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Gao YQ, Chen ZZ, Liu MY, Song CY, Jia ZF, Liu FH, Qu C, Dewer Y, Zhao HP, Xu YY, Kang ZW. Characterization of Antennal Chemosensilla and Associated Chemosensory Genes in the Orange Spiny Whitefly, Aleurocanthus spiniferus (Quaintanca). Front Physiol 2022; 13:847895. [PMID: 35295577 PMCID: PMC8920487 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.847895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The insect chemosensory system plays an important role in many aspects of insects' behaviors necessary for their survival. Despite the complexity of this system, an increasing number of studies have begun to understand its structure and function in different insect species. Nonetheless, the chemosensory system in the orange spiny whitefly Aleurocanthus spiniferus, as one of the most destructive insect pests of citrus in tropical Asia, has not been investigated yet. In this study, the sensillum types, morphologies and distributions of the male and female antennae of A. spiniferus were characterized using scanning electron microscopy. In both sexes, six different sensilla types were observed: trichodea sensilla, chaetica sensilla, microtrichia sensilla, coeloconic sensilla, basiconic sensilla, and finger-like sensilla. Moreover, we identified a total of 48 chemosensory genes, including 5 odorant-binding proteins (OBPs), 12 chemosensory proteins (CSPs), 3 sensory neuron membrane proteins (SNMPs), 6 odorant receptors (ORs), 8 gustatory receptors (GRs), and 14 ionotropic receptors (IRs) using transcriptome data analysis. Tissue-specific transcriptome analysis of these genes showed predominantly expression in the head (including antennae), whereas CSPs were broadly expressed in both head (including the antennae) and body tissue of adult A. spiniferus. In addition, the expression profiling of selected chemosensory genes at different developmental stages was examined by quantitative real time-PCR which was mapped to the transcriptome. We found that the majority of these genes were highly expressed in adults, while AspiORco, AspiGR1, AspiGR2, and AspiIR4 genes were only detected in the pupal stage. Together, this study provides a basis for future chemosensory and genomic studies in A. spiniferus and closely related species. Furthermore, this study not only provides insights for further research on the molecular mechanisms of A. spiniferus-plant interactions but also provides extensive potential targets for pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qing Gao
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Chen
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Chang-Yuan Song
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Zhi-Fei Jia
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Fang-Hua Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Cheng Qu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Youssef Dewer
- Phytotoxicity Research Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hai-Peng Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yong-Yu Xu
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Kang
- College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
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Yang Y, Luo L, Tian L, Zhao C, Niu H, Hu Y, Shi C, Xie W, Zhang Y. Function and Characterization Analysis of BodoOBP8 from Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae) in the Recognition of Plant Volatiles and Sex Pheromones. INSECTS 2021; 12:879. [PMID: 34680648 PMCID: PMC8539145 DOI: 10.3390/insects12100879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The belowground pest Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae) has a sophisticated and sensitive olfactory system to detect semiochemical signals from the surrounding environment. In particular, odorant-binding proteins (OBPs) are crucial in capturing and transporting these semiochemical signals across the sensilla lymph to the corresponding odorant receptors. In this study, we cloned a full-length cDNA sequence of BodoOBP8 from B. odoriphaga. Real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that BodoOBP8 has the highest expression levels in males, with more pronounced expression in the male antennae than in other tissues. In this study, the recombinant protein BodoOBP8 was successfully expressed by a bacterial system to explore its function. Competitive binding assays with 33 host plant volatiles and one putative sex pheromone (n-heptadecane) revealed that purified BodoOBP8 strongly bound to two sulfur compounds (methyl allyl disulfide and diallyl disulfide) and to n-heptadecane; the corresponding dissolution constants (Ki) were 4.04, 6.73, and 4.04 μM, respectively. Molecular docking indicated that Ile96, Ile103, Ala107, and Leu111, located in the hydrophobic cavity of BodoOBP8, are the key residues mediating the interaction of BodoOBP8 with two sulfur compounds (methyl allyl disulfide and diallyl disulfide) and n-heptadecane. These results show that BodoOBP8 plays a role in the recognition of plant volatiles and sex pheromones, suggesting its application as a molecular target for the screening of B. odoriphaga attractants and repellents and facilitating a new mechanism of B. odoriphaga control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuting Yang
- Forewarning and Management of Agricultural and Forestry Pests, Hubei Engineering Technology Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.Y.); (L.L.); (C.Z.); (H.N.); (Y.H.); (C.S.)
| | - Liang Luo
- Forewarning and Management of Agricultural and Forestry Pests, Hubei Engineering Technology Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.Y.); (L.L.); (C.Z.); (H.N.); (Y.H.); (C.S.)
| | - Lixia Tian
- Institute of Plant and Environment Protection Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100081, China;
| | - Changwei Zhao
- Forewarning and Management of Agricultural and Forestry Pests, Hubei Engineering Technology Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.Y.); (L.L.); (C.Z.); (H.N.); (Y.H.); (C.S.)
| | - Hongli Niu
- Forewarning and Management of Agricultural and Forestry Pests, Hubei Engineering Technology Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.Y.); (L.L.); (C.Z.); (H.N.); (Y.H.); (C.S.)
| | - Yifeng Hu
- Forewarning and Management of Agricultural and Forestry Pests, Hubei Engineering Technology Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.Y.); (L.L.); (C.Z.); (H.N.); (Y.H.); (C.S.)
| | - Caihua Shi
- Forewarning and Management of Agricultural and Forestry Pests, Hubei Engineering Technology Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (Y.Y.); (L.L.); (C.Z.); (H.N.); (Y.H.); (C.S.)
| | - Wen Xie
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Youjun Zhang
- Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Vegetables and Flowers, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
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Tian J, Zhan H, Dewer Y, Zhang B, Qu C, Luo C, Li F, Yang S. Whitefly Network Analysis Reveals Gene Modules Involved in Host Plant Selection, Development and Evolution. Front Physiol 2021; 12:656649. [PMID: 33927643 PMCID: PMC8076899 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.656649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Whiteflies are Hemipterans that typically feed on the undersides of plant leaves. They cause severe damage by direct feeding as well as transmitting plant viruses to a wide range of plants. However, it remains largely unknown which genes play a key role in development and host selection. In this study, weighted gene co-expression network analysis was applied to construct gene co-expression networks in whitefly. Nineteen gene co-expression modules were detected from 15560 expressed genes of whitefly. Combined with the transcriptome data of salivary glands and midgut, we identified three gene co-expression modules related to host plant selection. These three modules contain genes related to host-plant recognition, such as detoxification genes, chemosensory genes and some salivary gland-associated genes. Results of Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses elucidated the following pathways involved in these modules: lysosome, metabolic and detoxification pathways. The modules related to the development contain two co-expression modules; moreover, the genes were annotated to the development of chitin-based cuticle. This analysis provides a basis for future functional analysis of genes involved in host-plant recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Tian
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haixia Zhan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Youssef Dewer
- Bioassay Research Department, Central Agricultural Pesticide Laboratory, Agricultural Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Biyun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Cheng Qu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Luo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fengqi Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant and Environment Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyong Yang
- School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang Basin Co-Founded by Anhui Province and Ministry of Education, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
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Wei HS, Duan HX, Li KB, Zhang S, Wei ZJ, Yin J. The mechanism underlying OBP heterodimer formation and the recognition of odors in Holotrichia oblita Faldermann. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 152:957-968. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.10.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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