1
|
Tamura M, Fujii N, Takeuchi T, Tsuyuguchi M, Tanikawa T, Oka S, Hatanaka T, Kishimoto S, Kato R, Arata Y. Method for Preparing Recombinant Galectin-2 Protein without Escherichia coli-Specific Post-translational Modifications. Biol Pharm Bull 2023; 46:1676-1682. [PMID: 38044091 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b23-00344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-2 (Gal-2) is an animal lectin with specificity for β-galactosides. It is predominantly expressed and suggested to play a protective function in the gastrointestinal tract; therefore, it can be used as a protein drug. Recombinant proteins have been expressed using Escherichia coli and used to study the function of Gal-2. The recombinant human Gal-2 (hGal-2) protein purified via affinity chromatography after being expressed in E. coli was not completely homogeneous. Mass spectrometry confirmed that some recombinant Gal-2 were phosphogluconoylated. In contrast, the recombinant mouse Gal-2 (mGal-2) protein purified using affinity chromatography after being expressed in E. coli contained a different form of Gal-2 with a larger molecular weight. This was due to mistranslating the original mGal-2 stop codon TGA to tryptophan (TGG). In this report, to obtain a homogeneous Gal-2 protein for further studies, we attempted the following methods: for hGal-2, 1) replacement of the lysine (Lys) residues, which was easily phosphogluconoylated with arginine (Arg) residues, and 2) addition of histidine (His)-tag on the N-terminus of the recombinant protein and cleavage with protease after expression; for mGal-2, 3) changing the stop codon from TGA to TAA, which is commonly used in E. coli. We obtained an almost homogeneous recombinant Gal-2 protein (human and mouse). These results have important implications for using Gal-2 as a protein drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Masato Tsuyuguchi
- Structural Biology Research Center, Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization KEK
| | - Takashi Tanikawa
- Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Saori Oka
- Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University
| | - Tomomi Hatanaka
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
- Tokai University School of Medicine
| | - Seishi Kishimoto
- Radioisotope Research Center, Teikyo University
- Center for Promotion of Pharmaceutical Education, Showa Pharmaceutical University
| | - Ryuichi Kato
- Structural Biology Research Center, Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization KEK
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Nicolas-Francès V, Rossi J, Rosnoblet C, Pichereaux C, Hichami S, Astier J, Klinguer A, Wendehenne D, Besson-Bard A. S-Nitrosation of Arabidopsis thaliana Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 1 Prevents Its Irreversible Oxidation by Hydrogen Peroxide. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:807249. [PMID: 35222471 PMCID: PMC8867174 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.807249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Tyrosine-specific protein tyrosine phosphatases (Tyr-specific PTPases) are key signaling enzymes catalyzing the removal of the phosphate group from phosphorylated tyrosine residues on target proteins. This post-translational modification notably allows the regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades during defense reactions. Arabidopsis thaliana protein tyrosine phosphatase 1 (AtPTP1), the only Tyr-specific PTPase present in this plant, acts as a repressor of H2O2 production and regulates the activity of MPK3/MPK6 MAPKs by direct dephosphorylation. Here, we report that recombinant histidine (His)-AtPTP1 protein activity is directly inhibited by H2O2 and nitric oxide (NO) exogenous treatments. The effects of NO are exerted by S-nitrosation, i.e., the formation of a covalent bond between NO and a reduced cysteine residue. This post-translational modification targets the catalytic cysteine C265 and could protect the AtPTP1 protein from its irreversible oxidation by H2O2. This mechanism of protection could be a conserved mechanism in plant PTPases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Nicolas-Francès
- Agroécologie, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jordan Rossi
- Agroécologie, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Claire Rosnoblet
- Agroécologie, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Carole Pichereaux
- Fédération de Recherche (FR3450), Agrobiosciences, Interactions et Biodiversité (FRAIB), CNRS, Toulouse, France
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse UPS, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - Siham Hichami
- Agroécologie, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Jeremy Astier
- Agroécologie, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Agnès Klinguer
- Agroécologie, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - David Wendehenne
- Agroécologie, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Angélique Besson-Bard
- Agroécologie, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Université de Bourgogne, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Nunoue T, Yamaguchi S, Teshigawara S, Katayama A, Nakatsuka A, Eguchi J, Niki T, Wada J. Lgals9 deficiency ameliorates obesity by modulating redox state of PRDX2. Sci Rep 2021; 11:5991. [PMID: 33727589 PMCID: PMC7966757 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The adipose tissue is regarded as an endocrine organ and secretes bioactive adipokines modulating chronic inflammation and oxidative stress in obesity. Gal-9 is secreted out upon cell injuries, interacts with T-cell immunoglobulin-3 (Tim-3) and induces apoptosis in activated Th1 cells. Gal-9 also binds to protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), maintains PDI on surface of T cells, and increases free thiols in the disulfide/thiol cycles. To explore the molecular mechanism of obesity, we investigated Gal-9−/− and Gal-9wt/wt C57BL/6J mice fed with high fat-high sucrose (HFHS) chow. Gal-9−/− mice were resistant to diet-induced obesity associated with reduction of epididymal and mesenteric fat tissues and improved glucose tolerance compared with Gal-9wt/wt mice. However, the number of M1, M2 macrophages, and M1/M2 ratio in epididymal fat were unaltered. Under HFHS chow, Gal-9−/− mice receiving Gal-9−/− or Gal-9wt/wt bone marrow-derived cells (BMCs) demonstrated significantly lower body weight compared with Gal-9wt/wt mice receiving Gal-9−/− BMCs. We identified the binding between Gal-9 and peroxiredoxin-2 (PRDX2) in sugar chain-independent manner by nanoLC-MS/MS, immunoprecipitation, and pull-down assay. In 3T3L1 adipocytes, Gal-9 knockdown shifts PRDX2 monomer (reduced form) dominant from PRDX2 dimer (oxidized form) under oxidative stress with H2O2. The inhibition of Gal-9 in adipocytes may be a new therapeutic approach targeting the oxidative stress and subsequent glucose intolerance in obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tomokazu Nunoue
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yamaguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Sanae Teshigawara
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Akihiro Katayama
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Atsuko Nakatsuka
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Jun Eguchi
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan
| | - Toshiro Niki
- Department of Immunology, Kagawa University, Takamatsu, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Jun Wada
- Department of Nephrology, Rheumatology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies LGALS2 as an oxidative stress-responsive gene with an inhibitory function on colon tumor growth. Oncogene 2020; 40:177-188. [PMID: 33110234 PMCID: PMC7790754 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-020-01523-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the United States and the third most common cancer in men and women. Around 20% colon cancer cases are closely linked with colitis. Both environmental and genetic factors are thought to contribute to colon inflammation and tumor development. However, the genetic factors regulating colitis and colon tumorigenesis remain elusive. Since reactive oxygen species (ROS) is vitally involved in tissue inflammation and tumorigenesis, here we employed a genome-wide CRISPR knockout screening approach to systemically identify the genetic factors involved in the regulation of oxidative stress. Next generation sequencing (NGS) showed that over 600 gRNAs including the ones targeting LGALS2 were highly enriched in cells survived after sublethal H2O2 challenge. LGALS2 encodes the glycan-binding protein Galectin 2 (Gal2), which is predominantly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and downregulated in human colon tumors. To examine the role of Gal2 in colitis, we employed the dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced acute colitis model in mice with (WT) or without Lgals2 (Gal2-KO) and showed that Gal2 deficiency ameliorated DSS-induced colitis. We further demonstrated that Gal2-KO mice developed significantly larger tumors than WT mice using Azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced colorectal cancer model. We found that STAT3 phosphorylation was significantly increased in Gal2-deficient tumors as compared to those in WT mice. Gal2 overexpression decreased the proliferation of human colon tumor epithelial cells and blunted H2O2-induced STAT3 phosphorylation. Overall, our results demonstrate that Gal2 plays a suppressive role in colon tumor growth and highlights the therapeutic potential of Gal2 in colon cancer.
Collapse
|
5
|
Sasaki T, Saito R, Oyama M, Takeuchi T, Tanaka T, Natsume H, Tamura M, Arata Y, Hatanaka T. Galectin-2 Has Bactericidal Effects against Helicobacter pylori in a β-galactoside-Dependent Manner. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21082697. [PMID: 32295066 PMCID: PMC7215486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21082697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori is associated with the onset of gastritis, peptic ulcers, and gastric cancer. Galectins are a family of β-galactoside-binding proteins involved in diverse biological phenomena. Galectin-2 (Gal-2), a member of the galectin family, is predominantly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract. Although some galectin family proteins are involved in immunoreaction, the role of Gal-2 against H. pylori infection remains unclear. In this study, the effects of Gal-2 on H. pylori morphology and survival were examined. Gal-2 induced H. pylori aggregation depending on β-galactoside and demonstrated a bactericidal effect. Immunohistochemical staining of the gastric tissue indicated that Gal-2 existed in the gastric mucus, as well as mucosa. These results suggested that Gal-2 plays a role in innate immunity against H. pylori infection in gastric mucus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takaharu Sasaki
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Saitama 350-0295, Japan; (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.O.); (T.T.); (T.T.); (H.N.)
| | - Rei Saito
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Saitama 350-0295, Japan; (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.O.); (T.T.); (T.T.); (H.N.)
| | - Midori Oyama
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Saitama 350-0295, Japan; (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.O.); (T.T.); (T.T.); (H.N.)
| | - Tomoharu Takeuchi
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Saitama 350-0295, Japan; (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.O.); (T.T.); (T.T.); (H.N.)
| | - Toru Tanaka
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Saitama 350-0295, Japan; (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.O.); (T.T.); (T.T.); (H.N.)
| | - Hideshi Natsume
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Saitama 350-0295, Japan; (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.O.); (T.T.); (T.T.); (H.N.)
| | - Mayumi Tamura
- Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2–11–1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173–8605, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.A.)
| | - Yoichiro Arata
- Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2–11–1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173–8605, Japan; (M.T.); (Y.A.)
| | - Tomomi Hatanaka
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, 1-1 Keyakidai, Saitama 350-0295, Japan; (T.S.); (R.S.); (M.O.); (T.T.); (T.T.); (H.N.)
- Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259–1193, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-49-271-7675
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tamura M, Tanaka T, Fujii N, Tanikawa T, Oka S, Takeuchi T, Hatanaka T, Kishimoto S, Arata Y. Potential Interaction between Galectin-2 and MUC5AC in Mouse Gastric Mucus. Biol Pharm Bull 2020; 43:356-360. [PMID: 32009121 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b19-00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Galectins are a group of animal lectins characterized by their specificity for β-galactosides. Of these, galectin-2 (Gal-2) is predominantly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract. In the current study, we used a mouse gastric mucous fraction to investigate whether Gal-2 is secreted from epithelial cells and identify its potential ligands in gastric mucus. Gal-2 was detected in the mouse gastric mucous fraction and could be eluted from it by the addition of lactose. Affinity chromatography using recombinant mouse galectin-2 (mGal-2)-immobilized adsorbent and subsequent LC-MS/MS identified MUC5AC, one of the major gastric mucin glycoproteins, as a potential ligand of mGal-2. Furthermore, MUC5AC was detected in the mouse gastric mucous fraction by Western blotting, and recombinant mGal-2 was adsorbed to this fraction in a carbohydrate-dependent manner. These results suggested that Gal-2 and MUC5AC in mouse gastric mucus interact in a β-galactoside-dependent manner, resulting in a stronger barrier structure protecting the mucosal surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Toru Tanaka
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | | | - Takashi Tanikawa
- Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University.,Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Saori Oka
- Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University
| | | | - Tomomi Hatanaka
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University.,Tokai University School of Medicine
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tamura M, Arata Y. Expression, S-Nitrosylation, and Measurement of S-Nitrosylation Ratio of Recombinant Galectin-2. Methods Mol Biol 2020; 2132:55-63. [PMID: 32306314 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0430-4_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
S-nitrosylation, which involves the coupling of an NO group to the reactive thiol of Cys residue(s) in a polypeptide, is an important posttranslational modification detected in a variety of proteins. Here, we present the S-nitrosylation of recombinant galectin-2 (Gal-2) using S-nitrosocysteine and the measurement of the molecular ratio of S-nitrosylation of Cys residues in the Gal-2 protein.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Tamura
- Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Arata
- Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Robinson BS, Arthur CM, Evavold B, Roback E, Kamili NA, Stowell CS, Vallecillo-Zúniga ML, Van Ry PM, Dias-Baruffi M, Cummings RD, Stowell SR. The Sweet-Side of Leukocytes: Galectins as Master Regulators of Neutrophil Function. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1762. [PMID: 31440233 PMCID: PMC6693361 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Among responders to microbial invasion, neutrophils represent one of the earliest and perhaps most important factors that contribute to initial host defense. Effective neutrophil immunity requires their rapid mobilization to the site of infection, which requires efficient extravasation, activation, chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and eventual killing of potential microbial pathogens. Following pathogen elimination, neutrophils must be eliminated to prevent additional host injury and subsequent exacerbation of the inflammatory response. Galectins, expressed in nearly every tissue and regulated by unique sensitivity to oxidative and proteolytic inactivation, appear to influence nearly every aspect of neutrophil function. In this review, we will examine the impact of galectins on neutrophils, with a particular focus on the unique biochemical traits that allow galectin family members to spatially and temporally regulate neutrophil function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Robinson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Connie M Arthur
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Birk Evavold
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Ethan Roback
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Nourine A Kamili
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Caleb S Stowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | | | - Pam M Van Ry
- Department of Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, United States
| | - Marcelo Dias-Baruffi
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Richard D Cummings
- Department of Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Takeuchi T, Tamura M, Ishiwata K, Hamasaki M, Hamano S, Arata Y, Hatanaka T. Galectin-2 suppresses nematode development by binding to the invertebrate-specific galactoseβ1-4fucose glyco-epitope. Glycobiology 2019; 29:504-512. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoharu Takeuchi
- Josai University, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tamura
- Teikyo University, Faculty of Pharma-Science, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenji Ishiwata
- The Jikei University School of Medicine, Department of Tropical Medicine, 3-25-8, Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Megumi Hamasaki
- Nagasaki University, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
- Nagasaki University, The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Hamano
- Nagasaki University, Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
- Nagasaki University, The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
- Nagasaki University, Leading Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Arata
- Teikyo University, Faculty of Pharma-Science, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomomi Hatanaka
- Josai University, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1-1 Keyakidai, Sakado, Saitama, Japan
- Tokai University, School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ekwemalor K, Adjei-Fremah S, Asiamah E, Eluka-Okoludoh E, Osei B, Worku M. Systemic expression of galectin genes in periparturient goats. Small Rumin Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
|
11
|
Tamura M, Sato D, Nakajima M, Saito M, Sasaki T, Tanaka T, Hatanaka T, Takeuchi T, Arata Y. Identification of Galectin-2-Mucin Interaction and Possible Formation of a High Molecular Weight Lattice. Biol Pharm Bull 2018; 40:1789-1795. [PMID: 28966253 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b17-00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Galectins comprise a group of animal lectins characterized by their specificity for β-galactosides. Galectin-2 (Gal-2) is predominantly expressed in the gastrointestinal tract and has been identified as one of the main gastric mucosal proteins that are proposed to have a protective role in the stomach. As Gal-2 is known to form homodimers in solution, this may result in crosslinking of macromolecules with the sugar structures recognized by Gal-2. In this study, we report that Gal-2 could interact with mucin, an important component of gastric mucosa, in a β-galactoside-dependent manner. Furthermore, Gal-2 and mucin could form an insoluble precipitate, potentially through the crosslinking of mucins via Gal-2 and the formation of a lattice, resulting in a large insoluble complex. Therefore, we suggest that Gal-2 plays a role in the gastric mucosa by strengthening the barrier structure through crosslinking the mucins on the mucosal surface.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Tamura
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Dai Sato
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Moeko Nakajima
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Masanori Saito
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Takaharu Sasaki
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Toru Tanaka
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Tomomi Hatanaka
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University.,Tokai University School of Medicine
| | | | - Yoichiro Arata
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Robinson BS, Arthur CM, Kamili NA, Stowell SR. Galectin Regulation of Host Microbial Interactions. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2018. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.1738.1se] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brian S. Robinson
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine
| | - Connie M. Arthur
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine
| | - Nourine A. Kamili
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine
| | - Sean R. Stowell
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Sakakura M, Tamura M, Fujii N, Takeuchi T, Hatanaka T, Kishimoto S, Arata Y, Takahashi H. Structural mechanisms for the S-nitrosylation-derived protection of mouse galectin-2 from oxidation-induced inactivation revealed by NMR. FEBS J 2018; 285:1129-1145. [PMID: 29392834 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Galectin-2 (Gal-2) is a lectin thought to play protective roles in the gastrointestinal tract. Oxidation of mouse Gal-2 (mGal-2) by hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) results in the loss of sugar-binding activity, whereas S-nitrosylation of mGal-2, which does not change its sugar-binding profile, has been shown to protect the protein from H2 O2 -induced inactivation. One of the two cysteine residues, C57, has been identified as being responsible for controlling H2 O2 -induced inactivation; however, the underlying molecular mechanism has not been elucidated. We performed structural analyses of mGal-2 using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and found that residues near C57 experienced significant chemical shift changes following S-nitrosylation, and that S-nitrosylation slowed the H2 O2 -induced aggregation of mGal-2. We also revealed that S-nitrosylation improves the thermal stability of mGal-2 and that the solvent accessibility and/or local dynamics of residues near C57 and the local dynamics of the core-forming residues in mGal-2 are reduced by S-nitrosylation. Structural models of Gal-2 indicated that C57 is located in a hydrophobic pocket that can be plugged by S-nitrosylation, which was supported by the NMR experiments. Based on these results, we propose two structural mechanisms by which S-nitrosylation protects mGal-2 from H2 O2 -induced aggregation without changing its sugar-binding profile: (a) stabilization of the hydrophobic pocket around C57 that prevents oxidation-induced destabilization of the pocket, and (b) prevention of oxidation of C57 during the transiently unfolded state of the protein, in which the residue is exposed to H2 O2 . DATABASE Nuclear magnetic resonance assignments for non-S-nitrosylated mGal-2 and S-nitrosylated mGal-2 have been deposited in the BioMagResBank (http://www.bmrb.wisc.edu/) under ID code 27237 for non-S-nitrosylated mGal-2 and ID code 27238 for S-nitrosylated mGal-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masayoshi Sakakura
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tamura
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Norihiko Fujii
- Radioisotope Research Center, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomoharu Takeuchi
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tomomi Hatanaka
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan.,Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Seishi Kishimoto
- Radioisotope Research Center, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan.,Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Arata
- School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University, Saitama, Japan.,Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideo Takahashi
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Kanagawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kamili NA, Arthur CM, Gerner-Smidt C, Tafesse E, Blenda A, Dias-Baruffi M, Stowell SR. Key regulators of galectin-glycan interactions. Proteomics 2017; 16:3111-3125. [PMID: 27582340 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201600116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Protein-ligand interactions serve as fundamental regulators of numerous biological processes. Among protein-ligand pairs, glycan binding proteins (GBPs) and the glycans they recognize represent unique and highly complex interactions implicated in a broad range of regulatory activities. With few exceptions, cell surface receptors and secreted proteins are heavily glycosylated. As these glycans often represent highly regulatable post-translational modifications, alterations in glycosylation can fundamentally impact GBP recognition. Among GBPs, galectins in particular appear to engage a diverse set of glycan determinants to impact a broad range of biological processes. In this review, we will explore factors that impact galectin activity, including the effect of glycan modification on galectin-glycan interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nourine A Kamili
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Connie M Arthur
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Christian Gerner-Smidt
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Eden Tafesse
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Anna Blenda
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Biology, Erskine College, Due West, SC, USA
| | - Marcelo Dias-Baruffi
- Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| | - Sean R Stowell
- Center for Transfusion Medicine and Cellular Therapies, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Clinical Analyses, Toxicology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|