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Giuliani ME, Bigossi G, Lai G, Marcozzi S, Brunetti D, Malavolta M. Marine Compounds and Age-Related Diseases: The Path from Pre-Clinical Research to Approved Drugs for the Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes. Mar Drugs 2024; 22:210. [PMID: 38786601 PMCID: PMC11123485 DOI: 10.3390/md22050210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Ageing represents a main risk factor for several pathologies. Among them, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are predominant in the elderly population and often require prolonged use of multiple drugs due to their chronic nature and the high proportion of co-morbidities. Hence, research is constantly looking for novel, effective molecules to treat CVD and T2DM with minimal side effects. Marine active compounds, holding a great diversity of chemical structures and biological properties, represent interesting therapeutic candidates to treat these age-related diseases. This review summarizes the current state of research on marine compounds for the treatment of CVD and T2DM, from pre-clinical studies to clinical investigations and approved drugs, highlighting the potential of marine compounds in the development of new therapies, together with the limitations in translating pre-clinical results into human application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Giuliani
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.E.G.); (G.B.); (G.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Giorgia Bigossi
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.E.G.); (G.B.); (G.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Giovanni Lai
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.E.G.); (G.B.); (G.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Serena Marcozzi
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.E.G.); (G.B.); (G.L.); (S.M.)
| | - Dario Brunetti
- Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico “Carlo Besta”, 20126 Milano, Italy;
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Malavolta
- Advanced Technology Center for Aging Research and Geriatric Mouse Clinic, IRCCS INRCA, 60121 Ancona, Italy; (M.E.G.); (G.B.); (G.L.); (S.M.)
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Esmaili S, Ebadi A, Khazaei A, Ghorbani H, Faramarzi MA, Mojtabavi S, Mahdavi M, Najafi Z. Novel Pyrano[3,2- c]quinoline-1,2,3-triazole Hybrids as Potential Anti-Diabetic Agents: In Vitro α-Glucosidase Inhibition, Kinetic, and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:23412-23424. [PMID: 37426262 PMCID: PMC10324058 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a novel series of pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline-1,2,3-triazole hybrids 8a-o were synthesized and evaluated against the α-glucosidase enzyme. All compounds showed significant in vitro inhibitory activity (IC50 values of 1.19 ± 0.05 to 20.01 ± 0.02 μM) compared to the standard drug acarbose (IC50 = 750.0 μM). Among them, 2-amino-4-(3-((1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)methoxy)phenyl)-5-oxo-5,6-dihydro-4H-pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline-3-carbonitrile (compound 8k) demonstrated the best inhibitory effect toward α-glucosidase (IC50 = 1.19 ± 0.05 μM) with a competitive pattern of inhibition. Since compound 8k was synthesized as a racemic mixture, molecular docking and dynamics simulations were performed on R- and S-enantiomers of compound 8k. Based on the molecular docking results, both R- and S-enantiomers of compound 8k displayed significant interactions with key residues including catalytic triad (Asp214, Glu276, and Asp349) in the enzyme active site. However, an in silico study indicated that S- and R-enantiomers were inversely located in the enzyme active site. The R-enantiomer formed a more stable complex with a higher binding affinity to the active site of α-glucosidase than that of the S- enantiomer. The benzyl ring in the most stable complex ((R)-compound 8k) was located in the bottom of the binding site and interacted with the enzyme active site, while the pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline moiety occupied the high solvent accessible entrance of the active site. Thus, the synthesized pyrano[3,2-c]quinoline-1,2,3-triazole hybrids seem to be promising scaffolds for the development of novel α-glucosidase inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Esmaili
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 6517838683, Iran
| | - Ahmad Ebadi
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Medicinal Plants and Natural
Products Research Center, Hamadan University
of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838678, Iran
| | - Ardeshir Khazaei
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan 6517838683, Iran
| | - Hamideh Ghorbani
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838678, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology
Research Center, Tehran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Somayeh Mojtabavi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology
Research Center, Tehran University of Medical
Sciences, Tehran 1417614411, Iran
| | - Mohammad Mahdavi
- Endocrinology
and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical
Sciences Institute, Tehran University of
Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
| | - Zahra Najafi
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan 6517838678, Iran
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Lu X, Dissanayake AA, Xiao C, Gao J, Zhao M, Nair MG. The edible seaweed Laminaria japonica contains cholesterol analogues that inhibit lipid peroxidation and cyclooxygenase enzymes. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0258980. [PMID: 35085233 PMCID: PMC8794173 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0258980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, 5 sterols were isolated and purified from Laminaria japonica, commonly known as edible brown seaweed, and their structures were identified based on detailed chemical methods and spectroscopic analyses. Spectroscopic analyses characterized 5 sterols as 29-Hydroperoxy-stigmasta-5,24(28)-dien-3β-ol, saringosterol (24-vinyl-cholest-5-ene-3β,24-diol), 24-methylenecholesterol, fucosterol (stigmasta-5,24-diene-3β-ol), and 24-Hydroperoxy-24-vinyl-cholesterol. The bioactivities of these sterols were tested using lipid peroxidation (LPO) and cyclooxygenase (COX-1 and -2) enzyme inhibitory assays. Fucosterol exhibited the highest COX-1 and -2 enzyme inhibitory activities at 59 and 47%, respectively. Saringosterol, 24-methylenecholesterol and fucosterol showed higher LPO inhibitory activity at >50% than the other compounds. In addition, the results of molecular docking revealed that the 5 sterols were located in different pocket of COX-1 and -2 and fucosterol with tetracyclic skeletons and olefin methine achieved the highest binding energy (-7.85 and -9.02 kcal/mol) through hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bond. Our results confirm the presence of 5 sterols in L. japonica and its significant anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Lu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Amila A. Dissanayake
- Department of Horticulture, Bioactive Natural Products and Phytoceuticals Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Chuqiao Xiao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- Chaozhou Branch of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Chaozhou, China
| | - Jie Gao
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
- Department of Horticulture, Bioactive Natural Products and Phytoceuticals Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
| | - Mouming Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Muraleedharan G. Nair
- Department of Horticulture, Bioactive Natural Products and Phytoceuticals Laboratory, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America
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Omeprazole inhibits α-glucosidase activity and the formation of nonenzymatic glycation products: Activity and mechanism. J Biosci Bioeng 2021; 133:110-118. [PMID: 34802943 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2021.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the inhibitory effect and mechanism of omeprazole on α-glucosidase and nonenzymatic glycation were investigated in vitro by using multi-spectroscopic methods and molecular docking. Enzyme kinetic results showed that omeprazole inhibited α-glucosidase in a reversible and noncompetitive manner (IC50= 0.595 ± 0.003 mM). The results from fluorescence quenching and thermomechanical analyses signified that omeprazole reduced the fluorescence intensity of α-glucosidase by forming an omeprazole-α-glucosidase complex primarily driven by hydrogen bonds. Molecular docking further confirmed that hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic forces were the major driving forces for omeprazole binding to α-glucosidase. The nonenzymatic glycation assays revealed that omeprazole had a moderate inhibition against the formation of fructosamine, dicarbonyl compounds, and advanced glycation end products (AGEs). This study provides a new inhibitor of both α-glucosidase and nonenzymatic glycation and provides a practicable candidate for treating diabetes and its complications.
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Wang J, Sun S, Zhao K, Shi H, Fan J, Wang H, Liu Y, Liu X, Wang W. Insights into the inhibitory mechanism of purpurogallin on xanthine oxidase by multiple spectroscopic techniques and molecular docking. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Shetty Hallur R, L. Motamarri CN, T. Ramamoorthy P, Murthy C, H. Siddappa R, Bramhanakonda V. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry fingerprint and in vitro cytotoxic studies of Rubus steudneri leaf fractions against michigan cancer foundation-7 breast cancer cell line. Pharmacogn Mag 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_324_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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7
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Fu Y, Li C, Zhu J, Zhang L, Wang Y, Chen Q, Xu L, Zhang S, Fang Y, Liu T. A new meroterpenoid from endophytic fungus Talaromyces amestolkiae CS-O-1. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2020.104186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Inhibitory effect of Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb and oxyresveratrol on α-glucosidase and sugar digestion in Caco-2 cells. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03458. [PMID: 32154416 PMCID: PMC7056649 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term diabetic complications are exacerbated by post-prandial hyperglycemia which could be ameliorated by α-glucosidase inhibitor including oxyresveratrol. Puag-Haad is an aqueous extract from Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb. containing ~65% oxyresveratrol. Oxyresveratrol is an inhibitor of isolated yeast α-glucosidase enzyme but has not been tested on intact gut enterocytes where the enzyme is membrane-bound. Accordingly, differentiated Caco-2 cells that contain the native enzyme were used to test maltose hydrolysis in the present study. The results demonstrated that purified yeast α-glucosidase was non-competitively inhibited by oxyresveratrol (Ki 54.4 ± 0.7 μg/mL) and Puag-Haad (2.7 ± 0.1 μg/mL) compared to 153.8 ± 4.3 μg/mL acarbose, an anti-diabetic drug. In differentiated Caco-2 cells, both oxyresveratrol and Puag-Haad inhibited maltose hydrolysis with lesser potency compared to acarbose. Thus, although weaker than acarbose, oxyresveratrol and Puag-Haad do not inhibit pancreatic amylase which might be a therapeutic asset in preventing fermentation of unabsorbed carbohydrate causes abdominal bloating, flatulence, or diarrhea. Oxyresveratrol and Puag-Haad may help control postprandial hyperglycemia with low risk of gastrointestinal side effects.
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Jiang L, Wang Z, Wang X, Wang S, Cao J, Liu Y. Exploring the inhibitory mechanism of piceatannol on α-glucosidase relevant to diabetes mellitus. RSC Adv 2020; 10:4529-4537. [PMID: 35495253 PMCID: PMC9049079 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09028b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their association with type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment, α-glucosidase inhibitors have attracted increasing attention of researchers. In this study, we systemically investigated the kinetics and inhibition mechanism of piceatannol on α-glucosidase. Enzyme kinetics analyses showed that piceatannol exhibited strong inhibition on α-glucosidase in a non-competitive manner. Spectroscopy analyses indicated that piceatannol could bind with α-glucosidase to form complexes via high affinity. Further, computational molecular dynamics and molecular docking studies validated that the binding of piceatannol was outside the catalytic site of α-glucosidase, which would induce conformational changes of α-glucosidase and block the entrance of substrate, causing declines in α-glucosidase activities. Our results provide useful information not only for the inhibition mechanism of piceatannol against α-glucosidase but also for a novel target site for developing novel α-glucosidase inhibitors as potential therapeutic agents in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. The non-competitive inhibition of piceatannol on α-glucosidase. A combination of dynamic and static process with one binding site. The involvement of hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding. Dietary recommendations for diabetes or potential antidiabetic drug.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Jiang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Dalian University of Technology
- Panjin 124221
- China
| | - Zhen Wang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Dalian University of Technology
- Panjin 124221
- China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Dalian University of Technology
- Panjin 124221
- China
| | - Shujuan Wang
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Dalian University of Technology
- Panjin 124221
- China
| | - Jun Cao
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health
- Dalian Medical University
- Dalian 116044
- China
| | - Yong Liu
- School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Dalian University of Technology
- Panjin 124221
- China
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Salehi B, Sharifi-Rad J, Seca AML, Pinto DCGA, Michalak I, Trincone A, Mishra AP, Nigam M, Zam W, Martins N. Current Trends on Seaweeds: Looking at Chemical Composition, Phytopharmacology, and Cosmetic Applications. Molecules 2019; 24:E4182. [PMID: 31752200 PMCID: PMC6891420 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds have received huge interest in recent years given their promising potentialities. Their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, hypolipemic, and anticoagulant effects are among the most renowned and studied bioactivities so far, and these effects have been increasingly associated with their content and richness in both primary and secondary metabolites. Although primary metabolites have a pivotal importance such as their content in polysaccharides (fucoidans, agars, carragenans, ulvans, alginates, and laminarin), recent data have shown that the content in some secondary metabolites largely determines the effective bioactive potential of seaweeds. Among these secondary metabolites, phenolic compounds feature prominently. The present review provides the most remarkable insights into seaweed research, specifically addressing its chemical composition, phytopharmacology, and cosmetic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahare Salehi
- Student Research Committee, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam 4340847, Iran;
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Zabol Medicinal Plants Research Center, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol 61615-585, Iran
| | - Ana M. L. Seca
- cE3c- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes/Azorean Biodiversity Group & University of Azores, Rua Mãe de Deus, 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Portugal;
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Diana C. G. A. Pinto
- QOPNA & LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Antonio Trincone
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 80078 Pozzuoli, Naples, Italy;
| | - Abhay Prakash Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal-246174, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Manisha Nigam
- Department of Biochemistry, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal University, Srinagar Garhwal-246174, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Wissam Zam
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Andalus University for Medical Sciences, Tartous, Syria
| | - Natália Martins
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
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An Improved Method for the Synthesis of Butein Using SOCl 2/EtOH as Catalyst and Deciphering Its Inhibition Mechanism on Xanthine Oxidase. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101948. [PMID: 31117192 PMCID: PMC6572126 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Butein (3,4,2',4'-tetrahydroxychalcone) belongs to the chalcone family of flavonoids and possesses various biological activities. In this study, butein was synthesized through aldol condensation catalyzed by thionyl chloride (SOCl2)/ethyl alcohol (EtOH) for the first time. The optimal reaction conditions including the molar ratio of reactants, the dosage of catalyst, and the reaction time on the yield of product were investigated, and the straightforward strategy assembles the yield of butein up to 88%. Butein has been found to inhibit xanthine oxidase (XO) activity. Herein, the inhibitory mechanism of butein against XO was discussed in aspects of inhibition kinetic, fluorescence titration, synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy, and molecular docking. The inhibition kinetic analysis showed that butein possessed a stronger inhibition on XO in an irreversible competitive manner with IC50 value of 2.93 × 10-6 mol L-1. The results of fluorescence titrations and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy indicated that butein was able to interact with XO at one binding site, and the fluorophores of XO were placed in a more hydrophobic environment with the addition of butein. Subsequently, the result of molecular docking between butein and XO protein revealed that butein formed hydrogen bonding with the amino acid residues located in the hydrophobic cavity of XO. All the results suggested that the inhibitory mechanism of butein on XO may be the insertion of butein into the active site occupying the catalytic center of XO to avoid the entrance of xanthine and inducing conformational changes in XO.
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Wang M, Jiang J, Tian J, Chen S, Ye X, Hu Y, Chen J. Inhibitory mechanism of novel allosteric inhibitor, Chinese bayberry (Myrica rubra Sieb. et Zucc.) leaves proanthocyanidins against α-glucosidase. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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13
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Guan J, Yan X, Zhao Y, Sun Y, Peng X. Binding studies of triclocarban with bovine serum albumin: Insights from multi-spectroscopy and molecular modeling methods. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 202:1-12. [PMID: 29777928 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.04.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2017] [Revised: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The antimicrobial triclocarban (TCC) is frequently found in various personal care products (PCPs), and recent studies have demonstrated that it shows a high unintended biological activity on humans and wildlife. To evaluate the toxicity of TCC at the protein level, the effect of TCC on bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been investigated using various spectroscopic methods in combination with molecular modeling. Analysis of fluorescence quenching data of BSA revealed the formation of a ground state BSA-TCC complex with a binding constant of 2.58 × 104 M-1 at 298 K. The values of the thermodynamic parameters suggested that the binding of TCC to BSA was driven mainly by hydrophobic interaction and hydrogen bond. Site marker competitive experiments coupled with molecular docking studies confirmed that site I was the main binding site for TCC on BSA. Furthermore, TCC binding to BSA led to conformational and structural alterations of BSA as revealed by multi-spectroscopic studies. In addition, the stability of BSA and BSA-TCC complex were well analyzed by the molecular dynamics studies. In short, this work indicated that TCC could interact with BSA and impact the conformation of BSA, which could provide valuable information to understand the toxicity mechanism of TCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao Guan
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Xin Yan
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Yajing Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Yinhe Sun
- Tianjin Institute of Metrological Supervision and Testing, Nankai District, Tianjin 300192, PR China
| | - Xin Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China.
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Ding H, Wu X, Pan J, Hu X, Gong D, Zhang G. New Insights into the Inhibition Mechanism of Betulinic Acid on α-Glucosidase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:7065-7075. [PMID: 29902001 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b02992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Betulinic acid (BA), an important pentacyclic triterpene widely distributed in many foods, possesses high antidiabetic activity. In this study, BA was found to exhibit stronger inhibition of α-glucosidase than acarbose with an IC50 value of (1.06 ± 0.02) × 10-5 mol L-1 in a mixed-type manner. BA bound with α-glucosidase to form a BA-α-glucosidase complex, resulting in a more compact structure of the enzyme. The obtained concentrations and spectra profiles of the components resolved by the multivariate-curve resolution-alternating least-squares confirmed the formation of the BA-α-glucosidase complex. Molecular docking showed that BA tightly bound to the active cavity of α-glucosidase, which might hinder the entrance of the substrate leading to a decline in enzyme activity. The chemical modification of α-glucosidase verified the results of the computer simulation that the order of importance of the four amino acid residues in the binding process was His > Tyr > Lys > Arg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huafang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , China
| | - Xiaqing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , China
| | - Junhui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , China
| | - Xing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , China
| | - Deming Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , China
- New Zealand Institute of Natural Medicine Research , 8 Ha Crescent , Auckland 2104 , New Zealand
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , Nanchang 330047 , China
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Wu H, Zeng W, Chen L, Yu B, Guo Y, Chen G, Liang Z. Integrated multi-spectroscopic and molecular docking techniques to probe the interaction mechanism between maltase and 1-deoxynojirimycin, an α-glucosidase inhibitor. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 114:1194-1202. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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16
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Zhao C, Yang C, Liu B, Lin L, Sarker SD, Nahar L, Yu H, Cao H, Xiao J. Bioactive compounds from marine macroalgae and their hypoglycemic benefits. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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17
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Han L, Fang C, Zhu R, Peng Q, Li D, Wang M. Inhibitory effect of phloretin on α-glucosidase: Kinetics, interaction mechanism and molecular docking. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 95:520-527. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.11.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2016] [Revised: 11/19/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Mohammed A, Koorbanally NA, Islam MS. Anti-diabetic effect of Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich. (Annonaceae) fruit acetone fraction in a type 2 diabetes model of rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 180:131-139. [PMID: 26795545 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Revised: 12/20/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional medicine from West Africa, the fruit decoction of Xylopia aethiopica (Dunal) A. Rich. is widely used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) either alone or in combination with other plants. The present study is designed to investigate the anti-diabetic effects of X. aethiopica acetone fraction (XAAF) from fruit ethanolic extract in a type 2 diabetes (T2D) model of rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS T2D was induced in rats by feeding a 10% fructose solution ad libitum for 2 weeks followed by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg body weight) and the animals were orally treated with 150 or 300 mg/kg body weight (bw) of the XAAF once daily for four weeks. RESULTS After 4 weeks study period, diabetic untreated animals (DBC) exhibited significantly higher serum glucose, serum fructosamine, LDH, CK-MB, serum lipids, liver glycogen, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), AI, CRI and lower serum insulin, β-cell function (HOMA-β) and glucose tolerance ability compared to the normal animals. Histopathological examination of their pancreas revealed corresponding pathological changes in the islets and β-cells. These alterations were reverted to near-normal after the treatment of XAAF at 150 (DXAL) and 300 (DXAH) mg/kg bw with the effects being more pronounced in the DXAH group compared to the DXAL group. Moreover, the effects in the animals of DXAH group were comparable to the diabetic metformin (DMF) treated animals. In addition, no significant alterations were observed in non-diabetic animals treated with 300 mg/kg bw of XAAF (NXAH). CONCLUSION The results of our study suggest that XAAF treatment showed excellent anti-diabetic effects in a T2D model of rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aminu Mohammed
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, (Westville Campus), Durban 4000, South Africa; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Neil Anthony Koorbanally
- Department of Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, (Westville Campus), Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Md Shahidul Islam
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, (Westville Campus), Durban 4000, South Africa.
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Benjamin S, Pradeep S, Josh MS, Kumar S, Masai E. A monograph on the remediation of hazardous phthalates. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 298:58-72. [PMID: 26004054 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Revised: 05/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates or phthalic acid esters are a group of xenobiotic and hazardous compounds blended in plastics to enhance their plasticity and versatility. Enormous quantities of phthalates are produced globally for the production of plastic goods, whose disposal and leaching out into the surroundings cause serious concerns to the environment, biota and human health. Though in silico computational, in vitro mechanistic, pre-clinical animal and clinical human studies showed endocrine disruption, hepatotoxic, teratogenic and carcinogenic properties, usage of phthalates continues due to their cuteness, attractive chemical properties, low production cost and lack of suitable alternatives. Studies revealed that microbes isolated from phthalate-contaminated environmental niches efficiently bioremediate various phthalates. Based upon this background, this review addresses the enumeration of major phthalates used in industry, routes of environmental contamination, evidences for health hazards, routes for in situ and ex situ microbial degradation, bacterial pathways involved in the degradation, major enzymes involved in the degradation process, half-lives of phthalates in environments, etc. Briefly, this handy module would enable the readers, environmentalists and policy makers to understand the impact of phthalates on the environment and the biota, coupled with the concerted microbial efforts to alleviate the burden of ever increasing load posed by phthalates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sailas Benjamin
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala 673 635, India.
| | - Selvanesan Pradeep
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala 673 635, India
| | - Moolakkariyil Sarath Josh
- Enzyme Technology Laboratory, Biotechnology Division, Department of Botany, University of Calicut, Kerala 673 635, India
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Solid and Hazardous Waste Management Division, CSIR-NEERI Nehru Marg, Nagpur 440 020, India
| | - Eiji Masai
- Department of Bioengineering, Nagaoka University of Technology, Nagaoka, Niigata 940-2137, Japan
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20
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Peng X, Wang X, Qi W, Huang R, Su R, He Z. Deciphering the binding patterns and conformation changes upon the bovine serum albumin-rosmarinic acid complex. Food Funct 2015; 6:2712-26. [PMID: 26146359 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00597c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Rosmarinic acid (RA) is an importantly and naturally occurring polyphenol from plants of the mint family with potent biological activities. Here, the in vitro interaction of RA with bovine serum albumin (BSA) has been investigated using various biophysical approaches as well as molecular modeling methods, to ascertain its binding mechanism and conformational changes. The fluorescence results demonstrated that the fluorescence quenching of BSA by RA was mainly the result of the formation of a ground state BSA-RA complex, and BSA had one high affinity RA binding site with a binding constant of 4.18 × 10(4) mol L(-1) at 298 K. Analysis of thermodynamic parameters revealed that hydrophobic and hydrogen bond interactions were the dominant intermolecular force in the complex formation. The primary binding site of RA in BSA (site I) had been identified by site marker competitive experiments. The distance between RA and the tryptophan residue of BSA was evaluated at 3.12 nm based on Förster's theory of non-radiation energy transfer. The UV-vis absorption, synchronous fluorescence, three-dimensional fluorescence, 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonic acid (ANS) fluorescence, circular dichroism (CD), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectra confirmed that the conformation and structure of BSA were altered in the presence of RA. Moreover, the nuclear magnetic spectroscopy showed that the aromatic groups of RA took part in the binding reaction during the BSA-RA complexation. In addition, the molecular picture of the interaction mechanism between BSA and RA at the atomic level was well examined by molecular docking and dynamics studies. In brief, RA can bind to BSA with noncovalent bonds in a relatively stable way, and these findings will be beneficial to the functional food research of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Peng
- School of Life Sciences, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
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21
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Li ZX, Li J, Li Y, You K, Xu H, Wang J. Novel insights into the apoptosis mechanism of DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor isoliquiritigenin on HCC tumor cell. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015; 464:548-53. [PMID: 26159926 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The inhibitory effect of DNA topoisomerase (Top I) by isoliquiritigenin(ISO) were investigated and their interaction mechanism was evaluated using methods including UV-vis absorption, fluorescence, coupled with molecular simulation, and using the MTT method of inhibition rate of HCC tumor cell SNU475 proliferation assay, finally, the interaction of ISO with calf thymus DNA was investigated by melting measurements and molecular docking studies. It was found that isoliquiritigenin reversibly inhibited DNA Top I in a competitive manner with the concentrations of ISO resulting in 50% activity lost (IC50) were estimated to be 0.178 ± 0.12 mM. Isoliquiritigenin exhibited a strong ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of Top I through a static quenching procedure. The positive values of enthalpy change and entropy change suggested that the binding of isoliquiritigenin to Top I was driven mainly by hydrophobic interactions. The molecular docking results revealed isoliquiritigenin actually interacted with the primary amino acid residues on the active site of Top I, and the detection results of fluorescence staining and the inhibitory effect on the growth of HCC SUN475 showed that isoliquiritigenin induced the apoptosis cells increased gradually. The interaction of ISO with DNA can cause the denaturation temperature to be increased, which indicated that the stabilization of the DNA helix was increased in the presence of ISO, which indicated that the results provide strong evidence for intercalative binding of ISO with DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Xin Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 453100, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 453100, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 453100, China
| | - Kun You
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 453100, China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 453100, China
| | - Jianguo Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, 453100, China.
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22
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Ma H, Wang L, Niesen DB, Cai A, Cho BP, Tan W, Gu Q, Xu J, Seeram NP. Structure Activity Related, Mechanistic, and Modeling Studies of Gallotannins containing a Glucitol-Core and α-Glucosidase. RSC Adv 2015; 5:107904-107915. [PMID: 26989482 PMCID: PMC4792293 DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19014b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallotannins containing a glucitol core, which are only produced by members of the maple (Acer) genus, are more potent α-glucosidase inhibitors than the clinical drug, acarbose. While this activity is influenced by the number of substituents on the glucitol core (e.g. more galloyl groups leads to increased activity), the mechanisms of inhibitory action are not known. Herein, we investigated ligand-enzyme interactions and binding mechanisms of a series of 'glucitol-core containing gallotannins (GCGs)' against the α-glucosidase enzyme. The GCGs included ginnalins A, B and C (containing two, one, and one galloyl/s, respectively), maplexin F (containing 3 galloyls) and maplexin J (containing 4 galloyls). All of the GCGs were noncompetitive inhibitors of α-glucosidase and their interactions with the enzyme were further explored using biophysical and spectroscopic measurements. Thermodynamic parameters (by isothermal titration calorimetry) revealed a 1:1 binding ratio between GCGs and α-glucosidase. The binding regions between the GCGs and α-glucosidase, probed by a fluorescent tag, 1,1'-bis(4-anilino-5-napththalenesulfonic acid, revealed that the GCGs decreased the hydrophobic surface of the enzyme. In addition, circular dichroism analyses showed that the GCGs bind to α-glucosidase and lead to loss of the secondary α-helix structure of the protein. Also, molecular modeling was used to predict the binding site between the GCGs and the α-glucosidase enzyme. This is the first study to evaluate the mechanisms of inhibitory activities of gallotannins containing a glucitol core on α-glucosidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang Ma
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 East Circle Road at University City, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Pre-Incubator for Innovative Drugs & Medicine, School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Daniel B. Niesen
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Ang Cai
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Bongsup P. Cho
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
| | - Wen Tan
- Pre-Incubator for Innovative Drugs & Medicine, School of Bioscience and Bioengineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Qiong Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 East Circle Road at University City, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jun Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, 132 East Circle Road at University City, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Navindra P. Seeram
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA
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23
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Liu M, Yin H, Liu G, Dong J, Qian Z, Miao J. Xanthohumol, a prenylated chalcone from beer hops, acts as an α-glucosidase inhibitor in vitro. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:5548-5554. [PMID: 24897556 DOI: 10.1021/jf500426z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Xanthohumol (XN) is a unique prenylated flavonoid in hops (Humulus lupulus L.) and beer. XN alleviates hyperglycemia and has potential usage in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In the present study, a series of in vitro experiments were performed to investigate whether XN was an effective inhibitor of α-glucosidase. The results showed that XN inhibited α-glucosidase in a reversible and noncompetitive manner, with an IC50 value of 8.8 μM and that XN inhibited the release of glucose from the maltose in the apical side of the Caco-2 cell monolayer. Fluorescence and circular dichroism spectra results indicated that XN directly bound to α-glucosidase and induced minor conformational changes of the enzyme. These results demonstrated that XN is a promising α-glucosidase inhibitor, which therefore could be used as functional food to alleviate postprandial hyperglycemia and as a potential candidate for the development of an antidiabetic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China , Qingdao 266003, China
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24
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Study of the Interaction Between Coenzyme Q10 and Human Serum Albumin: Spectroscopic Approach. J SOLUTION CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10953-014-0146-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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25
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Yan J, Zhang G, Pan J, Wang Y. α-Glucosidase inhibition by luteolin: kinetics, interaction and molecular docking. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 64:213-23. [PMID: 24333230 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
α-Glucosidase is a critical associated enzyme with type 2 diabetes mellitus in humans. Inhibition of α-glucosidase is important due to the potential effect of down regulating glucose absorption in patients. In this study, the inhibitory activity of flavone luteolin on α-glucosidase and their interaction mechanism were investigated by multispectroscopic methods along with molecular docking technique. It was found that luteolin reversibly inhibited α-glucosidase in a noncompetitive manner with an IC50 value of (1.72 ± 0.05) × 10(-4) mol L(-1), and the inhibition followed a multi-phase kinetic process with a first-order reaction. Luteolin had a strong ability to quench the intrinsic fluorescence of α-glucosidase through a static quenching procedure. The positive values of enthalpy and entropy change suggested that the binding of luteolin to α-glucosidase was driven mainly by hydrophobic interactions, and the binding distance was estimated to be 4.56 nm. Analysis of synchronous fluorescence, circular dichroism, and Fourier transform infrared spectra demonstrated that the binding of luteolin to α-glucosidase induced rearrangement and conformational changes of the enzyme. Moreover, the results obtained from molecular docking indicated that luteolin had a high affinity close to the active site pocket of α-glucosidase and indirectly inhibited the catalytic activity of the enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiakai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235, Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Guowen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235, Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Junhui Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235, Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yajie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235, Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
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26
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Jiang Z, Chen Y, Yao F, Chen W, Zhong S, Zheng F, Shi G. Antioxidant, antibacterial and antischistosomal activities of extracts from Grateloupia livida (Harv). Yamada. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80413. [PMID: 24312216 PMCID: PMC3843663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2013] [Accepted: 10/01/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was designated to evaluate the antioxidant, antibacterial and antischistosomal activities of Grateloupia livida (GL) extracts in vitro. A GL Ethanol extract (EE) was separated into petroleum ether (PE), ethyl acetate (EA), n-butyl alcohol (BuOH) and aqueous (AQ) fractions to fractionate the polar and non-polar compounds in the EE. Extracts antioxidant activities were evaluated in vitro by DPPH radical-scavenging, deoxyribose radical scavenging, and β-carotene bleaching assays, all using butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as the reference antioxidant compound. The most effective antioxidant properties were observed in the PE fraction in all three assays. Antimicrobial testing showed that the PE fraction exhibited broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, with the PE fraction also exhibiting strong activity against the human pathogenic trematode S. japonicum adult worm. In order to investigate the relationships between bioactivity and chemical composition, the chemical composition of the PE fraction was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). In total, 25 components were identified in the PE fraction, most of which have known antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. However, none of the compounds have reported activity against Schistosoma, suggesting that the schistosomicidal activity of the PE fraction may be related to minor constituents present in the extract, or governed by more intricate synergistic or additive relationships. Finally, fractions with the greatest biological activity displayed neither cellular cytotoxicity, at concentrations up to 100 ug/ml, or acute oral toxicity in mice, at doses up to 2000 mg/kg. Based on antioxidant, antimicrobial, antischistosomal activities, and low toxicity, the PE fraction possesses properties useful for food preservation and overall improvement of human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebin Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yicun Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Fen Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Weizhou Chen
- Marine Biology Institute, Shantou University, Shantou, China
| | - Shuping Zhong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Fuchun Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Ganggang Shi
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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27
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Liu Y, Ma L, Chen WH, Park H, Ke Z, Wang B. Binding Mechanism and Synergetic Effects of Xanthone Derivatives as Noncompetitive α-Glucosidase Inhibitors: A Theoretical and Experimental Study. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:13464-71. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4067235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Lin Ma
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Wen-Hua Chen
- School
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, PR China
| | - Hwangseo Park
- Department
of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, 98 Kunja-Dong, Kwangjin-Ku, Seoul 143-747, Korea
| | - Zhuofeng Ke
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
| | - Bo Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, PR China
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28
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He H, Lu YH. Comparison of inhibitory activities and mechanisms of five mulberry plant bioactive components against α-glucosidase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2013; 61:8110-8119. [PMID: 23909841 DOI: 10.1021/jf4019323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The α-glucosidase inhibitory effects of five bioactive components, namely 1-deoxynojirimycin, cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, resveratrol and oxyresveratrol contained in mulberry (Morus, Moraceae) plants have been compared. Spectroscopy methods were employed to compare their α-glucosidase inhibitory mechanisms. The results revealed that 1-deoxynojirimycin (competitive), resveratrol and oxyresveratrol (noncompetitive) were stronger inhibitors than acarbose, while cyanidin-3-glucoside and cyanidin-3-rutinoside (mix competitive and noncompetitive) showed modest activities. 1-Deoxynojirimycin, resveratrol and oxyresveratrol could quench the fluorescence spectra statically by forming stable complexes, while the quenching of cyanidin-3-rutinoside and cyanidin-3-glucoside belonged to dynamic quenching by the collision of molecules. The interactions between ligands and α-glucosidase were mainly driven by hydrophobic force, or hydrogen bonding consequently induced conformational changes and reduced surface hydrophobicity. Docking results suggested that they could bind to α-glucosidase at different sites. This work provides useful information for the understanding of the ligands-α-glucosidase interactions and identifies oxyresveratrol as a potent α-glucosidase inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, PR China
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29
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Su CH, Hsu CH, Ng LT. Inhibitory potential of fatty acids on key enzymes related to type 2 diabetes. Biofactors 2013; 39:415-21. [PMID: 23355366 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2012] [Accepted: 12/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the inhibitory mechanisms of fatty acids on key enzymes related to type 2 diabetes, and their effects on starch digestion rate. Among the 10 fatty acids analyzed, oleic acid showed the strongest anti-α-glucosidase activity, followed by linoleic acid, and their activities were more potent than acarbose, but they possessed a weaker anti-α-amylase activity. Kinetic assays demonstrated that oleic acid and linoleic acid were competitive inhibitors, and their interactions with α-glucosidase exhibited a character of static quenching, which indicates that they would bind to α-glucosidase to form a complex. However, they had little effects on the secondary structures of α-glucosidase. In vitro study showed that oleic acid and linoleic acid were more potent than acarbose in inhibiting starch digestion. Taken together, these results conclude that oleic acid and linoleic acid possess potent inhibitory effects on α-glucosidase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Han Su
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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30
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Yousefi R, Alavian-Mehr MM, Mokhtari F, Panahi F, Mehraban MH, Khalafi-Nezhad A. Pyrimidine-fused heterocycle derivatives as a novel class of inhibitors for α-glucosidase. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2012; 28:1228-35. [DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2012.727812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Reza Yousefi
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory (PCL), Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University,
Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Fatemeh Mokhtari
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory (PCL), Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University,
Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Chemistry, Shiraz University of Technology,
Shiraz, Iran
| | - Farhad Panahi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University,
Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohammad H. Mehraban
- Protein Chemistry Laboratory (PCL), Department of Biology, College of Sciences, Shiraz University,
Shiraz, Iran
| | - Ali Khalafi-Nezhad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University,
Shiraz, Iran
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31
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Synthesis and α-glucosidase inhibitory mechanisms of bis(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl) ether, a potential marine bromophenol α-glucosidase inhibitor. Mar Drugs 2011; 9:1554-1565. [PMID: 22131958 PMCID: PMC3225935 DOI: 10.3390/md9091554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2011] [Revised: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 08/08/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bis(2,3-dibromo-4,5-dihydroxybenzyl) ether (BDDE), derived from the marine algae, is a potential α-glucosidase inhibitor for type 2 diabetes treatment. In the present study, a synthetic route was established as a valid approach to obtain BDDE. Fluorescence spectra, circular dichroism spectra and molecular docking methods were employed to elucidate the inhibitory mechanisms of BDDE against α-glucosidase. The results showed that BDDE could be prepared effectively and efficiently with the established synthetic methods. Synthetic BDDE bound with α-glucosidase and induced minor conformational changes of the enzyme. The docking results indicated the interaction between BDDE and α-glucosidase was driven by both hydrophobic forces and hydrogen bonds. The docked BDDE molecule was completely buried in the α-glucosidase binding pocket with part of the molecule reaching the catalytic center and overlapping with the position of glucose, and the rest of the molecule extending towards protein surface. This study provides useful information for the understanding of the BDDE-α-glucosidase interaction and for the development of novel α-glucosidase inhibitors.
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