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Nam K, Nègre N, Saldamando Benjumea CI. Two host-plant strains in the fall armyworm. INSECT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 38437152 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
The fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) is one of the major pest insects damaging diverse crops including cotton, corn, rice, and sorghum. Fall armyworms have been identified as two morphologically indistinguishable strains, the corn strain, and the rice strain, named after their preferred host-plants. Although initially recognized as host-plant strains, there has been an ongoing debate regarding whether the corn and rice strains should be considered as such. In this article, we present arguments based on recent population genomics studies supporting that these two strains should be considered to be host-plant strains. Furthermore, host-plant adaptation appears to be a driving evolutionary force responsible for incipient speciation in the fall armyworm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiwoong Nam
- DGIMI, Université de Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - Nicolas Nègre
- DGIMI, Université de Montpellier, INRAE, Montpellier, France
| | - Clara Ines Saldamando Benjumea
- Grupo de Biotecnología-Vegetal UNALMED-CIB, Laboratorio de Ecología y Evolución de Insectos 16-223, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biociencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
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2
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Akinbuluma MD, van Schaijk RAH, Roessingh P, Groot AT. Region-Specific Variation in the Electrophysiological Responses of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) to Synthetic Sex Pheromone Compounds. J Chem Ecol 2024:10.1007/s10886-024-01479-w. [PMID: 38421546 DOI: 10.1007/s10886-024-01479-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), is a global pest that feeds on > 350 plant species and causes major yield loses. Variation in the responses of S. frugiperda males to female sex pheromone compounds affects the detection, monitoring and management of the pest. We determined geographic variation in the responses of S. frugiperda males to four different doses of synthetic sex pheromone compounds using a gas chromatography-electroantennogram detector (GC-EAD). Furthermore, we disentangled regional populations into C- and R- mitotypes via molecular analysis of the cytochrome oxidase I gene, and measured their responses to the compounds. When comparing responses of males from Florida, Benin, Nigeria and Kenya, we found some regional differences in the responses of S. frugiperda males to the major compound, Z9-14:OAc and minor component Z9-12:OAc. However, we found no differences in male responses between the different African countries. All males showed significantly higher antennal responses to Z7-12:OAc than to E7-12:OAc. When comparing the mitotypes, we found that Florida R-type males showed higher responses to Z9-14:OAc, Z7-12:OAc and Z9-12:OAc than Benin R-type males, while C-type males from both regions responded equally to Z7-12:OAc. In addition, Florida R-type males showed higher responses to E7-12:OAc than Florida C-type males. Our study thus shows some differential physiological responses of S. frugiperda males towards the known sex pheromone compounds, including E7-12:OAc, but mostly in the different mitotypes. How these differences translate to field trap catches remains to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mobolade D Akinbuluma
- Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Department of Crop Protection and Environmental Biology, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
| | - Renée A H van Schaijk
- Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Roessingh
- Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Astrid T Groot
- Department of Evolutionary and Population Biology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Ashok K, Bhargava CN, Asokan R, Pradeep C, Kennedy JS, Manamohan M, Rai A. CRISPR/Cas9 mediated mutagenesis of the major sex pheromone gene, acyl-CoA delta-9 desaturase (DES9) in Fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126557. [PMID: 37657567 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
The Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda is a significant global pest causing serious yield loss on several staple crops. In this regard, this pest defies several management approaches based on chemicals, Bt transgenics etc., requiring effective alternatives. Recently CRISPR/Cas9 mediated genome editing has opened up newer avenues to establish functions of various target genes before employing them for further application. The virgin female moths of S. frugiperda emit sex pheromones to draw conspecific males. Therefore, we have edited the key pheromone synthesis gene, fatty acyl-CoA Delta-9 desaturase (DES9) of the Indian population of S. frugiperda. In order to achieve a larger deletion of the DES9, we have designed two single guide RNA (sgRNA) in sense and antisense direction targeting the first exon instead of a single guide RNA. The sgRNA caused site-specific knockout with a larger deletion which impacted the mating. Crossing studies between wild male and mutant female resulted in no fecundity, while fecundity was normal when mutant male crossed with the wild female. This indicates that mating disruption is stronger in females where DES9 is mutated. The current work is the first of its kind to show that DES9 gene editing impacted the likelihood of mating in S. frugiperda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karuppannasamy Ashok
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru 560089, Karnataka, India; Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore 641003, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Chikmagalur Nagaraja Bhargava
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru 560089, Karnataka, India; University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru 560065, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramasamy Asokan
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru 560089, Karnataka, India.
| | - Chalapathi Pradeep
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Bengaluru 560089, Karnataka, India; University of Agricultural Sciences, Bengaluru 560065, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Anil Rai
- ICAR - Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
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Nagoshi RN, Tessnow AE, Carrière Y, Bradshaw J, Harrington K, Sword GA, Meagher RL. Using genetic comparisons of populations from Arizona, Mexico, and Texas to investigate fall armyworm migration in the American southwest. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0289060. [PMID: 38011106 PMCID: PMC10681194 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Fall armyworm (FAW) is a global agricultural pest, causing substantial economic losses in corn and many other crops. Complicating efforts to control this pest is its capacity for long distance flights, which has been described in greatest detail for the central and eastern sections of the United States. FAW infestations are also routinely found in agricultural areas in southern Arizona, which lie beyond the western limits of the mapped migratory pathways. Climate suitability analysis found that the affected Arizona locations cannot support permanent FAW populations, indicating that these FAW most likely arise from annual migrations. A better understanding of this migration would provide insights into how large moth populations can move across desert habitats as well as the degree of gene flow occurring between FAW populations across the North American continent. In this study the Arizona populations were genetically characterized and compared to a selection of permanent and migratory FAW from multiple sites in the United States and Mexico. The results are consistent with migratory contributions from permanent populations in the states of Texas (United States) and Sinaloa (Mexico), while also providing evidence of significant barriers to gene flow between populations within Mexico. An unexpected finding was that two genetically distinct FAW subpopulations known as "host strains" have a differential distribution in the southwest that may indicate significant differences in their migration behavior in this region. These findings indicate that the combination of mitochondrial and Z-linked markers have advantages in comparing FAW populations that can complement and extend the findings from other methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney N. Nagoshi
- Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ashley E. Tessnow
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Yves Carrière
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Jeff Bradshaw
- Department of Entomology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, United States of America
| | - Kyle Harrington
- Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Gregory A. Sword
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, United States of America
| | - Robert L. Meagher
- Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
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Nagoshi RN, Davis JA, Meagher RL, Musser FR, Head GP, Portillo H, Teran H. Evidence for Two Soybean Looper Strains in the United States with Limited Capacity for Cross-Hybridization. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:1509. [PMID: 37510413 PMCID: PMC10379416 DOI: 10.3390/genes14071509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The noctuid moth soybean looper (SBL), Chrysodeixis includens (Walker) is an economically important pest of soybeans (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) in the southeastern United States. It has characteristics that are of particular concern for pest mitigation that include a broad host range, the capacity for annual long-distance flight, and resistance in some populations to important pesticides such as pyrethroids and chitin synthesis inhibitor. The biology of SBL in the United States resembles that of the fellow noctuid fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), a major pest of corn and several other crops. FAW exhibits a population structure in that it can be divided into two groups (host strains) that differ in their host preferences but are broadly sympatric and exhibit incomplete reproductive isolation. In this paper, strategies used to characterize the FAW strains were applied to SBL to assess the likelihood of population structure in the United States. Evidence is presented for two SBL strains that were defined phylogenetically and display differences in the proportions of a small set of genetic markers. The populations exhibit evidence of reproductive barriers sufficient to allow persistent asymmetry in the distribution of mitochondrial haplotypes. The identified molecular markers will facilitate studies characterizing the behaviors of these two populations, with relevance to pest mitigation and efforts to prevent further dispersal of the resistance traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodney N Nagoshi
- Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Davis
- Department of Entomology, LSU Agricultural Center, 404 Life Science Building, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Robert L Meagher
- Center for Medical, Agricultural and Veterinary Entomology, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA
| | - Fred R Musser
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Entomology, and Plant Pathology, Mississippi State University, Starkville, MS 39762, USA
| | | | - Hector Portillo
- FMC Agricultural Solutions, Stine Research Center, Newark, DE 19711, USA
| | - Henry Teran
- Corteva Agriscience™, Carr #3 Km 156.5, Salinas, PR 00751, USA
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Zou Y, Zhang Y, Liu X, Song H, Cai Q, Wang S, Yi C, Chen J. Research Progress of Benzothiazole and Benzoxazole Derivatives in the Discovery of Agricultural Chemicals. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10807. [PMID: 37445983 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Benzoxazole and benzothiazole have a broad spectrum of agricultural biological activities, such as antibacterial, antiviral, and herbicidal activities, which are important fused heterocyclic scaffold structures in agrochemical discovery. In recent years, great progress has been made in the research of benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles, especially in the development of herbicides and insecticides. With the widespread use of benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles, there may be more new products containing benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles in the future. We systematically reviewed the application of benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles in discovering new agrochemicals in the past two decades and summarized the antibacterial, fungicidal, antiviral, herbicidal, and insecticidal activities of the active compounds. We also discussed the structural-activity relationship and mechanism of the active compounds. This work aims to provide inspiration and ideas for the discovery of new agrochemicals based on benzoxazole and benzothiazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zou
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xing Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hongyi Song
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qingfeng Cai
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Chongfen Yi
- Guizhou Rice Research Institute, Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Jixiang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Van den Berg J, Brewer MJ, Reisig DD. A Special Collection: Spodoptera frugiperda (Fall Armyworm): Ecology and Management of its World-Scale Invasion Outside of the Americas. JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 115:1725-1728. [PMID: 36515103 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Special Collection 'Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm): Ecology and Management of its World-scale Invasion Outside of the Americas' presents reviews and research that address topics of overarching interest and contributes to a better understanding of this pest and its management, now that it has spread outside the Americas. The collection is a combination of invited articles presenting new information published for the first time, invited review papers, and a selection of relevant high-quality articles previously published in Journal of Economic Entomology (JEE). Articles in the Collection, as well as selected citations of articles in other publications, reflect the increase in research on S. frugiperda (J.E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), which became the most important pest of maize in the world during recent years. This Special Collection addresses a wide range of topics, including pest behavior, host strains, insecticide and Bt protein resistance, biological control, host plant resistance, and yield loss estimates. Topics are presented in context of research primarily conducted in regions outside of the Americas where S. frugiperda has invaded and disrupted crop production to varying degrees. In recognition of further spread, the threat of a S. frugiperda invasion into Europe and potential management options are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnnie Van den Berg
- IPM Program, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
| | - Michael J Brewer
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research, Department of Entomology, Corpus Christi, TX 78406, USA
| | - Dominic D Reisig
- Department of Entomology, North Carolina State University, Vernon G. James Research and Extension Center, 207 Research Station Road, Plymouth, NC 27962, USA
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