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Gong Y, Li T, Hussain A, Xia X, Shang Q, Ali A. Editorial: The side effects of insecticides on insects and the adaptation mechanisms of insects to insecticides. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1287219. [PMID: 37811494 PMCID: PMC10557070 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1287219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Youhui Gong
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, Alabama State University, Montgomery, AL, United States
| | - Adil Hussain
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Xiaoming Xia
- The College of Plant Protection, Shangdong Agricultural University, Taian, China
| | - Qiangli Shang
- College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Asad Ali
- Department of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
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Cruces MP, Pimentel E, Vidal LM, Jiménez E, Suárez H, Camps E, Campos-González E. Genotoxic action of bifenthrin nanoparticles and its effect on the development, productivity, and behavior of Drosophila melanogaster. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2023; 86:661-677. [PMID: 37477220 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2023.2234408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Rapid development of nanotechnology, particularly nanoparticles of pesticides, has facilitated the transformation of traditional agriculture. However, testing their effectiveness is essential for avoiding any environmental or adverse human health risk attributed to nanoparticle-based formulations, especially insecticides. Recently, organic nanoparticles of bifenthrin, a pyrethroid insecticide, were successfully synthesized by laser ablation of solids in liquid technique, with the most probable size of 5 nm. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of acute exposure to bifenthrin (BIF) or bifenthrin nanoparticles (BIFNP) on larval-adult viability, developmental time, olfactory capacity, longevity, productivity defined as the number of eggs per couple, and genotoxicity in Drosophila melanogaster. Data demonstrated that BIFNP produced a marked delay in developmental time, significant reduction in viability and olfactory ability compared to BIF. No marked differences were detected between BIF and BIFNP on longevity and productivity. Genotoxicity findings indicated that only BIF, at longer exposure duration increased genetic damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha P Cruces
- Departamento de Biología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ), Ocoyoacac, México
| | - Emilio Pimentel
- Departamento de Biología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ), Ocoyoacac, México
| | - Luz M Vidal
- Departamento de Biología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ), Ocoyoacac, México
| | - Elizabeth Jiménez
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma Del Estado de México, Toluca, México
| | - Hugo Suárez
- Departamento de Biología, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ), Ocoyoacac, México
| | - Enrique Camps
- Departamento de Física, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ), Ocoyoacac, México
| | - Enrique Campos-González
- CONACYT-Departamento de física, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ), Ocoyoacac, México
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Liu J, Liu Y, Liu B, Dai C, Wang P, Lu Y. Life-table parameters, functional response, flight ability, and cross-generational effects of matrine demonstrate its safety to Hippodamia variegata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2023:7131391. [PMID: 37075482 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In Xinjiang's cotton growing area of China, previous studies have shown that matrine is a selective botanical insecticide, with high toxicity to Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and low toxicity to its dominant natural enemy, Hippodamia variegata Goeze (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). However, lethal effects alone are not sufficient evidence to justify introducing matrine into local IPM strategies. In this context, we systematically evaluated the safety of matrine to H. variegata by investigating the effects of contact and stomach toxicity of matrine on the lady beetle's life-table parameters, predatory ability, flight ability of parental adults, and cross-generational effects on life-table parameters of the predator's offspring. We found that matrine at 2,000 mg/l did not have any significant negative effects to adult fecundity, longevity, or the predatory capacity of parental adults of H. variegata. Moreover, it is the same for cross-generational effects of matrine on H. variegate. The contact toxicity of matrine significantly reduced the flight time of H. variegata males, but did not significantly affect flight time and average velocity. Our results support the view that matrine is safe to H. variegata and can be recommended for use in the local IPM strategy for control of A. gossipii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Liu
- College of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Xinjiang, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
| | - Yangtian Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bing Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Changchun Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Peiling Wang
- College of Agriculture/Key Laboratory of Oasis Agricultural Pest Management and Plant Protection Resources Utilization, Xinjiang, Shihezi University, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, China
| | - Yanhui Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
- Western Agricultural Research Center, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changji 831100, China
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Afza R, Afzal A, Riaz MA, Majeed MZ, Idrees A, Qadir ZA, Afzal M, Hassan B, Li J. Sublethal and transgenerational effects of synthetic insecticides on the biological parameters and functional response of Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) under laboratory conditions. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1088712. [PMID: 36726846 PMCID: PMC9885102 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1088712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic insecticides have been an inevitable part of plant protection throughout the world. Sublethal effects of these chemicals on beneficial insect species are one of the contemporary issues these days. Using the age-stage, two-sex life table model, this study evaluated the sublethal and transgenerational effects of six synthetic insecticides (imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, chlorpyrifos and profenofos) commonly applied to winter vegetables, on the fitness and predation of the seven-spotted ladybeetle, Coccinella septempunctata, which is an efficient predator of aphids worldwide. According to results, all insecticides at their sublethal doses (LC30) significantly suppressed the emergence of adults, adult weight, fertility and fecundity of the parental generation compared to control treatment. The larval stage was prolonged and oviposition, fecundity and total longevity of the adult beetles were decreased in unexposed progeny whose parents were exposed to sublethal doses of all insecticides. Moreover, the biological parameters of adults, including the intrinsic rate of increase (r), finite rate of increase (λ) and net reproductive rate (R 0) were significantly reduced when exposed to sublethal doses of insecticides. The predation rate of the F1 generation adults was also decreased after exposure to the sublethal doses of insecticides. However, chlorpyrifos, profenofos, lambda-cyhalothrin and cypermethrin exhibited more deleterious effects on the fitness and population parameters of beetles than imidacloprid and thiamethoxam.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahat Afza
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Ayesha Afzal
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, 1-Km Defense Road, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Asam Riaz
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Atif Idrees
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China,Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management, Institute of Entomology, Ministry of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China,*Correspondence: Atif Idrees, ; Jun Li,
| | - Ziyad Abdul Qadir
- Honeybee Research Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Park Road, Islamabad, Pakistan,Department of Entomology and Wildlife Ecology, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Babar Hassan
- University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, QLD, Australia
| | - Jun Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Atif Idrees, ; Jun Li,
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da Silva WR, Pereira RC, Mendonça LVP, Peçanha LS, de Sales Abreu LM, Abib PHN, Samuels RI, Picanço MC, Silva GA. Lethal and sublethal effects of insecticides used in the management of Plutella xylostella (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae) on the predator Cycloneda sanguinea L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:4397-4406. [PMID: 35762333 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The application of synthetic insecticides is the main strategy used to reduce the damage caused by the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella in commercial Brassica crops. However, incorrect insecticide use can cause biological and ecological disturbances in agroecosystems. Cycloneda sanguinea is a generalist voracious predator and is distributed widely in cultivated and noncultivated ecosystems. This study investigated the efficiency of four insecticides for the control of P. xylostella and the lethal and sublethal effects of these insecticides on C. sanguinea. RESULTS Spinosad (92% mortality) and chlorfenapyr (76% mortality) were highly toxic to P. xylostela. However, chlorantraniliprole (10% mortality) and methomyl (no mortality) were ineffective against this pest. Chlorantraniliprole was the only insecticide that was highly toxic to C. sanguinea by contact (90% mortality), however, it was nontoxic following the ingestion of chlorantraniliprole-contaminated aphids. Interestingly, ingestion of prey contaminated with methomyl and chlorfenapyr was highly toxic (100% mortality) to C. sanguinea. Spinosad was nontoxic to C. sanguinea via exposure to contaminated surfaces and following ingestion of contaminated prey. However, direct contact of the insects with both methomyl and spinosad significantly affected C. sanguinea flight activity (vertical flight and free-fall flight), whereas chlorfenapyr impacted vertical flight only. CONCLUSION These findings showed that chlorantraniliprole was not only ineffective for the control of P. xylostela, but was also highly toxic to C. sanguinea. The results indicated that spinosad was efficient against P. xylostela and was of low toxicity to C. sanguinea; however, the deleterious effects of this insecticide on flight behavior could result in reduced predatory efficiency. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanderson Rosa da Silva
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Fitopatologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Cunha Pereira
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Fitopatologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Laís Viana Paes Mendonça
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Fitopatologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ludimila Simões Peçanha
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Fitopatologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Letícia Moamad de Sales Abreu
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Fitopatologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Nogueira Abib
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Fitopatologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Richard Ian Samuels
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Fitopatologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Gerson Adriano Silva
- Laboratório de Entomologia e Fitopatologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Twardowski JP, Hurej M, Twardowska K. Effect of Ingestion Exposure of Selected Insecticides on Coccinella septempunctata and Harmonia axyridis (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). INSECTS 2021; 12:434. [PMID: 34064985 PMCID: PMC8150297 DOI: 10.3390/insects12050434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The sensitivity to thiacloprid and lambda-cyhalothrin ingested from prey organisms was studied in Coccinella septempunctata and Harmonia axyridis, since the effect of ingestion exposure to these insecticides is unknown in these species. All developmental stages of the ladybirds were fed on Acyrthosiphon pisum treated with half or full field rate of the insecticides. Almost all instars were killed within 3 h of the start of ingestion of lambda-cyhalotrin-treated prey. The action of thiacloprid was more extended in time in both coccinellids and more variable between their instars. Reducing the field rate of lambda-cyhalothrin seems to have no practical value for the survival of either of the coccinellid species. Contrastingly, using half instead of the full field rate of thiacloprid may enhance the chances of survival in L1, L2, and L4 larvae of both species. Of all developmental stages tested, the survival dynamics of the adults of either species are closest to one another, whereas the apparent difference in the species response to the dose rate of thiacloprid was found in the L4 stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Piotr Twardowski
- Department of Plant Protection, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq. 24a, 50-363 Wroclaw, Poland; (M.H.); (K.T.)
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Pasini RA, Rakes M, Castilhos RV, Silva de Armas F, de Bastos Pazini J, Zantedeschi R, Grützmacher AD. Residual action of five insecticides on larvae and adults of the neotropical predators Chrysoperla externa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) and Eriopis connexa (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2021; 30:44-56. [PMID: 33244676 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-020-02314-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to evaluate the residual action of five insecticides on larvae and adults of the predators Chrysoperla externa (Hagen) and Eriopis connexa (Germar). The insecticides gamma-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid+beta-cyfluthrin, methomyl, thiamethoxam, and thiamethoxam+lambda-cyhalothrin were sprayed in pod bean plants until the point of runoff. Weekly, at 3, 10, 17, 24, and 31 days, first instar larvae and adults of both predators were exposed to leaves containing dry residues of the insecticides. Based on the mortality observed throughout the bioassays, the insecticides were classified according to the scale of the residual effects proposed by the International Organization for Biological and Integrated Control (IOBC). Except for thiamethoxam+lambda-cyhalothrin, which was moderately persistent (class 3) to larvae of C. externa and E. connexa, all other tested insecticides were persistent (class 4) to larvae of both species. Gamma-cyhalothrin, imidacloprid + beta-cyfluthrin, and methomyl were persistent (class 4) to C. externa adults, while thiamethoxam was moderately persistent (class 3) and thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin was slightly persistent (class 2) to the adult stage. As for E. connexa adults, imidacloprid + beta-cyfluthrin and methomyl were persistent (class 4) and gamma-cyhalothrin, thiamethoxam, and thiamethoxam + lambda-cyhalothrin were moderately persistent (class 3). Thus, due to extended residual effect, these insecticides must be avoided when larvae and adults of both predators are active in the crop.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matheus Rakes
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo Vargas Castilhos
- Agricultural Research and Rural Extension Company of Santa Catarina (EPAGRI), Chapecó, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Franciele Silva de Armas
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliano de Bastos Pazini
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Zantedeschi
- Department of Plant Protection, Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel), Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Tian Y, Chen Z, Huang X, Zhang L, Zhang Z. Evaluation of Botanicals for Management of Piercing-Sucking Pests and the Effect on Beneficial Arthropod Populations in Tea Trees Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze (Theaceae). JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2020; 20:5991029. [PMID: 33211857 PMCID: PMC7751187 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieaa101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The tea green leafhopper Empoasca onukii Matsuda (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), the orange spiny whitefly, Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Quaintanca) (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae), and the green plant bugs Apolygus lucorum Meyer-Dür (Hemiptera: Miridae) are the important piercing-sucking herbivores in tea trees Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze (Theaceae). The goal of this study was to evaluate the laboratory toxicities and field control efficacies of botanical insecticides including matrine, azadirachtin, veratrine, and pyrethrin to three tea pests. Via leaf-dip bioassay, toxicity tests with botanical insecticides indicated that there were significant differences between the LC50 values for botanical insecticides within the same insect species. Matrine had the highest toxicity to E. onukii, A. spiniferus, and A. lucorum with the LC50 values of 2.35, 13.10, and 44.88 mg/liter, respectively. Field tests showed that, among four botanical insecticides, matrine at dose of 9 g a.i. ha-1 can significantly reduce the numbers of E. onukii and A. spiniferus and the infestation of A. lucorum on the tea plants. Furthermore, botanical insecticides matrine and azadirachtin had no obvious influence on the coccinellids, spiders, and parasitoids densities in tea plantations. The results of this study indicated that use of botanical insecticides, such as matrine, has the potential to manipulate the population of E. onukii, A. spiniferus, and A. lucorum and will be an effective and environmentally compatible strategy for the control of tea pests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Tian
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Binzhou University, Binzhou, China
| | - Zejun Chen
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Huang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lixia Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhengqun Zhang
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, Shandong, People’s Republic of China
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
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Oladipupo SO, Hu XP, Appel AG. Essential Oil Components in Superabsorbent Polymer Gel Modify Reproduction of Blattella germanica (Blattodea: Ectobiidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2020; 113:2436-2447. [PMID: 32614042 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The use of essential oil components (EOCs) against the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.), has increasingly received attention from researchers. However, the determination of lethal doses/concentrations alone does not provide enough information on the range of biological effects of these EOCs. To improve our understanding of the potential effects of EOCs, we examined biological parameters of B. germanica exposed to sublethal EOCs formulated in gels. This study employed superabsorbent polymer (SAP) gel to prolong bioavailability of limonene, carvacrol, and β-thujaplicin, and evaluated how these EOCs shape biological parameters of B. germanica. Overall, median survival days ranged from 57 to 69.5 d for males and 73 to 99 d for females. The survival day ranking for the EOCs was limonene > β-thujaplicin > carvacrol. Carvacrol and β-thujaplicin gels reduced male longevity by at least 34 and 39%, respectively, while limonene had no effect. The longevity of females was reduced by limonene, but not by carvacrol and β-thujaplicin gels. EOCs significantly suppressed overall adult females' reproductive period, oothecal hatchability, reduced fecundity, and interoothecal period, but not the number of oothecae formed and egg incubation period. The preoviposition period (mean: 2-25 d) ranking was limonene < carvacrol < β-thujaplicin. Based on these results, limonene, carvacrol, and β-thujaplicin in SAP gels show promising potential to reduce adult male survival/longevity, suppress egg hatchability and female fecundity, and delay the interoothecal period. These findings may represent the basis for the practical use of EOCs as a tactic in integrated pest management systems for B. germanica.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Oladipupo
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL
| | - X P Hu
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL
| | - A G Appel
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL
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Sun SQ, Wang NM, Li JJ, Jin MH, Xue CB. Reduced fecundity and regulation of reproductive factors in flubendiamide-resistant strains of Plutella xylostella. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2020; 169:104668. [PMID: 32828374 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2020.104668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xylostella, is an important pest of crucifers worldwide. The extensive use of flubendiamide has led to the development of resistance in field populations and reports of control failures. In this study, the lab-selected (Rf) and field-collected (Rb) flubendiamide-resistant strains of P. xylostella with LC50 resistance ratios of 1890-fold and 1251-fold, respectively, were used, as well as a lab-reared flubendiamide-susceptible strain (S). The results showed that the fecundity of the Rf and Rb-resistant strains was significantly lower than that of S strain. The contents of vitellin and transcripts of P. xylostella vitellogenin (PxVg) and P. xylostella vitellogenin receptor (PxVgR) genes in the Rf and Rb strains were significantly higher than those of S strains at 0-48 h after adult eclosion. At 96 h after eclosion, the content of vitellin in the Rf and Rb strains did not differ significantly from those of S strains, whereas transcripts of the PxVg and PxVgR genes in the Rf and Rb strains were significantly lower than that of the S strain. The content of the juvenile hormone III (JH III), β-ecdysone (20E), and the gene expression level of P. xylostella methoprene tolerant (PxMet) in the Rf and Rb strains were significantly higher than that of the S strain. The activity of trehalase was significantly higher in the Rf and Rb strains than that of the S strain in the first to the third instar larvae, whereas in the fourth instar larvae, there was no significantly difference in the three strains. At different times after adult eclosion, the differences in trehalase activity were erratic between the strains. The transcripts of P. xylostella trehalase (PxTre) gene in the Rf and Rb strains were significantly higher than that of the S strain in most developmental stages. Here, we report differences in fecundity between flubendiamide-resistant and susceptible strains of P. xylostella and discuss gene expression of several reproductive factors, which provides a possible explanation for the mechanism of fecundity reduction concurrent with flubendiamide-resistance in P. xylostella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology and Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Nian-Meng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology and Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Jing-Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology and Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
| | - Ming-Hui Jin
- Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Chao-Bin Xue
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide Toxicology and Application Technique, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China.
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Ebadollahi A, Setzer WN. Evaluation of the Toxicity of Satureja intermedia C. A. Mey Essential Oil to Storage and Greenhouse Insect Pests and a Predator Ladybird. Foods 2020; 9:E712. [PMID: 32498219 PMCID: PMC7353542 DOI: 10.3390/foods9060712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of chemical insecticides has had several side-effects, such as environmental contamination, foodborne residues, and human health threats. The utilization of plant-derived essential oils as efficient bio-rational agents has been acknowledged in pest management strategies. In the present study, the fumigant toxicity of essential oil isolated from Satureja intermedia was assessed against cosmopolitan stored-product insect pests: Trogoderma granarium Everts (khapra beetle), Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (lesser grain borer), Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (red flour beetle), and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) (saw-toothed grain beetle). The essential oil had significant fumigant toxicity against tested insects, which positively depended on essential oil concentrations and the exposure times. Comparative contact toxicity of S. intermedia essential oil was measured against Aphis nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe (oleander aphid) and its predator Coccinella septempunctata L. (seven-spot ladybird). Adult females of A. nerii were more susceptible to the contact toxicity than the C. septempunctata adults. The dominant compounds in the essential oil of S. intermedia were thymol (48.1%), carvacrol (11.8%), p-cymene (8.1%), and γ-terpinene (8.1%). The high fumigant toxicity against four major stored-product insect pests, the significant aphidicidal effect on A. nerii, and relative safety to the general predator C. septempunctata make terpene-rich S. intermedia essential oil a potential candidate for use as a plant-based alternative to the detrimental synthetic insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asgar Ebadollahi
- Moghan College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-36514, Iran
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
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