicotine clearance and hence impact nicotine's psychoactive effects and 2) chronic e-cig treatment causes ROS-induced oxidative stress, which may play a major role in the regulation of CYP2A5 expression. Our present results clearly show that both the activity and the protein level of CYP2A5 are elevated by repeated exposure to nicotine. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Nicotine, the psychoactive ingredient of tobacco, is eliminated as the oxidation products of cotinine in reactions catalyzed by the enzymes CYP2A5 in mice and CYP2A6 in humans. This study shows that repeated exposure to e-cigarettes elevates the level of CYP2A5 and the formation of reactive oxygen species. The results suggest an intriguing possibility that CYP2A5 may be upregulated by chronic nicotine exposure due to oxidative stress caused by the oxidation of cotinine in this preclinical model of human smokers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Kanamori
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California (K.K., S.M.A., A.H., K.L.) and Lab Launch, Monrovia, California (K.K.)
| | - Syed M Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California (K.K., S.M.A., A.H., K.L.) and Lab Launch, Monrovia, California (K.K.)
| | - Abdul Hamid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California (K.K., S.M.A., A.H., K.L.) and Lab Launch, Monrovia, California (K.K.)
| | - Kabirullah Lutfy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, California (K.K., S.M.A., A.H., K.L.) and Lab Launch, Monrovia, California (K.K.)
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do Nascimento MP, Marchiori Berlande B, Guedes Fraga Lopes M, Cardoso de Lima MF, Teodoro de Souza C, Leal de Oliveira MA. Malondialdehyde Analysis in Biological Samples by Capillary Electrophoresis: The State of Art. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2023:1-13. [PMID: 38147303 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2023.2296948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation occurs when substances, such as reactive oxygen species, attack lipids. Polyunsaturated fatty acids are the main targets. Several products are formed, including primary products such as lipid hydroperoxides and secondary products such as malondialdehyde (MDA), the most used lipid peroxidation biomarker. As MDA levels are elevated in several diseases, MDA is an essential indicator for assessing pathological states. The thiobarbituric acid reactive substances assay is the most widely used method for MDA determination. However, it lacks specificity. Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) is a separation technique that has been used to quantify MDA in biological samples. This technique has advantages such as the low amount of biological sample required, absence or low volume of organic solvent, short analysis time, separation of interferents, sample preparation step with only protein precipitation, and the possibility of direct detection of the MDA, without derivatization. To our knowledge, this review article is the first to show the CE background for analyzing MDA in biological samples. Therefore, given the potential of MDA in evaluating pathological states, this article demonstrates the potential of CE to become a reference method for MDA determination in clinical analysis laboratories, which will play a significant role in diagnosing and monitoring diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Patrícia do Nascimento
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria - GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Bruna Marchiori Berlande
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria - GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Marina Guedes Fraga Lopes
- Post Graduate program in Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Medicine School, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Mário Flávio Cardoso de Lima
- Post Graduate program in Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Medicine School, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Claudio Teodoro de Souza
- Post Graduate program in Health, Department of Internal Medicine, Medicine School, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Marcone Augusto Leal de Oliveira
- Grupo de Química Analítica e Quimiometria - GQAQ, Chemistry Department, Institute of Exact Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF), Juiz de Fora, Brazil
- National Institute of Science and Technology for Bioanalytics - INCTBio, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
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Alfaro Gómez M, Fernández-Santos MDR, Jurado-Campos A, Soria-Meneses PJ, Montoro Angulo V, Soler AJ, Garde JJ, Rodríguez-Robledo V. On Males, Antioxidants and Infertility (MOXI): Certitudes, Uncertainties and Trends. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1626. [PMID: 37627621 PMCID: PMC10451353 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Male infertility (MI) involves various endogenous and exogenous facts. These include oxidative stress (OS), which is known to alter several physiological pathways and it is estimated to be present at high levels in up to 80% of infertile men. That is why since the late 20th century, the relationship between OS and MI has been widely studied. New terms have emerged, such as Male Oxidative Stress Infertility (MOSI), which is proposed as a new category to define infertile men with high OS levels. Another important term is MOXI: Male, Antioxidants, and Infertility. This term refers to the hypothesis that antioxidants could improve male fertility without the use of assisted reproductive technology. However, there are no evidence-based antioxidant treatments that directly improve seminal parameters or birth ratio. In this regard, there is controversy about their use. While certain scientists argue against their use due to the lack of results, others support this use because of their safety profile and low price. Some uncertainties related to the use of antioxidants for treating MI are their questionable efficacy or the difficulties in knowing their correct dosage. In addition, the lack of quality methods for OS detection can lead to excessive antioxidant supplementation, resulting in "reductive stress". Another important problem is that, although the inflammatory process is interdependent and closely linked to OS, it is usually ignored. To solve these uncertainties, new trends have recently emerged. These include the use of molecules with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potential, which are also able to specifically target the reproductive tissue; as well as the use of new methods that allow for reliable quantification of OS and a quality diagnosis. This review aims to elucidate the main uncertainties about MOXI and to outline the latest trends in research to develop effective therapies with clinically relevant outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Alfaro Gómez
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain;
| | - María del Rocío Fernández-Santos
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain;
- SaBio IREC (CSIC—UCLM—JCCM), Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.-C.); (P.J.S.-M.); (V.M.A.); (A.J.S.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Alejandro Jurado-Campos
- SaBio IREC (CSIC—UCLM—JCCM), Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.-C.); (P.J.S.-M.); (V.M.A.); (A.J.S.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Pedro Javier Soria-Meneses
- SaBio IREC (CSIC—UCLM—JCCM), Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.-C.); (P.J.S.-M.); (V.M.A.); (A.J.S.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Vidal Montoro Angulo
- SaBio IREC (CSIC—UCLM—JCCM), Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.-C.); (P.J.S.-M.); (V.M.A.); (A.J.S.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Ana Josefa Soler
- SaBio IREC (CSIC—UCLM—JCCM), Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.-C.); (P.J.S.-M.); (V.M.A.); (A.J.S.); (J.J.G.)
| | - José Julián Garde
- SaBio IREC (CSIC—UCLM—JCCM), Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.-C.); (P.J.S.-M.); (V.M.A.); (A.J.S.); (J.J.G.)
| | - Virginia Rodríguez-Robledo
- Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain;
- SaBio IREC (CSIC—UCLM—JCCM), Campus Universitario, 02071 Albacete, Spain; (A.J.-C.); (P.J.S.-M.); (V.M.A.); (A.J.S.); (J.J.G.)
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El-Mahdy NA, Abou-Saif S, Abd EL hamid MI, Hashem HM, Hammad MA, Abu-Risha SES. Evaluation of the effect of direct-acting antiviral agents on melatonin level and lipid peroxidation in chronic hepatitis C patients. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1128016. [PMID: 37614319 PMCID: PMC10442483 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1128016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Oxidative stress and its end products, such as malondialdehyde (MDA) play a leading role in the pathogenesis of hepatitis C. Melatonin is a hormone that helps regulate circadian rhythms, which likely play a role in infectious diseases in terms of susceptibility, clinical expression, and outcome. Objective: The present study was conducted to assess serum malondialdehyde and melatonin levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C infection before and after the intake of direct-acting antivirals. Method: Forty hepatitis C patients were the subjects of this study. While ten healthy volunteers who matched in age and socioeconomic status served as the control subjects. Malondialdehyde and melatonin were assayed in the serum of the three groups, and the results were statistically analyzed. Results: Hepatitis C patients had significantly higher malondialdehyde (p < 0.001) but significantly lower melatonin (p < 0.001) as compared to the healthy controls. After 12 weeks of treatment with direct-acting antivirals, the malondialdehyde level decreased significantly (p < 0.001) and the melatonin level increased significantly (p < 0.001). A significant negative correlation between malondialdehyde and melatonin was observed. Conclusion: The present findings suggest that treatment of hepatitis C patients with Direct-acting antivirals improves liver function parameters and antioxidant profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nageh Ahmed El-Mahdy
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Sabry Abou-Saif
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | | | - Heba M. Hashem
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, El-Arish, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Anwar Hammad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha, Saudi Arabia
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Detrimental Effects of Lipid Peroxidation in Type 2 Diabetes: Exploring the Neutralizing Influence of Antioxidants. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102071. [PMID: 36290794 PMCID: PMC9598619 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid peroxidation, including its prominent byproducts such as malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), has long been linked with worsened metabolic health in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In fact, patients with T2D already display increased levels of lipids in circulation, including low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol and triglycerides, which are easily attacked by reactive oxygen molecules to give rise to lipid peroxidation. This process severely depletes intracellular antioxidants to cause excess generation of oxidative stress. This consequence mainly drives poor glycemic control and metabolic complications that are implicated in the development of cardiovascular disease. The current review explores the pathological relevance of elevated lipid peroxidation products in T2D, especially highlighting their potential role as biomarkers and therapeutic targets in disease severity. In addition, we briefly explain the implication of some prominent antioxidant enzymes/factors involved in the blockade of lipid peroxidation, including termination reactions that involve the effect of antioxidants, such as catalase, coenzyme Q10, glutathione peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase, as well as vitamins C and E.
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Lipidomics in Understanding Pathophysiology and Pharmacologic Effects in Inflammatory Diseases: Considerations for Drug Development. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12040333. [PMID: 35448520 PMCID: PMC9030008 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12040333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The lipidome has a broad range of biological and signaling functions, including serving as a structural scaffold for membranes and initiating and resolving inflammation. To investigate the biological activity of phospholipids and their bioactive metabolites, precise analytical techniques are necessary to identify specific lipids and quantify their levels. Simultaneous quantification of a set of lipids can be achieved using high sensitivity mass spectrometry (MS) techniques, whose technological advancements have significantly improved over the last decade. This has unlocked the power of metabolomics/lipidomics allowing the dynamic characterization of metabolic systems. Lipidomics is a subset of metabolomics for multianalyte identification and quantification of endogenous lipids and their metabolites. Lipidomics-based technology has the potential to drive novel biomarker discovery and therapeutic development programs; however, appropriate standards have not been established for the field. Standardization would improve lipidomic analyses and accelerate the development of innovative therapies. This review aims to summarize considerations for lipidomic study designs including instrumentation, sample stabilization, data validation, and data analysis. In addition, this review highlights how lipidomics can be applied to biomarker discovery and drug mechanism dissection in various inflammatory diseases including cardiovascular disease, neurodegeneration, lung disease, and autoimmune disease.
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Islayem D, Fakih FB, Lee S. Comparison of Colorimetric Methods to Detect Malondialdehyde, A Biomarker of Reactive Oxygen Species. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202103627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deema Islayem
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Khalifa University of Science and Technology Abu Dhabi Campus, PO Box 127788 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatima Ba Fakih
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Khalifa University of Science and Technology Abu Dhabi Campus, PO Box 127788 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center Khalifa University of Science and Technology Abu Dhabi Campus, PO Box 127788 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Sungmun Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Khalifa University of Science and Technology Abu Dhabi Campus, PO Box 127788 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
- Healthcare Engineering Innovation Center Khalifa University of Science and Technology Abu Dhabi Campus, PO Box 127788 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
- Khalifa University's Center for Biotechnology Khalifa University of Science and Technology Abu Dhabi Campus, PO Box 127788 Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
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Ma Q, Qi C, Li XL, Shi Q, Xu CY, Jin T, Min JZ. Simultaneous determination of DL-cysteine, DL-homocysteine, and glutathione in saliva and urine by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS: Application to studies of oxidative stress. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 196:113939. [PMID: 33578266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.113939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Revised: 12/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A high-sensitivity and -selectivity mass spectrometry derivatization reagent, (R)-(5-(3-isothiocyanatopyrrolidin-1-yl)-5-oxopentyl) triphenylphosphonium (NCS-OTPP), was developed for the enantiomeric separation of chiral thiol compounds as prospectively important diagnostic markers for oxidative stress-related diseases. Complete separation of GSH, DL-Cys, and DL-Hcy was achieved. The parent ions of all derivatives had a fragment of m/z 473.18 and a structure of m/z 75.95 (R-S = C-S-R'), conducive to qualitative and quantitative analysis. Good linear relationships were obtained for all analytes (R2≥ 0.9995). The intra-day and inter-day precision were 0.82-5.16 % and 1.02-4.18 % in saliva, and 0.81-3.45 % and 0.99-6.47 % in urine, with mean recoveries of 83.31-105.66 % and 84.09-101.11 %, respectively. The limit of detection (S/N = 3) was 19.20-57.60 nM. Free and total GSH, DL-Cys, and DL-Hcy were detected simultaneously in saliva and urine from 10 volunteers in the normal, stressed, and stable states by UHPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS. The thiol compounds were quantitatively related to oxidative stress state changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingkun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, and Department of Pharmacy, Department of General Surgery Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chao Qi
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, and Department of Pharmacy, Department of General Surgery Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Xi-Ling Li
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, and Department of Pharmacy, Department of General Surgery Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Qing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, and Department of Pharmacy, Department of General Surgery Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Chun-Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, and Department of Pharmacy, Department of General Surgery Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China
| | - Toufeng Jin
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, and Department of Pharmacy, Department of General Surgery Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
| | - Jun Zhe Min
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmacy Yanbian University, and Department of Pharmacy, Department of General Surgery Yanbian University Hospital, Yanji, 133002, Jilin Province, China.
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