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Xie L, Wu X, Li X, Chen M, Zhang N, Zong S, Yan Y. Impacts of climate change and host plant availability on the potential distribution of Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae) in China. Pest Manag Sci 2024; 80:2724-2737. [PMID: 38372475 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chinese chives (Allium tuberosum Rottler ex Sprengel) are favored by consumers because of its delicious taste and unique fragrance. Bradysia odoriphaga (Diptera: Sciaridae) is a main pest that severely harms Chinese chives and other Liliaceae's production. Climate change may change the future distribution of B. odoriphaga in China. In this study, the CLIMEX was employed to project the potential distribution of B. odoriphaga in China, based on China's historical climate data (1987-2016) and forecast climate data (2021-2100). RESULTS Bradysia odoriphaga distributed mainly between 19.8° N-48.3° N and 74.8° E-134.3° E, accounting for 73.25% of the total mainland area of China under historical climate conditions. Among them, the favorable and highly favorable habitats accounted for 30.64% of the total potential distribution. Under future climate conditions, B. odoriphaga will be distributed mainly between 19.8° N-49.3° N and 73.8° E-134.3° E, accounting for 84.89% of China's total mainland area. Among them, the favorable and highly favorable habitats will account for 35.23% of the total potential distribution, indicating an increase in the degree of fitness. Areas with relatively appropriate temperature and humidity will be more suitable for the survival of B. odoriphaga. Temperature was a more important determinant of the climatic suitability of the pest B. odoriphaga than humidity. Host plants (Liliaceae) availability also had impact on climate suitability in some regions. CONCLUSIONS These projected potential distributions will provide supportive information for monitoring and early forecasting of pest outbreaks, and to reduce future economic and ecological losses. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Xie
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China; Shandong Province Higher Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Comprehensive Management of Agricultural and Forestry Crop Diseases and Pests in the Yellow River Basin; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xinran Wu
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China; Shandong Province Higher Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Comprehensive Management of Agricultural and Forestry Crop Diseases and Pests in the Yellow River Basin; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Xue Li
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Menglei Chen
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China; Shandong Province Higher Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Comprehensive Management of Agricultural and Forestry Crop Diseases and Pests in the Yellow River Basin; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Na Zhang
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China; Shandong Province Higher Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Comprehensive Management of Agricultural and Forestry Crop Diseases and Pests in the Yellow River Basin; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Shixiang Zong
- Key Laboratory of Beijing for the Control of Forest Pests, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Yan
- Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China; Shandong Province Higher Education Collaborative Innovation Center for Comprehensive Management of Agricultural and Forestry Crop Diseases and Pests in the Yellow River Basin; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology of Vegetable Diseases and Insect Pests, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong, China
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Lestiyani A, Joko T, Holford P, Beattie GAC, Donovan N, Mo J, Subandiyah S, Iwanami T. Natural Infection of Murraya paniculata and Murraya sumatrana with CLas in Java. Plant Dis 2024. [PMID: 38657079 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-23-2593-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The phloem-limited bacterium, 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus' (CLas), is the putative causal pathogen of the severe Asiatic form of huanglongbing (citrus greening) and is most commonly transmitted by the Asiatic citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri. CLas severely affects many Citrus species and hybrids and has been recorded in the Citrus relative, orange jasmine, Murraya paniculata (L.) Jack (syn. M. exotica L.). In this study, 13 accessions of three Murraya species (M. paniculata, M. sumatrana Roxb. and M. lucida (G.Forst.) Mabb,) and the Papuan form of a putative hybrid (M. omphalocarpa Hayata) were identified morphologically and molecularly based on sequence identity of the matK-5'trnK region of the chloroplast genome, and infection on these plants under field conditions was determined by PCR and qPCR on 2-4 occasions over 14 months. CLas was repeatedly detected in leaflet midribs by PCR and qPCR on four and three accessions of M. paniculata and M. sumatrana, respectively. It was not detected in leaflet midribs of single accessions of M. lucida and M. omphalocarpa. The species identification of the CLas-positive accessions was further confirmed using all the molecular taxonomic markers consisting of the six fragments of the maternally inherited chloroplast genome and part of the nuclear-encoded ITS region. The results indicated that natural infection of M. paniculata and M. sumatrana with CLas can occur in Java. This is the first demonstration of the natural infection of M. sumatrana with CLas. Further studies are required to determine if infections persist in the absence of D. citri.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayu Lestiyani
- Universitas Gadjah Mada, 59166, Biotechnology, Graduate School, Yogyakarta, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta, Indonesia
- Universitas Tidar, Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia;
| | - Tri Joko
- Universitas Gadjah Mada, 59166, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Fac. of Agriculture, Yogyakarta, Daerah Istimewa Yogyakart, Indonesia;
| | - Paul Holford
- Western Sydney University - Penrith Campus, 6489, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia;
| | | | - Nerida Donovan
- Elizabeth Macarthur Agrciultural Institute, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Private Bag 4008, Narellan, New South Wales, Australia, 2567;
| | - Jianhua Mo
- National Vegetable Industry Centre, NSW Department of Primary Industries, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;
| | - Siti Subandiyah
- Universitas Gadjah Mada, 59166, Entomology and Plant Pathology, Fac. of Agriculture, Yogyakarta, DIY, Indonesia;
| | - Toru Iwanami
- Tokyo University of Agriculture, 13126, Agriculture, Atsugi. Kanagawa 243-0034, Tokyo, Japan;
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Qi J, Wang X, Zhang T, Li C, Wang Z. Adult Feeding Experience Determines the Fecundity and Preference of the Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata (F.) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Biology (Basel) 2024; 13:250. [PMID: 38666862 PMCID: PMC11048397 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Both larvae and adults of the Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata feed on leaves of potatoes, tomatoes, and eggplants. Given the variation in planting times of host plants in the Jianghan Plain, host switching between larvae and adults of H. vigintioctopunctata is inevitable to ensure continuous food availability. We evaluated the effect of consistent versus diverse larval and adult host plant feeding experience on growth performance, fecundity, longevity, and feeding preferences of H. vigintioctopunctata through match-mismatch experiments. Host plant quality significantly influences larval development and adult reproduction. Potatoes are identified as the optimal host plant for H. vigintioctopunctata, whereas eggplants significantly negatively affect the adult fecundity. Adult stage host feeding experience determines the fecundity of H. vigintioctopunctata, irrespective of the larval feeding experience. The fecundity of H. vigintioctopunctata adults on eggplant leaves remains significantly lower than that observed on potato leaves. Similarly, adult H. vigintioctopunctata demonstrate a preference for consuming potato leaves, irrespective of the larval feeding experience. Although host switching between larval and adult stages offers lesser benefits for the performance of herbivorous insects compared to a consistent diet with potato leaves, it maintains H. vigintioctopunctata population continuity amidst shortages of high-quality potato hosts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zailing Wang
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Pest Forewarning and Management, Institute of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434025, China; (J.Q.); (X.W.); (T.Z.); (C.L.)
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Christensen T, Dyer LA, Forister ML, Bowers MD, Carper A, Teglas MB, Hurtado P, Smilanich AM. Host plant-mediation of viral transmission and its consequences for a native butterfly. Ecology 2024; 105:e4282. [PMID: 38483138 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.4282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Pathogens play a key role in insect population dynamics, contributing to short-term fluctuations in abundance as well as long-term demographic trends. Two key factors that influence the effects of entomopathogens on herbivorous insect populations are modes of pathogen transmission and larval host plants. In this study, we examined tritrophic interactions between a sequestering specialist lepidopteran, Euphydryas phaeton, and a viral pathogen, Junonia coenia densovirus, on its native host plant, Chelone glabra, and a novel host plant, Plantago lanceolata, to explore whether host plant mediates viral transmission, survival, and viral loads. A two-factor factorial experiment was conducted in the laboratory with natal larval clusters randomly assigned to either the native or novel host plant and crossed with either uninoculated controls or viral inoculation (20% of individuals in the cluster inoculated). Diapausing clusters were overwintered in the laboratory and checked weekly for mortality. At the end of diapause, all surviving individuals were reared to adulthood to estimate survivorship. All individuals were screened to quantify viral loads, and estimate horizontal transmission postmortem. To test for vertical transmission, adults were mated, and the progeny were screened for viral presence. Within virus-treated groups, we found evidence for both horizontal and vertical transmission. Larval clusters reared on the native host plant had slightly higher horizontal transmission. Survival probability was lower in clusters feeding on the native host plant, with inoculated groups reared on the native host plant experiencing complete mortality. Viral loads did not differ by the host plant, although viral loads decreased with increased sequestration of secondary compounds on both host plants. Our results indicate that the use of a novel host plant may confer fitness benefits in terms of survival and reduced viral transmission when larvae feeding on it are infected with this pathogen, supporting hypotheses of potential evolutionary advantages of a host range expansion in the context of tritrophic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tara Christensen
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Lee A Dyer
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Matthew L Forister
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - M Deane Bowers
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Natural History, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Adrian Carper
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Natural History, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, Colorado, USA
| | - Mike B Teglas
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
- Department of Agriculture, Veterinary and Rangeland Sciences, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Paul Hurtado
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
| | - Angela M Smilanich
- Program in Ecology, Evolution, and Conservation Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada, USA
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Su C, Xie T, Jiang L, Wang Y, Wang Y, Nie R, Zhao Y, He B, Ma J, Yang Q, Hao J. Host genetics and larval host plant modulate microbiome structure and evolution underlying the intimate insect-microbe-plant interactions in Parnassius species on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Ecol Evol 2024; 14:e11218. [PMID: 38606343 PMCID: PMC11007261 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.11218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Insects harbor a remarkable diversity of gut microbiomes critical for host survival, health, and fitness, but the mechanism of this structured symbiotic community remains poorly known, especially for the insect group consisting of many closely related species that inhabit the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Here, we firstly analyzed population-level 16S rRNA microbial dataset, comprising 11 Parnassius species covering 5 subgenera, from 14 populations mostly sampled in mountainous regions across northwestern-to-southeastern China, and meanwhile clarified the relative importance of multiple factors on gut microbial community structure and evolution. Our findings indicated that both host genetics and larval host plant modulated gut microbial diversity and community structure. Moreover, the effect analysis of host genetics and larval diet on gut microbiomes showed that host genetics played a critical role in governing the gut microbial beta diversity and the symbiotic community structure, while larval host plant remarkably influenced the functional evolution of gut microbiomes. These findings of the intimate insect-microbe-plant interactions jointly provide some new insights into the correlation among the host genetic background, larval host plant, the structure and evolution of gut microbiome, as well as the mechanisms of high-altitude adaptation in closely related species of this alpine butterfly group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengyong Su
- College of Life SciencesAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| | - Tingting Xie
- College of Life SciencesAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| | - Lijun Jiang
- College of Life SciencesAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| | - Yunliang Wang
- College of Life SciencesAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
- College of Physical EducationAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Life SciencesAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
- College of Physical EducationAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| | - Ruie Nie
- College of Life SciencesAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| | - Youjie Zhao
- College of Life SciencesAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| | - Bo He
- College of Life SciencesAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
| | - Junye Ma
- Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Petroleum Stratigraphy, Center for Excellence in Life and Palaeoenvironment, Nanjing Institute of Geology and PaleontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Qun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Petroleum Stratigraphy, Center for Excellence in Life and Palaeoenvironment, Nanjing Institute of Geology and PaleontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
- Nanjing CollegeUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesNanjingChina
| | - Jiasheng Hao
- College of Life SciencesAnhui Normal UniversityWuhuChina
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Tepa-Yotto GT, Douro-Kpindou OK, Koussihouédé PSB, Adjaoké AM, Winsou JK, Tognigban G, Tamò M. Control Potential of Multiple Nucleopolyhedrovirus (SfMNPV) Isolated from Fall Armyworm in Nigeria (West Africa). Insects 2024; 15:225. [PMID: 38667355 PMCID: PMC11049893 DOI: 10.3390/insects15040225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW) Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae) has now become an invasive pest of global concern. The pest was first detected in Central and Western Africa in early 2016. Sustainable management options explored by stakeholders during early FAW invasion in Africa included the use of biopesticides and biological control. The current study aimed to compare the susceptibility of FAW larvae to SfMNPV with the assumption that the virus isolated from FAW populations in Africa has higher virulence compared with an isolate from Argentina (SfMNPV-ARG). We also hypothesized that host plant plays a role in SfMNPV efficacy and that cannibalism mediates horizontal and vertical transmission of the virus. This work provides pioneering data on the virulence of the new SfMNPV isolate from Nigeria (SfMNPV-KA1), which proved more effective than its exotic counterpart from Argentina (SfMNPV-ARG). The host plant effect made a significant difference between maize and onion with more FAW death in the larvae fed with contaminated onion 5 days post treatment. The study demonstrates and discusses the effect of cannibalism on virus transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghislain T. Tepa-Yotto
- Biorisk Management Facility (BIMAF), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA-Benin), Cotonou 08-01000, Benin; (O.K.D.-K.); (P.S.B.K.); (J.K.W.); (M.T.)
- Ecole de Gestion et de Production Végétale et Semencière (EGPVS), Université Nationale d’Agriculture (UNA), Kétou 43, Benin
| | - Ouorou Kobi Douro-Kpindou
- Biorisk Management Facility (BIMAF), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA-Benin), Cotonou 08-01000, Benin; (O.K.D.-K.); (P.S.B.K.); (J.K.W.); (M.T.)
| | - Précieux Sèna Bonaventure Koussihouédé
- Biorisk Management Facility (BIMAF), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA-Benin), Cotonou 08-01000, Benin; (O.K.D.-K.); (P.S.B.K.); (J.K.W.); (M.T.)
| | - Abissi Marc Adjaoké
- Ecole Doctorale des Sciences Agronomiques et de l’Eau (EDSAE), Université Nationale d’Agriculture (UNA), Kétou 43, Benin; (A.M.A.); (G.T.)
| | - Jeannette K. Winsou
- Biorisk Management Facility (BIMAF), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA-Benin), Cotonou 08-01000, Benin; (O.K.D.-K.); (P.S.B.K.); (J.K.W.); (M.T.)
| | - Ghislain Tognigban
- Ecole Doctorale des Sciences Agronomiques et de l’Eau (EDSAE), Université Nationale d’Agriculture (UNA), Kétou 43, Benin; (A.M.A.); (G.T.)
| | - Manuele Tamò
- Biorisk Management Facility (BIMAF), International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA-Benin), Cotonou 08-01000, Benin; (O.K.D.-K.); (P.S.B.K.); (J.K.W.); (M.T.)
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Fernandes DDS, Horikoshi RJ, Dourado PM, Ovejero RFL, Berger GU, Savaris M, Brown JW, Corrêa AS. Molecular characterization and demographic insights into soybean bud borer (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Brazil. J Insect Sci 2024; 24:5. [PMID: 38457335 PMCID: PMC10922366 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieae019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
The soybean bud borer, a soybean pest in Brazil, was initially identified as Crocidosema aporema (Walsingham 1914) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Outbreaks of this species have recently increased, but identification of this pest remains uncertain, and the historical factors associated with its geographic distribution in Brazil are little known. Here, we conducted a species characterization and phylogeographic analysis based on molecular and morphological evidence. Ninety individuals of bud-borers Lepidoptera were collected in different regions of Brazil. We sequenced COI and COII mitochondrial genes and examined wing patterns and male genital morphology. DNA barcoding approach revealed that 10 individuals were Argyrotaenia sphaleropa (Meyrick 1909) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) and 80 were a species of the genus Crocidosema Zeller. The morphology of the adult genitalia and wings proved to be insufficient to confirm the identification of Brazilian individuals as C. aporema, a species originally described from a high-elevation site in Costa Rica. Furthermore, the genetic distance between putative C. aporema specimens from Brazil and Costa Rica (ranging from 5.2% to 6.4%) supports the hypothesis that the Brazilian specimens are not referable to C. aporema. Our analysis revealed a single genetic strain (i.e., species) with low genetic diversity on soybean crops. We found no indication that the genetic structure was related to geographic distance among populations or edaphoclimatic regions. The population expansion of the soybean bud borer coincides with the increase in the area of soybean production in Brazil, suggesting that expanded soybean farming has allowed a significant increase in the effective population size of this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davi de Souza Fernandes
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Renato Jun Horikoshi
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Regulatory Science, Bayer Crop Science Brazil, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patrick M Dourado
- Department of Regulatory Science, Bayer Crop Science Brazil, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ramiro F L Ovejero
- Department of Regulatory Science, Bayer Crop Science Brazil, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geraldo U Berger
- Department of Regulatory Science, Bayer Crop Science Brazil, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcoandre Savaris
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - John W Brown
- Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alberto Soares Corrêa
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, “Luiz de Queiroz” College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo (ESALQ/USP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil
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Pfitzer R, Rostás M, Häußermann P, Häuser T, Rinklef A, Detring J, Schrameyer K, Voegele RT, Maier J, Varrelmann M. Effects of succession crops and soil tillage on suppressing the syndrome 'basses richesses' vector Pentastiridius leporinus in sugar beet. Pest Manag Sci 2024. [PMID: 38391052 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pentastiridius leporinus (Hemiptera: Cixiidae) is the most important vector of syndrome 'basses richesses' (SBR), a new disease that leads to severe economic losses in sugar beet. In this study, different soil tillage methods (ploughing and cultivator) and crops (winter wheat, spring wheat, maize and bare soil) following SBR-infested sugar beet were tested as potential management options in field trials. In the laboratory, the survival and development of first and third instar nymphs on wheat and maize was studied to further assess their suitability as host plants. RESULTS In five out of seven field sites, reduced soil tillage had no effect on adult planthopper emergence compared to ploughing. In two sites, reduced tillage resulted in higher emergence rates. In nearly all field sites, up to 98.9% fewer emerging adults were detected in bare soil and maize, when compared to winter wheat. Under laboratory conditions, the lowest survival rate was found in first instar nymphs feeding on maize seedlings (4.2%), while 66.7% survived on wheat, over a period of 300 days. In contrast, 73.3% and 70% of third instar nymphs survived on wheat and maize over a period of 150 days. CONCLUSION Soil tillage had little effect against Pentastiridius leporinus. Maize is a poor host for first instars but a suitable resource for third instar nymphs, the stage which encounters maize under field conditions. Hence, reductions in planthopper emergence in the field were likely caused by starvation due to the long host-free period between sugar beet harvest and the sowing of maize. © 2024 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Pfitzer
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Crop Sciences, Agricultural Entomology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Sugar Beet Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Rostás
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Crop Sciences, Agricultural Entomology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Thilo Häuser
- Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - André Rinklef
- Fraunhofer Institute for Molecular Biology and Applied Ecology IME, Giessen, Germany
| | - Justus Detring
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Crop Sciences, Agricultural Entomology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Sugar Beet Research, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Ralf T Voegele
- Institute of Phytomedicine, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Johann Maier
- Kuratorium für Versuchswesen und Beratung im Zuckerrübenanbau, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Mark Varrelmann
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Department of Crop Sciences, Agricultural Entomology, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
- Institute of Sugar Beet Research, Göttingen, Germany
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9
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Yang C, Liao C, Xu J, Dai X. Host relationships and biological notes of Cassidinae beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) in Qiannan Prefecture, Guizhou, China. Biodivers Data J 2024; 12:e116267. [PMID: 38379669 PMCID: PMC10878304 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.12.e116267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The faunal composition, host relationships and biological information of the subfamily Cassidinae (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) remain poorly known in many Chinese regions. Based on the seven-year field survey, faunal composition and host associations of Cassidinae beetles were systematically compiled for Qiannan Buyi and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Guizhou Province. In particular, through direct field observations, detailed biological information, such as life history and behavioural features and host plants were first recorded for 56 species of Cassidinae beetles. We have tripled the number of Cassidinae species in Qiannan. Sixty-nine species of Cassidinae beetles belonging to 17 genera and eight tribes were identified, of which 38 species are newly recorded in Guizhou and 56 are newly recorded in Qiannan. The tribes Leptispini and Notosacanthini were newly recorded in Guizhou. The genera Thlaspidosoma Spaeth, Downesia Baly, Klitispa Uhmann, Platypria Guérin-Méneville, Leptispa Baly and Notosacantha Chevrolat were recorded in Guizhou for the first time. A total of 61 species, 37 genera and 17 families of host plants were collected. Lardizabalaceae and Araliaceae were new host plant families for Cassidinae worldwide. Quantitative food web analysis indicated that Cassidinae species in Qiannan mainly feed on Poaceae, Rosaceae, Convolvulaceae and Lamiaceae. Callispini and Leptispini only feed on monocots, Aspidimorphini, Basiprionotini, Cassidini and Notosacanthini only feed on dicots, while Hispini feed on both monocots and dicots. The feeding patterns and corresponding damage marks of Cassidinae were quite diverse. In addition, the pupal mine-making behaviour of Dactylispaexcisa (Kraatz, 1879), D.similis Chen et T'an, 1985 and D.uhmanni Gressitt, 1950 are worth further study. Although preliminary, our field survey is an essential step in understanding Cassidinae behaviour and Cassidinae-plant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaokun Yang
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, ChinaLeafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhouChina
| | - Chengqing Liao
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, ChinaLeafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhouChina
| | - Jiasheng Xu
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, ChinaLeafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhouChina
| | - Xiaohua Dai
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, ChinaLeafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhouChina
- National Navel-Orange Engineering Research Center, Ganzhou, ChinaNational Navel-Orange Engineering Research CenterGanzhouChina
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10
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Cui W, Muñoz V, Navarrete M, Cabrera S, Campodonico J, Estrada M, Zamorano A, Fiore N. Insect vector and reservoir plant of ' Fragaria × ananassa' phyllody phytoplasma (16SrXIII-F) in central region of Chile. Plant Dis 2024. [PMID: 38319626 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-12-23-2552-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Strawberry phyllody has emerged as a prevalent disease affecting Chilean strawberry in recent years. The causal pathogen, 'Fragaria × ananassa' phyllody phytoplasma (StrPh), is categorized within the 16S ribosomal group XIII, exclusively found in the Americas. In the context of economically significant crops, hemipteran insect vectors and alternative host plants play a pivotal role in their natural dissemination. This study comprehensively examined the key epidemiological facets of StrPh in the central region of Chile: the insect vector and alternative hosts. Through field surveys, we identified an abundance of an insect species, Cixiosoma sp., in an StrPh-infected strawberry field, and confirmed its role as a vector of this phytoplasma through subsequent transmission assays. Moreover, we found a spontaneous weed species, Galega officinalis, to be infected with StrPh, raising the possibility of it being a potential alternative host plant for this phytoplasma. StrPh was also detected in cold-stored strawberry runners purchased from a nursery that supplies the local strawberry cultivation, suggesting a potential source of this phytoplasma in Chile. Collectively, these findings provide a significant epidemiological source of StrPh dissemination in central Chile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weier Cui
- University of Chile Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, 89325, Department of Plant Health, Santiago, Chile;
| | - Valentina Muñoz
- University of Chile Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, 89325, Department of Plant Health, Santiago, Chile;
| | - Melisa Navarrete
- University of Chile Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, 89325, Department of Plant Health, Santiago, Chile;
| | - Sebastian Cabrera
- University of Chile Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, 89325, Department of Plant Health, Santiago, Chile;
| | - Juan Campodonico
- Universidad Austral de Chile, 28040, Facultad de Ciencias, Valdivia, Los Ríos, Chile;
| | - Mauricio Estrada
- University of Chile Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, 89325, Department of Plant Health, Santiago, Chile;
| | - Alan Zamorano
- University of Chile Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, 89325, Department of Plant Health, Santiago, Chile;
| | - Nicola Fiore
- University of Chile Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, 89325, Department of Plant Health, Santiago, Chile;
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11
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Zhang Z, Liu M, Wang X, Gou J, Li T, Zhao T, Zhou L, Zhang F, Cheng F, Wang L. Plant volatiles mediated the orientation preference of slugs to different plant species. Pest Manag Sci 2024; 80:267-274. [PMID: 37672502 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Slugs mechanically damage plant leaves, resulting in significant economic losses. However, there are limited cost-efficient strategies available in slug management. By studying how slugs utilize plant volatiles to locate host plants, we can gain insights into the design of attractants and repellents. RESULTS Bioassay results suggest slugs (Agriolimax agrestis) prefer to orientate to lettuce (Lactuca sativa), cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.), and young tobacco seedlings, compared with old tobacco seedlings. We analyzed the volatomics of lettuce, cabbage, young and old tobacco seedlings. 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)-ethanol acetate (2EA) had high abundance while nonanal, decanal, and β-cylocitral had relatively low content in volatiles. Old tobacco seedlings released significantly more hexanal but fewer 1,4-dihydro-4-oxopyridazine (DO). In olfactory tests, hexanal, nonanal, decanal, and β-cylocitral showed strong repellency to slugs, while DO at a dose of 500 ng/μL and 2EA at a dose of 1% were attractive to slugs. The two alkanes, hexadecane and heptadecane, had no effect on slug orientating to host plants. DO and 2EA can thus alleviate the repellency of hexanal, nonanal, decanal and β-cylocitral. CONCLUSION The high emission of hexanal in old tobacco seedlings helps repel slugs, while 2EA and DO attract slugs to lettuce and cabbage. These findings suggest that these chemicals can be utilized in the design of repellents and attractants, and contribute to constructing a push-pull system for slug control. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelong Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Research Center of Green Pesticide Engineering and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Creation and Application of New Pesticides, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Minghong Liu
- Zunyi Branch of Guizhou Tobacco Company, Zunyi, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Zunyi Branch of Guizhou Tobacco Company, Zunyi, China
| | - Jianyu Gou
- Zunyi Branch of Guizhou Tobacco Company, Zunyi, China
| | - Tianliang Li
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Research Center of Green Pesticide Engineering and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Creation and Application of New Pesticides, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Te Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Research Center of Green Pesticide Engineering and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Creation and Application of New Pesticides, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Zhou
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Research Center of Green Pesticide Engineering and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Creation and Application of New Pesticides, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Fulong Zhang
- Inner Mongolia Kingbo Biotech.Co., Ltd, Bayannur, China
| | - Fujia Cheng
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Research Center of Green Pesticide Engineering and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Creation and Application of New Pesticides, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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12
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Xu Y, Liang H. Three new species and five new records within the genus Lilioceris (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae, Criocerinae) from China. Zookeys 2024; 1189:55-81. [PMID: 38314113 PMCID: PMC10836596 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1189.111064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The Chinese species of Lilioceris are revised, and three new species are described from Tibet, China: Lilioceriszhentangensis Xu & Liang, sp. nov., Liliocerismedogensis Xu & Liang, sp. nov. and Lilioceriszayuensis Xu & Liang, sp. nov. Five species of Lilioceris are reported for China as new records: L.dromedarius (Baly, 1861), L.pulchella (Baly, 1859), L.semicostata (Jacoby, 1908), L.unicolor (Hope, 1831) and L.nepalensis Takizawa, 1989. Liliocerisseminigra (Jacoby, 1889) is proposed as a junior synonym of L.unicolor Hope, 1831. Redescriptions, habitus photographs, geographic distributions, host plants (if available) and habitats are provided for these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
- College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, ChinaUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Hongbin Liang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaInstitute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina
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13
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Vargas HA. A new distribution record, first host plant record and DNA barcoding of the Neotropical micromoth Astrotischeriakarsholti Puplesis & Diškus (Lepidoptera, Tischeriidae). Biodivers Data J 2023; 11:e115397. [PMID: 38152695 PMCID: PMC10751789 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.11.e115397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Astrotischeria Puplesis & Diškus, 2003 (Lepidoptera, Tischeriidae) is a New World genus of micromoths whose larvae are leaf miners associated mainly with plants of the family Asteraceae. The original description of the type species Astrotischeriakarsholti Puplesis & Diškus, 2003 was based on adults from central Peru. No additional distribution records, host plants or DNA barcodes have been documented for this species. New information Astrotischeriakarsholti is reported for the first time from Chile, based on adults obtained from leaf mines of Ambrosiacumanensis Kunth (Asteraceae) collected in the transverse valleys of the Atacama Desert. This discovery expands the distribution range of this micromoth nearly 900 km to the southeast and represents its first host plant record. Divergence between DNA barcodes of A.karsholti and the nearest congeneric was 6% (K2P). A Maximum Likelihood analysis, based on DNA barcodes, raises questions about the monophyly of Astrotischeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor A. Vargas
- Universidad de Tarapacá, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Departamento de Recursos Ambientales, Arica, ChileUniversidad de Tarapacá, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Departamento de Recursos AmbientalesAricaChile
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14
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Hepler JR, Mills NJ, Smytheman P, Beers EH. Suitability of the shrub-steppe habitat of Eastern Washington for Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Environ Entomol 2023; 52:1152-1161. [PMID: 37878780 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvad108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The invasive brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae), has spread throughout most of Washington (WA) State since its detection in 2012. While it has emerged as a major agricultural and nuisance pest in the Pacific Northwest (PNW) west of the Cascade Mountains, pest pressure in the major tree fruit-growing areas in semi-arid northern and central WA State remains low. The reasons for this are unclear, although both biotic and abiotic conditions may be contributing factors. We evaluated the suitability of a common shrub-steppe/riparian corridor plant assemblage for supporting H. halys development from egg to adult in summer and fall through controlled feeding studies. Nymphs successfully completed development on this diet of PNW native plants, though it generally resulted in lower survivorship and adult weight and longer developmental times than a modified colony diet or a diet of known hosts from the eastern United States. These developmental data were used to parameterize stage-structured matrix models to predict the impact of diet and extreme heat events on H. halys population growth. The predicted net reproductive rate (R0) of H. halys was consistently and substantially reduced by a diet of PNW native plants, and heat shock imposed further severe reductions in R0. Our results suggest that the combined population effects of suboptimal plant host quality and regional heat waves may explain the lack of landscape-level H. halys pest pressure in semi-arid regions of the PNW.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Hepler
- USDA-ARS U.S. Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, 21881 N Cardon Ln, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA
| | - Nicholas J Mills
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3114, USA
| | - Peter Smytheman
- Washington State University Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, 1100 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA
| | - Elizabeth H Beers
- Washington State University Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, 1100 N Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA
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15
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Liu HP, Yang QY, Liu JX, Haq IU, Li Y, Zhang QY, Attia KA, Abushady AM, Liu CZ, Lv N. Host plant-mediated effects on Buchnera symbiont: implications for biological characteristics and nutritional metabolism of pea aphids ( Acyrthosiphon pisum). Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1288997. [PMID: 38126022 PMCID: PMC10731267 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1288997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum, is a typical sap-feeding insect and an important worldwide pest. There is a primary symbiont-Buchnera aphidicola, which can synthesize and provide some essential nutrients for its host. At the same time, the hosts also can actively adjust the density of bacterial symbiosis to cope with the changes in environmental and physiological factors. However, it is still unclear how symbionts mediate the interaction between herbivorous insects' nutrient metabolism and host plants. Methods The current study has studied the effects of different host plants on the biological characteristics, Buchnera titer, and nutritional metabolism of pea aphids. This study investigated the influence of different host plants on biological characteristics, Buchnera titer, and nutritional metabolism of pea aphids. Results and discussion The titer of Buchnera was significantly higher on T. Pretense and M. officinalis, and the relative expression levels were 1.966±0.104 and 1.621±0.167, respectively. The content of soluble sugar (53.46±1.97µg/mg), glycogen (1.12±0.07µg/mg) and total energy (1341.51±39.37µg/mg) of the pea aphid on V. faba were significantly higher and showed high fecundity (143.86±11.31) and weight (10.46±0.77µg/mg). The content of total lipids was higher on P. sativum and T. pretense, which were 2.82±0.03µg/mg and 2.92±0.07µg/mg, respectively. Correlation analysis found that the difference in Buchnera titer was positively correlated with the protein content in M. officinalis and the content of total energy in T. pratense (P < 0.05). This study confirmed that host plants not only affected the biological characteristics and nutritional metabolism of pea aphids but also regulated the symbiotic density, thus interfering with the nutritional function of Buchnera. The results can provide a theoretical basis for further studies on the influence of different host plants on the development of pea aphids and other insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-ping Liu
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiao-yan Yang
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jing-xing Liu
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Inzamam Ul Haq
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Qiang-yan Zhang
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Kotb A. Attia
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa M. Abushady
- Biotechnology School, Nile University, 26th of July Corridor, Sheikh Zayed City, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Genetics, Agriculture College, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Chang-zhong Liu
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ning Lv
- Biocontrol Engineering Laboratory of Crop Diseases and Pests of Gansu Province, College of Plant Protection, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
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Thao LD, Choi H, Choi Y, Mageswari A, Lee D, Hong SB. Re-identification of Colletotrichum acutatum Species Complex in Korea and Their Host Plants. Plant Pathol J 2023; 39:384-396. [PMID: 37550984 PMCID: PMC10412970 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.05.2023.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Colletotrichum acutatum species complex is one of the most important groups in the genus Colletotrichum with a high species diversity and a wide range of host plants. C. acutatum and related species have been collected from different plants and locations in Korea and deposited into the Korean Agricultural Culture Collection (KACC), National Institute of Agricultural Sciences since the 1990s. These fungal isolates were previously identified based mainly on morphological characteristics, and a limitation of molecular data was provided. To confirm the identification of species, 64 C. acutatum species complex isolates in KACC were used in this study for DNA sequence analyses of six loci: nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS), betatubulin 2 (TUB2), histone-3 (HIS3), glyceraldehyde3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), chitin synthase 1 (CHS-1), and actin (ACT). The molecular analysis revealed that they were identified in six different species of C. fioriniae (24 isolates), C. nymphaeae (21 isolates), C. scovillei (12 isolates), C. chrysanthemi (three isolates), C. lupini (two isolates), and C. godetiae (one isolate), and a novel species candidate. We compared the hosts of KACC isolates with "The List of Plant Diseases in Korea", previous reports in Korea and global reports and found that 23 combinations between hosts and pathogens could be newly reported in Korea after pathogenicity tests, and 12 of these have not been recorded in the world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Dinh Thao
- Korean Agricultural Culture Collection, Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365,
Korea
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Duc Thang, Bac Tu Liem, Ha Noi,
Vietnam
| | - Hyorim Choi
- Korean Agricultural Culture Collection, Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Yunhee Choi
- Korean Agricultural Culture Collection, Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Anbazhagan Mageswari
- Korean Agricultural Culture Collection, Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Daseul Lee
- Korean Agricultural Culture Collection, Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365,
Korea
| | - Seung-Beom Hong
- Korean Agricultural Culture Collection, Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365,
Korea
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Popescu IE, Gostin IN. A New Species of Megastigmus and First Record of the Genus and Megastigmidae Family from the Paradise of the Maldives Archipelago. Insects 2023; 14:677. [PMID: 37623387 PMCID: PMC10455202 DOI: 10.3390/insects14080677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Megastigmidae comprises more than 200 species in 12 genera. Megastigmus has a worldwide distribution with more than 150 species. Over 80% of these species are recorded from the Australian and Palearctic region, with a few from Afrotropical and Oriental regions, but none from the Neotropical region. We describe a new species of Megastigmus obtained from the seeds of Pemphis acidula in the Maldives Archipelago. This is the first mention of Megastigmidae having as a host plant a species from Lythraceae. It is also the first recorded association of Chalcidoidea with the genus Pemphis and the first mention of Megastigmidae and Megastigmus in the Maldives Archipelago. We provide a detailed description of the species, focusing on its morphology, using both light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Megastigmus irinae Popescu n. sp. is a strictly phytophagous species, with each larva consuming a single seed. Currently, M. irinae is an endemic species found only in the Maldives Archipelago. However, considering the distribution of its host plant, P. acidula, which ranges from East Africa to Southeast Asia, Australia, Micronesia, and French Polynesia, we anticipate that future research could significantly expand the known range of this interesting new species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irinel Eugen Popescu
- Faculty of Biology, “Alexandru Ioan Cuza” University of Iași, Bdul Carol I, no. 11, 700506 Iasi, Romania;
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Yang C, Liao C, Xu J, Liu P, Staines CL, Dai X. Field survey of Cassidinae beetles (Coleoptera, Chrysomelidae) and their host plants in southern Guangxi, China. Biodivers Data J 2023; 11:e107523. [PMID: 37559909 PMCID: PMC10407652 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.11.e107523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Few systematic studies have been conducted on the faunal composition and food web structure of Cassidinae of China. During 2013-2019, we systematically investigated Cassidinae beetles and their host plants in the southern Guangxi. A total of 2,255 Cassidinae individuals from 66 species, 23 genera and ten tribes were collected in southern Guangxi. Most species belonged to the tribe Hispini (23 species, 34.8%), followed by the tribe Gonophorini (13 species, 19.7%), Cassidini (eight species, 12.1%) and Aspidimorphini (six species, 9.1%). The others (16 species) belonged to the tribes Anisoderini, Botryonopini, Callispini, Oncocephalini, Notosacanthini and Leptispini. The tribe Notosacanthini was recorded from Guangxi for the first time. The genera Neownesia (Botryonopini), Gonophora (Gonophorini), Micrispa (Gonophorini), Notosacantha (Notosacanthini) and Prionispa (Oncocephalini) were firstly recorded in Guangxi. In total, we obtained 47 newly-recorded species in southern Guangxi and 33 newly-recorded species in the whole Guangxi, of which, Callispafrontalis Medvedev, 1992 was newly recorded in China. Dactylispafeae Gestro (625 individuals) and D.chinensis Weise (565 individuals) were the most common species. A total of 69 species, 53 genera and 19 families of host plants were identified for Cassidinae in southern Guangxi. Many host plant associations are new records for Cassidinae. Quantitative food web analysis indicated that Cassidinae species in southern Guangxi primarily fed on Poaceae, Convolvulaceae, Cyperaceae and Rosaceae. Generally, the plant-Cassidinae food webs were moderately complex and stable in southern Guangxi. This is the first large contribution to the knowledge of the species composition and host plant diversity of Cassidinae in southern Guangxi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaokun Yang
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, ChinaLeafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhouChina
| | - Chengqing Liao
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, ChinaLeafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhouChina
| | - Jiasheng Xu
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, ChinaLeafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhouChina
| | - Peng Liu
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, ChinaLeafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhouChina
| | - Charles L. Staines
- Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, United States of AmericaSmithsonian Environmental Research CenterEdgewaterUnited States of America
| | - Xiaohua Dai
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, ChinaLeafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhouChina
- National Navel-Orange Engineering Research Center, Ganzhou, ChinaNational Navel-Orange Engineering Research CenterGanzhouChina
- Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Nanling Insect Biology, Ganzhou, ChinaGanzhou Key Laboratory of Nanling Insect BiologyGanzhouChina
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Lim YZ, Poh YH, Lee KC, Pointing SB, Wainwright BJ, Tan EJ. Influence of native and exotic plant diet on the gut microbiome of the Gray's Malayan stick insect, Lonchodes brevipes. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1199187. [PMID: 37577436 PMCID: PMC10412900 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1199187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbivorous insects require an active lignocellulolytic microbiome to process their diet. Stick insects (phasmids) are common in the tropics and display a cosmopolitan host plant feeding preference. The microbiomes of social insects are vertically transmitted to offspring, while for solitary species, such as phasmids, it has been assumed that microbiomes are acquired from their diet. This study reports the characterization of the gut microbiome for the Gray's Malayan stick insect, Lonchodes brevipes, reared on native and introduced species of host plants and compared to the microbiome of the host plant and surrounding soil to gain insight into possible sources of recruitment. Clear differences in the gut microbiome occurred between insects fed on native and exotic plant diets, and the native diet displayed a more species-rich fungal microbiome. While the findings suggest that phasmids may be capable of adapting their gut microbiome to changing diets, it is uncertain whether this may lead to any change in dietary efficiency or organismal fitness. Further insight in this regard may assist conservation and management decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhen Lim
- Division of Science, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yan Hong Poh
- Division of Science, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kevin C. Lee
- School of Science, Auckland University of Technology, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Stephen Brian Pointing
- Division of Science, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Benjamin J. Wainwright
- Division of Science, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eunice Jingmei Tan
- Division of Science, Yale-NUS College, Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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20
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Dutta P, Mahanta M, Singh SB, Thakuria D, Deb L, Kumari A, Upamanya GK, Boruah S, Dey U, Mishra AK, Vanlaltani L, VijayReddy D, Heisnam P, Pandey AK. Molecular interaction between plants and Trichoderma species against soil-borne plant pathogens. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1145715. [PMID: 37255560 PMCID: PMC10225716 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1145715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Trichoderma spp. (Hypocreales) are used worldwide as a lucrative biocontrol agent. The interactions of Trichoderma spp. with host plants and pathogens at a molecular level are important in understanding the various mechanisms adopted by the fungus to attain a close relationship with their plant host through superior antifungal/antimicrobial activity. When working in synchrony, mycoparasitism, antibiosis, competition, and the induction of a systemic acquired resistance (SAR)-like response are considered key factors in deciding the biocontrol potential of Trichoderma. Sucrose-rich root exudates of the host plant attract Trichoderma. The soluble secretome of Trichoderma plays a significant role in attachment to and penetration and colonization of plant roots, as well as modulating the mycoparasitic and antibiosis activity of Trichoderma. This review aims to gather information on how Trichoderma interacts with host plants and its role as a biocontrol agent of soil-borne phytopathogens, and to give a comprehensive account of the diverse molecular aspects of this interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranab Dutta
- School of Crop Protection, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Meghalaya, Imphal, India
| | - Madhusmita Mahanta
- School of Crop Protection, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Meghalaya, Imphal, India
| | | | - Dwipendra Thakuria
- School of Natural Resource Management, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Imphal, India
| | - Lipa Deb
- School of Crop Protection, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Meghalaya, Imphal, India
| | - Arti Kumari
- School of Crop Protection, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Meghalaya, Imphal, India
| | - Gunadhya K. Upamanya
- Sarat Chandra Singha (SCS) College of Agriculture, Assam Agricultural University (Jorhat), Dhubri, Assam, India
| | - Sarodee Boruah
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK)-Tinsukia, Assam Agricultural University (Jorhat), Tinsukia, Assam, India
| | - Utpal Dey
- Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK)-Sepahijala, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Tripura, Sepahijala, India
| | - A. K. Mishra
- Department of Plant Pathology, Dr Rajendra Prasad Central Agricultural University, Bihar, Samastipur, India
| | - Lydia Vanlaltani
- School of Crop Protection, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Meghalaya, Imphal, India
| | - Dumpapenchala VijayReddy
- School of Crop Protection, College of Post Graduate Studies in Agricultural Sciences, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Meghalaya, Imphal, India
| | - Punabati Heisnam
- Department of Agronomy, Central Agricultural University (Imphal), Pasighat, India
| | - Abhay K. Pandey
- Department of Mycology and Microbiology, Tea Research Association, North Bengal Regional, R & D Center, Jalpaiguri, West Bengal, India
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21
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Zhang A, Li T, Yuan L, Tan M, Jiang D, Yan S. Digestive Characteristics of Hyphantria cunea Larvae on Different Host Plants. Insects 2023; 14:insects14050463. [PMID: 37233091 DOI: 10.3390/insects14050463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Digestive physiology mediates the adaptation of phytophagous insects to host plants. In this study, the digestive characteristics of Hyphantria cunea larvae feeding preferences on different host plants were investigated. The results showed that the body weight, food utilization, and nutrient contents of H. cunea larvae feeding on the high-preference host plants were significantly higher than those feeding on the low-preference host plants. However, the activity of larval digestive enzymes in different host plants presented an opposite trend, as higher α-amylase or trypsin activity was observed in the group feeding on the low-preference host plants than that feeding on the high-preference host plants. Upon treatment of leaves with α-amylase and trypsin inhibitors, the body weight, food intake, food utilization rate, and food conversion rate of H. cunea larvae significantly decreased in all host plant groups. Furthermore, the H. cunea comprised highly adaptable compensatory mechanisms of digestion involving digestive enzymes and nutrient metabolism in response to digestive enzyme inhibitors. Taken together, digestive physiology mediates the adaptation of H. cunea to multiple host plants, and the compensatory effect of digestive physiology is an important counter-defense strategy implemented by H. cunea to resist plant defense factors, especially the insect digestive enzyme inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aoying Zhang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Tao Li
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Lisha Yuan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Mingtao Tan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Dun Jiang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Shanchun Yan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
- Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
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22
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Wang WW, He PY, Liu TX, Jing XF, Zhang SZ. Comparative studies of ovipositional preference, larval feeding selectivity, and nutritional indices of Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) on 6 crops. J Econ Entomol 2023:7135994. [PMID: 37085154 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toad065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith), is a significant invasive pest identified as a serious threat to global agricultural production and food security. However, its ovipositional preference, larval feeding selectivity, and nutritional indices are less studied. Here, we investigated these traits of FAW when fed on maize, wheat, soybean, tomato, cotton, and Chinese cabbage, and analyzed the correlation between its nutritional indices and the nutritional contents of crops. The results showed that the highest number of eggs were laid on maize and the lowest number were laid on tomato. The highest feeding choice rate of third instar larvae was on maize, and the lowest was on Chinese cabbage. The fifth instar larvae showed the highest feeding choice rate on maize, but no significant differences were found among other crop species. The food consumption (FC), the relative growth rate (RGR), and the approximate digestibility (AD) were significantly higher on maize and wheat, while the efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI) and the efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD) were significantly higher when fed on cotton and Chinese cabbage. The FC, the relative consumption rate (RCR), RGR, and AD were significantly and positively correlated with soluble sugar and protein contents of host plants, while the ECI and ECD were significantly and negatively correlated with the soluble sugar content. The present study indicates that FAW may cause potential economic losses to these crops besides maize, and these findings are valuable in managing and controlling this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Peng-Yang He
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Tong-Xian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Xiang-Feng Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
| | - Shi-Ze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China
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23
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Bahadur A, Jiang S, Zhang W, Sajjad W, Usman M, Nasir F, Amir Zia M, Zhang Q, Pan J, Liu Y, Chen T, Feng H. Competitive interactions in two different plant species: Do grassland mycorrhizal communities and nitrogen addition play the same game? Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1084218. [PMID: 36993846 PMCID: PMC10040756 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1084218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In the Tibetan Plateau grassland ecosystems, nitrogen (N) availability is rising dramatically; however, the influence of higher N on the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) might impact on plant competitive interactions. Therefore, understanding the part played by AMF in the competition between Vicia faba and Brassica napus and its dependence on the N-addition status is necessary. To address this, a glasshouse experiment was conducted to examine whether the grassland AMF community's inocula (AMF and NAMF) and N-addition levels (N-0 and N-15) alter plant competition between V. faba and B. napus. Two harvests took day 45 (1st harvest) and day 90 (2nd harvest), respectively. The findings showed that compared to B. napus, AMF inoculation significantly improved the competitive potential of the V. faba. In the occurrence of AMF, V. faba was the strongest competitor being facilitated by B. napus in both harvests. While under N-15, AMF significantly enhanced tissue N:P ratio in B. napus mixed-culture at 1st harvest, the opposite trend was observed in 2nd harvest. The mycorrhizal growth dependency slightly negatively affected mixed-culture compared to monoculture under both N-addition treatments. The aggressivity index of AMF plants was higher than NAMF plants with both N-addition and harvests. Our observation highlights that mycorrhizal associations might facilitate host plant species in mixed-culture with non-host plant species. Additionally, interacting with N-addition, AMF could impact the competitive ability of the host plant not only directly but also indirectly, thereby changing the growth and nutrient uptake of competing plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Bahadur
- Key Laboratory of Extreme Environmental Microbial Resources and Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptation, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Shengjing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-ecosystems, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wasim Sajjad
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Muhammad Usman
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agroecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fahad Nasir
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Muhammad Amir Zia
- National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology, National Agriculture Research Center, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Qi Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptation, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jianbin Pan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptation, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptation, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Tuo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China
| | - Huyuan Feng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptation, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
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24
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Lebeda A, Burdon JJ. Studying Wild Plant Pathosystems to Understand Crop Plant Pathosystems: Status, Gaps, Challenges, and Perspectives. Phytopathology 2023; 113:365-380. [PMID: 36256745 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-01-22-0018-per] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Phytopathology is a highly complex scientific discipline. Initially, its focus was on the study of plant-pathogen interactions in agricultural and forestry production systems. Host-pathogen interactions in natural plant communities were generally overlooked until the 1970s when plant pathologists and evolutionary biologists started to take an interest in these interactions, and their dynamics in natural plant populations, communities, and ecosystems. This article introduces the general principles of plant pathosystems, provides a basic critical overview of current knowledge of host-pathogen interactions in natural plant pathosystems, and shows how this knowledge is important for future developments in plant pathology especially as it applies in cropping systems, ecology, and evolutionary biology. Plant pathosystems can be further divided according to the structure and origin of control, as autonomous (wild plant pathosystems, WPPs) or deterministic (crop plant pathosystems, CPPs). WPPs are characterized by the disease triangle and closed-loop (feedback) controls, and CPPs are characterized by the disease tetrahedron and open-loop (non-feedback) controls. Basic general, ecological, genetic, and population structural and functional differences between WPPs and CPPs are described. It is evident that we lack a focus on long-term observations and research of diseases and their dynamics in natural plant populations, metapopulations, communities, ecosystems, and biomes, as well as their direct or indirect relationships to CPPs. Differences and connections between WPPs and CPPs, and why, and how, these are important for agriculture varies. WPP and CPP may be linked by strong biological interactions, especially where the pathogen is in common. This is demonstrated through a case study of lettuce (Lactuca spp., L. serriola and L. sativa) and lettuce downy mildew (Bremia lactucae). In other cases where there is no such direct biological linkage, the study of WPPs can provide a deeper understanding of how ecology and genetics interacts to drive disease through time. These studies provide insights into ways in which farming practices may be changed to limit disease development. Research on interactions between pathosystems, the "cross-talk" of WPPs and CPPs, is still very limited and, as shown in interactions between wild and cultivated Lactuca spp.-B. lactucae associations, can be highly complex. The implications and applications of this knowledge in plant breeding, crop management, and disease control measures are considered. This review concludes with a discussion of theoretical, general and specific aspects, challenges and limits of future WPP research, and application of their results in agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleš Lebeda
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Palacký University in Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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25
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Reinbacher L, Praprotnik E, Razinger J, Bacher S, Grabenweger G. Influence of Wireworm Diet on its Susceptibility to and Control With the Entomopathogenic Fungus Metarhizium brunneum (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) in Laboratory and Field Settings. J Econ Entomol 2023; 116:108-118. [PMID: 36575909 PMCID: PMC9912137 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) represent promising control agents against wireworms but success in field experiments is inconsistent. The physiological condition of the targeted insect is crucial for its ability to withstand fungal infection. In particular, nutritional status is among the most important determinants of the insects' immune defense. In this study, we investigated the effects of diet on the development of the wireworm Agriotes obscurus (L.) (Coleoptera: Elateridae) and its subsequent susceptibility to the fungal pathogen Metarhizium brunneum (Petch) (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) in a pot experiment. After being reared on one of five plant diets for eight weeks, wireworms were exposed to an environment inoculated with the EPF and monitored for their susceptibility to fungal infection. We then performed a field experiment in which three plant diets (clover, radish, and a cover crop mix), selected according to the insects' performance in the laboratory experiment, were grown as a cover crop with EPF application. Plant diet influenced growth and development of larvae, but there were no strong differences in susceptibility toward fungal infection in the laboratory experiment. Damage levels in EPF-treated plots in the field varied depending on the cover crop. Damage was highest in plots planted with a mix of cover crop species, whereas damage was lowest in plots with clover or radish alone. This agrees with the laboratory results where insect performance was inferior when fed on clover or radish. Cover crop effects on wireworm damage in the subsequent cash crop may thus vary depending on the cover crop species selected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva Praprotnik
- Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Plant Protection Department, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Jaka Razinger
- Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Plant Protection Department, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sven Bacher
- University of Fribourg, Department of Biology, Unit of Ecology and Evolution, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Giselher Grabenweger
- Agroscope, Extension Arable Crops, Departement Plants and Plant Products, Zurich, Switzerland
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Shen X, Guo J, Yang X, Wei S, Wu K. Stable Isotopes Indicate Seasonal Changes in Natal Geographic Origins and Host Plants of Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée) Migrants Across the Bohai Strait in China. J Econ Entomol 2023; 116:136-143. [PMID: 36490213 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Asian corn borer, Ostrinia furnacalis (Guenée), is a notorious pest of maize that migrates seasonally in Asia. Two migration peaks were found on Beihuang island in the Bohai Strait of China by observing the number of migrants. However, the origins and host plants of the migrants in the two migration periods remain unclear. Here, stable hydrogen (δ2H) and carbon (δ13C) isotope levels were measured to infer the origin and host plants of the O. furnacalis captured on Beihuang island in 2017-2019. δ2H in wings of spring-summer O. furnacalis captured from May to June ranged from -99 to -56‰, while that of autumn migrants from August to September ranged from -127 to -81‰. Based on the linear relationship between δ2H in the wing of migrants (δ2Hw) and δ2H in precipitation (δ2Hp), the spring-summer O. furnacalis likely originated from the summer maize area in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain in China. In contrast, the autumn migrants came from the northern spring maize area in Liaoning, Jilin and Inner Mongolia. Based on δ13C, the spring-summer migrants fed on both C3 plants such as wheat (47.76%) and C4 weeds or belonged to the over winter individuals in maize field (52.24%), while the autumn migrants mainly fed on maize (C4, 91.21%). The results point to a northward migration in spring-summer and southward migration in autumn of O. furnacalis. Our study gives an important knowledge for improving the forecasting and management level of this pest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujing Shen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, PR China
| | - Jianglong Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Northern Region of North China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, IPM Center of Hebei Province, Plant Protection Institute, Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry Sciences, Baoding, 071000, PR China
| | - Xianming Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Shujun Wei
- Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, PR China
| | - Kongming Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, PR China
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27
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Sisay B, Sevgan S, Weldon CW, Krüger K, Torto B, Tamiru A. Responses of the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) to different host plants: Implications for its management strategy. Pest Manag Sci 2023; 79:845-856. [PMID: 36301535 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The selection of suitable host plants for oviposition is critical for herbivorous insects to maximise survival of their offspring. Olfaction plays an important role in this process. However, little is known about how olfaction shapes the interaction between the fall armyworm (Spodoptera frugiperda) and host plants. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that olfaction guides the host selection process in the fall armyworm using oviposition and wind tunnel bioassays. RESULTS In no-choice and dual-choice assays, female moths oviposited on all seven host plants that were tested (maize, sorghum, wheat, bean, cowpea, tomato and cabbage). However, in multiple-choice assays, no eggs were deposited on cowpea and cabbage. We found that maize, sorghum and wheat were most preferred for oviposition, whereas cowpea was least preferred. Wind tunnel assays confirmed these divergent oviposition preferences, with maize, sorghum and wheat odours being the most attractive. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis followed by random forest classification identified terpenes as the potential host-plant attractants. CONCLUSION Our results improve our understanding of the chemical ecology of the fall armyworm and suggest that some of these host plants could offer potential for use in an intercropping strategy to manage S. frugiperda. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birhanu Sisay
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya
- Forestry and Agriculture Biotechnology Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028, South Africa
| | - Subramanian Sevgan
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya
| | - Christopher W Weldon
- Forestry and Agriculture Biotechnology Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028, South Africa
| | - Kerstin Krüger
- Forestry and Agriculture Biotechnology Institute, Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028, South Africa
| | - Baldwyn Torto
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya
- Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield, 0028, South Africa
| | - Amanuel Tamiru
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology, Nairobi, P.O. Box 30772-00100, Kenya
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28
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Abstract
Spotted lanternfly, Lycorma delicatula (White), invaded the eastern United States in 2014 and has since caused economic and ecological disruption. In particular, spotted lanternfly has shown itself to be a significant pest of vineyards and ornamental plants and is likely to continue to spread to new areas. Factors that have contributed to its success as an invader include its wide host range and high mobility, which allow it to infest a wide range of habitats, including agricultural, urban, suburban, and managed and natural forested areas. Management is dependent on chemical use, although no single currently available control measure alone will be sufficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie M Urban
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA;
| | - Heather Leach
- Department of Entomology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA;
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Ortolá B, Daròs JA. Viroids: Non-Coding Circular RNAs Able to Autonomously Replicate and Infect Higher Plants. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12:biology12020172. [PMID: 36829451 PMCID: PMC9952643 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Viroids are a unique type of infectious agent, exclusively composed of a relatively small (246-430 nt), highly base-paired, circular, non-coding RNA. Despite the small size and non-coding nature, the more-than-thirty currently known viroid species infectious of higher plants are able to autonomously replicate and move systemically through the host, thereby inducing disease in some plants. After recalling viroid discovery back in the late 60s and early 70s of last century and discussing current hypotheses about their evolutionary origin, this article reviews our current knowledge about these peculiar infectious agents. We describe the highly base-paired viroid molecules that fold in rod-like or branched structures and viroid taxonomic classification in two families, Pospiviroidae and Avsunviroidae, likely gathering nuclear and chloroplastic viroids, respectively. We review current knowledge about viroid replication through RNA-to-RNA rolling-circle mechanisms in which host factors, notably RNA transporters, RNA polymerases, RNases, and RNA ligases, are involved. Systemic movement through the infected plant, plant-to-plant transmission and host range are also discussed. Finally, we focus on the mechanisms of viroid pathogenesis, in which RNA silencing has acquired remarkable importance, and also for the initiation of potential biotechnological applications of viroid molecules.
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Cardoso JCF, Gonçalves PHP, Oliveira DC, Rezende UC. Host plant intraspecific variation determines gall traits. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2023; 25:208-214. [PMID: 36184888 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Galls display a multiplicity of traits, including colours, which are driven by pigment accumulation. Their conspicuousness has attracted researchers' attention and several hypotheses have been raised. However, plants themselves vary intra-specifically, including in their pigment concentrations. As galls are a result of host tissue development, colours may be a by-product of the host's own traits, being more conspicuous simply because the sites where galls develop already have the predisposition to accumulate more pigment. Here, we call this the host variation hypothesis. We test this hypothesis using the system of galls induced by Palaeomystella oligophaga on Macairea radula host plant. Using spectrophotometry, we calculated the Anthocyanin Reflectance Index (ARI) of gall projections, which are responsible for their characteristic colours. We tested the influence of occupant identity (galling insect or any natural enemy), gall volume, parenchyma thickness, height from the ground, ARI of leaf, ARI of gall surface and ARI of the respective stem. We corroborated the host variation hypothesis since the anthocyanin content in stems and in galls' projections were positively related. Moreover, anthocyanin in galls' projections was positively related to anthocyanin in the gall surface and negatively related to gall volume and parenchyma thickness. This shows that, besides the host specificities, galls' own traits may also be responsible for pigment accumulation, influencing their colours. In this study, using colour as an example, we show that although galls tend to be considered complex expressions of galling insects' stimuli, their traits may be simply influenced by previous and specific attributes of the host organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C F Cardoso
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - P H P Gonçalves
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - D C Oliveira
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - U C Rezende
- Institute of Biology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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Eo JK, Choi JW, Eom AH. Diversity, Distribution, and Host Plant of Endophytic Fungi: A Focus on Korea. Mycobiology 2022; 50:399-407. [PMID: 36721791 PMCID: PMC9848380 DOI: 10.1080/12298093.2022.2154044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Endophytic fungi occupy inner plant tissues, which results in various interactions between the fungus and host. Studies on endophytic fungi have been conducted in Korea for over 30 years. This paper summarizes the published results of those studies. The endophytic fungi of approximately 132 plant species in Korea have been studied since the 1990s, resulting in over 118 publications. The host plants featured in these studies comprised 3 species of mosses, 34 species of woody plants, and 95 species of herbaceous plants. At the family level, the most studied plants were members of the Poaceae family, covering 18 species. Regionally, these studies were conducted throughout Korea, but over half of the studies were conducted in Gyeongsangbuk-do, Gangwon-do, and Chungcheongnam-do. Relatively few studies have been conducted in a metropolis such as Seoul. We confirmed 5 phyla, 16 classes, 49 orders, 135 families, 305 genera, and 855 taxa of endophytic fungi, excluding Incertae sedis, whose relationship with others are unknown. Most of the endophytic fungi belonged to Ascomycota (93.2%), and a few belonged to Basidiomycota (3.6%). Since the diversity of endophytic fungi differs depending on the host plant, plant tissue, and distribution region, future studies should be conducted on multiple host plants and in various regions. Future studies on endophytic fungi are expected to broaden, including genomics and taxonomic and ecological studies of secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju-Kyeong Eo
- Division of Ecological Applications Research, Bureau of Conservation Research, National Institute of Ecology, Chungnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Choi
- Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahn-Heum Eom
- Department of Biology Education, Korea National University of Education, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea
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Oliveira Padovez FE, Hideo Kanno R, Zaia Zambon G, Omoto C, Sartori Guidolin A. The Cost of Resistance to Diamide Insecticide Varies With the Host Plant in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J Econ Entomol 2022; 115:2041-2050. [PMID: 36255734 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Fitness costs associated with insect resistance to insecticides can be exploited to implement resistance management programs. However, most of these studies are restricted to evaluating biological traits on artificial diets. Here, we investigated the fitness cost associated with chlorantraniliprole in Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith) feeding on corn, soybean, and cotton plants. We used a near-isogenic strain of S. frugiperda resistant to chlorantraniliprole (Iso-RR), a susceptible strain (SS), and heterozygotes strains (H1 and H2) to evaluate several biological and population growth parameters. Larval survival of the Iso-RR strain was on average 90% on corn, 65% on soybean, and 57% on cotton plants. Development time of the larval stage also differed among host plants, Iso-RR strain took on average 14, 17, and 26 days to reach the pupal stage on corn, soybean, and cotton plants respectively. Net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate of population increase, and finite rate of population increase were higher for Iso-RR strain feeding on corn plants than other host plants. The relative fitness, based on the intrinsic rate of population increase, of S. frugiperda resistant strain on corn, soybean, and cotton plants were 1.04, 0.85, and 0.88, respectively. Therefore, no fitness cost was observed for S. frugiperda feeding on corn plants, but a significant fitness cost was observed when this pest fed on soybean and cotton plants. We showed that the food source influences the fitness cost of S. frugiperda resistant to diamide. Such information may help to implement resistance management strategies based on each crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Elias Oliveira Padovez
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, University of Sao Paulo, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (USP/ ESALQ), Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Rubens Hideo Kanno
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, University of Sao Paulo, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (USP/ ESALQ), Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Zaia Zambon
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, University of Sao Paulo, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (USP/ ESALQ), Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Celso Omoto
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, University of Sao Paulo, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (USP/ ESALQ), Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
| | - Aline Sartori Guidolin
- Department of Entomology and Acarology, University of Sao Paulo, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (USP/ ESALQ), Piracicaba, SP, 13418-900, Brazil
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Formella A, McIntyre K, Kuhar TP. Effect of Vegetable Host Plant Type on Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) Nymphal Development. J Econ Entomol 2022; 115:2105-2109. [PMID: 36222551 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toac148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The brown marmorated stink bug, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), is an invasive pest introduced to North America in the mid-1990's that has caused economic losses to a wide range of commodities. In vegetables, H. halys feeding damage has been well described, but the effect of different vegetable hosts on H. halys fitness is less understood. We caged 2nd instar H. halys on different vegetable hosts (e.g., tomato, sweet corn, eggplant, bell pepper, and snap bean) and monitored their development until adulthood to compare the effects of vegetable host type on H. halys nymph survival and development time. Experiments were replicated nine times over a two-year period. Survival of 2nd instars from F1 generation (early-season) eggs was low (<30%) on all vegetables resulting in no significant treatment effect. However, H. halys nymphs collected from F2 generation (late-season) eggs had higher survivorship on all vegetables except tomato. The percentage of H. halys 2nd instars that reached adulthood was greatest on corn (53%) and pepper (45%), followed by snap bean (24%), and significantly lower on eggplant (9%) and tomato (2%). Total development time from 2nd instar to adult was fastest on corn and slowest on peppers, although tomatoes were not tested due to the low survival. Trends in development rate were not seasonally-dependent. Our study compares H. halys survivability on several vegetable commodities, and provides insights into H. halys developmental success and dependence on various host plants over the season.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Formella
- North Carolina Cooperative Extension, Currituck County Center, 120 Community Way, Barco, NC 27917, USA
| | - Kelly McIntyre
- Department of Entomology, Price Hall, Room 216A, Virginia Tech, 170 Drillfield Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Thomas P Kuhar
- Department of Entomology, Price Hall, Room 216A, Virginia Tech, 170 Drillfield Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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Lukhtanov VA, Gagarina AV. Molecular Phylogeny and Taxonomy of the Butterfly Subtribe Scolitantidina with Special Focus on the Genera Pseudophilotes, Glaucopsyche and Iolana (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). Insects 2022; 13:1110. [PMID: 36555020 PMCID: PMC9782982 DOI: 10.3390/insects13121110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The Palearctic blue butterfly genus Pseudophilotes Beuret, 1958 is not homogenous regarding the morphology of its genital structures. For this reason, some of its species have been considered to be representatives of other genera of the subtribe Scolitantidina (subfamily Polyommatinae). Here, we address these taxonomic problems by analyzing the phylogenetic relationships between the genera, subgenera, and species of this subtribe inferred via the analysis of five nuclear and two mitochondrial DNA sequences. We demonstrate that the enigmatic Asian species P. panope (Eversmann, 1851) belongs to the genus Pseudophilotes but not to Praephilotes Forster, 1938 or Palaeophilotes Forster, 1938 and does not represent the independent genus Inderskia Korshunov, 2000, as hypothesized previously. We synonymize P. svetlana Yakovlev, 2003 (syn. nov.) and P. marina Zhdanko, 2004 (syn. nov.) with P. panope. We demonstrate a deep genetic divergence between lineages that were previously considered as subspecies of the single species Iolana iolas (Ochsenheimer, 1816). As a result, we confirm the multispecies concept of the genus Iolana Bethune-Baker, 1914. We show that the Holarctic genus Glaucopsyche can be divided into four subgenera: Glaucopsyche Scudder, 1872 (=Shijimiaeoides Beuret, 1958), Apelles Hemming, 1931, Bajluana Korshunov and Ivonin, 1990, and Phaedrotes Scudder, 1876.
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Valle NG, Simões MVP. New Distributional Records and Characterization of the Climatic Niche of Lepturges ( Lepturges) limpidus Bates, 1872 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae): Sink or Source Population? Insects 2022; 13:1069. [PMID: 36421972 PMCID: PMC9694854 DOI: 10.3390/insects13111069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of cases of the spread and establishment of non-native species outside their previously known ranges has been reported in recent years. Here we report new distributional records of Lepturges (Lepturges) limpidus Bates, 1872 (Cerambycidae) from Argentina and investigate whether these records could represent established populations. We constructed ellipsoid envelope models to characterize climatic niches of L. limpidus, identified areas of climatic suitability, investigated the status of new records as climatic outliers, and evaluated its dependency on its known hostplant as a limiting factor for the beetle distribution. Results indicate widespread climatic suitability in the Neotropical Region, and new records are not outliers with regard to the climatic profile of L. limpidus. Association with its known hostplant is non-dependent, indicating that the species might utilize different hosts plants. New records likely represent established populations, but targeted surveys should be carried out to detect new arrivals and enable the installation of mitigation and control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Néstor G. Valle
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Avda. Libertad 5470, Corrientes W3400 BCH, Argentina
| | - Marianna V. P. Simões
- Senckenberg Deutsches Entomologisches Institut, Eberswalder Straße 90, 15374 Müncheberg, Germany
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Boissinot S, Ducousso M, Brault V, Drucker M. Bioluminescence Production by Turnip Yellows Virus Infectious Clones: A New Way to Monitor Plant Virus Infection. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213685. [PMID: 36430165 PMCID: PMC9692398 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
We used the NanoLuc luciferase bioluminescent reporter system to detect turnip yellows virus (TuYV) in infected plants. For this, TuYV was genetically tagged by replacing the C-terminal part of the RT protein with full-length NanoLuc (TuYV-NL) or with the N-terminal domain of split NanoLuc (TuYV-N65-NL). Wild-type and recombinant viruses were agro-infiltrated in Nicotiana benthamiana, Montia perfoliata, and Arabidopsis thaliana. ELISA confirmed systemic infection and similar accumulation of the recombinant viruses in N. benthamiana and M. perfoliata but reduced systemic infection and lower accumulation in A. thaliana. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the recombinant sequences were stable in N. benthamiana and M. perfoliata but not in A. thaliana. Bioluminescence imaging detected TuYV-NL in inoculated and systemically infected leaves. For the detection of split NanoLuc, we constructed transgenic N. benthamiana plants expressing the C-terminal domain of split NanoLuc. Bioluminescence imaging of these plants after agro-infiltration with TuYV-N65-NL allowed the detection of the virus in systemically infected leaves. Taken together, our results show that NanoLuc luciferase can be used to monitor infection with TuYV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvaine Boissinot
- Santé de la Vigne et Qualiité du Vin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1131, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Centre Grand Est, Université Strasbourg, 68000 Colmar, France
| | - Marie Ducousso
- Plant Health Institute Montpellier, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, CIRAD, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Institut Agro, Université Montpellier, 34980 Montferrier sur Lez, France
| | - Véronique Brault
- Santé de la Vigne et Qualiité du Vin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1131, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Centre Grand Est, Université Strasbourg, 68000 Colmar, France
| | - Martin Drucker
- Santé de la Vigne et Qualiité du Vin, Unité Mixte de Recherche 1131, Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, Centre Grand Est, Université Strasbourg, 68000 Colmar, France
- Correspondence:
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Rodriguez EJ, Steck GJ, Moore MR, Norrbom AL, Diaz J, Somma LA, Ruiz-Arce R, Sutton BD, Nolazco N, Muller A, Branham MA. Exceptional larval morphology of nine species of the Anastrephamucronota species group (Diptera, Tephritidae). Zookeys 2022; 1127:155-215. [PMID: 36760355 PMCID: PMC9836592 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Anastrepha is the most diverse and economically important genus of Tephritidae in the American tropics and subtropics. The striking morphology of the third instars of Anastrephacaballeroi Norrbom, Anastrephacrebra Stone, Anastrephahaplacantha Norrbom & Korytkowski, Anastrephakorytkowskii Norrbom, Anastrephanolazcoae Norrbom & Korytkowski, and three newly discovered and as yet formally unnamed species (Anastrepha sp. Peru-82, Anastrephasp.nr.protuberans, and Anastrepha sp. Sur-16), and the more typical morphology of Anastrephaaphelocentema Stone, are described using light and scanning electron microscopy. To contribute to a better understanding of the interspecific and intraspecific variation among species in the mucronota species group and facilitate phylogenetic studies, we integrate molecular and morphological techniques to confirm the identity and describe third instars. Larva-adult associations and the identification of described larvae were confirmed using DNA barcodes. We provide diagnostic characters to distinguish larvae among these nine species of the mucronota group and separate them from those of the 29 other Anastrepha species previously described. We introduce the vertical comb-like processes on the oral margin as a novel character, and the unusual character states, including position and shape of the preoral lobe, and dentate or fringed posterior margins of the oral ridges and accessory plates. Our comparative morphology concurs with most previously inferred phylogenetic relationships within the mucronota group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick J. Rodriguez
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USAUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States of America
| | - Gary J. Steck
- Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry (FDACS/DPI), Gainesville, FL, USAFlorida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant IndustryGainesvilleUnited States of America
| | - Matthew R. Moore
- Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry (FDACS/DPI), Gainesville, FL, USAFlorida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant IndustryGainesvilleUnited States of America
| | - Allen L. Norrbom
- Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, ARS, c/o Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USAc/o Smithsonian InstitutionWashingtonUnited States of America
| | - Jessica Diaz
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USAUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States of America
| | - Louis A. Somma
- Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry (FDACS/DPI), Gainesville, FL, USAFlorida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant IndustryGainesvilleUnited States of America
| | - Raul Ruiz-Arce
- USDA APHIS PPQ S and T Insect Management and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, 22675 N. Moorefield Road, Edinburg, TX 78541, USAUSDA APHIS PPQ S and T Insect Management and Molecular Diagnostic LaboratoryEdinburgUnited States of America
| | - Bruce D. Sutton
- Research Associate, Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, USNM, Gainesville, FL, USASmithsonian InstitutionGainesvilleUnited States of America
| | - Norma Nolazco
- Centro de Diagnostico de Sanidad Vegetal, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agraria, Av. La Molina 1915, La Molina, PeruCentro de Diagnostico de Sanidad Vegetal, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad AgrariaLa MolinaPeru
| | - Alies Muller
- (retired) Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, Paramaribo, SurinameMinistry of AgricultureParamariboSuriname
| | - Marc A. Branham
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USAUniversity of FloridaGainesvilleUnited States of America
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Numbi Muya GM, Mutiaka BK, Bindelle J, Francis F, Caparros Megido R. Human Consumption of Insects in Sub-Saharan Africa: Lepidoptera and Potential Species for Breeding. Insects 2022; 13:886. [PMID: 36292834 PMCID: PMC9604451 DOI: 10.3390/insects13100886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There are 472 edible insect species in sub-Saharan Africa, of which 31% are Lepidoptera. Wild harvesting is still the main source of supply for these prized species to this day, with some harvesting techniques negatively impacting the environment. The successful production of edible caterpillars requires the appropriate and efficient implementation of husbandry techniques and practices. In this review, we present current literature on edible caterpillars. We provide a general overview of their life history, nutritional composition, and availability associated with specific host plants, with emphasis on semi-domestication and rearing practices that should replace wild harvest. Based on the assimilated information, a proposal of potential species for farming is provided, with details on key characteristics of development cycles to promote the establishment and development of sustainable farms of edible caterpillars at small and large scales. Such advances would contribute toward reducing anthropological pressure related to the exploitation of these food resources, as well as the environmental footprint of this widespread practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Marceline Numbi Muya
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
- Department of Zootechnics, University of Kinshasa, Kimwenza Road No. 01, Commune of Lemba, Kinshasa 012, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Bienvenu Kambashi Mutiaka
- Department of Zootechnics, University of Kinshasa, Kimwenza Road No. 01, Commune of Lemba, Kinshasa 012, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jérôme Bindelle
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Frédéric Francis
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
| | - Rudy Caparros Megido
- Functional and Evolutionary Entomology, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liege, Passage des Déportés 2, 5030 Gembloux, Belgium
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Chen T, Dai X, Eiseman C. A checklist of gymnosperm-feeding leafminers (Arthopoda, Insecta) in North America and Europe. Biodivers Data J 2022; 10:e91313. [PMID: 36761634 PMCID: PMC9848575 DOI: 10.3897/bdj.10.e91313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The leafminers on gymnosperms receive much less attention than those on either angiosperms or ferns. Given the distinctly different leaf shape and leaf venation found in gymnosperms, they would be expected to host significantly different leafminer groups. Very few comprehensive reports on gymnosperm-feeding leafminers have been presented. Based on the well-studied fauna in North America and Europe, we compiled a list of 133 species, 30 genera and 13 families of gymnosperm-feeding leafminers. The gymnosperm-mining families (in descending order of leafminer number) included Tortricidae, Gelechiidae, Argyresthiidae, Yponomeutidae, Batrachedridae, Pyralidae, Adelidae, Agromyzidae, Blastobasidae, Bucculatricidae, Coleophoridae, Curculionidae and Noctuidae. There were 109 species, 22 genera and ten families in North America and 34 species, 19 genera and nine families in Europe. We compiled a list of 102 species and 16 genera of host plants, belonging to four families: Pinaceae, Cupressaceae, Taxaceae and Zamiaceae. There were 84 host species, 15 genera and three host families in North America and 46 host species, ten genera and three host families in Europe. Dominant gymnosperm-mining families and dominant host families were generally the same in the two continents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taibin Chen
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, ChinaLeafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhouChina
| | - Xiaohua Dai
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou, ChinaLeafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal UniversityGanzhouChina,National Navel-Orange Engineering Research Center, Ganzhou, ChinaNational Navel-Orange Engineering Research CenterGanzhouChina,Ganzhou Key Laboratory of Nanling Insect Biology, Ganzhou, ChinaGanzhou Key Laboratory of Nanling Insect BiologyGanzhouChina
| | - Charles Eiseman
- none, Northfield, MA, United States of AmericanoneNorthfield, MAUnited States of America
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40
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Guo Z, Jin R, Guo Z, Cai T, Zhang Y, Gao J, Huang G, Wan H, He S, Xie Y, Li J, Ma K. Insecticide Susceptibility and Mechanism of Spodoptera frugiperda on Different Host Plants. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:11367-11376. [PMID: 36053555 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c04189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) is a worldwide economically important crop pest. Although the individuals of S. frugiperda that invaded China have been characterized as the corn strain, they also have the ability to damage other crops in China. The physiological and behavioral responses of S. frugiperda to different host plants are poorly understood. In the present study, we investigated the host plant preference, fitness costs, and differences in detoxification gene expression and microbiome composition between two S. frugiperda strains that fed on different crop plant diets. The results showed that S. frugiperda larvae exhibited no obvious preference for corn or rice, but significant suppression of development was observed in the rice-fed strain. In addition, the corn-fed strain showed higher insecticide tolerance and detoxification enzyme activities than the rice-fed strain. Moreover, multiple detoxification genes were upregulated in the corn-fed strain, and microbiome composition variation was observed between the two strains. Together, the results suggest that population-specific plasticity is related to host plant diets in S. frugiperda. These results provide a theoretical basis for the evolution of resistance differences in S. frugiperda and are helpful for designing resistance management strategies for S. frugiperda aimed at different crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Guo
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruoheng Jin
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziping Guo
- Hubei Provincial General Station of Plant Protection, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingwei Cai
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhua Zhang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyao Gao
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoyu Huang
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Wan
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Shun He
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanli Xie
- Hubei Provincial General Station of Plant Protection, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianhong Li
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangsheng Ma
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, People's Republic of China
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Fite T, Tefera T, Husemann M, Getaneh G, Villinger J. Genetic Variation and Population Structure of the Old World Bollworm Helicoverpa armigera (Hübner, 1808) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Ethiopia. Environ Entomol 2022; 51:859-869. [PMID: 35797027 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvac039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Helicoverpa armigera is one of the most destructive insect pests of economically valuable crops in the world. Despite its economic importance, the population genetic structure of this insect remains unexplored in Ethiopia. To investigate the genetic diversity and population structure of H. armigera, we sampled 170 individuals from 15 populations throughout Ethiopia. We sequenced a fragment of the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cyt b) gene and five exon-primed intron-crossing (EPIC) markers. Twenty cyt b haplotypes with low-to-moderate haplotype diversity (mean Hd = 0.537) and high nucleotide diversity (mean Pi = 0.00339) were identified. The most frequently observed and widely distributed cyt b haplotype was designated as Hap_1 (67.058%), which is identical to sequences found across the globe. Tajima's D and Fu's F for the cyt b data were negative, supporting a model of population expansion. Within populations, a mean of 2.493 alleles/locus was recorded across the five EPIC loci, ranging from 1.200 to 3.600 alleles/locus. The highest mean effective number of alleles/population was 2.369 and the lowest was 1.178. The mean observed heterozygosity (HO) of the five loci (0-0.289; mean 0.104 ± 0.020) was lower than the expected heterozygosity (HE) (0.095-0.523; mean 0.258 ± 0.028). AMOVA detected significant genetic structure with 61% of the total molecular genetic variation of EPIC genotypes occurring between populations, suggesting a considerable degree of differentiation among populations. STRUCTURE analyses clustered the H. armigera populations into three distinct population groups but very low isolation by distance (R2 = 0.0132, P < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarekegn Fite
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
- School of Plant Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dhawa, Ethiopia
| | - Tadele Tefera
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Martin Husemann
- Museum der Natur, Leibniz Institute for the Analysis of Biodiversity Change, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gezahegne Getaneh
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Ambo Plant Protection Research Center, P.O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Jandouwe Villinger
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), P.O. Box 30772, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
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Chen P, Dai C, Liu H, Hou M. Identification of Key Headspace Volatile Compounds Signaling Preference for Rice over Corn in Adult Females of the Rice Leaf Folder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:9826-9833. [PMID: 35916419 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c01948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Volatile organic compounds are important for herbivorous insects in locating their host plants. The rice leaf folder, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée), is a devastating migratory insect pest of rice in Asian countries. Although C. medinalis can develop even better on corn than on rice plants in insectaries, it rarely occurs on corn plants in the field. We hypothesized that plant volatile-mediated oviposition preference for rice over corn in adult females may be the reason for the observed rare field occurrence of the pest on corn plants. The present study was conducted to identify the olfactory active volatile compounds (OAVCs) that enable C. medinalis females to discriminate rice from corn plants. In cage tests, rice plants were highly preferred for oviposition over corn plants by C. medinalis females. From headspace, chemical analyses identified 15 rice unique, 8 corn unique, and 28 common volatile compounds. Fourteen OAVCs, including seven common, five rice unique, and two corn unique, were determined. In electroantennogram tests, the rice unique and common OAVCs activated the antennal responses in C. medinalis. In Y-tube olfactometer tests, (E)-2-hexenal and 3-hexanol(common OAVCs) and (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate and (E)-2-hexen-1-ol (rice unique OAVCs) attracted more C. medinalis females than the control, and only blends with both rice unique and common OAVCs were highly preferred over the control. Our results provide insights into the chemical cues used by C. medinalis adult females in host location, which may aid the development of novel crop protection strategies based on the manipulation of host-finding behaviors of C. medinalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Changgen Dai
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huan Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Maolin Hou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Jones LC. Insects allocate eggs adaptively according to plant age, stress, disease or damage. Proc Biol Sci 2022; 289:20220831. [PMID: 35858074 PMCID: PMC9277260 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.0831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Most herbivorous insects can only survive on a small subset of the plant species in its environment. Consequently, adult females have evolved sophisticated sensory recognition systems enabling them to find and lay eggs on plants supporting offspring development. This leads to the preference-performance or 'mother knows best' hypothesis that insects should be attracted to host plants that confer higher offspring survival. Previous work shows insects generally select plant species that are best for larval survival, although this is less likely for crops or exotic host plants. Even within a species, however, individual plants can vary greatly in potential suitability depending on age, access to water or nutrients or attack by pathogens or other herbivores. Here, I systematically review 71 studies on 62 insect species testing the preference-performance hypothesis with sets of plants varying in age, stress, fungal/microbial infection or herbivore damage. Altogether, 77% of insects tested with a native host (N = 43) allocated their eggs to plants best for offspring development, as did 64% (N = 22) of insects tested with an exotic host. Results were similar across plant age, stress, disease and damage categories. These findings show adaptive maternal behaviour in insects occurs for both host species and variation among individual plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lachlan C. Jones
- School of Biological Sciences, the University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
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44
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Qin M, Chen J, Jiang L, Qiao G. Insights Into the Species-Specific Microbiota of Greenideinae (Hemiptera: Aphididae) With Evidence of Phylosymbiosis. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:828170. [PMID: 35273583 PMCID: PMC8901875 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.828170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Aphids and their symbionts represent an outstanding model for studies of insect–symbiont interactions. The aphid microbiota can be shaped by aphid species, geography and host plants. However, the relative importance of phylogenetic and ecological factors in shaping microbial community structures is not well understood. Using Illumina sequencing of the V3–V4 hypervariable region of the 16S rRNA gene, we characterized the microbial compositions of 215 aphid colonies representing 53 species of the aphid subfamily Greenideinae from different regions and plants in China, Nepal, and Vietnam. The primary endosymbiont Buchnera aphidicola and secondary symbiont Serratia symbiotica dominated the microbiota of Greenideinae. We simultaneously explored the relative contribution of host identity (i.e., aphid genus and aphid species), geography and host plant to the structures of bacterial, symbiont and secondary symbiont communities. Ordination analyses and statistical tests highlighted the strongest impact of aphid species on the microbial flora in Greenideinae. Furthermore, we found a phylosymbiosis pattern in natural Greenideinae populations, in which the aphid phylogeny was positively correlated with microbial community dissimilarities. These findings will advance our knowledge of host-associated microbiota assembly across both host phylogenetic and ecological contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Qin
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liyun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Gexia Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Agriculture is one of the major farming activities, representing 32% of the gross domestic product of Madagascar and 74.3% of the population is involved in this activity. Fruit flies of the Tephritidae family are considered as the most destructive pests for agriculture in the country, nevertheless, few data exist on host plants and distribution of those pests. In the present study, we address those questions by conducting a large survey between November 2016 and July 2018 across the six agroecological regions of Madagascar. Fruit and vegetable were sampled from 198 plant species (wild and cultivated) and represented 37,965 fruits from all regions of Madagascar. The infestation index ranged from 0.06 to 538.46 pupae/kg, the infestation percentage was up to 54.84% in some samples, 63 plant species were considered as host of Tephritidae. Twelve fruit fly species were identified, seven of which were previously described as endemic, five species could be considered as widespread (altitudinal gradients between 1 and 1634 m asl) and major pests in Madagascar: Ceratitis malgassa (23 plant species from 12 families), Neoceratitis cyanescens (16 plant species from one family), Bactrocera dorsalis (18 plant species from 12 families), Dacus demmerezi (ten plant species from one family), Dacus vertebratus (six species from one family). Those results are of importance for implementation of control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rasolofoarivao
- Département d'Entomologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, B.P.: 906, Antananarivo, 101, Madagascar
| | - L H Raveloson Ravaomanarivo
- Département d'Entomologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, B.P.: 906, Antananarivo, 101, Madagascar
| | - H Delatte
- CIRAD UMR PVBMT, Ambatobe, Antananarivo, 101, Madagascar
- FOFIFA CENRADERU-DRA Ambatobe, Antananarivo, 101, Madagascar
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Reyes Corral CA, Cooper WR, Horton D, Miliczky E, Riebe J, Waters T, Wildung M, Karasev AV. Association of Bactericera cockerelli (Hemiptera: Triozidae) With the Perennial Weed Physalis longifolia (Solanales: Solanaceae) in the Potato-Growing Regions of Western Idaho. Environ Entomol 2021; 50:1416-1424. [PMID: 34392334 DOI: 10.1093/ee/nvab076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The potato psyllid, Bactericera cockerelli (Šulc), is a major pest of potato (Solanales: Solanaceae) as a vector of 'Candidatus Liberibacter solanacearum' (Lso). Bactericera cockerelli colonizes potato from noncrop host plants, yet we do not yet know which noncrop species are the primary sources of Lso-infected psyllids. The perennial weed, Physalis longifolia Nutt., is a high-quality host for B. cockerelli and Lso under laboratory conditions but has been overlooked in recent field studies as a source of Lso-infected psyllids. Our current study had four objectives: 1) determine whether P. longifolia is abundant in potato-growing regions of Washington and Idaho, 2) determine whether stands of P. longifolia harbor B. cockerelli and Lso, 3) identify the psyllid haplotypes occurring on P. longifolia, and 4) use molecular gut content analysis to infer which plant species the psyllids had previously fed upon prior to their capture from P. longifolia. Online herbaria and field searches revealed that P. longifolia is abundant in western Idaho and is present at low densities in the Columbia Basin of Washington. Over 200 psyllids were collected from P. longifolia stands in 2018 and 2019, confirming that B. cockerelli colonizes stands of this plant. Gut content analysis indicated that a proportion of B. cockerelli collected from P. longifolia had arrived there from potato. Confirmation that P. longifolia is abundant in certain potato-growing regions of the Pacific Northwest, and that B. cockerelli readily uses this plant, could improve models to predict the risk of future psyllid and Lso outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cesar A Reyes Corral
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
- Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, 110 N. Western Avenue, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA
| | - W Rodney Cooper
- USDA-ARS, Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research Unit, 5230 Konnowac Pass Road, Wapato, WA 98951, USA
| | - David Horton
- USDA-ARS, Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research Unit, 5230 Konnowac Pass Road, Wapato, WA 98951, USA
| | - Eugene Miliczky
- USDA-ARS, Temperate Tree Fruit and Vegetable Research Unit, 5230 Konnowac Pass Road, Wapato, WA 98951, USA
| | | | - Timothy Waters
- Washington State University Extension, Pasco, WA 99301, USA
| | - Mark Wildung
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioanalysis, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA
| | - Alexander V Karasev
- Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA
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47
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Dorchin N, Shachar E, Friedman ALL, Bronstein O. Reclassification of Gall Midges (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae: Cecidomyiini) from Amaranthaceae, with Description of Ten New Species Based on an Integrative Taxonomic Study. Insects 2021; 12:1126. [PMID: 34940214 PMCID: PMC8707560 DOI: 10.3390/insects12121126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The genus Halodiplosis includes 99 species restricted to host-plants of the Amaranthaceae, virtually all of which are from Central Asia. The discovery of numerous undescribed species putatively belonging to this genus in Israel instigated an exhaustive review of the original descriptions of all known species in this genus. This study revealed that the generic concept of Halodiplosis and some of the genera synonymized under it should be redefined based on morphological and life-history attributes, such that Halodiplosis is limited to only 13 species developing in plant tissues without obvious gall formation or as inquilines in galls of other cecidomyiids. Revised status were proposed for Asiodiplosis, Onodiplosis, and Desertomyia, all species of which are gall inducers. A detailed morphological study of the Israeli species combined with data on their life history and an analysis of mitochondrial COI and 16S gene sequences revealed nine gall-inducing species belonging to Asiodiplosis and one inquilinous species belonging to Halodiplosis. All ten species (Asiodiplosis admirabilis n.sp., A. bimoda n.sp., A. delicatula n.sp., A. largifica n.sp., A. mohicana n.sp., A. mucronata n.sp., A. paradoxa n.sp., A. pillosaeconspicua n.sp., A. stellata n.sp., and Halodiplosis fugax n.sp.) are described here as new to science, including the first descriptions of larvae and pupae for these genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Netta Dorchin
- School of Zoology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (E.S.); (O.B.)
- The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
| | - Einat Shachar
- School of Zoology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (E.S.); (O.B.)
| | | | - Omri Bronstein
- School of Zoology, The George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel; (E.S.); (O.B.)
- The Steinhardt Museum of Natural History, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel;
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48
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McLellan CF, Scott-Samuel NE, Cuthill IC. Birds learn to avoid aposematic prey by using the appearance of host plants. Curr Biol 2021; 31:5364-5369.e4. [PMID: 34624210 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.09.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The conspicuous warning signal of aposematic animals is learned by their predators, and the resulting avoidance benefits both parties.1-4 Given evidence that birds can distinguish the profitability of prey from the environmental context in which they appear,5 aposematic insects' host plants might also provide an important cue to foraging predators.6 The aposematic cinnabar moth (Tyria jacobaeae) larva is a specialist on its ragwort (Senecio spp.) host plant,7 presenting a consistent environment with which it could be reliably associated. Additionally, ragwort's defensive toxins prevent non-specialist, profitable insects from feeding on it.8 Thus, avian predators may recognize cues from ragwort, most likely its conspicuous yellow flowers,9,10 and use this information to avoid cinnabars. To test this hypothesis, we exposed artificial cinnabar and non-signaling "caterpillar" targets to wild avian predation by presenting them on ragwort and non-toxic host plants. We also manipulated the presence or absence of ragwort flowers on hosts. In doing so, we show that both targets are better protected on the cinnabar's natural ragwort host and that birds use ragwort's distinctive yellow flowers as the cue to avoidance. Additionally, we found that naive predators do not make prey host foraging distinctions, indicating that this avoidance behavior is learned through experience. Our findings are among the first to suggest that a host plant's features act as an extended phenotype that signals the toxicity of the prey that live on it. This prey-host relationship may facilitate the initial evolution of toxicity in non-signaling prey, but also inhibit the evolution of aposematic signals themselves. VIDEO ABSTRACT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Innes C Cuthill
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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49
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Zhang S, Sekerka L, Liao C, Long C, Xu J, Dai X, Guo Q. The First Eight Mitogenomes of Leaf-Mining Dactylispa Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Cassidinae) Shed New Light on Subgenus Relationships. Insects 2021; 12:insects12111005. [PMID: 34821805 PMCID: PMC8624545 DOI: 10.3390/insects12111005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The taxonomic classification of Dactylispa, a large genus of leaf-mining beetles, is problematic because it is currently based on morphology alone. Here, the first eight mitochondrial genomes of Dactylispa species, which were used to construct the first molecular phylogenies of this genus, are reported. The lengths of the eight mitogenomes range from 17,189 bp to 20,363 bp. All of the mitochondrial genomes include 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 transfer RNA genes (tRNAs), 2 ribosomal RNA genes (rRNAs), and 1 A + T-rich region. According to the nonsynonymous/synonymous mutation ratio (Ka/Ks) of all PCGs, the highest and the lowest evolutionary rates were found for atp8 and cox1, respectively, which is a common phenomenon among animals. According to relative synonymous codon usage, UUA(L) has the highest frequency. With two Gonophorini species as the outgroup, mitogenome-based phylogenetic trees of the eight Dactylispa species were constructed using maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) methods based on the PCGs, tRNAs, and rRNAs. Two DNA-based phylogenomic inferences and one protein-based phylogenomic inference support the delimitation of the subgenera Dactylispa s. str. and Platypriella as proposed in the system of Chen et al. (1986). However, the subgenus Triplispa is not recovered as monophyletic. The placement of Triplispa species requires further verification and testing with more species. We also found that both adult body shape and host plant relationship might explain the subgeneric relationships among Dactylispa beetles to a certain degree.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengdi Zhang
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (C.L.); (J.X.)
- National Navel-Orange Engineering Research Center, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Lukáš Sekerka
- Department of Entomology, National Museum, Natural History Museum, 1740 Cirkusová, Czech Republic;
| | - Chengqing Liao
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (C.L.); (J.X.)
- College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Chengpeng Long
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (C.L.); (J.X.)
- National Navel-Orange Engineering Research Center, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Jiasheng Xu
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (C.L.); (J.X.)
- National Navel-Orange Engineering Research Center, Ganzhou 341000, China
| | - Xiaohua Dai
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (C.L.); (J.X.)
- National Navel-Orange Engineering Research Center, Ganzhou 341000, China
- Correspondence: (X.D.); (Q.G.)
| | - Qingyun Guo
- Leafminer Group, School of Life Sciences, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China; (S.Z.); (C.L.); (C.L.); (J.X.)
- National Navel-Orange Engineering Research Center, Ganzhou 341000, China
- Correspondence: (X.D.); (Q.G.)
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50
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Jhou YS, Poovendhan S, Huang LH, Tsai CW. Host Acceptance and Plant Resistance: A Comparative Behavioral Study of Myzus persicae and Acyrthosiphon pisum. Insects 2021; 12:975. [PMID: 34821776 DOI: 10.3390/insects12110975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Aphids are one of the most destructive insect pests worldwide. The green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) feeds on a broad range of plants, whereas the pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) only feeds on legumes. In this study, these two aphid species were used to investigate host acceptance and plant resistance to aphid feeding. Experiments on host plant preference and aphid performance (with regard to survival, development, and fecundity) confirmed that rape (Brassica rapa) is a suitable host and that faba bean (Vicia faba) is a poor host for the green peach aphid; for the pea aphid, faba bean is a suitable host, whereas rape is a nonhost. The probing and feeding behavior of these two aphid species on rape and faba bean was examined, and the results demonstrated the feeding preferences of these two aphid species. The green peach aphid had difficulty ingesting the phloem sap of faba bean. For the nonhost, the pea aphid spent relatively little time on mesophyll probing and did not achieve phloem sap ingestion. Furthermore, the effects of the probing and feeding behavior of specialist and generalist aphids on the spread of plant diseases caused by viruses were discussed. Abstract Aphids are prominent phloem-feeding insect pests. Myzus persicae and Acyrthosiphon pisum are generalist and specialist species, respectively. In this study, these two aphid species were used to investigate host acceptance and plant resistance to aphid feeding. M.persicae survived and reproduced on rape (Brassica rapa), but few individuals (9%) survived on faba bean (Vicia faba). A.pisum survived and reproduced on faba bean, but no A.pisum survived on rape. The probing and feeding behavior of M. persicae and A. pisum on rape and faba bean was examined using an electrical penetration graph (EPG) technique. The results demonstrated the feeding preferences of these two aphid species. The EPG results suggest that the resistance of faba bean to M. persicae and that of rape to A. pisum are likely residing in the phloem and mesophyll tissues, respectively. Due to the distinct probing and feeding behaviors, specialist and generalist aphids would have different impacts on the epidemiology of plant viral diseases. The findings can be applied to the management of viral diseases transmitted by specialist or generalist aphids in crop production.
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