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Gómez R, Neri-Bazán RM, Posadas-Mondragon A, Vizcaíno-Dorado PA, Magaña JJ, Aguilar-Faisal JL. Molecular Assessments, Statistical Effectiveness Parameters and Genetic Structure of Captive Populations of Tursiops truncatus Using 15 STRs. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12141857. [PMID: 35883404 PMCID: PMC9312175 DOI: 10.3390/ani12141857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The bottlenose dolphins are one of the most used species in entertainment, assisted therapy, education, and research on welfare. However, their maintenance in captivity requires powerful and sensitive tools for preserving their diversity. The number of genetic markers for this purpose remains controversial, restraining the marine species’ genetic diversity determination. We aimed to select 15 hypervariable molecular markers whose statistical parameters were made in 210 captive dolphins from 18 Mexican centers to support their usefulness. The proposed set of markers allowed us to obtain a genetic fingerprint of each dolphin. Additionally, we identified the structure of the captive population, analyzing the groups according to the capture location. Such characterization is key for maintaining the captive species’ biodiversity rates within conservation and reintroduction programs. However, these 15 genetic markers can also be helpful for small- isolated populations, subspecies and other genera of endangered and vulnerable species. Abstract Genetic analysis is a conventional way of identifying and monitoring captive and wildlife species. Knowledge of statistical parameters reinforcing their usefulness and effectiveness as powerful tools for preserving diversity is crucial. Although several studies have reported the diversity of cetaceans such as Tursiops truncatus using microsatellites, its informative degree has been poorly reported. Furthermore, the genetic structure of this cetacean has not been fully studied. In the present study, we selected 15 microsatellites with which 210 dolphins were genetically characterized using capillary electrophoresis. The genetic assertiveness of this set of hypervariable markers identified one individual in the range of 6.927e13 to 1.806e16, demonstrating its substantial capability in kinship relationships. The genetic structure of these 210 dolphins was also determined regarding the putative capture origin; a genetic stratification (k = 2) was found. An additional dolphin group of undetermined origin was also characterized to challenge the proficiency of our chosen markers. The set of markers proposed herein could be a helpful tool to guarantee the maintenance of the genetic diversity rates in conservation programs both in Tursiops truncatus and across other odontocetes, Mysticeti and several genera of endangered and vulnerable species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Gómez
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN (CINVESTAV-IPN), Mexico City 07360, Mexico;
| | - Rocío M. Neri-Bazán
- Laboratorio de Medicina de Conservación, Escuela Superior de Medicina-Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ESM-IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (R.M.N.-B.); (A.P.-M.)
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genética, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra-Ibarra (INR-LGII), Mexico City 14389, Mexico;
| | - Araceli Posadas-Mondragon
- Laboratorio de Medicina de Conservación, Escuela Superior de Medicina-Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ESM-IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (R.M.N.-B.); (A.P.-M.)
| | - Pablo A. Vizcaíno-Dorado
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genética, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra-Ibarra (INR-LGII), Mexico City 14389, Mexico;
| | - Jonathan J. Magaña
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genética, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación-Luis Guillermo Ibarra-Ibarra (INR-LGII), Mexico City 14389, Mexico;
- Departamento de Bioingenieria, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnologico de Monterrey-Campus Ciudad de México (ITESM-CCM), Mexico City 14380, Mexico
- Correspondence: (J.J.M.); (J.L.A.-F.)
| | - José Leopoldo Aguilar-Faisal
- Laboratorio de Medicina de Conservación, Escuela Superior de Medicina-Instituto Politécnico Nacional (ESM-IPN), Mexico City 11340, Mexico; (R.M.N.-B.); (A.P.-M.)
- Correspondence: (J.J.M.); (J.L.A.-F.)
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Durden WN, Stolen ED, Jablonski T, Moreland L, Howells E, Sleeman A, Denny M, Biedenbach G, Mazzoil M. Abundance and demography of common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus truncatus) in the Indian River Lagoon, Florida: A robust design capture-recapture analysis. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0250657. [PMID: 33909689 PMCID: PMC8081176 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Common bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus truncatus) inhabiting the Indian River Lagoon (IRL) estuarine system along the east coast of Florida are impacted by anthropogenic activities and have had multiple unexplained mortality events. Given this, managers need precise estimates of demographic and abundance parameters. Mark-recapture photo-identification boat-based surveys following a Robust Design were used to estimate abundance, adult survival, and temporary emigration for the IRL estuarine system stock of bottlenose dolphins. Models allowed for temporary emigration and included a parameter (time since first capture) to assess evidence for transient individuals. Surveys (n = 135) were conducted along predetermined contour and transect lines throughout the entire IRL (2016-2017). The best fitting model allowed survival to differ for residents and transients and to vary by primary period, detection to vary by secondary session, and did not include temporary emigration. Dolphin abundance was estimated from 981 (95% CI: 882-1,090) in winter to 1,078 (95% CI: 968-1,201) in summer with a mean of 1,032 (95% CI: 969-1,098). Model averaged seasonal survival rate for marked residents was 0.85-1.00. Capture probability was 0.20 to 0.42 during secondary sessions and the transient rate was estimated as 0.06 to 0.07. This study is the first Robust Design mark-recapture survey to estimate abundance for IRL dolphins and provides population estimates to improve future survey design, as well as an example of data simulation to validate and optimize sampling design. Transients likely included individuals with home ranges extending north of the IRL requiring further assessment of stock delineation. Results were similar to prior abundance estimates from line-transect aerial surveys suggesting population stability over the last decade. These results will enable managers to evaluate the impact of fisheries-related takes and provide baseline demographic parameters for the IRL dolphin population which contends with anthropogenic impacts and repeated mortality events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Noke Durden
- Hubbs-SeaWorld Research Institute, Melbourne Beach, Melbourne, Florida, United States of America
| | - Eric D. Stolen
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, United States of America
| | - Teresa Jablonski
- Hubbs-SeaWorld Research Institute, Melbourne Beach, Melbourne, Florida, United States of America
| | - Lydia Moreland
- Hubbs-SeaWorld Research Institute, Melbourne Beach, Melbourne, Florida, United States of America
| | - Elisabeth Howells
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute at Florida Atlantic University, Ft. Pierce, Florida, United States of America
| | - Anne Sleeman
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute at Florida Atlantic University, Ft. Pierce, Florida, United States of America
| | - Matthew Denny
- Georgia Aquarium Conservation Field Station, St. Augustine, Florida, United States of America
| | - George Biedenbach
- Georgia Aquarium Conservation Field Station, St. Augustine, Florida, United States of America
| | - Marilyn Mazzoil
- Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute at Florida Atlantic University, Ft. Pierce, Florida, United States of America
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Nykänen M, Dillane E, Englund A, Foote AD, Ingram SN, Louis M, Mirimin L, Oudejans M, Rogan E. Quantifying dispersal between marine protected areas by a highly mobile species, the bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus. Ecol Evol 2018; 8:9241-9258. [PMID: 30377497 PMCID: PMC6194238 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.4343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The functioning of marine protected areas (MPAs) designated for marine megafauna has been criticized due to the high mobility and dispersal potential of these taxa. However, dispersal within a network of small MPAs can be beneficial as connectivity can result in increased effective population size, maintain genetic diversity, and increase robustness to ecological and environmental changes making populations less susceptible to stochastic genetic and demographic effects (i.e., Allee effect). Here, we use both genetic and photo-identification methods to quantify gene flow and demographic dispersal between MPAs of a highly mobile marine mammal, the bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus. We identify three populations in the waters of western Ireland, two of which have largely nonoverlapping core coastal home ranges and are each strongly spatially associated with specific MPAs. We find high site fidelity of individuals within each of these two coastal populations to their respective MPA. We also find low levels of demographic dispersal between the populations, but it remains unclear whether any new gametes are exchanged between populations through these migrants (genetic dispersal). The population sampled in the Shannon Estuary has a low estimated effective population size and appears to be genetically isolated. The second coastal population, sampled outside of the Shannon, may be demographically and genetically connected to other coastal subpopulations around the coastal waters of the UK. We therefore recommend that the methods applied here should be used on a broader geographically sampled dataset to better assess this connectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milaja Nykänen
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Eileen Dillane
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Anneli Englund
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Andrew D. Foote
- School of Biological SciencesMolecular Ecology Fisheries Genetics LabBangor UniversityBangorUK
| | - Simon N. Ingram
- School of Biological and Marine SciencesPlymouth UniversityPlymouthUK
| | - Marie Louis
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de ChizéUMR 7372CNRS‐Université de La RochelleLa RochelleFrance
- Observatoire PelagisUMS 3462CNRS‐Université de La RochelleLa RochelleFrance
- Scottish Oceans InstituteUniversity of St AndrewsSt AndrewsUK
| | - Luca Mirimin
- Department of Natural SciencesSchool of Science and ComputingGalway‐Mayo Institute of TechnologyMarine and Freshwater Research CentreGalwayIreland
| | | | - Emer Rogan
- School of Biological, Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
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Cryptic lineage differentiation among Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops aduncus) in the northwest Indian Ocean. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2018; 122:1-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2017.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bayas-Rea RDLÁ, Félix F, Montufar R. Genetic divergence and fine scale population structure of the common bottlenose dolphin ( Tursiops truncatus, Montagu) found in the Gulf of Guayaquil, Ecuador. PeerJ 2018; 6:e4589. [PMID: 29707430 PMCID: PMC5916226 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.4589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus, is widely distributed along the western coast of South America. In Ecuador, a resident population of bottlenose dolphins inhabits the inner estuarine area of the Gulf of Guayaquil located in the southwestern part of the country and is under threat from different human activities in the area. Only one genetic study on South American common bottlenose dolphins has been carried out to date, and understanding genetic variation of wildlife populations, especially species that are identified as threatened, is crucial for defining conservation units and developing appropriate conservation strategies. In order to evaluate the evolutionary link of this population, we assessed the phylogenetic relationships, phylogeographic patterns, and population structure using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The sampling comprised: (i) 31 skin samples collected from free-ranging dolphins at three locations in the Gulf of Guayaquil inner estuary, (ii) 38 samples from stranded dolphins available at the collection of the “Museo de Ballenas de Salinas,” (iii) 549 mtDNA control region (mtDNA CR) sequences from GenBank, and (iv) 66 concatenated sequences from 7-mtDNA regions (12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, NADH dehydrogenase subunit I–II, cytochrome oxidase I and II, cytochrome b, and CR) obtained from mitogenomes available in GenBank. Our analyses indicated population structure between both inner and outer estuary dolphin populations as well as with distinct populations of T. truncatus using mtDNA CR. Moreover, the inner estuary bottlenose dolphin (estuarine bottlenose dolphin) population exhibited lower levels of genetic diversity than the outer estuary dolphin population according to the mtDNA CR. Finally, the estuarine bottlenose dolphin population was genetically distinct from other T. truncatus populations based on mtDNA CR and 7-mtDNA regions. From these results, we suggest that the estuarine bottlenose dolphin population should be considered a distinct lineage. This dolphin population faces a variety of anthropogenic threats in this area; thus, we highlight its fragility and urge authorities to issue prompt management and conservation measures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando Félix
- Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.,Museo de Ballenas, Salinas, Ecuador
| | - Rommel Montufar
- Escuela de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador
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Barragán-Barrera DC, May-Collado LJ, Tezanos-Pinto G, Islas-Villanueva V, Correa-Cárdenas CA, Caballero S. High genetic structure and low mitochondrial diversity in bottlenose dolphins of the Archipelago of Bocas del Toro, Panama: A population at risk? PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189370. [PMID: 29236757 PMCID: PMC5728558 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Accepted: 11/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The current conservation status of the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) under the IUCN is ‘least concern’. However, in the Caribbean, small and localized populations of the ‘inshore form’ may be at higher risk of extinction than the ‘worldwide distributed form’ due to a combination of factors including small population size, high site fidelity, genetic isolation, and range overlap with human activities. Here, we study the population genetic structure of bottlenose dolphins from the Archipelago of Bocas del Toro in Panama. This is a small population characterized by high site fidelity and is currently heavily-impacted by the local dolphin-watching industry. We collected skin tissue samples from 25 dolphins to study the genetic diversity and structure of this population. We amplified a portion of the mitochondrial Control Region (mtDNA-CR) and nine microsatellite loci. The mtDNA-CR analyses revealed that dolphins in Bocas del Toro belong to the ‘inshore form’, grouped with the Bahamas-Colombia-Cuba-Mexico population unit. They also possess a unique haplotype new for the Caribbean. The microsatellite data indicated that the Bocas del Toro dolphin population is highly structured, likely due to restricted movement patterns. Previous abundance estimates obtained with mark-recapture methods reported a small population of 80 dolphins (95% CI = 72–87), which is similar to the contemporary effective population size estimated in this study (Ne = 73 individuals; CI = 18.0 - ∞; 0.05). The combination of small population size, high degree of genetic isolation, and intense daily interactions with dolphin-watching boats puts the Bocas del Toro dolphin to at high risk of extinction. Despite national guidelines to regulate the dolphin-watching industry in Bocas del Toro and ongoing educational programs for tour operators, only in 2012 seven animals have died due to boat collisions. Our results suggest that the conservation status of bottlenose dolphins in Bocas del Toro should be elevated to ‘endangered’ at the national level, as a precautionary measure while population and viability estimates are conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia C. Barragán-Barrera
- Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular de Vertebrados Acuáticos LEMVA, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Laboratorio J-202, Bogotá, Colombia
- Fundación Macuáticos Colombia, Medellín, Colombia
- * E-mail:
| | - Laura J. May-Collado
- Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States of America
- Centro de Investigaciones del Mar y Limnología, Universidad de Costa Rica, San Jose, Costa Rica
| | | | - Valentina Islas-Villanueva
- CONACYT, Universidad del Mar, Instituto de Genética, Ciudad Universitaria, Puerto Ángel, Distrito de San Pedro Pochutla, Oaxaca, México
| | - Camilo A. Correa-Cárdenas
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias Básicas, Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Central, Bogotá, Colombia
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad de La Salle, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Susana Caballero
- Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular de Vertebrados Acuáticos LEMVA, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de los Andes, Laboratorio J-202, Bogotá, Colombia
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Chen I, Nishida S, Yang WC, Isobe T, Tajima Y, Hoelzel AR. Genetic diversity of bottlenose dolphin ( Tursiops sp.) populations in the western North Pacific and the conservation implications. MARINE BIOLOGY 2017; 164:202. [PMID: 28983128 PMCID: PMC5592193 DOI: 10.1007/s00227-017-3232-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The evolutionary processes that shape patterns of diversity in highly mobile marine species are poorly understood, but important towards transferable inference on their effective conservation. In this study, bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops sp.) are studied to address this broader question. They exhibit remarkable geographical variation for morphology, life history, and genetic diversity, and this high level of variation has made the taxonomy of the genus controversial. A significant population structure has been reported for the most widely distributed species, the common bottlenose dolphin (T. truncatus), in almost all ocean basins, though no data have been available for the western North Pacific Ocean (WNP). The genetic diversity of bottlenose dolphins in the WNP was investigated based on 20 microsatellite and one mitochondrial DNA markers for samples collected from Taiwanese, Japanese, and Philippine waters (9°-39°N, 120°-140°E) during 1986-2012. The results indicated that there are at least four genetically differentiated populations of common bottlenose dolphins in the western and central North Pacific Ocean. The pattern of differentiation appears to correspond to habitat types, resembling results seen in other populations of the same species. Our analyses also showed that there was no evident gene flow between the two "sister species", the common bottlenose dolphins, and the Indo-Pacific bottlenose dolphins (T. aduncus) occurring sympatrically in our study region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ing Chen
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE UK
- Department of Life Sciences, National Cheng Kung University, 1 Da-Xue Road, East District, Tainan, 70101 Taiwan
| | - Shin Nishida
- Science Education, Faculty of Education and Culture, University of Miyazaki, 1-1 Gakuen-Kibanadai-Nishi, Miyazaki, 889-2192 Japan
| | - Wei-Cheng Yang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, 580 Xinmin Road, Chiayi, 60054 Taiwan
| | - Tomohiko Isobe
- National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8506 Japan
| | - Yuko Tajima
- Division of Vertebrates, Department of Zoology, National Museum of Nature and Science, 4–1–1 Amakubo, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-0005 Japan
| | - A. Rus Hoelzel
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE UK
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Ywasaki Lima J, Machado FB, Farro APC, Barbosa LDA, da Silveira LS, Medina-Acosta E. Population genetic structure of Guiana dolphin (Sotalia guianensis) from the southwestern Atlantic coast of Brazil. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183645. [PMID: 28837691 PMCID: PMC5570289 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Sotalia guianensis is a small dolphin that is vulnerable to anthropogenic impacts. Along the Brazilian Atlantic coast, this species is threatened with extinction. A prioritized action plan for conservation strategies relies on increased knowledge of the population. The scarcity of studies about genetic diversity and assessments of population structure for this animal have precluded effective action in the region. Here, we assessed, for the first time, the genetic differentiation at 14 microsatellite loci in 90 S. guianensis specimens stranded on the southeastern Atlantic coast of the State of Espírito Santo, Brazil. We estimated population parameters and structure, measured the significance of global gametic disequilibrium and the intensity of non-random multiallelic interallelic associations and constructed a provisional synteny map using Bos taurus, the closest terrestrial mammal with a reference genome available. All microsatellite loci were polymorphic, with at least three and a maximum of ten alleles each. Allele frequencies ranged from 0.01 to 0.97. Observed heterozygosity ranged from 0.061 to 0.701. The mean inbreeding coefficient was 0.103. Three loci were in Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium even when missing genotypes were inferred. Although 77 of the 91 possible two-locus associations were in global gametic equilibrium, we unveiled 13 statistically significant, sign-based, non-random multiallelic interallelic associations in 10 two-locus combinations with either coupling (D' values ranging from 0.782 to 0.353) or repulsion (D' values -0.517 to -1.000) forces. Most of the interallelic associations did not involve the major alleles. Thus, for either physically or non-physically linked loci, measuring the intensity of non-random interallelic associations is important for defining the evolutionary forces at equilibrium. We uncovered a small degree of genetic differentiation (FST = 0.010; P-value = 0.463) with a hierarchical clustering into one segment containing members from the southern and northern coastal regions. The data thus support the scenario of little genetic structure in the population of S. guianensis in this geographic area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Ywasaki Lima
- Laboratory of Morphology and Animal Pathology, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail: (JYL); (EMA)
| | - Filipe Brum Machado
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Cazerta Farro
- Laboratory of Genetics and Animal Conservation, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - Leonardo Serafim da Silveira
- Laboratory of Morphology and Animal Pathology, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Enrique Medina-Acosta
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- * E-mail: (JYL); (EMA)
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Bossart GD, Fair P, Schaefer AM, Reif JS. Health and Environmental Risk Assessment Project for bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus from the southeastern USA. I. Infectious diseases. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2017; 125:141-153. [PMID: 28737159 DOI: 10.3354/dao03142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
From 2003 to 2015, 360 free-ranging Atlantic bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus inhabiting the Indian River Lagoon (IRL, n = 246), Florida, and coastal waters of Charleston (CHS, n = 114), South Carolina, USA, were captured, given comprehensive health examinations, and released as part of a multidisciplinary and multi-institutional study of individual and population health. The aim of this review is to summarize the substantial health data generated by this study and to examine morbidity between capture sites and over time. The IRL and CHS dolphin populations are affected by complex infectious and neoplastic diseases often associated with immunologic disturbances. We found evidence of infection with cetacean morbillivirus, dolphin papilloma and herpes viruses, Chlamydiaceae, a novel uncultivated strain of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (recently identified as the causal agent of dolphin lobomycosis/lacaziasis), and other pathogens. This is the first long-term study documenting the various types, progression, seroprevalence, and pathologic interrelationships of infectious diseases in dolphins from the southeastern USA. Additionally, the study has demonstrated that the bottlenose dolphin is a valuable sentinel animal that may reflect environmental health concerns and parallel emerging public health issues.
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Hohn AA, Thomas L, Carmichael RH, Litz J, Clemons-Chevis C, Shippee SF, Sinclair C, Smith S, Speakman TR, Tumlin MC, Zolman ES. Assigning stranded bottlenose dolphins to source stocks using stable isotope ratios following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill. ENDANGER SPECIES RES 2017. [DOI: 10.3354/esr00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Albertson GR, Baird RW, Oremus M, Poole MM, Martien KK, Baker CS. Staying close to home? Genetic differentiation of rough-toothed dolphins near oceanic islands in the central Pacific Ocean. CONSERV GENET 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10592-016-0880-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Gonzalvo J, Lauriano G, Hammond PS, Viaud-Martinez KA, Fossi MC, Natoli A, Marsili L. The Gulf of Ambracia's Common Bottlenose Dolphins, Tursiops truncatus: A Highly Dense and yet Threatened Population. ADVANCES IN MARINE BIOLOGY 2016; 75:259-296. [PMID: 27770987 DOI: 10.1016/bs.amb.2016.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) is the only cetacean present in the semiclosed waters of the Gulf of Ambracia, Western Greece. This increasingly degraded coastal ecosystem hosts one of the highest observed densities in the Mediterranean Sea for this species. Photo-identification data and tissue samples collected through skin-swabbing and remote biopsy sampling techniques during boat-based surveys conducted between 2006 and 2015 in the Gulf, were used to examine bottlenose dolphin abundance, population trends, site fidelity, genetic differentiation and toxicological status. Bottlenose dolphins showed high levels of year-round site fidelity throughout the 10-year study period. Dolphin population estimates mostly fell between 130 and 170 with CVs averaging about 10%; a trend in population size over the 10 years was a decline of 1.6% per year (but this was not significant). Genetic differentiation between the bottlenose dolphins of the Gulf and their conspecifics from neighbouring populations was detected, and low genetic diversity was found among individuals sampled. In addition, pesticides where identified as factors posing a real toxicological problem for local bottlenose dolphins. Therefore, in the Gulf of Ambracia, high dolphin density does not seem to be indicative of favourable conservation status or pristine habitat.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gonzalvo
- Tethys Research Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - G Lauriano
- Institute for Environmental Protection and Research (ISPRA), Roma, Italy
| | - P S Hammond
- Sea Mammal Research Unit, Gatty Marine Laboratory, University of St Andrews, Fife, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - A Natoli
- UAE Dolphin Project, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
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Hodel RGJ, Cortez MBDS, Soltis PS, Soltis DE. Comparative phylogeography of black mangroves (Avicennia germinans) and red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle) in Florida: Testing the maritime discontinuity in coastal plants. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2016; 103:730-739. [PMID: 27056925 DOI: 10.3732/ajb.1500260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE OF THE STUDY Previous studies of the comparative phylogeography of coastal and marine species in the southeastern United States revealed that phylogenetically diverse taxa share a phylogeographic break at the southern tip of Florida (the maritime discontinuity). These studies have focused nearly exclusively on animals; few coastal plant species in Florida have been analyzed phylogeographically. We investigated phylogeographic patterns of black mangroves (Avicennia germinans) and red mangroves (Rhizophora mangle), two coastal trees that occur on both coasts of the peninsula of Florida. METHODS We sampled and genotyped 150 individuals each of A. germinans and R. mangle, using eight microsatellite loci per species. We used observed and expected heterozygosity to quantify genetic diversity in each sampling location and allele frequencies to identify putative phylogeographic breaks and measure gene flow using BayesAss and Migrate-n. We tested the hypothesis that both species would exhibit a phylogeographic break at the southern tip of Florida. KEY RESULTS We did not find any significant phylogeographic breaks in either species. Rhizophora mangle exhibits greater genetic structure than A. germinans, contrary to expectations based on propagule dispersal capability. However, directional gene flow from the Gulf to the Atlantic was more pronounced in R. mangle, indicating that the Gulf Stream may affect genetic patterns in R. mangle more than in A. germinans. CONCLUSIONS The high dispersal capability of these species may lead to high genetic connectivity between sampling locations and little geographic structure. We also identified several locations that, based on genetic data, should be the focus of conservation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard G J Hodel
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Maria B de Souza Cortez
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pamela S Soltis
- Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA The Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
| | - Douglas E Soltis
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA The Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA
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da Silva DMP, Azevedo AF, Secchi ER, Barbosa LA, Flores PAC, Carvalho RR, Bisi TL, Lailson-Brito J, Cunha HA. Molecular taxonomy and population structure of the rough-toothed dolphinSteno bredanensis(Cetartiodactyla: Delphinidae). Zool J Linn Soc 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/zoj.12301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dayse M. P. da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Oceanografia; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524/4018-E, Maracanã Rio de Janeiro RJ 20550-013 Brazil
- MAQUA - Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores; Faculdade de Oceanografia; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524/4002-E, Maracanã Rio de Janeiro RJ 20550-013 Brazil
| | - Alexandre F. Azevedo
- MAQUA - Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores; Faculdade de Oceanografia; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524/4002-E, Maracanã Rio de Janeiro RJ 20550-013 Brazil
| | - Eduardo R. Secchi
- Laboratório de Ecologia e Conservação da Megafauna Marinha - EcoMega; Instituto de Oceanografia; Fundação Universitária do Rio Grande; Av. Italia, Km 8, Centro Rio Grande RS 96201-900 Brazil
| | - Lupércio A. Barbosa
- Instituto Organização Consciência Ambiental (ORCA); Av. São Paulo, 23, Vila Velha ES 29101-315 Brazil
| | - Paulo A. C. Flores
- CMA - Centro Nacional de Pesquisa e Conservação de Mamíferos Aquáticos / ICMBio - Instituto Chico Mendes de Conservação da Biodiversidade; Ministério do Meio Ambiente; CMA/SC; Rodovia Mauricio Sirotsky Sobrinho, s/n, Km02 Florianópolis SC 88053-700 Brazil
| | - Rafael R. Carvalho
- MAQUA - Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores; Faculdade de Oceanografia; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524/4002-E, Maracanã Rio de Janeiro RJ 20550-013 Brazil
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ecologia e Evolução; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524, PHLC - sala 224, Maracanã Rio de Janeiro RJ 20550-013 Brazil
| | - Tatiana L. Bisi
- MAQUA - Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores; Faculdade de Oceanografia; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524/4002-E, Maracanã Rio de Janeiro RJ 20550-013 Brazil
| | - José Lailson-Brito
- MAQUA - Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores; Faculdade de Oceanografia; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524/4002-E, Maracanã Rio de Janeiro RJ 20550-013 Brazil
| | - Haydée A. Cunha
- MAQUA - Laboratório de Mamíferos Aquáticos e Bioindicadores; Faculdade de Oceanografia; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524/4002-E, Maracanã Rio de Janeiro RJ 20550-013 Brazil
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