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Wang C, Yap ZY, Wan P, Chen K, Folk RA, Damrel DZ, Barger W, Diamond A, Horn C, Landry GP, Samarakoon T, Harvey S, Morgan DR, Qiu Y, Li P. Molecular phylogeography and historical demography of a widespread herbaceous species from eastern North America, Podophyllum peltatum. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2023; 110:e16254. [PMID: 37938809 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE Glacial/interglacial cycles and topographic complexity are both considered to have shaped today's diverse phylogeographic patterns of taxa from unglaciated eastern North America (ENA). However, few studies have focused on the phylogeography and population dynamics of wide-ranging ENA herbaceous species occurring in forest understory habitat. We examined the phylogeographic pattern and evolutionary history of Podophyllum peltatum L., a widely distributed herb inhabiting deciduous forests of ENA. METHODS Using chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) sequences and nuclear microsatellite loci, we investigated the population structure and genetic diversity of the species. Molecular dating, demographic history analyses, and ecological niche modeling were also performed to illustrate the phylogeographic patterns. RESULTS Our cpDNA results identified three main groups that are largely congruent with boundaries along the Appalachian Mountains and the Mississippi River, two major geographic barriers in ENA. Populations located to the east of the Appalachians and along the central Appalachians exhibited relatively higher levels of genetic diversity. Extant lineages may have diverged during the late Miocene, and range expansions of different groups may have happened during the Pleistocene glacial/interglacial cycles. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that geographic barriers may have started to facilitate the population divergence in P. peltatum before the Pleistocene. Persistence in multiple refugia, including areas around the central Appalachians during the Quaternary glacial period, and subsequent expansions under hospitable climatic condition, especially westward expansion, are likely responsible for the species' contemporary genetic structure and phylogeographic pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Wang
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity group, MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Zhao-Yan Yap
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity group, MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Penglei Wan
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity group, MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Kuangqi Chen
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity group, MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Ryan A Folk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Starkville, Mississippi, 39762, USA
| | - Dixie Z Damrel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina, 29634-0314, USA
| | - Wayne Barger
- Department of Conservation and Natural Resources, State Lands Division, Natural Heritage Section, Montgomery, Alabama, 36130, USA
| | - Alvin Diamond
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Troy University, Troy, Alabama, 36082, USA
| | - Charles Horn
- Department of Sciences and Mathematics, Newberry College, Newberry, South Carolina, 29108, USA
| | | | | | - Stephanie Harvey
- Department of Biology, Georgia Southwestern State University, Americus, Georgia, 31709-4376, USA
| | - David R Morgan
- Department of Natural Sciences, University of West Georgia, Carrollton, Georgia, 30118-2220, USA
| | - Yingxiong Qiu
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity group, MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- Plant Biodiversity Research Centre, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074, China
| | - Pan Li
- Systematic & Evolutionary Botany and Biodiversity group, MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
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Rogalski JM, Berkenbrock IS, Vieira NK, Reis A. Demographic structure of clonal, endemic, and endangered rheophyte bromeliad Dyckia ibiramensis: asexual vs sexual reproduction. RODRIGUÉSIA 2021. [DOI: 10.1590/2175-7860202172116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract In southern Brazil some species of Dyckia genus occur as rheophytes. Dyckia ibiramensis is an endemic bromeliad that occurs in discrete patches of the rocky banks along Itajaí do Norte River, Santa Catarina state. Four populations along Itajaí do Norte River were studied. In each population, all rosettes were counted and the diameter of each rosette was measured. The spatial distribution of the rosettes was identified as an isolated rosette or a clump. The clumps were classified according to the number of rosettes. The total number of rosettes per population ranged from 295 to 1,412. Most rosettes occur in clumps (98.1%), and 41% have reproductive rosettes. The number of rosettes per clump ranged from two to 43 rosettes. The percentage of reproductive rosettes per population ranged from 7.8 to 26.7%. The correlation between the number of clumps or between the total number of rosettes and the area of occupation was significant and positive. Few seedlings and isolated rosettes, production of offshoots occurred on both immature, and reproductive rosettes, and clumps with few rosettes can indicate the clonal propagation predominate in D. ibiramensis. Therefore, the maintenance and monitoring of the populations are essential for its long-term in situ conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ademir Reis
- Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Radosavljević I, Antonić O, Hruševar D, Križan J, Satovic Z, Turković D, Liber Z. The Influence of a Seedling Recruitment Strategy and a Clonal Architecture on a Spatial Genetic Structure of a Salvia brachyodon (Lamiaceae) Population. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9070828. [PMID: 32630143 PMCID: PMC7412074 DOI: 10.3390/plants9070828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
By performing a high-resolution spatial-genetic analysis of a partially clonal Salvia brachyodon population, we elucidated its clonal architecture and seedling recruitment strategy. The sampling of the entire population was based on a 1 × 1 m grid and each sampled individual was genotyped. Population-genetic statistics were combined with geospatial analyses. On the population level, the presence of both sexual and clonal reproduction and repeated seedling recruitment as the prevailing strategy of new genets establishment were confirmed. On the patch level, a phalanx clonal architecture was detected. A significant negative correlation between patches' sizes and genotypic richness was observed as young plants were not identified within existing patches of large genets but almost exclusively in surrounding areas. The erosion of the genetic variability of older patches is likely caused by the inter-genet competition and resulting selection or by a random die-off of individual genets accompanied by the absence of new seedlings establishment. This study contributes to our understanding of how clonal architecture and seedling recruitment strategies can shape the spatial-genetic structure of a partially clonal population and lays the foundation for the future research of the influence of the population's clonal organization on its sexual reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Radosavljević
- Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.H.); (D.T.); (Z.L.)
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +385-99-8353-230
| | - Oleg Antonić
- Subdepartment of Quantitative Ecology, Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, HR 31000 Osijek, Croatia;
| | - Dario Hruševar
- Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.H.); (D.T.); (Z.L.)
| | | | - Zlatko Satovic
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Zagreb, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Doroteja Turković
- Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.H.); (D.T.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zlatko Liber
- Division of Botany, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia; (D.H.); (D.T.); (Z.L.)
- Centre of Excellence for Biodiversity and Molecular Plant Breeding, HR 10000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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Hu AQ, Gale SW, Kumar P, Saunders RMK, Sun M, Fischer GA. Preponderance of clonality triggers loss of sex in Bulbophyllum bicolor, an obligately outcrossing epiphytic orchid. Mol Ecol 2017; 26:3358-3372. [PMID: 28390097 DOI: 10.1111/mec.14139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Vegetative propagation (clonal growth) conveys several evolutionary advantages that positively affect life history fitness and is a widespread phenomenon among angiosperms that also reproduce sexually. However, a bias towards clonality can interfere with sexual reproduction and lead to sexual extinction, although a dearth of effective genetic tools and mathematical models for clonal plants has hampered assessment of these impacts. Using the endangered tropical epiphytic or lithophytic orchid Bulbophyllum bicolor as a model, we integrated an examination of breeding system with 12 microsatellite loci and models valid for clonal species to test for the "loss of sex" and infer likely consequences for long-term reproductive dynamics. Bagging experiments and field observations revealed B. bicolor to be self-incompatible and pollinator-dependent, with an absence of fruit-set over 4 years. Challenging the assumptions that clonal populations can be as genotypically diverse as sexually reproducing ones and that clonality does not greatly influence genetic structure, just 22 multilocus genotypes were confirmed among all 15 extant natural populations, 12 of the populations were found to be monoclonal, and all three multiclonal ones exhibited a distinct phalanx clonal architecture. Our results suggest that all B. bicolor populations depend overwhelmingly on clonal growth for persistence, with a concomitant loss of sex due to an absence of pollinators and a lack of mating opportunities at virtually all sites, both of which are further entrenched by habitat fragmentation. Such cryptic life history impacts, potentially contributing to extinction debt, could be widespread among similarly fragmented, outcrossing tropical epiphytes, demanding urgent conservation attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Qun Hu
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Kadoorie Farm & Botanic Garden, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Pankaj Kumar
- Kadoorie Farm & Botanic Garden, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Mei Sun
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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Persistence of the gypsophile Lepidospartum burgessii (Asteraceae) through clonal growth and limited gene flow. CONSERV GENET 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-016-0855-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Gentili R, Bacchetta G, Fenu G, Cogoni D, Abeli T, Rossi G, Salvatore MC, Baroni C, Citterio S. From cold to warm-stage refugia for boreo-alpine plants in southern European and Mediterranean mountains: the last chance to survive or an opportunity for speciation? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/14888386.2015.1116407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Dering M, Chybicki IJ, Rączka G. Clonality as a driver of spatial genetic structure in populations of clonal tree species. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2015; 128:731-745. [PMID: 26153428 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-015-0742-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Random genetic drift, natural selection and restricted gene dispersal are basic factors of the spatial genetic structure (SGS) in plant populations. Clonal reproduction has a profound effect on population dynamics and genetic structure and thus emerges as a potential factor in contributing to and modelling SGS. In order to assess the impact of clonality on SGS we studied clonal structure and SGS in the population of Populus alba. Six hundred and seventy-two individuals were mapped and genotyped with 16 nuclear microsatellite markers. To answer the more general question regarding the relationship between SGS and clonality we used Sp statistics, which allows for comparisons of the extent of SGS among different studies, and the comparison of published data on SGS in clonal and non-clonal tree species. Sp statistic was extracted for 14 clonal and 27 non-clonal species belonging to 7 and 18 botanical families, respectively. Results of genetic investigations conducted in the population of P. alba showed over-domination of clonal reproduction, which resulted in very low clonal diversity (R = 0.12). Significant SGS was found at both ramet (Sp = 0.095) and genet level (Sp = 0.05) and clonal reproduction was indicated as an important but not sole driving factor of SGS. Within-population structure, probably due to family structure also contributed to high SGS. High mean dominance index (D = 0.82) indicated low intermingling among genets. Literature survey revealed that clonal tree species significantly differ from non-clonal species with respect to SGS, having 2.8-fold higher SGS. This led us to conclude that clonality is a life-history trait that can have deep impact on processes acting in populations of clonal tree species leading to significant SGS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Dering
- Laboratory of Systematics and Geography, Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035, Kórnik, Poland,
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Chung MY, Lopez-Pujol J, Chung JM, Kim KJ, Chung MG. Contrasting Levels of Clonal and Within-Population Genetic Diversity between the 2 Ecologically Different Herbs Polygonatum stenophyllum and Polygonatum inflatum (Liliaceae). J Hered 2014; 105:690-701. [DOI: 10.1093/jhered/esu048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Chen Y, Yang X, Yang Q, Li D, Long W, Luo W. Factors affecting the distribution pattern of wild plants with extremely small populations in Hainan Island, China. PLoS One 2014; 9:e97751. [PMID: 24830683 PMCID: PMC4022659 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0097751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding which factors affect the distribution pattern of extremely small populations is essential to the protection and propagation of rare and endangered plant species. In this study, we established 108 plots covering the entire Hainan Island, and measured the appearance frequency and species richness of plant species with extremely small populations, as well as the ecological environments and human disturbances during 2012–2013. We explored how the ecological environments and human activities affected the distribution pattern of these extremely small populations. Results showed that the extremely small populations underwent human disturbances and threats, and they were often found in fragmental habitats. The leading factors changing the appearance frequency of extremely small populations differed among plant species, and the direct factors making them susceptible to extinction were human disturbances. The peak richness of extremely small populations always occurred at the medium level across environmental gradients, and their species richness always decreased with increasing human disturbances. However, the appearance frequencies of three orchid species increased with the increasing human disturbances. Our study thus indicate that knowledge on how the external factors, such as the ecological environment, land use type, roads, human activity, etc., affect the distribution of the extremely small populations should be taken for the better protecting them in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Development Utilization of Tropical Crop Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscapes, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Development Utilization of Tropical Crop Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscapes, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
- * E-mail:
| | - Qi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Development Utilization of Tropical Crop Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscapes, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Donghai Li
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Development Utilization of Tropical Crop Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscapes, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Wenxing Long
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Development Utilization of Tropical Crop Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscapes, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
| | - Wenqi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Protection and Development Utilization of Tropical Crop Germplasm Resources, Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Landscapes, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, Hainan, China
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