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Sugiyama S, Suda K, Kono K. Cytoplasmic zoning by protein phase transition after membrane permeabilization. J Biochem 2024; 175:147-153. [PMID: 37972304 PMCID: PMC10873517 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvad094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological membranes, including plasma membrane (PM) and organelle membranes, restrict the flux of ions, molecules and organelles. However, the barrier function of biological membranes is frequently compromised by various perturbations, including physical membrane damage and protein- or chemical-induced pore formation. Recent evidence suggests that, upon PM damage, protein gelation and solid condensation are utilized to restrict ion/molecule/organelle flux across the damaged membranes by zoning the cytoplasm. In addition, membrane permeabilization dramatically alters intramembrane and extramembrane ion/molecule concentrations via the flux across the permeabilized membrane. The changes in ion/molecule concentration and their downstream pathways induce protein phase transition to form zones for biological processes or protein sequestration. Here, we review the mechanisms and functions of protein phase transition after biological membrane permeabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinju Sugiyama
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Kojiro Suda
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
| | - Keiko Kono
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, 1919-1 Tancha, Onna, Okinawa, 904-0495, Japan
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2
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Zhouravleva GA, Bondarev SA, Trubitsina NP. How Big Is the Yeast Prion Universe? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11651. [PMID: 37511408 PMCID: PMC10380529 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The number of yeast prions and prion-like proteins described since 1994 has grown from two to nearly twenty. If in the early years most scientists working with the classic mammalian prion, PrPSc, were skeptical about the possibility of using the term prion to refer to yeast cytoplasmic elements with unusual properties, it is now clear that prion-like phenomena are widespread and that yeast can serve as a convenient model for studying them. Here we give a brief overview of the yeast prions discovered so far and focus our attention to the various approaches used to identify them. The prospects for the discovery of new yeast prions are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina A Zhouravleva
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stanislav A Bondarev
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nina P Trubitsina
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
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3
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Drozdova PB, Barbitoff YA, Belousov MV, Skitchenko RK, Rogoza TM, Leclercq JY, Kajava AV, Matveenko AG, Zhouravleva GA, Bondarev SA. Estimation of amyloid aggregate sizes with semi-denaturing detergent agarose gel electrophoresis and its limitations. Prion 2020; 14:118-128. [PMID: 32306832 PMCID: PMC7199750 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2020.1751574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Semi-denaturing detergent agarose gel electrophoresis (SDD-AGE) was proposed by Vitaly V. Kushnirov in the Michael D. Ter-Avanesyan’s laboratory as a method to compare sizes of amyloid aggregates. Currently, this method is widely used for amyloid investigation, but mostly as a qualitative approach. In this work, we assessed the possibilities and limitations of the quantitative analysis of amyloid aggregate size distribution using SDD-AGE results. For this purpose, we used aggregates of two well-characterized yeast amyloid-forming proteins, Sup35 and Rnq1, and developed a protocol to standardize image analysis and process the result. A detailed investigation of factors that may affect the results of SDD-AGE revealed that both the cell lysis method and electrophoresis conditions can substantially affect the estimation of aggregate size. Despite this, quantitative analysis of SDD-AGE results is possible when one needs to estimate and compare the size of aggregates on the same gel, or even in different experiments, if the experimental conditions are tightly controlled and additional standards are used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina B Drozdova
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Institute of Biology, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Yury A Barbitoff
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail V Belousov
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Laboratory for Proteomics of Supra-Organismal Systems, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Rostislav K Skitchenko
- International Research Institute of Bioengineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatyana M Rogoza
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg Branch, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Jeremy Y Leclercq
- Centre de Recherche En Biologie Cellulaire De Montpellier, UMR 5237 CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Andrey V Kajava
- International Research Institute of Bioengineering, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Centre de Recherche En Biologie Cellulaire De Montpellier, UMR 5237 CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Andrew G Matveenko
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Galina A Zhouravleva
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Stanislav A Bondarev
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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4
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Bondarev SA, Bondareva OV, Zhouravleva GA, Kajava AV. BetaSerpentine: a bioinformatics tool for reconstruction of amyloid structures. Bioinformatics 2018; 34:599-608. [PMID: 29444233 DOI: 10.1093/bioinformatics/btx629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Motivation Numerous experimental studies have suggested that polypeptide chains of large amyloidogenic regions zig-zag in β-serpentine arrangements. These β-serpentines are stacked axially and form the superpleated β-structure. Despite this progress in the understanding of amyloid folds, the determination of their 3D structure at the atomic level is still a problem due to the polymorphism of these fibrils and incompleteness of experimental structural data. Today, the way to get insight into the atomic structure of amyloids is a combination of experimental studies with bioinformatics. Results We developed a computer program BetaSerpentine that reconstructs β-serpentine arrangements from individual β-arches predicted by ArchCandy program and ranks them in order of preference. It was shown that the BetaSerpentine program in combination with the experimental data can be used to gain insight into the detailed 3D structure of amyloids. It opens avenues to the structure-based interpretation and design of the experiments. Availability and implementation BetaSerpentine webserver can be accessed through website: http://bioinfo.montp.cnrs.fr/b-serpentine. Source code is available in git.hub repository (github.com/stanislavspbgu/BetaSerpentine). Contact stanislavspbgu@gmail.com or andrey.kajava@crbm.cnrs.fr. Supplementary information Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislav A Bondarev
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology and Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Olga V Bondareva
- Laboratory of Molecular Systematics, Zoological Institute RAS, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Galina A Zhouravleva
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology and Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Andrey V Kajava
- Structural Bioinformatics and Molecular Modeling, Centre de Recherche en Biologie Cellulaire de Montpellier, CNRS, Université Montpellier, Montpellier 34293, France.,Institut de Biologie Computationnelle, Montpellier 34095, France.,Bioengineering Department, University ITMO, Saint Petersburg, 197101, Russia
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5
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Establishment of Constraints on Amyloid Formation Imposed by Steric Exclusion of Globular Domains. J Mol Biol 2018; 430:3835-3846. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2018.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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6
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Chernova TA, Kiktev DA, Romanyuk AV, Shanks JR, Laur O, Ali M, Ghosh A, Kim D, Yang Z, Mang M, Chernoff YO, Wilkinson KD. Yeast Short-Lived Actin-Associated Protein Forms a Metastable Prion in Response to Thermal Stress. Cell Rep 2017; 18:751-761. [PMID: 28099852 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2016.12.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 12/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-perpetuating ordered protein aggregates (amyloids and prions) are associated with a variety of neurodegenerative disorders. Although environmental agents have been linked to certain amyloid diseases, the molecular basis of their action remains unclear. We have employed endogenous yeast prions as a model system to study environmental control of amyloid formation. A short-lived actin-associated yeast protein Lsb2 can trigger prion formation by other proteins in a mode regulated by the cytoskeleton and ubiquitin-dependent processes. Here, we show that such a heterologous prion induction is due to the ability of Lsb2 to form a transient prion state, generated in response to thermal stress. Evolutionary acquisition of prion-inducing activity by Lsb2 is traced to a single amino acid change, coinciding with the acquisition of thermotolerance in the Saccharomyces yeast lineage. This raises the intriguing possibility that the transient prion formation could aid in functioning of Lsb2 at higher temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A Chernova
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
| | - Denis A Kiktev
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-2000, USA; Laboratory of Amyloid Biology and Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Andrey V Romanyuk
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-2000, USA
| | - John R Shanks
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Oskar Laur
- Division of Microbiology, Yerkes Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Moiez Ali
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Abheek Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Dami Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Maggie Mang
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Yury O Chernoff
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-2000, USA; Laboratory of Amyloid Biology and Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia.
| | - Keith D Wilkinson
- Department of Biochemistry, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
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7
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Malinovska L, Alberti S. Protein misfolding in Dictyostelium: Using a freak of nature to gain insight into a universal problem. Prion 2016; 9:339-46. [PMID: 26529309 PMCID: PMC4964863 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2015.1099799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Prion-like proteins can undergo conformational rearrangements from an intrinsically disordered to a highly ordered amyloid state. This ability to change conformation is encoded in distinctive domains, termed prion domains (PrDs). Previous work suggests that PrDs change conformation to affect protein function and create phenotypic diversity. More recent work shows that PrDs can also undergo many weak interactions when disordered, allowing them to organize the intracellular space into dynamic compartments. However, mutations within PrDs and altered aggregation properties have also been linked to age-related diseases in humans. Thus, the physiological role of prion-like proteins, the mechanisms regulating their conformational promiscuity and the links to disease are still unclear. Here, we summarize recent work with prion-like proteins in Dictyostelium discoideum. This work was motivated by the finding that D. discoideum has the highest content of prion-like proteins of all organisms investigated to date. Surprisingly, we find that endogenous and exogenous prion-like proteins remain soluble in D. discoideum and do not misfold and aggregate. We provide evidence that this is due to specific adaptations in the protein quality control machinery, which may allow D. discoideum to tolerate its highly aggregation-prone proteome. We predict that D. discoideum will be an important model to study the function of prion-like proteins and their mechanistic links to disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Malinovska
- a Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics ; Dresden , Germany
| | - Simon Alberti
- a Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics ; Dresden , Germany
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8
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Du Z, Zhang Y, Li L. The Yeast Prion [SWI(+)] Abolishes Multicellular Growth by Triggering Conformational Changes of Multiple Regulators Required for Flocculin Gene Expression. Cell Rep 2015; 13:2865-78. [PMID: 26711350 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2015.11.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2015] [Revised: 10/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Although transcription factors are prevalent among yeast prion proteins, the role of prion-mediated transcriptional regulation remains elusive. Here, we show that the yeast prion [SWI(+)] abolishes flocculin (FLO) gene expression and results in a complete loss of multicellularity. Further investigation demonstrates that besides Swi1, multiple other proteins essential for FLO expression, including Mss11, Sap30, and Msn1 also undergo conformational changes and become inactivated in [SWI(+)] cells. Moreover, the asparagine-rich region of Mss11 can exist as prion-like aggregates specifically in [SWI(+)] cells, which are SDS resistant, heritable, and curable, but become metastable after separation from [SWI(+)]. Our findings thus reveal a prion-mediated mechanism through which multiple regulators in a biological pathway can be inactivated. In combination with the partial loss-of-function phenotypes of [SWI(+)] cells on non-glucose sugar utilization, our data therefore demonstrate that a prion can influence distinct traits differently through multi-level regulations, providing insights into the biological roles of prions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E. Superior Street, Searle 7-650, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Ying Zhang
- College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, No. 3 Shangyuan Residence, Haidian District, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Liming Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 320 E. Superior Street, Searle 7-650, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
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9
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Lu X, Murphy RM. Asparagine Repeat Peptides: Aggregation Kinetics and Comparison with Glutamine Repeats. Biochemistry 2015. [PMID: 26204228 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Amino acid repeat runs are common occurrences in eukaryotic proteins, with glutamine (Q) and asparagine (N) as particularly frequent repeats. Abnormal expansion of Q-repeat domains causes at least nine neurodegenerative disorders, most likely because expansion leads to protein misfolding, aggregation, and toxicity. The linkage between Q-repeats and disease has motivated several investigations into the mechanism of aggregation and the role of Q-repeat length in aggregation. Curiously, glutamine repeats are common in vertebrates, whereas N-repeats are virtually absent in vertebrates, but common in invertebrates. One hypothesis for the lack of N-repeats in vertebrates is biophysical; that is, there is strong selective pressure in higher organisms against aggregation-prone proteins. If true, then asparagine and glutamine repeats must differ substantially in their aggregation properties despite their chemical similarities. In this work, aggregation of peptides with asparagine repeats of variable length (12-24) were characterized and compared to that of similar peptides with glutamine repeats. As with glutamine, aggregation of N-repeat peptides was strongly length-dependent. Replacement of glutamine with asparagine caused a subtle shift in the conformation of the monomer, which strongly affected the rate of aggregation. Specifically, N-repeat peptides adopted β-turn structural elements, leading to faster self-assembly into globular oligomers and much more rapid conversion into fibrillar aggregates, compared to Q-repeat peptides. These biophysical differences may account for the differing biological roles of N- versus Q-repeat domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Lu
- †Biophysics Program and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Regina M Murphy
- †Biophysics Program and ‡Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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10
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Abstract
The prion paradigm has emerged as a unifying molecular principle for the pathogenesis of many age-related neurodegenerative diseases. This paradigm holds that a fundamental cause of specific disorders is the misfolding and seeded aggregation of certain proteins. The concept arose from the discovery that devastating brain diseases called spongiform encephalopathies are transmissible to new hosts by agents consisting solely of a misfolded protein, now known as the prion protein. Accordingly, "prion" was defined as a "proteinaceous infectious particle." As the concept has expanded to include other diseases, many of which are not infectious by any conventional definition, the designation of prions as infectious agents has become problematic. We propose to define prions as "proteinaceous nucleating particles" to highlight the molecular action of the agents, lessen unwarranted apprehension about the transmissibility of noninfectious proteopathies, and promote the wider acceptance of this revolutionary paradigm by the biomedical community.
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11
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Smaldino PJ, Read DF, Pratt-Hyatt M, Hopper AK, Engelke DR. The cytoplasmic and nuclear populations of the eukaryote tRNA-isopentenyl transferase have distinct functions with implications in human cancer. Gene 2014; 556:13-8. [PMID: 25261850 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2014.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 09/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mod5 is the yeast tRNA isopentenyl transferase, an enzyme that is conserved from bacteria to humans. Mod5 is primarily cytoplasmic where it modifies the A37 position of a few tRNAs, and the yeast enzyme has been shown capable of forming heritable, amyloid-like aggregates that confer a selective advantage in the presence of specific antifungal agents. A subpopulation of Mod5 is also found associated with nuclear tRNA genes, where it contributes tRNA-gene mediated (tgm) silencing of local transcription by RNA polymerase II. The tgm-silencing function of Mod5 has been observed in yeast and a Mod5-deletion in yeast can be complemented by the plant and human tRNA isopentenyl transferases, but not the bacterial enzymes, possibly due to the lack of an extended C-terminal domain found in eukaryotes. In light of this additional nuclear role for Mod5 we discuss the proposed role of the human homologue of Mod5, TRIT1, as a tumor suppressor protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- P J Smaldino
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | - D F Read
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - M Pratt-Hyatt
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; The Great Plains Laboratory, 11813W. 77th St. Lenexa KS 66214, USA
| | - A K Hopper
- Department of Molecular Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - D R Engelke
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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