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Nishizawa H, Matsumoto M, Yamanaka M, Irikura R, Nakajima K, Tada K, Nakayama Y, Konishi M, Itoh N, Funayama R, Nakayama K, Igarashi K. BACH1 inhibits senescence, obesity, and short lifespan by ferroptotic FGF21 secretion. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114403. [PMID: 38943639 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a type of regulated cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. A model cell system is constructed to induce ferroptosis by re-expressing the transcription factor BACH1, a potent ferroptosis inducer, in immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (iMEFs). The transfer of the culture supernatant from ferroptotic iMEFs activates the proliferation of hepatoma cells and other fibroblasts and suppresses cellular senescence-like features. The BACH1-dependent secretion of the longevity factor FGF21 is increased in ferroptotic iMEFs. The anti-senescent effects of the culture supernatant from these iMEFs are abrogated by Fgf21 knockout. BACH1 activates the transcription of Fgf21 by promoting ferroptotic stress and increases FGF21 protein expression by suppressing its autophagic degradation through transcriptional Sqstm1 and Lamp2 repression. The BACH1-induced ferroptotic FGF21 secretion suppresses obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice and the short lifespan of progeria mice. The inhibition of these aging-related phenotypes can be physiologically significant regarding ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironari Nishizawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mie Yamanaka
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institute, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Riko Irikura
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuma Nakajima
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tada
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Department of Pediatric Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Nakayama
- Laboratory of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Hyogo 658-8558, Japan
| | - Morichika Konishi
- Laboratory of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Kobe, Hyogo 658-8558, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Itoh
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Ryo Funayama
- Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Department of Cell Proliferation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Keiko Nakayama
- Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Department of Cell Proliferation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan; Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan.
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Luo X, Tang X. Single-cell RNA sequencing in juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Genes Dis 2024; 11:633-644. [PMID: 37692495 PMCID: PMC10491939 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2023.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is one of the most common chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases in children, with onset before age 16 and lasting for more than 6 weeks. JIA is a highly heterogeneous condition with various consequences for health and quality of life. For some JIA patients, early detection and intervention remain challenging. As a result, further investigation of the complex and unknown mechanisms underlying JIA is required. Advances in technology now allow us to describe the biological heterogeneity and function of individual cell populations in JIA. Through this review, we hope to provide novel ideas and potential targets for the diagnosis and treatment of JIA by summarizing the current findings of single-cell RNA sequencing studies and understanding how the major cell subsets drive JIA pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiwen Luo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Xuemei Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Child Infection and Immunity, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
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3
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Irikura R, Nishizawa H, Nakajima K, Yamanaka M, Chen G, Tanaka K, Onodera M, Matsumoto M, Igarashi K. Ferroptosis model system by the re-expression of BACH1. J Biochem 2023; 174:239-252. [PMID: 37094356 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvad036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a regulated cell death induced by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. The heme-responsive transcription factor BTB and CNC homology 1 (BACH1) promotes ferroptosis by repressing the transcription of genes involved in glutathione (GSH) synthesis and intracellular labile iron metabolism, which are key regulatory pathways in ferroptosis. We found that BACH1 re-expression in Bach1-/- immortalized mouse embryonic fibroblasts (iMEFs) can induce ferroptosis upon 2-mercaptoethanol removal, without any ferroptosis inducers. In these iMEFs, GSH synthesis was reduced, and intracellular labile iron levels were increased upon BACH1 re-expression. We used this system to investigate whether the major ferroptosis regulators glutathione peroxidase 4 (Gpx4) and apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondria-associated 2 (Aifm2), the gene for ferroptosis suppressor protein 1, are target genes of BACH1. Neither Gpx4 nor Aifm2 was regulated by BACH1 in the iMEFs. However, we found that BACH1 represses AIFM2 transcription in human pancreatic cancer cells. These results suggest that the ferroptosis regulators targeted by BACH1 may vary across different cell types and animal species. Furthermore, we confirmed that the ferroptosis induced by BACH1 re-expression exhibited a propagating effect. BACH1 re-expression represents a new strategy for inducing ferroptosis after GPX4 or system Xc- suppression and is expected to contribute to future ferroptosis research.
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Key Words
- BACH1 Abbreviations: AIFM2, apoptosis-inducing factor mitochondria-associated 2; ANOVA, analysis of variance; BACH1, BTB and CNC homology 1; Bach1−/− mice, Bach1 knockout mice; BTB, Broad complex, Tramtrack, Bric-a-brac domain; bZIP, basic leucine zipper; ChIP-seq, chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing; CNC, Cap‘n’Collar region; DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole; DFX, deferasirox; DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide; EMT, epithelial–mesenchymal transition; Ferr-1, ferrostatin-1; FINs, ferroptosis inducers; FSP1, Ferroptosis suppressor protein 1; Fth1, ferritin heavy chain 1; Ftl, ferritin light chain; GCL, glutamate-cysteine ligase; Gclc, GCL catalytic subunit; Gclm, GCL modifier subunit; GEO, Gene Expression Omnibus; GPX4, glutathione peroxidase 4; GSH, glutathione; HO-1 (Hmox1), heme oxygenase 1; iMEFs, immortalized MEFs; KuO, Kusabira Orange; MAFK, musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog bZIP transcription factor K; mBACH1, Bach1 gene of Mus musculus; 2-ME, 2-mercaptoethanol; MEFs, mouse embryonic fibroblasts; NRF2, nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2; NSA, necrosulfonamide; PDAC, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; PI, Propidium iodide; Ptgs2, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2; RSL3, (1S,3R)-RSL3; Slc40a1, solute carrier family 40 member 1; Slc7a11, solute carrier family 7 member 11; TFRC, transferrin receptor 1; Z-VAD.FMK, Benzyloxycarbonyl-Val-Ala-Asp (OMe) fluoromethylketone
- extracellular signal
- ferroptosis
- fibroblasts
- transcription
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Affiliation(s)
- Riko Irikura
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hironari Nishizawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuma Nakajima
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mie Yamanaka
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Gladstone Institutes, 1650 Owens Street, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Guan Chen
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kozo Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Oncology, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer (IDAC), Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masafumi Onodera
- Gene & Cell Therapy Promotion Center, National Center for Child Health and Development, 2-10-1 Okura, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 157-8535, Japan
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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Liao R, Bresnick EH. Heme as a differentiation-regulatory transcriptional cofactor. Int J Hematol 2022; 116:174-181. [PMID: 35776402 PMCID: PMC10170499 DOI: 10.1007/s12185-022-03404-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The hematopoietic transcription factor GATA1 induces heme accumulation during erythropoiesis by directly activating genes mediating heme biosynthesis. In addition to its canonical functions as a hemoglobin prosthetic group and enzyme cofactor, heme regulates gene expression in erythroid cells both transcriptionally and post-transcriptionally. Heme binding to the transcriptional repressor BACH1 triggers its proteolytic degradation. In heme-deficient cells, BACH1 accumulates and represses transcription of target genes, including α- and β-like globin genes, preventing the accumulation of cytotoxic free globin chains. A recently described BACH1-independent mechanism of heme-dependent transcriptional regulation is associated with a DNA motif termed heme-regulated motif (HERM), which resides at the majority of loci harboring heme-regulated chromatin accessibility sites. Progress on these problems has led to a paradigm in which cell type-specific transcriptional mechanisms determine the expression of enzymes mediating the synthesis of small molecules, which generate feedback loops, converging upon the transcription factor itself and the genome. This marriage between transcription factors and the small molecules that they control is predicted to be a canonical attribute of regulatory networks governing cell state transitions such as differentiation in the hematopoietic system and more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Liao
- Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Avenue, 4009 WIMR, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Emery H Bresnick
- Wisconsin Blood Cancer Research Institute, Department of Cell and Regenerative Biology, Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Avenue, 4009 WIMR, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
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5
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Ahuja M, Ammal Kaidery N, Attucks OC, McDade E, Hushpulian DM, Gaisin A, Gaisina I, Ahn YH, Nikulin S, Poloznikov A, Gazaryan I, Yamamoto M, Matsumoto M, Igarashi K, Sharma SM, Thomas B. Bach1 derepression is neuroprotective in a mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2111643118. [PMID: 34737234 PMCID: PMC8694049 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2111643118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative movement disorder characterized by the loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons. Mounting evidence suggests that Nrf2 is a promising target for neuroprotective interventions in PD. However, electrophilic chemical properties of the canonical Nrf2-based drugs cause irreversible alkylation of cysteine residues on cellular proteins resulting in side effects. Bach1 is a known transcriptional repressor of the Nrf2 pathway. We report that Bach1 levels are up-regulated in PD postmortem brains and preclinical models. Bach1 knockout (KO) mice were protected against 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity and associated oxidative damage and neuroinflammation. Functional genomic analysis demonstrated that the neuroprotective effects in Bach1 KO mice was due to up-regulation of Bach1-targeted pathways that are associated with both Nrf2-dependent antioxidant response element (ARE) and Nrf2-independent non-ARE genes. Using a proprietary translational technology platform, a drug library screen identified a substituted benzimidazole as a Bach1 inhibitor that was validated as a nonelectrophile. Oral administration of the Bach1 inhibitor attenuated MPTP neurotoxicity in pre- and posttreatment paradigms. Bach1 inhibitor-induced neuroprotection was associated with the up-regulation of Bach1-targeted pathways in concurrence with the results from Bach1 KO mice. Our results suggest that genetic deletion as well as pharmacologic inhibition of Bach1 by a nonelectrophilic inhibitor is a promising therapeutic approach for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuj Ahuja
- Darby Children's Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Navneet Ammal Kaidery
- Darby Children's Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | | | | | - Dmitry M Hushpulian
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 109028, Russia
| | - Arsen Gaisin
- Integrated Molecular Structure Education and Research Center, Northwestern University, IL 60208
| | - Irina Gaisina
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Young Hoon Ahn
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202
| | - Sergey Nikulin
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 109028, Russia
| | - Andrey Poloznikov
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 109028, Russia
| | - Irina Gazaryan
- Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow 109028, Russia
- Department of Chemical Enzymology, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
- Department of Chemistry and Physical Sciences, Pace University, Pleasantville, NY 10570
| | - Masayuki Yamamoto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8573, Japan
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Sudarshana M Sharma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hollings Cancer Center, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
| | - Bobby Thomas
- Darby Children's Research Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425;
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
- Department of Drug Discovery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425
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Gao DK, Salomonis N, Henderlight M, Woods C, Thakkar K, Grom AA, Thornton S, Jordan MB, Wikenheiser-Brokamp KA, Schulert GS. IFN-γ is essential for alveolar macrophage driven pulmonary inflammation in macrophage activation syndrome. JCI Insight 2021; 6:e147593. [PMID: 34314387 PMCID: PMC8492332 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.147593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophage activation syndrome (MAS) is a life-threatening cytokine storm complicating systemic juvenile idiopathic arthritis (SJIA) driven by IFNγ. SJIA and MAS are associated with an unexplained emerging lung disease (SJIA-LD), with our recent work supporting pulmonary activation of IFNγ pathways pathologically linking SJIA-LD and MAS. Our objective was to mechanistically define the novel observation of pulmonary inflammation in the TLR9 mouse model of MAS. In acute MAS, lungs exhibit mild but diffuse CD4-predominant, perivascular interstitial inflammation with elevated IFNγ, IFN-induced chemokines, and AMΦ expression of IFNγ-induced genes. Single-cell RNA-sequencing confirmed IFN-driven transcriptional changes across lung cell types with myeloid expansion and detection of MAS-specific macrophage populations. Systemic MAS resolution was associated with increased AMΦ and interstitial lymphocytic infiltration. AMΦ transcriptomic analysis confirmed IFNγ-induced proinflammatory polarization during acute MAS, which switches towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype after systemic MAS resolution. Interestingly, recurrent MAS led to increased alveolar inflammation and lung injury, and reset AMΦ polarization towards a proinflammatory state. Furthermore, in mice bearing macrophages insensitive to IFNγ, both systemic feature of MAS and pulmonary inflammation were attenuated. These findings demonstrate that experimental MAS induces IFNγ-driven pulmonary inflammation replicating key features of SJIA-LD, and provides a model system for testing novel treatments directed towards SJIA-LD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denny K Gao
- Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Maggie Henderlight
- Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Christopher Woods
- Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Kairavee Thakkar
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Alexei A Grom
- Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Sherry Thornton
- Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | - Michael B Jordan
- Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America
| | | | - Grant S Schulert
- Division of Rheumatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, United States of America
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Hao S, Zhu X, Liu Z, Wu X, Li S, Jiang P, Jiang L. Chronic intermittent hypoxia promoted lung cancer stem cell-like properties via enhancing Bach1 expression. Respir Res 2021; 22:58. [PMID: 33596919 PMCID: PMC7890965 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND An adverse role for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in cancer aggressiveness and mortality has recently emerged from clinical and animal studies, and the reasons have not been fully determined. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are regarded as the main cause of carcinoma metastasis. So far, the relationship between OSA and lung CSCs has not been explored. METHOD In the present study, we established an orthotopic mouse model of primary lung cancer and utilized chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) exposure to mimic OSA status. RESULTS We observed that CIH endows lung cancer with greater metastatic potential, evidenced by increased tumor growth, tumor seeding, and upregulated CSC-related gene expression in the lungs. Notably, the transcription factor BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1), a key factor in responding to conditions of oxidative stress, is increased in lung cancer after CIH exposure in vitro and in vivo. Meanwhile, exposing lung cancer cells to CIH promoted cell proliferation, clonal diversity, induced stem-like cell marker expression, and gave rise to CSCs at a relatively higher frequency. Furthermore, the increase of mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) and CSC-marker expression induced by CIH exposure was abolished in Bach1 shRNA-treated lung cancer cells. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that CIH promoted lung CSC-like properties by activating mtROS, which was partially mediated by Bach1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyu Hao
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Clinical Center for Sleep Breathing Disorder and Snoring, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaodan Zhu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Clinical Center for Sleep Breathing Disorder and Snoring, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zilong Liu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xiaodan Wu
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Clinical Center for Sleep Breathing Disorder and Snoring, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shanqun Li
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Clinical Center for Sleep Breathing Disorder and Snoring, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Pan Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Clinical Center for Sleep Breathing Disorder and Snoring, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Liyan Jiang
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Clinical Center for Sleep Breathing Disorder and Snoring, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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8
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Rayees S, Rochford I, Joshi JC, Joshi B, Banerjee S, Mehta D. Macrophage TLR4 and PAR2 Signaling: Role in Regulating Vascular Inflammatory Injury and Repair. Front Immunol 2020; 11:2091. [PMID: 33072072 PMCID: PMC7530636 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.02091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages play a central role in dictating the tissue response to infection and orchestrating subsequent repair of the damage. In this context, macrophages residing in the lungs continuously sense and discriminate among a wide range of insults to initiate the immune responses important to host-defense. Inflammatory tissue injury also leads to activation of proteases, and thereby the coagulation pathway, to optimize injury and repair post-infection. However, long-lasting inflammatory triggers from macrophages can impair the lung's ability to recover from severe injury, leading to increased lung vascular permeability and neutrophilic injury, hallmarks of Acute Lung Injury (ALI). In this review, we discuss the roles of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and protease activating receptor 2 (PAR2) expressed on the macrophage cell-surface in regulating lung vascular inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheikh Rayees
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ian Rochford
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jagdish Chandra Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Bhagwati Joshi
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Somenath Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Dolly Mehta
- Department of Pharmacology and Center for Lung and Vascular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, United States
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9
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Kerschner JL, Paranjapye A, Yin S, Skander DL, Bebek G, Leir SH, Harris A. A functional genomics approach to investigate the differentiation of iPSCs into lung epithelium at air-liquid interface. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:9853-9870. [PMID: 32692488 PMCID: PMC7520342 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The availability of robust protocols to differentiate induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into many human cell lineages has transformed research into the origins of human disease. The efficacy of differentiating iPSCs into specific cellular models is influenced by many factors including both intrinsic and extrinsic features. Among the most challenging models is the generation of human bronchial epithelium at air‐liquid interface (HBE‐ALI), which is the gold standard for many studies of respiratory diseases including cystic fibrosis. Here, we perform open chromatin mapping by ATAC‐seq and transcriptomics by RNA‐seq in parallel, to define the functional genomics of key stages of the iPSC to HBE‐ALI differentiation. Within open chromatin peaks, the overrepresented motifs include the architectural protein CTCF at all stages, while motifs for the FOXA pioneer and GATA factor families are seen more often at early stages, and those regulating key airway epithelial functions, such as EHF, are limited to later stages. The RNA‐seq data illustrate dynamic pathways during the iPSC to HBE‐ALI differentiation, and also the marked functional divergence of different iPSC lines at the ALI stages of differentiation. Moreover, a comparison of iPSC‐derived and lung donor‐derived HBE‐ALI cultures reveals substantial differences between these models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny L Kerschner
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Alekh Paranjapye
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Shiyi Yin
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Dannielle L Skander
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Gurkan Bebek
- Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Graduate Program, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Center for Proteomics and Bioinformatics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Department of Nutrition, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Shih-Hsing Leir
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ann Harris
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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10
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Cohen B, Tempelhof H, Raz T, Oren R, Nicenboim J, Bochner F, Even R, Jelinski A, Eilam R, Ben-Dor S, Adaddi Y, Golani O, Lazar S, Yaniv K, Neeman M. BACH family members regulate angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis by modulating VEGFC expression. Life Sci Alliance 2020; 3:e202000666. [PMID: 32132179 PMCID: PMC7063472 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202000666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are key processes during embryogenesis as well as under physiological and pathological conditions. Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGFC), the ligand for both VEGFR2 and VEGFR3, is a central lymphangiogenic regulator that also drives angiogenesis. Here, we report that members of the highly conserved BACH (BTB and CNC homology) family of transcription factors regulate VEGFC expression, through direct binding to its promoter. Accordingly, down-regulation of bach2a hinders blood vessel formation and impairs lymphatic sprouting in a Vegfc-dependent manner during zebrafish embryonic development. In contrast, BACH1 overexpression enhances intratumoral blood vessel density and peritumoral lymphatic vessel diameter in ovarian and lung mouse tumor models. The effects on the vascular compartment correlate spatially and temporally with BACH1 transcriptional regulation of VEGFC expression. Altogether, our results uncover a novel role for the BACH/VEGFC signaling axis in lymphatic formation during embryogenesis and cancer, providing a novel potential target for therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Batya Cohen
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hanoch Tempelhof
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Tal Raz
- Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Roni Oren
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Julian Nicenboim
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Filip Bochner
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ron Even
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Adam Jelinski
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Raya Eilam
- Department of Veterinary Resources, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shifra Ben-Dor
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yoseph Adaddi
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Ofra Golani
- Life Sciences Core Facilities, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Shlomi Lazar
- Department of Pharmacology, Israel Institute for Biological Research, Ness-Ziona, Israel
| | - Karina Yaniv
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michal Neeman
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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11
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Nishizawa H, Matsumoto M, Shindo T, Saigusa D, Kato H, Suzuki K, Sato M, Ishii Y, Shimokawa H, Igarashi K. Ferroptosis is controlled by the coordinated transcriptional regulation of glutathione and labile iron metabolism by the transcription factor BACH1. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:69-82. [PMID: 31740582 PMCID: PMC6952604 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.009548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent programmed cell death event, whose regulation and physiological significance remain to be elucidated. Analyzing transcriptional responses of mouse embryonic fibroblasts exposed to the ferroptosis inducer erastin, here we found that a set of genes related to oxidative stress protection is induced upon ferroptosis. We considered that up-regulation of these genes attenuates ferroptosis induction and found that the transcription factor BTB domain and CNC homolog 1 (BACH1), a regulator in heme and iron metabolism, promotes ferroptosis by repressing the transcription of a subset of the erastin-induced protective genes. We noted that these genes are involved in the synthesis of GSH or metabolism of intracellular labile iron and include glutamate-cysteine ligase modifier subunit (Gclm), solute carrier family 7 member 11 (Slc7a11), ferritin heavy chain 1 (Fth1), ferritin light chain 1 (Ftl1), and solute carrier family 40 member 1 (Slc40a1). Ferroptosis has also been previously shown to induce cardiomyopathy, and here we observed that Bach1-/- mice are more resistant to myocardial infarction than WT mice and that the severity of ischemic injury is decreased by the iron-chelator deferasirox, which suppressed ferroptosis. Our findings suggest that BACH1 represses genes that combat labile iron-induced oxidative stress, and ferroptosis is stimulated at the transcriptional level by BACH1 upon disruption of the balance between the transcriptional induction of protective genes and accumulation of iron-mediated damage. We propose that BACH1 controls the threshold of ferroptosis induction and may represent a therapeutic target for alleviating ferroptosis-related diseases, including myocardial infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironari Nishizawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Shindo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Daisuke Saigusa
- Department of Integrative Genomics, Tohoku University Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8573, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kato
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Katsushi Suzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Masaki Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yusho Ishii
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimokawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
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12
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Chen S, Yang J, Wei Y, Wei X. Epigenetic regulation of macrophages: from homeostasis maintenance to host defense. Cell Mol Immunol 2019; 17:36-49. [PMID: 31664225 PMCID: PMC6952359 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-019-0315-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Macrophages are crucial members of the innate immune response and important regulators. The differentiation and activation of macrophages require the timely regulation of gene expression, which depends on the interaction of a variety of factors, including transcription factors and epigenetic modifications. Epigenetic changes also give macrophages the ability to switch rapidly between cellular programs, indicating the ability of epigenetic mechanisms to affect phenotype plasticity. In this review, we focus on key epigenetic events associated with macrophage fate, highlighting events related to the maintenance of tissue homeostasis, responses to different stimuli and the formation of innate immune memory. Further understanding of the epigenetic regulation of macrophages will be helpful for maintaining tissue integrity, preventing chronic inflammatory diseases and developing therapies to enhance host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Chen
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Jing Yang
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Xiawei Wei
- Laboratory of Aging Research and Cancer Drug Target, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin Road, 610041, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China.
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13
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Bach1: Function, Regulation, and Involvement in Disease. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1347969. [PMID: 30370001 PMCID: PMC6189649 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1347969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The transcription factor BTB and CNC homology 1 (Bach1) is widely expressed in most mammalian tissues and functions primarily as a transcriptional suppressor by heterodimerizing with small Maf proteins and binding to Maf recognition elements in the promoters of targeted genes. It has a key regulatory role in the production of reactive oxygen species, cell cycle, heme homeostasis, hematopoiesis, and immunity and has been shown to suppress ischemic angiogenesis and promote breast cancer metastasis. This review summarizes how Bach1 controls these and other cellular and physiological and pathological processes. Bach1 expression and function differ between different cell types. Thus, therapies designed to manipulate Bach1 expression will need to be tightly controlled and tailored for each specific disease state or cell type.
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14
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Infection perturbs Bach2- and Bach1-dependent erythroid lineage 'choice' to cause anemia. Nat Immunol 2018; 19:1059-1070. [PMID: 30250186 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-018-0202-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Elucidation of how the differentiation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) is reconfigured in response to the environment is critical for understanding the biology and disorder of hematopoiesis. Here we found that the transcription factors (TFs) Bach2 and Bach1 promoted erythropoiesis by regulating heme metabolism in committed erythroid cells to sustain erythroblast maturation and by reinforcing erythroid commitment at the erythro-myeloid bifurcation step. Bach TFs repressed expression of the gene encoding the transcription factor C/EBPβ, as well as that of its target genes encoding molecules important for myelopoiesis and inflammation; they achieved the latter by binding to their regulatory regions also bound by C/EBPβ. Lipopolysaccharide diminished the expression of Bach TFs in progenitor cells and promoted myeloid differentiation. Overexpression of Bach2 in HSPCs promoted erythroid development and inhibited myelopoiesis. Knockdown of BACH1 or BACH2 in human CD34+ HSPCs impaired erythroid differentiation in vitro. Thus, Bach TFs accelerate erythroid commitment by suppressing the myeloid program at steady state. Anemia of inflammation and myelodysplastic syndrome might involve reduced activity of Bach TFs.
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15
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T'Jonck W, Guilliams M, Bonnardel J. Niche signals and transcription factors involved in tissue-resident macrophage development. Cell Immunol 2018; 330:43-53. [PMID: 29463401 PMCID: PMC6108424 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 02/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Tissue-resident macrophages form an essential part of the first line of defense in all tissues of the body. Next to their immunological role, they play an important role in maintaining tissue homeostasis. Recently, it was shown that they are primarily of embryonic origin. During embryogenesis, precursors originating in the yolk sac and fetal liver colonize the embryonal tissues where they develop into mature tissue-resident macrophages. Their development is governed by two distinct sets of transcription factors. First, in the pre-macrophage stage, a core macrophage program is established by lineage-determining transcription factors. Under the influence of tissue-specific signals, this core program is refined by signal-dependent transcription factors. This nurturing by the niche allows the macrophages to perform tissue-specific functions. In the last 15 years, some of these niche signals and transcription factors have been identified. However, detailed insight in the exact mechanism of development is still lacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wouter T'Jonck
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Ontogeny and Functional Specialization, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Gent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
| | - Martin Guilliams
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Ontogeny and Functional Specialization, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Gent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Gent, Belgium
| | - Johnny Bonnardel
- Laboratory of Myeloid Cell Ontogeny and Functional Specialization, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Gent, Belgium; Department of Biomedical Molecular Biology, Ghent University, Technologiepark 927, 9052 Gent, Belgium.
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16
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Miura Y, Morooka M, Sax N, Roychoudhuri R, Itoh-Nakadai A, Brydun A, Funayama R, Nakayama K, Satomi S, Matsumoto M, Igarashi K, Muto A. Bach2 Promotes B Cell Receptor-Induced Proliferation of B Lymphocytes and Represses Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitors. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2018; 200:2882-2893. [PMID: 29540581 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1601863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BTB and CNC homology 2 (Bach2) is a transcriptional repressor that is required for the formation of the germinal center (GC) and reactions, including class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation of Ig genes in B cells, within the GC. Although BCR-induced proliferation is essential for GC reactions, the function of Bach2 in regulating B cell proliferation has not been elucidated. In this study, we demonstrate that Bach2 is required to sustain high levels of B cell proliferation in response to BCR signaling. Following BCR engagement in vitro, B cells from Bach2-deficient (Bach2-/-) mice showed lower incorporation of BrdU and reduced cell cycle progression compared with wild-type cells. Bach2-/- B cells also underwent increased apoptosis, as evidenced by an elevated frequency of sub-G1 cells and early apoptotic cells. Transcriptome analysis of BCR-engaged B cells from Bach2-/- mice revealed reduced expression of the antiapoptotic gene Bcl2l1 encoding Bcl-xL and elevated expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) family genes, including Cdkn1a, Cdkn2a, and Cdkn2b Reconstitution of Bcl-xL expression partially rescued the proliferation defect of Bach2-/- B cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments showed that Bach2 bound to the CKI family genes, indicating that these genes are direct repression targets of Bach2. These findings identify Bach2 as a requisite factor for sustaining high levels of BCR-induced proliferation, survival, and cell cycle progression, and it promotes expression of Bcl-xL and repression of CKI genes. BCR-induced proliferation defects may contribute to the impaired GC formation observed in Bach2-/- mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Miura
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Division of Advanced Surgical Science and Technology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mizuho Morooka
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Nicolas Sax
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Rahul Roychoudhuri
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Signalling and Development, The Babraham Institute, CB22 3AT Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Ari Itoh-Nakadai
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Andrey Brydun
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Ryo Funayama
- Department of Cell Proliferation, United Center for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Keiko Nakayama
- Department of Cell Proliferation, United Center for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Susumu Satomi
- Division of Advanced Surgical Science and Technology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; and
- AMED-CREST, Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan
| | - Akihiko Muto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan;
- Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan; and
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17
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Ebina-Shibuya R, Matsumoto M, Kuwahara M, Jang KJ, Sugai M, Ito Y, Funayama R, Nakayama K, Sato Y, Ishii N, Okamura Y, Kinoshita K, Kometani K, Kurosaki T, Muto A, Ichinose M, Yamashita M, Igarashi K. Inflammatory responses induce an identity crisis of alveolar macrophages, leading to pulmonary alveolar proteinosis. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:18098-18112. [PMID: 28916727 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.808535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a severe respiratory disease characterized by dyspnea caused by accumulation of surfactant protein. Dysfunction of alveolar macrophages (AMs), which regulate the homeostasis of surfactant protein, leads to the development of PAP; for example, in mice lacking BTB and CNC homology 2 (Bach2). However, how Bach2 helps prevent PAP is unknown, and the cell-specific effects of Bach2 are undefined. Using mice lacking Bach2 in specific cell types, we found that the PAP phenotype of Bach2-deficient mice is due to Bach2 deficiency in more than two types of immune cells. Depletion of hyperactivated T cells in Bach2-deficient mice restored normal function of AMs and ameliorated PAP. We also found that, in Bach2-deficient mice, hyperactivated T cells induced gene expression patterns that are specific to other tissue-resident macrophages and dendritic cells. Moreover, Bach2-deficient AMs exhibited a reduction in cell cycle progression. IFN-γ released from T cells induced Bach2 expression in AMs, in which Bach2 then bound to regulatory regions of inflammation-associated genes in myeloid cells. Of note, in AMs, Bach2 restricted aberrant responses to excessive T cell-induced inflammation, whereas, in T cells, Bach2 puts a brake on T cell activation. Moreover, Bach2 stimulated the expression of multiple histone genes in AMs, suggesting a role of Bach2 in proper histone expression. We conclude that Bach2 is critical for the maintenance of AM identity and self-renewal in inflammatory environments. Treatments targeting T cells may offer new therapeutic strategies for managing secondary PAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Risa Ebina-Shibuya
- From the Department of Biochemistry.,the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 1-1, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Mitsuyo Matsumoto
- From the Department of Biochemistry.,Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Makoto Kuwahara
- the Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Kyoung-Jin Jang
- the Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science, Kyoto University Hospital, Yoshidakonoe-machi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.,the Division of Molecular Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformative Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Fukui, Matsuokashimoaizuki 23-3, Yoshida-gun Eiheiji-cho, Fukui 980-1193, Japan
| | - Manabu Sugai
- the Department of Experimental Therapeutics, Institute for Advancement of Clinical and Translational Science, Kyoto University Hospital, Yoshidakonoe-machi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.,the Division of Molecular Genetics, Department of Biochemistry and Bioinformative Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Fukui, Matsuokashimoaizuki 23-3, Yoshida-gun Eiheiji-cho, Fukui 980-1193, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Ito
- the Cancer Stem Cells and Biology Programme, Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Ryo Funayama
- Department of Cell Proliferation, United Center for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine.,Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | - Keiko Nakayama
- Department of Cell Proliferation, United Center for Advanced Research and Translational Medicine.,Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
| | | | | | - Yasunobu Okamura
- the Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-3-09, Aramaki, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kengo Kinoshita
- the Graduate School of Information Sciences, Tohoku University, Aoba 6-3-09, Aramaki, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Kohei Kometani
- the RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Suehiro-cho 1-7-22, Yokohama Tsurumi-ku, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan, and
| | - Tomohiro Kurosaki
- the RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Suehiro-cho 1-7-22, Yokohama Tsurumi-ku, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan, and.,the WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, 565-0871, Japan
| | | | - Masakazu Ichinose
- the Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 1-1, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8574, Japan
| | - Masakatsu Yamashita
- the Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime University, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Igarashi
- From the Department of Biochemistry, .,Center for Regulatory Epigenome and Diseases, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Seiryo-machi 2-1, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8575, Japan
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18
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Sato Y, Kato H, Ebina-Shibuya R, Itoh-Nakadai A, Okuyama R, Igarashi K. Bach2 Controls Homeostasis of Eosinophils by Restricting the Type-2 Helper Function of T Cells. TOHOKU J EXP MED 2017; 241:175-182. [PMID: 28216546 DOI: 10.1620/tjem.241.175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bach2 is a transcription factor which represses its target genes and plays important roles in the differentiation of B and T lymphoid cells. Bach2-deficient (KO) mice develop severe pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, which is associated with increased numbers of granulocytes and T cells. Bach2 is essential for the regulation of T cells, but its role in the regulation of granulocytes is not clear. Here, we observed increased numbers of eosinophils but not neutrophils in the bone marrow, spleen, peripheral blood, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids of Bach2 KO mice compared with those of wild-type (WT) mice. Upon co-transplantation of the bone marrow cells from CD45.2 Bach2 KO and CD45.1/CD45.2 double-positive WT mice to irradiated WT CD45.1/CD45.2 mice, the reconstituted numbers of eosinophils were similar between Bach2 KO and WT cells. These results showed that the deficiency of Bach2 in eosinophils did not directly drive the differentiation of eosinophils. To investigate the effect of Bach2 KO CD4+ T cells upon eosinophils, we analyzed Rag2/Bach2-double deficient (dKO) mice which lack lymphocytes including CD4+ T cells. Rag2/Bach2 dKO mice did not show any increase in the numbers of eosinophils. Importantly, Bach2 KO mice showed an increase of interleukin-5 (Il-5) in the sera compared with WT mice. These results suggest that up-regulated functions of CD4+ T cells including secretion of Il-5 resulted in proliferation and/or migration to peripheral tissues of eosinophils in Bach2 KO mice. We propose that Bach2 controls homeostasis of eosinophils via restricting the production of Il-5 in CD4+ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sato
- Department of Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
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