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Wang B, Zhou J, An N. Investigating molecular markers linked to acute myocardial infarction and cuproptosis: bioinformatics analysis and validation in the AMI mice model. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17280. [PMID: 38827298 PMCID: PMC11143973 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Cuproptosis-related key genes play a significant role in the pathological processes of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). However, a complete understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind this participation remains elusive. This study was designed to identify genes and immune cells critical to AMI pathogenesis. Based on the GSE48060 dataset (31 AMI patients and 21 healthy persons, GPL570-55999), we identified genes associated with dysregulated cuproptosis and the activation of immune responses between normal subjects and patients with a first myocardial attack. Two molecular clusters associated with cuproptosis were defined in patients with AMI. Immune infiltration analysis showed that there was significant immunity heterogeneity among different clusters. Multiple immune responses were closely associated with Cluster2-specific differentially expressed genes (DEGs). The generalized linear model machine model presented the best discriminative performance with relatively lower residual and root mean square error, and a higher area under the curve (AUC = 0.870). A final two-gene-based generalized linear model was constructed, exhibiting satisfactory performance in two external validation datasets (AUC = 0.719, GSE66360 and AUC = 0.856, GSE123342). Column graph, calibration curve, and decision curve analyses also proved the accuracy of AMI prediction. We also constructed a mouse C57BL/6 model of AMI (3 h, 48 h, and 1 week) and used qRT-PCR and immunofluorescence to detect the expression changes of CBLB and ZNF302. In this study, we present a systematic analysis of the complex relationship between cuproptosis and a first AMI attack, and provide new insights into the diagnosis and treatment of AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingyu Wang
- Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianqing Zhou
- Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ning An
- Ningbo Medical Center Lihuili Hospital, Medical School of Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China
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Foti P, Randazzo CL, Russo M, Di Sanzo R, Romeo FV, Scilimati A, Miciaccia M, Grazia Perrone M, Caggia C. Effect of microbial fermentation on functional traits and volatiloma profile of pâté olive cake. Food Res Int 2023; 174:113510. [PMID: 37986418 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the pâté olive cake (POC), a by-product of the olive oil industry, was subjected to fermentation in a bioreactor using three microbial strains, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, Wickerhamomyces anomalus and Candida boidinii, previously isolated from fermented table olive brines. Chemical, microbiological and molecular analyses were carried out at the beginning and at the end of fermentation. The lowest pH value (4.09) was reached after 10 days in sample inoculated with C. boidinii. Microbiological analyses exhibited the dominance of yeasts throughout the whole process (from 5.5 to 7.80 Log10 CFU/g), as confirmed by PCR-DGGE analysis. The microbial cultures affected both phenolic and volatile organic compound profiles. Moreover, the POC samples treated with different microbial strains were investigated for biological assays. The sample fermented with W. anomalus showed the greatest diffusion speed of transepithelial transport through Caco-2 cell, the highest inhibitory activity towards the tested cyclooxygenases and the highest antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Foti
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment, Di3A, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Corso Savoia 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy
| | - Cinzia L Randazzo
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment, Di3A, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; ProBioEtna srl, Spin off University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; CERNUT (Interdepartmental Research Centre in Nutraceuticals and Health Products), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Mariateresa Russo
- Department of Agriculture Science, Food Chemistry, Safety and Sensoromic Laboratory (FoCuSS Lab), University of Reggio Calabria, Via Salita Melissari, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Rosa Di Sanzo
- Department of Agriculture Science, Food Chemistry, Safety and Sensoromic Laboratory (FoCuSS Lab), University of Reggio Calabria, Via Salita Melissari, 89124 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Flora V Romeo
- Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e l'Analisi dell'Economia Agraria (CREA), Centro di Ricerca Olivicoltura, Frutticoltura e Agrumicoltura, Corso Savoia 190, 95024 Acireale, Italy.
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Morena Miciaccia
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Via E. Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Cinzia Caggia
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environment, Di3A, University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; ProBioEtna srl, Spin off University of Catania, via S. Sofia 100, 95123 Catania, Italy; CERNUT (Interdepartmental Research Centre in Nutraceuticals and Health Products), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
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Nishida Y, Berg PC, Shakersain B, Hecht K, Takikawa A, Tao R, Kakuta Y, Uragami C, Hashimoto H, Misawa N, Maoka T. Astaxanthin: Past, Present, and Future. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:514. [PMID: 37888449 PMCID: PMC10608541 DOI: 10.3390/md21100514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin (AX), a lipid-soluble pigment belonging to the xanthophyll carotenoids family, has recently garnered significant attention due to its unique physical properties, biochemical attributes, and physiological effects. Originally recognized primarily for its role in imparting the characteristic red-pink color to various organisms, AX is currently experiencing a surge in interest and research. The growing body of literature in this field predominantly focuses on AXs distinctive bioactivities and properties. However, the potential of algae-derived AX as a solution to various global environmental and societal challenges that threaten life on our planet has not received extensive attention. Furthermore, the historical context and the role of AX in nature, as well as its significance in diverse cultures and traditional health practices, have not been comprehensively explored in previous works. This review article embarks on a comprehensive journey through the history leading up to the present, offering insights into the discovery of AX, its chemical and physical attributes, distribution in organisms, and biosynthesis. Additionally, it delves into the intricate realm of health benefits, biofunctional characteristics, and the current market status of AX. By encompassing these multifaceted aspects, this review aims to provide readers with a more profound understanding and a robust foundation for future scientific endeavors directed at addressing societal needs for sustainable nutritional and medicinal solutions. An updated summary of AXs health benefits, its present market status, and potential future applications are also included for a well-rounded perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Nishida
- Fuji Chemical Industries, Co., Ltd., 55 Yokohoonji, Kamiich-machi, Nakaniikawa-gun, Toyama 930-0405, Japan
| | | | - Behnaz Shakersain
- AstaReal AB, Signum, Forumvägen 14, Level 16, 131 53 Nacka, Sweden; (P.C.B.); (B.S.)
| | - Karen Hecht
- AstaReal, Inc., 3 Terri Lane, Unit 12, Burlington, NJ 08016, USA;
| | - Akiko Takikawa
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan;
| | - Ruohan Tao
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda 669-1330, Japan; (R.T.); (Y.K.); (C.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Yumeka Kakuta
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda 669-1330, Japan; (R.T.); (Y.K.); (C.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Chiasa Uragami
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda 669-1330, Japan; (R.T.); (Y.K.); (C.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Hideki Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kwansei Gakuin University, 1 Gakuen-Uegahara, Sanda 669-1330, Japan; (R.T.); (Y.K.); (C.U.); (H.H.)
| | - Norihiko Misawa
- Research Institute for Bioresources and Biotechnology, Ishikawa Prefectural University, Suematsu, Nonoichi-shi 921-8836, Japan;
| | - Takashi Maoka
- Research Institute for Production Development, 15 Shimogamo-morimoto-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-0805, Japan
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The potential of cold-shock promoters for the expression of recombinant proteins in microbes and mammalian cells. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2022; 20:173. [PMID: 36580173 PMCID: PMC9800685 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-022-00455-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Low-temperature expression of recombinant proteins may be advantageous to support their proper folding and preserve bioactivity. The generation of expression vectors regulated under cold conditions can improve the expression of some target proteins that are difficult to express in different expression systems. The cspA encodes the major cold-shock protein from Escherichia coli (CspA). The promoter of cspA has been widely used to develop cold shock-inducible expression platforms in E. coli. Moreover, it is often necessary to employ expression systems other than bacteria, particularly when recombinant proteins require complex post-translational modifications. Currently, there are no commercial platforms available for expressing target genes by cold shock in eukaryotic cells. Consequently, genetic elements that respond to cold shock offer the possibility of developing novel cold-inducible expression platforms, particularly suitable for yeasts, and mammalian cells. CONCLUSIONS This review covers the importance of the cellular response to low temperatures and the prospective use of cold-sensitive promoters to direct the expression of recombinant proteins. This concept may contribute to renewing interest in applying white technologies to produce recombinant proteins that are difficult to express.
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Wei Y, Yan Z, Liu M, Chen D, Chen X, Li X. Metabolic characteristics of intracellular trehalose enrichment in salt-tolerant Zygosaccharomyces rouxii. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:935756. [PMID: 35983337 PMCID: PMC9378813 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.935756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The salt-tolerant flavor yeast Zygosaccharomyces rouxii is an important food flavor microorganism, but its intracellular stress-resistant trehalose synthesis efficiency has been shown to be low, resulting in its weak high-temperature resistance. The intracellular and extracellular levels of carbohydrates, organic acids, and amino acids of Z. rouxii in a 20-L mechanically stirred ventilated fermenter were analyzed using metabolomics research methods. Our results showed that glucose supplementation could promote the growth of yeast cells, but high temperatures (> 35°C) significantly prevented cell growth. Under three different growth strategies, extracellular glucose was continuously utilized and intracellular glucose was continuously metabolized, but glucose overflow metabolism was inhibited by high temperature, which showed that the level of intracellular/extracellular ethanol was stable. High temperature stimulated significant intracellular trehalose accumulation (c20.5h = 80.78 mg/g Dry Cell Weight (DCW)) but not efflux, as well as xylitol accumulation (c20.5h = 185.97 mg/g DCW) but with efflux (c20.5h = 29.78 g/L). Moreover, heat resistance evaluation showed that xylitol and trehalose had heat-protective effects on Z. rouxii. In addition, a large amount of propionic acid and butyric acid accumulated inside and outside these cells, showing that the conversion of glucose to acid in yeast cells becomes the main pathway of glucose overflow metabolism in high temperatures. In addition, the increased demand of yeast cells for phenylalanine, threonine, and glycine at high temperatures suggested that these metabolites participated in the temperature adaptation of Z. rouxii in different ways. Valine and leucine/isoleucine [branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs)] were mainly affected by the addition of glucose, while glucose, sucrose, aspartic acid/asparagine, and glutamate/glutamine were not affected by this temperature regulation as a whole. This study could help deepen our understanding of the high-temperature adaptation mechanism of salt-tolerant Z. rouxii, and has theoretical significance for the application of highly tolerant yeast to food brewing.
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Huang R, Ding R, Liu Y, Li F, Zhang Z, Wang S. GATA transcription factor WC2 regulates the biosynthesis of astaxanthin in yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:2578-2593. [PMID: 35830570 PMCID: PMC9518987 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Astaxanthin is a type of carotenoid widely used as powerful antioxidant and colourant in aquaculture and the poultry industry. Production of astaxanthin by yeast Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous has attracted increasing attention due to high cell density and low requirements of water and land compared to photoautotrophic algae. Currently, the regulatory mechanisms of astaxanthin synthesis in X. dendrorhous remain obscure. In this study, we obtained a yellow X. dendrorhous mutant by Atmospheric and Room Temperature Plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis and sequenced its genome. We then identified a putative GATA transcription factor, white collar 2 (XdWC2), from the comparative genome data and verified that disruption of the XdWC2 gene resulted in a similar carotenoid profile to that of the ARTP mutant. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis and yeast one‐hybrid (Y1H) assay showed that XdWC2 regulated the expression of phytoene desaturase gene CrtI and astaxanthin synthase gene CrtS. The yeast two‐hybrid (Y2H) assay demonstrated that XdWC2 interacted with white collar 1 (XdWC1) forming a heterodimer WC complex (WCC) to regulate the expression of CrtI and CrtS. Increase of the transcriptional levels of XdWC2 or CrtS in the wild‐type strain did not largely modify the carotenoid profile, indicating translational and/or post‐translational regulations involved in the biosynthesis of astaxanthin. Overexpression of CrtI in both the wild‐type strain and the XdWC2‐disrupted strain apparently improved the production of monocyclic carotenoid 3‐hydroxy‐3′, 4′‐didehydro‐β, ψ‐carotene‐4‐one (HDCO) rather than β‐carotene and astaxanthin. The regulation of carotenoid biosynthesis by XdWC2 presented here provides the foundation for further understanding the global regulation of astaxanthin biosynthesis and guides the construction of astaxanthin over‐producing strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruilin Huang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Ruirui Ding
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Liu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Fuli Li
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Shi'an Wang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Qingdao, China.,Shandong Energy Institute, Qingdao, China
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