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Feineis D, Bringmann G. Structural variety and pharmacological potential of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2024; 91:1-410. [PMID: 38811064 DOI: 10.1016/bs.alkal.2024.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids are a fascinating class of natural biaryl compounds. They show characteristic mono- and dimeric scaffolds, with chiral axes and stereogenic centers. Since the appearance of the last comprehensive overview on these secondary plant metabolites in this series in 1995, the number of discovered representatives has tremendously increased to more than 280 examples known today. Many novel-type compounds have meanwhile been discovered, among them naphthylisoquinoline-related follow-up products like e.g., the first seco-type (i.e., ring-opened) and ring-contracted analogues. As highlighted in this review, the knowledge on the broad structural chemodiversity of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids has been decisively driven forward by extensive phytochemical studies on the metabolite pattern of Ancistrocladus abbreviatus from Coastal West Africa, which is a particularly "creative" plant. These investigations furnished a considerable number of more than 80-mostly new-natural products from this single species, with promising antiplasmodial activities and with pronounced cytotoxic effects against human leukemia, pancreatic, cervical, and breast cancer cells. Another unique feature of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids is their unprecedented biosynthetic origin from polyketidic precursors and not, as usual for isoquinoline alkaloids, from aromatic amino acids-a striking example of biosynthetic convergence in nature. Furthermore, remarkable botanical results are presented on the natural producers of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, the paleotropical Dioncophyllaceae and Ancistrocladaceae lianas, including first investigations on the chemoecological role of these plant metabolites and their storage and accumulation in particular plant organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Feineis
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Khalid SA, Abd Algaffar S, Tajuddeen N, Lombe BK, Bringmann G. Naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids: novel agents against the causative pathogens of eumycetoma and actinomycetoma- en route to broad-spectrum antimycetomal drugs. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2024; 68:e0161223. [PMID: 38602413 PMCID: PMC11064494 DOI: 10.1128/aac.01612-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Mycetoma is a devastating neglected tropical infection of the subcutaneous tissues. It is caused by fungal and bacterial pathogens recognized as eumycetoma and actinomycetoma, respectively. Mycetoma treatment involves diagnosing the causative microorganism as a prerequisite to prescribing a proper medication. Current therapy of fungal eumycetoma causative agents, such as Madurella mycetomatis, consists of long-term antifungal medication with itraconazole followed by surgery, yet with usually unsatisfactory clinical outcomes. Actinomycetoma, on the contrary, usually responds to treatment with co-trimoxazole and amikacin. Therefore, there is a pressing need to discover novel broad-spectrum antimicrobial agents to circumvent the time-consuming and costly diagnosis. Using the resazurin assay, a series of 23 naphthylisoquinoline (NIQ) alkaloids and related naphthoquinones were subjected to in vitro screening against two fungal strains of M. mycetomatis and three bacterial strains of Actinomadura madurae and A. syzygii. Seven NIQs, mostly dimers, showed promising in vitro activities against at least one strain of the mycetoma-causative pathogens, while the naphthoquinones did not show any activity. A synthetic NIQ dimer, 8,8'''-O,O-dimethylmichellamine A (18), inhibited all tested fungal and bacterial strains (IC50 = 2.81-12.07 µg/mL). One of the dimeric NIQs, michellamine B (14), inhibited a strain of M. mycetomatis and significantly enhanced the survival rate of Galleria mellonella larvae infected with M. mycetomatis at concentrations of 1 and 4 µg/mL, without being toxic to the uninfected larvae. As a result, broad-spectrum dimeric NIQs like 14 and 18 with antimicrobial activity are considered hit compounds that could be worth further optimization to develop novel lead antimycetomal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Ahmed Khalid
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Science and Technology, Omdurman, Sudan
| | | | - Nasir Tajuddeen
- Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Blaise Kimbadi Lombe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Feineis D, Bringmann G. Asian Ancistrocladus Lianas as Creative Producers of Naphthylisoquinoline Alkaloids. PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS 2023; 119:1-335. [PMID: 36587292 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-10457-2_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
This book describes a unique class of secondary metabolites, the mono- and dimeric naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids. They occur in lianas of the paleotropical Ancistrocladaceae and Dioncophyllaceae families, exclusively. Their unprecedented structures include stereogenic centers and rotationally hindered, and thus likewise stereogenic, axes. Extended recent investigations on six Ancistrocladus species from Asia, as reported in this review, shed light on their fascinating phytochemical productivity, with over 100 such intriguing natural products. This high chemodiversity arises from a likewise unique biosynthesis from acetate-malonate units, following a novel polyketidic pathway to plant-derived isoquinoline alkaloids. Some of the compounds show most promising antiparasitic activities. Likewise presented are strategies for the regio- and stereoselective total synthesis of the alkaloids, including the directed construction of the chiral axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doris Feineis
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany.
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De A, Saha N, Manna T, Singh V, Husain SM. Highly Efficient One-Pot Multienzyme Cascades for the Stereoselective Synthesis of Natural Naphthalenones. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arijit De
- Department of Biological and Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow226014, India
| | - Nirmal Saha
- Department of Biological and Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow226014, India
| | - Tanaya Manna
- Department of Biological and Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow226014, India
| | - Vidya Singh
- Department of Biological and Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow226014, India
| | - Syed Masood Husain
- Department of Biological and Synthetic Chemistry, Centre of Biomedical Research, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences Campus, Raebareli Road, Lucknow226014, India
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Tajuddeen N, Bringmann G. N, C-Coupled naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids: a versatile new class of axially chiral natural products. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 38:2154-2186. [PMID: 34212956 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00020a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to April 2021During the past decades, a plethora of natural products with restricted rotation about a biaryl axis have been discovered, among them the naphthylisoquinoline (NIQ) alkaloids, mostly C,C-coupled and having remarkable bioactivities. Within this fascinating class of naturally occurring biaryl compounds, NIQ alkaloids bearing an N,C-heterobiaryl axis have attracted particular attention. They are structurally and biosynthetically unprecedented, with interesting stereochemical implications and biological activities. In contrast to existing articles and reviews about axially chiral - yet C,C-coupled - natural products, this is the first, comprehensive review on the new subclass of N,C-coupled NIQs, their isolation and structural elucidation, their N,C-axial chirality, their biosynthetic origin, their promising antiparasitic and antileukemic activities, and their total synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasir Tajuddeen
- Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Bilonda MK, Mammino L. Computational studies of biologically active alkaloids of plant origin: an overview. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2019-0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Computational studies nowadays constitute a crucial source of information for drug development, because they provide information on many molecular properties and also enable predictions of the properties of not-yet-synthesized compounds. Alkaloids are a vast group of natural products exhibiting a variety of biological activities, many of which are interesting for drug development. On the other hand, computational studies of biologically active alkaloids have so far mostly focused on few particularly relevant or “popular” molecules, such as quinine, caffeine, or cocaine, with only few works on the other molecules. The present work offers an overview of existing computational studies on alkaloid molecules, from the earliest ones to the most recent, and considering all the theoretical approaches with which studies have been performed (both quantum mechanics and molecular dynamics). The considered studies are grouped according to their objectives and outcomes, such as conformational analysis of alkaloid molecules, effects of selected solvents on their properties, docking studies aimed at better understanding of the interactions between alkaloid molecules and biological targets, studies focusing on structure activity relationships, and computational studies performed to confirm experimental results. It is concluded that it would be important that computational studies on many other alkaloid molecules are performed and their results made available, covering their different classes as well as the variety of their biological activities, to attain better understanding of the properties not only of individual molecules, but also of groups of related molecules and of the overall alkaloids family.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireille K. Bilonda
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Venda , Thohoyandou , South Africa
- Faculty of Science, University of Kinshasa , Kinshasa , Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Liliana Mammino
- School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Venda , Thohoyandou , South Africa
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Vasav AP, Pable AA, Barvkar VT. Differential transcriptome and metabolome analysis of Plumbago zeylanica L. reveal putative genes involved in plumbagin biosynthesis. Fitoterapia 2020; 147:104761. [PMID: 33069837 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2020.104761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Plumbagin is a pharmacologically active naphthoquinone present in the Plumbago zeylanica L. having important medicinal properties. The root of P. zeylanica is rich and primary tissue of the plumbagin biosynthesis and accumulation. The complete biosynthetic pathway of plumbagin in plant is still obscure. The present study attempts to understand the plumbagin biosynthetic pathway with the help of differential transcriptome and metabolome analysis of P. zeylanica leaf and root. The transcriptome data showed co-expression of Aldo-keto reductase (PzAKR), Polyketide cyclase (Pzcyclase) and Cytochrome P450 (PzCYPs) transcripts along with the Polyketide synthase (PzPKS) transcripts. Their higher expression in root as compared to leaf supports their possible involvement in plumbagin biosynthesis. The metabolome data of leaf and root revealed naphthalene derivative isoshinanolone that could be potential precursor of plumbagin. Pathway elucidation and transcriptome data of P. zeylanica, will enable and accelerate research on naphthoquinone biosynthesis in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arati P Vasav
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Anupama A Pable
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Vitthal T Barvkar
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
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Tshitenge DT, Bruhn T, Feineis D, Mudogo V, Kaiser M, Brun R, Bringmann G. An Unusually Broad Series of Seven Cyclombandakamines, Bridged Dimeric Naphthylisoquinoline Alkaloids from the Congolese Liana Ancistrocladus ealaensis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:9812. [PMID: 31285489 PMCID: PMC6614417 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46336-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of seven unusual dimeric naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids was isolated from the leaves of the tropical liana Ancistrocladus ealaensis J. Léonard, named cyclombandakamine A (1), 1-epi-cyclombandakamine A (2), and cyclombandakamines A3–7 (3–7). These alkaloids have a chemically thrilling structural array consisting of a twisted dihydrofuran-cyclohexenone-isochromene system. The 1′″-epimer of 4, cyclombandakamine A1 (8), had previously been discovered in an unidentified Ancistrocladus species related to A. ealaensis. Both lianas produce the potential parent precursor, mbandakamine A (9), but only A. ealaensis synthesizes the corresponding cyclized form, along with a broad series of slightly modified analogs. The challenging isolation required, besides multi-dimensional chromatography, the use of a pentafluorophenyl stationary phase. Featuring up to six stereocenters and two types of chiral axes, their structures were elucidated by means of 1D and 2D NMR, HRESIMS, in combination with oxidative chemical degradation experiments as well as chiroptical (electronic circular dichroism spectroscopy) and quantum chemical calculations. Compared to the ‘open-chain’ parent compound 9, these dimers displayed rather moderate antiplasmodial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieudonné Tshitenge Tshitenge
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074, Würzburg, Germany.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, B.P. 212, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Torsten Bruhn
- Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Max-Dohrn-Straße 8-10, D-10589, Berlin, Germany
| | - Doris Feineis
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Virima Mudogo
- Faculty of Sciences, University of Kinshasa, B.P. 202, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Marcel Kaiser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reto Brun
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4002, Basel, Switzerland.,University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074, Würzburg, Germany.
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Ancistrobrevines E-J and related naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids from the West African liana Ancistrocladus abbreviatus with inhibitory activities against Plasmodium falciparum and PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer cells. Fitoterapia 2018; 131:245-259. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Computational study of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids with antimalarial activity from Dioncophyllaceae and Ancistrodaceae in vacuo. Theor Chem Acc 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-016-1843-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Widhalm JR, Rhodes D. Biosynthesis and molecular actions of specialized 1,4-naphthoquinone natural products produced by horticultural plants. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2016; 3:16046. [PMID: 27688890 PMCID: PMC5030760 DOI: 10.1038/hortres.2016.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The 1,4-naphthoquinones (1,4-NQs) are a diverse group of natural products found in every kingdom of life. Plants, including many horticultural species, collectively synthesize hundreds of specialized 1,4-NQs with ecological roles in plant-plant (allelopathy), plant-insect and plant-microbe interactions. Numerous horticultural plants producing 1,4-NQs have also served as sources of traditional medicines for hundreds of years. As a result, horticultural species have been at the forefront of many basic studies conducted to understand the metabolism and function of specialized plant 1,4-NQs. Several 1,4-NQ natural products derived from horticultural plants have also emerged as promising scaffolds for developing new drugs. In this review, the current understanding of the core metabolic pathways leading to plant 1,4-NQs is provided with additional emphasis on downstream natural products originating from horticultural species. An overview on the biochemical mechanisms of action, both from an ecological and pharmacological perspective, of 1,4-NQs derived from horticultural plants is also provided. In addition, future directions for improving basic knowledge about plant 1,4-NQ metabolism are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua R Widhalm
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010, USA
- ()
| | - David Rhodes
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Purdue University, 625 Agriculture Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2010, USA
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Ibrahim SR, Mohamed GA. Naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids potential drug leads. Fitoterapia 2015; 106:194-225. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2015.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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Jadhav S, Phapale P, Thulasiram HV, Bhargava S. Polyketide synthesis in tobacco plants transformed with a Plumbago zeylanica type III hexaketide synthase. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2014; 98:92-100. [PMID: 24355695 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 11/21/2013] [Accepted: 11/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A type III polyketide synthase from Plumbago zeylanica (PzPKS) was cloned and expressed in tobacco plants to study whether the transgenic tobacco plants expressing PzPKS synthesize the pharmacologically important polyketide, plumbagin. High resolution mass spectrometry based metabolite profiling of two transgenic events and wild type tobacco plants was carried out to investigate changes in polyketides, including plumbagin. Ten polyketides, which included six pyrones and four naphthalene derivatives, were identified in PzPKS transgenic plants. While one pyrone, styryl-2-pyranone, was detected in both, wild type and transgenic tobacco plants, three pyrones were expressed only in the leaves of transgenic tobacco plants. The transgenic tobacco plants did not accumulate plumbagin, but showed accumulation of isoshinanolone in the roots, which is postulated to be the reduction product of plumbagin. In addition, leaves of transgenic tobacco plants accumulated 3-methyl-1,8-naphthalenediol, a postulated precursor of plumbagin. The results indicated the requirement of additional Plumbago-specific components in the biosynthetic pathway of this polyketide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Jadhav
- Botany Department, University of Pune, Pune 411007, India.
| | - Prasad Phapale
- Chemical Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India.
| | - Hirekodathakallu V Thulasiram
- Chemical Biology Unit, Division of Organic Chemistry, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India.
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Hook I, Mills C, Sheridan H. Bioactive Naphthoquinones from Higher Plants. STUDIES IN NATURAL PRODUCTS CHEMISTRY 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-444-63294-4.00005-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Bringmann G, Zhang G, Olschläger T, Stich A, Wu J, Chatterjee M, Brun R. Highly selective antiplasmodial naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids from Ancistrocladus tectorius. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2013; 91:220-8. [PMID: 22459968 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, named ancistectorine A1, N-methylancistectorine A1, ancistectorine A2, 5-epi-ancistectorine A2, ancistectorine A3, ancistectorine B1, and ancistectorine C1, have been isolated from twigs of the Chinese plant Ancistrocladus tectorius. The structural elucidation succeeded by chemical, spectroscopic, and chiroptical methods. Three of these compounds exhibited excellent, and specific, antiplasmodial activities, comparable with that of the as yet most active representative, dioncophylline C. Moreover, the antitumoral activities of two of the main alkaloids in this species was tested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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Bringmann G, Zhang G, Büttner T, Bauckmann G, Kupfer T, Braunschweig H, Brun R, Mudogo V. Jozimine A2: The First Dimeric Dioncophyllaceae-Type Naphthylisoquinoline Alkaloid, with Three Chiral Axes and High Antiplasmodial Activity. Chemistry 2012; 19:916-23. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201202755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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17
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Bringmann G, Zhang G, Hager A, Moos M, Irmer A, Bargou R, Chatterjee M. Anti-tumoral activities of dioncoquinones B and C and related naphthoquinones gained from total synthesis or isolation from plants. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:5778-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2011] [Revised: 09/08/2011] [Accepted: 09/08/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Raj G, Kurup R, Hussain AA, Baby S. Distribution of naphthoquinones, plumbagin, droserone, and 5-O-methyl droserone in chitin-induced and uninduced Nepenthes khasiana: molecular events in prey capture. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2011; 62:5429-36. [PMID: 21862483 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/err219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Prey capture and digestion in Nepenthes spp. through their leaf-evolved biological traps involve a sequence of exciting events. Sugar-rich nectar, aroma chemicals, narcotic alkaloid secretions, slippery wax crystals, and other biochemicals take part in attracting, capturing, and digesting preys in Nepenthes pitchers. Here we report the distribution of three potent naphthoquinones in Nepenthes khasiana and their roles in prey capture. Plumbagin was first detected in N. khasiana, and its content (root: 1.33 ± 0.02%, dry wt.) was the highest found in any natural source. Chitin induction enhanced plumbagin levels in N. khasiana (root: 2.17 ± 0.02%, dry wt.). Potted N. khasiana plants with limited growth of roots and aerial parts, showed higher levels of plumbagin accumulation (root: 1.92 ± 0.02%; root, chitin induction: 3.30 ± 0.21%, dry wt.) compared with field plants. Plumbagin, a known toxin, insect ecdysis inhibitor, and antimicrobial, was also found embedded in the waxy layers at the top prey capture region of N. khasiana pitchers. Chitin induction, mimicking prey capture, produced droserone and 5-O-methyl droserone in N. khasiana pitcher fluid. Both these naphthoquinone derivatives provide antimicrobial protection to the pitcher fluid from visiting preys. A two-way barrier was found between plumbagin and its two derivatives. Plumbagin was never detected in the pitcher fluid whereas both its derivatives were only found in the pitcher fluid on chitin induction or prey capture. The three naphthoquinones, plumbagin, droserone, and 5-O-methyl droserone, act as molecular triggers in prey capture and digestion in the carnivorous plant, N. khasiana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gopan Raj
- Phytochemistry and Phytopharmacology Division, Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Pacha-Palode, Thiruvananthapuram 695 562, Kerala, India
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Aly AA, Ishak EA, Alsharari MA, Al-Muaikel NS, Bedair TMI. Aminonaphthoquinones in heterocyclization. J Heterocycl Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Bringmann G, Gulder T, Gulder TAM, Breuning M. Atroposelective Total Synthesis of Axially Chiral Biaryl Natural Products. Chem Rev 2010; 111:563-639. [DOI: 10.1021/cr100155e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 909] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Gulder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias A. M. Gulder
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Breuning
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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Oliveira AB, Dolabela MF, Braga FC, Jácome RLRP, Varotti FP, Póvoa MM. Plant-derived antimalarial agents: new leads and efficient phythomedicines. Part I. Alkaloids. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2010; 81:715-40. [PMID: 19893898 DOI: 10.1590/s0001-37652009000400011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2009] [Accepted: 07/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria remains one of the most serious world health problem and the major cause of mortality and morbidity in the endemic regions. Brazil is among the 30 high-burden countries and most of the cases occur in the Legal Amazonian Region. New chemotherapeutical agents are needed for the treatment of malaria. Many plant species are used in traditional medicines of malarious countries and a relatively few number of these have been investigated for evaluation of their antimalarial effect. Still lower is the number of those that have had the active natural compounds isolated and the toxicity determined. This area is, then, of great research interest. discovery project of antimalarial natural products from plants traditionally used to treat malaria must include in vitro and in vivo assays as well as bioguided isolation of active compounds. The final products would be antimalarial chemical entities, potential new drugs or templates for new drugs development, and/or standardized antimalarial extracts which are required for pre-clinical and clinical studies when the aim is the development of effective and safe phythomedicines. This review discusses these two approaches, presents briefly the screening methodologies for evaluation of antimalarial activity and focuses the activity of alkaloids belonging to different structural classes as well as its importance as new antimalarial drugs or leads and chemical markers for phytomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alaíde B Oliveira
- Departamento de Produtos Farmacêuticos, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
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Eilenberg H, Pnini-Cohen S, Rahamim Y, Sionov E, Segal E, Carmeli S, Zilberstein A. Induced production of antifungal naphthoquinones in the pitchers of the carnivorous plant Nepenthes khasiana. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2010; 61:911-22. [PMID: 20018905 PMCID: PMC2814117 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erp359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Nepenthes spp. are carnivorous plants that have developed insect capturing traps, evolved by specific modification of the leaf tips, and are able to utilize insect degradation products as nutritional precursors. A chitin-induced antifungal ability, based on the production and secretion to the trap liquid of droserone and 5-O-methyldroserone, is described here. Such specific secretion uniquely occurred when chitin injection was used as the eliciting agent and probably reflects a certain kind of defence mechanism that has been evolved for protecting the carnivory-based provision of nutritional precursors. The pitcher liquid containing droserone and 5-O-methyldroserone at 3:1 or 4:1 molar ratio, as well as the purified naphthoquinones, exerted an antifungal effect on a wide range of plant and human fungal pathogens. When tested against Candida and Aspergillus spp., the concentrations required for achieving inhibitory and fungicidal effects were significantly lower than those causing cytotoxicity in cells of the human embryonic kidney cell line, 293T. These naturally secreted 1,4-naphthoquinone derivatives, that are assumed to act via semiquinone enhancement of free radical production, may offer a new lead to develop alternative antifungal drugs with reduced selectable pressure for potentially evolved resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haviva Eilenberg
- Department of Plant Sciences, The George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Smadar Pnini-Cohen
- Department of Plant Sciences, The George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Yocheved Rahamim
- School of Chemistry, The Raymond & Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Edward Sionov
- Department of Human Microbiology, The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Esther Segal
- Department of Human Microbiology, The Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Shmuel Carmeli
- School of Chemistry, The Raymond & Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Aviah Zilberstein
- Department of Plant Sciences, The George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: E-mail:
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Bringmann G, Irmer A, Feineis D, Gulder TAM, Fiedler HP. Convergence in the biosynthesis of acetogenic natural products from plants, fungi, and bacteria. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2009; 70:1776-1786. [PMID: 19786287 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2009.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2009] [Revised: 08/05/2009] [Accepted: 08/21/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This review deals with polyketides to which nature has developed different biosynthetic pathways in the course of evolution. The anthraquinone chrysophanol is the first example of an acetogenic natural product that is, in an organism-specific manner, formed via more than one polyketide folding mode: In eukaryotes, like e.g., in fungi, in higher plants, and in insects, it is synthesized via folding mode F, while in prokaryotes it originates through mode S. It has, more recently, even been found to be synthesized by a third pathway, named mode S'. Thus, chrysophanol is the first polyketide synthase product that originates through a divergent-convergent biosynthesis (depending on the respective producing organisms). A second example of a striking biosynthetic convergence is the isoquinoline alkaloids. While all as yet investigated representatives of this large family of plant-derived metabolites (more than 2500 known representatives!) are formed from aromatic amino acids, the biosynthetic origin of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids like dioncophylline A is unprecedented in following a route to isoquinolines in plants: we have shown that such naphthylisoquinolines represent the as yet only known polyketidic di- and tetrahydroisoquinolines, originating from acetate and malonate units, exclusively. Both molecular halves, the isoquinoline part and the naphthalene portion, are even synthesized from a joint polyketide precursor, the first proven case of the F-type folding mode in higher plants. The biosynthetic origins of the natural products presented in this paper were elucidated by feeding (13)C(2)-labeled acetate (or advanced precursors) to the respective producing organisms, with subsequent NMR analysis of their (13)C(2) incorporation patterns using the potent cryoprobe methodology, thus making the full polyketide folding pattern visible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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24
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Jindaprasert A, Springob K, Schmidt J, De-Eknamkul W, Kutchan TM. Pyrone polyketides synthesized by a type III polyketide synthase from Drosophyllum lusitanicum. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2008; 69:3043-53. [PMID: 18466932 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2007] [Revised: 02/11/2008] [Accepted: 03/11/2008] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
To isolate cDNAs involved in the biosynthesis of acetate-derived naphthoquinones in Drosophyllum lusitanicum, an expressed sequence tag analysis was performed. RNA from callus cultures was used to create a cDNA library from which 2004 expressed sequence tags were generated. One cDNA with similarity to known type III polyketide synthases was isolated as full-length sequence and termed DluHKS. The translated polypeptide sequence of DluHKS showed 51-67% identity with other plant type III PKSs. Recombinant DluHKS expressed in Escherichia coli accepted acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) as starter and carried out sequential decarboxylative condensations with malonyl-CoA yielding alpha-pyrones from three to six acetate units. However, naphthalenes, the expected products, were not isolated. Since the main compound produced by DluHKS is a hexaketide alpha-pyrone, and the naphthoquinones in D. lusitanicum are composed of six acetate units, we propose that the enzyme provides the backbone of these secondary metabolites. An involvement of accessory proteins in this biosynthetic pathway is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aphacha Jindaprasert
- Faculty of Agroindustry, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok 10520, Thailand
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Bringmann G, Rüdenauer S, Irmer A, Bruhn T, Brun R, Heimberger T, Stühmer T, Bargou R, Chatterjee M. Antitumoral and antileishmanial dioncoquinones and ancistroquinones from cell cultures of Triphyophyllum peltatum (Dioncophyllaceae) and Ancistrocladus abbreviatus (Ancistrocladaceae). PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2008; 69:2501-2509. [PMID: 18723197 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2008.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2008] [Revised: 06/18/2008] [Accepted: 06/20/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
From the methanolic extracts of solid callus cultures from two species of the closely related palaeotropical plant families Dioncophyllaceae and Ancistrocladaceae seven new natural naphthoquinones were isolated, dioncoquinones A (4) and B (5) from Triphyophyllum peltatum, and ancistroquinones B (6), C (7), D (9), E (10), and F (12) from Ancistrocladus abbreviatus. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic, chemical, and computational methods. Furthermore, the already known naphthoquinones plumbagin (2), droserone (3), malvone A (8), and nepenthone A (11) were found in the extract of A. abbreviatus. Dioncoquinones A (4) and B (5) showed good - and specific - activity against Leishmania major, while they were not active against other protozoic parasites. Moreover, treatment with 4 and 5 strongly induced apoptosis in human tumor cells derived from two different B cell malignancies, B cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma, without any significant toxicity towards normal peripheral mononuclear blood cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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26
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Bringmann G, Rüdenauer S, Bruhn T, Benson L, Brun R. Total synthesis of the antimalarial naphthylisoquinoline alkaloid 5-epi-4′-O-demethylancistrobertsonine C by asymmetric Suzuki cross-coupling. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Bringmann G, Gampe CM, Reichert Y, Bruhn T, Faber JH, Mikyna M, Reichert M, Leippe M, Brun R, Gelhaus C. Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Fluorescent and Photoactivatable Analogues of Antiplasmodial Naphthylisoquinolines. J Med Chem 2007; 50:6104-15. [DOI: 10.1021/jm061464w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany, and Swiss Tropical Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christian M. Gampe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany, and Swiss Tropical Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yanina Reichert
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany, and Swiss Tropical Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Torsten Bruhn
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany, and Swiss Tropical Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Johan H. Faber
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany, and Swiss Tropical Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Martin Mikyna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany, and Swiss Tropical Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Reichert
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany, and Swiss Tropical Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Leippe
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany, and Swiss Tropical Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Reto Brun
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany, and Swiss Tropical Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Gelhaus
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany, Zoological Institute, University of Kiel, Olshausenstrasse 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany, and Swiss Tropical Institute, Socinstrasse 57, CH-4051 Basel, Switzerland
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Bringmann G, Noll TF, Gulder T, Dreyer M, Grüne M, Moskau D. Polyketide Folding in Higher Plants: Biosynthesis of the Phenylanthraquinone Knipholone. J Org Chem 2007; 72:3247-52. [PMID: 17388630 DOI: 10.1021/jo062566x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The biosynthesis of knipholone, as an axially chiral phenylanthraquinone, in higher plants was examined by feeding experiments with [13C2]-labeled precursors. [13C2]-Acetate and advanced synthetic intermediates were fed to sterile cultures of Kniphofia pumila (Asphodelaceae), with subsequent NMR analysis on the isolated natural product involving 2D INADEQUATE and SELINQUATE experiments. Due to its uneven number of carbon atoms, and because of its uncertain decarboxylation site, the "northern" part of the molecule (i.e., the chrysophanol portion) might originate from four different cyclization modes. According to the labeling pattern of the product isolated after incorporation, this anthraquinone part of knipholone is formed by the so-called F folding mode (originally established for fungi). The acetophenone part of the molecule, which does not undergo a decarboxylation reaction, originates from four acetate units. The surprising lack of randomization of the intact [13C2] units in this "southern" part reveals the absence of a free symmetric intermediate as initially anticipated. This is in agreement with the intact incorporation of the "authentic" southern molecular portion, 4,6-dihydroxy-2-methoxyacetophenone, while the corresponding symmetrical candidate trihydroxyacetophenone was clearly not incorporated, showing that the O-methylation of the freshly cyclized tetraketide is the step that prevents symmetrization of the acetophenone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Biosynthesis of naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids: synthesis and incorporation of an advanced 13C2-labeled isoquinoline precursor. Tetrahedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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30
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Bringmann G, Kajahn I, Reichert M, Pedersen SEH, Faber JH, Gulder T, Brun R, Christensen SB, Ponte-Sucre A, Moll H, Heubl G, Mudogo V. Ancistrocladinium A and B, the First N,C-Coupled Naphthyldihydroisoquinoline Alkaloids, from a Congolese Ancistrocladus Species. J Org Chem 2006; 71:9348-56. [PMID: 17137361 DOI: 10.1021/jo061626w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The isolation and structural elucidation of three novel-type naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, ancistrocladinium A and B (the latter along with its atropisomer), from a Congolese Ancistrocladus species collected in the habitat Yeteto is reported. Their structures, including all stereochemical features, were elucidated by spectroscopic, chemical, and chiroptical methods. Ancistrocladinium A and B are the first N,C-coupled naphthyldihydroisoquinoline alkaloids found in nature, i.e., with an iminium-aryl axis. Although ancistrocladinium A, which is N,8'-coupled, is configurationally stable at this axis, ancistrocladinum B and its rotational isomer are based on a hitherto unprecedented N,6'-coupling type, with a slow rotation about the hetero biaryl axis at room temperature; they thus occur as a 46:54 mixture of two configurationally semistable atropo-diastereomers. For the isomerization of (P)-ancistrocladinium B to its (M)-diastereomer and for the opposite direction, the Gibbs free energies of activation were determined to be DeltaG double dagger1 = 105.8 kJ mol-1 and DeltaG double dagger2 = 105.7 kJ mol-1, respectively. In addition, the compounds were shown to have promising antileishmanial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Hashmi ASK, Salathé R, Frey W. Gold Catalysis: No Steric Limitations in the Phenol Synthesis. Chemistry 2006; 12:6991-6. [PMID: 16823790 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Different dihydroisoindol-4-ols and 8-hydroxytetrahydroisoquinolines were prepared by the gold-catalyzed phenol synthesis. The reaction was investigated with several sterically demanding groups in the 5-position of the furan starting material. The influence of the reaction time and the catalyst on the yield was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Stephen K Hashmi
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Bringmann G, Gulder T, Reichert M, Meyer F. Ancisheynine, the First N,C-Coupled Naphthylisoquinoline Alkaloid: Total Synthesis and Stereochemical Analysis. Org Lett 2006; 8:1037-40. [PMID: 16524262 DOI: 10.1021/ol052946p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] The first total synthesis of an N,C-coupled naphthylisoquinoline alkaloid-ancisheynine-was achieved by condensing a monocyclic diketone or the respective benzopyrylium salt with an aminonaphthalene. The presence of a rotationally hindered axis in ancisheynine was demonstrated by resolution of its two atropo-enantiomers by HPLC on a chiral phase with LC-CD coupling. The assignment of their axial configurations succeeded by quantum chemical CD calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Bringmann G, Dreyer M, Kopff H, Rischer H, Wohlfarth M, Hadi HA, Brun R, Meimberg H, Heubl G. ent-Dioncophylleine A and related dehydrogenated naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, the first Asian dioncophyllaceae-type alkaloids, from the "new"plant species Ancistrocladus benomensis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2005; 68:686-90. [PMID: 15921410 DOI: 10.1021/np049626j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Three new fully dehydrogenated naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, the 7,1'-coupled ent-dioncophylleine A (3a), the likewise 7,1'-coupled 5'-O-demethyl-ent-dioncophylleine A (4), and the 7,8'-linked dioncophylleine D (5), have been isolated from the leaves of the recently described Malaysian highland liana Ancistrocladusbenomensis. All of them lack an oxygen function at C-6; this so-called Dioncophyllaceae-type structural subclass had previously been found only in naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids from West and Central African plants. Moreover, compounds 3a and 4 are the first fully dehydrogenated, i.e., only axially chiral, naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids of this type that are optically active; compound 5, by contrast, is fully racemic, due to its configurationally unstable biaryl axis. The structural elucidation was achieved by spectroscopic and chiroptical methods. Biological activities of these alkaloids against different protozoan parasites are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Bringmann G, Dreyer M, Faber JH, Dalsgaard PW, Staerk D, Jaroszewski JW, Ndangalasi H, Mbago F, Brun R, Christensen SB. Ancistrotanzanine C and related 5,1'- and 7,3'-coupled naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids from Ancistrocladus tanzaniensis. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2004; 67:743-748. [PMID: 15165131 DOI: 10.1021/np0340549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Three new naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids, the 7,3'-coupled ancistrotanzanine C (6), the 5,1'-coupled O-methylancistrocladinine (7), and the likewise 5,1'-coupled O,N-dimethylancistrocladine (8, previously known only as a partial-synthetic compound), have been isolated from the highland liana Ancistrocladus tanzaniensis, along with the two known 7,3'-coupled naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids ancistrocladidine (4) and ancistrotectorine (5). All of the compounds are S-configured at C-3 and bear an oxygen at C-6, and thus belong to the so-called Ancistrocladaceae type, similar to 1-3 previously isolated from this newly discovered plant species. The structural elucidation was achieved by chemical, spectroscopic, and chiroptical methods. The biological activities of the alkaloids against the pathogens causing malaria tropica, leishmaniasis, Chagas' disease, and African sleeping sickness were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Bringmann G, Hamm A, Schraut M. Atroposelective biaryl coupling with chiral catalysts: total synthesis of the antileishmanial naphthylisoquinoline alkaloids ancistrotanzanine B and ancistroealaine A. Org Lett 2003; 5:2805-8. [PMID: 12889879 DOI: 10.1021/ol0347693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] The first total synthesis of the naphthylisoquinoline alkaloid ancistrotanzanine B and its atropo-diastereomer, ancistroealaine A, is described. The key step is the construction of the rotationally hindered and thus stereogenic biaryl axis by Suzuki coupling. While only weak internal asymmetric inductions by the stereogenic center in the dihydroisoquinoline part were observed, much better atropisomeric ratios in favor of ancistrotanzanine B were achieved by the use of chiral catalysts. Both alkaloids, in particular ancistrotanzanine B, show high antileishmanial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Bringmann G, Saeb W, Rückert M, Mies J, Michel M, Mudogo V, Brun R. Ancistrolikokine D, a 5,8'-coupled naphthylisoquinoline alkaloid, and related natural products from Ancistrocladus likoko. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2003; 62:631-636. [PMID: 12560038 DOI: 10.1016/s0031-9422(02)00570-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A new naphthylisoquinoline alkaloid, ancistrolikokine D, and the likewise 5,8'-coupled alkaloid ancistroealaine A, as well as two further, biosynthetically related, but nitrogen-free natural products, ancistronaphthoic acid B and cis-isoshinanolone, have been isolated from Ancistrocladus likoko J. LEACUTE;ONARD (Ancistrocladaceae). The 5,8'-coupling of the new alkaloids and of the alkaloids isolated earlier hints at a close phylogenetic relationship of A. likoko to other Central African Ancistrocladus species. The compounds show moderate activities against Leishmania donovani, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Bringmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie der Universität, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
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Bringmann G, Lang G. Full absolute stereostructures of natural products directly from crude extracts: The HPLC-MS/ MS-NMR-CD 'triad'. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR AND SUBCELLULAR BIOLOGY 2003; 37:89-116. [PMID: 15825641 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-55519-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
This chapter deals with an efficient methodology available in our Center of Excellence, BIOTECmarin: the novel analytical 'triad' HPLC-MS/MS-NMR-CD. By this method, which was, in this complemented form, first introduced into phytochemical research by our group, we can not only rapidly identify known structures, but can also investigate new metabolites and establish their full absolute stereostructures online, directly from crude extracts, without the necessity of first isolating the compounds. The LC-CD option, which we have been using for the first time in natural products analysis, becomes even more valuable by the possibility of interpreting the online CD spectra by their simulation or prediction through quantum chemical calculation, thus avoiding the usual, often risky, empirical comparison with the CD spectra of (sometimes not so related) compounds of known absolute stereostructure or the application of (sometimes not really applicable) likewise empirical CD rules. The hyphenated analytical methods are additionally complemented by our synthetic expertise, again involving new concepts and strategies developed in our group. The methods and their application will first be explained and exemplified for plant-derived ('terrestrial') natural products, for which they were initially developed, and will then be applied to the online structural elucidation of novel natural products from marine organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Bringmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
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