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Gattani A, Agrawal A, Khan MH, Gupta R, Singh P. Evaluation of catalytic activity of human and animal origin viral neuraminidase: Current prospect. Anal Biochem 2023; 671:115157. [PMID: 37061113 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2023.115157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/17/2023]
Abstract
With the exception of plants, almost all living organisms synthesize neuraminidase/sialidase. It is a one among the crucial proteins that controls how virulent a microorganism is. An essential enzyme in orthomyxoviruses and paramyxoviruses that destroys receptors is neuraminidase. It plays a number of roles throughout the viral life cycle in addition to one that involves the release of progeny virus particles. This protein is an important target for therapeutic interventions and diagnostic assays. Neuraminidase inhibitors effectively prevent the spread of disease and viral infection. Sensitive, quick, and inexpensive high throughput assays are needed to screen for specific neuraminidase inhibitory chemicals. To characterize the neuraminidase catalytic activity, however, the traditional assays are still the most common in laboratories. This review gives a brief overview of these neuraminidase assays and recent, innovative developments, particularly those involving biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Gattani
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Jabalpur, M.P, India.
| | - Aditya Agrawal
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Rewa, M.P, India
| | - M Hira Khan
- Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Jabalpur, M.P, India
| | - Rohini Gupta
- Department of Medicine, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Jabalpur, M.P, India
| | - Praveen Singh
- Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, 243122, Bareilly, UP, India; Biophysics Section, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, 243122, Bareilly, UP, India
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2
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Nasaev SS, Kopeykina AS, Kuznetsova KG, Levitsky LI, Moshkovskii SA. Proteomic Analysis of Zebrafish Protein Recoding via mRNA Editing by ADAR Enzymes. BIOCHEMISTRY. BIOKHIMIIA 2022; 87:1301-1309. [PMID: 36509721 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297922110098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
RNA editing by adenosine deaminases of the ADAR family can lead to protein recoding, since inosine formed from adenosine in mRNA is complementary to cytosine; the resulting codon editing might introduce amino acid substitutions into translated proteins. Proteome recoding can have functional consequences which have been described in many animals including humans. Using protein recoding database derived from publicly available transcriptome data, we identified for the first time the recoding sites in the zebrafish shotgun proteomes. Out of more than a hundred predicted recoding events, ten substitutions were found in six used datasets. Seven of them were in the AMPA glutamate receptor subunits, whose recoding has been well described, and are conserved among vertebrates. Three sites were specific for zebrafish proteins and were found in the transmembrane receptors astrotactin 1 and neuregulin 3b (proteins involved in the neuronal adhesion and signaling) and in the rims2b gene product (presynaptic membrane protein participating in the neurotransmitter release), respectively. Further studies are needed to elucidate the role of recoding of the said three proteins in the zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shamsudin S Nasaev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, 119435, Russia.,Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, Moscow, 119121, Russia
| | - Anna S Kopeykina
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia
| | | | - Lev I Levitsky
- Talrose Institute for Energy Problems of Chemical Physics, Semenov Federal Research Center for Chemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 119334, Russia
| | - Sergei A Moshkovskii
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine, Moscow, 119435, Russia. .,Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, 117997, Russia
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3
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Quirino MWL, Albuquerque APB, De Souza MFD, Da Silva Filho AF, Martins MR, Da Rocha Pitta MG, Pereira MC, De Melo Rêgo MJB. alpha2,3 sialic acid processing enzymes expression in gastric cancer tissues reveals that ST3Gal3 but not Neu3 are associated with Lauren's classification, angiolymphatic invasion and histological grade. Eur J Histochem 2022; 66. [PMID: 36172711 PMCID: PMC9577379 DOI: 10.4081/ejh.2022.3330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Despite progress in the last decades, there are still no reliable biomarkers for the diagnosis of and prognosis for GC. Aberrant sialylation is a widespread critical event in the development of GC. Neuraminidases (Neu) and sialyltransferases (STs) regulate the ablation and addition of sialic acid during glycoconjugates biosynthesis, and they are a considerable source of biomarkers in various cancers. This study retrospectively characterized Neu3 and ST3Gal3 expression by immunohistochemistry in 71 paraffin-embedded GC tissue specimens and analyzed the relationship between their expression and the clinicopathological parameters. Neu3 expression was markedly increased in GC tissues compared with non-tumoral tissues (p<0.0001). Intratumoral ST3Gal3 staining was significantly associated with intestinal subtype (p=0.0042) and was negatively associated with angiolymphatic invasion (p=0.0002) and higher histological grade G3 (p=0.0066). Multivariate analysis revealed that ST3Gal3 positivity is able to predict Lauren's classification. No associations were found between Neu3 staining and clinical parameters. The in silico analysis of mRNA expression in GC validation cohorts corroborates the significant ST3Gal3 association with higher histological grade observed in our study. These findings suggest that ST3Gal3 expression may be an indicator for aggressiveness of primary GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W L Quirino
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutical Approaches, Research Centre for -Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE.
| | - Amanda P B Albuquerque
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutical Approaches, Research Centre for -Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE.
| | - Maria F D De Souza
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutical Approaches, Research Centre for -Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE.
| | - Antônio F Da Silva Filho
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutical Approaches, Research Centre for -Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE.
| | | | - Maira G Da Rocha Pitta
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutical Approaches, Research Centre for -Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE.
| | - Michelly C Pereira
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutical Approaches, Research Centre for -Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE.
| | - Moacyr J B De Melo Rêgo
- Laboratory of Immunomodulation and New Therapeutical Approaches, Research Centre for -Therapeutic Innovation Suely Galdino (NUPIT-SG), Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE.
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4
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Miyagi T, Yamamoto K. Review sialidase NEU3 and its pathological significance. Glycoconj J 2022; 39:677-683. [PMID: 35675020 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-022-10067-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Sialidases (EC 3.2.1.18, also called neuraminidases) catalyze the removal of α-glycosidically linked sialic acid residues from glycoproteins and glycolipids; this is the initial step in the degradation of these glycoconjugates. Sialidases of mammalian origin have been implicated in not only lysosomal catabolism but also the modulation of functional molecules involved in many biological processes. To date, four types of mammalian sialidases have been cloned and designated as Neu1, Neu2, Neu3 and Neu4. These sialidases differ in their subcellular localization and enzymatic properties, as well as their chromosomal localization, and they are expressed in a tissue-specific manner. Among the sialidases, the plasma membrane-associated sialidase Neu3 appears to play particular roles in controlling transmembrane signaling through the modulation of gangliosides, and its aberrant expression is closely related to various pathogeneses, including that of cancer. Interestingly, the human orthologue NEU3 acts in two ways, catalytic hydrolysis of gangliosides and protein interactions with other signaling molecules. Aberrant NEU3 expression can induce various pathological conditions. This review briefly summarizes recent studies, focusing on the involvement of NEU3 in various pathological phenomena.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeko Miyagi
- Division of Cancer Chemotherapy, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan.
| | - Koji Yamamoto
- Faculty of Health and Medical Care, Saitama Medical University, Moroyama, Saitama, Japan
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Hirai G, Kato M, Koshino H, Nishizawa E, Oonuma K, Ota E, Watanabe T, Hashizume D, Tamura Y, Okada M, Miyagi T, Sodeoka M. Ganglioside GM3 Analogues Containing Monofluoromethylene-Linked Sialoside: Synthesis, Stereochemical Effects, Conformational Behavior, and Biological Activities. JACS AU 2021; 1:137-146. [PMID: 34467279 PMCID: PMC8395706 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.0c00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Glycoconjugates are an important class of biomolecules that regulate numerous biological events in cells. However, these complex, medium-size molecules are metabolically unstable, which hampers detailed investigations of their functions as well as their potential application as pharmaceuticals. Here we report sialidase-resistant analogues of ganglioside GM3 containing a monofluoromethylene linkage instead of the native O-sialoside linkage. Stereoselective synthesis of CHF-linked disaccharides and kinetically controlled Au(I)-catalyzed glycosylation efficiently furnished both stereoisomers of CHF-linked as well as CF 2 - and CH 2 -linked GM3 analogues. Like native GM3, the C-linked GM3 analogues inhibited the autophosphorylation of epidermal growth factor (EGF) receptor induced by EGF in vitro. Assay of the proliferation-enhancing activity toward Had-1 cells together with NMR-based conformational analysis showed that the (S)-CHF-linked GM3 analogue with exo-gauche conformation is the most potent of the synthesized compounds. Our findings suggest that exo-anomeric conformation is important for the biological functions of GM3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Go Hirai
- Graduate
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu
University, 3-1-1, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- RIKEN
Cluster for Pioneering Resaerch, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN
Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Marie Kato
- RIKEN
Cluster for Pioneering Resaerch, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Tokyo
Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Koshino
- RIKEN
Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Eri Nishizawa
- RIKEN
Cluster for Pioneering Resaerch, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Tokyo
Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Kana Oonuma
- RIKEN
Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Eisuke Ota
- RIKEN
Cluster for Pioneering Resaerch, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Toru Watanabe
- RIKEN
Cluster for Pioneering Resaerch, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hashizume
- RIKEN
Center for Emergent Matter Science, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yuki Tamura
- RIKEN
Cluster for Pioneering Resaerch, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Mitsuaki Okada
- RIKEN
Cluster for Pioneering Resaerch, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Tokyo
Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Taeko Miyagi
- Miyagi Cancer
Center Research Institute, Natori 981-1293, Japan
| | - Mikiko Sodeoka
- RIKEN
Cluster for Pioneering Resaerch, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN
Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1, Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Tokyo
Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
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Sundararaj K, Rodgers J, Angel P, Wolf B, Nowling TK. The role of neuraminidase in TLR4-MAPK signalling and the release of cytokines by lupus serum-stimulated mesangial cells. Immunology 2021; 162:418-433. [PMID: 33314123 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we demonstrated neuraminidase (NEU) activity or NEU1 expression, specifically, is increased in the kidneys of lupus mice and urine of human patients with nephritis. Additionally, NEU activity mediates IL-6 secretion from lupus-prone MRL/lpr primary mouse mesangial cells (MCs) in response to an IgG mimic. IL-6 mediates glomerular inflammation and promotes tissue damage in patients and mouse strains with lupus nephritis. This study further elucidates the mechanisms by which NEU activity and NEU1 specifically mediates the release of IL-6 and other cytokines from lupus-prone MCs. We demonstrate significantly increased release of multiple cytokines and NEU activity in MRL/lpr MCs in response to serum from MRL/lpr mice (lupus serum). Inhibiting NEU activity significantly reduced secretion of three of those cytokines: IL-6, GM-CSF and MIP1α. Message levels of Il-6 and Gm-csf were also increased in response to lupus serum and reduced when NEU activity was inhibited. Neutralizing antibodies to cell-surface receptors and MAPK inhibitors in lupus serum- or LPS-stimulated MCs indicate TLR4 and p38 or ERK MAP kinase signalling play key roles in the NEU-mediated secretion of IL-6. Significantly reduced IL-6 release was observed in C57BL/6 (B6) Neu1+/+ primary MCs compared with wild-type (Neu1+/+) B6 MCs in response to lupus serum. Additional results show inhibiting NEU activity significantly increases sialic acid-containing N-glycan levels. Together, our novel observations support a role for NEU activity, and specifically NEU1, in mediating release of IL-6 from lupus-prone MCs in response to lupus serum through a TLR4-p38/ERK MAPK signalling pathway that likely includes desialylation of glycoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamala Sundararaj
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Jessalyn Rodgers
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Peggi Angel
- Department of Cell and Molecular Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Bethany Wolf
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Tamara K Nowling
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA
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Liao C, An J, Tan Z, Xu F, Liu J, Wang Q. Changes in Protein Glycosylation in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Cancer 2021; 12:1455-1466. [PMID: 33531990 PMCID: PMC7847636 DOI: 10.7150/jca.51604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylation is an important posttranslational modification of proteins, and it has a profound influence on diverse life processes. An abnormal polysaccharide structure and mutation of the glycosylation pathway are closely correlated with human cancer progression. Glycoproteins such as EGFR, E-cadherin, CD44, PD-1/PD-L1, B7-H3 and Muc1 play important roles in the progression of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), and their levels of glycosylation and changes in glycosyl structure are closely linked to HNSCC progression and malignant transformation. The regulation of protein glycosylation in HNSCC provides potential strategies to control cancer stem cell (CSC) subgroup expansion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), tumor-related immunity escape and autophagy. Glycoproteins with altered glycosylation can be used as biomarkers for the early diagnosis, monitoring and prognostication of HNSCC. However, the glycobiology of cancer is still a new field that needs to be deeply studied, especially in HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Liao
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Jiaxing An
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Zhangxue Tan
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Fangping Xu
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Jianguo Liu
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Oral Disease Research Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, School of Stomatology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China.,Microbial Resources and Drug Development Key Laboratory of Guizhou Tertiary Institution, Life Sciences Institute, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563006, China
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8
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Identification of novel fish sialidase genes responsible for KDN-cleaving activity. Glycoconj J 2020; 37:745-753. [PMID: 32980954 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09948-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
2-keto-3-deoxy-D-glycero-D-galacto-nononic acid (KDN) is a minor component of sialic acids detected in vertebrates, such as human cancer cells, rat liver, and fish tissues. Although the enzyme activity of KDN-cleaving sialidase (KDN-sialidase) has been detected in rainbow trout, the gene responsible for its expression has not been identified in vertebrates. We evaluated sialidases in human and various fish for their KDN-cleaving activity using an artificial substrate, methylumbelliferyl-KDN (MU-KDN). Four of the human sialidases tested (NEU1, NEU2, NEU3, and NEU4) did not hydrolyze MU-KDN. Although most fish Neu1s showed negligible KDN-sialidase activity, two Neu1b sialidases from Oreochromis niloticus and Astyanax mexicanus, a paralog of Neu1, exhibited a potent KDN-sialidase activity. Further, O. niloticus and Oryzias latipes Neu3a exhibited a drastically high KDN-sialidase activity, while Danio rerio Neu3.1 showed moderate activities and other Neu3 proteins exhibited little activity. All the Neu4 sialidases tested in fish cleaved KDN and Neu5Ac from MU-KDN and MU-Neu5Ac, respectively, with equivalent potential. To our knowledge, this is the first report to identify KDN-sialidase genes in vertebrates and we believe that KDN-sialidase activity could be conserved among fish Neu4s.
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Xia QS, Lu FE, Wu F, Huang ZY, Dong H, Xu LJ, Gong J. New role for ceramide in hypoxia and insulin resistance. World J Gastroenterol 2020; 26:2177-2186. [PMID: 32476784 PMCID: PMC7235208 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v26.i18.2177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ceramides are significant metabolic products of sphingolipids in lipid metabolism and are associated with insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis. In chronic inflammatory pathological conditions, hypoxia occurs, the metabolism of ceramide changes, and insulin resistance arises. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are a family of transcription factors activated by hypoxia. In hypoxic adipocytes, HIF-1α upregulates pla2g16 (a novel HIF-1α target gene) gene expression to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and stimulate insulin resistance, and adipocyte-specific Hif1a knockout can ameliorate homocysteine-induced insulin resistance in mice. The study on the HIF-2α—NEU3—ceramide pathway also reveals the role of ceramide in hypoxia and insulin resistance in obese mice. Under obesity-induced intestinal hypoxia, HIF-2α increases the production of ceramide by promoting the expression of the gene Neu3 encoding sialidase 3, which is a key enzyme in ceramide synthesis, resulting in insulin resistance in high-fat diet-induced obese mice. Moreover, genetic and pathophysiologic inhibition of the HIF-2α—NEU3—ceramide pathway can alleviate insulin resistance, suggesting that these could be potential drug targets for the treatment of metabolic diseases. Herein, the effects of hypoxia and ceramide, especially in the intestine, on metabolic diseases are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Song Xia
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fu-Er Lu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Fan Wu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhao-Yi Huang
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Hui Dong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Li-Jun Xu
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jing Gong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
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Machala M, Procházková J, Hofmanová J, Králiková L, Slavík J, Tylichová Z, Ovesná P, Kozubík A, Vondráček J. Colon Cancer and Perturbations of the Sphingolipid Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E6051. [PMID: 31801289 PMCID: PMC6929044 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20236051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC), a major cause of cancer-related death in the western world, is accompanied with alterations of sphingolipid (SL) composition in colon tumors. A number of enzymes involved in the SL metabolism have been found to be deregulated in human colon tumors, in experimental rodent studies, and in human colon cancer cells in vitro. Therefore, the enzymatic pathways that modulate SL levels have received a significant attention, due to their possible contribution to CRC development, or as potential therapeutic targets. Many of these enzymes are associated with an increased sphingosine-1-phosphate/ceramide ratio, which is in turn linked with increased colon cancer cell survival, proliferation and cancer progression. Nevertheless, more attention should also be paid to the more complex SLs, including specific glycosphingolipids, such as lactosylceramides, which can be also deregulated during CRC development. In this review, we focus on the potential roles of individual SLs/SL metabolism enzymes in colon cancer, as well as on the pros and cons of employing the current in vitro models of colon cancer cells for lipidomic studies investigating the SL metabolism in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miroslav Machala
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (L.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Jiřina Procházková
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (L.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Jiřina Hofmanová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (Z.T.); (P.O.); (A.K.); (J.V.)
| | - Lucie Králiková
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (L.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Josef Slavík
- Department of Chemistry and Toxicology, Veterinary Research Institute, Hudcova 296/70, 62100 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.P.); (L.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Zuzana Tylichová
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (Z.T.); (P.O.); (A.K.); (J.V.)
| | - Petra Ovesná
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (Z.T.); (P.O.); (A.K.); (J.V.)
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Poštovská 68/3, 60200 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Alois Kozubík
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (Z.T.); (P.O.); (A.K.); (J.V.)
| | - Jan Vondráček
- Department of Cytokinetics, Institute of Biophysics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Královopolská 135, 61265 Brno, Czech Republic; (J.H.); (Z.T.); (P.O.); (A.K.); (J.V.)
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11
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Bacterial sialoglycosidases in Virulence and Pathogenesis. Pathogens 2019; 8:pathogens8010039. [PMID: 30909660 PMCID: PMC6471121 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens8010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Human oral microbiome and dysbiotic infections have been recently evidently identified. One of the major reasons for such dysbiosis is impairment of the immune system. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the tissues that surround and support the teeth. In the United States., approximately 65 million people are affected by this condition. Its occurrence is also associated with many important systemic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and Alzheimer’s disease. Among the most important etiologies of periodontitis is Porphyromonas gingivalis, a keystone bacterial pathogen. Keystone pathogens can orchestrate inflammatory disease by remodeling a normally benign microbiota causing imbalance between normal and pathogenic microbiota (dysbiosis). The important characteristics of P. gingivalis causing dysbiosis are its virulence factors which cause effective subversion of host defenses to its advantage allowing other pathogens to grow. Some of the mechanisms involved in these processes are still not well-understood. However, various microbial strategies target host sialoglycoproteins for immune dysregulation. In addition, the enzymes that break down sialoglycoproteins and sialoglycans are the “sialoglycoproteases”, resulting in exposed terminal sialic acid. This process could lead to pathogen-toll like receptor (TLR) interactions mediated through sialic acid receptor ligand mechanisms. Assessing the function of P. gingivalis sialoglycoproteases, could pave the way to designing carbohydrate analogues and sialic acid mimetics to serve as drug targets.
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Shiozaki K, Oishi K, Honda A. Functional Characterization of Fish Sialidases and Their Diversity among Different Orders. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2019. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.1518.1j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Shiozaki
- Department of Food Life Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Kagoshima University
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Kazuki Oishi
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University
| | - Akinobu Honda
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University
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Wei M, Wang PG. Desialylation in physiological and pathological processes: New target for diagnostic and therapeutic development. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2019; 162:25-57. [PMID: 30905454 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Desialylation is a pivotal part of sialic acid metabolism, which initiates the catabolism of glycans by removing the terminal sialic acid residues on glycans, thereby modulating the structure and functions of glycans, glycoproteins, or glycolipids. The functions of sialic acids have been well recognized, whereas the function of desialylation process is underappreciated or largely ignored. However, accumulating evidence demonstrates that desialylation plays an important role in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. This chapter summarizes the current knowledge pertaining to desialylation in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, with a focus on the underlying molecular mechanisms. The potential of targeting desialylation process for diagnostic and therapeutic development is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohui Wei
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
| | - Peng George Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
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Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs), a family of transcription factors activated by hypoxia, consist of three α-subunits (HIF1α, HIF2α and HIF3α) and one β-subunit (HIF1β), which serves as a heterodimerization partner of the HIFα subunits. HIFα subunits are stabilized from constitutive degradation by hypoxia largely through lowering the activity of the oxygen-dependent prolyl hydroxylases that hydroxylate HIFα, leading to their proteolysis. HIF1α and HIF2α are expressed in different tissues and regulate target genes involved in angiogenesis, cell proliferation and inflammation, and their expression is associated with different disease states. HIFs have been widely studied because of their involvement in cancer, and HIF2α-specific inhibitors are being investigated in clinical trials for the treatment of kidney cancer. Although cancer has been the major focus of research on HIF, evidence has emerged that this pathway has a major role in the control of metabolism and influences metabolic diseases such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Notably increased HIF1α and HIF2α signalling in adipose tissue and small intestine, respectively, promotes metabolic diseases in diet-induced disease models. Inhibition of HIF1α and HIF2α decreases the adverse diet-induced metabolic phenotypes, suggesting that they could be drug targets for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Cen Xie
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Changtao Jiang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China.
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Oliveira R, Hermo L, Pshezhetsky AV, Morales CR. Presence of aberrant epididymal tubules revealing undifferentiated epithelial cells and absence of spermatozoa in a combined neuraminidase-3 and -4 deficient adult mouse model. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0206173. [PMID: 30359429 PMCID: PMC6201937 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian neuraminidases are responsible for the removal of sialic acids from glycoproteins and glycolipids and function in a variety of biological phenomena such as lysosomal catabolism and control of cell differentiation and growth. Disruption of Neu3 and Neu4 genes has led to the generation of a mouse model revealing severe neurological disorders. In this study a morphological analysis was performed on the epididymis of 3 month-old neu3-/-neu4-/- mice as compared with wild type animals. In neu3-/-neu4-/- mice the majority of tubules of the main epididymal duct were large and lined by differentiated epithelial cells, but revealing lysosomal abnormalities in principal and basally located cells. Of particular note was the presence of aberrant epididymal tubules (ATs) juxtaposed next to the main tubules. ATs were small and of different shapes. Layers of myoid cells encased ATs, which they shared with those of the main tubules, but no interstitial space existed between the two. While some ATs were a dense mass of cells, others revealed a distinct lumen devoid of spermatozoa. The latter revealed an undifferentiated epithelium consisting of cuboidal cells and basal cells, with junctional complexes evident at the luminal front. The absence of spermatozoa from the lumen of the ATs suggests that they were not in contact with the main duct, as also implied by the undifferentiated appearance of the epithelium suggesting lack of lumicrine factors. Despite the presence of ATs, the main duct contained ample spermatozoa, as the neu3-/-neu4-/- mice were fertile. Taken together the data suggest that absence of Neu3 and Neu4 leads to defects in cell adhesion and differentiation of epithelial cells resulting in aberrant tubular offshoots that fail to remain connected with the main duct. Hence Neu3 and Neu 4 play an essential role in the guidance of epithelial cells during early embryonic formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regiana Oliveira
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University–Montreal, Canada
| | - Louis Hermo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University–Montreal, Canada
| | - Alexey V. Pshezhetsky
- Division of Medical Genetics, Centre Hospitalière Universitaire Sainte-Justine, University of Montréal—Montreal, Canada
| | - Carlos R. Morales
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, McGill University–Montreal, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Forcella M, Mozzi A, Stefanini FM, Riva A, Epistolio S, Molinari F, Merlo E, Monti E, Fusi P, Frattini M. Deregulation of sialidases in human normal and tumor tissues. Cancer Biomark 2018; 21:591-601. [PMID: 29278877 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-170548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aberrant sialylation is a characteristic feature associated with cancer. The four types of mammalian sialidases identified to date have been shown to behave in different manners during carcinogenesis. While NEU1, NEU2 and NEU4 have been observed to oppose malignant phenotypes, the membrane-bound sialidase NEU3 was revealed to promote cancer progression. OBJECTIVES With the aim of improving the knowledge about sialidases deregulation in various cancer types, we investigated the amount of NEU1, NEU3 and NEU4 transcripts in paired normal and tumor tissues from 170 patients with 11 cancer types. METHODS mRNA was extracted from patients' tissue specimens and retrotranscribed into cDNA, which was quantified by Real-Time PCR. RESULTS We found NEU1 and NEU3 to be up regulated, while NEU4 was down regulated in most cancer types. In particular, colorectal cancer tissues showed the highest increase in NEU3 expression. Both NEU1 and NEU3 showed a strong up-regulation in ovarian cancer. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that human sialidases are expressed at different levels in healthy tissues and are strongly deregulated in tumors. Moreover, sialidases expression in our European cohort showed significant differences from Asian populations. Some of these peculiar features open potential applications of sialidases in cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Forcella
- Department of Biotechnologies and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandra Mozzi
- Department of Biotechnologies and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Federico M Stefanini
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science, Applications, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Alice Riva
- Institute of Pathology, Locarno, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | - Eugenio Monti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Fusi
- Department of Biotechnologies and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.,Department of Biotechnologies and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
| | - Milo Frattini
- Institute of Pathology, Locarno, Switzerland.,Department of Biotechnologies and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy
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Yang X, Li S, Xiang S, Wu Y, Wang L, Peng J, Feng Y. [Effect of attenuated expression of neuraminidase 3 via RNA interference on the proliferation and apoptosis of osteosarcoma MG-63 cells]. ZHONGGUO XIU FU CHONG JIAN WAI KE ZA ZHI = ZHONGGUO XIUFU CHONGJIAN WAIKE ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF REPARATIVE AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY 2018; 32:887-892. [PMID: 30129313 PMCID: PMC8435967 DOI: 10.7507/1002-1892.201801077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Revised: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Objective To investigate the effect of attenuated expression of neuraminidase 3 (NEU3) via RNA interference on the proliferation and apoptosis in human osteosarcoma MG-63 cells. Methods MG-63 cells were immunostained to observe the expression of NEU3. The cells were then divided into 5 groups: MG-63 cells in normal control group (group A) were not treated; MG-63 cells in 30, 50, and 100 nmol/L NEU3 RNA interference groups (groups B, C, and D) were transfected with 30, 50, and 100 nmol/L of NEU3 small interfering RNA (siRNA); negative control group (group E), MG-63 cells were transfected with different species negative siRNA (actin siRNA of mice, 50 nmol/L). The expression level of NEU3 mRNA was measured with real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (qPCR). The proliferation of the cells was measured by cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8). The cell apoptosis rate was detected by flowcytometry (FCM). The expressions of cell apoptosis related proteins (Ras and Bcl-2) were detected by Western blot assay. Results NEU3 expressed in the cytoplasm of MG-63 cells under fluorescence microscope. The qPCR results showed that NEU3 mRNA levels were significantly lower in groups B, C, D than that in groups A and E ( P<0.05) after 24 hours of transfection; meanwhile, with the increase of siRNA concentration, NEU3 mRNA levels were significantly decreased ( P<0.05). The CCK-8 results showed that with the increase of siRNA concentration, the survival rate of MG-63 cells was significantly suppressed ( P<0.05) and the apoptosis rate of MG-63 cells was significantly accelerated ( P<0.05) after 48 hours of transfection. FCM results showed that after 24 hours of transfection, the number of live MG-63 cells decreased as that of the dead cells increased in groups B, C, D, and showing significant differences between 3 groups ( P<0.05). While the apoptosis rate in groups B, C, and D showed significant difference when compared with that of group A ( P<0.05); and when compared with group E, the apoptosis rate in groups C and D were significantly reduced ( P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between groups B and E ( P>0.05). The results of Western bolt assay showed that the protein levels of Ras and Bcl-2 in groups B and C were not significantly different from groups A and E ( P>0.05), while the protein levels of Ras and Bcl-2 were significantly decreased in group D ( P<0.05). Conclusion Attenuated expression of NEU3 could inhibit the survival of MG-63 cells and accelerate its apoptosis. The results suggest that NEU3 could be a possible target for treating osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu Sichuan, 610072, P.R.China
| | - Si Li
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Shang Xiang
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Yilun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Jin Peng
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041, P.R.China
| | - Ying Feng
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu Sichuan, 610041,
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Biological and Pathological Roles of Ganglioside Sialidases. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2018; 156:121-150. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Antibody against Microbial Neuraminidases Recognizes Human Sialidase 3 (NEU3): the Neuraminidase/Sialidase Superfamily Revisited. mBio 2017; 8:mBio.00078-17. [PMID: 28655817 PMCID: PMC5487728 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00078-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuraminidases (NAs) are critical virulence factors for several microbial pathogens. With a highly conserved catalytic domain, a microbial NA "superfamily" has been proposed. We previously reported that murine polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) sialidase activity was important in leukocyte trafficking to inflamed sites and that antibodies to Clostridium perfringens NA recognized a cell surface molecule(s), presumed to be a sialidase of eukaryotic origin on interleukin-8-stimulated human and murine PMNs. These antibodies also inhibited cell sialidase activity both in vitro and, in the latter instance, in vivo We therefore hypothesized that mammalian sialidases share structural homology and epitopes with microbial NAs. We now report that antibodies to one of the isoforms of C. perfringens NA, as well as anti-influenza virus NA serum, recognize human NEU3 but not NEU1 and that antibodies to C. perfringens NA inhibit NEU3 enzymatic activity. We conclude that the previously described microbial NA superfamily extends to human sialidases. Strategies designed to therapeutically inhibit microbial NA may need to consider potential compromising effects on human sialidases, particularly those expressed in cells of the immune system.IMPORTANCE We previously reported that sialidase activity of human neutrophils plays a critical role in the host inflammatory response. Since the catalytic domains of microbial neuraminidases are highly conserved, we hypothesized that antibodies against Clostridium perfringens neuraminidase might inhibit mammalian sialidase activity. Before the recognition of four mammalian sialidase (Neu) isoforms, we demonstrated that anti-C. perfringens neuraminidase antibodies inhibited human and murine sialidase activity in vivo and in vitro We now show that the antibodies to microbial neuraminidase (C. perfringens and influenza virus) recognize human NEU3, which is important for neural development and cell signaling. Since many microbes that infect mucosal surfaces express neuraminidase, it is possible that the use of sialidase inhibitors (e.g., zanamivir), might also compromise human sialidase activity critical to the human immune response. Alternatively, sialidase inhibitors may prove useful in the treatment of hyperinflammatory conditions.
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Jia F, Howlader MA, Cairo CW. Integrin-mediated cell migration is blocked by inhibitors of human neuraminidase. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2016; 1861:1170-1179. [PMID: 27344026 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2016.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Integrins are critical receptors in cell migration and adhesion. A number of mechanisms are known to regulate the function of integrins, including phosphorylation, conformational change, and cytoskeletal anchoring. We investigated whether native neuraminidase (Neu, or sialidase) enzymes which modify glycolipids could play a role in regulating integrin-mediated cell migration. Using a scratch assay, we found that exogenously added Neu3 and Neu4 activity altered rates of cell migration. We observed that Neu4 increased the rate of migration in two cell lines (HeLa, A549); while Neu3 only increased migration in HeLa cells. A bacterial neuraminidase was able to increase the rate of migration in HeLa, but not in A549 cells. Treatment of cells with complex gangliosides (GM1, GD1a, GD1b, and GT1b) resulted in decreased cell migration rates, while LacCer was able to increase rates of migration in both lines. Importantly, our results show that treatment of cells with inhibitors of native Neu enzymes had a dramatic effect on the rates of cell migration. The most potent compound tested targeted the human Neu4 isoenzyme, and was able to substantially reduce the rate of cell migration. We found that the lateral mobility of integrins was reduced by treatment of cells with Neu3, suggesting that Neu3 enzyme activity resulted in changes to integrin-co-receptor or integrin-cytoskeleton interactions. Finally, our results support the hypothesis that inhibitors of human Neu can be used to investigate mechanisms of cell migration and for the development of anti-adhesive therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jia
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Md Amran Howlader
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Christopher W Cairo
- Alberta Glycomics Centre, Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.
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Shiga K, Takahashi K, Sato I, Kato K, Saijo S, Moriya S, Hosono M, Miyagi T. Upregulation of sialidase NEU3 in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma associated with lymph node metastasis. Cancer Sci 2015; 106:1544-53. [PMID: 26470851 PMCID: PMC4714679 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Regional lymph node metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a crucial event for its progression, associated with a high rate of mortality. Sialidase, a key enzyme for the regulation of cellular sialic acids through catalyzing the initial step of degradation of glycoproteins and glycolipids, has been implicated in cancer progression. To facilitate the development of novel treatments for HNSCC, we have investigated whether sialidase is involved in the progression of this cancer. We found plasma membrane‐associated sialidase (NEU3) to be significantly upregulated in tumor compared to non‐tumor tissues; particularly, an increase in its mRNA levels was significantly associated with lymph node metastasis. To understand the mechanisms, we analyzed the NEU3‐mediated effects on the malignant phenotype using squamous carcinoma HSC‐2 and SAS cells. NEU3 promoted cell motility and invasion, accompanied by the increased expression of MMP‐9, whereas NEU3 silencing or the activity‐null mutant did not. NEU3 enhanced phosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and an EGFR inhibitor, AG1478, abrogated the NEU3‐induced MMP9 augmentation. These findings identify NEU3 as a participant in HNSCC progression through the regulation of EGFR signaling and thus as a potential target for inhibiting EGFR‐mediated tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyoto Shiga
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan.,Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Japan
| | - Kohta Takahashi
- Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan.,Division of Cell Recognition Study, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Ikuro Sato
- Department of Pathology, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Japan
| | - Kengo Kato
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Japan
| | - Shigeru Saijo
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Miyagi Cancer Center, Natori, Japan
| | - Setsuko Moriya
- Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hosono
- Division of Cell Recognition Study, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Taeko Miyagi
- Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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Aureli M, Murdica V, Loberto N, Samarani M, Prinetti A, Bassi R, Sonnino S. Exploring the link between ceramide and ionizing radiation. Glycoconj J 2015; 31:449-59. [PMID: 25129488 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-014-9541-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aim of radiotherapy is to eradicate cancer cells with ionizing radiation; tumor cell death following irradiation can be induced by several signaling pathways, most of which are triggered as a consequence of DNA damage, the primary and major relevant cell response to radiation. Several lines of evidence demonstrated that ceramide, a crucial sensor and/or effector of different signalling pathways promoting cell cycle arrest, death and differentiation, is directly involved in the molecular mechanisms underlying cellular response to irradiation. Most of the studies strongly support a direct relationship between ceramide accumulation and radiation-induced cell death, mainly apoptosis; for this reason, defining the contribution of the multiple metabolic pathways leading to ceramide formation and the causes of its dysregulated metabolism represent the main goal in order to elucidate the ceramide-mediated signaling in radiotherapy. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge concerning the different routes leading to ceramide accumulation in radiation-induced cell response with particular regard to the role of the enzymes involved in both ceramide neogenesis and catabolism. Emphasis is placed on sphingolipid breakdown as mechanism of ceramide generation activated following cell irradiation; the functional relevance of this pathway, and the role of glycosphingolipid glycohydrolases as direct targets of ionizing radiation are also discussed. These new findings add a further attractive point of investigation to better define the complex interplay between sphingolipid metabolism and radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Aureli
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milano, Via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20090, Segrate, Italy
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Schengrund CL. Gangliosides: glycosphingolipids essential for normal neural development and function. Trends Biochem Sci 2015; 40:397-406. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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24
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Scandolera A, Rabenoelina F, Chaintreuil C, Rusciani A, Maurice P, Blaise S, Romier-Crouzet B, El Btaouri H, Martiny L, Debelle L, Duca L. Uncoupling of Elastin Complex Receptor during In Vitro Aging Is Related to Modifications in Its Intrinsic Sialidase Activity and the Subsequent Lactosylceramide Production. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0129994. [PMID: 26086247 PMCID: PMC4473072 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0129994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Degradation of elastin leads to the production of elastin-derived peptides (EDP), which exhibit several biological effects, such as cell proliferation or protease secretion. Binding of EDP on the elastin receptor complex (ERC) triggers lactosylceramide (LacCer) production and ERK1/2 activation following ERC Neu-1 subunit activation. The ability for ERC to transduce signals is lost during aging, but the mechanism involved is still unknown. In this study, we characterized an in vitro model of aging by subculturing human dermal fibroblasts. This model was used to understand the loss of EDP biological activities during aging. Our results show that ERC uncoupling does not rely on Neu-1 or PPCA mRNA or protein level changes. Furthermore, we observe that the membrane targeting of these subunits is not affected with aging. However, we evidence that Neu-1 activity and LacCer production are altered. Basal Neu-1 catalytic activity is strongly increased in aged cells. Consequently, EDP fail to promote Neu-1 catalytic activity and LacCer production in these cells. In conclusion, we propose, for the first time, an explanation for ERC uncoupling based on the age-related alterations of Neu-1 activity and LacCer production that may explain the loss of EDP-mediated effects occurring during aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Scandolera
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Récepteurs Matriciels (SiRMa), UMR CNRS/URCA 7369, SFR CAP Santé, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Faculté des Sciences, Reims, France
| | - Fanja Rabenoelina
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Récepteurs Matriciels (SiRMa), UMR CNRS/URCA 7369, SFR CAP Santé, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Faculté des Sciences, Reims, France
| | - Carine Chaintreuil
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Récepteurs Matriciels (SiRMa), UMR CNRS/URCA 7369, SFR CAP Santé, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Faculté des Sciences, Reims, France
| | - Anthony Rusciani
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Récepteurs Matriciels (SiRMa), UMR CNRS/URCA 7369, SFR CAP Santé, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Faculté des Sciences, Reims, France
| | - Pascal Maurice
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Récepteurs Matriciels (SiRMa), UMR CNRS/URCA 7369, SFR CAP Santé, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Faculté des Sciences, Reims, France
| | - Sébastien Blaise
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Récepteurs Matriciels (SiRMa), UMR CNRS/URCA 7369, SFR CAP Santé, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Faculté des Sciences, Reims, France
| | - Béatrice Romier-Crouzet
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Récepteurs Matriciels (SiRMa), UMR CNRS/URCA 7369, SFR CAP Santé, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Faculté des Sciences, Reims, France
| | - Hassan El Btaouri
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Récepteurs Matriciels (SiRMa), UMR CNRS/URCA 7369, SFR CAP Santé, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Faculté des Sciences, Reims, France
| | - Laurent Martiny
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Récepteurs Matriciels (SiRMa), UMR CNRS/URCA 7369, SFR CAP Santé, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Faculté des Sciences, Reims, France
| | - Laurent Debelle
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Récepteurs Matriciels (SiRMa), UMR CNRS/URCA 7369, SFR CAP Santé, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Faculté des Sciences, Reims, France
| | - Laurent Duca
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Récepteurs Matriciels (SiRMa), UMR CNRS/URCA 7369, SFR CAP Santé, Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Faculté des Sciences, Reims, France
- * E-mail:
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Mozzi A, Forcella M, Riva A, Difrancesco C, Molinari F, Martin V, Papini N, Bernasconi B, Nonnis S, Tedeschi G, Mazzucchelli L, Monti E, Fusi P, Frattini M. NEU3 activity enhances EGFR activation without affecting EGFR expression and acts on its sialylation levels. Glycobiology 2015; 25:855-68. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwv026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Yamamoto K, Takahashi K, Shiozaki K, Yamaguchi K, Moriya S, Hosono M, Shima H, Miyagi T. Potentiation of epidermal growth factor-mediated oncogenic transformation by sialidase NEU3 leading to Src activation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120578. [PMID: 25803810 PMCID: PMC4372364 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously demonstrated that sialidase NEU3, a key glycosidase for ganglioside degradation, is up-regulated in various human cancers, leading to increased cell invasion, motility and survival of cancer cells possibly through activation of EGF signaling. Its up-regulation is also important for promotion of the stage of colorectal carcinogenesis in vivo in human NEU3 transgenic mice treated with azoxymethane for the induction of aberrant crypt foci in the colon mucosa, accompanied by enhanced phosphorylation of EGF receptor (EGFR). To address whether the activation of EGF signaling by the sialidase is associated with oncogenic transformation, we here analyzed the effects of overexpression of NEU3 and EGFR in NIH-3T3 cells. When NEU3 was stably transfected with or without EGFR, it was associated with significant increases in clonogenic growth, clonogenicity on soft agar and in vivo tumor growth in nude mice either with or without the receptor overexpression in the presence of EGF, compared with the levels in their vector controls. Despite the fact that the endogenous level of EGFR is known to be extremely low in these cells, NEU3 significantly enhanced the phosphorylation of Akt and ERK, as well as that of the receptor. The NEU3-mediated activation was largely abrogated by the EGFR inhibitor AG1478 or PD153035, but significant clonogenic growth still remained. NEU3 was then found to activate Src kinase, and the clonogenicity was completely suppressed by an Src inhibitor, PP2. The activity-null mutants failed to activate Src and EGFR, indicating that ganglioside modulation by NEU3 may be necessary for the activation. NEU3 and Src were co-immunoprecipitated with EGFR in NEU3- and EGFR- transfected cells. These findings identify NEU3 as an essential participant in tumorigenesis through the EGFR/Src signaling pathway and a potential target for inhibiting EGFR-mediated tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Yamamoto
- Departments of Cancar Glycosylation Research, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
- Division of Cancer Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kohta Takahashi
- Departments of Cancar Glycosylation Research, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Shiozaki
- Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazunori Yamaguchi
- Molecular and Cellular Oncology, Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Japan
| | - Setsuko Moriya
- Departments of Cancar Glycosylation Research, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hosono
- Departments of Cell Recognition Study, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Shima
- Division of Cancer Molecular Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Taeko Miyagi
- Departments of Cancar Glycosylation Research, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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Hata K, Tochigi T, Sato I, Kawamura S, Shiozaki K, Wada T, Takahashi K, Moriya S, Yamaguchi K, Hosono M, Miyagi T. Increased sialidase activity in serum of cancer patients: Identification of sialidase and inhibitor activities in human serum. Cancer Sci 2015; 106:383-9. [PMID: 25652216 PMCID: PMC4409881 DOI: 10.1111/cas.12627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2014] [Revised: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/31/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant sialylation in glycoproteins and glycolipids is a characteristic feature of malignancy. Human sialidases, which catalyze the removal of sialic acid residues from glycoconjugates, have been implicated in cancer progression. They have been detected in a wide variety of human cells and tissues, but few studies have focused on their existence in human serum. Among the four types identified to date, we previously demonstrated that plasma membrane-associated ganglioside sialidase (NEU3) is markedly upregulated in various human cancers, including examples in the colon and prostate. Here, using a sensitive assay method, we found a significant increase of sialidase activity in the serum of patients with prostate cancer compared with that in healthy subjects having low activity, if any. Activity was apparent with gangliosides as substrates, but only to a very limited extent with 4-methylumbelliferyl sialic acid, a good synthetic substrate for sialidases other than human NEU3. The serum sialidase was also almost entirely immunoprecipitated with anti-NEU3 antibody, but not with antibodies for other sialidases. Interestingly, sera additionally contained inhibitory activity against the sialidase and also against recombinant human NEU3. The sialidase and inhibitor activities could be separated by exosome isolation and by hydrophobic column chromatography. The serum sialidase was assessed by a sandwich ELISA method using two anti-NEU3 antibodies. The results provide strong evidence that the serum sialidase is, in fact, NEU3, and this subtype may, therefore, be a potential utility for novel diagnosis of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Hata
- Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
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Shiozaki K, Takahashi K, Hosono M, Yamaguchi K, Hata K, Shiozaki M, Bassi R, Prinetti A, Sonnino S, Nitta K, Miyagi T. Phosphatidic acid-mediated activation and translocation to the cell surface of sialidase NEU3, promoting signaling for cell migration. FASEB J 2015; 29:2099-111. [PMID: 25678627 DOI: 10.1096/fj.14-262543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 01/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The plasma membrane-associated sialidase NEU3 plays crucial roles in regulation of transmembrane signaling, and its aberrant up-regulation in various cancers contributes to malignancy. However, it remains uncertain how NEU3 is naturally activated and locates to plasma membranes, because of its Triton X-100 requirement for the sialidase activity in vitro and its often changing subcellular location. Among phospholipids examined, we demonstrate that phosphatidic acid (PA) elevates its sialidase activity 4 to 5 times at 50 μM in vitro at neutral pH and promotes translocation to the cell surface and cell migration through Ras-signaling in HeLa and COS-1 cells. NEU3 was found to interact selectively with PA as assessed by phospholipid array, liposome coprecipitation, and ELISA assays and to colocalize with phospholipase D (PLD) 1 in response to epidermal growth factor (EGF) or serum stimulation. Studies using tagged NEU3 fragments with point mutations identified PA- and calmodulin (CaM)-binding sites around the N terminus and confirmed its participation in translocation and catalytic activity. EGF induced PLD1 activation concomitantly with enhanced NEU3 translocation to the cell surface, as assessed by confocal microscopy. These results suggest that interactions of NEU3 with PA produced by PLD1 are important for regulation of transmembrane signaling, this aberrant acceleration probably promoting malignancy in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Shiozaki
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Kohta Takahashi
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Masahiro Hosono
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Kazunori Yamaguchi
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Keiko Hata
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Momo Shiozaki
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Rosaria Bassi
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Prinetti
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Sonnino
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Kazuo Nitta
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
| | - Taeko Miyagi
- *Faculty of Fisheries and The United Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Kagoshima, Japan; Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research and Division of Cell Recognition Study, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan; Miyagi Cancer Center Research Institute, Natori, Miyagi, Japan; and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Segrate, Milan, Italy
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Plasma Membrane-Associated Sialidase Confers Cancer Initiation, Promotion and Progression. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 842:139-45. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-11280-0_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Neu3 sialidase-mediated ganglioside conversion is necessary for axon regeneration and is blocked in CNS axons. J Neurosci 2014; 34:2477-92. [PMID: 24523539 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.4432-13.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
PNS axons have a high intrinsic regenerative ability, whereas most CNS axons show little regenerative response. We show that activation of Neu3 sialidase, also known as Neuraminidase-3, causing conversion of GD1a and GT1b to GM1 ganglioside, is an essential step in regeneration occurring in PNS (sensory) but not CNS (retinal) axons in adult rat. In PNS axons, axotomy activates Neu3 sialidase, increasing the ratio of GM1/GD1a and GM1/GT1b gangliosides immediately after injury in vitro and in vivo. No change in the GM1/GD1a ratio after axotomy was observed in retinal axons (in vitro and in vivo), despite the presence of Neu3 sialidase. Externally applied sialidase converted GD1a ganglioside to GM1 and rescued axon regeneration in CNS axons and in PNS axons after Neu3 sialidase blockade. Neu3 sialidase activation in DRGs is initiated by an influx of extracellular calcium, activating P38MAPK and then Neu3 sialidase. Ganglioside conversion by Neu3 sialidase further activates the ERK pathway. In CNS axons, P38MAPK and Neu3 sialidase were not activated by axotomy.
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Lillehoj EP, Hyun SW, Feng C, Zhang L, Liu A, Guang W, Nguyen C, Sun W, Luzina IG, Webb TJ, Atamas SP, Passaniti A, Twaddell WS, Puché AC, Wang LX, Cross AS, Goldblum SE. Human airway epithelia express catalytically active NEU3 sialidase. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2014; 306:L876-86. [PMID: 24658138 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00322.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialic acids on glycoconjugates play a pivotal role in many biological processes. In the airways, sialylated glycoproteins and glycolipids are strategically positioned on the plasma membranes of epithelia to regulate receptor-ligand, cell-cell, and host-pathogen interactions at the molecular level. We now demonstrate, for the first time, sialidase activity for ganglioside substrates in human airway epithelia. Of the four known mammalian sialidases, NEU3 has a substrate preference for gangliosides and is expressed at mRNA and protein levels at comparable abundance in epithelia derived from human trachea, bronchi, small airways, and alveoli. In small airway and alveolar epithelia, NEU3 protein was immunolocalized to the plasma membrane, cytosolic, and nuclear subcellular fractions. Small interfering RNA-induced silencing of NEU3 expression diminished sialidase activity for a ganglioside substrate by >70%. NEU3 immunostaining of intact human lung tissue could be localized to the superficial epithelia, including the ciliated brush border, as well as to nuclei. However, NEU3 was reduced in subepithelial tissues. These results indicate that human airway epithelia express catalytically active NEU3 sialidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik P Lillehoj
- Ph.D., Dept. of Pediatrics, Univ. of Maryland School of Medicine, 655 W. Baltimore St., Rm. 13-029, Baltimore, Maryland 21201.
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Pshezhetsky AV, Ashmarina LI. Desialylation of surface receptors as a new dimension in cell signaling. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2014; 78:736-45. [PMID: 24010837 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297913070067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Terminal sialic acid residues are found in abundance in glycan chains of glycoproteins and glycolipids on the surface of all live cells forming an outer layer of the cell originally known as glycocalyx. Their presence affects the molecular properties and structure of glycoconjugates, modifying their function and interactions with other molecules. Consequently, the sialylation state of glycoproteins and glycolipids has been recognized as a critical factor modulating molecular recognitions inside the cell, between the cells, between the cells and the extracellular matrix, and between the cells and certain exogenous pathogens. Until recently sialyltransferases that catalyze transfer of sialic acid residues to the glycan chains in the process of their biosynthesis were thought to be mainly responsible for the creation and maintenance of a temporal and spatial diversity of sialylated moieties. However, the growing evidence suggests that in mammalian cells, at least equally important roles belong to sialidases/neuraminidases, which are located on the cell surface and in intracellular compartments, and may either initiate the catabolism of sialoglycoconjugates or just cleave their sialic acid residues, and thereby contribute to temporal changes in their structure and functions. The current review summarizes emerging data demonstrating that mammalian neuraminidase 1, well known for its lysosomal catabolic function, is also targeted to the cell surface and assumes the previously unrecognized role as a structural and functional modulator of cellular receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- A V Pshezhetsky
- Department of Medical Genetics, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montreal, Qc, H3T1C5, Canada.
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Torretta E, Vasso M, Fania C, Capitanio D, Bergante S, Piccoli M, Tettamanti G, Anastasia L, Gelfi C. Application of direct HPTLC-MALDI for the qualitative and quantitative profiling of neutral and acidic glycosphingolipids: The case of NEU3 overexpressing C2C12 murine myoblasts. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:1319-28. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Torretta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health; University of Milan; Segrate Milan Italy
| | - Michele Vasso
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), CNR; Cefalù (Palermo) Segrate Milan Italy
| | - Chiara Fania
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health; University of Milan; Segrate Milan Italy
| | - Daniele Capitanio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health; University of Milan; Segrate Milan Italy
| | - Sonia Bergante
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health; University of Milan; Segrate Milan Italy
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering; IRCCS Policlinico San Donato Milan Italy
| | - Marco Piccoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health; University of Milan; Segrate Milan Italy
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering; IRCCS Policlinico San Donato Milan Italy
| | - Guido Tettamanti
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering; IRCCS Policlinico San Donato Milan Italy
| | - Luigi Anastasia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health; University of Milan; Segrate Milan Italy
- Laboratory of Stem Cells for Tissue Engineering; IRCCS Policlinico San Donato Milan Italy
| | - Cecilia Gelfi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health; University of Milan; Segrate Milan Italy
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), CNR; Cefalù (Palermo) Segrate Milan Italy
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Aureli M, Samarani M, Loberto N, Bassi R, Murdica V, Prioni S, Prinetti A, Sonnino S. The Glycosphingolipid Hydrolases in the Central Nervous System. Mol Neurobiol 2013; 50:76-87. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-013-8592-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Cochran SD, Cole JB, Null DJ, Hansen PJ. Discovery of single nucleotide polymorphisms in candidate genes associated with fertility and production traits in Holstein cattle. BMC Genet 2013; 14:49. [PMID: 23759029 PMCID: PMC3686577 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2156-14-49] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 05/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Identification of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for specific genes involved in reproduction might improve reliability of genomic estimates for these low-heritability traits. Semen from 550 Holstein bulls of high (≥ 1.7; n = 288) or low (≤ −2; n = 262) daughter pregnancy rate (DPR) was genotyped for 434 candidate SNPs using the Sequenom MassARRAY® system. Three types of SNPs were evaluated: SNPs previously reported to be associated with reproductive traits or physically close to genetic markers for reproduction, SNPs in genes that are well known to be involved in reproductive processes, and SNPs in genes that are differentially expressed between physiological conditions in a variety of tissues associated in reproductive function. Eleven reproduction and production traits were analyzed. Results A total of 40 SNPs were associated (P < 0.05) with DPR. Among these were genes involved in the endocrine system, cell signaling, immune function and inhibition of apoptosis. A total of 10 genes were regulated by estradiol. In addition, 22 SNPs were associated with heifer conception rate, 33 with cow conception rate, 36 with productive life, 34 with net merit, 23 with milk yield, 19 with fat yield, 13 with fat percent, 19 with protein yield, 22 with protein percent, and 13 with somatic cell score. The allele substitution effect for SNPs associated with heifer conception rate, cow conception rate, productive life and net merit were in the same direction as for DPR. Allele substitution effects for several SNPs associated with production traits were in the opposite direction as DPR. Nonetheless, there were 29 SNPs associated with DPR that were not negatively associated with production traits. Conclusion SNPs in a total of 40 genes associated with DPR were identified as well as SNPs for other traits. It might be feasible to include these SNPs into genomic tests of reproduction and other traits. The genes associated with DPR are likely to be important for understanding the physiology of reproduction. Given the large number of SNPs associated with DPR that were not negatively associated with production traits, it should be possible to select for DPR without compromising production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah D Cochran
- Department of Animal Sciences, D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program, and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611-0910, USA
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Abstract
Alkyne-hinged 3-fluorosialyl fluoride (DFSA) containing an alkyne group was shown to be a mechanism-based target-specific irreversible inhibitor of sialidases. The ester-protected analog DFSA (PDFSA) is a membrane-permeable precursor of DFSA designed to be used in living cells, and it was shown to form covalent adducts with virus, bacteria, and human sialidases. The fluorosialyl-enzyme adduct can be ligated with an azide-annexed biotin via click reaction and detected by the streptavidin-specific reporting signals. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry analysis on the tryptic peptide fragments indicates that the 3-fluorosialyl moiety modifies tyrosine residues of the sialidases. DFSA was used to demonstrate influenza infection and the diagnosis of the viral susceptibility to the anti-influenza drug oseltamivir acid, whereas PDFSA was used for in situ imaging of the changes of sialidase activity in live cells.
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Scaringi R, Piccoli M, Papini N, Cirillo F, Conforti E, Bergante S, Tringali C, Garatti A, Gelfi C, Venerando B, Menicanti L, Tettamanti G, Anastasia L. NEU3 sialidase is activated under hypoxia and protects skeletal muscle cells from apoptosis through the activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway and the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α. J Biol Chem 2012; 288:3153-62. [PMID: 23209287 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.404327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
NEU3 sialidase, a key enzyme in ganglioside metabolism, is activated under hypoxic conditions in cultured skeletal muscle cells (C2C12). NEU3 up-regulation stimulates the EGF receptor signaling pathway, which in turn activates the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α), resulting in a final increase of cell survival and proliferation. In the same cells, stable overexpression of sialidase NEU3 significantly enhances cell resistance to hypoxia, whereas stable silencing of the enzyme renders cells more susceptible to apoptosis. These data support the working hypothesis of a physiological role played by NEU3 sialidase in protecting cells from hypoxic stress and may suggest new directions in the development of therapeutic strategies against ischemic diseases, particularly of the cerebro-cardiovascular system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaella Scaringi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, 20090 Segrate (Milan), Italy
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Tringali C, Lupo B, Silvestri I, Papini N, Anastasia L, Tettamanti G, Venerando B. The plasma membrane sialidase NEU3 regulates the malignancy of renal carcinoma cells by controlling β1 integrin internalization and recycling. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:42835-45. [PMID: 23139422 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.407718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The human plasma membrane sialidase NEU3 is a key enzyme in the catabolism of membrane gangliosides, is crucial in the regulation of cell surface processes, and has been demonstrated to be significantly up-regulated in renal cell carcinomas (RCCs). In this report, we show that NEU3 regulates β1 integrin trafficking in RCC cells by controlling β1 integrin recycling to the plasma membrane and controlling activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and focal adhesion kinase (FAK)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling. NEU3 silencing in RCC cells increased the membrane ganglioside content, in particular the GD1a content, and changed the expression of key regulators of the integrin recycling pathway. In addition, NEU3 silencing up-regulated the Ras-related protein RAB25, which directs internalized integrins to lysosomes, and down-regulated the chloride intracellular channel protein 3 (CLIC3), which induces the recycling of internalized integrins to the plasma membrane. In this manner, NEU3 silencing enhanced the caveolar endocytosis of β1 integrin, blocked its recycling and reduced its levels at the plasma membrane, and, consequently, inhibited EGFR and FAK/AKT. These events had the following effects on the behavior of RCC cells: they (a) decreased drug resistance mediated by the block of autophagy and the induction of apoptosis; (b) decreased metastatic potential mediated by down-regulation of the metalloproteinases MMP1 and MMP7; and (c) decreased adhesion to collagen and fibronectin. Therefore, our data identify NEU3 as a key regulator of the β1 integrin-recycling pathway and FAK/AKT signaling and demonstrate its crucial role in RCC malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Tringali
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, University of Milan, Segrate, 20090 Milan, Italy
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Fanzani A, Zanola A, Faggi F, Papini N, Venerando B, Tettamanti G, Sampaolesi M, Monti E. Implications for the mammalian sialidases in the physiopathology of skeletal muscle. Skelet Muscle 2012; 2:23. [PMID: 23114189 PMCID: PMC3534598 DOI: 10.1186/2044-5040-2-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The family of mammalian sialidases is composed of four distinct versatile enzymes that remove negatively charged terminal sialic acid residues from gangliosides and glycoproteins in different subcellular areas and organelles, including lysosomes, cytosol, plasma membrane and mitochondria. In this review we summarize the growing body of data describing the important role of sialidases in skeletal muscle, a complex apparatus involved in numerous key functions and whose functional integrity can be affected by various conditions, such as aging, chronic diseases, cancer and neuromuscular disorders. In addition to supporting the proper catabolism of glycoconjugates, sialidases can affect different signaling pathways by desialylation of many receptors and modulation of ganglioside content in cell membranes, thus actively participating in myoblast proliferation, differentiation and hypertrophy, insulin responsiveness and skeletal muscle architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Fanzani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnologies and Interuniversitary Institute of Myology (IIM), University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
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40
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G-protein coupled receptor agonists mediate Neu1 sialidase and matrix metalloproteinase-9 cross-talk to induce transactivation of TOLL-like receptors and cellular signaling. Cell Signal 2012; 24:2035-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2012.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2012] [Accepted: 06/25/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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41
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Giacopuzzi E, Bresciani R, Schauer R, Monti E, Borsani G. New insights on the sialidase protein family revealed by a phylogenetic analysis in metazoa. PLoS One 2012; 7:e44193. [PMID: 22952925 PMCID: PMC3431349 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 07/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialidases are glycohydrolytic enzymes present from virus to mammals that remove sialic acid from oligosaccharide chains. Four different sialidase forms are known in vertebrates: the lysosomal NEU1, the cytosolic NEU2 and the membrane-associated NEU3 and NEU4. These enzymes modulate the cell sialic acid content and are involved in several cellular processes and pathological conditions. Molecular defects in NEU1 are responsible for sialidosis, an inherited disease characterized by lysosomal storage disorder and neurodegeneration. The studies on the biology of sialic acids and sialyltransferases, the anabolic counterparts of sialidases, have revealed a complex picture with more than 50 sialic acid variants selectively present in the different branches of the tree of life. The gain/loss of specific sialoconjugates have been proposed as key events in the evolution of deuterostomes and Homo sapiens, as well as in the host-pathogen interactions. To date, less attention has been paid to the evolution of sialidases. Thus we have conducted a survey on the state of the sialidase family in metazoan. Using an in silico approach, we identified and characterized sialidase orthologs from 21 different organisms distributed among the evolutionary tree: Metazoa relative (Monosiga brevicollis), early Deuterostomia, precursor of Chordata and Vertebrata (teleost fishes, amphibians, reptiles, avians and early and recent mammals). We were able to reconstruct the evolution of the sialidase protein family from the ancestral sialidase NEU1 and identify a new form of the enzyme, NEU5, representing an intermediate step in the evolution leading to the modern NEU3, NEU4 and NEU2. Our study provides new insights on the mechanisms that shaped the substrate specificity and other peculiar properties of the modern mammalian sialidases. Moreover, we further confirm findings on the catalytic residues and identified enzyme loop portions that behave as rapidly diverging regions and may be involved in the evolution of specific properties of sialidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edoardo Giacopuzzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, Unit of Biology and Genetics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberto Bresciani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, Unit of Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roland Schauer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Eugenio Monti
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, Unit of Biochemistry and Clinical Chemistry, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Giuseppe Borsani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, Unit of Biology and Genetics, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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42
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MmNEU3 sialidase over-expression in C2C12 myoblasts delays differentiation and induces hypertrophic myotube formation. J Cell Biochem 2012; 113:2967-78. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.24174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Miyagi T, Takahashi K, Hata K, Shiozaki K, Yamaguchi K. Sialidase significance for cancer progression. Glycoconj J 2012; 29:567-77. [PMID: 22644327 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-012-9394-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2012] [Revised: 05/05/2012] [Accepted: 05/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Aberrant glycosylation is a characteristic feature of cancer cells. In particular, altered sialylation is closely associated with malignant properties, including invasiveness and metastatic potential. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the aberrancy, our studies have focused on mammalian sialidase, which catalyzes the removal of sialic acid residues from glycoproteins and glycolipids. The four types of mammalian sialidase identified to date show altered expression and behave in different manners during carcinogenesis. The present review briefly summarizes results on altered expression of sialidases and their possible roles in cancer progression. These enzymes are indeed factors defining cancer malignancy and thus potential targets for cancer diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeko Miyagi
- Division of Cancer Glycosylation Research, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan.
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Essaka DC, Prendergast J, Keithley RB, Palcic MM, Hindsgaul O, Schnaar RL, Dovichi NJ. Metabolic cytometry: capillary electrophoresis with two-color fluorescence detection for the simultaneous study of two glycosphingolipid metabolic pathways in single primary neurons. Anal Chem 2012; 84:2799-804. [PMID: 22400492 DOI: 10.1021/ac2031892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic cytometry is a form of chemical cytometry wherein metabolic cascades are monitored in single cells. We report the first example of metabolic cytometry where two different metabolic pathways are simultaneously monitored. Glycolipid catabolism in primary rat cerebella neurons was probed by incubation with tetramethylrhodamine-labeled GM1 (GM1-TMR). Simultaneously, both catabolism and anabolism were probed by coincubation with BODIPY-FL labeled LacCer (LacCer-BODIPY-FL). In a metabolic cytometry experiment, single cells were incubated with substrate, washed, aspirated into a capillary, and lysed. The components were separated by capillary electrophoresis equipped with a two-spectral channel laser-induced fluorescence detector. One channel monitored fluorescence generated by the metabolic products produced from GM1-TMR and the other monitored the metabolic products produced from LacCer-BODIPY-FL. The metabolic products were identified by comparison with the mobility of a set of standards. The detection system produced at least 6 orders of magnitude dynamic range in each spectral channel with negligible spectral crosstalk. Detection limits were 1 zmol for BODIPY-FL and 500 ymol for tetramethylrhodamine standard solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Essaka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
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45
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Miyagi T, Yamaguchi K. Mammalian sialidases: physiological and pathological roles in cellular functions. Glycobiology 2012; 22:880-96. [PMID: 22377912 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cws057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sialic acids are terminal acidic monosaccharides, which influence the chemical and biological features of glycoconjugates. Their removal catalyzed by a sialidase modulates various biological processes through change in conformation and creation or loss of binding sites of functional molecules. Sialidases exist widely in vertebrates and also in a variety of microorganisms. Recent research on mammalian sialidases has provided evidence for great importance of these enzymes in various cellular functions, including lysosomal catabolism, whereas microbial sialidases appear to play roles limited to nutrition and pathogenesis. Four types of mammalian sialidases have been identified and characterized to date, designated as NEU1, NEU2, NEU3 and NEU4. They are encoded by different genes and differ in major subcellular localization and enzymatic properties including substrate specificity, and each has been found to play a unique role depending on its particular properties. This review is an attempt to concisely summarize current knowledge concerning mammalian sialidases, with a special focus on their properties and physiological and pathological roles in cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeko Miyagi
- Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan.
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46
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Plasma Membrane-Associated Glycohydrolases Activation by Extracellular Acidification due to Proton Exchangers. Neurochem Res 2012; 37:1296-307. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-012-0725-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Revised: 12/15/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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47
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Abstract
The removal of sialic acids, catalyzed by sialidase, is the initial step in degradation of oligosaccharides, glycoproteins, and glycolipids. The catalytic reaction may greatly influence biological processes through changing the conformation of glycoproteins and create or mask binding sites of functional molecules. Recent progress in sialidase research has clarified that mammalian sialidases indeed contribute to the regulation of various cellular functions as well as lysosomal catabolism, unlike the sialidases of microbial origin that probably play roles limited to nutrition and pathogenesis. However, the mammalian enzymes contain consensus sequences in the six-blade β-propeller structural organization typical of microbial sialidases, despite the low degree of similarity to the amino acid sequences of the microbial enzymes. The present review briefly summarizes structural and functional features of mammalian sialidases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugenio Monti
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Brescia, Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy
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Miyagi T, Kikuchi K, Tamura S. Shigeru Tsuiki: a pioneer in the research fields of complex carbohydrates and protein phosphatases. J Biochem 2011; 150:483-90. [PMID: 22039278 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvr045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dr Tsuiki made three major contributions during his illustrious career as a biochemist. First, he developed the procedure for mucin isolation from bovine submaxillary glands. His work became the basis for mucin biochemistry. Second, he identified four distinct molecular species of mammalian sialidase. Subsequent studies based on his work led to the discovery that sialidase plays a unique role as an intracellular signalling factor involved in the regulation of a variety of cellular functions. Finally, he established the molecular basis for the diversity of mammalian protein phosphatases through protein purification and molecular cloning. His work prompted the functional studies of protein phosphatases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taeko Miyagi
- Department of Cancer Glycosylation Research, Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan
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49
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Gangliosides and the multiscale modulation of membrane structure. Chem Phys Lipids 2011; 164:796-810. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2011] [Revised: 09/12/2011] [Accepted: 09/13/2011] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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50
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Abdulkhalek S, Amith SR, Franchuk SL, Jayanth P, Guo M, Finlay T, Gilmour A, Guzzo C, Gee K, Beyaert R, Szewczuk MR. Neu1 sialidase and matrix metalloproteinase-9 cross-talk is essential for Toll-like receptor activation and cellular signaling. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:36532-49. [PMID: 21873432 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.237578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The signaling pathways of mammalian Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are well characterized, but the precise mechanism(s) by which TLRs are activated upon ligand binding remains poorly defined. Recently, we reported a novel membrane sialidase-controlling mechanism that depends on ligand binding to its TLR to induce mammalian neuraminidase-1 (Neu1) activity, to influence receptor desialylation, and subsequently to induce TLR receptor activation and the production of nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokines in dendritic and macrophage cells. The α-2,3-sialyl residue of TLR was identified as the specific target for hydrolysis by Neu1. Here, we report a membrane signaling paradigm initiated by endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding to TLR4 to potentiate G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling via membrane Gα(i) subunit proteins and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) activation to induce Neu1. Central to this process is that a Neu1-MMP9 complex is bound to TLR4 on the cell surface of naive macrophage cells. Specific inhibition of MMP9 and GPCR Gα(i)-signaling proteins blocks LPS-induced Neu1 activity and NFκB activation. Silencing MMP9 mRNA using lentivirus MMP9 shRNA transduction or siRNA transfection of macrophage cells and MMP9 knock-out primary macrophage cells significantly reduced Neu1 activity and NFκB activation associated with LPS-treated cells. These findings uncover a molecular organizational signaling platform of a novel Neu1 and MMP9 cross-talk in alliance with TLR4 on the cell surface that is essential for ligand activation of TLRs and subsequent cellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Abdulkhalek
- Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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