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Ji G, Xiong Y, Li Y, Yan G, Yao J, Fang C, Lu H. Global analysis of N-myristoylation and its heterogeneity by combining N-terminomics and nanographite fluoride-based solid-phase extraction. Talanta 2024; 276:126300. [PMID: 38795647 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
N-myristoylation is one of the most widespread and important lipidation in eukaryotes and some prokaryotes, which is formed by covalently attaching various fatty acids (predominantly myristic acid C14:0) to the N-terminal glycine of proteins. Disorder of N-myristoylation is critically implicated in numerous physiological and pathological processes. Here, we presented a method for purification and comprehensive characterization of endogenous, intact N-glycine lipid-acylated peptides, which combined the negative selection method for N-terminome and the nanographite fluoride-based solid-phase extraction method (NeS-nGF SPE). After optimizing experimental conditions, we conducted the first global profiling of the endogenous and heterogeneous modification states for N-terminal glycine, pinpointing the precise sites and their associated lipid moieties. Totally, we obtained 76 N-glycine lipid-acylated peptides, including 51 peptides with myristate (C14:0), 10 with myristoleate (C14:1), 6 with tetradecadienoicate (C14:2), 5 with laurate (C12:0) and 4 with lauroleate (C12:1). Therefore, our proteomic methodology could significantly facilitate precise and in-depth analysis of the endogenous N-myristoylome and its heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanghui Ji
- Department of Chemistry and Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Yingying Xiong
- Department of Chemistry and Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China
| | - Yueyue Li
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Guoquan Yan
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Jun Yao
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China
| | - Caiyun Fang
- Department of Chemistry and Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
| | - Haojie Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, PR China; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and NHC Key Laboratory of Glycoconjugates Research, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
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Long J, Tokhunts R, Old WM, Houel S, Rodgriguez-Blanco J, Singh S, Schilling N, J Capobianco A, Ahn NG, Robbins DJ. Identification of a family of fatty-acid-speciated sonic hedgehog proteins, whose members display differential biological properties. Cell Rep 2015; 10:1280-1287. [PMID: 25732819 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Hedgehog (HH) proteins are proteolytically processed into a biologically active form that is covalently modified by cholesterol and palmitate. However, most studies of HH biogenesis have characterized protein from cells in which HH is overexpressed. We purified Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) from cells expressing physiologically relevant levels and showed that it was more potent than SHH isolated from overexpressing cells. Furthermore, the SHH in our preparations was modified with a diverse spectrum of fatty acids on its amino termini, and this spectrum of fatty acids varied dramatically depending on the growth conditions of the cells. The fatty acid composition of SHH affected its trafficking to lipid rafts as well as its potency. Our results suggest that HH proteins exist as a family of diverse lipid-speciated proteins that might be altered in different physiological and pathological contexts in order to regulate distinct properties of HH proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Long
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136.,The Sheila and David Fuente Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136
| | - Robert Tokhunts
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136.,Program in Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - William M Old
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309
| | - Stephane Houel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309
| | - Jezabel Rodgriguez-Blanco
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136
| | - Samer Singh
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136
| | - Neal Schilling
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136.,Program in Experimental and Molecular Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755
| | - Anthony J Capobianco
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136.,Sylvester Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136
| | - Natalie G Ahn
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309
| | - David J Robbins
- Molecular Oncology Program, The DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136.,Sylvester Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida 33136
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Abstract
The classical view of heterotrimeric G protein signaling places G -proteins at the cytoplasmic surface of the cell's plasma membrane where they are activated by an appropriate G protein-coupled receptor. Once activated, the GTP-bound Gα and the free Gβγ are able to regulate plasma membrane-localized effectors, such as adenylyl cyclase, phospholipase C-β, RhoGEFs and ion channels. Hydrolysis of GTP by the Gα subunit returns the G protein to the inactive Gαβγ heterotrimer. Although all of these events in the G protein cycle can be restricted to the cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane, G protein localization is dynamic. Thus, it has become increasingly clear that G proteins are able to move to diverse subcellular locations where they perform non-canonical signaling functions. This chapter will highlight our current understanding of trafficking pathways that target newly synthesized G proteins to the plasma membrane, activation-induced and reversible translocation of G proteins from the plasma membrane to intracellular locations, and constitutive trafficking of G proteins.
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Narasimhan B, Mourya V, Dhake A. Design, synthesis, antibacterial, and QSAR studies of myristic acid derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2006; 16:3023-9. [PMID: 16554156 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2006.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2005] [Revised: 02/08/2006] [Accepted: 02/21/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A series of esters and amides of myristic acid was synthesized and tested in vitro for antibacterial activity against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. All the compounds showed activity comparable to that of the standard drug, ciprofloxacin. The structural characteristics governing antibacterial activity of myristic acid derivatives was studied using QSAR methodology. The results showed that the antibacterial activity could be modeled using the topological descriptor, valence molecular connectivity index. The predictive ability of the models was cross-validated by construction of a test set. The low residual activity and high cross-validated r2 values (r(cv)2) observed indicated the predictive ability of the developed QSAR models.
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Grant JE, Guo LW, Vestling MM, Martemyanov KA, Arshavsky VY, Ruoho AE. The N terminus of GTP gamma S-activated transducin alpha-subunit interacts with the C terminus of the cGMP phosphodiesterase gamma-subunit. J Biol Chem 2006; 281:6194-202. [PMID: 16407279 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m509511200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic regulation of G-protein signaling in the phototransduction cascade ensures the high temporal resolution of vision. In a key step, the activated alpha-subunit of transducin (Galphat-GTP) activates the cGMP phosphodiesterase (PDE) by binding the inhibitory gamma-subunit (PDEgamma). Significant progress in understanding the interaction between Galphat and PDEgamma was achieved by solving the crystal structure of the PDEgamma C-terminal peptide bound to Galphat in the transition state for GTP hydrolysis (Slep, K. C., Kercher, M. A., He, W., Cowan, C. W., Wensel, T. G., and Sigler, P. B. (2001) Nature 409, 1071-1077). However, some of the structural elements of each molecule were absent in the crystal structure. We have probed the binding surface between the PDEgamma C terminus and activated Galphat bound to guanosine 5'-O-(3-thio)-triphosphate (GTPgammaS) using a series of full-length PDEgamma photoprobes generated by intein-mediated expressed protein ligation. For each of seven PDEgamma photoprobe species, expressed protein ligation allowed one benzoyl-L-phenylalaine substitution at selected hydrophobic C-terminal positions, and the addition of a biotin affinity tag at the extreme C terminus. We have detected photocross-linking from several PDEgamma C-terminal positions to the Galphat-GTPgammaS N terminus, particularly from PDEgamma residue 73. The overall percentage of cross-linking to the Galphat-GTPgammaSN terminus was analyzed using a far Western method for examining Galphat-GTPgammaS proteolytic digestion patterns. Furthermore, mass spectrometric analysis of cross-links to Galphat from a benzoyl-phenylalanine replacement at PDEgamma position 86 localized the region of photoinsertion to Galphat N-terminal residues Galphat-(22-26). This novel Galphat/PDEgamma interaction suggests that the transducin N terminus plays an active role in signal transduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer E Grant
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, 53706, USA
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